Lignocellulose waste biological pre-depolymerization system for anaerobic fermentation

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of biological fermentation, and particularly relates to a lignocellulose waste biological pre-depolymerization system for anaerobic fermentation, comprising: a pretreatment device comprising a pretreatment bin and a stirring device for stirring, turning and mixing organic waste in the bin; the fermentation device comprises a square bin and a moving mechanism arranged at the bottom of the square bin, and the square bin is selectively connected with the discharge port of the pretreatment bin in a sealed mode through a rapid butt joint structure; the spraying device is arranged in the pretreatment bin and used for spraying adjusting liquid and a pretreatment fungicide to the organic waste; the liquid circulating device comprises a solid-liquid screening mechanism, a liquid collector and a pumping unit; the pumping unit is used for pumping the liquid in the liquid collector back to the spraying device; and the temperature control device comprises a heat preservation structure arranged in the square bin and a bin body heater for heating the square bin. Therefore, the problems of non-uniform mixing, unstable temperature, high energy consumption and poor applicability of a pre-depolymerization system in the prior art are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of bio-fermentation technology, specifically relating to a bio-pre-depolymerization system for lignocellulosic waste used in anaerobic fermentation. Background Technology

[0002] The efficient resource utilization of organic waste (such as crop straw) is of great significance for environmental protection and sustainable development. Achieving its harmlessness, stabilization, and resource recovery through aerobic fermentation is one of the mainstream treatment pathways, and efficient pretreatment is a crucial step in ensuring the effectiveness of subsequent fermentation. However, existing bio-pre-depolymerization systems for lignocellulosic waste used in anaerobic fermentation still face many technical bottlenecks in achieving effective pretreatment—especially in creating ideal conditions for subsequent deep hydrolysis and acidification—severely restricting their treatment efficiency, economic viability, and large-scale application.

[0003] Firstly, in terms of material mixing and conditioning, existing technologies struggle to achieve uniform mixing of liquids with loose, lignocellulosic solid wastes (such as straw). Commonly used single-stage spraying and fixed-angle nozzles fail to create a uniform humidity field within the material, leading to localized over-wetting or under-wetting, and making it impossible to stably control the material's moisture content within the activity range (e.g., 85%-90%) required for subsequent hydrolysis and acidification by microorganisms. Simultaneously, mixing devices are often not optimized for the physical characteristics of straw-like materials, easily creating mixing dead zones or excessively damaging the material structure. This not only affects uniformity but also hinders the formation of a suitable pore structure to promote fermentation.

[0004] Secondly, existing systems are severely inadequate in controlling temperature during the creation and maintenance of the fermentation environment. Pretreated materials require a stable temperature during fermentation to activate and maintain the activity of hydrolytic and acidifying bacteria. However, existing fermentation chambers generally lack effective insulation design and energy-efficient active heating methods, resulting in rapid heat loss and large temperature fluctuations. This not only prolongs the hydrolysis and acidification cycle, leading to low processing efficiency, but also significantly increases operating costs due to reliance on energy-intensive heating methods.

[0005] Furthermore, existing technologies have significant shortcomings in resource utilization and process control. The free liquid generated during the pretreatment stage often contains leaching components and microorganisms that promote hydrolysis and acidification, but most existing systems lack effective collection and recycling of such liquids, resulting in resource waste and increased load on subsequent water treatment. Simultaneously, the entire pretreatment and fermentation process lacks closed-loop control based on key parameters (such as humidity and temperature), making it impossible to dynamically adjust the process according to the material state, leading to unstable treatment results.

[0006] Furthermore, existing pre-depolymerization systems suffer from poor overall architectural flexibility, often employing a fixed-capacity single-compartment design that cannot flexibly adapt to fluctuations in processing scale, creating capacity bottlenecks when continuous processing or large-scale applications are required. The integration between functional units within the system is poor, resulting in low space utilization. Moreover, key components exhibit deficiencies in corrosion resistance, residue prevention, and maintainability, impacting the long-term reliability and economic efficiency of the equipment.

[0007] Therefore, in view of the problems of uneven mixing, unstable temperature, high energy consumption and poor applicability of the existing pre-depolymerization system, it is necessary to optimize and improve the organic waste pretreatment scheme to create stable, controllable and efficient pretreatment conditions for subsequent efficient hydrolysis and acidification, and ultimately improve the fermentation efficiency and fermentation quality of the fermentation equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to provide a biological pre-depolymerization system for lignocellulosic waste used in anaerobic fermentation, in order to solve the problems of uneven mixing, unstable temperature, high energy consumption and poor applicability of existing pre-depolymerization systems.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a biological pre-depolymerization system for lignocellulosic waste used in anaerobic fermentation, comprising: The pretreatment device includes a pretreatment chamber and a mixing device for stirring and turning the organic waste in the chamber. One or more fermentation devices, the fermentation device including a square hopper and a moving mechanism disposed at its bottom, the square hopper being selectively and sealingly connected to the discharge port of the pretreatment hopper via a quick-connect structure; A spraying device, installed inside the pretreatment chamber, is used to spray conditioning liquid and pretreatment microbial agent onto the organic waste; A liquid circulation device includes a solid-liquid separation mechanism, a liquid collector, and a pumping unit. The solid-liquid separation mechanism is located at the bottom of the pretreatment chamber to separate free liquid while conveying solid materials. The liquid collector is located below the solid-liquid separation mechanism to collect the free liquid. The pumping unit pumps the liquid in the liquid collector back to the spraying device. A temperature control device includes an insulation structure located in the container and a container heater for heating the container.

