Composite loading salt cavern hydrogen storage positive and reverse fault activation simulation device based on conveyor belt type lower tray

Abstract

The invention provides a composite loading salt cavern hydrogen storage positive and reverse fault activation simulation device based on a conveyor belt type footwall. The composite loading salt cavern hydrogen storage positive and reverse fault activation simulation device comprises a multi-cylinder collaborative loading system, an experiment box, the conveyor belt type footwall, an air bag hydrogen storage system, a horizontal jack, a simulated salt rock filling body and a measuring system. Wherein the multi-cylinder cooperative loading system comprises a top fixing plate and a controllable hydraulic cylinder; the conveying belt type lower disc comprises a conveying belt component, an upper cover plate, a lower baffle, a lower disc lower plate, a lower disc rear plate, a telescopic baffle and a lifting rod. The upper part and the lower part of the conveyor belt component are respectively connected with an upper cover plate and a lower baffle plate; the upper cover plate is holed according to the size of the conveyor belt to expose the conveyor belt part on the inclined surface; the lower baffle is hinged to the top end of the lifting rod, the bottom end of the lifting rod is hinged to the lower plate of the lower disc, and the lifting rod is matched with the telescopic baffle and used for adjusting the opening-closing angle between the lower plate of the lower disc and the rear plate of the lower disc. The air bag hydrogen storage system comprises an air bag positioned in the experiment box body; the horizontal jack is fixed outside the experiment box body.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of energy storage, and particularly relates to a fault activation simulation experiment device for hydrogen circulation storage and release process under a salt cavern hydrogen storage scene, and especially to a forward and reverse fault activation mechanism simulation experiment device for stability research of a salt cavern hydrogen storage energy facility. BACKGROUND

[0002] In terms of safe storage of hydrogen energy, salt caverns have become an optimal solution for large-scale underground circulation storage and release of hydrogen energy due to the advantages of large capacity, good sealing, strong stability and low construction cost. Long-term safe and stable operation of a salt cavern hydrogen storage facility is of great significance to the security of energy supply. However, salt cavern hydrogen storage sites often face geological conditions with developed faults. Under the action of periodic fluctuations of hydrogen storage pressure caused by hydrogen circulation injection and production, the stress environment of the surrounding rock mass will change, which can easily induce the initiation, expansion and activation of different types of faults such as normal faults and reverse faults. This phenomenon not only can damage the sealing of the salt cavern and cause hydrogen leakage, but also can cause structural damage to the hydrogen storage facility, which seriously threatens the safe operation of the salt cavern hydrogen storage system. Therefore, accurately simulating the activation mechanism of normal faults and reverse faults in the process of salt cavern hydrogen circulation storage and release, and revealing the coupling relationship between pressure fluctuation and fault activation, are key prerequisites for the safe design and operation of salt cavern hydrogen storage facilities. However, existing geomechanical simulation experiment devices cannot meet the above requirements. Most of the devices are not designed for the core working condition of "hydrogen circulation storage and release" of salt cavern hydrogen storage, and cannot reproduce the action environment of pressure periodic change on faults. The fault simulation structure is mostly a fixed angle, immovable and rigid structure, and most of them can only simulate a single type of fault, cannot take into account the different activation characteristics of normal faults and reverse faults, and cannot accurately control the fault movement and flexibly adjust the dip angle to adapt to different geological conditions. At the same time, there is a lack of an integrated platform for simulating the coupling of the pressure field of circulation storage and release and the dynamic activation of faults, which makes it difficult to accurately capture the activation evolution law of different types of faults under the action of the circulation pressure. In summary, the existing technology cannot meet the demand for accurate simulation of the activation mechanism of normal faults and reverse faults in the process of circulation storage and release under the salt cavern hydrogen storage scene. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an experimental device that can truly reproduce the circulation storage and release working condition, accurately control the fault movement and dip angle, and realize the coupling simulation of normal faults and reverse faults activation and hydrogen storage pressure field, to provide technical support for the safety assessment and optimal design of salt cavern hydrogen storage facilities. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application aims to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a salt cavern hydrogen normal and reverse fault activation simulation experiment device to solve the technical problems that the existing devices cannot truly reproduce the hydrogen circulation storage and release working condition, cannot take into account the different activation characteristics of normal faults and reverse faults, lack controllable adjustment technology of fault movement and dip angle, and lack the coupling simulation capability of pressure field and fault activation, to provide experimental support for the safety protection of salt cavern hydrogen storage.

