Investigation method, system, medium and equipment for near-platform tracking and monitoring of offshore oil and gas field

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of marine ecological early warning and monitoring, and discloses an investigation method, system, medium and equipment for offshore oil and gas field near-platform tracking and monitoring, and the method comprises the steps: collecting the emission information of a target platform, the hydro meteorological condition, and investigation data of oil and suspended matter background values; preliminarily judging the possible influence range and direction of the main pollutants in the target sea area; determining key elements according to the collected data to form a completed working scheme; collecting sample data of particle concentration and oil by taking the boundary of a safe operation area of a target platform as a criterion and adopting a mode of cooperative operation of an unmanned ship and a common investigation ship; evaluating quality conditions of seawater and sediments according to collected sample data, and comprehensively describing diffusion conditions of platform pollutants in horizontal and vertical directions according to tracking monitoring and evaluation results; and in combination with the influence range predicted by the project environmental assessment report, judging whether the pollutant emission accords with an environmental assessment prediction result or not. The method can evaluate the pollutant diffusion condition of the near-platform area.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of marine ecological early warning and monitoring technology, and in particular to a survey method, system, medium and equipment for near-platform tracking and monitoring of offshore oil and gas fields. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, there is a lack of systematic and standardized methods for assessing the impact of offshore oil and gas field pollutant discharges on the marine ecological environment. While both domestic and international practices have been implemented in oil and gas field ecological monitoring, and relevant guidelines and technical specifications have been issued, existing survey methods often involve large-scale station deployments and long station distances. This makes it impossible to target the small diffusion range and spindle-shaped distribution of pollutants discharged from offshore oil and gas fields. Furthermore, there are no clear regulations regarding monitoring methods within safe operating areas, resulting in an inability to accurately assess the scope and extent of the impact on the marine environment. Therefore, how to conduct safe and effective surveys in near-platform areas has become a significant challenge in the field of marine ecological early warning and monitoring. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned problems, the purpose of this invention is to provide a survey method, system, medium, and equipment for near-platform tracking and monitoring of offshore oil and gas fields, which can accurately and efficiently assess the diffusion of pollutants in near-platform areas of offshore oil and gas fields and their environmental impact.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, in a first aspect, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a survey method for near-platform tracking and monitoring of offshore oil and gas fields, comprising: comprehensively collecting survey data on emission information of the target platform, hydrological and meteorological conditions of the sea area, and background values ​​of oil and suspended matter; determining the pollutant emission plan; and preliminarily judging the potential scope and direction of the main pollutants affecting the target sea area; based on the collected data and the preliminarily judged scope and direction, determining key elements to form a complete work plan, the key elements including the key monitoring scope, station deployment, characteristic parameters, monitoring methods, and monitoring frequency; using the boundary of the target platform's safe operating area as a reference, adopting a collaborative operation mode of unmanned surface vessels (USVs) and ordinary survey vessels, using USVs equipped with laser particle size analyzers and automatic sampling equipment to collect sample data on particle concentration and oil within the safe operating area, and using ordinary survey vessels to collect samples outside the safe operating area; evaluating the quality of seawater and sediment based on the collected sample data, comprehensively describing the horizontal and vertical diffusion of platform pollutants based on the tracking monitoring and evaluation results; and determining whether the pollutant emissions conform to the environmental impact assessment prediction results in conjunction with the impact range predicted in the project's environmental impact assessment report.

[0005] Furthermore, the key monitoring area was determined by reducing the distance between adjacent survey stations on each monitoring section to 20-100 meters within a range of 0-500 meters from the platform, increasing the number of monitoring sections to more than six, and deploying them according to the principle of having more monitoring stations along the main flow and fewer monitoring stations along the upstream direction. Control stations were also set up at predetermined distances to the east, south, west, and north of the oil and gas field to comprehensively cover potentially affected areas. By defining the key monitoring area, the aim is to accurately study the diffusion of pollutants discharged into the sea and improve the representativeness of marine pollutant monitoring.

[0006] Furthermore, the determination of characteristic parameters includes: combining the characteristics of oil and gas field pollutants and covering multiple indicators to ensure that the monitoring data can comprehensively reflect changes in marine environmental quality; these multiple indicators include hydrology and water quality, marine organisms, and sediments.

