Positioning structure for carriage welding

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of carriage machining, in particular to a carriage welding positioning structure which comprises a side abutting frame, a front abutting frame, a following frame, a first positioning plate, a second positioning plate and a locking assembly. The following frame always follows the carriage plate through clamping and locking of the locking block, so that in the pre-welding process, due to the fact that the following frame and the carriage plate are locked into a whole, the lining plate and the frame are tightly attached through the pressing and attaching process, the welding quality is improved, the spot welding process is guided through the first positioning plate and the second positioning plate, and the welding quality is improved. Welding steps are simplified while the welding precision is improved, the convenience degree is improved, in the continuous welding process, the following frame is located in the middle of the carriage plate in the front-back direction, the operation reference and the positioning and guiding reference can be provided in the continuous welding process, in conclusion, the positioning and guiding functions are provided in the welding process, and the welding efficiency is improved. And meanwhile, it is ensured that the lining plate is tightly attached to the frame in the spot welding process, the welding quality is improved, and the overall operation efficiency and convenience are improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of carriage processing, in particular to a positioning structure for carriage welding. BACKGROUND

[0002] The carriage plate is one of the important components in the vehicle, mainly bearing the functions of space structure support, cargo bearing, passenger safety protection, etc. The carriage plate is mainly formed by welding the external frame and the internal lining. In the process of processing the carriage plate, the lining is first enclosed by the external frame to form a rectangular profile, and then the connection between the frame and the lining is welded, and finally the required carriage plate is obtained.

[0003] At present, in the process of processing, first, two frames are placed in the set position and enclosed in L shape, then the lining is placed, and finally the remaining two frames are placed. By manually adjusting and cooperating with hydraulic pushing, the lining and the frame are tightly attached, so as to complete the positioning process of the frame and the lining. Then, the welding gun is manually held to pre-weld each connection, that is, the spot welding step is performed at different connections. After the above process is completed, the carriage plate is clamped and turned over to make the carriage plate in a vertical state. Then, the mechanical arm is used to continuously weld the connection, thus completing the processing of the carriage plate.

[0004] In the above process before welding, the following problems exist: In the pre-welding process, the lining and the frame need to be manually pressed tightly. The lining and the frame are positioned by manual adjustment. In the pre-welding process, the lining and the frame of the welding position need to be manually adjusted to ensure precise fitting. The positioning effect of the lining and the frame in the whole process mainly relies on manual adjustment. In the welding process, the spot welding position needs to be found manually and spot welded one by one, so the whole step is complicated. In the subsequent continuous welding process, the carriage plate needs to be repositioned and continuously welded. The whole welding positioning process is inefficient and the operation steps are complicated. SUMMARY

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a positioning structure for carriage welding to solve the above problems of the prior art.

[0006] The present application provides a positioning structure for carriage welding, comprising: an operation table, two left and right distributed side supports and two front and rear distributed positive supports are arranged on the operation table, wherein the left side support and the rear positive support are fixedly arranged on the operation table.

[0007] A following frame for positioning the lining and the frame is arranged on the operation table. Locking blocks are arranged on the left and right sides of the following frame. The frame is locked by the cooperation between the locking blocks and the side supports. A plurality of left and right equidistantly distributed abutting plates for abutting the lining are fixedly arranged on the lower end face of the following frame.

[0008] The following frame is provided with a positioning unit, which includes two rows of positioning components symmetrically distributed front and back. Each row of positioning components corresponds to a fitting plate. The positioning components include positioning plate one and positioning plate two for positioning the spot welding position.

[0009] The following frame is provided with a locking component. When the carriage plate needs to be turned over and welded, the positioning plate one and the positioning plate two are lifted and locked by the locking component.

[0010] The following frame and the fitting plate are used to press and position the lining plate. The close and tight action of the side support frame and the positive support frame makes the lining plate and the frame tightly positioned. In the pre-welding process, the positioning plate one and the positioning plate two are used to position the spot welding position. In the continuous welding process, the lower positioning plate one and the positioning plate two are locked by the locking component and guided by the following frame for continuous welding.

