Intelligently-controlled dry land rice film mulching and direct seeding synchronous operation seeding device

Abstract

The invention provides an intelligently-controlled dry land rice film mulching and direct seeding synchronous operation seeding device which is used for solving the problem that the seeding line spacing cannot be rapidly adjusted, the seeding device comprises a rack, a ditching system, a seeding system, a film mulching system and a walking system are arranged on the rack, the walking system comprises a transmission shaft, and a driving bin is arranged in the transmission shaft; a sliding groove is formed in the side wall of the transmission shaft, the transmission shaft is sleeved with a plurality of sliding rings, a driving device is arranged in the movable bin and fixedly connected with the flat key, the sliding rings are connected with pressing cylinders through transmission rods, the transmission shaft between the adjacent sliding rings is sleeved with a movable ring, the outer side of the movable ring is rotationally connected with a connecting rod, and the connecting rod is arranged between the adjacent pressing cylinders. And one end of the connecting rod outside the pressing cylinder is correspondingly connected with the ditching system. The sliding ring slides through the driving device in the driving bin, and then the pressing cylinder, the ditching system and the film opening system are driven to move, so that different row spacing requirements are met, and the flexibility and applicability of the device are enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural planting technology, and in particular to an intelligent controlled device for simultaneous direct seeding and sowing of rice under mulch in dryland areas. Background Technology

[0002] Dryland rice cultivation plays a crucial role in my country's agricultural development as an important means of ensuring food security and expanding rice-growing areas. With the acceleration of agricultural modernization, improving the efficiency and quality of dryland rice cultivation and reducing labor costs have become critical issues urgently needing to be addressed in the agricultural sector. Traditional dryland rice cultivation methods typically employ a step-by-step operation mode: first, furrowing; then, sowing; and finally, manual mulching. However, some devices can only perform part of the furrowing, sowing, or mulching functions, failing to complete the entire planting process in one go. Manual assistance is still required for other steps, hindering truly efficient operation. Furthermore, the row spacing requirements for rice planting vary across different regions, and the furrow spacing of existing mulched direct seeding devices is usually fixed, making it difficult to adjust according to actual needs. When changing the row spacing is required, complex modifications or component replacements are necessary, which is not only cumbersome but also increases operating costs. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention proposes an intelligent control device for simultaneous direct seeding and sowing of dryland rice under mulch, which solves the problems in the prior art that it is impossible to complete the four processes of furrowing, sowing, mulching, and opening in one go, as well as the inability to quickly adjust the spacing between sowing rows.

[0004] The technical solution of this invention is implemented as follows: A smart-controlled, synchronous direct seeding and sowing device for dryland rice with mulching includes a frame. The frame is equipped with a furrowing system, a sowing system, a mulching system, and a walking system. The walking system includes a drive shaft with wheels fixed at both ends. A drive chamber is located inside the drive shaft, and a sliding groove communicating with the drive chamber is provided on the side wall of the drive shaft. Multiple sliding rings are fitted on the drive shaft, and a flat key that slides along the sliding groove is fixed inside each sliding ring. A drive device is located inside the drive chamber and is fixedly connected to the flat key. Pressure cylinders are connected to each sliding ring via drive rods. A movable ring is fitted on the drive shaft between adjacent sliding rings. A connecting rod is rotatably connected to the outer side of the movable ring via a bearing. The connecting rod is positioned between adjacent pressure cylinders, and one end of the connecting rod outside the pressure cylinder is connected to the furrowing system. A film opening system is fixed to the bottom of the movable ring, with a corresponding gap between the film opening system and the adjacent pressure cylinder. The mulching system is fixed on the frame between the furrowing system and the walking system.

[0005] Furthermore, the driving device includes a rack fixed to the inner wall of the driving chamber and a driving motor. The axial direction of the rack is parallel to the axial direction of the transmission shaft. The inner wall of the driving chamber is provided with a limiting groove. The driving motor moves along the limiting groove via a limiting slide rod. A gear is fixed on the rotating shaft of the driving motor, and the gear meshes with the rack. The side wall of the driving motor is fixedly connected to a flat key via a connector. By the meshing of the rack fixed to the inner wall of the driving chamber with the gear on the rotating shaft of the driving motor, combined with the movement constraint of the driving motor by the limiting groove, the driving motor can accurately drive the flat key to make the sliding ring slide on the transmission shaft when it is started, thereby achieving precise control of the sowing row spacing.

