Garbage fly ash asphalt pavement bottom percolate collecting equipment and use method

Abstract

The invention discloses garbage fly ash asphalt pavement bottom leachate collection equipment and a use method, and relates to the technical field of pavement leachate collection, and the equipment comprises a collection module, a flow guide pipe, an overhaul well, a protection box, an energy module, a control and communication module and a storage module. When the device is used, a technician can select to collect and store leachate samples according to different time points or rainfall events through a mobile phone APP or computer software; after each rainfall event or according to a preset research plan, technicians can complete filtrate collection work only by accessing the storage module through the overhaul well on the road shoulder and replacing or taking away the sample bottles on the fixed square blocks, so that leachate sample data required by research are obtained, and the integrity and durability of the pavement structure are guaranteed.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of pavement leachate collection, in particular to a fly ash of waste asphalt pavement bottom leachate collection equipment and use method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Waste incineration fly ash is a hazardous waste produced during waste incineration, rich in heavy metals and salts. In recent years, some studies have proposed that it can be used as a filler to replace part of the mineral and mixed into asphalt mixture for road paving after stabilization treatment, so as to realize the resource utilization of fly ash. However, this environmentally friendly pavement is exposed to the natural environment for a long time, especially the penetration of precipitation (rain, snow), which may cause the re-dissolution of pollutants such as solidified heavy metals in fly ash, forming polluting leachate. If these leachate migrates downward, it may cause potential secondary pollution risk to the roadbed soil and groundwater.

[0003] At present, the environmental safety evaluation of such pavement mainly depends on the laboratory simulation shower experiment, which cannot truly reflect the long-term and dynamic pollutant release under the actual complex environment (such as dry-wet cycle, temperature change, traffic load, microbial action, etc.). There is a lack of a technical means that can obtain leachate samples of different time periods in situ and continuously from the in-service pavement structure. The traditional roadbed drainage system or groundwater monitoring well can only obtain mixed water samples, and cannot distinguish the changes of leachate composition at different time periods in the same rainfall event, resulting in distorted evaluation results.

[0004] Therefore, the development of a bottom leachate collection device that can work with the pavement, does not damage the structure, and can accurately sample at multiple time points, has become the key to promoting the large-scale and safe application of fly ash of waste asphalt pavement technology. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of the above or existing problems in the prior art, the present application is proposed.

[0006] Therefore, the primary object of the present application is to provide a fly ash of waste asphalt pavement bottom leachate collection equipment. The device can automatically and continuously collect the leachate produced at different time points at the bottom of the pavement during and after the natural rainfall process during the service life of the pavement, and store it classified, providing high-quality and high-time-efficiency samples for subsequent laboratory analysis.

[0007] Another object of the present application is to provide a use method of the above-mentioned device, to ensure that the device is pre-embedded simultaneously when the pavement is paved, integrated with the pavement structure, and realize non-destructive, in-situ and dynamic long-term monitoring.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a collection device for leachate from the bottom of asphalt pavement made of fly ash from garbage, comprising a collection module, including a collection tank, a confluence component disposed directly below the collection tank, and a microporous filter membrane covering the top of the collection tank; A flow guiding module, connected to the bottom of the collection module, includes a flow guiding pipe and a main pipeline solenoid valve located on the inner section of the flow guiding pipe. An energy module, located above the base plate, includes a battery module located on the left side of the energy module and a pipeline module located on the right side of the battery module. The control and communication module is located above the first support baffle and includes a central controller located to the left of the control and communication module and a communication module located to the right of the central controller. The storage module, located above the second support baffle, includes a lifting platform, a fixed block located above the lifting platform, multiple sample bottles mounted on the fixed block, a bottle mouth fixing plate located at the bottom of the third support baffle, multiple filtrate diversion pipes vertically positioned above the sample bottles, a diversion solenoid valve located at the top of the filtrate diversion pipes, a main collection pipe located at the top of the diversion solenoid valves and connected to the guide pipes through the filtrate inlet, a flow sensor located on the horizontal section of the main collection pipe, and a water quality sensor located at the bottom of the vertical section of the main collection pipe.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the waste fly ash asphalt pavement bottom leachate collection device of the present invention, it further includes: a maintenance well, which is set adjacent to the collection module, including a maintenance well cover, a well body set directly below the maintenance well cover, a well wall set around the maintenance well, a maintenance ladder set on the right side of the well body and fixed to the well wall, and a well foundation set at the bottom of the maintenance well. The protective box, installed above the well foundation, includes a box door, a door handle located in the center of the left side of the box door, a control panel located in the center of the box door, a filtrate inlet located at the top right side of the protective box, a cable inlet located at the bottom right side of the protective box, a base plate located at the bottom inside the protective box, and a first support baffle, a second support baffle, and a third support baffle sequentially located above the base plate.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the waste fly ash asphalt pavement bottom leachate collection device of the present invention, the collection tank is provided with a plurality of collection holes in the center.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the waste fly ash asphalt pavement bottom leachate collection device of the present invention, the main pipeline solenoid valve includes a main valve seat, a valve core disposed above the main valve seat, a diaphragm connecting the left and right ends of the valve core, a pressure relief channel disposed above the right of the valve core, a balance channel disposed above the left of the valve core, a moving iron core disposed directly above the valve core, coils disposed on both the left and right sides of the moving iron core, a spring connected to the top of the moving iron core, and a fixed iron core connected to the top of the spring.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the waste fly ash asphalt pavement bottom leachate collection device of the present invention, the box door and the maintenance ladder are arranged opposite to each other.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the waste fly ash asphalt pavement bottom leachate collection device of the present invention, the lifting platform includes a base fixed to the top of the second support baffle, a scissor arm disposed above the base, a hydraulic cylinder disposed on the base and the scissor arm, a support platform disposed above the scissor arm, and a lifting control switch disposed on the left side of the base and fixed to the left side of the protective box. The fixing block is provided with multiple grooves for accommodating the sample bottles. The diameter of each groove is 1-2 mm larger than the bottom diameter of the sample bottle, and a sample bottle fixing pad is provided at the bottom of each groove. The bottle mouth fixing plate is provided with multiple bottle mouth fixing slots, and each bottle mouth fixing slot has a diversion pipe fixing hole that penetrates the bottle mouth fixing plate in the center. The diversion solenoid valve includes an inlet connected to the bottom of the main collection pipe, an outlet connected to the top of the filtrate diversion pipe, a valve body connecting the inlet and the outlet, and an operator provided on the valve body. The flow sensor includes an inlet connected to the left half of the main pipe, an outlet connected to the right half of the main pipe, a flow tube connecting the inlet and the outlet, and a signal processing and flow totalizer mounted on the flow tube. The water quality sensor includes a probe, a converter located below the probe, a signal processing main board located below the converter, and a wiring port located below the signal processing main board.