[0010] Alternatively, the spraying device includes at least two stages of spraying pipes spaced apart in the height direction of the pretreatment chamber, and the spraying direction of the nozzles of at least a portion of the spraying pipes is inclined at an acute angle relative to the vertical direction.

[0011] Optionally, the at least two-stage spray pipeline includes an upper spray pipeline and a lower spray pipeline; the nozzles of the upper spray pipeline are inclined downwards, with an angle of 30°-50° with the vertical direction; the nozzles of the lower spray pipeline are inclined upwards, with an angle of 20°-40° with the vertical direction.

[0012] Alternatively, the nozzle is connected to the spray pipe via an adjustment structure configured to adjust the spray angle of the nozzle.

[0013] Optionally, the inner wall of the container is welded with a stainless steel corrosion-resistant layer; the corner of the container is provided with an arc-shaped transition structure with a radius of 10-15mm.

[0014] Optionally, a track is provided on the base surface, and the moving mechanism can move along the track; multiple square bins are configured, and the multiple square bins are arranged side by side on one side of the track, and the moving mechanism enables the female connector of any square bin to mate with the male connector of the pretreatment bin.

[0015] Optionally, the temperature control device may further include a solar thermal collector installed on the top of the container, the solar thermal collector being connected to the heat transfer fluid of the container heater.

[0016] Alternatively, the fermentation apparatus may further include a breathable and waterproof membrane covering the top opening of the square silo and a membrane storage and dispensing device for storing and dispensing the breathable and waterproof membrane.

[0017] Optionally, the lignocellulosic waste bio-pre-depolymerization system for anaerobic fermentation further includes a controller, which is communicatively connected to a humidity detector, a temperature detector, a pressure detector, a pumping unit, and a chamber heater; the humidity detector is located inside the pretreatment chamber to detect the current humidity information of the pretreatment chamber; the temperature detector is located in the chamber to detect the current temperature information inside the chamber; and the pressure detector is located below the pretreatment chamber to measure the current weight information of the pretreatment chamber. The controller controls the stirring device, spraying device, pumping unit, and chamber heater to perform corresponding actions based on the current weight, humidity, and temperature information.

[0018] Alternatively, the system may also include a folding conveyor located on the discharge side of the fermentation device, the folding conveyor being used to connect to the discharge port of the silo.

[0019] Based on the aforementioned technical solutions, material homogenization is achieved through the synergy of a stirring device and a spraying device. A temperature control device provides a stable, optimal temperature for the fermentation chamber, creating an ideal physical and chemical environment for hydrolysis and acidification processes, significantly accelerating the degradation and acidification of straw, thereby shortening the entire pretreatment cycle and improving processing efficiency. The liquid circulation device forms a closed liquid treatment loop, capable of recovering and reusing excess water and inoculant-rich liquid, reducing the consumption of fresh water and inoculants, and lowering operating costs. The modular fermentation unit (mobile chamber) connects to the pretreatment chamber via a quick-connect structure, allowing pretreatment and fermentation processes to operate in parallel. While one chamber is fermenting, the pretreatment chamber can continue to feed other chambers, enabling the system to flexibly adapt to different scales of processing needs, breaking through the capacity bottleneck of fixed equipment, and maximizing overall processing capacity and equipment utilization. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the biological pre-depolymerization system for lignocellulosic waste used in anaerobic fermentation provided by the present invention; Figure 2 This is a top view schematic diagram of the biological prepolymerization system for lignocellulosic waste used in anaerobic fermentation provided by the present invention.

[0022] In the above attached figures: 11-Pretreatment chamber, 12-Stirring device, 21-Square silo, 22-Moving mechanism, 23-Hard shell, 3-Spraying device, 41-Solid-liquid sieving mechanism, 42-Liquid collector, 5-Railway, 6-Humidity detector, 7-Temperature detector, 8-Pressure detector, 9-Traveling trolley. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that while these descriptions of embodiments are intended to aid in understanding the invention, they do not constitute a limitation thereof. The specific structural and functional details disclosed herein are merely for describing exemplary embodiments of the invention. However, the invention can be embodied in many alternative forms and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments described herein.