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the application adopts the following technical solutions: A composite loading salt cavern hydrogen storage positive and inverse fault activation simulation device based on a conveyor belt type lower disc, comprising a multi-cylinder cooperative loading system 1, an experimental box 2, a conveyor belt type lower disc 3, a gas bag hydrogen storage system 4, a horizontal jack 5, a simulated salt rock filling body 6, and a measurement system 8; wherein, The multi-cylinder cooperative loading system 1 comprises a top fixed plate 101 and a controllable hydraulic cylinder 102, and the controllable hydraulic cylinder 102 is fixedly connected between the top fixed plate 101 and the experimental box; The experimental box 2 comprises an experimental box body 201, and the experimental box body 201 is laterally provided with a horizontal jack connecting hole 202 and a gas bag gas conveying hose reserved hole 203; The conveyor belt type lower disc 3 comprises a conveyor belt component 301, an upper cover plate 316, a lower baffle 307, a lower disc lower plate 315, a lower disc rear plate 318, a telescopic baffle 304, and a lifting rod 303; The lower disc lower plate 315 and the lower disc rear plate 318 are hingedly connected to each other, the fixed parts of the telescopic baffle 304 are connected to the upper and lower ends of the upper cover plate 316 respectively, and the sliding parts are connected to the fixed parts through a nested sliding type splicing structure respectively; The upper and lower parts of the conveyor belt component 301 are connected to the upper cover plate 316 and the lower baffle 307 respectively, the upper cover plate 316 is provided with a hole according to the size of the conveyor belt to expose the conveyor belt part on the inclined surface; the lower baffle 307 is hingedly connected to the top end of the lifting rod 303, the bottom end of the lifting rod 303 is hingedly connected to the lower disc lower plate 315, and the lifting rod 303 cooperates with the telescopic baffle 304 to adjust the opening angle between the lower disc lower plate 315 and the lower disc rear plate 318; The gas bag hydrogen storage system 4 comprises a gas bag 401, a gas bag gas conveying hose 402, a balance box 403, and a gas pump 404 in the experimental box body 201, and the gas bag 401 is connected to the balance box 403 and the gas pump 404 outside the experimental box body 201 through the gas bag gas conveying hose 402; The horizontal jack 5 is fixed outside the experimental box body 201, and the output end thereof is rigidly connected to the lower disc rear plate 318 after passing through the horizontal jack connecting hole 202; The simulated salt rock filling body 6 is filled in the upper part of the conveyor belt type lower disc 3 in the experimental box body 201 together with the gas bag 401.

[0005] Further, the lower disc lower plate 315 and the lower disc rear plate 318 are both provided with a sliding groove and a sliding block for adjusting the positional relationship between the two ends of the conveyor belt component 301 and the lower disc lower plate 315 and the lower disc rear plate 318.

[0006] Further, the measuring system 8 comprises a salt cave top layer strain gauge 801, a salt cave middle layer strain gauge 802, a salt cave bottom layer strain gauge 803, a salt cave waist soil pressure cell 804, a salt cave bottom soil pressure cell 805, a fault strain gauge 806 and a fault soil pressure cell 807; the salt cave top layer strain gauge 801, the salt cave middle layer strain gauge 802 and the salt cave bottom layer strain gauge 803 are respectively arranged on the top, center and bottom of the surface of the air bag 401; the fault strain gauge 806 is arranged in a grid array on the surface of the conveyor belt of the conveyor belt type lower plate 3, i.e. on the simulated fault surface; the salt cave waist soil pressure cell 804 is arranged vertically on the side of the largest diameter of the air bag 401, with the sensing surface facing the center of the salt cave; the two salt cave bottom soil pressure cells 805 are arranged horizontally on the bottom of the air bag 401 directly below and close to the fault side, with the sensing surface facing upward; and the fault soil pressure cell 807 is arranged close to the simulated fault surface, with the sensing surface perpendicular to the direction of the simulated fault surface.