[0014] The present invention also provides a method of using the above-mentioned collection device, which includes the following steps: Step a: During the road design phase, determine the location and density of equipment based on monitoring requirements; Step b: During road construction, excavate a foundation pit at the road shoulder and construct a manhole, ensuring that the top of the manhole cover is flush with the road surface; Step c: Place a protective box on the well foundation. The box contains an energy module, a control and communication module, and a storage module. Step d: Lead the guide pipe out from the filtrate inlet of the protection box, pass horizontally through the well wall, and vertically upward through the roadbed, subbase, and base course until the predetermined position at the top of the base course; Step e: Following the normal construction process, lay the roadbed, the subbase, the base course, and the base course in sequence; Step f: After laying the base layer and before paving the asphalt surface layer, place the collection module flat in the predetermined position and reliably connect the bottom output end of the manifold to the extension end of the guide pipe; Step g: Continue to pave and compact the asphalt surface layer so that the entire equipment, except for the manhole cover, is completely embedded inside the road structure; Step h: After the road is put into use, after each rainfall event or according to the predetermined research plan, technicians access the storage module through the maintenance well on the shoulder, replace or remove the sample bottles in the storage module, and record and conduct subsequent laboratory analysis.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: By designing multiple modules, this invention can collect and store leachate samples according to different sampling modes, enabling long-term, in-situ, and dynamic monitoring in real road environments. The data obtained is more reliable than that obtained through laboratory simulations. Furthermore, this device is pre-installed as part of the road structure, requiring no damage to the road surface during sampling; it can be completed solely through road maintenance manholes, ensuring the integrity and durability of the road structure without affecting normal traffic flow. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the waste fly ash asphalt pavement bottom leachate collection device of the present invention in road application.

[0018] Figure 2 A 3D view of the protective case.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the protective box.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the collection module.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a diagram of the internal structure of the main pipeline solenoid valve.

[0022] Figure 6 This is a partial structural diagram of the storage module.

[0023] Figure 7 This is a 3D view of a flow divider solenoid valve.

[0024] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the flow sensor.

[0025] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view of a water quality sensor.

[0026] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Collection module; 11. Liquid collection tank; 111. Liquid collection hole; 12. Manifold component; 13. Microporous filter membrane; 2. Inspection well; 21. Inspection well cover; 22. Well body; 23. Well wall; 24. Inspection ladder; 25. Well foundation; 3. Flow guiding module; 31. Flow guiding pipe; 32. Main pipeline solenoid valve; 321. Main valve seat; 322. Valve core; 323. Diaphragm; 324. Pressure relief channel; 325. Balance channel; 326. Moving iron core; 327. Coil; 328. Spring; 329. Fixed iron core; 4. Protection box; 41. Box door; 42. Door handle; 43. Control panel; 44. Filtrate inlet; 45. Cable inlet; 46. Base plate; 47. First support baffle; 48. Second support baffle; 49. Third support baffle; 5. Energy module; 51. Battery module; 52. Pipeline module; 6. Control and communication module; 61. Central controller; 2. Communication module; 7. Storage module; 71. Lifting platform; 711. Base; 712. Scissor arm; 713. Hydraulic cylinder; 714. Support platform; 715. Lifting control switch; 72. Fixing block; 721. Groove; 722. Sample bottle fixing pad; 73. Sample bottle; 74. Bottle neck fixing plate; 741. Bottle neck fixing groove; 742. Diverter pipe fixing hole; 75. Filtrate diverter pipe; 76. Diverter solenoid valve; 761. 762. Liquid inlet; 763. Liquid outlet; 764. Valve body; 765. Operator; 77. Main manifold; 78. Flow sensor; 781. Inlet; 782. Outlet; 783. Flow pipe; 784. Signal processing and flow totalizer; 79. Water quality sensor; 791. Probe; 792. Converter; 793. Signal processing motherboard; 794. Wiring port; A. Asphalt surface layer; B. Base layer; C. Subbase layer; D. Subgrade; E. Subgrade. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0029] Secondly, the term "an embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" appearing in different places throughout this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a single embodiment or an embodiment selectively excluded from other embodiments.

