Crankshaft crank throw rough and finish turning method

Abstract

According to the rough and finish turning method for the crankshaft crank throw, the crank throw to be machined can be freely and rapidly converted to the machining position coaxial with a lathe spindle, the machining precision is guaranteed, and the production efficiency is improved. A first shaft diameter and a second shaft diameter which are coaxial with the axis of the crankshaft are arranged at the two ends of the crankshaft, and the distances, namely the eccentric distances, between the axes of all the crank throws of the crankshaft and the axis of the crankshaft are equal, and the rough turning and finish turning method for the crank throws of the crankshaft comprises the steps that the first shaft diameter is directly or indirectly fixed to the clamp body, and the second shaft diameter is fixed to the centering disc; a center hole matched with the tailstock ejector pin is formed in the centering disc, the clamp body is directly or indirectly connected to a lathe spindle, the axis of the crankshaft and the lathe spindle are eccentric, the lathe spindle is coaxial with the axis of one crank throw, namely the axis of the machined crank throw and the axis of the center hole, and the center hole is jacked by the tailstock ejector pin. The lathe spindle rotates, the crankshaft is driven by the clamp body to rotate with the axis of the machined crank throw as the center, and rough turning or finish turning is conducted on the machined crank throw through the turning tool.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a method for turning the crank of a crankshaft, in particular a method for rough and finish turning the crank of a crankshaft used in an emulsion pump. BACKGROUND

[0002] The eccentric crank of a crankshaft used in an emulsion pump is difficult to process with high precision and complicated process, and it is difficult to guarantee the design requirements and precision requirements of the workpiece. In order to process each crank of the crankshaft on the lathe, a special fixture is generally designed, but the special fixture is adjusted and installed complicatedly and has low processing efficiency when each crank is processed. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application provides a method for rough and finish turning the crank of a crankshaft, which can freely and quickly change the crank to be processed to the processing position coaxial with the spindle of the lathe, guarantee the processing precision, and improve the production efficiency.

[0004] To achieve the above technical purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present application is as follows:

[0005] The method for rough and finish turning the crank of a crankshaft, both ends of the crankshaft have shaft diameter one and shaft diameter two coaxial with the axis of the crankshaft, the distance from the axis of each crank of the crankshaft to the axis of the crankshaft, i.e. the eccentricity, is equal, shaft diameter one is directly or indirectly fixed on the fixture, shaft diameter two is fixed on the centering disc, the centering disc is provided with a center hole matched with the tailstock pin, the fixture is directly or indirectly connected to the spindle of the lathe, the axis of the crankshaft is eccentric to the spindle of the lathe, the spindle of the lathe is coaxial with the axis of one crank, i.e. the crank to be processed, and the axis of the center hole, and the tailstock pin holds the center hole; the spindle of the lathe rotates, the crank is driven by the fixture to rotate around the axis of the crank to be processed, and the turning tool is used to rough or finish turn the crank to be processed.

[0006] The method for rough and finish turning the crank of a crankshaft, shaft diameter one is fixed in the inner hole of the taper sleeve, the tapered outer periphery of the taper sleeve is matched with the tapered hole on the fixture, the distance from the axis of the tapered hole to the axis of the spindle of the lathe is equal to the eccentricity; the number of center holes is equal to the number of cranks, and the axis of each center hole coincides with the projection of the axis of one crank on the cross section of the crankshaft; after the axis of one crank to be processed is coaxial with the axis of the spindle of the lathe by rotating the taper sleeve, the crankshaft and the centering disc, the taper sleeve is matched with the tapered hole and fixed with the fixture.

[0007] The method for rough and finish turning the crank of a crankshaft, the method for fixing the taper sleeve with the fixture is that a direction slot parallel to the axis direction is opened on the outer periphery of the taper sleeve, the number of direction slots is equal to the number of cranks, a direction key passing through any direction slot is fixed in the same position of the fixture, the taper sleeve is fixed with the fixture, and the axis of the spindle of the lathe is coaxial with the axis of one center hole and the axis of one crank.

[0008] The crankshaft crank rough and finish turning method, the crank is 1-6, which is evenly distributed on the circumference with the crankshaft axis as the center.

[0009] The crankshaft crank rough and finish turning method, the inner hole of the taper sleeve is fixedly connected with the shaft diameter one, the method is that the positioning key one is embedded into the key groove one opened on the shaft diameter one, and then the positioning key one is fixed on the taper sleeve.

[0010] The crankshaft crank rough and finish turning method, the one end of the centering disc is fixedly connected with the shaft diameter two, the method is that the positioning key two is embedded into the key groove two opened on the shaft diameter two, and then the positioning key two is fixed on the centering disc.