[0024] According to a first aspect of this disclosure, a bio-pre-depolymerization system for lignocellulosic waste undergoing anaerobic fermentation is provided as a pre-treatment step for fermentation equipment. Wherein, Figure 1 and Figure 2 This paper presents a specific implementation example of the bio-prepolymerization system for lignocellulosic waste used in anaerobic fermentation.

[0025] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the lignocellulosic waste bio-prepolymerization system for anaerobic fermentation includes: a pretreatment device, including a pretreatment chamber 11 and a stirring device 12 for stirring and mixing the organic waste in the chamber; one or more fermentation devices, each fermentation device including a square chamber 21 and a moving mechanism 22 disposed at its bottom, the square chamber 21 being selectively and sealably connected to the discharge port of the pretreatment chamber 11 via a quick-connect structure; a spraying device 3, disposed within the pretreatment chamber 11, for spraying conditioning liquid onto the organic waste; a liquid circulation device, including a solid-liquid screening mechanism 41, a liquid collector 42, and a pumping unit, the solid-liquid screening mechanism 41 being disposed at the bottom of the pretreatment chamber 11 for separating free liquid while conveying solid materials; the liquid collector 42 being located below the solid-liquid screening mechanism 41 for collecting free liquid; the pumping unit for pumping the liquid in the liquid collector 42 back to the spraying device 3; and a temperature control device, including an insulation structure disposed within the square chamber 21 and a chamber heater for heating the square chamber 21.

[0026] The specific working process of the bio-pre-depolymerization system for lignocellulosic waste used in anaerobic fermentation is as follows: 1. Homogeneous Conditioning Stage: Organic waste such as straw enters the pretreatment chamber 11, where the stirring device 12 continuously stirs and mixes it. Simultaneously, the spraying device 3 sprays conditioning liquid (such as water or a bacterial solution containing acidifying bacteria) onto the material. The core objective of this stage is to achieve homogenization of the material. The stirring action breaks down the physical structure of the straw, increasing its specific surface area; while the uniform spraying ensures that the material receives the necessary and evenly distributed moisture for hydrolysis.

[0027] 2. Liquid Circulation and Optimization Stage: The conditioned material falls to the solid-liquid screening mechanism 41. While conveying the solid material, this device separates excess, unadsorbed free liquid, which is collected by the liquid collector 42 and then pumped back to the spray device 3 via the pumping unit. This process achieves internal liquid circulation, and its core function is to precisely control and stabilize the final moisture content of the material. Excessive moisture content reduces the processing capacity of the pretreatment device; while excessively low moisture content hinders signal transmission between microorganisms. This device removes excess liquid, precisely maintaining the material moisture content within the range most suitable for the activity of hydrolytic and acidifying bacteria, creating an ideal humidity environment for efficient biochemical reactions.

[0028] 3. Constant Temperature Fermentation Stage: The material, after conditioning and optimization of moisture content, is fed into the container 21 via a rapid docking structure. The temperature control device then activates: the insulation structure minimizes heat loss, while the container heater provides an active heat source, ensuring that the internal temperature of the container 21 rises rapidly and stabilizes within the optimal range of approximately 60°C. This stable medium-high temperature environment provides dual benefits: it accelerates the hydrolysis rate of components such as hemicellulose and cellulose in the straw, and creates suitable conditions for the rapid proliferation and metabolism of thermophilic acidifying microorganisms, thereby efficiently converting hydrolysis products into organic acids.

[0029] Based on the above technical solutions, the homogenization of materials is achieved through the synergy of the stirring device 12 and the spraying device 3. A stable and optimal temperature is provided to the fermentation chamber 21 by the temperature control device, creating an ideal physicochemical environment for the hydrolysis and acidification processes, significantly accelerating the degradation and acidification of straw, thereby shortening the entire pretreatment cycle and improving processing efficiency. The liquid circulation device forms a closed liquid treatment loop, which can recover and reuse excess water and liquid rich in microbial agents, reducing the consumption of fresh water and microbial agents and lowering operating costs. The modular fermentation device (mobile chamber 21) is connected to the pretreatment chamber 11 via a quick-connect structure, allowing pretreatment and fermentation processes to operate in parallel. While one chamber 21 is fermenting, the pretreatment chamber 11 can continue to feed other chambers 21, enabling the system to flexibly adapt to different scales of processing needs, breaking through the capacity bottleneck of fixed equipment, and maximizing overall processing capacity and equipment utilization.

[0030] It should be noted that directional terms such as "inner" and "outer" refer to "inner" and "outer" relative to the outline of the component. "Inner" refers to the direction towards the inside of the component, and "outer" refers to the direction away from it. Furthermore, terms such as "first" and "second" are used to distinguish one element from another and do not indicate sequence or importance. Moreover, in the following descriptions with accompanying drawings, the same reference numerals in different drawings represent the same element. The phrase "and / or" in the text refers to A and / or B, indicating that there are three possible scenarios: only A, only B, and both A and B. The phrase " / and" in the text refers to A and B, indicating that there are two possible scenarios: only A and both A and B.