[0007] Furthermore, the determination of the monitoring frequency includes setting up three monitoring stages: during emission, during the emission cessation process, and after emission cessation. Each monitoring session is completed within one high / low tide period to comprehensively understand the diffusion patterns and trends of pollutants during the emission process and after emission cessation, so as to fully grasp the entire process of pollutant diffusion.

[0008] Furthermore, the determination of monitoring methods includes: after emissions cease, selecting the central station along the main flow direction to conduct continuous monitoring of the emission cessation process, with no fewer than four continuous monitoring time points, and ensuring complete coverage of the entire pollutant diffusion process.

[0009] Furthermore, a collaborative operation mode combining unmanned surface vessels (USVs) and conventional survey vessels is adopted. Specifically, at least two vessels are used for the survey: one USV and one main survey vessel. The USV is responsible for sampling within the safe operating area radius, while the survey vessel is responsible for sampling outside the safe operating area radius and logistical support, thereby improving the safety of tracking and monitoring. The USV is equipped with a positioning system, power system, radio remote control equipment, a monitoring cable winch system, water quality sampling instruments, and water quality monitoring instruments. It can freely ascend and descend in the water using a laser particle size analyzer sensor and data cable, thus enhancing its monitoring capabilities.

[0010] Furthermore, for drill cuttings and drilling fluid discharged from the bottom layer, a sampling layer will be added at a distance of 5m from the bottom to improve the monitoring of the vertical distribution of pollutants; this is to adapt to the situation of bottom-layer discharge of pollutants from some platforms.

[0011] Secondly, the technical solution adopted by this invention is as follows: a survey system for near-platform tracking and monitoring of offshore oil and gas fields, comprising: a data collection module, which comprehensively collects survey data on emission information of the target platform, hydrological and meteorological conditions of the sea area, and background values ​​of oil and suspended matter, determines the pollutant emission plan, and preliminarily judges the possible scope and direction of the main pollutants in the target sea area; a scheme preparation module, which, based on the collected data and the preliminarily judged scope and direction, determines key elements to form a complete work plan, including key monitoring scope, station layout, characteristic parameters, monitoring methods, and monitoring frequency; a sample collection module, which, based on the boundary of the safe operating area of ​​the target platform, adopts a collaborative operation mode of unmanned surface vessels (USVs) and ordinary survey vessels, using USVs equipped with laser particle size analyzers and automatic sampling equipment to collect sample data on particle concentration and oil within the safe operating area, and using ordinary survey vessels to collect samples outside the safe operating area; and a result evaluation module, which evaluates the quality of seawater and sediments based on the collected sample data, comprehensively describes the horizontal and vertical diffusion of pollutants from the platform based on the tracking monitoring and evaluation results, and judges whether the pollutant emissions conform to the environmental impact assessment prediction results in conjunction with the impact range predicted in the project's environmental impact assessment report.

[0012] Thirdly, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a computer-readable storage medium for storing one or more programs, wherein the one or more programs include instructions, which, when executed by a computing device, cause the computing device to perform any of the methods described above.

[0013] Fourthly, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a computing device comprising: one or more processors, a memory, and one or more programs, wherein the one or more programs are stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the one or more processors, and the one or more programs include instructions for performing any of the methods described above.

[0014] The present invention has the following advantages due to the adoption of the above technical solutions: 1. The survey method for near-platform tracking and monitoring of offshore oil and gas fields of the present invention, based on the characteristics of the diffusion of pollutants discharged into the sea from offshore oil and gas fields, accurately delineates the monitoring area and optimizes the station layout, effectively improving the representativeness and accuracy of the monitoring results, and enabling a more reliable assessment of the actual scope and degree of the impact of pollutants on the marine environment.

[0015] 2. The survey method for near-platform tracking and monitoring of offshore oil and gas fields of the present invention innovatively adopts unmanned vessel sampling in the near-platform area, which greatly improves the flexibility and safety of sampling work, expands the monitoring range, and makes monitoring in high-risk areas such as sewage outlets directly below the platform a reality, filling the gap in previous monitoring work.

[0016] 3. This invention, by conducting systematic monitoring during, during, and after the emission process, and by continuously monitoring the main flow center station after the emission is stopped, comprehensively grasps the dynamic process of pollutant diffusion. This provides detailed data for a deeper understanding of the long-term impact of oil and gas field development activities on the marine ecological environment and helps to formulate effective environmental risk prevention and control measures in advance.