[0006] Furthermore, a limiting component is provided between the sliding ring and the moving ring. This limiting component includes a limiting telescopic rod fixed to the side wall of the sliding ring. A planar bearing is fixedly connected to the end of the limiting telescopic rod near the moving ring, and the end of the planar bearing away from the limiting telescopic rod abuts against the side wall of the moving ring. By utilizing the fixed position of the sliding ring to provide stable support for the limiting telescopic rod, and by precisely controlling the extension and retraction of the telescopic rod to drive the moving ring, the offset caused by inertia is effectively prevented, greatly improving the uniformity of sowing and the overall stability of the device.

[0007] Furthermore, the trenching system includes trenching limiting rods. Symmetrical elongated holes are provided on the frame, and lifting rods are fixed to the frame at each of the elongated holes. A rotating bearing is fixed to the top of each lifting rod. Both ends of the trenching limiting rods pass through the elongated holes and are housed within the rotating bearings. The lifting rods drive the trenching limiting rods to move up and down along the elongated holes. The trenching limiting rods are connected to a drive shaft via belt drive or chain drive. A drive sprocket is fitted onto the trenching limiting rod, and the drive sprocket is connected to the trenching limiting rod via a key. Connecting plates are fitted onto the trenching limiting rods on both sides of the drive sprocket. Connecting rods are fixedly connected to the connecting plates. A driven sprocket is rotatably connected to the bottom of the connecting plates. The drive sprocket is connected to the driven sprocket via a chain, and multiple digging shovels are fixed to the outer wall of the chain. The position of the trenching limit rod can be flexibly adjusted by the elongated hole on the frame and the lifting rod to meet the trenching depth requirements of different soils; the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the connecting plate, and the position of the digging shovel can be adjusted simultaneously when adjusting the sliding ring to ensure that the gap of the pressure cylinder corresponds to the position of the digging shovel.

[0008] Furthermore, the sowing device includes a hopper, with a flexible seed metering tube fixed to the bottom of the hopper. The bottom of the flexible seed metering tube is connected to a seed metering chamber, with a seed outlet at the bottom of the seed metering chamber. A seed metering disc rotates inside the seed metering chamber, and the side wall of the seed metering disc has several seed metering notches that correspond to the seed outlet. The seed metering disc is driven by a seed metering motor, and a guide plate is fixed to the side wall of the connecting rod. The flexible seed metering tube is slidably connected to the guide plate. The hopper, combined with the flexible seed metering tube and seed metering chamber, and the seed metering disc with seed metering notches driven by the seed metering motor, can precisely control seed discharge. At the same time, the guide plate guides the movement of the flexible seed metering tube, ensuring that the seed outlet is always aligned with the sowing furrow, effectively preventing seeds from falling outside the furrow and causing waste. This greatly improves the flexibility and accuracy of sowing, reduces seed loss, and thus enhances planting efficiency and sowing uniformity.

[0009] Furthermore, rotating rods are hinged to the lower part of the frame at both ends of the trenching limiting rod. The end of the rotating rod away from the frame is rotatably connected to the drive shaft via a first hinge ring. Several lifting telescopic rods are hinged to the upper end of the frame. The end of the lifting telescopic rod away from the frame is rotatably connected to the drive shaft via a second hinge ring. By retracting the lifting telescopic rods, the drive rod can be lifted, reducing friction between the pressure cylinder and the ground, and facilitating the adjustment of the positions of the moving ring and the sliding ring.