[0031] In one embodiment provided in this disclosure, the spraying device 3 includes at least two stages of spraying pipes spaced apart along the height of the pretreatment chamber 11, and the spraying direction of the nozzles in at least a portion of the spraying pipes is inclined at an acute angle relative to the vertical direction. The multi-stage arrangement of nozzles can cover the material's tumbling area at different heights within the chamber, while the inclined spraying allows liquid to be sprayed onto the material from different positions, increasing the contact opportunity and coverage area between the liquid and the organic waste. This fundamentally improves the uniformity of the material's moisture content, avoiding localized over-wetness or over-dryness, and creating stable and consistent initial conditions for subsequent aerobic fermentation.

[0032] Furthermore, the nozzles at different heights and angles create a synergistic and complementary function. The downward-sloping spray from the upper spray pipes helps the liquid penetrate and wet the surface and middle layers of the material from top to bottom; while the upward-sloping spray from the lower spray pipes provides targeted humidification and agitation to areas prone to sedimentation at the bottom of the chamber, effectively preventing the sprayed liquid from being carried away by the bottom conveyor mechanism without being mixed. This three-dimensional humidification mode, working in tandem from top to bottom, achieves comprehensive and uniform conditioning of the material, enhancing the uniformity and efficiency of mixing.

[0033] The multi-layered, multi-angled spray layout can form a three-dimensional, cross-shaped liquid distribution network in the pretreatment chamber 11, thereby increasing the contact opportunities and coverage of the liquid with the organic waste in the tumbling process, effectively eliminating spray dead corners. This can improve the uniformity of material moisture content, avoid local over-wetness or over-dryness, create stable and ideal initial conditions for subsequent aerobic fermentation, and help improve fermentation efficiency and quality.

[0034] The downward-sloping spray from the upper spray pipes helps the liquid penetrate and wet the surface and middle layers of the material from top to bottom; while the upward-sloping spray from the lower spray pipes agitates and humidifies the bottom area of ​​the silo and the deposited material, effectively preventing the sprayed liquid from being carried away by the bottom conveyor mechanism and failing to participate in the mixing. This synergistic effect achieves uniform humidification of the material from top to bottom, enhancing the uniformity and efficiency of mixing.

[0035] Specifically, the system comprises at least two levels of spray piping, including an upper spray piping and a lower spray piping. The nozzles of the upper spray piping are angled downwards at an angle of 30°-50° to the vertical. The nozzles of the lower spray piping are angled upwards at an angle of 20°-40° to the vertical. Through their specific spray directions and angles, the upper and lower spray piping systems create a three-dimensional, intersecting liquid distribution field within the silo, effectively covering the space from the top to the bottom of the silo and achieving uniform humidification of the material from all directions without any blind spots.

[0036] Specifically, the downward-sloping upper nozzles allow the liquid to cover and penetrate the surface and upper-middle layers of the material with initial kinetic energy, effectively wetting newly added, relatively dry material. The angle also prevents excessive liquid concentration in the center of the silo or direct splashing onto the silo walls. Simultaneously, the upward-sloping lower nozzles provide targeted humidification and agitation to the bottom of the silo, particularly areas prone to sedimentation and dead zones. Furthermore, the upward-spraying liquid encounters the falling material curtain lifted by the agitator, increasing the liquid-solid contact area and mixing efficiency. This also effectively prevents the sprayed liquid from being rapidly transported away by the bottom conveyor without being mixed.

[0037] Furthermore, the nozzles are connected to the spray pipeline via an adjustment structure, which is configured to adjust the nozzle's spray angle. Specifically, this adjustable angle design allows operators to flexibly and precisely optimize the coverage and penetration depth of the liquid spray based on the real-time accumulation state, physical properties (such as bulkiness and fiber length) of the material in the bin, and the expected moisture content requirements. For example, when treating straw with high bulkiness, the nozzle angle can be appropriately increased to expand the coverage area; while when treating materials prone to clumping, the angle can be adjusted to concentrate the spray kinetic energy, achieving more effective penetration and dispersal. This dynamic adjustment capability enables a single spray system to efficiently handle various organic wastes and treatment process requirements, improving the versatility of the entire pretreatment unit and the stability of the treatment effect.

[0038] Specifically, the adjustment structure can be configured as a ball joint structure, rotating sleeve structure, adjustable bracket, etc., as in the prior art to achieve the adjustment of the nozzle angle. Those skilled in the art can flexibly configure it according to actual needs.