[0017] 4. This invention combines multiple monitoring methods and evaluation standards to comprehensively assess marine environmental quality from multiple dimensions, including physical, chemical, and biological aspects, ensuring the comprehensiveness and scientific validity of the evaluation results and providing strong technical support for the ecological environmental protection and sustainable development of offshore oil and gas fields. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the survey method for near-platform tracking and monitoring of offshore oil and gas fields in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the station layout in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To address the shortcomings of existing monitoring station deployment standards, which often involve large coverage areas and long station distances, making it difficult to target the small diffusion range and spindle-shaped distribution of pollutants discharged from offshore oil and gas fields, and lacking clear regulations on monitoring methods within safe operating areas, thus hindering accurate assessment of the scope and extent of their impact on the marine environment, this invention proposes a survey method, system, media, and equipment for near-platform tracking and monitoring of offshore oil and gas fields. Using an unmanned surface vessel equipped with a laser particle size analyzer and on-site sampling equipment, the impact of drill cuttings and drilling fluid discharges on the marine ecological environment is monitored, and the scope and extent of the impact are assessed. The survey method includes data collection, scheme development, sample collection, and result evaluation. This method can effectively track and assess the impact of offshore oil and gas field drilling and completion activities on the marine environment, providing a scientific basis for environmental protection and resource development.

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the described embodiments of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0022] In one embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 1 As shown, a survey method for near-platform tracking and monitoring of offshore oil and gas fields is provided, relating to the field of marine ecological early warning and monitoring technology. The aim is to accurately assess the impact of oil and gas field development activities on the surrounding marine ecological environment through scientific and systematic survey methods, providing a reliable basis for the coordinated development of marine environmental protection and resource development. In this embodiment, the method includes the following steps: 1) Collect comprehensive emission information of the target platform, hydrological and meteorological conditions of the sea area, and survey data on background values ​​of oil and suspended solids to determine the pollutant emission plan and make a preliminary judgment on the possible scope and direction of the main pollutants in the target sea area; Specifically, through data collection and personnel communication, we can obtain information on the emission of the target platform and the hydrological and meteorological conditions of the sea area where it is located, and make a preliminary judgment on the possible scope and direction of the impact of the main pollutants in the target sea area.

[0023] 2) Based on the collected data and the preliminary judgment of the scope and direction, determine the key elements to form a complete work plan. The key elements include the key monitoring scope, the station layout, characteristic parameters, monitoring methods and monitoring frequency.

[0024] 3) Based on the boundary of the target platform's safe operating area, adopt a collaborative operation mode of unmanned surface vessels (USVs) and ordinary survey vessels. Within the safe operating area, USVs equipped with laser particle size analyzers and automatic sampling equipment are used to collect sample data on particle concentration and oil. Outside the safe operating area, ordinary survey vessels are used for sampling.

[0025] 4) Evaluate the quality of seawater and sediment based on the collected sample data, and comprehensively describe the horizontal and vertical diffusion of pollutants on the platform based on the tracking monitoring and evaluation results; and determine whether the pollutant emissions are in line with the environmental impact assessment prediction results in conjunction with the impact range predicted in the project's environmental impact assessment report. If they are not in line with the prediction results, further analyze the reasons.

[0026] In step 1) above, it is necessary to collect hydrological and meteorological data such as the mainstream direction of the surveyed sea area and background values ​​of oil and suspended matter in the surveyed sea area by reviewing environmental impact assessment reports, previous tracking and monitoring reports, etc., for the purpose of developing a monitoring plan.

[0027] In this embodiment, it is necessary to communicate with the platform personnel in advance to determine the pollutant discharge time and the shutdown time, and report the vessel number to the platform in advance.

[0028] In step 2) above, the determination of the key monitoring area includes: within 0m to 500m from the platform, the distance between adjacent survey stations on each monitoring section is reduced to 20 to 100m, increasing the number of monitoring sections to more than 6, and deploying them according to the principle of more monitoring stations in the mainstream direction and fewer monitoring stations in the upstream direction. Simultaneously, control stations are set up at preset distances to the east, south, west, and north of the oil and gas field to fully cover the potentially affected area; by conducting marine sediment and marine life monitoring at the mainstream central station and control stations, the representativeness of the monitoring results is improved. In this embodiment, the preset distance is 5000m.