[0010] Furthermore, a connecting frame is fixed on the moving ring, positioned between adjacent pressure cylinders. One end of the connecting frame, located outside the pressure cylinder, is connected to a pressure roller frame via an elastic telescopic rod. A pressure roller is rotatably connected to the pressure roller frame. During sowing operations, the moving ring, along with the sliding ring, is pushed to a preset row spacing position by the drive shaft. The connecting frame holds the pressure roller frame across the space between two adjacent pressure cylinders. Under the adaptive pressure of the elastic telescopic rod, the pressure roller always rolls in close contact with the inner wall of the sowing furrow.

[0011] Furthermore, the film coating system includes an air shaft rotatably connected to the frame. A roll of film is fitted onto the air shaft, and ratchet discs are fitted at both ends of the air shaft. Each ratchet disc is fixed to the frame and has multiple ratchet teeth. A pawl that engages with the ratchet teeth is hinged to the end of the air shaft. Through the cooperation of the ratchet teeth and pawl, when the agricultural vehicle is stationary, the pawl immediately engages with the tooth groove, effectively preventing the film roll from unwinding due to inertia.

[0012] Furthermore, a camera mount is fixed on the frame. The camera mount includes a support frame, and the top of the support frame is connected to a camera compartment via a gimbal motor unit. The camera compartment contains a live-streaming camera. By using the gimbal motor unit connected to the camera compartment, the entire process of sowing, mulching, and pressing can be filmed, comprehensively enhancing the transparency and interactivity of agricultural production and assisting in agricultural brand promotion and quality control.

[0013] Beneficial effects: Driven by an agricultural vehicle, this invention can complete four processes—ditching, sowing, mulching, and opening—in one operation, significantly improving work efficiency, reducing labor costs, and ensuring uniform sowing and smooth mulching, creating favorable conditions for rice growth. Simultaneously, when the sowing furrow spacing needs adjustment, the drive unit inside the drive chamber moves the flat key, causing the sliding ring to slide. This, in turn, drives the pressure cylinder, furrowing system, and film opening system via transmission rods and connecting rods, adapting to different row spacing requirements and enhancing the device's flexibility and applicability. By meshing a rack fixed to the inner wall of the drive chamber with a gear on the drive motor's rotating shaft, combined with a limiting groove constraining the drive motor's movement, the drive motor can precisely drive the flat key to slide the sliding ring on the transmission shaft when started, achieving precise control of the sowing row spacing. Through the elongated hole on the frame and its cooperation with the lifting rod, the up-and-down position of the furrowing limit rod can be flexibly adjusted to meet the furrowing depth requirements of different soil types. The connecting rod is fixedly connected to the connecting plate, allowing simultaneous adjustment of the digging shovel position when adjusting the sliding ring, ensuring the pressure cylinder gap corresponds to the digging shovel position. Attached Figure Description

[0014] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0015] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram illustrating the use of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified view of a portion of point A in the middle; Figure 4 This is a sectional view of the walking system; Figure 5 for Figure 4 A magnified view of a portion of point B in the middle; Figure 6 This is a partial three-dimensional structural diagram of the trenching system; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the seeding system; Figure 8 for Figure 7 A magnified view of a portion of point C in the middle; Figure 9 An exploded view of the coating system. Figure 10 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the membrane opening system; Figure 11 is a sectional view of the drive shaft; Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the flexible seed metering tube when the sowing position is changed; The components include: 1. Drive shaft, 2. Traveling wheel, 3. Drive chamber, 4. Sliding groove, 5. Sliding ring, 6. Drive unit, 7. Drive rod, 8. Pressure cylinder, 9. Moving ring, 10. Connecting rod, 11. Membrane opening system, 12. Rack, 13. Drive motor, 14. Connecting piece, 15. Limiting telescopic rod, 16. Flat bearing, 17. Trenching limiting rod, 18. Oblong hole, 19. Lifting rod, 20. Rotary bearing, 21. Drive sprocket, 22. From 23. Drive sprocket, 24. Digging shovel, 25. Hopper, 26. Flexible seed metering pipe, 27. Seed metering bin, 28. Seed outlet, 29. Seed metering disc, 30. Seed metering notch, 31. Seed metering motor, 32. Guide plate, 33. Rotating rod, 34. Lifting telescopic rod, 35. Connecting frame, 36. Pressure roller frame, 37. Air shaft, 38. Racket disc, 39. Pawl, 40. Bracket, 41. Camera compartment, 42. Limiting slide groove, 43. Limiting slide bar, 44. Flat key. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] In the description of this embodiment, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "up," "down," "front," "back," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the invention.