[0007] Further, the specific placement mode of the air bag 401 in the experimental box 201 is determined according to the construction method of the simulated salt rock filling body 6.

[0008] Further, if the block stacking method is adopted, the air bag 401 is placed in the reserved cavity space formed by the similar material blocks during the process of stacking layer by layer.

[0009] Further, if the similar material pouring method is adopted, the air bag 401 is first placed in the storage cavity formed in the already formed simulated salt rock filling body 6 by the "compaction and pulling method".

[0010] Further, if the horizontal jack 5 maintains or increases the thrust, the conveyor belt runs in the direction of the reverse fault activation for simulating the reverse fault activation; if the horizontal jack 5 reduces the thrust, the conveyor belt runs in the direction of the normal fault activation for simulating the normal fault activation.

[0011] Further, a buffer cushion 7 is arranged between the lower plate 315 of the lower plate and the bottom plate 204 of the experimental box.

[0012] Further, the controllable hydraulic cylinders 102 are fixedly connected in an array between the top fixed plate 101 and the experimental box; the hydraulic pipelines of all the controllable hydraulic cylinders 102 are connected to an external hydraulic station.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects: the hydrogen circulation storage and release simulation system is designed in the present application, the hydrogen circulation injection and production are realized through the gas bag hydrogen storage system, and the combination of the silica gel material gas bag and the variable frequency hydrogen compressor is more suitable for the actual working condition of the salt cavern hydrogen storage. The designed conveyor belt type lower disc adjusts the inclination of the conveyor belt device through the driving of the total control box, and the extension and retraction of the telescopic baffle can be flexibly matched to simulate the structure and activation characteristics of different types of faults such as normal faults and reverse faults. The movement of the conveyor belt device is controlled through the displacement control module of the total control box, and the precise loading and unloading of the servo electric jack can realize the quantitative control of the relative displacement and horizontal thrust of the two discs of the fault. An integrated platform for pressure field and fault activation coupling simulation is constructed, which integrates the cyclic storage and release pressure simulation, normal and reverse fault simulation, overburden pressure simulation and quantitative measurement system, and can systematically reveal the coupling relationship between hydrogen storage pressure fluctuation and normal and reverse fault activation. The accurate layout of the strain flowers and earth pressure cells in the matching measurement system realizes the comprehensive quantitative monitoring of the strain and earth pressure parameters during the experiment. The overall structure of the device is reasonable, the simulated salt rock filling body can reproduce the real salt rock characteristics, and the experimental results have high reliability, which can provide scientific experimental data support for the facility safety design, risk assessment and operation optimization of the salt cavern hydrogen storage energy storage method. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 The present application is a salt cavern hydrogen storage normal and reverse fault activation simulation experiment device structure diagram Figure 2 The present application is a salt cavern hydrogen storage normal and reverse fault activation simulation experiment device overall layout diagram Figure 3 The present application is a conveyor belt type lower disc overall diagram Figure 4 The present application is a conveyor belt type lower disc side view diagram Figure 5 The present application is a conveyor belt type lower disc front view diagram Figure 6 The present application is a conveyor belt type lower disc internal structure diagram Figure 7 The present application is a sensor element arrangement diagram Figure 8 The present application is a gas bag hydrogen storage system diagram Figure 9 The present application is a horizontal jack diagram Figure 10 The present application is a multi-cylinder coordinated loading system and experiment box diagram Figure 11 The present application is a buffer cushion arrangement position diagram Figure 12 The present application is a simulated salt rock filling body position arrangement diagramBRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS The accompanying drawings are explained as follows 1 Multi-cylinder coordinated loading system 2 Test box 3 Conveyor belt type lower disc 4 Air bag hydrogen storage system 5 Horizontal jack 6 Simulated salt rock filling body 7 Buffering soft pad 8 Measuring system 101 Top fixing plate 102 Controllable hydraulic cylinder (16) 103 Counterforce frame 104 Cushion beam 201 Test box body 202 Horizontal jack connecting hole 203 Air bag gas conveying hose reserved hole 204 Test box bottom plate 301 Conveyor belt component 302 Lower plate angle-adjustable connecting sliding block 303 Lifting rod 304 Telescopic baffle 305 Lower plate sliding groove 306 Total control box 307 Lower baffle 308 Control line reserved hole 309 Motor 310 Planetary reducer 311 Tensioning device 312 Control console 313 Rear plate angle-adjustable connecting sliding block 314 Rear plate sliding groove 315 Lower disc lower plate 316 Upper cover plate 317 Conveyor belt component edge beam 318 Lower disc rear plate 319 Side fixing plate 401 Air bag 402 Air bag gas conveying hose 403 Balancing box 404 Air pump 801 Salt cavern top layer strain gauge (4) 802 Salt cavern middle layer strain gauge (8) 803 Salt cavern bottom layer strain gauge (4) 804 Salt cavern waist soil pressure cell (1) 805 Salt cavern bottom soil pressure cell (2) 806 Fault strain gauge (9) Earth pressure cell for fault 807 (1 unit) Detailed Implementation