[0011] According to an advantageous embodiment, a groove is provided on the left lower end face of the following frame to accommodate the protruding section of the lining plate. A sliding block corresponding to the locking block is provided on the left and right sides of the following frame. The sliding block penetrates the following frame from top to bottom. The locking block is fixedly arranged on the lower end face of the corresponding sliding block.

[0012] According to an advantageous embodiment, the opposite faces of the two side support frames are provided with accommodation grooves for accommodating the locking block. The upper edges of the accommodation grooves are chamfered.

[0013] According to an advantageous embodiment, two front and back symmetric and axis vertical bolts are fixedly arranged on the sliding block. The bolts penetrate the following frame upward. A nut is threadedly arranged on the bolt for locking the sliding block.

[0014] According to an advantageous embodiment, the opposite faces of the two positive support frames are provided with avoidance grooves with a straight-angle trapezoidal cross section. The inclined faces of the two avoidance grooves are away from each other.

[0015] According to an advantageous embodiment, the positioning unit further includes a Z-shaped frame. The upper end face of the following frame is rotatably provided with a Z-shaped frame corresponding to the positioning component. The positioning plate one is fixedly arranged on the horizontal section of the Z-shaped frame away from the following frame. The positioning plate two is fixedly arranged on the right end face of the positioning plate one.

[0016] The positioning plate one is L-shaped. The vertical section of the positioning plate one is below the horizontal section. The lower end face of the upper horizontal section of the Z-shaped frame is fixedly provided with a tight block. When the tight block contacts the following frame, the positioning plate one and the positioning plate two are in contact with the carriage plate.

[0017] According to an advantageous embodiment, an inclined guide groove one is provided on the positioning plate one. A vertical guide groove two is provided on the positioning plate two. The upper end openings of the guide groove one and the guide groove two are chamfered.

[0018] When the positioning plate one and the positioning plate two are attached to the carriage plate, the guide groove one and the guide groove two are both directed to the connection between the lining plate and the frame.

[0019] According to an advantageous embodiment, the positioning unit further comprises mounting rods, a set of mounting rods with vertical axis and corresponding to the Z-shaped frame are fixedly arranged on the upper end surface of the follower frame, the number of mounting rods in each set is two, the mounting rods are sleeved with sliders sliding up and down, and the Z-shaped frame is rotationally arranged between the corresponding two sliders.

[0020] A spring sleeved on the mounting rod is fixedly arranged between the sliders and the follower frame.

[0021] According to an advantageous embodiment, the locking assembly comprises a follower rod, the upper end surfaces of all the horizontal segments on the upper side of the Z-shaped frame in the same row are fixedly arranged with the follower rod with the axis extending from left to right, and the upper end surface of the follower frame is fixedly arranged with four locking pieces arranged in a rectangular shape.

[0022] End surfaces of the locking pieces towards the follower rod are all provided with locking grooves, the locking grooves are L-shaped, the horizontal segments of the locking grooves are located above the vertical segments and the horizontal segments penetrate to the front side of the locking pieces.

[0023] According to an advantageous embodiment, the left end surface of the horizontal segment on the lower side of the Z-shaped frame is provided with a T-shaped clamping groove, and the positioning plate one is clamped and mounted into the corresponding clamping groove through a T-shaped clamping block.

[0024] In summary, the present application has the following advantages: in the present application, the follower frame is always followed by the carriage plate through the clamping and locking of the locking block, so that in the pre-welding process, the follower frame is locked and integrated with the carriage plate, and through the compression and attachment process, the lining plate and the frame are tightly attached, thereby improving the welding quality. In addition, through the positioning plate one and the positioning plate two, the spot welding process is guided, the welding precision is improved, the welding steps are simplified, and the convenience is improved. In the continuous welding process, the follower frame is located at the middle position in the front and rear direction of the carriage plate, which can provide an operation reference and a positioning and guiding reference in the continuous welding process. In summary, in the welding process, not only the positioning and guiding functions are provided, but also the lining plate and the frame are tightly attached in the spot welding process, the welding quality is improved, and the overall operation efficiency and convenience are improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creating any creative labor on the basis of the provided drawings.