[0018] like Figure 1-12As shown, this invention provides an intelligent controlled direct seeding and sowing device for dryland rice with mulching, comprising a frame, a furrowing system, a sowing system, a mulching system, and a walking system. The walking system includes a drive shaft 1, with wheels 2 fixed at both ends of the drive shaft 1. A drive chamber 3 is provided inside the drive shaft 1, and a sliding groove 4 communicating with the drive chamber 3 is provided on the side wall of the drive shaft 1. Multiple sliding rings 5 ​​are sleeved on the drive shaft 1, and a flat key 43 that slides along the sliding groove 4 is fixed inside the sliding ring 5. A drive device 6 is provided inside the drive chamber 3. The sliding ring 6 is fixedly connected to the flat key 43. Each sliding ring 5 is connected to a pressure cylinder 8 via a transmission rod 7. A moving ring 9 is sleeved on the transmission shaft 1 between adjacent sliding rings 5. A connecting rod 10 is rotatably connected to the outside of the moving ring 9 via a bearing. The connecting rod 10 is positioned between adjacent pressure cylinders 8, with one end of the connecting rod 10 on the outside of the pressure cylinder 8 connected to the trenching system. A membrane opening system 11 is fixed to the bottom of the moving ring 9, with a corresponding gap between the membrane opening system 11 and the adjacent pressure cylinder 8. The membrane covering system is fixed to the frame between the trenching system and the walking system. A sealing strip can be installed inside the sliding groove 4 to prevent soil and dust from entering the drive chamber 3.

[0019] During operation, the frame is fixed to an agricultural vehicle. Driven by the vehicle, the furrowing system creates planting furrows in the soil. After furrowing, the sowing system scatters seeds into the furrows. Then, the mulching system covers the soil and seeds with a biodegradable film. Subsequently, the film opening system 11 cuts ventilation holes in the film corresponding to the seeds, ensuring good contact between the seeds and the soil. The rotation of the pressure cylinder 8 applies pressure to the film, making it adhere more tightly to the soil. The entire device completes the four processes of furrowing, sowing, mulching, and opening in one operation, significantly improving work efficiency, reducing labor costs, and producing uniform sowing and smooth mulching, creating favorable conditions for rice growth. When the spacing of the sowing furrows needs to be adjusted, the drive device 6 in the drive chamber 3 drives the flat key 43 to move along the sliding groove 4, so that the sliding ring 5 slides on the drive shaft 1. The sliding ring 5 drives the pressure cylinder 8 to rotate through the drive rod 7. Then, the side wall of the adjacent pressure cylinder 8 pushes the moving ring 9 to move by abutting against the connecting rod 10, so that the connecting rod 10 synchronously adjusts the position of the pressure cylinder 8, the furrowing system and the film opening system 11 to adapt to different row spacing requirements.

[0020] The drive device 6 includes a rack 12 fixed to the inner wall of the drive chamber 3 and a drive motor 13. The axial direction of the rack 12 is parallel to the axial direction of the transmission shaft 1. The inner wall of the drive chamber 3 is provided with a limiting groove 41. The drive motor 13 moves along the limiting groove 41 via a limiting slide rod 42. A gear is fixed on the rotating shaft of the drive motor 13, and the gear meshes with the rack 12. The side wall of the drive motor 13 is fixedly connected to a flat key 43 via a connector 14. The drive motor 13 is a conventional stepper motor or servo motor.