[0015] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figures 1 to 12 This paper provides a detailed description of the specific implementation of the salt cavern hydrogen storage forward and reverse fault activation simulation experimental device of the present invention. This embodiment is only used to illustrate the technical solution and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make adaptive adjustments to the parameters based on the actual experimental scenario on the basis of this embodiment. Any simple changes or modifications made using the design concept of the present invention fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0016] This experimental setup includes a multi-cylinder collaborative loading system 1, an experimental chamber 2, a conveyor belt lower plate 3, an airbag hydrogen storage system 4, a horizontal jack 5, a simulated salt rock filling body 6, a buffer pad 7, and a measurement system 8.

[0017] Multi-cylinder cooperative loading system 1 ( Figure 10 The test chamber 201 includes a top fixed plate 101, controllable hydraulic cylinders 102, a reaction frame 103, and a support beam 104. The reaction frame 103 is fixedly connected to the ground or experimental foundation using anchor bolts. The support beam 104 is positioned between the reaction frame 103 and the top fixed plate 101, and is rigidly connected to both using high-strength bolts. Sixteen controllable hydraulic cylinders 102 are fixed in a 4×4 array between the top fixed plate 101 and the top steel plate of the experimental chamber 201, with their bottom ends fixedly connected to the top steel plate of the experimental chamber 201 via flanges. The hydraulic lines of all controllable hydraulic cylinders 102 are connected to an external hydraulic power unit (not shown in the figure), which is connected to a computer (not shown in the figure).

[0018] Experimental Box 2 ( Figure 10 The experimental chamber includes an experimental housing 201, a horizontal jack connection hole 202, an airbag supply hose pre-drilled hole 203, and an experimental housing bottom plate 204. The side plates of the experimental housing 201, the experimental housing bottom plate 204, and the top plate are connected to each other by welding. The horizontal jack connection hole 202 is provided on the rear side plate of the housing, and the airbag supply hose pre-drilled hole 203 is provided on the side plate. In addition, the experimental housing 201 also includes other openings or windows for the lead-out and observation of the measurement system 8 (provided according to the actual situation, not shown in the figure).