[0030] Example 1 Reference Figures 1-4 This is the first embodiment of the present invention, which provides a leachate collection device for the bottom of asphalt pavement made from fly ash from waste, comprising, The collection module 1 includes a liquid collection tank 11, a flow-gathering component 12, and a microporous filter membrane 13; The inspection well 2 includes an inspection well cover 21, a well body 22, a well wall 23, an inspection ladder 24, and a well foundation 25; The flow guiding module 3 includes a flow guiding pipe 31 and a main pipeline solenoid valve 32; The protective box 4 includes a box door 41, a door handle 42, a control panel 43, a filtrate inlet 44, a cable inlet 45, a base plate 46, a first support baffle 47, a second support baffle 48, and a third support baffle 49. Energy module 5 includes battery module 51 and pipeline module 52; The control and communication module 6 includes a central controller 61 and a communication module 62; The storage module 7 includes a lifting platform 71, a fixed block 72, a sample bottle 73, a bottle mouth fixing plate 74, a filtrate diversion pipe 75, a diversion solenoid valve 76, a main collection pipe 77, a flow sensor 78, and a water quality sensor 79.

[0031] In this embodiment, the collection module 1 is placed horizontally between the asphalt surface layer A and the base layer B. Its bottom is a confluence component 12 with an output end. Above the confluence component 12 is a liquid collection tank 11 with an open top and a slow downward slope from all sides to the center. The top of the liquid collection tank 11 is covered with a layer of water-permeable but slurry-permeable microporous filter membrane 13.

[0032] It should be noted that the collection tank 11 is made of chemically inert and corrosion-resistant material; the manifold 12 is seamlessly connected to the center of the bottom of the collection tank 11, ensuring that the leachate received by the collection tank 11 can flow smoothly out from the output end of the bottom of the manifold 12; while the microporous filter membrane 13 is tightly attached to the top of the collection tank 11, and the microporous filter membrane 13 only allows leachate to pass through, preventing fine particles in the upper asphalt mixture from clogging the subsequent pipeline.

[0033] Furthermore, the inspection well 2 is located on the road shoulder surface, facilitating access and sampling by technicians; the inspection well cover 21 in the inspection well 2 is located on the road surface and its top is flush with the top of the asphalt pavement A, ensuring that it does not affect the normal use of the road; the well wall 23 is set around the edge of the inspection well cover 21 to form a hollow cylinder, which is used to support the inspection well cover 21, transmit vehicle loads, and keep the well clean and safe; the space inside the well wall 23 is the well body 22, and a maintenance ladder 24 fixed to the well wall 23 is set on the right side of the well body 22, allowing technicians to enter the well for sampling or equipment maintenance; the bottom of the well wall 23 is provided with a well foundation 25 consisting of two layers of high-strength concrete foundation and gravel foundation.

[0034] It should be noted that the manhole cover 21 is tightly connected to the manhole wall 23 to prevent surface water, groundwater, mud and debris from entering the manhole 2; the manhole foundation 25 is an independent load-bearing structure that bears loads from the manhole cover 21, manhole wall 23, maintenance ladder 24, protective box 4 and traffic loads transmitted from the manhole wall 23.

[0035] Furthermore, the flow guide pipe 31 in the flow guide module 3 is connected to the output end at the bottom of the confluence component 12, and then passes vertically downward through the road base layer B, subbase layer C, and cushion layer D to the roadbed E. Then it extends horizontally and penetrates the well wall 23, and finally connects to the filtrate inlet 44 located at the top of the protection box 4. The main pipeline solenoid valve 32 is installed in the internal section of the inspection well 2 of the flow guide pipe 31, which can close the flow path when the system is under maintenance or when sampling is not required.

[0036] Furthermore, the protective box 4 is independently installed on the well foundation 25, and its body is completely dustproof and waterproof. The front of the protective box 4 is provided with a box door 41 with good sealing performance. A door handle 42 for opening or closing the box door 41 is provided in the center of the left side of the box door 41. A control panel 43 for manually setting the sampling mode is provided in the center of the box door 41. A filtrate inlet 44 for connecting the guide pipe 31 is provided on the top right side of the protective box 4. An inlet 45 for external pipelines to enter the protective box 4 is provided on the bottom right side of the protective box 4. A base plate 46 for independently supporting the protective box 4 and its internal precision equipment is provided at the bottom inside the protective box 4. A first support baffle 47 for supporting the control and communication module 6 is provided above the base plate 46. A second support baffle 48 for supporting the lifting platform 71, the fixing block 72 and the sample bottle 73 is provided above the first support baffle 47. A third support baffle 49 for supporting the bottle mouth fixing plate 74 is provided above the second support baffle 48.

[0037] It should be noted that when the door 41 of the protective box 4 is closed, the internal precision equipment is completely isolated from the well body 22; the protective box 4 is independently set up and has an independently supported base plate 46 inside, so the entire box is not affected by busy traffic on the ground or the settlement of the well body 22; the door 41 is set opposite to the maintenance ladder 24 to ensure that technicians have enough space for sampling and maintenance work; the base plate 46, the first support baffle 47, the second support baffle 48 and the third support baffle 49 divide the interior of the protective box 4 into 4 independent spaces, which facilitates technicians to access and maintain the internal modules.

[0038] Furthermore, the energy module 5 is located above the base plate 46, with a battery module 51 for storing electrical energy on its left side to ensure that the equipment inside the protection box 4 can operate uninterruptedly under any circumstances; and a pipeline module 52 for transmitting power and signals to the equipment inside the box is located on the right side of the battery module 51.

[0039] It should be noted that the pipeline module 52 connects all electronic devices inside the box, and it is connected to the pipeline outside the protection box 4 through the inlet port 45. The main pipeline solenoid valve 32 is connected to the pipeline module 52 through the external pipeline and is thus controlled by the control and communication module 6. The pipeline outside the box extends to the ground through the wire hole set in the well wall 23 and can be connected to the power supply line or solar equipment on the ground to supply power to all electronic devices inside the maintenance well 2.