[0011] The crankshaft crank rough and finish turning method, the chuck is fixed on the lathe spindle, and the chuck body is fixed on the chuck.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the present application are that: since the distance from the axis of the taper hole to the axis of the lathe spindle is equal to the eccentricity of each crank of the crankshaft, when the taper sleeve, the crankshaft and the centering disc fixed together rotate in the taper hole, the axis of any crank will inevitably rotate to the position coaxial with the axis of the spindle. By fixing the direction key passing through the direction groove on the outer periphery of the taper sleeve on the chuck body, the taper sleeve and the chuck body can be quickly fixed and positioned, and at the same time, one crank (i.e. the crank to be machined) and one center hole will be in the position coaxial with the axis of the spindle. In this way, the crankshaft can be quickly positioned, and the clamping is convenient and fast. At the same time, the tailstock pin top holds the crankshaft through the centering disc, further ensuring the machining precision.

[0013] By embedding the positioning key one into the key groove one on the shaft diameter one and fixing it on the taper sleeve, the fixation of the crankshaft and the taper sleeve is realized, the positioning is simple, and the fixation is reliable.

[0014] By embedding the positioning key two into the key groove two on the shaft diameter two and fixing it on the centering disc, the fixation of the crankshaft and the centering disc is realized, the positioning is simple, and the fixation is reliable.

[0015] When each crank of the crankshaft is evenly distributed on the circumference with the crankshaft axis as the center, the plurality of direction grooves on the taper sleeve are evenly distributed on the outer periphery of the taper sleeve, and the plurality of center holes on the centering disc are evenly distributed on the circumference with the crankshaft axis as the center, so that the machining of the taper sleeve, the centering disc and the like is more convenient. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic view of the crankshaft crank rough and finish turning chuck.

[0017] Figure 2 It is a front view of the chuck body.

[0018] Figure 3 It is a side view of Figure 2 .

[0019] Figure 4 is the front view of the taper sleeve.

[0020] Figure 5 is the side view of Figure 4

[0021] Figure 6 is the front view of the centering disc.

[0022] Figure 7 is the side view of Figure 6

[0023] In the figure, the crankshaft 100, the shaft diameter one 101, the shaft diameter two 102, the crank 103, the keyway one 105, the keyway two 106, the lathe spindle 200, the tailstock center 201,

[0024] the chuck disc 1, the clamping body 2, the taper hole 21, the groove 22,

[0025] the taper sleeve 3, the direction slot 31, the inner hole one 32, the positioning slot one 33, the fastening screw hole one 34,

[0026] the centering disc 4, the inner hole two 42, the positioning slot two 43, the fastening screw hole two 44, the center hole 45,

[0027] the bolt 5, the positioning key one 6, the positioning key two 7, the direction key 8, the screw 9. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The specific embodiment of the present application is further described below according to the accompanying drawings:

[0029] The crankshaft 100 in the emulsion pump has the shaft diameter one 101, the shaft diameter two 102, and 5 cranks 103 at both ends. The shaft diameter one 101 and the shaft diameter two 102 are coaxial, and the axis of the shaft diameter one 101 is the axis of the crankshaft. The axes of the cranks are uniformly distributed on the circumference with the axis of the crankshaft as the center.

[0030] The rough and finish turning fixture of the crank 103 of the crankshaft 100 includes the chuck disc 1, the clamping body 2, the taper sleeve 3, the centering disc 4, the bolt 5, the positioning key one 6, the positioning key two 7, the direction key 8, and the screw 9.

[0031] The chuck disc 1 is fixed on the lathe spindle 200, and the chuck disc 1 clamps the clamping body 2 through 3 bolts 5. The taper hole 21 is opened on the clamping body 2, the axis of the taper hole is parallel to the axis of the lathe spindle, and the distance from the axis of the lathe spindle is equal to the eccentricity of the crankshaft (i.e. the distance from the axis of the crank to the axis of the crankshaft).

[0032] ​​The outer periphery of the taper sleeve 3 has a taper part matched with the taper hole 21. The outer periphery of the taper sleeve 3 is uniformly provided with five direction grooves 31 extending in parallel with the axial direction. The inner periphery of the taper sleeve 3 has an inner hole I 32 matched with the shaft diameter I 101. The end face of the taper sleeve 3 is provided with a positioning groove I 33 communicated with the inner hole I 32, and the bottom face of the positioning groove I 33 is provided with a screw hole. The taper sleeve 3 is further provided with a fastening screw hole I 34 extending in the radial direction for screwing in a fastening screw. The shaft diameter I 101 is provided with a key groove I 105, and the positioning key I 6 located in the positioning groove I 33 extends into the key groove I 105. The screw 9 passes through the positioning key I 6 to fix the positioning key I 6 on the taper sleeve 3, so as to fix and connect the taper sleeve 3 with the shaft diameter I 101.

