Sugarcane harvester

Abstract

The invention discloses a sugarcane harvester which comprises a rack, a shifting rod mechanism, a cutting mechanism, a conveying mechanism and a leaf removing mechanism. The rack is used for being connected with the front end of a mini-tiller and other power devices. The deflector rod mechanism is arranged above the rack, a plurality of evenly-distributed deflector rods are rotationally arranged at the upper end of a stand column of the deflector rod mechanism, the cutting mechanism is located at the bottom of the rack, and a driving motor drives a cutting disc to rotate to cut off sugarcanes. Baffles are arranged on the two sides of the obliquely-arranged conveying belt. The leaf removing mechanism is located at the tail end of the conveying belt, and four rotating shafts distributed in a rectangular shape are arranged between two mounting plates of the leaf removing mechanism. The first rotating shaft close to the conveying belt is provided with rectangular fins to comb sugarcanes, the fourth rotating shaft far away from the conveying belt is provided with a plurality of leaf removing fan blade sets, each fan blade set is composed of an n-shaped frame, a sleeve and a steel wire brush longer than the frame body, and blades are brushed away through high-speed rotation. The sugarcane harvester is high in integration level, good in leaf removing effect, high in adaptability and particularly suitable for sugarcane harvesting operation in medium and small plots.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery technology, specifically to a sugarcane harvester for harvesting sugarcane and simultaneously removing leaves. Background Technology

[0002] Sugarcane is an important economic crop, and its harvesting process mainly includes felling, defoliation, and collection. Traditional sugarcane harvesting relies primarily on manual labor, which is labor-intensive, inefficient, and costly. With the development of agricultural mechanization, various sugarcane harvesting machines have emerged.

[0003] Existing sugarcane harvesters suffer from several common problems. For example, while some large combine harvesters are highly automated, they are expensive and bulky, making them unsuitable for hilly areas or small plots, placing a heavy economic burden on most small and medium-sized farmers. Smaller or simpler harvesting equipment often has limited functionality, typically only capable of cutting; defoliation still requires additional manual labor or equipment, failing to integrate harvesting and defoliation, thus limiting efficiency gains. Furthermore, during the transport of cut sugarcane, issues such as accumulation, slippage, or directional disorder can easily occur, affecting the subsequent defoliation mechanism and even causing jamming or damage to the sugarcane.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need in this field for an integrated sugarcane harvesting machine that is compact, cost-effective, and capable of efficiently and continuously completing cutting, conveying, and defoliation operations to meet the harvesting needs of small and medium-sized sugarcane planting. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to solve the above-mentioned technical problems by providing a sugarcane harvester that can be used with small power devices (such as micro-tillers) and integrates cutting, conveying, and defoliation functions.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution provided by the present invention is: a sugarcane harvester, including a pulley for connecting a power unit, and a frame, wherein the frame is a frame structure and is configured to be fixedly connected to the front end of the power unit; The frame is equipped with a lever mechanism at the top and a cutting mechanism at the bottom; A conveying mechanism is provided on one side of the frame, which cooperates with the cutting mechanism; a leaf removal mechanism is provided at the end of the conveying mechanism.

[0007] Furthermore, the lever mechanism includes a column and multiple levers. The column is positioned above the frame, and the levers are rotatably positioned at the upper end of the column, with the levers evenly distributed along the circumference of the column.

[0008] Further, the cutting mechanism comprises a cutting disc and a driving motor, the driving motor is arranged in the frame and used for driving the cutting disc.

[0009] Further, the conveying mechanism comprises a conveying belt, the conveying belt is arranged in an inclined manner and provided with baffles on both sides. The cutting disc is located above the first end of the conveying belt, and the overlapping area of the cutting disc and the conveying belt is greater than half of the area of the cutting disc.

[0010] Further, the defoliating mechanism comprises two mounting plates arranged in parallel, and the mounting plates are located on both sides of the end of the conveying belt. Four rotating shafts are arranged between the two mounting plates, including a first rotating shaft, a second rotating shaft, a third rotating shaft and a fourth rotating shaft, wherein the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft are located at the upper end, the third rotating shaft and the fourth rotating shaft are located at the lower end, the first rotating shaft and the third rotating shaft are close to the conveying belt, the second rotating shaft and the fourth rotating shaft are away from the conveying belt, and the four rotating shafts are distributed in a rectangular shape. A plurality of rectangular fins are arranged in the circumferential direction of the first rotating shaft, and a plurality of defoliating fan groups are arranged in the circumferential direction of the fourth rotating shaft.