[0040] Furthermore, the control and communication module 6 is located above the first support baffle 47. On its left side is a central controller 61 that can receive signals from the control panel 43, communication module 62, flow sensor 78 and water quality sensor 79 and control the main pipeline solenoid valve 32 and the diversion solenoid valve 76. On the right side of the central controller 61 is a communication module 62 that can transmit all sensor data, valve status, fault codes and other information to the cloud server in real time and receive remote control and configuration signals.

[0041] It should be noted that the central controller 61 receives information from various sensors, runs intelligent algorithms, issues control commands to each solenoid valve, and interacts with the cloud and users through the communication module 62. Users can remotely monitor and manage the system via a mobile app or computer software. The central controller 61 has four sampling modes: time series mode, event series mode, flow trigger mode, and water quality trigger mode. These four sampling modes cannot be run simultaneously; only one mode can be run at a time. The time series mode and event series mode require technicians to select them via a mobile app, computer software, or control panel 43, while the flow trigger mode and water quality trigger mode are determined intelligently by the central controller 61 based on information from multiple sensors. In time series mode, the equipment operates according to the specified parameters during rainfall. Sampling can be performed at preset time intervals (e.g., 0-1h, 1-2h, 2-3h, 3-4h after rainfall begins); Event sequence mode: When this mode is selected, the central controller 61 automatically identifies different rainfall events based on the information from the flow sensor 78 and issues instructions to collect leachate from the early, middle, and late stages of each rainfall event; Flow trigger mode: When the flow sensor 78 detects that the leachate flow rate reaches the peak flow threshold, the central controller 61 issues instructions to guide the leachate into the "overflow" sample bottle 73 to capture pollution peaks; Water quality trigger mode: When the water quality sensor 79 detects an abnormality in a specific indicator (e.g., a sudden change in pH or a sharp increase in conductivity), the central controller 61 immediately initiates emergency sampling and guides the leachate into the "abnormal" sample bottle 73.

[0042] Furthermore, the storage module 7 is located above the second support baffle 48; the lifting platform 71 in the storage module 7 is fixed on the second support baffle 48, and it realizes the replacement of sample bottles 73 through the lifting function; the fixing block 72 is fixed above the lifting platform 71 to fix the bottom of the eight sample bottles 73 and prevent the sample bottles 73 from shaking during liquid collection and replacement; the bottle mouth fixing plate 74 is located at the bottom of the third support baffle 49 to fix the bottle mouth of the sample bottle 73 and ensure that the sample bottle 73 completely collects the leachate without leakage; the filtrate diversion pipe 75 is vertically located directly above the sample bottle 73, and it passes through the bottle mouth fixing plate 74 and the third support baffle 49. A support baffle 49 extends vertically upward and is connected to one end of a diversion solenoid valve 76, while the other end of the diversion solenoid valve 76 is connected to the bottom of a main collection pipe 77. The main collection pipe 77 is located at the top of the diversion solenoid valve 76, and the top of its vertical section is connected to the guide pipe 31 through a filtrate inlet 44. A flow sensor 78 is located on the left side of the horizontal section of the main collection pipe 77 and is used to monitor the flow rate of the leachate in the main collection pipe 77 in real time and record the duration of the leachate. A water quality sensor 79 is located at the bottom of the vertical section of the main collection pipe 77 and is used to monitor in real time whether various parameters of the leachate (such as pH value, conductivity, etc.) are normal.

[0043] It should be noted that the second support baffle 48 supports the lifting platform 71, the fixed block 72, and the sample bottles 73; among the eight sample bottles 73, four sample bottles 73 are used to collect leachate at preset time intervals in the time series mode, two sample bottles 73 are used to collect leachate at the beginning and end of rainfall in the event series mode, one sample bottle 73 is used to collect leachate when the leachate flow rate reaches the peak flow threshold in the flow trigger mode, and the last sample bottle 73 is used to collect leachate when specific indicators of the leachate are abnormal in the water quality trigger mode; the third support baffle 49 and the inner top of the protective box 4 The unit supports the bottle neck fixing plate 74, the filtrate diversion pipe 75, the diversion solenoid valve 76, the main collection pipe 77, the flow sensor 78, and the water quality sensor 79. The diversion solenoid valve 76 is located between the filtrate diversion pipe 75 and the main collection pipe 77 to ensure that when one diversion solenoid valve 76 is in the open state and collecting leachate, there is no residual leachate in the filtrate diversion pipe 75 corresponding to the other diversion solenoid valves 76. The bottle neck fixing plate 74 is made of rubber material to prevent it from bumping when it comes into contact with the sample bottle 73. The main collection pipe 77 has a U-shaped design to ensure that there is no excess leachate residue in the main collection pipe 77 after each sampling.

[0044] Before use, technicians can open the manhole cover 21 on the shoulder, climb down the ladder 24 to the manhole foundation 25 at the bottom of the manhole body 22, and then select the sampling mode (event sequence mode or time sequence mode) through the control panel 43 on the box door 41. Alternatively, they can select the sampling mode through a mobile APP or computer software. After selecting the sampling mode, they can open the main pipeline solenoid valve 32 through the mobile APP or computer software.