[0021] When the sowing spacing needs to be adjusted, the drive motor 13 is started. The gear on the rotating shaft of the drive motor 13 meshes with the rack 12. Since the rack 12 is fixed, the drive motor 13 will move along the limiting groove 41. The drive motor 13 drives the flat key 43 to make the sliding ring 5 slide on the transmission shaft 1. During this process, the limiting groove 41 constrains the sliding direction of the drive motor 13. The movement of the drive motor 13 drives the sliding ring 5, the pressure cylinder 8, the transmission rod 7 and the furrowing system in sequence, realizing precise control of the sowing row spacing and reducing the tedious operation of manual adjustment. The specific cooperation between the limiting groove 41 and the drive motor 13 can be the cooperation between the T-shaped groove and the T-shaped block, etc. The T-shaped block is fixedly connected to the drive motor 13, ensuring the accuracy and stability of the adjustment and reducing the tedious operation of manual adjustment.

[0022] A limiting component is provided between the sliding ring 5 and the moving ring 9. The limiting component includes a limiting telescopic rod 15 fixed to the side wall of the sliding ring 5. A plane bearing 16 is fixedly connected to the end of the limiting telescopic rod 15 near the moving ring 9, and the end of the plane bearing 16 away from the limiting telescopic rod 15 abuts against the side wall of the moving ring 9. The limiting telescopic rod 15 can be an existing electrically controlled telescopic rod that can be synchronously controlled or multiple hydraulic rods controlled by a synchronous circuit. In use, the fixed position of the sliding ring 5 provides fixed support for the limiting telescopic rod 15, and the extension and retraction of the limiting telescopic rod 15 pushes the moving ring 9 to move precisely, which can prevent the two from shifting due to inertia, improve the uniformity of sowing and the stability of the device. At the same time, the plane bearing 16 between the limiting telescopic rod 15 and the moving ring 9 significantly reduces the friction between the two, further ensuring the stability of the distance between the sliding ring 5 and the moving ring 9.

[0023] The trenching system includes a trenching limiting rod 17. A symmetrical elongated hole 18 is provided on the frame. A lifting rod 19 is fixed to each of the elongated holes 18 on the frame. A rotating bearing 20 is fixed to the top of the lifting rod 19. Both ends of the trenching limiting rod 17 pass through the elongated hole 18 and are housed within the rotating bearing 20. The lifting rod 19 drives the trenching limiting rod 17 to move up and down along the elongated hole 18. The trenching limiting rod 17 is connected to the drive shaft 1 via belt drive or chain drive. A drive sprocket 21 is fitted onto the trenching limiting rod 17. The drive sprocket 21 is connected to the trenching limiting rod 17 via a key. Connecting plates are fitted onto the trenching limiting rods 17 on both sides of the drive sprocket 21. A connecting rod 10 is fixedly connected to the connecting plate. A driven sprocket 22 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the connecting plates. The drive sprocket 21 is connected to the driven sprocket 22 via a chain. Multiple digging shovels 23 are fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the chain.

[0024] In use, the trenching limit rod 17 is first adjusted via the lifting rod 19, allowing it to move up and down along the elongated hole 18 of the frame to adapt to different soil trenching depth requirements. The trenching limit rod 17 is connected to the drive shaft 1 via belt or chain drive. The rotation of the drive shaft 1 drives the drive sprocket 21 to rotate, which in turn drives the driven sprocket 22 via a chain, thereby driving the digging shovel 23 on the outside of the chain to rotate, achieving precise and stable trenching and laying a good foundation for subsequent sowing and mulching. The connecting rod 10 is fixedly connected to the connecting plate, allowing adjustment of the position of the digging shovel 23 while adjusting the sliding ring 5, ensuring that the gap of the connected pressure cylinder 8 corresponds one-to-one with the position of the digging shovel 23. The trenching limit rod 17 is connected to the drive shaft 1 via belt or chain drive, and the rotation of the traveling wheel 2 drives the trenching limit rod 17 to rotate. Combined with a specific transmission ratio, this improves power transmission efficiency, the coordination of trenching operations, and the practicality of the device.