[0039] In this disclosure, the inner wall of the square silo 21 is welded with a stainless steel corrosion-resistant layer. This stainless steel corrosion-resistant layer enhances the durability and stability of the square silo 21 during long-term processing of high-humidity, corrosive organic waste. This layer effectively resists the erosion of corrosive substances such as organic acids and ammonia produced during fermentation, preventing rust on the silo wall, extending the equipment's service life, and ensuring the continuity of the fermentation process and the cleanliness of the materials.

[0040] The corners of the silo 21 are designed with arc-shaped transition structures, with a radius of 10-15 mm. During material loading, unloading, and silo cleaning, this arc-shaped structure allows materials to smoothly glide over the corners, preventing them from sticking, hardening, or accumulating at right angles. This effectively prevents residual materials from rotting and moldy inside the silo, contaminating subsequent batches and ensuring the purity and quality stability of each fermentation batch. It also significantly reduces the difficulty and workload of silo cleaning and maintenance. Together, these features create a wear-resistant, easy-to-clean, and long-lasting fermentation environment, providing reliable equipment support for the efficient and hygienic treatment of organic waste.

[0041] In this disclosure, the mixing device 12 is a horizontal spiral mixer. When rotating, the spiral blades of the horizontal spiral mixer generate a strong propulsive force along the mixing axis, making it particularly suitable for processing loose, high-fiber organic waste such as straw. It not only effectively cuts and turns the material but also continuously and stably pushes the material from the feed end to the discharge end within the silo, thus achieving continuous material processing. The horizontal spiral mixer integrates mixing and conveying functions, simplifying the silo structure and avoiding the complexity of requiring an additional independent conveying device after mixing, thereby improving the equipment's integration and operating efficiency.

[0042] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the helical blades of the horizontal spiral agitator are provided with multiple through holes. When the blades push the material, some fibrous or lumpy material passes through these through holes, which not only helps to break up material clumps but also increases the relative motion and shear frequency between material particles, thereby promoting uniform dispersion of the material. More importantly, these through holes provide additional flow channels for the liquid applied by the spray assembly, allowing the liquid to penetrate more fully into different depths of the material layer, thereby improving the uniformity and efficiency of liquid-solid two-phase mixing and effectively avoiding localized uneven wetting.

[0043] In this disclosure, a trolley 9 is provided below the pretreatment device, which can serve as a platform to carry the pretreatment device and also move the entire pretreatment device along the ground, thereby meeting different application scenarios and usage requirements. Similarly, the moving mechanism 22 is also equipped with a trolley 9, which can also carry and move the fermentation device.

[0044] In a preferred embodiment provided in this disclosure, a track 5 is provided on the base surface, and the moving mechanism 22 can move along the track 5 to ensure the stability of its travel path and the accuracy of its direction. Multiple square bins 21 are configured, arranged side-by-side on one side of the track 5. The moving mechanism 22 enables the female connector of any square bin 21 to mate with the male connector of the pretreatment bin 11. When a square bin 21 completes feeding at the pretreatment bin 11 station, the moving mechanism 22 can immediately move it along the track 5 to the designated fermentation area for static fermentation; simultaneously, another empty square bin 21 that has completed the previous batch of fermentation can be quickly and accurately transported to the discharge port of the pretreatment bin 11 for docking to receive a new batch of material.

[0045] This multi-stage, rotating operation mode allows core processes such as material pretreatment, fermentation, and discharge to proceed continuously and in parallel. This completely overcomes the time bottlenecks and capacity limitations caused by the sequential operation of traditional fixed single-compartment equipment, improving the utilization rate of the main pretreatment equipment and the overall system throughput. Furthermore, the track-guided movement system ensures precise positioning and stable, efficient operation of the container 21 during workstation switching, shortening auxiliary time for equipment docking and material turnover, and reducing manual labor intensity. Operators can flexibly scale up or down the system capacity simply by adjusting the number of container 21s operating in parallel, thereby improving processing efficiency and automation while optimizing the economy and adaptability of equipment investment.

[0046] In this disclosure, the quick-connect structure includes a male connector and a female connector. The male connector is fixedly connected to the outlet of the pretreatment chamber 11, and the female connector is fixedly connected to the inlet of the square chamber 21. The male and female connectors are detachably coupled via a sealing ring. This pluggable connection structure enables quick and reliable docking and separation between the pretreatment chamber 11 and the mobile square chamber 21. When feeding is required, the operator only needs to move the square chamber 21 to the workstation and complete the coupling of the male and female connectors through a simple linear pushing action, establishing a sealed material transfer channel. After the square chamber 21 is filled, it can also be quickly detached and transferred to the fermentation workstation. This process simplifies the operation procedure, transforming the cumbersome tightening steps required by traditional flange connections into an instantaneous pluggable action, shortening the workstation switching time, thereby improving the system's turnaround efficiency and continuous operation capability.