[0045] In use, the time series mode is implemented as follows: After the technician selects the time series mode and sets the sampling time interval, when rainfall occurs, a small amount of rainwater seeps into the interior of asphalt surface layer A through defects (such as cracks) and flows downward. Then, it passes through the microporous filter membrane 13, is collected by the collection tank 11 to form leachate, and flows from the center of the collection tank 11 into the confluence component 12. The leachate collected by the confluence component 12 flows into the guide pipe 31 from the output end at the bottom of the confluence component 12. Then, under the action of gravity, the leachate flows downward, passes through the main pipeline solenoid valve 32 which is in the open state, and enters the main collection pipe 77 inside the protection box 4 through the filtrate inlet 44. Then, it continues to flow with the pipeline, passing through the water quality sensor 79 and the flow sensor 78. When the leachate... When the leachate passes through the water quality sensor 79, the water quality sensor 79 detects that the leachate indicators are normal. When the leachate passes through the flow sensor 78, the flow sensor 78 reads the flow information, senses that the flow rate is higher than the rainfall threshold but lower than the peak flow threshold, and starts timing. It then transmits the information to the central controller 61. After reading the information, the central controller 61 quickly opens the diversion solenoid valve 76 corresponding to the "0-1h" sample bottle 73 and closes the other diversion solenoid valves 76, guiding the leachate into the corresponding sample bottle 73. After collecting for 1 hour, the central controller 61 switches to opening the diversion solenoid valve 76 corresponding to the "1-2h" sample bottle 73 and closing the other diversion solenoid valves 76 to continue collecting leachate. This switching is repeated to collect leachate at different times during the rainfall period.

[0046] Furthermore, the event sequence mode is implemented as follows: After the technician selects the event sequence mode, when rainfall occurs, the leachate enters the main collection pipe 77 and continues to flow, passing through the water quality sensor 79 and the flow sensor 78. When the leachate passes through the water quality sensor 79, the water quality sensor 79 detects that the leachate indicators are normal. When the leachate passes through the flow sensor 78, the flow sensor 78 reads the flow information. After sensing that the flow rate is higher than the rainfall threshold but lower than the peak flow threshold, it transmits the information to the central controller 61. After reading the information, the central controller 61 quickly opens the corresponding diversion solenoid valve 76 above the "early and middle stages of rainfall" sample bottle 73 and closes the other diversion solenoid valves 76, guiding the leachate into the corresponding sample bottle 73. The leachate is continuously collected until its flow rate is lower than a certain rainfall threshold. At this time, the flow sensor 78 determines that it is the end of the rainfall period and transmits the information to the central controller 61. After reading the information, the central controller 61 quickly issues an instruction to guide the leachate to the "end of rainfall" sample bottle 73.

[0047] Furthermore, the flow-triggered mode is implemented as follows: When the device is in time-series or event-series mode, the leachate passes through the flow sensor 78. The flow sensor 78 reads the flow information and, upon sensing that the flow rate is higher than the peak flow threshold, transmits the information to the central controller 61. After reading the information, the central controller 61 immediately activates the flow-triggered mode, quickly switching to open the corresponding diversion solenoid valve 76 above the "overflow" sample bottle 73 and closing the other diversion solenoid valves 76, guiding the leachate into the corresponding sample bottle 73. At the same time, the flow-triggered information is sent to the mobile APP and computer software via the communication module 62. Once the leachate flow rate is lower than the peak flow threshold, the central controller 61 quickly switches back to the original mode of the device to continue sampling.

[0048] Furthermore, the water quality trigger mode is implemented as follows: When the device is in time-series or event-series mode, the leachate passes through the water quality sensor 79. The water quality sensor 79 detects abnormal leachate indicators and then transmits the information to the central controller 61. After reading the information, the central controller 61 immediately activates the water quality trigger mode, quickly switches to open the corresponding diversion solenoid valve 76 above the "abnormal" sample bottle 73 and closes the other diversion solenoid valves 76, guiding the leachate into the corresponding sample bottle 73. At the same time, the abnormal leachate information is sent to the mobile APP and computer software through the communication module 62. After the leachate indicators return to normal, the central controller 61 quickly switches back to the original mode of the device to continue sampling.

[0049] It should be noted that when neither the water quality sensor 79 nor the flow sensor 78 is triggered, the device will sample according to the sampling mode selected by the technician; when both the water quality sensor 79 and the flow sensor 78 are triggered, the device will trigger the water quality trigger mode for sampling; when the water quality sensor 79 is triggered, the device will trigger the water quality trigger mode for sampling; when the flow sensor 78 is triggered, the device will trigger the flow trigger mode for sampling.

[0050] Furthermore, after sampling, the equipment automatically closes the main pipeline solenoid valve 32. Technicians open the inspection manhole cover 21 on the shoulder, climb down the inspection ladder 24 to the manhole foundation 25 at the bottom of the manhole body 22, open the box door 41 through the door handle 42, operate the lifting platform 71 to lower it to the lowest point, remove the sample bottle 73 containing leachate from the fixed block 72 and record it, then place a new sample bottle 73, operate the lifting platform 71 to raise it to the highest point, close the box door 41, climb out of the manhole through the inspection ladder 24, and finally close the inspection manhole cover 21 to complete the sampling work.

[0051] In summary, this invention collects leachate that has seeped into the asphalt surface layer A using a collection module 1, and simultaneously guides the leachate into a storage module 7 within a protective tank 4 using a diversion module 3. Furthermore, an energy module 5 powers the entire device, and a control and communication module 6, combined with the storage module 7, supports wireless operation of the device while ensuring real-time acquisition of rainfall information. Additionally, a maintenance well 2 is provided for technicians to take samples. The collaborative operation of these modules enables multi-mode sampling and preservation of leachate without damaging the road surface structure, providing a reliable means for long-term, in-situ, and dynamic monitoring in real road environments.

