A W-band up-down frequency conversion module and a frequency conversion method

Abstract

The application discloses a W-band up-down frequency conversion module and a frequency conversion method, and relates to the technical field of frequency conversion. The application discloses a W-band up-down frequency conversion module and a frequency conversion method, and relates to the technical field of frequency conversion. The application discloses a W-band up-down frequency conversion module and a frequency conversion method, and relates to the technical field of frequency conversion. The application discloses a W-band up-down frequency conversion module and a frequency conversion method, and relates to the technical field of frequency conversion. The application discloses a W-band up-down frequency conversion module and a frequency conversion method, and relates to the technical field of frequency conversion. The application discloses a W-band up-down frequency conversion module and a frequency conversion method, and relates to the technical field of frequency conversion. The application discloses a W-band up-down frequency conversion module and a frequency conversion method, and relates to the technical field of frequency conversion. The application discloses a W-band up-down frequency conversion module and a frequency conversion method, and relates to the technical field of frequency conversion. The application discloses a W-band up-down frequency conversion module and a frequency conversion method, and relates to the technical field of frequency conversion. The application discloses a W-band up-down frequency conversion module and a frequency conversion method, and relates to the technical field of frequency conversion. The application discloses a W-band up-down frequency conversion module and a frequency conversion method, and relates to the technical field of frequency conversion. The application discloses a W-band up-down frequency conversion module and a frequency conversion method, and relates to the technical field of frequency conversion. The application discloses a W-band up-down frequency conversion module and a frequency conversion method, and relates to the technical field of frequency conversion. The application discloses a W-band up-down frequency conversion module and a frequency conversion method, and relates to the technical field of frequency conversion. The application discloses a W-band up-down frequency conversion module and a frequency conversion method, and relates to the technical field of frequency conversion. The application discloses a W-band up-down frequency conversion module and a frequency conversion method, and relates to the technical field of frequency conversion. The application discloses a W-band up-down frequency conversion module and a frequency conversion method, and relates to the technical field

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of frequency conversion, in particular to a W-band up-down frequency conversion module. BACKGROUND

[0002] W-band (75-110 GHz) millimeter-wave communication is widely used in high-speed data transmission, high-resolution imaging and radar fields due to its extremely wide spectrum bandwidth. The up-down frequency conversion module is the core component for realizing the conversion between intermediate frequency and radio frequency, which can directly determine the system link quality. A design scheme of sharing a local oscillator source is usually adopted, that is, a high-stability frequency synthesizer and a frequency multiplication chain are used to generate a W-band local oscillator signal, and then a passive power division network (such as a Wilkinson power divider) is used to distribute the local oscillator signal to two independent up-conversion and down-conversion channels. Each channel then completes frequency conversion and signal conditioning through the combination of mixers, filters, amplifiers, and attenuators.

[0003] The prior art has obvious limitations in the local oscillator signal sharing mechanism. If the up-conversion and down-conversion channels use independent local oscillator links, not only the system power consumption and volume are increased, but also the local oscillator phase noise difference is easily introduced, which leads to the degradation of the signal quality after frequency conversion. If the local oscillator is shared but not properly power-divided and level-controlled, the frequency conversion efficiency may be reduced or the non-linear distortion may be aggravated due to uneven local oscillator power distribution or mismatched input level of the mixer. Especially in the W-band high-frequency environment, slight local oscillator phase jitter or amplitude fluctuation can significantly degrade the system performance. Therefore, how to realize efficient coordination and dynamic adaptation of the up-conversion and down-conversion channels while ensuring high-quality distribution of the local oscillator signal has become a key technical bottleneck for improving the overall performance of the W-band transceiver module. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of the above existing problems, the present application is proposed.

[0005] Therefore, the present application provides a W-band up-down frequency conversion module to solve the problems of poor local oscillator synchronization and weak dynamic adaptation capability of the transmit and receive chains.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the present application provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] The application provides a W-band up-down frequency conversion module, which comprises an up-conversion channel, a down-conversion channel, a local oscillator link and a W-band dual-polarized antenna module; the up-conversion channel is used for frequency conversion of an intermediate frequency input signal in a predetermined intermediate frequency range to obtain a radio frequency output signal in a W-band frequency range, and maintaining a predetermined linear net gain, output power flatness and instantaneous dynamic range in a predetermined output power range; the down-conversion channel is used for frequency conversion of a radio frequency input signal in the W-band frequency range to obtain an intermediate frequency output signal in a predetermined intermediate frequency range, and maintaining a predetermined linear net gain, output power flatness and instantaneous dynamic range in a predetermined input power range; the local oscillator link is used for generating a local oscillator signal for driving the up-conversion channel and the down-conversion channel based on an externally input reference clock signal, and the frequency of the local oscillator signal is in a local oscillator frequency range suitable for the W-band working frequency; and the W-band dual-polarized antenna module is connected with a radio frequency output end of the up-conversion channel and a radio frequency input end of the down-conversion channel, and is used for transmitting and receiving signals in the W-band in a dual-polarized and co-aperture form, and has a predetermined gain, beam width, port standing wave ratio and polarization isolation within a predetermined working bandwidth.

