Heavy-load torque testing device and use method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a heavy-load torque testing device which is larger in loading torque and particularly suitable for torque testing of a heavy-load coupler and a using method of the heavy-load torque testing device, and relates to the technical field of torque testing. A heavy load torque testing device comprises a testing table, a torque input device and a damping mechanism, the torque input device and the damping mechanism are installed on the testing table, and the torque input device comprises a driving force arm, a first hydraulic cylinder, a second hydraulic cylinder and a coupler second end butt joint part which is opposite to a coupler first end butt joint part and is arranged at an interval with the coupler first end butt joint part; the coupling second end butt joint part is rotationally connected with the test bench, the driving force arm is horizontally arranged, the middle of the driving force arm is connected with the coupling second end butt joint part, and the two ends of the driving force arm are symmetrically arranged relative to the axis of the coupling second end butt joint part; the first hydraulic cylinder and the second hydraulic cylinder are symmetrically installed at the two ends of the driving force arm so as to generate torque for driving the second end butt joint part of the coupler to rotate through the driving force arm.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of torque testing technology, specifically a heavy-load torque testing device and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] Universal joints (couplings) used in large-scale, heavy-duty applications such as metallurgy, wind power, shipbuilding, and mining require stiffness, dynamic load, and fatigue tests before leaving the factory. Chinese Patent Application No. 201110230470.3 discloses a test bench for coupling testing. This test bench uses a power mechanism (electric motor) to drive the coupling to rotate and provide rotational torque. The advantages of this test bench are its compact size and ability to perform multi-condition testing. However, its disadvantage is its relatively low maximum torque, which cannot meet the testing requirements of heavy-duty products with a test torque greater than 12000 kN·m. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a heavy-load torque testing device and its method of use that has a larger loading torque and more test items, and is especially suitable for heavy-load coupling torque testing.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is: a heavy-load torque testing device, including a test bench and a torque input device and a damping mechanism installed on the test bench. The damping mechanism includes a first end docking part of a coupling, a torque sensor and a mounting base fixed on the test bench. The first end docking part of the coupling is arranged horizontally. One end of the torque sensor is fixedly connected to the mounting base and the other end is fixedly connected to the first end docking part of the coupling.

[0005] The torque input device includes a drive arm, a first hydraulic cylinder, a second hydraulic cylinder, and a second coupling end portion that is opposite to and spaced apart from the first coupling end portion. A coupling installation space is formed between the first coupling end portion and the second coupling end portion. The second coupling end portion is rotatably connected to the test bench so that it can rotate around its own axis on the test bench. The drive arm is horizontally arranged and connected to the second coupling end portion in the middle. The two ends of the drive arm are symmetrically arranged with respect to the axis of the second coupling end portion. The first hydraulic cylinder and the second hydraulic cylinder are symmetrically installed at the two ends of the drive arm so as to generate a torque that drives the second coupling end portion to rotate through the drive arm.

[0006] Furthermore, the first hydraulic cylinder and the second hydraulic cylinder are vertically symmetrically mounted at both ends of the drive arm.

[0007] Furthermore, the mounting base is provided with a first horizontally extending strip hole, the extension direction of the first strip hole being perpendicular to the axis of the second end mating portion of the coupling. The test bench is provided with a second strip hole extending along the axis of the second end mating portion of the coupling. The mounting base is locked and fixed to the test bench by bolts passing through the first strip hole and the second strip hole and slidingly engaging with the first strip hole and the second strip hole.

[0008] Furthermore, the end face of the coupling opposite to the first end docking portion and the second end docking portion, as well as the end face of the second end docking portion and the first end docking portion, are provided with end face teeth for docking with the test coupling.

[0009] Furthermore, the test bench is equipped with a displacement sensor for testing the piston rod displacement of the first hydraulic cylinder or the second hydraulic cylinder.

[0010] Furthermore, both the first and second hydraulic cylinders are double-rod hydraulic cylinders with identical parameters.

[0011] Furthermore, the upper cover of the coupling mounting space is equipped with a protective cover.