[0052] Example 2 Reference Figures 3-9 This is the second embodiment of the present invention, which differs from the first embodiment in that it includes, The liquid collection tank 11 includes a liquid collection hole 111; The main pipeline solenoid valve 32 includes a main valve seat 321, a valve core 322, a diaphragm 323, a pressure relief channel 324, a balance channel 325, a moving iron core 326, a coil 327, a spring 328, and a fixed iron core 329. The lifting platform 71 includes a base 711, a scissor arm 712, a hydraulic cylinder 713, a support platform 714, and a lifting control switch 715; The fixing block 72 includes a groove 721 and a sample bottle fixing pad 722; The bottle neck fixing plate 74 includes a bottle neck fixing groove 741 and a diverter fixing hole 742; The diversion solenoid valve 76 includes an inlet 761, an outlet 762, a valve body 763, and an operator 764. The flow sensor 78 includes an inlet 781, an outlet 782, a flow tube 783, and a signal processing and flow totalizer 784; The water quality sensor 79 includes a probe 791, a converter 792, a signal processing main board 793, and a connection port 794.

[0053] Specifically, the liquid collection hole 111 is located in the center of the liquid collection tank 11 and passes through the liquid collection tank 11. Its channel is connected to the channel at the top of the confluence component 12 to ensure that the leachate in the liquid collection hole 111 can smoothly enter the confluence component 12.

[0054] Furthermore, in the main pipeline solenoid valve 32, the main valve seat 321 is located at the center of the bottom of the main pipeline solenoid valve 32, which, together with the valve core 322 located above it, divides the lower half of the main pipeline solenoid valve 32 into left and right chambers; the diaphragm 323 connects the left and right ends of the valve core 322 and is used to pull the valve core 322; the pressure relief channel 324 and the balance channel 325 are respectively located at the upper right and upper left of the valve core 322, and the two are connected through the pilot valve port at the bottom of the moving iron core 326 to adjust the pressure difference between the two chambers; the moving iron core 326 is located on the valve core 322. 2. Directly above, the pressure relief channel 324 and the balance channel 325 are connected and separated; the coil 327 is located on the left and right sides of the moving iron core 326. When the coil 327 is energized, it generates magnetic force. The moving iron core 326 is attracted by the electromagnetic force and overcomes its own weight and the resistance of the spring 328 to rise; the spring 328 is connected to the top of the moving iron core 326, and the fixed iron core 329 is connected to the top of the spring 328 and will not move. When the coil 327 is de-energized, the spring 328, under the action of elastic force, makes the moving iron core 326 reach the lowest point, thereby closing the pilot valve port.

[0055] Furthermore, in the lifting platform 71, the base 711 is fixed to the top of the second support baffle 48 to support the scissor arm 712, hydraulic cylinder 713, support platform 714, fixed block 72, and sample bottle 73 above it; the scissor arm 712 is mounted on the base 711 to provide lifting function for the lifting platform 71; the two ends of the hydraulic cylinder 713 are respectively connected to the base 711 and the scissor arm 712, providing power for the scissor arm 712 during lifting; the support platform 714 is located above the scissor arm 712 to support the fixed block 72 and sample bottle 73; the lifting control switch 715 is located on the left side of the lifting platform 71 and fixed to the left side of the protective box 4 to control the lifting platform 71 to rise and fall.

[0056] Furthermore, the fixing block 72 is provided with 8 grooves 721, each groove 721 having a diameter 1-2 mm larger than the bottom diameter of the sample bottle 73, for placing the sample bottle 73; each groove 721 has a sample bottle fixing pad 722 at its bottom for fixing the bottom of the sample bottle 73 and preventing the sample bottle 73 from shaking in the groove 721.

[0057] Furthermore, the bottom of the bottle mouth fixing plate 74 is provided with 8 bottle mouth fixing grooves 741 but do not penetrate its body. Each bottle mouth fixing groove 741 is located directly above the bottle mouth of each sample bottle 73, and its diameter is 1-2 mm larger than the bottle mouth diameter of the sample bottle 73, for fixing the bottle mouth of the sample bottle 73. The diversion tube fixing hole 742 is located in the center of each bottle mouth fixing groove 741 and penetrates the bottle mouth fixing plate 74. Its diameter is the same as the diameter of the filtrate diversion tube 75, which ensures that the filtrate diversion tube 75 can pass through the bottle mouth fixing groove 741 and also fixes the filtrate diversion tube 75.

[0058] Furthermore, the diversion solenoid valve 76 operates on the same principle as the main pipeline solenoid valve 32. In the diversion solenoid valve 76, the inlet 761 is connected to the bottom of the main collection pipe 77, the outlet 762 is connected to the top of the filtrate diversion pipe 75, and the valve body 763 is connected to the inlet 761 and the outlet 762. The three together form a connected pipeline. The closing and opening commands of the diversion solenoid valve 76 are executed within the valve body 763. The operator 764 is located on the valve body 763, and its function is to send closing and opening commands to the valve body 763.

[0059] Furthermore, in the flow sensor 78, the inlet 781 is connected to the left half of the main collection pipe 77, the outlet 782 is connected to the right half of the main collection pipe 77, and the flow pipe 783 connects the inlet 781 and the outlet 782. The three together form a connected pipe. The function of the flow pipe 783 is to read the flow information and send it to the signal processing and flow totalizer 784. The signal processing and flow totalizer 784 is located on the flow pipe 783, and its function is to process the flow information sent from the flow pipe 783 and send it to the central controller 61.