[0008] As a preferred scheme of the W-band up-down frequency conversion module, the up-conversion channel comprises a first attenuator, a first equalizer, a first amplifier, a second attenuator, a first mixer, a third attenuator, a first band-pass filter, a second amplifier, a fourth attenuator, a second band-pass filter and a dynamic amplification module connected in sequence, and the dynamic amplification module comprises a power amplifier and a controllable attenuation network.

[0009] The down-conversion channel comprises a first radio frequency switch, a third amplifier, a second radio frequency switch, a fifth attenuator, a second mixer, a sixth attenuator, a low-pass filter, a fourth amplifier, an equalizer and an output end attenuation network connected in sequence.

[0010] As a preferred scheme of the W-band up-down frequency conversion module, the local oscillator link comprises a frequency synthesis unit, a plurality of frequency multipliers, a power division network and a plurality of third band-pass filters connected in sequence.

[0011] The plurality of third band-pass filters are arranged between each frequency multiplication stage and a local oscillator output end, and are used for filtering out high-order harmonics and stray components generated in the frequency multiplication process, and reducing the influence of local oscillator leakage on the up-conversion channel and the down-conversion channel.

[0012] In a second aspect, the application provides a frequency conversion method, comprising the following steps: in a local oscillator link, a reference clock signal inputted from outside is used to generate a local oscillator signal in a predetermined local oscillator frequency range through frequency synthesis and frequency multiplication, the local oscillator signal is divided into at least two paths through a power division network, and then provided to a first mixer in the up-conversion channel and a second mixer in the down-conversion channel respectively; in a transmitting path, an intermediate frequency input signal in a predetermined intermediate frequency range is inputted into the up-conversion channel, and then sequentially attenuated, equalized and amplified through a first attenuator, a first equalizer and a first amplifier, the intermediate frequency level entering the first mixer is set through a second attenuator, the intermediate frequency signal is frequency converted with the local oscillator signal in the first mixer, and then band-pass filtered and amplified through a first band-pass filter, a second amplifier, a fourth attenuator and a second band-pass filter, and then power adjusted through the dynamic amplification module, so as to obtain a radio frequency transmitting signal in a W-band frequency range; in the transmitting path, the radio frequency transmitting signal is inputted into the W-band dual-polarized antenna module, and then spatially radiated in the W-band through a selected polarization channel; in a receiving path, a radio frequency signal in the W-band frequency range is received through the W-band dual-polarized antenna module in a corresponding polarization channel, the received signal is inputted into the down-conversion channel, and then front-end amplified and path-selected through a first radio frequency switch, a third amplifier and a second radio frequency switch, the radio frequency level entering the second mixer is set through a fifth attenuator, the received signal is frequency converted from the W-band frequency range to the predetermined intermediate frequency range with the local oscillator signal in the second mixer, and then intermediate frequency attenuated, filtered, amplified and equalized through a sixth attenuator, a low-pass filter, a fourth amplifier and an equalizer, so as to obtain an intermediate frequency output signal in the predetermined intermediate frequency range through an output attenuating network.

[0013] As a preferred scheme of the W-band up-conversion and down-conversion module, the reference clock signal is inputted into a frequency synthesis unit to generate a local oscillator reference signal, the local oscillator reference signal is sequentially inputted into a plurality of frequency multipliers for frequency multiplication, the band-pass filters are arranged between adjacent frequency multipliers and a local oscillator output end, used to filter out harmonic and spurious components generated in the frequency multiplication process, and the filtered local oscillator signal is distributed into multiple paths through a power division network, and then inputted into the first mixer in the up-conversion channel and the second mixer in the down-conversion channel respectively.

[0014] As a preferred scheme of the W-band up-conversion and down-conversion module, the intermediate frequency input signal is sequentially attenuated and equalized through a first attenuator and a first equalizer, and then amplified through a first amplifier and a second amplifier.

[0015] The intermediate frequency level entering the first mixer is set by the second attenuator, so that the intermediate frequency signal and the local oscillator signal are frequency converted in the first mixer; the converted W-band side is sequentially passed through the first band-pass filter and the second band-pass filter to suppress the leakage component and the mixing spur component related to the local oscillator signal, and the power of the radio frequency transmission signal is adjusted by the dynamic amplification module to obtain a predetermined output power range and instantaneous dynamic range.

[0016] As a preferred scheme of the W-band up-down conversion module, in the application, the radio frequency signal from the W-band dual-polarized antenna module is sent to the third amplifier through the first radio frequency switch for front-end amplification of the received signal.

[0017] The received path is selected by the second radio frequency switch and the fifth attenuator, and the radio frequency level entering the second mixer is set, so that the received signal and the local oscillator signal are frequency converted from the W-band frequency range to the predetermined intermediate frequency range in the second mixer.