[0026] Figure 1A perspective structural schematic view of a positioning structure for a carriage welding is shown according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0027] Figure 2 A perspective structural schematic view of a side abutting frame, a front abutting frame, a frame and a lining plate is shown according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0028] Figure 3 A front view of a following frame, a fitting plate and a side abutting frame is shown according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0029] Figure 4 A partial sectional perspective structural schematic view of a following frame, a side abutting frame and a locking block is shown according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0030] Figure 5 A partial sectional perspective structural schematic view of a following frame, a positioning plate one and a positioning plate two is shown according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0031] Figure 6 A perspective structural schematic view of a following frame, a positioning plate one and a positioning plate two in a horizontal state is shown according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 5 An enlarged view of A in FIG. 4.

[0032] Figure 7 A perspective structural schematic view of a following frame, a positioning plate one and a positioning plate two in a horizontal state is shown according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0033] Figure 8 A perspective structural schematic view of a following frame, a positioning plate one and a positioning plate two in a vertical state is shown according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0034] Figure 9 A perspective structural schematic view of a following frame, a positioning plate one and a positioning plate two in a vertical state is shown according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0035] In the above drawings, the following reference signs are used: 1, an operation table; 10, a side abutting frame; 11, a front abutting frame; 110, an avoiding groove; 2, a following frame; 20, a locking block; 21, a fitting plate; 23, a sliding block; 24, a containing groove; 25, a bolt; 3, a positioning unit; 30, a positioning assembly; 300, a positioning plate one; 301, a positioning plate two; 302, a guide groove one; 303, a guide groove two; 31, a locking assembly; 310, a spring; 311, a following rod; 312, a locking piece; 313, a locking groove; 32, a Z-shaped frame; 320, a clamping groove; 33, an abutting block; 34, an installation rod; 35, a sliding block; 4, a frame; 5, a lining plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] For the above purposes, features and advantages of the present application to be more apparent, the specific embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description, a number of specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application. However, the present application can be practiced in a number of different ways beyond the specific details set forth herein without departing from the scope of the present application, and it is understood that similar improvements can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present application, and therefore the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0037] As shown in Figure 1 , a positioning structure for carriage welding includes an operating table 1, the operating table 1 is provided with two left and right symmetrical side supports 10 and two front and rear symmetrical front supports 11, wherein the left side support 10 and the rear front support 11 are fixedly arranged on the operating table 1, and the remaining side supports 10 and front supports 11 are driven to move by external hydraulic cylinders (not shown in the figure), the moving direction of the right side support 10 is left and right movement, and the moving direction of the front front support 11 is front and rear movement.

[0038] As shown in Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the operating table 1 is provided with a following frame 2 for positioning the lining plate 5 and the frame 4, the left and right sides of the following frame 2 are both provided with locking blocks 20 which slide left and right, the frame 4 is locked by the cooperation between the locking blocks 20 and the side supports 10, and the lower end surface of the following frame 2 is fixedly provided with a plurality of left and right equidistantly distributed abutting plates 21 for abutting the lining plate 5.

[0039] As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 5 , the following frame 2 is provided with a positioning unit 3, the positioning unit 3 includes two rows of front and rear symmetrical positioning assemblies 30, the positioning assemblies 30 in each row correspond to the abutting plates 21 one by one, and the positioning assembly 30 includes a positioning plate one 300 and a positioning plate two 301 for positioning the spot welding position.