[0060] Furthermore, in the water quality sensor 79, the probe 791 is in direct contact with the leachate, and the target substance to be measured in the leachate (such as H) + Ions, heavy metal ions, etc., interact specifically with probe 791, resulting in physical changes (such as changes in temperature and optical properties) or electrochemical changes. Converter 792 is located below probe 791 and its function is to convert the physical or chemical changes generated by probe 791 into measurable electrical signals and send them to signal processing main board 793. Signal processing main board 793 is located below converter 792 and is used to process electrical signals and convert them into corresponding water quality parameter values. Connection port 794 is located below signal processing main board 793 and is connected to central controller 61 through pipeline to output the obtained water quality parameters to central controller 61.

[0061] During use, after the technician selects the sampling mode, when rainfall occurs, rainwater seeps into the bottom of the asphalt surface layer A, then passes through the microporous filter membrane 13, is collected by the collection tank 11 to form leachate, and flows into the manifold 12 from the collection hole 111 in the center of the collection tank 11. Then, it flows from the output end at the bottom of the manifold 12 into the left chamber of the guide pipe 31. When the main pipeline solenoid valve 32 is energized, under the action of gravity, the coil 327 generates electromagnetic force, causing the moving iron core 326 to move upward against the elastic force of the spring 328. At this time, the pressure relief channel 324 and the balance channel 325 are connected, the pressure in the right chamber rises, and the pressure in the left chamber falls, thereby using the pressure difference to push the valve core 322 upward. At this time, the leachate in the left chamber flows smoothly to the right chamber and continues to flow into the guide pipe 31. Then, it enters the main collection pipe 77 inside the protection box 4 through the filtrate inlet 44, and then continues to flow through the pipeline past the probe 791 of the water quality sensor 79. The probe 791 and the leachate... Upon contact with the filtrate, physical or electrochemical changes occur, which are transmitted to the converter 792. The converter 792 converts these changes into measurable electrical signals and sends them to the signal processing mainboard 793. The signal processing mainboard 793 processes the electrical signals and converts them into corresponding water quality parameter values, which are then sent to the central controller 61. The central controller sends instructions based on the water quality conditions. The leachate continues to flow, passing through the inlet 781, flow tube 783, and outlet 782 of the flow sensor 78. When passing through the flow tube 783, the flow tube 783 reads the flow information and sends it to the signal processing and flow totalizer 784. The signal processing and flow totalizer 784 sends the flow information to the central controller 61, which sends instructions based on the flow conditions. The leachate continues to flow, passing through the inlet 761, valve body 763, outlet 762, and filtrate diversion pipe 75, and finally flows into the sample bottle 73. After sampling, the main pipeline solenoid valve 32 is de-energized. At this time, the pressure in the right chamber decreases and the pressure in the left chamber increases. Under the action of pressure difference, the valve core 322 closes and the main pipeline solenoid valve 32 closes. Technicians enter the bottom of the well through the inspection well 2, open the door 41 of the protection box 4, operate the lifting control switch 715 to lower the lifting platform 71 to the lowest point, then take out the sample bottle 73 containing leachate from the groove 721 and put a new sample bottle 73 in place. Then operate the lifting control switch 715 again to raise the lifting platform 71 to the highest point, then close the door 41, and then climb out of the well through the inspection ladder 24. Finally, close the inspection well cover 21 to complete the sampling work.

[0062] In summary, based on Example 1, Example 2 refines the internal components of the collection tank 11, main pipeline solenoid valve 32, lifting platform 71, fixing block 72, bottle mouth fixing plate 74, diversion solenoid valve 76, flow sensor 78, and water quality sensor 79 to ensure that each internal component of the equipment can coordinate with each other during operation, thereby achieving multi-mode sampling and obtaining the leachate samples required for research.

[0063] How to use The method of using the waste fly ash asphalt pavement bottom leachate collection device of the present invention includes the following steps: Step a: During the road design phase, determine the location and density of equipment based on monitoring requirements; Step b: During the road construction process, excavate the foundation pit at the road shoulder and construct the inspection well 2, ensuring that the top of the inspection well cover 21 is flush with the road surface; Step c: Place a protective box 4 on the well foundation 25. The box contains an energy module 5, a control and communication module 6, and a storage module 7. Step d: Lead the guide pipe out from the filtrate inlet 44 of the protection box 4, pass horizontally through the well wall 23, and vertically upward through the roadbed E, subbase D, and base course C until the predetermined position at the top of the base course B. Step e: Following the normal construction process, lay the roadbed E, subbase D, base course C, and base course B in sequence; Step f: After laying the road base layer B and before paving the asphalt surface layer A, place the collection module 1 flat in the predetermined position and reliably connect the bottom output end of the confluence component 12 to the extension end of the guide pipe 31. Step g: Continue to pave and compact the asphalt surface layer A, so that the entire equipment, except for the manhole cover 21, is completely embedded in the road structure; Step h: After the road is put into use, after each rainfall event or according to the predetermined research plan, the technicians first open the manhole cover 21 on the shoulder, climb down the maintenance ladder 24 to the manhole foundation 25 at the bottom of the manhole body 22, then open the box door 41 through the door handle 42, operate the lifting platform 71 to lower it to the lowest point, replace or remove the sample bottle 73 on the fixed block 72 and record it, then operate the lifting platform 71 to raise it to the highest point and close the box door 41, then return to the road surface through the maintenance ladder 24, finally close the manhole cover 21 and take the sample bottle 73 containing leachate to the laboratory for subsequent analysis.