[0018] The high-order harmonics and the spur components far from the intermediate frequency operating bandwidth are filtered out by the low-pass filter on the intermediate frequency side, the in-band gain is compensated by the fourth amplifier and the equalizer, and the intermediate frequency output signal with the predetermined output power range and amplitude-frequency characteristics is obtained through the output end attenuation network.

[0019] As a preferred scheme of the W-band up-down conversion module, in the application, in the processing of the received path, the third amplifier with low noise characteristics is selected in the W-band radio frequency front end of the down-conversion channel, and the gain and insertion loss distribution of the fourth amplifier, the fifth attenuator and the sixth attenuator are combined to configure the working points of each stage according to the noise link analysis results, so that the received path completes the frequency conversion from the W-band frequency range to the predetermined intermediate frequency range, and obtains the equivalent noise coefficient and the linear dynamic range within the predetermined range.

[0020] As a preferred scheme of the W-band up-down conversion module, in the application, in the processing of the transmission path and the received path, the passband and out-of-band attenuation characteristics of the first band-pass filter and the second band-pass filter in the up-conversion channel and the low-pass filter in the down-conversion channel are designed, so that the transmission path suppresses the local oscillator leakage and the mixing spur component related to the intermediate frequency, the received path suppresses the high-order harmonics introduced in the local oscillator multiplication process and the multiple mixing products related to the local oscillator, and the spectral purity of the radio frequency transmission signal and the intermediate frequency output signal is improved.

[0021] As a preferred scheme of the W-band up-down conversion module, the radio frequency transmitting signal in the transmitting path and the radio frequency receiving signal in the receiving path are respectively mapped to different polarization directions by selecting different polarization ports of the W-band dual-polarized antenna module, and the transmitting and receiving of the W-band signal are completed by using the polarization isolation characteristics and radiation characteristics of the W-band dual-polarized antenna module.

[0022] The application has the advantages that: by adopting the structure of multi-stage frequency multiplication and band-pass filtering alternately connected in series in the local oscillator link, and combining with the power division network to realize high-purity and high-consistency local oscillator signal distribution, the interference of local oscillator leakage on the transmitting and receiving channel is reduced, the system phase stability and spectral purity are improved; the accurate dynamic adjustment of transmitting power and the output flatness control are realized, and the linear performance and spectral compliance under wide dynamic input are ensured. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the application, the drawings needed in the embodiment description will be briefly introduced as follows. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0024] Fig. 1 It is a schematic diagram of the W-band up-down conversion module.

[0025] Fig. 2 It is a schematic diagram of the up-conversion link scheme.

[0026] Fig. 3 It is a schematic diagram of the down-conversion link scheme.

[0027] Fig. 4 It is a schematic diagram of the local oscillator link scheme.

[0028] In the figure: first attenuator 1; first equalizer 2; first amplifier 3; second attenuator 4; first mixer 5; third attenuator 6; first band-pass filter 7; second amplifier 8; fourth attenuator 9; second band-pass filter 10; power amplifier 11; controllable attenuation network 12; first radio frequency switch 13; third amplifier 14; second radio frequency switch 15; fifth attenuator 16; second mixer 17; sixth attenuator 18; low-pass filter 19; fourth amplifier 20; equalizer 21; output end attenuation network 22; frequency synthesis unit 23; frequency multiplier 24; power division network 25; band-pass filter 26; dynamic amplification module 100. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

[0030] In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application. However, it will be appreciated that the present application can be practiced in a variety of ways beyond the specific details set forth herein, having regard to the content of the following description, and thus the present application should not be construed as being limited to the following description.

[0031] Secondly, the "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" as used in this description means that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one implementation of the present application. The appearances of the phrase "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are they necessarily all referring to a single, special implementation of the present application.

[0032] Embodiment 1, refer to Figs. 1-4 As a first embodiment of the present application, the embodiment provides a W-band up-down conversion module, comprising an up-conversion channel, a down-conversion channel, a local oscillator link, and a W-band dual-polarized antenna module.

[0033] The up-conversion channel is configured to perform frequency conversion on an intermediate frequency input signal in a predetermined intermediate frequency range, to obtain a radio frequency output signal in a W-band frequency range, and to maintain a predetermined linear net gain, output power flatness, and instantaneous dynamic range in a predetermined output power range.

[0034] The down-conversion channel is configured to perform frequency conversion on a radio frequency input signal in a W-band frequency range, to obtain an intermediate frequency output signal in a predetermined intermediate frequency range, and to maintain a predetermined linear net gain, output power flatness, and instantaneous dynamic range in a predetermined input power range.

[0035] The local oscillator link is configured to generate a local oscillator signal for driving the up-conversion channel and the down-conversion channel based on an externally input reference clock signal, the frequency of the local oscillator signal being in a local oscillator frequency range compatible with the W-band operating frequency.

[0036] The W-band dual-polarized antenna module is connected to the radio frequency output end of the up-conversion channel and the radio frequency input end of the down-conversion channel, and is configured to perform signal transmission and reception in a W-band in a dual-polarized and co-antenna form, and to have a predetermined gain, beam width, port standing wave ratio, and polarization isolation within a predetermined operating bandwidth.