[0012] The above-mentioned method of using a heavy-load torque testing device:

[0013] Stiffness Test: After the coupling under test is installed between the first end joint and the second end joint, hydraulic oil is simultaneously supplied to the first and second hydraulic cylinders, causing the driving arm to generate a clockwise torque until the torque sensor reaches the required value. Then, the pressure is maintained in the first and second hydraulic cylinders for the required time. After the required pressure holding time is reached, hydraulic oil is simultaneously supplied to the first and second hydraulic cylinders in the reverse direction, causing the driving arm to generate a counterclockwise torque until the torque sensor reaches the required value. Then, the pressure is maintained in the first and second hydraulic cylinders for the required time again. During the test, the piston rod displacement of the first or second hydraulic cylinder and the corresponding torque value measured by the torque sensor are recorded. A stiffness curve is plotted with the torque value on the x-axis and the displacement value on the y-axis.

[0014] Coupling slippage / failure test: Hydraulic oil is simultaneously supplied to the first hydraulic cylinder and the second hydraulic cylinder, causing the measured value of the torque sensor to gradually increase; during the increase, the measured value of the torque sensor is recorded synchronously and a time change curve is plotted. When the downward slope of the measured value is greater than the test requirement value, the coupling slips / fails. The measured value corresponding to the downward slope being greater than the test requirement value is the slippage / failure torque of the tested coupling.

[0015] Fatigue test: The pressure of the hydraulic oil supplied to the first and second hydraulic cylinders is changed cyclically, or the direction of the hydraulic oil supplied to the first and second hydraulic cylinders is changed cyclically, so that the coupling under test is subjected to alternating torque until the required number of cycles is met.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The heavy-duty torque testing device of this invention generates a torque through the two ends of the driving arm, which drives the driving arm to rotate around the axis of the second end joint of the coupling, thereby driving the second end joint of the coupling. The torque input device generates a larger loading torque, making it particularly suitable for heavy-duty coupling torque testing. Furthermore, this invention facilitates stiffness testing, slippage / destruction testing, and fatigue testing, allowing for a wider range of testing items. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0019] The figure shows: test bench 1, torque input device 2, damping mechanism 3, bolt 4, end face tooth 5, coupling mounting space 6, protective cover 7, support 11, second strip hole 12, coupling second end docking part 21, driving arm 22, first hydraulic cylinder 23, second hydraulic cylinder 24, mounting base 31, coupling first end docking part 32, torque sensor 33, and first strip hole 311. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0021] like Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown, a heavy-load torque testing device of the present invention includes a test bench 1, a torque input device 2 and a damping mechanism 3 mounted on the test bench 1. The damping mechanism 3 includes a coupling first end docking part 32, a torque sensor 33 and a mounting base 31 fixed on the test bench 1. The coupling first end docking part 32 is arranged horizontally. One end of the torque sensor 33 is fixedly connected to the mounting base 31 and the other end is fixedly connected to the coupling first end docking part 32. The torque input device 2 includes a drive arm 22, a first hydraulic cylinder 23, a second hydraulic cylinder 24, and a second end coupling portion 21 of the coupling that is opposite to and spaced apart from the first end coupling portion 32 of the coupling. A coupling installation space 6 is formed between the first end coupling portion 32 and the second end coupling portion 21 of the coupling. The second end coupling portion 21 of the coupling is rotatably connected to the test bench 1 so that it can rotate around its own axis on the test bench 1. The drive arm 22 is horizontally arranged and its middle part is connected to the second end coupling portion 21 of the coupling. The two ends of the drive arm 22 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the axis of the second end coupling portion 21 of the coupling. The first hydraulic cylinder 23 and the second hydraulic cylinder 24 are symmetrically installed at the two ends of the drive arm 22 so as to generate a torque that drives the second end coupling portion 21 of the coupling to rotate through the drive arm 22.

[0022] During testing, one end of the coupling under test is connected to the second end connection part of the coupling, and the other end is connected to the first end connection part of the coupling. That is, the coupling under test is installed in the coupling installation space 6. Then, hydraulic oil is simultaneously introduced into the first hydraulic cylinder 23 and the second hydraulic cylinder 24, so that the first hydraulic cylinder 23 and the second hydraulic cylinder 24 simultaneously generate a force that makes the driving arm 22 rotate clockwise or counterclockwise, thereby applying torque to the coupling under test for testing.