[0040] The following frame 2 is provided with a locking assembly 31, when the carriage plate needs to be turned over and welded, the positioning plate one 300 and the positioning plate two 301 are lifted and locked by the locking assembly 31 to avoid the continuous welding process.

[0041] When working, after the four side frames 4 in the compartment plate are placed on the operation table 1, the rear side frame 4 and the left side frame 4 are in contact and form a right angle, and the corresponding two side frames 4 are in contact with the rear side abutting frame 11 and the left side abutting frame 10, then the lining plate 5 and the remaining two side frames 4 are placed, the following frame 2 is manually installed, the lining plate 21 is fitted to the lining plate 5 in a manner that the following frame 2 is fitted to the side frame 4, so that the lining plate 5 is tightly pressed on the operation table 1 while the lining plate 5 is tightly attached to the rear side frame 4 and the left side frame 4, and the external hydraulic cylinder works to move the right side abutting frame 10 to the left and the front side abutting frame 11 to the rear, so that the four side frames 4 are in close contact and the lining plate 5 is in contact with the side frame 4. In the above process, the two locking blocks 20 also move to the left and right sides of the compartment plate (which is the compartment plate after the four side frames 4 and the lining plate 5 are spliced), so that the following frame 2 is locked to the compartment plate.

[0042] Secondly, after the above positioning operation, the positioning plate one 300 and the positioning plate two 301 in the positioning assembly 30 move to the set position, and the required spot welding position at the connection between the lining plate 5 and the side frame 4 is positioned by the positioning action of the positioning plate one 300 and the positioning plate two 301, while ensuring that the lining plate 5 and the side frame 4 at the welding position are in close contact, thereby improving the welding quality and progress, facilitating the subsequent spot welding step in the pre-welding process, and improving the convenience.

[0043] After the positioning operation of the following frame 2, the positioning plate one 300 and the positioning plate two 301, and after the spot welding step, continuous welding of the connection between the lining plate 5 and the side frame 4 is required, at which time the compartment plate needs to be turned over, and after turning over, the positioning plate one 300 and the positioning plate two 301 below are locked by the locking assembly 31 to avoid the continuous welding action, and the following frame 2, the positioning plate one 300 and the positioning plate two 301 on the upper side can be used as positioning reference to guide welding of different curved areas at the connection.

[0044] In summary, during the spot welding step and the continuous welding step of the side frame 4 and the lining plate 5 in the compartment plate, the welding position at the connection is positioned and guided, which improves the convenience and accuracy in the welding process.

[0045] It should be additionally pointed out that when the following frame 2 is tightly attached to the side frame and the lining plate 5 is fitted to the lining plate 5, the positioning plate one 300 and the positioning plate two 301 are moved to the set guide position, and this matching process is obtained by many tests by workers in the field and belongs to the existing known features, which will not be described in detail.

[0046] As Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the lower end surface of the left side of the following frame 2 is provided with a groove suitable for the protruding section of the lining plate 5, and the upper and lower sliding blocks 23 corresponding to the locking blocks 20 are arranged on the left and right sides of the following frame 2, and the sliding blocks 23 penetrate the following frame 2 from top to bottom, and the locking blocks 20 are fixedly arranged on the lower end surface corresponding to the sliding blocks 23.

[0047] In order to improve the friction between the locking blocks 20 and the frame 4 when the locking blocks 20 are attached to the frame 4, the opposite surfaces of the two locking blocks 20 are sawtooth surfaces.

[0048] As shown in Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the opposite surfaces of the two side supporting frames 10 are provided with accommodating grooves 24 for accommodating the locking blocks 20, and the upper edges of the accommodating grooves 24 are chamfered.

[0049] As shown in Figure 4 , two front and rear symmetrical bolts 25 with vertical axis are fixedly arranged on the sliding blocks 23, the bolts 25 penetrate the following frame 2 upward, and the nuts for locking the sliding blocks 23 are threadedly arranged on the bolts 25.