[0037] In the embodiments, the system function and technical index can meet the following requirements: the radio frequency range is 92-96 GHz; the intermediate frequency range is 10.4-14.4 GHz; one-way down-conversion from 92-96 GHz radio frequency signal to 10.4-14.4 GHz intermediate frequency signal is realized; one-way up-conversion from 10.4-14.4 GHz intermediate frequency signal to 92-96 GHz radio frequency signal is realized; the 10.4-14.4 GHz signal is filtered, amplified and power controlled; the up-converted radio frequency output is connected to a W-band dual-polarized antenna module for spatial emission; a 100 MHz reference clock signal is externally input, and a frequency source in the module generates a frequency conversion local oscillator.

[0038] In terms of channel index, the intermediate frequency input power range of the up-conversion channel is -73 to -8 dBm, the radio frequency output power range is -90 to +5 dBm, the linear net gain is 13±2 dB, and the up-converted signal instantaneous dynamic range is not less than 55 dB; the radio frequency input power range of the down-conversion channel is -65 to +20 dBm, the intermediate frequency output power range is -55 to 0 dBm, the linear net gain is 10±2 dB, the down-conversion noise figure is not higher than 9 dB (including about 3 dB insertion loss of the straight waveguide), the down-conversion instantaneous dynamic range is not less than 55 dB; the up-conversion output power flatness and the down-conversion output power flatness are not more than ±2 dB within the working bandwidth; the isolation between the up-conversion and down-conversion channels is not less than 75 dB.

[0039] The module power supply can use a + (12±2) V power supply, and the current is not more than 3 A. A voltage stabilizing and filtering circuit is arranged in the module to stabilize and decouple the input power supply, so as to meet the requirements of radio frequency performance and long-term stable operation. In terms of environmental adaptability, the module can be designed according to the environmental conditions of military equipment, the working temperature is -40℃ to +55℃, the storage temperature is -55℃ to +70℃, the relative humidity is (95±3) % (alternating humidity +20℃ to +40℃), the low pressure adaptability reaches 53 kPa (equivalent to an altitude of 3-5 km), and the vibration, impact, salt spray, rain, mold and transportation environments are designed and tested to ensure that the product works normally in the specified environment.

[0040] The up-conversion channel comprises a first attenuator 1, a first equalizer 2, a first amplifier 3, a second attenuator 4, a first mixer 5, a third attenuator 6, a first band-pass filter 7, a second amplifier 8, a fourth attenuator 9, a second band-pass filter 10 and a dynamic amplification module 100 connected in sequence. The dynamic amplification module 100 comprises a power amplifier 11 and a controllable attenuation network 12.

[0041] The specific working process is that the intermediate frequency signal (10.4-14.4 GHz) is connected to the first attenuator 1 and the first equalizer 2, which are used for pre-processing the input level and the amplitude-frequency characteristic, and the intermediate frequency signal is amplified by the first amplifier 3, so that the power of the intermediate frequency signal is raised to a working level suitable for subsequent frequency conversion; the second attenuator 4 is used for accurately setting the intermediate frequency level entering the first mixer 5, so that the first mixer 5 works in the linear region within the given local oscillator driving and intermediate frequency input range; the first mixer 5 receives the local oscillator signal (for example, 81.6 GHz) from the local oscillator link, and performs frequency conversion with the intermediate frequency signal, so as to generate a W-band radio frequency signal of 92-96 GHz at the output end; the mixed output is processed by the third attenuator 6 and the first band-pass filter 7, the third attenuator 6 is used for level shaping, and the first band-pass filter 7 is used for suppressing the local oscillator leakage and the spurious components generated by the intermodulation and harmonics, and only passing the target sideband; the second amplifier 8 performs radio frequency amplification on the W-band signal, the fourth attenuator 9 performs fine control on the output power, and the second band-pass filter 10 further filters out the out-of-band spurs to improve the spectral purity; the dynamic amplification module 100 is located at the end of the up-conversion channel, which is composed of a power amplifier 11 and a controllable attenuation network 12, and can be attenuated between 0 dB and 30 dB, so as to realize a transient dynamic range of not less than 55 dB, while ensuring the output flatness at each output power level.

[0042] The down-conversion channel comprises a first radio frequency switch 13, a third amplifier 14, a second radio frequency switch 15, a fifth attenuator 16, a second mixer 17, a sixth attenuator 18, a low-pass filter 19, a fourth amplifier 20, an equalizer 21 and an output end attenuation network 22 connected in sequence.