[0023] The heavy-duty torque testing device of the present invention includes a torque input device 2 comprising a drive arm 22, a first hydraulic cylinder 23, a second hydraulic cylinder 24, and a second end coupling portion 21 of the coupling. The first hydraulic cylinder 23 and the second hydraulic cylinder 24 are symmetrically mounted at both ends of the drive arm 22. During testing, the first hydraulic cylinder 23 and the second hydraulic cylinder 24 generate a torque through the two ends of the drive arm 22 to rotate the drive arm 22 around the axis of the second end coupling portion 21 of the coupling, thereby driving the second end coupling portion 21 of the coupling. The torque input device 2 generates a larger loading torque, making it particularly suitable for heavy-duty coupling torque testing. It is understood that, under the same conditions, the longer the arm of the first hydraulic cylinder 23 and the second hydraulic cylinder 24 extends to the middle of the drive arm 22, the greater the torque generated by the torque input device 2. Furthermore, the drive arm 22 is horizontally arranged, and its two ends are symmetrically arranged relative to the second end coupling portion 21 of the coupling. The torques generated by the two ends of the drive arm 22 on the second end coupling portion 21 of the coupling are balanced and canceled out, which facilitates testing and improves testing accuracy.

[0024] The first hydraulic cylinder 23 and the second hydraulic cylinder 24 can be installed at an angle or vertically. To maximize the lever arm and increase the upper limit of the measuring torque provided by the device, preferably, both the first hydraulic cylinder 23 and the second hydraulic cylinder 24 are installed vertically. That is, the first hydraulic cylinder 23 and the second hydraulic cylinder 24 are vertically symmetrically mounted at both ends of the driving lever arm 22.

[0025] In this embodiment of the invention, the second end mating portion 21 of the coupling is rotatably connected to the test bench 1 via a support 11 fixed on the test bench 1. To reduce friction, a rolling bearing or bearing bush can be provided between the second end mating portion 21 of the coupling and the support 11. In this embodiment of the invention, a bearing bush is provided between the second end mating portion 21 of the coupling and the support 11.

[0026] Mounting bracket 31 can be fixedly mounted on test bench 1 by welding or other methods. Figure 2As shown in this embodiment of the invention, the mounting base 31 is provided with a horizontally extending first strip-shaped hole 311, the extension direction of which is perpendicular to the axis of the second end mating portion 21 of the coupling. The test bench 1 is provided with a second strip-shaped hole 12 extending along the axis of the second end mating portion 21 of the coupling. The mounting base 31 is locked and fixed to the test bench 1 by bolts 4 that pass through the first strip-shaped hole 311 and the second strip-shaped hole 12 and slide in cooperation with them. This structure allows for adaptive adjustment of the distance between the second end mating portion 21 and the first end mating portion 32 of the coupling according to the length of the coupling being tested. Specifically, loosening the bolts 4 allows the mounting base 31 to slide along the second strip-shaped hole 12, thereby adjusting the distance between the second end mating portion 21 and the first end mating portion 32 of the coupling. The above structure can also loosen the bolt 4, allowing the mounting base 31 to slide along the first strip hole 311, causing the second end mating part 21 of the entire coupling to be misaligned with the first end mating part 32 of the coupling in the direction of the first strip hole 311, thereby realizing the test of the shaft angle of the coupling under test.

[0027] In order to better transmit torque, the end face of the coupling first end docking part 32 opposite to the coupling second end docking part 21 and the end face of the coupling second end docking part 21 opposite to the coupling first end docking part 32 are provided with end face teeth 5 for docking and meshing with the test coupling.

[0028] The test bench 1 of this invention is equipped with a displacement sensor (not shown in the figure) for testing the piston rod displacement of the first hydraulic cylinder 23 and / or the second hydraulic cylinder 24. The displacement sensor can measure the piston rod displacement of the first hydraulic cylinder 23 and / or the second hydraulic cylinder 24 in real time during the test, and the test status of the coupling under test can also be understood by measuring the displacement.

[0029] To enhance testing safety, a protective cover 7 is further provided on the upper part of the coupling mounting space 6. In this invention, the protective cover 7 is composed of two halves connected by bolts.

[0030] The first hydraulic cylinder 23 and the second hydraulic cylinder 24 can be single-rod or double-rod hydraulic cylinders, and their parameters can be the same or different. For easier testing, in this invention, preferably, both the first hydraulic cylinder 23 and the second hydraulic cylinder 24 are double-rod hydraulic cylinders with identical parameters. Since both the first hydraulic cylinder 23 and the second hydraulic cylinder 24 are double-rod hydraulic cylinders with identical parameters, the forces at both ends of the driving arm are equal, which helps ensure the accuracy of the test.