[0047] The sealing ring ensures the airtightness of the joint when it is in the docking state, effectively preventing the leakage of solid particles and liquid seepage during material transportation. This maintains the cleanliness of the working environment and creates a relatively closed environment for subsequent fermentation, reducing the risk of external bacteria intrusion.

[0048] In this disclosure, the temperature control device also includes a solar thermal collector installed on the top of the container 21, which is connected to the heat flow of the container heater.

[0049] The solar thermal collector converts abundant solar radiation into heat energy, which is then transported to the chamber heater via a hot fluid. This provides a continuous and low-cost heat supply for the aerobic fermentation process of materials within the chamber 21, reducing reliance on external energy sources such as traditional electricity or fossil fuels and effectively decreasing the system's operating energy consumption and carbon emissions. Furthermore, the introduction of solar energy provides a stable basic heat source for fermentation initiation and maintenance. Especially under conditions of ample sunshine, it alleviates the workload of the main heating system, helping to maintain a more stable temperature within the chamber and extending the service life of the main heating equipment.

[0050] The solar-assisted heating structure works in conjunction with the insulation layer of the Fangcang 21 to create an efficient and sustainable temperature control system. This system enables the entire system to ensure that the materials quickly reach and remain within the optimal fermentation temperature range at a low operating cost, thereby effectively guaranteeing the stability of fermentation efficiency and processing results.

[0051] Furthermore, the fermentation device also includes a breathable and waterproof membrane covering the top opening of the square container 21, and a membrane storage and dispensing device for storing and dispensing the breathable and waterproof membrane.

[0052] The breathable and waterproof membrane allows gases (such as carbon dioxide) produced during the aerobic fermentation process inside the Fangcang 21 to escape smoothly, while allowing a suitable amount of external oxygen to infiltrate, maintaining the necessary aerobic environment for the metabolic activities of microorganisms and effectively avoiding the anaerobic fermentation problems that are easily caused by traditional sealed containers. Its waterproofness effectively blocks the intrusion of external rainwater and other liquid water, preventing the materials inside the warehouse from being accidentally wetted, which could lead to a sudden drop in temperature or the risk of mold growth. At the same time, it reduces the loss of internal water and heat vapors, working in synergy with the insulation layer to maintain the stable temperature required for fermentation.

[0053] Furthermore, by incorporating a membrane deployment and retraction device, the membrane coverage area can be flexibly controlled according to different fermentation stages and external environmental conditions. For example, when rapid temperature increase is required at the start of fermentation, the entire membrane can be deployed for heat preservation and moisture retention; during peak fermentation periods when enhanced heat dissipation and ventilation are needed, the membrane can be partially rolled up to increase the exposed area. This dynamically adjustable covering method enables proactive and precise control of the microenvironment within the fermentation chamber, optimizing the fermentation process, improving processing efficiency and quality, and enhancing the system's adaptability to different climatic conditions. This structure, while ensuring functionality, also improves the operational convenience and process optimization potential of the entire fermentation unit.

[0054] Furthermore, the top of the container 21 is also covered with a rigid outer shell 23. One end of the rigid outer shell 23 is rotatably connected to the container body, and the other end is connected to the container body through a lifting mechanism.

[0055] The rigid outer shell 23 acts as a robust physical barrier, working in conjunction with the underlying molecular membrane to provide dual protection. This effectively resists unexpected impacts from falling objects and extreme weather, protecting the fragile molecular membrane from mechanical damage and thus enhancing the long-term reliability and durability of the fermentation unit in complex industrial environments. Simultaneously, this openable top cover structure facilitates direct inspection and maintenance of the interior of the container 21 and the molecular membrane handling device.

[0056] The lifting mechanism allows for flexible and stable adjustment of the opening angle of the rigid outer shell 23 as needed. When rapid cooling or enhanced ventilation is required, the shell can be lifted to create a heat dissipation channel; when auxiliary microbial agents need to be added or maintenance is required, ample access points are provided. This active opening and closing control, combined with the microporous permeability of the molecular membrane, achieves more precise and powerful comprehensive control over the fermentation environment within the chamber, enhancing the overall system's process adaptability and operational flexibility.

[0057] In this disclosure, the lignocellulosic waste biodepolymerization system also includes a controller, which is communicatively connected to a humidity detector 6, a temperature detector 7, a pressure detector 8, a pumping unit, and a chamber heater. The humidity detector 6 is located inside the pretreatment chamber 11 to detect the current humidity information of the pretreatment chamber 11. The temperature detector 7 is located in the square chamber 21 to detect the current temperature information inside the square chamber 21. The pressure detector 8 is located below the pretreatment chamber 11 to measure the current weight information of the pretreatment chamber 11. The controller controls the stirring device 12, the spraying device 3, the pumping unit, and the chamber heater to perform corresponding actions based on the current weight information, humidity information, and temperature information.