[0029] In this embodiment, the survey stations are arranged according to the principles of comprehensive coverage, close proximity and sparse distance, and key representation. There are no fewer than 6 survey sections and no fewer than 3 stations in each survey section. There are more monitoring stations in the mainstream direction and fewer monitoring stations in the upstream direction. The spacing between sections can be adjusted according to the actual emission situation.

[0030] In step 2) above, the determination of characteristic parameters includes: closely combining the characteristics of oil and gas field pollutants and covering multiple indicators to ensure that the monitoring data can comprehensively reflect changes in marine environmental quality; multiple indicators include hydrology and water quality, marine organisms and sediments, etc.

[0031] In this embodiment, characteristic parameters are selected specifically according to the different pollutants generated by oil and gas fields. Among them, the flow velocity, flow direction, suspended solids, turbidity, and oil in hydrology and water quality; phytoplankton, zooplankton, and macrobenthic organisms in marine organisms; and the particle size of sediments are mandatory parameters.

[0032] In step 2) above, the determination of the monitoring frequency includes setting up three monitoring stages: during the discharge, during the discharge cessation process, and after the discharge cessation. Each monitoring session is completed within one high / low tide period to fully understand the diffusion patterns and trends of pollutants during the discharge process and after the discharge cessation, providing sufficient data support for accurately assessing their long-term impact on the marine environment.

[0033] In step 2) above, if Figure 2 As shown, the determination of the monitoring method includes: after the emission stops, selecting the central station along the main stream to carry out continuous monitoring of the emission cessation process. The continuous monitoring time nodes should be no less than 4, and should be able to fully cover the entire process of pollutant diffusion. This will help to understand in detail the attenuation and diffusion process of pollutants after emission cessation, and provide key basis for predicting and assessing its long-term environmental impact.

[0034] In this embodiment, specifically, a complete ecological tracking monitoring should include three stages: monitoring during emission, continuous monitoring during the cessation of emission, and monitoring after the cessation of emission. Monitoring of all stations should be carried out during the two time periods of emission and after the cessation of emission, and each monitoring session should preferably be completed within one high / low tide. After the emission stops, continuous monitoring of the cessation of emission should be carried out at the station in the center of the main current, with no fewer than four continuous monitoring time points, covering the entire process of pollutant diffusion, and each monitoring session should preferably be completed within one high / low tide.

[0035] In step 3) above, a collaborative operation mode of unmanned surface vessels (USVs) and conventional survey vessels is adopted. Specifically, the survey uses no fewer than two vessels, including one USV and one main survey vessel. The USV is responsible for sampling within the safe operating area radius, equipped with a laser particle size analyzer and automatic sampling equipment to accurately obtain sample data such as particle concentration and oil content. The survey vessel is responsible for sampling outside the safe operating area radius and logistical support. For example, if the remote control distance of the USV is ≤500 meters, making long-distance operation from the survey vessel impossible, it is advisable to add one speedboat to provide close-range assistance on-site for USV deployment and recovery, emergency troubleshooting, etc.

[0036] The unmanned surface vessel (USV) is equipped with a positioning system, a power system, radio remote control equipment, a monitoring cable winch system, water quality sampling instruments, and water quality monitoring instruments. It can freely ascend and descend in the water, enabling efficient sampling and monitoring tasks and providing strong support for obtaining high-quality monitoring data. This ensures stable operation and sampling accuracy in complex marine environments. Specifically, in this embodiment, the USV's endurance should be greater than 3 hours; the power system must not pollute the water body or affect the water quality sampling and monitoring results; the total water sample volume should be no less than 2L, and the sampling depth accuracy should be controlled within ±0.1m.

[0037] In this embodiment, for drill cuttings and drilling fluid discharged from the bottom layer, a sampling layer is added at a depth of 5m from the bottom to improve the monitoring of the vertical distribution of pollutants. The sampling layer is determined according to GB 17378.3.