[0031] When both the first hydraulic cylinder 23 and the second hydraulic cylinder 24 are double-rod hydraulic cylinders with the same parameters, and the second end of the coupling is rotatably connected to the test bench 1 via a bearing, based on the force applied to the device, it can be deduced that the relationship between the hydraulic oil pressure P input by the first hydraulic cylinder 23 and the second hydraulic cylinder 24 and the target torque T applied to the tested coupling is as follows:

[0032] ;

[0033] Where G = G1 + G2 + G3, G1 is the weight of the driving arm, G2 is the weight of the second end of the coupling, G3 is the weight of the coupling under test, μ is the coefficient of friction between the bearing at the second end of the coupling and the test bench, R is the diameter of the bearing at the second end of the coupling, D is the diameter of the piston of the first hydraulic cylinder, d is the diameter of the piston rod of the first hydraulic cylinder, and L is the length of the lever arm from the force of the first hydraulic cylinder on the driving arm to the axis of the second end of the coupling. Based on the above relationship, the torque loading process can be controlled by controlling the pressure of the hydraulic oil input to the first hydraulic cylinder 23 and the second hydraulic cylinder 24 during the test.

[0034] The specific method of using the multifunctional heavy-load torque testing device of the present invention is as follows:

[0035] Stiffness Test: After the coupling under test is installed between the first end joint 32 and the second end joint 21, hydraulic oil is simultaneously supplied to the first hydraulic cylinder 23 and the second hydraulic cylinder 24, causing the driving arm 22 to generate a clockwise torque until the measured value of the torque sensor 33 reaches the required value. Then, the pressure of the first hydraulic cylinder 23 and the second hydraulic cylinder 24 is maintained for the required time. After the required pressure holding time is reached, hydraulic oil is simultaneously supplied to the first hydraulic cylinder 23 and the second hydraulic cylinder 24 in the reverse direction, causing the driving arm 22 to generate a counterclockwise torque until the measured value of the torque sensor 33 reaches the required value. Then, the pressure of the first hydraulic cylinder 23 and the second hydraulic cylinder 24 is maintained for the required time again. During the test, the displacement of the piston rod of the first hydraulic cylinder 23 or the second hydraulic cylinder 24 and the corresponding torque value measured by the torque sensor 33 are recorded, and a stiffness curve is plotted with the torque value on the x-axis and the displacement value on the y-axis.

[0036] Coupling slippage / failure test: Coupling slippage test: Hydraulic oil is simultaneously introduced into the first hydraulic cylinder 23 and the second hydraulic cylinder 24, causing the measured value of the torque sensor 33 to gradually increase, preferably uniformly and gradually, and the direction of the torque can be clockwise or counterclockwise; during the increase, the measured value of the torque sensor 33 is recorded simultaneously and a time change curve is plotted. When the downward slope of the measured value is greater than the test requirement value, the coupling slips / fails. The measured value corresponding to the downward slope being greater than the test requirement value is the slippage / failure torque of the tested coupling.

[0037] Fatigue test: The pressure of the hydraulic oil supplied to the first hydraulic cylinder 23 and the second hydraulic cylinder 24 is changed cyclically, or the direction of the hydraulic oil supplied to the first hydraulic cylinder 23 and the second hydraulic cylinder 24 is changed cyclically, so that the coupling under test is subjected to alternating torque until the number of cycles meets the requirements. The specific torque is determined according to the experimental requirements until the number of cycles meets the requirements.

[0038] In this embodiment of the invention, when the slope of the measured value of the torque sensor 33 decreases by more than 200 kNm / s, the coupling is considered to be slipping or damaged. In some embodiments, slipping or damage to the coupling can also be determined by measuring the displacement of the first hydraulic cylinder 23 or the second hydraulic cylinder 24.