[0043] The specific working process is that the radio frequency receiving signal (92-96GHz) from the W-band dual-polarization antenna module is first selected by the first radio frequency switch 13 and sent to the third amplifier 14, which is a low-noise amplifier in this embodiment, for improving the front-end gain and reducing the equivalent noise coefficient of the whole machine; the second radio frequency switch 15 selects the receiving path in combination with the fifth attenuator 16, and sets the radio frequency input level entering the second mixer 17, so as to ensure that the second mixer 17 works in the linear region; the second mixer 17 performs frequency conversion on the radio frequency signal and the local oscillator signal (81.6GHz), and outputs an intermediate frequency signal of 10.4-14.4GHz; the sixth attenuator 18 and the low-pass filter 19 are arranged at the mixing output end, and the low-pass filter 19 is used to filter out high-order harmonics and stray components far away from the intermediate frequency working bandwidth introduced due to frequency multiplication and frequency conversion; the filtered intermediate frequency signal is amplified by the fourth amplifier 20, and the equalizer 21 is used to compensate for the in-band gain fluctuation, so that the intermediate frequency output obtains a flatness of not more than ±2dB within the bandwidth of 10.4-14.4GHz; the output end attenuation network 22 is used to finely adjust the intermediate frequency output level, and cooperates with the external control logic to form an instantaneous dynamic range of not less than 55dB.

[0044] The local oscillator link includes a frequency synthesis unit 23, a plurality of frequency multipliers 24, a power division network 25, and a plurality of third band-pass filters 26 connected in sequence;

[0045] The plurality of third band-pass filters 26 are arranged between each frequency multiplication stage and the local oscillator output end, and are used to filter out high-order harmonics and stray components generated in the frequency multiplication process, and reduce the influence of local oscillator leakage on the up-conversion channel and the down-conversion channel.

[0046] The specific working process is that the reference clock signal is input into the frequency synthesis unit 23, and a 10.2GHz local oscillator reference signal is generated by a phase-locked loop or a frequency synthesis scheme; the 10.2GHz signal first enters the 2-frequency multiplier 24, and outputs a 20.4GHz signal, which is filtered by the local oscillator band-pass filter 26 to filter out high-order harmonics and stray components; the 20.4GHz signal is divided into two paths by the power division network 25, and is sent into the 4-frequency multiplier 24 respectively, so that the frequency is raised to 81.6GHz, and the two 81.6GHz outputs are respectively connected with the local oscillator band-pass filter 26 to suppress harmonics and stray components; the W-band power division network 25 is used to re-distribute the 81.6GHz local oscillator signal according to the power requirement, so that the local oscillator signal is sent to the first mixer 5 and the second mixer 17 respectively, and is used as the local oscillator driving of the up-conversion channel and the down-conversion channel; by arranging the local oscillator band-pass filter 26 after the 2-frequency multiplication and the 4-frequency multiplication, and combining the index of the reference clock source (100MHz, 0-3dBm, harmonics not higher than-30dBc, and stray not higher than-65dBc), a 81.6GHz local oscillator signal with pure spectrum and sufficient power can be obtained, which fully meets the driving requirements of the mixer.

[0047] Further, the W-band dual-polarized antenna module adopts a waveguide feed and a horn radiation structure to form a dual-polarized co-antenna. The horn antenna is composed of a waveguide tube part and a radiation horn part. The waveguide tube part can be rectangular or circular in cross section and is used as a feed line to transmit energy from the frequency conversion module to the radiation aperture. The radiation part completes the radiation of W-band electromagnetic energy to free space.

[0048] The dual-polarized co-antenna design takes into account the beam width and gain consistency of two orthogonal polarization directions, has high radiation efficiency and high polarization isolation, is suitable for radar testing and target simulation scenarios, can reduce mechanical adjustment during frequent polarization switching, and improves test efficiency. Antenna testing is performed in a compact range test environment using a vector network analyzer as the core, combined with an active frequency multiplier to extend to the W-band, using a standard corrugated horn as a feed source antenna to illuminate the compact range reflector. The antenna under test is installed on a rotatable turntable. The antenna standing wave, directional diagram and polarization isolation are tested by connecting the Keysight 11970W harmonic mixer, frequency distribution unit and vector network analyzer. The measurement results show that in the frequency range of 92-96 GHz, the antenna port standing wave is less than 1.5, with a typical value of about 1.4; the polarization port isolation is not less than 20 dB; the horizontal polarization and vertical polarization directional diagrams have a gain of more than 14 dB in the operating frequency band; and the beam width is not less than 24°, meeting the requirements for gain, beam width, port standing wave ratio and polarization isolation. By selecting different polarization ports of the W-band dual-polarized antenna module, the radio frequency transmission signal output by the up-conversion channel and the radio frequency signal received by the down-conversion channel are mapped to different polarization directions, respectively, and the spatial separation of transmission and reception is realized through the polarization isolation characteristics.

[0049] In terms of structural and environmental adaptability design, the module structure can adopt an integrated case scheme. The internal components are modularized according to functions, including an up-conversion module, a down-conversion module, a local oscillator module and an antenna interface module. The modules are connected through radio frequency connectors or waveguide flanges. The case size can be designed to be not more than 350mm x 350mm x 90mm, achieving compact installation while ensuring heat dissipation and mechanical strength.