[0025] The sowing device includes a hopper 24, with a flexible seed metering tube 25 fixed to the bottom end of the hopper 24. The bottom end of the flexible seed metering tube 25 is connected to a seed metering chamber 26, and the bottom end of the seed metering chamber 26 is provided with a seed outlet 27. A seed metering disc 28 rotates inside the seed metering chamber 26. The side wall of the seed metering disc 28 is provided with several seed metering notches 29, which can correspond to the seed outlet 27. The seed metering disc 28 is driven by a seed metering motor 30. A guide plate 31 is fixed to the side wall of the connecting rod 10, and the flexible seed metering tube 25 is slidably connected to the guide plate 31. Multiple annular parts can be fixed on the guide plate 31, and the flexible seed metering tube 25 passes through the annular parts, which restrict the position of the flexible seed metering tube 25.

[0026] During operation, seeds are first poured into the hopper 24, then fall into the seed metering chamber 26 via the flexible seed metering tube 25. The seed metering motor 30 drives the seed metering disc 28 to rotate. When the seed metering notch 29 aligns with the seed outlet 27, the seeds are precisely discharged. The flexible seed metering tube 25 is guided to move by the guide plate 31 fixed to the connecting rod 10, ensuring that the seed outlet 27 always corresponds to the sowing furrow, preventing seeds from falling outside the furrow and causing waste. This improves sowing flexibility and accuracy, and enhances planting efficiency and uniformity.

[0027] The lower part of the frame at both ends of the trenching limiting rod 17 is hinged with a rotating rod 32. The end of the rotating rod 32 away from the frame is rotatably connected to the drive shaft 1 through a first hinge ring. Several lifting telescopic rods 33 are hinged to the upper end of the frame. The end of the lifting telescopic rod 33 away from the frame is rotatably connected to the drive shaft 1 through a second hinge ring.

[0028] By hinged rotating rods 32 at the lower part of the frame at both ends of the trenching limiting rod 17, and using the first hinge ring to connect the rotating rods 32 to the drive shaft 1, and by setting multiple lifting telescopic rods 33 at the upper end of the frame, which are hinged to the drive rod 7 via the second hinge ring, the operator can easily lift the drive shaft 1 by controlling the retraction of the lifting telescopic rods 33 during operation. This effectively reduces the frictional resistance between the pressure cylinder 8 and the ground when it moves, which not only reduces equipment wear and energy consumption, but also greatly facilitates the subsequent precise adjustment of the positions of the moving ring 9 and the sliding ring 5. This improves the flexibility and ease of operation of the entire device, providing a strong guarantee for adapting to different planting needs and terrain conditions.

[0029] A connecting frame 34 is fixed on the moving ring 9, and the connecting frame 34 is positioned between adjacent pressure cylinders 8. One end of the connecting frame 34, located outside the pressure cylinder 8, is connected to a pressure roller frame 35 via an elastic telescopic rod. A pressure roller is rotatably connected to the pressure roller frame 35. By fixing the connecting frame 34 to the moving ring 9 and positioning it between adjacent pressure cylinders 8, and then using the elastic telescopic rod to connect the pressure roller frame 35 and the pressure roller, during sowing operations, after the moving ring 9 moves to the preset position, the pressure roller can always roll tightly against the inner wall of the sowing furrow under the adaptive pressure provided by the elastic telescopic rod, ensuring the stability and tightness of the film pressing.

[0030] A camera mount is fixed on the frame, including a bracket 39. The top of the bracket 39 is connected to a camera compartment 40 via a gimbal motor unit, which houses a live-streaming camera. The gimbal motor unit is existing technology. A 5G live-streaming camera supporting RTMP streaming (such as a DJI Pocket 3 with a DJI cellular module or a Sony ZV-E1 with LiveU Solo PRO) is installed in the camera compartment 40. The gimbal motor unit controls the lens angle. As soon as the machine enters the field, the camera dynamically records the entire process of sowing, mulching, and pressing. The 5G signal is directly transmitted to a Douyin / Kuaishou live-streaming room via the vehicle's router. Viewers can see the seed spacing and the effect of soil sealing at the edge of the mulch in real time, receive online comments from remote agricultural experts, and interact with farmers by asking questions. The video is automatically saved to a card, providing visual evidence for later quality traceability. By using the gimbal motor unit connected to the camera compartment 40, the camera can dynamically record the entire process of sowing, mulching, and pressing during operation, comprehensively enhancing the transparency and interactivity of agricultural production and assisting in agricultural brand promotion and quality control.