[0038] This embodiment can more accurately obtain the vertical distribution of pollutants in water bodies, taking into account the characteristics of different discharge methods, and improve the assessment of the range and extent of pollutant diffusion. Simultaneously, the survey scope and station layout are adjusted in real time based on the on-site suspended solids monitoring results, ensuring that the monitoring work can dynamically adapt to the pollutant diffusion situation, improving monitoring efficiency and data quality. Before monitoring, detailed parameters such as the discharge rate of drill cuttings and drilling fluid, start and end times, and coordinates of the discharge point are recorded to provide auxiliary basis for subsequent data analysis. Multiple methods are used to simultaneously monitor suspended solids, enhancing the reliability of the monitoring results.

[0039] Specifically, the survey scope and station layout should be adjusted in real time based on the on-site suspended matter monitoring results. If the suspended matter concentration distribution within the monitoring range is significantly higher than the background value, the monitoring range should be expanded until the suspended matter concentration is lower than or equal to the background value. If no significant increase in suspended matter concentration is detected within the monitoring range, or if the suspended matter diffusion field is not obvious, it is necessary to determine on-site whether more frequent observations are needed.

[0040] Specifically, multiple methods should be used simultaneously for suspended solids monitoring to ensure the accuracy of the monitoring results, including but not limited to gravimetric method, on-site laser particle size analyzer method, and multi-parameter water quality analyzer method.

[0041] In step 4) above, the seawater quality assessment adopts GB 3097, and the single standard index method is used to evaluate the quality status of seawater and sediments.

[0042] In step 4) above, sediment evaluation adopts GB / T 18668 and the evaluation adopts the single standard index method; marine organisms are evaluated using diversity index, evenness index and abundance index.

[0043] In step 4) above, the monitoring report should focus on the distribution and diffusion of characteristic parameters closely related to drill cuttings and drilling fluid emissions, such as suspended solids, oil, and turbidity. Based on the tracking monitoring and evaluation results, the report should comprehensively describe the diffusion of drill cuttings and drilling fluid in the horizontal and vertical directions. In conjunction with the impact range predicted in the project's environmental impact assessment report, the report should determine whether the emissions of drill cuttings and drilling fluid conform to the environmental impact assessment prediction results. If they do not conform, further analysis of the reasons is required to accurately determine the diffusion range of pollutants.

[0044] In one embodiment of the present invention, a survey system for near-platform tracking and monitoring of offshore oil and gas fields is provided, comprising: The data collection module comprehensively collects emission information of the target platform, hydrological and meteorological conditions of the sea area, and survey data on background values ​​of oil and suspended solids, determines pollutant emission plans, and makes a preliminary judgment on the possible scope and direction of the impact of major pollutants in the target sea area. The plan development module, based on the collected data and the preliminary assessment of the scope and direction, determines the key elements to form a complete work plan. The key elements include the key monitoring scope, station layout, characteristic parameters, monitoring methods, and monitoring frequency. The sample collection module, based on the boundary of the target platform's safe operating area, adopts a collaborative operation mode of unmanned surface vessels (USVs) and ordinary survey vessels. Within the safe operating area, USVs equipped with laser particle size analyzers and automatic sampling equipment are used to collect sample data on particle concentration and oil. Outside the safe operating area, ordinary survey vessels are used for sampling. The results evaluation module assesses the quality of seawater and sediments based on collected sample data, comprehensively describes the horizontal and vertical diffusion of pollutants from the platform based on tracking monitoring and evaluation results, and determines whether pollutant emissions conform to the environmental impact assessment prediction results in conjunction with the impact range predicted in the project's environmental impact assessment report. If not, the reasons are further analyzed.

[0045] In the above embodiments, the determination of the key monitoring range includes: within 0m to 500m from the platform, the distance between adjacent survey stations on each monitoring section is reduced to 20 to 100m, the number of monitoring sections is increased to more than 6, and the monitoring stations are deployed according to the principle of more monitoring stations in the mainstream direction and fewer monitoring stations in the upstream direction. At the same time, control stations are set at preset distances to the east, south, west and north of the oil and gas field to fully cover the potentially affected areas.

[0046] In the above embodiments, the determination of characteristic parameters includes: combining the characteristics of oil and gas field pollutants and covering multiple indicators to ensure that the monitoring data can comprehensively reflect changes in marine environmental quality; the multiple indicators include hydrology and water quality, marine organisms and sediments.