[0019] Conveyor belt type lower plate 3 ( Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6) including the conveyor member 301, the lower plate adjustable angle connecting slider 302, the lifting rod 303, the telescopic baffle 304, the lower plate sliding groove 305, the total control box 306, the lower baffle 307, the control line reserved hole 308, the motor 309, the planetary reducer 310, the tensioning device 311, the control console 312, the rear plate adjustable angle connecting slider 313, the rear plate sliding groove 314, the lower disc lower plate 315, the upper cover plate 316, the conveyor member edge beam 317, the lower disc rear plate 318, the side fixed plate 319. The upper cover plate 316 is fixed above the conveyor member edge beam 317 by bolts, and the upper cover plate 316 is holed according to the size of the conveyor belt to expose the conveyor belt part on the inclined plane. In the main structure of the conveyor belt type lower disc 3, the conveyor member 301 is rigidly connected below the lower baffle 307, the lower baffle 307 is hingedly connected with the top end of the lifting rod 303 through a pin shaft, and the bottom end of the lifting rod 303 is hingedly connected with the lower disc lower plate 315 through a pin shaft; the lower plate adjustable angle connecting slider 302 is installed in the lower plate sliding groove 305, the lower plate sliding groove 305 is fixed inside the lower disc lower plate 315 by bolts, the rear plate adjustable angle connecting slider 313 is installed in the rear plate sliding groove 314, and the rear plate sliding groove 314 is fixed inside the lower disc rear plate 318 by bolts; the conveyor member edge beam 317 is connected to the lateral edge of the internal support frame of the conveyor member 301 by welding; the fixed part of the telescopic baffle 304 is welded to the side edge of the upper cover plate 316, the sliding part is connected with the fixed part through a nested sliding type splicing structure, and the relative position is fixed by positioning bolts (manually adjusted to form a complete inclined plane); the side fixed plate 319 is welded to the two sides of the lower disc lower plate 315 and the lower disc rear plate 318; the output shaft of the motor 309 is connected with the planetary reducer 310, the output end of the planetary reducer 310 is connected with the transmission roller shaft of the conveyor member 301, and the tensioning device 311 is connected with the driven roller shaft of the conveyor member 301. The motor 309, the planetary reducer 310 and the tensioning device are all installed inside the conveyor member edge beam 317; the total control box 306 is connected with the motor 309 and the lifting rod 303 through lines; the control console 312 is connected with the total control box 306 through control lines through the control line reserved hole 308.

[0020] The gas bag hydrogen storage system 4 ( Figure 8) including air bag 401, air bag gas hose 402, balance box 403, air pump 404. The opening of the air bag 401 is connected with one end of the air bag gas hose 402 through the quick-connection stainless steel joint, the other end of the air bag gas hose 402 is connected with the balance box 403 after passing through the air bag gas hose reserved hole 203 on the experimental box 201, the balance box 403 is connected with the air pump 404; the connection between the air bag gas hose 402 and the air bag gas hose reserved hole 203 is provided with a sealing element. The specific placement method of the air bag 401 in the experimental box 201 is different according to the construction method of the simulated salt rock filling body 6: if the block stacking method is adopted, the air bag 401 is placed in the reserved cavity space formed by the similar material blocks during the process of stacking layer by layer; if the similar material pouring method is adopted, the air bag 401 is placed in the formed cavity after forming the storage cavity in the formed simulated salt rock filling body 6 by the "compaction and pulling method".

[0021] Horizontal jack 5 ( Figure 9 ) is fixed on the outside of the experimental box 201 through the support, and the output end is rigidly connected with the rear plate 318 of the lower plate after passing through the horizontal jack connecting hole 202. The push force is maintained or increased, and the conveyor belt is operated in the direction of reverse fault activation for simulating reverse fault activation; the push force is reduced, and the conveyor belt is operated in the direction of normal fault activation for simulating normal fault activation.

[0022] Simulated salt rock filling body 6 ( Figure 12 ) is filled in the area of the experimental box 201 except the conveyor belt type lower plate 3, the buffer cushion 7, the measurement system 8 and the air bag 401 by using the similar material prepared by barite powder, bentonite and 107 glue. The forming method is as follows: the block stacking method is to preform the material into standard blocks, and stack layer by layer from bottom to top in the box, ensuring close fit with the box wall and the lower plate contour; the similar material pouring method is to mix the material into a flowable state, and pour it layer by layer in the box, and after uniform compaction and vibration of each layer, curing and shaping.