[0031] The mulching system includes an air shaft 36 rotatably connected to the frame. A roll of mulch film is fitted onto the air shaft 36. Both ends of the air shaft 36 are fitted with ratchet discs 37, which are fixed to the frame. Multiple ratchet teeth are fixed on each ratchet disc 37. A pawl 38, which engages with the ratchet teeth, is hinged to the end of the air shaft 36. The air shaft 36 is existing technology. During preparation, the roll of mulch film is fitted onto the air shaft 36. The ratchet discs 37 at both ends of the air shaft 36 engage with the pawls 38 on the frame, forming a one-way ratchet. When the tractor moves forward, the mulch film is pulled, and the air shaft 36 rotates accordingly. Once the machine stops, the pawls 38 immediately engage with the teeth, preventing the mulch roll from unwinding due to inertia, thus maintaining constant tension on the film surface and significantly reducing mulch film waste and manual repositioning time.

[0032] The membrane opening system 11 includes a fixed rod fixedly connected to the moving ring 9. A control chamber is fixedly mounted at the bottom end of the fixed rod. A vision sensor is installed inside the control chamber. The vision sensor is electrically connected to an opening telescopic rod. A membrane opening knife is fixed at the bottom end of the opening telescopic rod. The vision sensor, control chamber, and opening telescopic rod are all existing technologies.

[0033] During operation, a vision sensor (Keyence FQ series or Basler industrial camera recommended) monitors seed color in real time and compares it with preset values. When a target color is detected, the central controller (such as a Raspberry Pi) within the control chamber processes the signal and sends it to the opening telescopic rod (Tolomatic MTE 15 electric linear actuator recommended). This drives the film opening knife to pass through the gap in the pressure cylinder 8 and precisely open the film. This process significantly improves opening accuracy, reduces labor costs, and increases planting efficiency. The control chamber is stably positioned by a fixed rod connected to the moving ring 9. The entire process achieves a high degree of automation and precision, significantly improving opening accuracy, effectively reducing manual operation costs, and greatly improving the overall efficiency of rice cultivation.

[0034] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent control dryland rice film mulching and direct seeding synchronous operation seeding device, comprising a frame, a furrowing system, a seeding system, a film mulching system and a walking system are arranged on the frame, characterized in that: The walking system comprises a transmission shaft (1), walking wheels (2) fixedly arranged at both ends of the transmission shaft (1), a driving bin (3) arranged in the transmission shaft (1), a sliding groove (4) arranged on the side wall of the transmission shaft (1) and communicated with the driving bin (3), a plurality of sliding rings (5) sleeved on the transmission shaft (1), a flat key (43) fixedly arranged on the inner side of the sliding ring (5) and sliding along the sliding groove (4), a driving device (6) arranged in the driving bin (3) and fixedly connected with the flat key (43), a pressure cylinder (8) corresponding to each sliding ring (5) through a transmission rod (7), a moving ring (9) sleeved on the transmission shaft (1) between adjacent sliding rings (5), a connecting rod (10) rotatably connected with the moving ring (9) through a bearing and arranged between adjacent pressure cylinders (8), one end of the connecting rod (10) arranged outside the pressure cylinder (8) corresponding to the ditching system, a film opening system (11) fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the moving ring (9) and corresponding to the gap between adjacent pressure cylinders (8), and a film coating system fixedly arranged on the rack between the ditching system and the walking system.

2. The intelligent controlled dryland rice film mulching and direct seeding synchronous operation seeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving device (6) comprises a rack (12) fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the driving bin (3) and a driving motor (13), the axial direction of the rack (12) is parallel to the axial direction of the transmission shaft (1), the inner wall of the driving bin (3) is provided with a limiting sliding groove (41), the driving motor (13) moves along the limiting sliding groove (41) through a limiting sliding rod (42), a gear is fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft of the driving motor (13) and engaged with the rack (12), and the side wall of the driving motor (13) is fixedly connected with the flat key (43) through a connecting piece (14).