[0050] In terms of structure and material selection, the module meets the operating temperature of-40℃ to +55℃, the storage temperature of-55℃ to +70℃, alternating humidity and low air pressure conditions, and is designed for protection against environments such as vibration, impact, salt spray, rain and mold. In combination with reliability standards, key components are selected for reduced power and thermal design to ensure stable operation of the module throughout its life cycle.

[0051] Embodiment 2 provides a frequency conversion method based on the W-band up-down conversion module in Embodiment 1, which specifically includes the following steps,

[0052] In the local oscillator link, according to the reference clock signal inputted from outside, the local oscillator signal in the predetermined local oscillator frequency range is obtained through frequency synthesis and frequency multiplication processing, and is divided into at least two paths through the power division network 25, and is provided to the first mixer 5 in the up-conversion channel and the second mixer 17 in the down-conversion channel respectively.

[0053] In the transmitting path, the intermediate frequency input signal in the predetermined intermediate frequency range is inputted into the up-conversion channel, and is subjected to attenuation, equalization and amplification processing through the first attenuator 1, the first equalizer 2 and the first amplifier 3 in sequence, the intermediate frequency level entering the first mixer 5 is set through the second attenuator 4, the intermediate frequency signal is subjected to frequency conversion with the local oscillator signal in the first mixer 5, and is subjected to band pass filtering and amplification processing through the first band pass filter 7, the second amplifier 8, the fourth attenuator 9 and the second band pass filter 10, and is subjected to power adjustment through the dynamic amplification module 100, and the radio frequency transmitting signal in the W wave band frequency range is obtained.

[0054] In the transmitting path, the radio frequency transmitting signal is inputted into the W wave band dual polarization antenna module, and is radiated in the W wave band through the selected polarization channel.

[0055] In the receiving path, the radio frequency signal in the W wave band frequency range is received through the corresponding polarization channel of the W wave band dual polarization antenna module, the received signal is inputted into the down-conversion channel, and is subjected to front end amplification and path selection through the first radio frequency switch 13, the third amplifier 14 and the second radio frequency switch 15 in sequence, the radio frequency level entering the second mixer 17 is set through the fifth attenuator 16, the received signal is subjected to frequency conversion from the W wave band frequency range to the predetermined intermediate frequency range with the local oscillator signal in the second mixer 17, and is subjected to intermediate frequency attenuation, filtering, amplification and equalization processing through the sixth attenuator 18, the low pass filter 19, the fourth amplifier 20 and the equalizer 21, and the intermediate frequency output signal in the predetermined intermediate frequency range is obtained through the output end attenuation network 22.

[0056] The reference clock signal is inputted into the frequency synthesis unit 23 to generate the local oscillator reference signal, the local oscillator reference signal is inputted into a plurality of the frequency multipliers 24 in sequence to be subjected to frequency multiplication processing, the band pass filters are arranged between adjacent frequency multipliers and the local oscillator output end to filter the harmonic and spurious components generated in the frequency multiplication process, and the filtered local oscillator signal is distributed into multiple paths through the power division network 25 and is inputted into the first mixer 5 in the up-conversion channel and the second mixer 17 in the down-conversion channel respectively.

[0057] The intermediate frequency input signal is subjected to pre-processing of amplitude and frequency response through the first attenuator 1 and the first equalizer 2 in sequence, and is amplified through the first amplifier 3 and the second amplifier 8;

[0058] The intermediate frequency level entering the first mixer 5 is set by the second attenuator 4, so that the intermediate frequency signal is frequency converted with the local oscillator signal in the first mixer 5; the converted W-band side is sequentially passed through the first band-pass filter 7 and the second band-pass filter 10 to suppress the leakage components and the mixing spurious components related to the local oscillator signal, and the power of the radio frequency transmitting signal is adjusted by the dynamic amplification module 100 to obtain a predetermined output power range and instantaneous dynamic range.

[0059] The radio frequency signal from the W-band dual-polarized antenna module is sent into the third amplifier 14 through the first radio frequency switch 13 to perform front-end amplification on the received signal.

[0060] The radio frequency level entering the second mixer 17 is selected and set by the second radio frequency switch 15 and the fifth attenuator 16, so that the received signal is frequency converted from the W-band frequency range to a predetermined intermediate frequency range with the local oscillator signal in the second mixer 17.

[0061] The high-order harmonics and the spurious components far away from the intermediate frequency operating bandwidth are filtered out by the low-pass filter 19 on the intermediate frequency side, the in-band gain is compensated by the fourth amplifier 20 and the equalizer 21, and the intermediate frequency output signal with a predetermined output power range and amplitude-frequency characteristics is obtained through the output end attenuation network 22.

[0062] In the processing of the receiving path, the third amplifier 14 with low noise characteristics is selected in the W-band radio frequency front-end of the down-conversion channel, and the gain and insertion loss distribution of the fourth amplifier 20, the fifth attenuator 16 and the sixth attenuator 18 are combined to configure the operating points of each stage according to the noise link analysis results, so that the receiving path obtains the equivalent noise coefficient and the linear dynamic range within a predetermined range while completing the frequency conversion from the W-band frequency range to the predetermined intermediate frequency range.