[0023] Buffer cushion 7 ( Figure 11 ) is arranged between the lower plate 315 of the lower plate and the experimental box bottom plate 204.

[0024] Measurement system 8 ( Figure 7) including salt cave top layer strain gauges (4) 801, salt cave middle layer strain gauges (8) 802, salt cave bottom layer strain gauges (4) 803, salt cave waist soil pressure cells 804, salt cave bottom soil pressure cells (2) 805, fault strain gauges (9) 806, fault soil pressure cells 807. Salt cave top layer strain gauges 801, salt cave middle layer strain gauges 802 and salt cave bottom layer strain gauges 803 are respectively pasted on the top, center and bottom designated horizontal planes of the surface of the air bag 401 (for example, the top vertex of the air bag 401 downward 105mm horizontal plane, the air bag center horizontal plane, the air bag bottom vertex upward 105mm horizontal plane can be selected); the fault strain gauges 806 are pasted on the conveying belt surface of the conveying belt type lower disc 3 in a grid array of 3 rows and 3 columns, and the present application simulates the fault plane by using the conveying belt surface. The salt cave waist soil pressure cells 804 are vertically arranged at the side of the maximum diameter of the air bag 401, and the sensing surface faces the salt cave center. Two salt cave bottom soil pressure cells 805 are horizontally arranged at the bottom of the air bag 401 directly below and close to the fault side, and the sensing surface faces upward. The fault soil pressure cells 807 are arranged close to the simulated fault plane, and the sensing surface is perpendicular to the direction of the fault plane. In specific implementation, if the block stacking method is used, the soil pressure cells are directly embedded in the blocks; if the similar material pouring method is used, the soil pressure cells are installed in the preset position through the metal fixing seat; the strain gauges are directly pasted on the corresponding surface. All strain gauges and soil pressure cells are connected to the special junction box (not shown in the figure) through signal cables, and then connected to the external computer (not shown in the figure) through the junction box.

Claims

1. A composite loading salt cavern hydrogen storage normal and reverse fault activation simulation device based on a conveyor belt lower plate, comprising a multi-cylinder cooperative loading system (1), an experimental box (2), a conveyor belt lower plate (3), a gas bag hydrogen storage system (4), a horizontal jack (5), a simulated salt rock filling body (6), and a measurement system (8); wherein, The multi-cylinder cooperative loading system (1) comprises a top fixed plate (101) and a controllable hydraulic cylinder (102), and the controllable hydraulic cylinder (102) is fixedly connected between the top fixed plate (101) and the experimental box. The experimental box (2) comprises an experimental box body (201), and the experimental box body (201) is laterally provided with a horizontal jack connecting hole (202) and a gas bag gas conveying hose reserved hole (203). The conveyor belt lower plate (3) comprises a conveyor belt component (301), an upper cover plate (316), a lower baffle (307), a lower plate (315), a rear plate (318), a telescopic baffle (304), and a lifting rod (303). The lower plate (315) and the rear plate (318) are hingedly connected to each other, the fixed part of the telescopic baffle (304) is connected to the upper and lower ends of the upper cover plate (316), and the sliding part is connected to the fixed part through a nested sliding type splicing structure. The upper and lower parts of the conveyor belt component (301) are connected to the upper cover plate (316) and the lower baffle (307), respectively, the upper cover plate (316) is provided with a hole according to the size of the conveyor belt to expose the conveyor belt part on the inclined surface, the lower baffle (307) is hingedly connected to the top end of the lifting rod (303), the bottom end of the lifting rod (303) is hingedly connected to the lower plate (315), and the lifting rod (303) cooperates with the telescopic baffle (304) to adjust the opening angle between the lower plate (315) and the rear plate (318). The gas bag hydrogen storage system (4) comprises a gas bag (401), a gas bag gas conveying hose (402), a balance box (403), and a gas pump (404) in the experimental box body (201), and the gas bag (401) is connected to the balance box (403) and the gas pump (404) outside the experimental box body (201) through the gas bag gas conveying hose (402). The horizontal jack (5) is fixed to the outside of the experimental box body (201), and the output end is rigidly connected to the rear plate (318) after passing through the horizontal jack connecting hole (202). The simulated salt rock filling body (6) is filled in the upper part of the conveyor belt lower plate (3) in the experimental box body (201) together with the gas bag (401).