[0064] Importantly, the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for collecting leachate from the bottom of asphalt pavement made of fly ash from waste, characterized in that: include, The collection module (1) includes a liquid collection tank (11), a confluence component (12) located directly below the liquid collection tank (11), and a microporous filter membrane (13) covering the top of the liquid collection tank (11). The flow guiding module (3) includes a flow guiding pipe (31) and a main pipeline solenoid valve (32) located on the well section of the flow guiding pipe (31). The energy module (5) includes a battery module (51) and a pipeline module (52) located to the right of the battery module (51). The control and communication module (6) includes a central controller (61) and a communication module (62) located to the right of the central controller (61). The storage module (7) includes a lifting platform (71), a fixed block (72) fixed above the lifting platform (71), a sample bottle (73) located in the fixed block (72), a bottle mouth fixing plate (74) fixed to the bottom of the third support baffle (49), a filtrate diversion pipe (75) vertically located directly above the sample bottle (73), a diversion solenoid valve (76) connected to the top of the filtrate diversion pipe (75), a main collection pipe (77) connected to the top of the diversion solenoid valve (76), a flow sensor (78) located on the horizontal section of the main collection pipe (77), and a water quality sensor (79) located at the bottom of the vertical section of the main collection pipe (77).

2. The waste fly ash asphalt pavement bottom leachate collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes, The maintenance well (2) includes a maintenance well cover (21), a well body (22) located directly below the maintenance well cover (21), a well wall (23) surrounding the maintenance well (2), a maintenance ladder (24) on the well wall (23), and a well foundation (25) at the bottom of the well body (22). The protective box (4) includes a box door (41), a door handle (42) located in the center of the left side of the box door (41), a control panel (43) located in the center of the box door (41), a filtrate inlet (44) located at the top of the protective box (4), a cable inlet (45) located at the bottom right side of the protective box (4), a bottom plate (46) located at the bottom inside the protective box (4), and a first support baffle (47), a second support baffle (48) and a third support baffle (49) sequentially located above the bottom plate (46).

3. The waste fly ash asphalt pavement bottom leachate collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid collection tank (11) has multiple liquid collection holes (111) in the center.

4. The waste fly ash asphalt pavement bottom leachate collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main pipeline solenoid valve (32) includes a main valve seat (321), a valve core (322) located above the main valve seat (321), a diaphragm (323) connecting the left and right ends of the valve core (322), a pressure relief channel (324) located on the upper right of the valve core (322), a balance channel (325) located on the upper left of the valve core (322), a moving iron core (326) located directly above the valve core (322), coils (327) provided on both the left and right sides of the moving iron core (326), a spring (328) connected to the top of the moving iron core (326), and a fixed iron core (329) connected to the top of the spring (328).

5. The waste fly ash asphalt pavement bottom leachate collection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The box door (41) is positioned opposite to the maintenance ladder (24).

6. The waste fly ash asphalt pavement bottom leachate collection device according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that: The lifting platform (71) includes a base (711) fixed to the top of the second support baffle (48), a scissor arm (712) disposed above the base (711), a hydraulic cylinder (713) disposed on the base (711) and the scissor arm (712), a support platform (714) disposed above the scissor arm (712), and a lifting control switch (715) disposed to the left of the base (711) and fixed to the left side of the protective box (4). The fixed block (72) has multiple grooves (721) that do not penetrate its body, and each groove (721) has a sample bottle fixing pad (722) at the bottom. The bottle mouth fixing plate (74) is provided with a plurality of bottle mouth fixing grooves (741), and a diversion pipe fixing hole (742) penetrating the bottle mouth fixing plate (74) is provided in the center of each bottle mouth fixing groove (741). The diversion solenoid valve (76) includes an inlet (761) connected to the bottom of the main pipe (77), an outlet (762) connected to the top of the filter diversion pipe (75), a valve body (763) connecting the inlet (761) and the outlet (762), and an operator (764) provided on the valve body (763). The flow sensor (78) includes an inlet (781) connected to the left half of the manifold (77), an outlet (782) connected to the right half of the manifold (77), a flow tube (783) connecting the inlet (781) and the outlet (782), and a signal processing and flow totalizer (784) disposed on the flow tube (783). The water quality sensor (79) includes a probe (791), a converter (792) located below the probe (791), a signal processing main board (793) located below the converter (792), and a wiring port (794) located below the signal processing main board (793).

7. A method of using a waste fly ash asphalt pavement bottom leachate collection device as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step a: During the road design phase, determine the location and density of equipment based on monitoring requirements; Step b: During the road construction process, excavate the foundation pit at the shoulder and build a maintenance well (2) to ensure that the top of the maintenance well cover (21) is flush with the road surface; Step c: Place a protective box (4) on the well foundation (25). The box contains an energy module (5), a control and communication module (6), and a storage module (7). Step d: Lead the guide pipe (31) out from the filtrate inlet (44) of the protection box (4), pass horizontally through the well wall (23), and vertically upward through the roadbed (E), subbase (D), and base course (C) until the predetermined position at the top of the base course (B); Step e: Following the normal construction process, lay the roadbed (E), the subbase (D), the base course (C), and the base course (B) in sequence. Step f: After laying the base layer (B) and before paving the asphalt surface layer (A), place the collection module (1) flat in the predetermined position and reliably connect the bottom output end of the confluence component (12) to the extension end of the guide pipe (31); Step g: Continue to pave and compact the asphalt surface layer (A) so that the entire equipment, except for the manhole cover (21), is completely embedded in the road structure; Step h: After the road is put into use, after each rainfall event or according to the predetermined research plan, technicians access the storage module (7) through the maintenance well (2) on the shoulder, replace or remove the sample bottles in the storage module (7), and record and conduct subsequent laboratory analysis.

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