3. The intelligent controlled dryland rice film seeding and live synchronous operation seeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A limiting piece is arranged between the sliding ring (5) and the moving ring (9), the limiting piece comprises a limiting telescopic rod (15) fixedly arranged on the side wall of the sliding ring (5), a plane bearing (16) fixedly connected with one end of the limiting telescopic rod (15) close to the moving ring (9), and the other end of the plane bearing (16) away from the limiting telescopic rod (15) is abutted against the side wall of the moving ring (9).

4. The intelligent controlled dryland rice film seeding and live synchronous operation seeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ditching system comprises a ditching limiting rod (17), long circular holes (18) are symmetrically arranged on the rack, lifting rods (19) are fixedly arranged on the rack at the long circular holes (18), rotating bearings (20) are fixedly arranged at the top ends of the lifting rods (19), the two ends of the ditching limiting rod (17) respectively penetrate through the long circular holes (18) and are arranged in the rotating bearings (20), the lifting rods (19) drive the ditching limiting rod (17) to move up and down along the long circular holes (18), the ditching limiting rod (17) is connected with the transmission shaft (1) through belt transmission or chain transmission, a driving sprocket (21) is sleeved on the ditching limiting rod (17), the driving sprocket (21) is connected with the ditching limiting rod (17) through a key, connecting plates are sleeved on the ditching limiting rod (17) on both sides of the driving sprocket (21), the connecting rod (10) is fixedly connected with the connecting plates, a driven sprocket (22) is rotatably connected to the bottom end between the connecting plates, the driving sprocket (21) is connected with the driven sprocket (22) through a chain, and a plurality of earth shovels (23) are fixedly arranged on the outer side wall of the chain.

5. The intelligent controlled dryland rice film seeding and live synchronous operation seeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seeding device comprises a hopper (24), the bottom end of the hopper (24) is fixed with a flexible seed tube (25), the bottom end of the flexible seed tube (25) is communicated with a seed discharge bin (26), the bottom end of the seed discharge bin (26) is provided with a seed discharge port (27), a seed disc (28) is rotatably arranged in the seed discharge bin (26), the side wall of the seed disc (28) is provided with a plurality of seed discharge notches (29) corresponding to the seed discharge port (27), the seed disc (28) is driven by a seed disc motor (30), the side wall of the connecting rod (10) is fixed with a guide plate (31), the flexible seed tube (25) is slidably connected with the guide plate (31).

6. The intelligent controlled dryland rice no-till direct seeding simultaneous operation seeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower part of the frame at both ends of the furrow limiting rod (17) is hingedly connected with a rotating rod (32), one end of the rotating rod (32) away from the frame is rotatably connected with the transmission shaft (1) through a first hinged ring, the upper end of the frame is hingedly connected with a plurality of lifting telescopic rods (33), one end of the lifting telescopic rod (33) away from the frame is rotatably connected with the transmission shaft (1) through a second hinged ring.

7. The intelligent controlled dryland rice no-till direct seeding simultaneous operation seeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The moving ring (9) is fixed with a connecting frame (34), the connecting frame (34) is arranged between adjacent pressure cylinders (8), one end of the connecting frame (34) outside the pressure cylinder (8) is connected with a pressure wheel frame (35) through an elastic telescopic rod, and the pressure wheel frame (35) is rotatably connected with a pressure wheel. 8.The device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The film covering system comprises a gas expansion shaft (36) rotatably connected with the frame, a film sleeve in a roll is arranged on the gas expansion shaft (36), the both ends of the gas expansion shaft (36) are sleeved with ratchet discs (37), the ratchet discs (37) are fixed on the frame, a plurality of ratchets are fixed on the ratchet discs (37), and the end of the gas expansion shaft (36) is hingedly connected with a pawl (38) which can be engaged with the ratchets. 9.The device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame is fixed with a camera fixing frame, the camera fixing frame comprises a support (39), the top end of the support (39) is connected with a camera bin (40) through a holder motor group, and the camera bin (40) is provided with a live camera.

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