2. The compound loading salt cavern hydrogen storage normal reverse fault activation simulation device based on the belt type lower plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower plate (315) and the rear plate (318) are both provided with a sliding groove and a sliding block for adjusting the positional relationship between the two ends of the conveyor belt component (301) and the lower plate (315) and the rear plate (318).

3. The compound loading salt cavern hydrogen storage normal reverse fault activation simulation device based on the belt type lower plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gas bag hydrogen storage system (4) further comprises a gas bag gas conveying hose (402), a balance box (403), and a gas pump (404), and the gas bag (401) is connected to the balance box (403) and the gas pump (404) outside the experimental box body (201) through the gas bag gas conveying hose (402).

4. The belt-conveyer-based lower-slab composite loading salt cavern hydrogen storage normal-fault activation simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific placement of the gas bag (401) in the experimental box body (201) is determined according to the construction method of the simulated salt rock filling body (6).

5. The compound loading salt cavern hydrogen storage normal reverse fault activation simulation device based on the belt type lower plate according to claim 4, characterized in that, If the block stacking method is adopted, the air bag (401) is placed in the reserved cavity space formed by the similar material blocks during the stacking process.

6. The compound loading salt cavern hydrogen storage normal reverse fault activation simulation device based on the belt type lower plate according to claim 4, characterized in that, If the similar material pouring method is adopted, the storage cavity is first formed in the simulated salt rock filling body (6) by the "compaction pulling method", and then the air bag (401) is placed in the formed cavity.

7. The conveyor-belt-based lower plate composite loading salt cavern hydrogen storage normal and reverse fault activation simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, If the horizontal jack (5) maintains or increases the thrust, the conveyor belt runs in the direction of the reverse fault activation for simulating the reverse fault activation; if the horizontal jack (5) reduces the thrust, the conveyor belt runs in the direction of the normal fault activation for simulating the normal fault activation.

8. The conveyor-belt-based lower plate composite loading salt cavern hydrogen storage normal and reverse fault activation simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A buffer cushion (7) is further arranged between the lower plate (315) of the lower plate and the bottom plate (204) of the experimental box.

9. The conveyor-belt-based lower plate composite loading salt cavern hydrogen storage normal and reverse fault activation simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The controllable hydraulic cylinders (102) are fixedly connected in an array between the top fixed plate (101) and the experimental box; the hydraulic pipelines of all controllable hydraulic cylinders (102) are connected to the external hydraulic station.

10. The conveyor-belt-based lower plate composite loading salt cavern hydrogen storage normal and reverse fault activation simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The measurement system (8) includes a salt cave top layer strain gauge (801), a salt cave middle layer strain gauge (802), a salt cave bottom layer strain gauge (803), a salt cave waist soil pressure cell (804), a salt cave bottom soil pressure cell (805), a fault strain gauge (806) and a fault soil pressure cell (807); the salt cave top layer strain gauge (801), the salt cave middle layer strain gauge (802) and the salt cave bottom layer strain gauge (803) are respectively arranged on the top, center and bottom of the surface of the air bag (401); the fault strain gauge (806) is arranged in the form of a grid array on the surface of the conveyor belt of the conveyor belt type lower plate (3), i.e. the simulated fault surface; the salt cave waist soil pressure cell (804) is vertically arranged at the side of the maximum diameter of the air bag (401), and the sensing surface thereof faces the center of the salt cave; the two salt cave bottom soil pressure cells (805) are horizontally arranged at the bottom of the air bag (401) directly below and close to the fault side, and the sensing surfaces thereof face upward; the fault soil pressure cell (807) is arranged close to the simulated fault surface, and the sensing surface thereof is perpendicular to the direction of the simulated fault surface.

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