[0050] In operation, after the rear side and the left side frame 4 are in close contact and the lining plate 5 is placed, the positions of the sliding blocks 23 and the locking blocks 20 are preliminarily adjusted, the following frame 2 is moved downward so that the following frame 2 is gradually pressed downward, the following frame 2 drives the attachment plate 21 to attach to the lining plate 5, at this time, the lining plate 5 is attached to the rear side and the left side frame 4 and maintains the required set bending shape, it is necessary to supplement that in the above process, the left side sliding block 23 drives the corresponding locking block 20 to be clamped into the accommodating groove 24 in the left side supporting frame 10, and the right side locking block 20 is located between the right side supporting frame 10 and the right side frame 4.

[0051] Then the external hydraulic cylinder works to move the front side and the right side frame 4 to the set position, thus the four frames 4 form a rectangular frame wrapping the lining plate 5, and in the process of moving the right side frame 4, the accommodating groove 24 in the right side supporting frame 10 gradually fits with the right side locking block 20 and pushes the right side locking block 20 to move leftward, when the right side supporting frame 10 moves to tightly abut the corresponding frame 4, the right side locking block 20 is attached to the frame 4, then all nuts are tightened by artificial or mechanical arm to lock the sliding blocks 23, thus the two locking blocks 20 are locked, the following frame 2 is integrally fixed with the frame 4, and the reference for the subsequent welding process is determined.

[0052] As shown in Figure 2 , the opposite surfaces of the two positive supporting frames 11 are provided with avoidance grooves 110 with a straight trapezoidal cross section, and the inclined surfaces of the two avoidance grooves 110 are away from each other.

[0053] As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 5As shown, the positioning unit 3 further comprises a Z-shaped frame 32, the Z-shaped frame 32 is arranged on the upper end surface of the following frame 2 corresponding to the positioning assembly 30, the first positioning plate 300 is fixedly arranged on the horizontal section of the Z-shaped frame 32 away from the following frame 2, and the second positioning plate 301 is fixedly arranged on the right end surface of the first positioning plate 300.

[0054] The first positioning plate 300 is L-shaped, the vertical section of the first positioning plate 300 is below the horizontal section, and the lower end surface of the upper horizontal section of the Z-shaped frame 32 is fixedly provided with an abutting block 33, when the abutting block 33 contacts the following frame 2, the first positioning plate 300 and the second positioning plate 301 are in contact with the compartment plate.

[0055] In the process of lowering the following frame 2 to abut against the frame 4, the following frame 2 drives the Z-shaped frame 32 on it to move downward synchronously, at this time, the abutting block 33 of the Z-shaped frame 32 contacts the following frame 2, so that the Z-shaped frame 32 is placed in a horizontal state, and the Z-shaped frame 32 drives the first positioning plate 300 and the second positioning plate 301 on it to move downward synchronously, and the vertical section of the first positioning plate 300 is facilitated to be clamped into the front and rear sides of the compartment plate through the setting of the avoiding slot 110. Finally, the following frame 2 presses the compartment plate, and the horizontal section of the first positioning plate 300 and the second positioning plate 301 are both attached to the compartment plate, and the vertical section of the first positioning plate 300 is clamped into the front and rear sides of the compartment plate, so that the following frame 2 is located at the middle position in the front and rear directions of the compartment plate at this time, and the reference positioning process is completed.

[0056] As shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6 The first positioning plate 300 is provided with an inclined guide slot 302, and the second positioning plate 301 is provided with a vertical guide slot 303, and the upper end openings of the guide slot 302 and the guide slot 303 are both chamfered.

[0057] When the first positioning plate 300 and the second positioning plate 301 are attached to the compartment plate, the guide slot 302 and the guide slot 303 are both directed to the connection between the lining plate 5 and the frame 4.