[0058] When organic waste is fed into the pretreatment chamber 11, the pressure detector 8 located at the bottom of the chamber measures the current weight information in real time and transmits it to the controller. Based on this, the controller automatically determines the feeding status and processing load, and intelligently starts the stirring device 12 and the spraying device 3. At the same time, it can initially set the matching operating parameters based on the weight information, realizing on-demand energy supply and precise input.

[0059] During the mixing process, a humidity detector 6 installed in the pretreatment chamber 11 continuously monitors the current humidity information of the material. The controller compares this data with the preset optimal moisture content range in real time and dynamically adjusts the spray volume of the spraying device 3. If the humidity is lower than the set value, the spraying is increased; if it is too high, the spraying is reduced or stopped. The pumping unit can be controlled simultaneously to accelerate the recovery of free liquid at the bottom, thereby ensuring that the material humidity is stable within the optimal range, laying the foundation for subsequent hydrolysis and acidification.

[0060] During the fermentation stage, the temperature detector 7 installed inside the container 21 feeds back the current temperature information to the controller. The controller compares this temperature with the fermentation process requirements and precisely controls the start and stop of the container heater to ensure that the container 21 quickly reaches and is maintained within the most efficient fermentation temperature range, thus avoiding energy waste.

[0061] By monitoring weight, humidity, and temperature in real time, the controller precisely controls the spray volume based on real-time humidity data, avoiding waste of liquid and reagents; it matches equipment operating intensity to the weight of the storage chamber, achieving on-demand energy supply; and it precisely controls temperature based on fermentation temperature, preventing excess heat. Thus, management and control based on real-time data, combined with liquid recycling, maximizes the utilization of various materials and resources. This allows the pre-depolymerization system to dynamically respond to changes in material state (such as uneven initial humidity) and environmental conditions (such as fluctuations in ambient temperature), automatically adjusting and compensating. Furthermore, by modifying the controller's settings, it can flexibly adapt to handle different types or process requirements of organic waste, broadening the system's application scope and process adaptability.

[0062] Furthermore, the system also includes a folding conveyor located on the discharge side of the fermentation unit, which is used to connect to the discharge port of the square silo 21.

[0063] When not in operation, the foldable conveyor can be folded up and attached tightly to the side of the fermentation device or storage structure, thereby minimizing the fixed space occupied by the equipment on site. This allows the entire pre-depolymerization system to adapt to a more compact working site, improves space utilization, and facilitates transfer and scheduling between multiple storage units 21.

[0064] When material discharge is required, the conveyor can quickly deploy and precisely dock to the discharge port of the target silo 21. Its adjustable extension length and angle allow the system to flexibly adapt to silos 21 in different arrangements, efficiently and continuously transporting the fermented material to designated transfer points or the next processing stage. This not only significantly reduces the labor intensity of operators but also shortens the turnaround time between fermentation batches, improving the continuous operation capability and overall processing efficiency of the entire pre-depolymerization system.

[0065] In this disclosure, the solid-liquid separation mechanism 41 is a metal chain conveyor. Gaps are formed between the links of the metal chain to allow liquid to flow into a liquid collector. The metal chain possesses excellent mechanical strength and wear resistance, capable of withstanding hard impurities that may be mixed in the pre-treated organic waste, as well as continuous conveying loads. Its durability is far superior to traditional screens or porous plates, effectively preventing premature failure due to corrosion or wear and ensuring the long-term stability of the system. Simultaneously, the gaps formed between the chain links are essentially a non-fixed, dynamic filtration channel. During conveying, the continuous relative movement between the material and the chain effectively prevents fibrous material adhesion or solid particles from clogging the filter pores, providing a certain degree of self-cleaning capability and maintaining the long-term unobstructed flow of the liquid separation channel.

[0066] Solid materials are reliably carried by the chain links and transported to the discharge port, while free liquid rapidly leaks through the gaps to the liquid collector. This continuous and uninterrupted process not only improves separation efficiency but also reduces the risk of solid materials being repeatedly soaked in liquid, providing materials with more stable moisture content for subsequent fermentation stages. The entire liquid recovery and recycling mechanism thus operates efficiently and reliably, structurally ensuring resource recycling and a pollution-free process.

[0067] It should be noted that the metal chain conveyor is an existing technology transmission device. Those skilled in the art can select a metal chain conveyor of appropriate specifications based on actual needs.

[0068] In this disclosure, the humidity detector 6, temperature detector 7, and pressure detector 8 are correspondingly configured as humidity sensors, temperature sensors, and pressure sensors in the prior art. Of course, in other embodiments, they may also be configured as other detection elements in the prior art capable of performing the same function.

[0069] In this disclosure, the controller is configured as a central processing unit (CPU). Furthermore, the controller is integrated into the terminal. Of course, in other embodiments, the controller may also be configured as a PLC logic controller and located elsewhere besides the terminal.