[0047] In the above embodiments, the determination of the monitoring frequency includes setting three monitoring stages: during the discharge, during the discharge cessation process, and after the discharge cessation. Each monitoring session is completed within one high / low tide, so as to fully grasp the diffusion patterns and trends of pollutants during the discharge process and after the discharge cessation, and provide sufficient data support for accurately assessing their long-term impact on the marine environment.

[0048] In the above embodiments, the determination of the monitoring method includes: after the emission stops, selecting the central station along the main flow to carry out continuous monitoring of the emission cessation process. The continuous monitoring time nodes should be no less than 4, and should be able to fully cover the entire process of pollutant diffusion. This helps to understand in detail the attenuation and diffusion process of pollutants after emission cessation, and provides key basis for predicting and assessing its long-term environmental impact.

[0049] In the above embodiments, a collaborative operation mode of unmanned surface vessels and ordinary survey vessels is adopted. Specifically, no fewer than two vessels are used for the survey, including one unmanned surface vessel and one main survey vessel. The unmanned surface vessel is responsible for sampling within the radius of the safe operating area, while the survey vessel is responsible for sampling outside the radius of the safe operating area and logistical support.

[0050] Among them, the unmanned vessel is equipped with a positioning system, a power system, a radio remote control equipment, a monitoring cable winch system, water quality sampling instruments, and water quality monitoring instruments. It can realize the free rise and fall of the laser particle size analyzer sensor and data cable in the water body, and can efficiently complete sampling and monitoring tasks, providing a strong guarantee for obtaining high-quality monitoring data.

[0051] In the above embodiments, for the drill cuttings and drilling fluid discharged from the bottom layer, a sampling layer is added at 5m from the bottom to improve the monitoring of the vertical distribution of pollutants.

[0052] The system provided in this embodiment is used to execute the above-described method embodiments. For specific processes and details, please refer to the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0053] In one embodiment of the present invention, a computing device is provided. This computing device can be a terminal and may include a processor, a communication interface, memory, a display screen, and an input device. The processor, communication interface, and memory communicate with each other via a communication bus. The processor provides computing and control capabilities. The memory includes a non-volatile storage medium and internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system and computer programs. When the computer programs are executed by the processor, they implement the methods described in the above embodiments. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and computer programs in the non-volatile storage medium. The communication interface is used for wired or wireless communication with external terminals. Wireless communication can be achieved through Wi-Fi, a management network, NFC (Near Field Communication), or other technologies. The display screen can be a liquid crystal display (LCD) or an e-ink display. The input device can be a touch layer covering the display screen, or buttons, a trackball, or a touchpad mounted on the casing of the computing device, or an external keyboard, touchpad, or mouse. The processor can call logical instructions stored in the memory.

[0054] Furthermore, the logical instructions in the aforementioned memory can be implemented as software functional units and sold or used as independent products, and can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0055] In one embodiment of the present invention, a computer program product is provided, the computer program product including a computer program stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, the computer program including program instructions, and when the program instructions are executed by a computer, the computer is able to perform the methods provided in the above-described method embodiments.

[0056] In one embodiment of the present invention, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium is provided, which stores server instructions that cause a computer to perform the methods provided in the above embodiments.

[0057] The computer-readable storage medium provided in the above embodiments has a similar implementation principle and technical effect to the above method embodiments, and will not be described again here.

[0058] This invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0059] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0060] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0061] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A survey method for near-platform tracking and monitoring in offshore oil and gas fields, characterized in that, include: Comprehensively collect emission information of the target platform, hydrological and meteorological conditions of the sea area, and survey data on background values ​​of oil and suspended solids, determine the pollutant emission plan, and make a preliminary judgment on the possible scope and direction of the impact of the main pollutants in the target sea area; Based on the collected data and the preliminary assessment of the scope and direction, key elements are determined to form a complete work plan. Key elements include the key monitoring scope, station layout, characteristic parameters, monitoring methods, and monitoring frequency. Based on the boundary of the target platform's safe operating area, a collaborative operation mode of unmanned surface vessels (USVs) and ordinary survey vessels is adopted. Within the safe operating area, USVs equipped with laser particle size analyzers and automatic sampling equipment are used to collect sample data on particle concentration and oil. Outside the safe operating area, ordinary survey vessels are used for sampling. The quality of seawater and sediments is evaluated based on the collected sample data. Based on the tracking and evaluation results, the horizontal and vertical diffusion of pollutants from the platform is comprehensively described. In conjunction with the impact range predicted in the project's environmental impact assessment report, it is determined whether the pollutant emissions are in line with the environmental impact assessment prediction results.