[0058] When the following frame 2 completes the reference positioning, the first positioning plate 300 is located directly above the corresponding recessed section of the lining plate 5, and the second positioning plate 301 is located directly above the corresponding protruding section of the lining plate 5, so that in the spot welding step in the pre-welding process, the welding process is guided through the guide slot 302 and the guide slot 303, and the welding gun is held by artificial hand or mechanical arm, and the connection between the frame 4 and the lining plate 5 is directly welded. Through the above positioning mode, the welding step is simplified, and the welding precision is improved.

[0059] In the continuous welding process, the following frame 2 is located at the middle position of the front and back direction of the carriage plate by the way that the vertical section of the positioning plate one 300 is attached to the frame 4, and the positioning plate one 300 is opposite to the inner concave section of the lining plate 5, so that in the continuous welding step after the turning, the continuous welding process of different bending areas of the connection can be guided by the position of the following frame 2 and the position of the positioning plate one 300.

[0060] As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 5 , the positioning unit 3 further comprises mounting rods 34, a group of mounting rods 34 with vertical axis and corresponding to the Z-shaped frame 32 are fixedly arranged on the upper end surface of the following frame 2, the number of each group of mounting rods 34 is two, the mounting rod 34 is sleeved with a sliding block 35 that slides up and down, and the Z-shaped frame 32 is rotationally arranged between the corresponding two sliding blocks 35.

[0061] The sliding block 35 and the following frame 2 are jointly fixedly arranged with a spring 310 sleeved on the mounting rod 34.

[0062] As shown in Figure 1 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 , the locking assembly 31 comprises a following rod 311, the upper end surfaces of all the upper horizontal sections of the Z-shaped frame 32 in the same row are jointly fixedly arranged with the following rod 311 with axis extending from left to right, and the upper end surface of the following frame 2 is fixedly arranged with four rectangularly arranged locking pieces 312.

[0063] The end surface of the locking piece 312 towards the following rod 311 is provided with a locking groove 313, and the front right locking groove 313 is taken as an example for description, the front right locking groove 313 is L-shaped, the horizontal section of the locking groove 313 is located above the vertical section and penetrates to the front side of the locking piece 312.

[0064] In order to facilitate the following rod 311 to be clamped into the locking groove 313, the opening of the horizontal section of the locking groove 313 is chamfered.

[0065] Referring to Figure 7 , in the pre-welding process, the following frame 2 is placed horizontally, and the positioning plate one 300 is in a horizontal state, in this state, the spring 310 is in a stretched state, and the elastic force generated by the stretching deformation of the spring 310 makes the Z-shaped frame 32 drive the abutting block 33 to tightly abut against the following frame 2 and the positioning plate one 300 to tightly abut against the frame 4, so as to ensure the accurate positioning and avoid the problem of inaccurate positioning guide caused by the positioning plate one 300 not tightly abutting against the frame 4.

[0066] Referring to Figure 8In the continuous welding process, the carriage plate is first spot-welded and needs to be flipped to a vertical state, and the continuous welding is performed at the joint between the lining plate 5 below the carriage plate and the frame 4 in the vertical state. At this time, the corresponding side of the following rod 311 is manually pulled, the Z-shaped frame 32, the positioning plate one 300 and the positioning plate two 301 are synchronously moved upward, and it needs to be explained that the vertical section of the positioning plate one 300 is out of contact with the outside of the frame 4, the spring 310 is continuously stretched, then the following rod 311 and the Z-shaped frame 32 are rotated to flip the positioning plate one 300 and the positioning plate two 301, and the following rod 311 gradually enters the horizontal section of the locking groove 313. When the following rod 311 enters the vertical section of the locking groove 313, the elastic force generated by the deformation of the spring 310 makes the following rod 311 always be locked in the vertical section of the locking groove 313. Therefore, after the following frame 2 is flipped synchronously with the carriage plate, the corresponding Z-shaped frame 32, positioning plate one 300 and positioning plate two 301 are maintained in a suspended state and locked by the locking groove 313 through the above-mentioned manner, so as to avoid the problem that the lower positioning plate one 300 and the positioning plate two 301 interfere with the continuous welding process during the continuous welding process. At the same time, the upper positioning plate one 300 maintains the state of adhering to the carriage plate, and the two locking blocks 20 maintain the clamping state, so that the following frame 2 and the upper positioning plate one 300 and the positioning plate two 301 can be used as a reference for guiding the continuous welding.