Claims

1. A heavy-load torque testing device, comprising a test bench (1) and a torque input device (2) and a damping mechanism (3) mounted on the test bench (1), wherein the damping mechanism (3) comprises a coupling first end docking part (32), a torque sensor (33), and a mounting base (31) fixedly mounted on the test bench (1), wherein the coupling first end docking part (32) is horizontally arranged, one end of the torque sensor (33) is fixedly connected to the mounting base (31), and the other end is fixedly connected to the coupling first end docking part (32), characterized in that, The torque input device (2) includes a drive arm (22), a first hydraulic cylinder (23), a second hydraulic cylinder (24), and a second end docking part (21) of the coupling that is opposite to and spaced apart from the first end docking part (32) of the coupling. A coupling installation space (6) is formed between the first end docking part (32) and the second end docking part (21) of the coupling. The second end docking part (21) of the coupling is rotatably connected to the test bench (1) so that it can rotate around its own axis on the test bench (1). The drive arm (22) is horizontally arranged and connected to the second end docking part (21) of the coupling in the middle. The two ends of the drive arm (22) are symmetrically arranged with respect to the axis of the second end docking part (21) of the coupling. The first hydraulic cylinder (23) and the second hydraulic cylinder (24) are symmetrically installed at the two ends of the drive arm (22) so as to generate a torque that drives the second end docking part (21) of the coupling to rotate through the drive arm (22).

2. The heavy-load torque testing device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first hydraulic cylinder (23) and the second hydraulic cylinder (24) are vertically symmetrically installed at both ends of the driving arm (22).

3. The heavy-load torque testing device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The mounting base (31) is provided with a horizontally extending first strip hole (311), the extension direction of the first strip hole (311) is perpendicular to the axis of the second end docking part (21) of the coupling, the test bench (1) is provided with a second strip hole (12) extending along the axis of the second end docking part (21) of the coupling, and the mounting base (31) is locked and fixed on the test bench (1) by bolts (4) that pass through the first strip hole (311) and the second strip hole (12) and slide in cooperation with the first strip hole (311) and the second strip hole (12).

4. The heavy-load torque testing device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The end face of the coupling first end docking part (32) opposite to the coupling second end docking part (21) and the end face of the coupling second end docking part (21) opposite to the coupling first end docking part (32) are provided with end face teeth (5) for docking with the test coupling.

5. The heavy-load torque testing device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The test bench (1) is equipped with a displacement sensor for testing the piston rod displacement of the first hydraulic cylinder (23) or the second hydraulic cylinder (24).

6. The heavy-load torque testing device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Both the first hydraulic cylinder (23) and the second hydraulic cylinder (24) are double-rod hydraulic cylinders with the same parameters.

7. The heavy-load torque testing device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The upper cover of the coupling installation space (6) is provided with a protective cover (7).

8. A method of using the heavy-load torque testing device as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, Stiffness test: After the coupling under test is installed between the first end joint (32) and the second end joint (21) of the coupling, hydraulic oil is simultaneously supplied to the first hydraulic cylinder (23) and the second hydraulic cylinder (24), and the driving arm (22) generates a clockwise torque until the measured value of the torque sensor (33) reaches the required value. Then, the first hydraulic cylinder (23) and the second hydraulic cylinder (24) are held for the required time. After the required holding time is reached, the first hydraulic cylinder (23) is simultaneously subjected to a reverse torque. Hydraulic oil is introduced into the first hydraulic cylinder (23) and the second hydraulic cylinder (24), and at the same time, the driving arm (22) generates a counterclockwise torque until the measured value of the torque sensor (33) reaches the required value. Then, the pressure of the first hydraulic cylinder (23) and the second hydraulic cylinder (24) is maintained for the required time. During the test, the piston rod displacement of the first hydraulic cylinder (23) or the second hydraulic cylinder (24) and the corresponding torque value measured by the torque sensor (33) are recorded. The stiffness curve is plotted with the torque value as the horizontal axis and the displacement value as the vertical axis. Coupling slippage / destruction test: Hydraulic oil is simultaneously supplied to the first hydraulic cylinder (23) and the second hydraulic cylinder (24) to gradually increase the measured value of the torque sensor (33); during the increase, the measured value of the torque sensor (33) is recorded synchronously and a time change curve is plotted. When the downward slope of the measured value is greater than the test requirement value, the coupling slips / destructs. The measured value corresponding to the downward slope being greater than the test requirement value is the slippage / destruction torque of the tested coupling. Fatigue test: The pressure of the hydraulic oil supplied to the first hydraulic cylinder (23) and the second hydraulic cylinder (24) is changed cyclically, or the direction of the hydraulic oil supplied to the first hydraulic cylinder (23) and the second hydraulic cylinder (24) is changed cyclically, so that the coupling under test is subjected to alternating torque until the number of cycles meets the requirements.

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