[0070] Alternatively, the controller can be configured as a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or a field-programmable gate array (FPGA).

[0071] Specifically, the terminal may be configured as a laptop computer, tablet computer, mobile phone or other device with input capability, and this disclosure does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0072] In this disclosure, the controller is communicatively connected to various sensors via cables. In other embodiments, the controller may also be connected to the sensors via wireless communication modules such as Wi-Fi or ZigBee modules. Those skilled in the art can flexibly configure the controller based on the concept of this disclosure.

[0073] In addition, it should be noted that all kinds of motors, pumps, sensors and controllers are existing technologies. Those skilled in the art can make conventional improvements to the above-mentioned equipment or components under the technical concept of this disclosure, and this disclosure does not limit them.

[0074] Finally, it should be noted that this invention is not limited to the optional embodiments described above, and anyone can derive other various forms of products under the guidance of this invention. The specific embodiments described above should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this invention, which should be determined by the claims, and the specification can be used to interpret the claims.

Claims

1. A lignocellulosic waste biopretreatment system for anaerobic fermentation, characterized by, The system comprises: a pretreatment device including a pretreatment bin and a stirring device for stirring and mixing the organic waste in the bin; one or more fermentation devices including a square bin and a moving mechanism arranged at the bottom of the bin, the square bin being selectively connected with the discharge port of the pretreatment bin through a quick docking structure; a spraying device arranged in the pretreatment bin for spraying the organic waste with adjusting liquid and pretreatment bacterial agent; a liquid circulating device including a solid-liquid separation mechanism arranged at the bottom of the pretreatment bin for separating free liquid while conveying solid materials, a liquid collector arranged below the solid-liquid separation mechanism for collecting the free liquid, and a pumping unit for pumping the liquid in the liquid collector back to the spraying device; and a temperature control device including a heat preservation structure arranged in the square bin and a bin heater for heating the square bin. The spraying device includes at least two levels of spraying pipelines arranged at intervals in the height direction of the pretreatment bin, and the nozzles of at least part of the spraying pipelines are arranged at an acute angle relative to the vertical direction.

2. The lignocellulosic waste biopretreatment system for anaerobic fermentation according to claim 1, wherein, The at least two levels of spraying pipelines include an upper spraying pipeline and a lower spraying pipeline; the nozzles of the upper spraying pipeline are arranged downward at an angle of 30°-50° relative to the vertical direction; and the nozzles of the lower spraying pipeline are arranged upward at an angle of 20°-40° relative to the vertical direction.

3. The lignocellulosic waste biopretreatment system for anaerobic fermentation according to claim 2, wherein, The nozzles are connected to the spraying pipelines through an adjusting structure configured to adjust the spray angle of the nozzles.

4. The lignocellulosic waste biopretreatment system for anaerobic fermentation according to claim 3, wherein, The inner side wall of the square bin is welded with a stainless steel corrosion-resistant layer; and the corners of the square bin are provided with arc-shaped transition structures with a radius of 10-15 mm.

5. The lignocellulosic waste biopretreatment system for anaerobic fermentation according to claim 1, wherein, A track is arranged on the base surface, and the moving mechanism can move along the track; a plurality of square bins are arranged side by side on one side of the track, and the moving mechanism matches the female joint of any square bin with the male joint of the pretreatment bin.

6. The lignocellulosic waste biopretreatment system for anaerobic fermentation according to claim 1, wherein, The temperature control device further includes a solar heat collecting device arranged at the top of the square bin, which is connected to the heat fluid of the bin heater.

7. The lignocellulosic waste biopretreatment system for anaerobic fermentation according to claim 1, wherein, The fermentation device further includes a breathable waterproof membrane covering the top opening of the square bin and a membrane winding and unwinding device for winding and unwinding the breathable waterproof membrane.

8. The lignocellulosic waste biopretreatment system for anaerobic fermentation according to claim 1, wherein, The system for anaerobic fermentation of lignocellulosic waste biological pre-depolymerization system further includes a controller, which is communicatively connected to a humidity detector, a temperature detector, a pressure detector, a pumping unit and a bin heater; the humidity detector is arranged in the pretreatment bin to detect the current humidity information of the pretreatment bin; 9. The lignocellulosic waste biopretreatment system for anaerobic fermentation according to claim 1, wherein, The temperature detector is arranged in the square bin to detect the current temperature information in the square bin; The pressure detector is arranged below the pretreatment bin to measure the current weight information of the pretreatment bin; The controller controls the stirring device, the spraying device, the pumping unit and the bin heater to perform corresponding actions according to the current weight information, humidity information and temperature information. ​ 10. The lignocellulosic waste biopretreatment system for anaerobic fermentation as claimed in claim 1 wherein, The system further comprises a folding conveyor arranged at the discharge side of the fermentation device, the folding conveyor being configured to be docked with the discharge port of the square bin.

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