[0011] Further, each defoliating fan group comprises a defoliating fan 0, the defoliating fan 0 comprises an n-shaped frame and a sleeve, the n-shaped frame is arranged on the fourth rotating shaft, the sleeve is arranged at the upper end of the n-shaped frame, a plurality of steel wire brushes are fixedly arranged in the sleeve, and the length of the steel wire brush is greater than the length of the n-shaped frame.

[0012] Further, the two ends of the first rotating shaft, the second rotating shaft, the third rotating shaft and the fourth rotating shaft extend to the outside of the mounting plate, one end is supported by a bearing, and the other end is provided with a gear; The gear on the first rotating shaft is meshed with the gear on the third rotating shaft, and the gear on the second rotating shaft is meshed with the gear on the fourth rotating shaft. A first pulley 7 is arranged on the first rotating shaft, a fourth pulley 8 is arranged on the fourth rotating shaft, and a driving pulley is arranged on the conveying belt driving shaft of the conveying mechanism. The first pulley 7 and the driving pulley are connected by a first belt 9, and the fourth pulley 8 and the pulley of the power device are connected by a second belt 0.

[0013] Further, the number of the shift rods is 4.

[0014] Further, four fixed rods are arranged at the four corners between the two mounting plates.

[0015] Further, a connecting frame is arranged between the mounting plate and the power device.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages: This sugarcane harvester integrates the lever mechanism, cutting mechanism, conveying mechanism, and defoliation mechanism into a compact system with a small power unit, enabling continuous integrated operation of the four major functions of sugarcane pulling, cutting, conveying, and defoliation during the sugarcane harvesting process, which greatly improves harvesting efficiency.

[0017] Its structure is scientifically and rationally designed. The large-area overlapping layout of the cutting disc and the conveyor belt ensures smooth transfer of sugarcane after cutting. The leaf removal mechanism adopts a four-axis rectangular arrangement with gear transmission, which is stable and efficient in operation. The unique leaf removal fan blade group design uses a high-speed rotating long steel wire brush to remove leaves gently, which effectively reduces damage to the surface of the sugarcane stalk while thoroughly removing the leaves.

[0018] The machine requires only a single power input to drive all working parts to operate in a coordinated manner. The power transmission path is ingenious and reliable, making it particularly suitable for use with common small agricultural power sources such as micro-tillers. It has advantages such as low cost, strong adaptability, and flexible operation, perfectly meeting the mechanized harvesting needs of sugarcane planting in small and medium-sized plots. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the sugarcane harvester of the present invention. Figure 1 .

[0020] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the sugarcane harvester of the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the lever mechanism of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first rotating shaft and the rectangular fins on it in the leaf removal mechanism of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the fourth rotating shaft and its de-blading fan assembly in the de-blading mechanism of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a diagram showing the sugarcane harvester of the present invention assembled onto a power mechanism (such as a micro-tiller). Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the technical problems to be solved, the technical solutions, and the beneficial effects of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0026] The present application is a sugarcane harvester which is used with a small power device (such as a mini-tiller, a hand tractor, etc., shown as a mini-tiller 7 in the figure) to form a complete mobile harvesting unit. As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 6 , the entire harvester is fixedly installed at the front end of the mini-tiller 7 through the connecting structure (such as the connecting frame 62) at the rear of the frame 1 of the harvester. The power source is derived from the output shaft of the mini-tiller 7, which is transmitted to the harvester through the pulley 6 and the belt (second belt 60) thereon.

[0027] The frame 1 is the support skeleton of the entire harvester, which is a frame structure welded from profile steel and has sufficient strength and rigidity. The cutting mechanism 3 is installed at the lower front part of the frame 1, and the poking rod mechanism 2 is installed at the upper front part of the frame 1. The right side (with reference to the forward direction of the machine) of the frame 1 is installed with the conveying mechanism 4 and the leaf-removing mechanism 5. Each functional module is stably connected to the frame 1, ensuring the overall stability of the machine during field operation.

[0028] As shown in Figure 3 , the poking rod mechanism 2 includes a vertical column 21 fixed vertically at the upper front part of the frame 1. The top end of the vertical column 21 is rotatably installed with 4 to 6 poking rods 22 (preferably 4 or 6) through bearings and other components. These poking rods 22 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the vertical column 21. When the mini-tiller 7 pushes the harvester forward, the intertwined sugarcane clumps will collide with the poking rods 22, causing them to rotate around the vertical column 21, thereby gently pushing the sugarcane to both sides, guiding the sugarcane into the cutting area, and preventing the sugarcane from being excessively tilted or entangled, preparing for subsequent cutting.