[0067] As shown in Figure 6 The left end surface of the lower horizontal section of the Z-shaped frame 32 is provided with a T-shaped clamping groove 320, and the positioning plate one 300 is clamped and installed in the corresponding clamping groove 320 through a T-shaped clamping block.

[0068] In order to meet the welding requirements of different lengths of carriage plates, according to the welding size of the carriage plate, the corresponding length of the positioning plate one 300 is selected, and the assembly process of the positioning plate one 300 is completed by clamping the clamping block into the corresponding clamping groove 320. Therefore, in the subsequent process of adhering the following frame 2 to the carriage plate, it is ensured that the vertical section of the positioning plate one 300 can adhere to the front side or the rear side of the frame 4, and finally it is ensured that the following frame 2 can be located at the middle position in the front-rear direction of the carriage plate after being locked.

[0069] It needs to be explained that in the existing operation process, in the pre-welding process, the frame 4 and the lining plate 5 are usually installed in sequence by manual, and the frame 4 and the lining plate 5 are adhered by external hydraulic devices, then the welding position is pressed by manual during welding, so as to ensure that the area between the lining plate 5 and the frame 4 which needs to be spot welded is closely adhered, the above process is repeated for many times, the pre-welding process is completed, and the tool carriage plate needs to be clamped again and continuously welded in the continuous welding process, the following frame 2, the locking block 20, the first positioning plate 300, the second positioning plate 301 and the locking assembly 31 are added in the technical scheme, the following frame 2 is locked with the carriage plate by the locking block 20, and the lining plate 5 and the frame 4 are closely adhered, welding quality is improved, then the first positioning plate 300 and the second positioning plate 301 guide the spot welding process, welding precision is improved, welding steps are simplified, and convenience is improved, the following frame 2 is located at the middle position in the front-back direction of the carriage plate by the first positioning plate 300, an operation reference is provided in the continuous welding process, the above added components are all conventional components, and the installation mode is also a common installation mode, so the components can be used for a long time after single installation, therefore, compared with economic benefits brought by improvement of welding precision, quality and convenience of the welding process, the cost increase is negligible, and the technical scheme is a specific improvement based on the technical defects and solving the technical defects.

[0070] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientation words such as "front, rear, upper, lower, left, right", "transverse, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal" and "top, bottom" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate and imply that the indicated device or element must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, therefore, it cannot be understood as a limitation on the protection scope of the present application; the orientation words "inner, outer" refer to the inner and outer of the contour of each component itself.

[0071] In addition, the terms "first", "second", "No. 1", "No. 2" are only for description purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first", "second", "No. 1", "No. 2" can explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "multiple" is at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically limited.

[0072] In the description of the present application, it also needs to be explained that, unless explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set", "connected", "mounted", "connected" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be connected inside two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0073] The embodiments of the specific implementation are the preferred embodiments of the present application, and do not limit the protection scope of the present application, so that equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, principle of the present application should be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A positioning structure for welding a train carriage, characterized in that, include: The operating table is provided with two side abutments distributed to the left and right and two front abutments distributed to the front and back, wherein the left side abutments and the rear front abutments are fixedly installed on the operating table; The operating table is equipped with a follower frame for positioning the liner and the frame. Locking blocks are slidably installed on both the left and right sides of the follower frame. The frame is locked by the cooperation between the locking blocks and the side abutment. Multiple bonding plates are fixedly installed on the lower end face of the follower frame, which are distributed equidistantly on the left and right and are used to bond the liner. The following frame is equipped with a positioning unit, which includes two rows of positioning components symmetrically distributed front and back. Each row of positioning components corresponds to a bonding plate. The positioning components include a positioning plate one and a positioning plate two for positioning the spot welding position. The following frame is equipped with a locking component. When the carriage panel needs to be flipped and welded, the positioning plate one and the positioning plate two are lifted and locked by the locking component. The liner is pressed and positioned by the follower frame and the bonding plate. The close-approaching and pressing action of the side abutment frame and the front abutment frame ensures that the welded joint between the liner and the frame is tightly positioned. During the pre-welding process, the spot welding position is positioned by the positioning plate one and the positioning plate two. During the continuous welding process, the lower positioning plate one and the positioning plate two are locked by the locking component and the follower frame is used as a reference to guide the continuous welding.