[0033] The inner periphery of the left end of the centering disc 4 has an inner hole II 42 matched with the shaft diameter II 102. The left end face of the centering disc 4 is provided with a positioning groove II 43 communicated with the inner hole II 42, and the bottom face of the positioning groove II 43 is provided with a screw hole. The shaft diameter II 102 is provided with a key groove II 106. The centering disc 4 is further provided with a fastening screw hole II 44 extending in the radial direction for screwing in a fastening screw. The positioning key II 7 located in the positioning groove II 43 extends into the key groove II 106. The positioning key II 7 is provided with a screw hole, and the screw 9 passes through the positioning key II 7 to fix the positioning key II 7 on the centering disc 4, so as to fix and connect the centering disc 4 with the shaft diameter II 102. The right end face of the centering disc 4 is provided with five center holes 45 matched with tailstock center pins 201 on a lathe; the five center holes 45 are uniformly distributed on the circumference with the crankshaft axis as the center. The axis of each center hole 45 coincides with the projection of the axis of one crank web 103 on the crankshaft cross section.

[0034] The clamping body 2 is provided with a recess 22 communicated with the taper hole 21 at the outer periphery of the taper hole 21. The bottom face of the recess 22 is provided with a screw hole. The direction key 8 passing through one direction groove 31 extends into the recess 22. The screw 9 passing through the direction key 8 fixes and connects the direction key 8 on the clamping body 2, so as to fix the taper sleeve 3 with the clamping body 2. At this time, the axis of the lathe spindle is coaxial with the axis of one center hole 45 and the axis of one crank web (i.e. the crank web to be machined) 103. When the screw is loosened and the direction key 8 is removed, the tailstock center pin 201 is withdrawn, and the taper sleeve 3, the crankshaft 100 and the centering disc 4 fixedly connected as a whole are rotated by 72° around the crankshaft axis (or the axis of the taper hole). At this time, the other direction groove is radially aligned with the recess, and the direction key 8 is fixed on the clamping body 2 after extending into the other direction groove and the recess 22. The axis of the lathe spindle is coaxial with the axis of the other center hole and the axis of the other crank web (i.e. the crank web to be machined).

[0035] The method comprises the following steps: embedding the positioning key one into the key groove one opened on the shaft diameter one, fixing the positioning key one on the taper sleeve, and then fixing the shaft diameter one on the inner hole of the taper sleeve by means of the clamping screw.

[0036] Embedding the positioning key two into the key groove two opened on the shaft diameter two, fixing the positioning key two on the centering disc, and then fixing the shaft diameter two on the centering disc by means of the clamping screw. The centering disc is provided with the center holes matched with the tailstock center, and the number of the center holes is the same as that of the crank webs.

[0037] The chuck is fixed on the lathe spindle, and the clamping body is fixed on the chuck.

[0038] Fixing the direction key passing through the direction slot in the recess of the clamping body by means of the screw, fixing the taper sleeve and the clamping body, and then coaxially arranging the axis of the lathe spindle, the axis of the center hole matched with the tailstock center, and the axis of the crank web to be machined. Then, the tailstock center is supported on the center hole coaxial with the axis of the lathe spindle. Rotating the lathe spindle to rotate the crankshaft to be machined around the axis of the crank web to be machined, and roughing or finishing the crank web to be machined by the turning tool.

[0039] After one crank web is machined, the screw is loosened, the direction key 8 is removed, the tailstock center 201 is withdrawn, the taper sleeve 3, the crankshaft 100 and the centering disc 4 fixedly connected as a whole are rotated around the axis of the crankshaft (or the axis of the taper hole) by 72°, the other direction slot is radially aligned with the recess 22 at this moment, the direction key 8 is fixed on the clamping body 2 after being inserted into the other direction slot and the recess 22, and the axis of the lathe spindle is coaxial with the axis of the other center hole and the axis of the other crank web (i.e. the machined crank web), so that the other crank web can be roughed or finished.

[0040] The present application realizes the machining of the eccentric crank web of the crankshaft on the lathe.