[0029] The cutting mechanism 3 includes a high-speed rotating cutting disc 31 and a driving motor 32. The driving motor 32 is installed inside the frame 1 and directly drives the cutting disc 31 to rotate through a transmission shaft, thereby cutting off the root of the sugarcane.

[0030] The conveying mechanism 4 includes an inclined upward conveying belt 41 driven by an independent driving shaft 43. The conveying belt 41 is provided with baffles 42 on both sides to prevent the sugarcane from sliding off during conveying. The key is that the position of the cutting disc 31 is set above the entrance of the conveying belt 41, and more than half of the area of the disc 31 overlaps the entrance area of the conveying belt 41. This design allows the cut-off sugarcane stalks to almost seamlessly fall onto the conveying belt 41 and be immediately conveyed upward, avoiding the accumulation of sugarcane at the cutting point.

[0031] The leaf-removing mechanism 5, as shown in Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , mainly consists of a pair of parallel mounting plates 51, four rotating shafts, transmission components, and leaf-removing execution components.

[0032] The two mounting plates 51 are connected by four cornered fixing rods 61 to form a stable frame structure, and are connected to the micro tiller 7 body or frame 1 by connecting frames 62. Four rotating shafts, the first rotating shaft 521, the second rotating shaft 522, the third rotating shaft 523 and the fourth rotating shaft 524, are installed between the two mounting plates 51 by bearings 55, and are distributed in a rectangular shape. The first rotating shaft 521 and the third rotating shaft 523 are close to the outlet of the conveyor belt 41, and the second rotating shaft 522 and the fourth rotating shaft 524 are relatively far away.

[0033] The power transmission path is as follows: the pulley 6 on the output shaft of the micro tiller 7 drives the fourth rotating shaft 524 to rotate through the second belt 60. The fourth rotating shaft 524 is provided with a gear 56 at one end, which engages with the gear 56 at one end of the second rotating shaft 522, thereby driving the second rotating shaft 522 to rotate in the opposite direction. At the same time, the fourth pulley 58 on the fourth rotating shaft 524 transmits power to the drive pulley 44 on the conveyor belt drive shaft 43 through the first belt 59, so that the conveyor belt 41 works. The other end of the conveyor belt drive shaft 43 is also provided with a pulley, which drives the first pulley 57 on the first rotating shaft 521 through another first belt 59. The gear 56 at one end of the first rotating shaft 521 engages with the gear 56 at one end of the third rotating shaft 523, thereby driving the third rotating shaft 523 to rotate in the opposite direction. At this point, the four rotating shafts are all powered and rotate in the intended direction.

[0034] In terms of execution components, the first rotating shaft 521 is provided with multiple sets of rectangular fins 53 (see Figure 4 ). These fins play a role in further combing the sugarcane and making it evenly enter the leaf removal station when rotating. The core leaf removal function is completed by multiple leaf removal fan groups 54 on the fourth rotating shaft 524 (see Figure 5 ). Each leaf removal fan group 54 includes an n-shaped frame 541 welded or fixed by a key on the fourth rotating shaft 524 (according to actual needs, an m-shaped frame or a composite shape can also be used). The upper end of the n-shaped frame 541 is welded or fixed by a thread to a sleeve 542. Multiple bundles of steel wire brushes 543 are tightly fixed in the sleeve 542. Importantly, the free end length of the steel wire brushes 543 is significantly greater than the height (i.e. length) of the n-shaped frame 541, which makes the steel wire brushes 543 very soft and elastic. When the sugarcane stalk is clamped, guided and passed through the fourth rotating shaft 524 position by the components on the first, second and third rotating shafts, the steel wire brushes 543 rotating at high speed will fiercely beat and brush the surface of the sugarcane stalk, thereby completely removing the leaves, and the flexible steel wire brushes can effectively reduce the damage to the surface of the sugarcane stalk.

[0035] Work flow When working, the micro tiller 7 advances and pushes the harvester into the sugarcane field. The prong mechanism 2 prongs the sugarcane clumps and directs them to the cutting disc 31 in order. The cutting disc 31 cuts the sugarcane, and the cane stalks fall onto the inclined conveyor belt 41 and are conveyed upward. The sugarcane at the end of the conveyor belt 41 is fed into the leaf-removing mechanism 5, sequentially guided and combed by the first, second, and third rotating shafts, and finally subjected to the strong leaf-removing action of the steel wire brush 543 at the fourth rotating shaft 524. The clean cane stalks after leaf removal are discharged from the rear of the leaf-removing mechanism 5 and scattered or collected by a subsequent collecting device. The whole process is continuous and efficient, greatly reducing the labor intensity.