2. The positioning structure for welding a carriage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following frame has sliding blocks that correspond to the locking blocks, which slide left and right. The sliding blocks pass through the following frame vertically, and the locking blocks are fixedly installed on the lower end face of the corresponding sliding blocks.

3. The positioning structure for welding a carriage according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both of the two side abutments have receiving grooves on their opposite sides for accommodating the locking blocks, and the upper edges of the receiving grooves are beveled.

4. A positioning structure for welding a carriage according to claim 2, characterized in that: Two bolts are fixedly installed on the sliding block, which are symmetrical front and back and have vertical axes. The bolts pass through the follower frame upward and are threaded with nuts for locking the sliding block.

5. The positioning structure for welding a carriage according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both of the two positive abutment frames have right-angled trapezoidal clearance grooves on their opposite surfaces, and the inclined surfaces of the two clearance grooves are far apart from each other.

6. The positioning structure for welding a carriage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning unit also includes a Z-shaped frame, and a Z-shaped frame corresponding to the positioning component is rotatably provided on the upper end face of the following frame. Positioning plate one is fixedly provided on the horizontal section of the Z-shaped frame away from the following frame, and positioning plate two is fixedly provided on the right end face of positioning plate one. The first positioning plate is L-shaped, with its vertical section located below its horizontal section. A clamping block is fixedly installed on the lower end face of the horizontal section on the upper side of the Z-shaped frame. When the clamping block contacts the following frame, the first positioning plate and the second positioning plate are in close contact with the carriage panel.

7. A positioning structure for welding a carriage according to claim 6, characterized in that: The positioning plate one has an oblique guide groove one, and the positioning plate two has a vertical guide groove two. The upper openings of both guide groove one and guide groove two are chamfered. When positioning plate one and positioning plate two are attached to the carriage panel, guide groove one and guide groove two both point to the connection between the liner and the frame.

8. A positioning structure for welding a carriage according to claim 6, characterized in that: The positioning unit also includes mounting rods. A set of mounting rods with vertical axes and corresponding to the Z-shaped frame are fixedly installed on the upper end face of the follower frame. There are two mounting rods in each set. The mounting rods are fitted with sliders that slide up and down. The Z-shaped frame is rotatably positioned between the two corresponding sliders. A spring sleeved on the mounting rod is fixedly installed between the slider and the follower frame.

9. A positioning structure for welding a carriage according to claim 6, characterized in that: The locking assembly includes a follower rod. The upper end face of the upper horizontal section of all Z-shaped frames in the same row is fixedly provided with a follower rod whose axis extends from left to right. The upper end face of the follower frame is fixedly provided with four locking pieces arranged in a rectangle. The locking member has a locking groove on the end face facing the follower rod. The locking groove is L-shaped, with the horizontal section of the locking groove located above the vertical section and extending through to the front side of the locking member. The openings of the horizontal sections of the locking grooves are all chamfered.

10. A positioning structure for welding a carriage according to claim 6, characterized in that: The left end face of the horizontal section on the lower side of the Z-shaped frame is provided with a T-shaped snap-fit ​​groove, and the positioning plate is snapped into the corresponding snap-fit ​​groove by a T-shaped snap-fit ​​block.

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