[0063] In the processing of the transmitting path and the receiving path, the passband and out-of-band attenuation characteristics of the first band-pass filter 7 and the second band-pass filter 10 in the up-conversion channel and the low-pass filter 19 in the down-conversion channel are designed, so that the transmitting path suppresses the local oscillator leakage and the mixing spurious components related to the intermediate frequency, and the receiving path suppresses the high-order harmonics introduced in the local oscillator multiplication process and the multiple mixing products related to the local oscillator, thereby improving the spectral purity of the radio frequency transmitting signal and the intermediate frequency output signal.

[0064] By selecting different polarization ports of the W-band dual-polarized antenna module, the radio frequency transmitting signal in the transmitting path and the radio frequency receiving signal in the receiving path are respectively mapped to different polarization directions, and the polarization isolation characteristics and the radiation characteristics of the W-band dual-polarized antenna module are used to complete the transmission and reception of the W-band signal.

[0065] To sum up, the application realizes the high-purity and high-consistency local oscillator signal distribution by adopting the structure of multi-stage frequency multiplication and band-pass filter alternately connected in series in the local oscillator link and combining with the power division network, reduces the interference of the local oscillator leakage on the transmitting and receiving channels, and improves the system phase stability and spectral purity; the precise dynamic adjustment of the transmitting power and the output flatness control are realized, and the linear performance under the wide dynamic input and the spectral compliance are ensured.

[0066] It should be noted that the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application and are not limiting. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solutions of the present application can be modified or replaced equivalently without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present application, and they should be covered in the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A W-band up-down frequency conversion module, characterized in that: The W-band dual-polarized antenna module is connected with a radio frequency output end of the up-conversion channel and a radio frequency input end of the down-conversion channel, and is used for transmitting and receiving signals in a W-band in a dual-polarized and co-aperture form and has a predetermined gain, beam width, port standing wave ratio and polarization isolation within a predetermined working bandwidth. The up-conversion channel is used for frequency conversion of an intermediate frequency input signal within a predetermined intermediate frequency range to obtain a radio frequency output signal within a W-band frequency range, and maintains a predetermined linear net gain, output power flatness and instantaneous dynamic range within a predetermined output power range. The up-conversion channel comprises a first attenuator (1), a first equalizer (2), a first amplifier (3), a second attenuator (4), a first mixer (5), a third attenuator (6), a first band-pass filter (7), a second amplifier (8), a fourth attenuator (9), a second band-pass filter (10) and a dynamic amplification module (100) connected in sequence. The down-conversion channel is used for frequency conversion of a radio frequency input signal within a W-band frequency range to obtain an intermediate frequency output signal within a predetermined intermediate frequency range, and maintains a predetermined linear net gain, output power flatness and instantaneous dynamic range within a predetermined input power range. The local oscillator link is used for generating a local oscillator signal for driving the up-conversion channel and the down-conversion channel based on an externally input reference clock signal, and the frequency of the local oscillator signal is within a local oscillator frequency range adapted to the W-band working frequency. The local oscillator link comprises a frequency synthesis unit (23), a frequency multiplier (24), a power division network (25) and a third band-pass filter (26) connected in sequence. A plurality of third band-pass filters (26) are arranged between each frequency multiplication stage and a local oscillator output end, and are used for filtering out high-order harmonics and stray components generated in the frequency multiplication process and reducing the influence of local oscillator leakage on the up-conversion channel and the down-conversion channel. The W-band dual-polarized antenna module is connected with a radio frequency output end of the up-conversion channel and a radio frequency input end of the down-conversion channel, and is used for transmitting and receiving signals in a W-band in a dual-polarized and co-aperture form and has a predetermined gain, beam width, port standing wave ratio and polarization isolation within a predetermined working bandwidth. The down-conversion channel comprises a first radio frequency switch (13), a third amplifier (14), a second radio frequency switch (15), a fifth attenuator (16), a second mixer (17), a sixth attenuator (18), a low-pass filter (19), a fourth amplifier (20), an equalizer (21) and an output end attenuator network (22) connected in sequence.