[0036] The above merely describes the preferred embodiments of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. For example, the driving motor 32 can be an electric motor or a hydraulic motor; the material and density of the steel wire brush 543 can be adjusted according to the sugarcane variety and leaf condition; the number and shape of the prongs 22 can also be changed. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present application, according to the technical solutions and inventive concept of the present application, can make equivalent replacements or changes, which should be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A sugar cane harvester comprising a pulley (6) for connection to a power device, characterised in that, It also includes a rack (1), which is a frame structure, configured to be fixedly connected to the front end of the power device; The upper part of the rack (1) is provided with a lever mechanism (2), and the bottom part is provided with a cutting mechanism (3); One side of the rack (1) is provided with a conveying mechanism (4), which is matched with the cutting mechanism (3); the end of the conveying mechanism (4) is provided with a defoliating mechanism (5).

2. A sugar cane harvester as claimed in claim 1 wherein, The lever mechanism (2) includes a stand (21) and a plurality of levers (22), the stand (21) is arranged above the rack (1), the levers (22) are rotatably arranged at the upper end of the stand (21), and the levers (22) are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the stand (21).

3. The sugar cane harvester of claim 1, wherein, The cutting mechanism (3) includes a cutting disc (31) and a driving motor, the driving motor is arranged in the rack (1) and used for driving the cutting disc (31).

4. A sugar cane harvester as claimed in claim 3 wherein, The conveying mechanism (4) includes a conveying belt (41), the conveying belt (41) is arranged obliquely, and both sides are provided with baffles (42); The cutting disc (31) is located above the first end of the conveying belt (41), and the overlapping area of the cutting disc (31) and the conveying belt (41) is greater than half of the area of the cutting disc (31).

5. A sugar cane harvester as claimed in claim 4 wherein, The defoliating mechanism (5) includes two installation plates (51) arranged in parallel, the installation plates (51) are located on both sides of the end of the conveying belt (41); Four rotating shafts are arranged between the two installation plates (51), including a first rotating shaft (521), a second rotating shaft (522), a third rotating shaft (523) and a fourth rotating shaft (524), wherein the first rotating shaft (521) and the second rotating shaft (522) are located at the upper end, the third rotating shaft (523) and the fourth rotating shaft (524) are located at the lower end, the first rotating shaft (521) and the third rotating shaft (523) are close to the conveying belt (41), the second rotating shaft (522) and the fourth rotating shaft (524) are away from the conveying belt (41), and the four rotating shafts are distributed in a rectangular shape; A plurality of rectangular fins (53) are arranged in the circumferential direction of the first rotating shaft (521); a plurality of defoliating fan groups (54) are arranged in the circumferential direction of the fourth rotating shaft (524).

6. A sugar cane harvester as claimed in claim 5 wherein, Each defoliating fan group (54) includes a defoliating fan (540), the defoliating fan (540) includes an n-shaped frame (541) and a sleeve (542), the n-shaped frame (541) is arranged on the fourth rotating shaft (524), the sleeve (542) is arranged at the upper end of the n-shaped frame (541), a plurality of steel wire brushes (543) are fixedly arranged in the sleeve (542), and the length of the steel wire brush (543) is greater than the length of the n-shaped frame (541).

7. A sugar cane harvester as claimed in claim 5 wherein, The two ends of the first rotating shaft (521), the second rotating shaft (522), the third rotating shaft (523) and the fourth rotating shaft (524) extend to the outside of the installation plate (51), one end is supported through a bearing (55), and the other end is provided with a gear (56); The gear on the first rotating shaft (521) and the gear on the third rotating shaft (523) are meshed with each other, and the gear on the second rotating shaft (522) and the gear on the fourth rotating shaft (524) are meshed with each other. The first rotating shaft (521) is provided with a first belt pulley (57), and the fourth rotating shaft (524) is provided with a fourth belt pulley (58); a drive belt pulley (44) is arranged on a transmission belt driving shaft (43) of the transmission mechanism (4); The first belt pulley (57) and the drive belt pulley (44) are connected through a first belt (59); the fourth belt pulley (58) and the belt pulley (6) of the power device are connected through a second belt (60).

8. A sugar cane harvester as claimed in claim 2 wherein, The number of the shifting rods (22) is 4-6.

9. The sugar cane harvester of claim 5, wherein, Four fixed rods (61) are arranged at the four corners between the two mounting plates (51).

10. The sugar cane harvester of claim 5, wherein, A connecting frame (62) is arranged between the mounting plate (51) and the power device.

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