[0041] Working principle: the chuck is installed on the lathe spindle, the eccentric clamping body with the recess is fixed on the chuck by means of the bolt connection, the crankshaft is connected with the taper sleeve by means of the positioning key one, the direction key controls the five equal angles of the taper sleeve and the clamping body through the five-equal-direction slot, the tailstock center supports the centering disc with five center holes, the center distance is consistent with the eccentric clamping body, the centering disc is connected with the crankshaft by means of the positioning key two, and the bolt is locked and fixed. Rotating the chuck to drive the eccentric clamping body, and completing the machining of the five-angle crank web through the cooperation of the five direction slots on the taper sleeve and the corresponding tailstock center holes.

[0042] The clamp body is fixed on the chuck by three bolts 5, different eccentric values are calculated for each type of crankshaft, and the positioning cone sleeve is fixed by the direction key 8.

[0043] The cone sleeve cooperates with the taper hole slope of the clamp body, the crankshaft is connected with the cone sleeve by the positioning key 1, the side surface is locked and fixed by the fastening screw, the angle of the whole and the clamp body is fixed by the direction key 8, the same eccentricity can be achieved by rotating the cone sleeve and changing the direction groove.

[0044] The crankshaft is fixed with the centering disc by the positioning key 2 and the bolt or the fastening screw, the tail seat needle cooperates with the front centering disc to hold the center hole with the same angle to complete the machining of the crank with different angles.

[0045] The positioning key 1 6 and the positioning key 2 7 have the function of fixed positioning. The direction key 8 has the function of angle cooperation and fixing the cone sleeve and the clamp body.

[0046] The crankshaft in the emulsion pump with large flow and high pressure is processed by the eccentric crank with the set of clamp, the clamp is stable, the speed is fast, the efficiency is high, and the quality of the processed parts is stable.

[0047] The protection scope of the present application includes but is not limited to the above embodiments, the protection scope of the present application is subject to the claims, any replacement, deformation, improvement of the present technology which can be easily thought by the person skilled in the art falls into the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for roughing and finishing crankshaft cranks, wherein the crankshaft has two coaxial shaft diameters, one and two, at both ends, and the distance from the axis of each crank to the crankshaft axis, i.e., the eccentricity, is equal. Its characteristic is: The shaft diameter one is directly or indirectly fixed on the clamp body, the shaft diameter two is fixed on the centering disc, the centering disc is provided with the center hole matched with the tailstock center pin, the clamp body is directly or indirectly connected on the lathe spindle, the crankshaft axis is eccentric to the lathe spindle, the lathe spindle is coaxial with the axis of the crankpin to be machined and the axis of the center hole, and the tailstock center pin holds the center hole; the lathe spindle rotates, the crankshaft is driven by the clamp body to rotate around the axis of the crankpin to be machined, and the turning tool is used to rough turn or finish turn the crankpin to be machined.

2. The crank web roughing and finishing method as set forth in claim 1, characterized by: The shaft diameter one is fixed in the inner hole of the taper sleeve, the tapered outer periphery of the taper sleeve is matched with the tapered hole on the clamp body, the distance from the axis of the tapered hole to the axis of the lathe spindle is equal to the eccentric distance; the number of the center holes is equal to the number of the crankpins, and the axis of each center hole coincides with the projection of the axis of a crankpin on the crankshaft cross section; the taper sleeve, the crankshaft and the centering disc are rotated so that the axis of a crankpin to be machined is coaxial with the axis of the lathe spindle, then the taper sleeve is matched with the tapered hole and the taper sleeve is fixed with the clamp body.

3. The method of claim 2 wherein: The method for fixing the taper sleeve with the clamp body is that the taper sleeve is provided with the same number of direction grooves extending in the direction parallel to the axis on the outer periphery, the direction key passing through any direction groove is fixed in the same position of the clamp body, the taper sleeve is fixed with the clamp body, and the axis of the lathe spindle is coaxial with the axis of a center hole and the axis of a crankpin.

4. The method of claim 3 wherein: The number of the crankpins is 1-6, and the crankpins are uniformly distributed on the circumference with the crankshaft axis as the center.

5. The method of rough and finish machining of the crank web of the crankshaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for fixing the inner hole of the taper sleeve with the shaft diameter one is that the positioning key one is embedded in the key groove one on the shaft diameter one, and then the positioning key one is fixed on the taper sleeve.

6. The method of rough and finish machining of the crank web of the crankshaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for fixing one end of the centering disc with the shaft diameter two is that the positioning key two is embedded in the key groove two on the shaft diameter two, and then the positioning key two is fixed on the centering disc.

7. The crankshaft crank web roughing and finishing method as set forth in claim 1, characterized by: The lathe spindle is provided with the chuck, and the chuck is fixed with the clamp body.

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