2. The survey method for near-platform tracking and monitoring of offshore oil and gas fields as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of the key monitoring scope includes: within 0m to 500m from the platform, the distance between adjacent survey stations on each monitoring section is reduced to 20 to 100m, the number of monitoring sections is increased to more than 6, and the stations are deployed according to the principle of more monitoring stations in the mainstream direction and fewer monitoring stations in the upstream direction. At the same time, control stations are set up at preset distances to the east, south, west and north of the oil and gas field to fully cover the potentially affected areas.

3. The survey method for near-platform tracking and monitoring of offshore oil and gas fields as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of characteristic parameters includes: combining the characteristics of oil and gas field pollutants and covering multiple indicators to ensure that the monitoring data can comprehensively reflect changes in marine environmental quality; the multiple indicators include hydrology and water quality, marine organisms and sediments.

4. The survey method for near-platform tracking and monitoring of offshore oil and gas fields as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of the monitoring frequency includes setting up three monitoring stages: during emission, during the emission cessation process, and after emission cessation. Each monitoring session is completed within one high / low tide period to comprehensively understand the diffusion patterns and trends of pollutants during the emission process and after emission cessation.

5. The survey method for near-platform tracking and monitoring of offshore oil and gas fields as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of monitoring methods includes: after emissions cease, selecting the central station along the main flow to conduct continuous monitoring of the emission cessation process. The continuous monitoring time points should be no less than 4, and should be able to fully cover the entire process of pollutant diffusion.

6. The survey method for near-platform tracking and monitoring of offshore oil and gas fields as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The survey adopts a collaborative operation mode of unmanned surface vessels and ordinary survey vessels. Specifically, the survey uses no fewer than two vessels, including one unmanned surface vessel and one main survey vessel. The unmanned surface vessel is responsible for sampling within the safe operating area radius, while the survey vessel is responsible for sampling outside the safe operating area radius and logistical support. The unmanned vessel is equipped with a positioning system, a power system, radio remote control equipment, a monitoring cable winch system, water quality sampling instruments, and water quality monitoring instruments. It can enable the laser particle size analyzer sensor and data cable to move freely up and down in the water.

7. The survey method for near-platform tracking and monitoring of offshore oil and gas fields as described in claim 6, characterized in that, For drill cuttings and drilling fluid discharged from the bottom layer, an additional sampling layer will be added at a depth of 5m from the bottom to improve the monitoring of the vertical distribution of pollutants.

8. A survey system for near-platform tracking and monitoring in offshore oil and gas fields, characterized in that, include: The data collection module comprehensively collects emission information of the target platform, hydrological and meteorological conditions of the sea area, and survey data on background values ​​of oil and suspended solids, determines pollutant emission plans, and makes a preliminary judgment on the possible scope and direction of the impact of major pollutants in the target sea area. The plan development module, based on the collected data and the preliminary assessment of the scope and direction, determines the key elements to form a complete work plan. The key elements include the key monitoring scope, station layout, characteristic parameters, monitoring methods, and monitoring frequency. The sample collection module, based on the boundary of the target platform's safe operating area, adopts a collaborative operation mode of unmanned surface vessels (USVs) and ordinary survey vessels. Within the safe operating area, USVs equipped with laser particle size analyzers and automatic sampling equipment are used to collect sample data on particle concentration and oil. Outside the safe operating area, ordinary survey vessels are used for sampling. The results evaluation module evaluates the quality of seawater and sediments based on the collected sample data, comprehensively describes the horizontal and vertical diffusion of pollutants on the platform based on the tracking monitoring and evaluation results, and judges whether the pollutant emissions are in line with the environmental impact assessment prediction results in conjunction with the impact range predicted in the project's environmental impact assessment report.

9. A computer-readable storage medium for storing one or more programs, characterized in that, The one or more programs include instructions that, when executed by a computing device, cause the computing device to perform any of the methods described in claims 1 to 7.

10. A computing device, characterized in that, include: One or more processors, a memory, and one or more programs, wherein the one or more programs are stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the one or more processors, the one or more programs including instructions for performing any of the methods described in claims 1 to 7.

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