2. A frequency conversion method based on the W-band up-down conversion module of claim 1, characterized in that: In the local oscillator link, a local oscillator signal within a predetermined local oscillator frequency range is obtained through frequency synthesis and frequency multiplication processing according to an externally input reference clock signal, is divided into at least two paths through the power division network (25) and is respectively provided to the first mixer (5) in the up-conversion channel and the second mixer (17) in the down-conversion channel. ​ In the transmitting path, the intermediate frequency input signal in the predetermined intermediate frequency range is input into the up-conversion channel, and is sequentially attenuated, equalized and amplified by the first attenuator (1), the first equalizer (2) and the first amplifier (3), the intermediate frequency level entering the first frequency mixer (5) is set by the second attenuator (4), the intermediate frequency signal is frequency converted with the local oscillator signal in the first frequency mixer (5), and is sequentially band-pass filtered and amplified by the first band-pass filter (7), the second amplifier (8), the fourth attenuator (9) and the second band-pass filter (10), and then is power regulated by the dynamic amplification module (100), so as to obtain the radio frequency transmitting signal in the W waveband frequency range; In the transmitting path, the radio frequency transmitting signal is sent into the W waveband dual-polarized antenna module, and is spatially radiated in the W waveband through the selected polarization channel; In the receiving path, the radio frequency signal in the W waveband frequency range is received by the corresponding polarization channel through the W waveband dual-polarized antenna module, the received signal is input into the down-conversion channel, and is sequentially front-end amplified and path-selected by the first radio frequency switch (13), the third amplifier (14) and the second radio frequency switch (15), the radio frequency level entering the second frequency mixer (17) is set by the fifth attenuator (16), the received signal is frequency converted with the local oscillator signal in the second frequency mixer (17) from the W waveband frequency range to the predetermined intermediate frequency range, and is sequentially intermediate frequency attenuated, filtered, amplified and equalized by the sixth attenuator (18), the low-pass filter (19), the fourth amplifier (20) and the equalizer (21), and then obtains the intermediate frequency output signal in the predetermined intermediate frequency range through the output end attenuation network (22).

3. The frequency conversion method of claim 2, wherein: The reference clock signal is input into the frequency synthesis unit (23) to generate the local oscillator reference signal, the local oscillator reference signal is sequentially input into a plurality of the frequency multipliers (24) for frequency multiplication processing, the third band-pass filter (26) is arranged between adjacent frequency multipliers and the local oscillator output end, for filtering out the harmonic and spurious components generated in the frequency multiplication process, the filtered local oscillator signal is distributed into multiple paths through the power division network (25), and is sent to the first frequency mixer (5) in the up-conversion channel and the second frequency mixer (17) in the down-conversion channel respectively.

4. The frequency conversion method of claim 2, wherein: The intermediate frequency input signal is sequentially input into the first attenuator (1) and the first equalizer (2) for pre-processing of the amplitude and frequency response, and then is amplified by the first amplifier (3) and the second amplifier (8); The intermediate frequency level entering the first frequency mixer (5) is set by the second attenuator (4), the intermediate frequency signal is frequency converted with the local oscillator signal in the first frequency mixer (5), and the leakage component and the mixing spurious component related to the local oscillator signal are sequentially suppressed by the first band-pass filter (7) and the second band-pass filter (10) on the side of the converted W waveband, and the power of the radio frequency transmitting signal is regulated by the dynamic amplification module (100), so as to obtain the predetermined output power range and the instantaneous dynamic range.

5. The frequency conversion method of claim 2, wherein: The radio frequency signal from the W-band dual-polarized antenna module is sent into the third amplifier (14) through the first radio frequency switch (13) to perform front-end amplification on the received signal; The receiving path is selected and the radio frequency level entering the second mixer (17) is set through the second radio frequency switch (15) and the fifth attenuator (16), so that the received signal and the local oscillator signal complete frequency conversion from the W-band frequency range to a predetermined intermediate frequency range in the second mixer (17); The high-order harmonics and stray components far from the intermediate frequency operating bandwidth are filtered out through the low-pass filter (19) on the intermediate frequency side, the in-band gain is compensated through the fourth amplifier (20) and the equalizer (21), and the intermediate frequency output signal with a predetermined output power range and amplitude-frequency characteristics is obtained through the output end attenuation network (22).

6. The frequency conversion method of claim 2, characterized by: In the processing of the receiving path, the third amplifier (14) with low noise characteristics is selected in the W-band radio frequency front end of the down-conversion channel, and the gain and insertion loss distribution of the fourth amplifier (20), the fifth attenuator (16) and the sixth attenuator (18) are combined to configure the operating points of each stage according to the noise link analysis results, so that the receiving path completes frequency conversion from the W-band frequency range to a predetermined intermediate frequency range while obtaining an equivalent noise coefficient and a linear dynamic range within a predetermined range.

7. The frequency conversion method of claim 2, characterized by: In the processing of the transmitting path and the receiving path, the passband and out-of-band attenuation characteristics of the first band-pass filter (7) and the second band-pass filter (10) in the up-conversion channel and the low-pass filter (19) in the down-conversion channel are designed to suppress the local oscillator leakage and the intermediate frequency related mixing spurious components in the transmitting path, and to suppress the high-order harmonics introduced in the local oscillator multiplication process and the local oscillator related multiple mixing products in the receiving path, thereby improving the spectral purity of the radio frequency transmitting signal and the intermediate frequency output signal.

8. The frequency conversion method of claim 2, characterized by: By selecting different polarization ports of the W-band dual-polarized antenna module, the radio frequency transmitting signal in the transmitting path and the radio frequency receiving signal in the receiving path are respectively mapped to different polarization directions, and the polarization isolation characteristics and radiation characteristics of the W-band dual-polarized antenna module are used to complete the transmission and reception of W-band signals.

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