Antenna assembly, antenna and base station

Abstract

The invention provides an antenna assembly, an antenna and a base station, the antenna assembly comprises a radiation unit, a tuning sheet, a phase shifter, a feed member and a reflection plate, the radiation unit comprises a balun and a radiation arm supported on the balun, the balun is located on the tuning sheet, and the phase shifter is located on the radiation arm. The phase shifter comprises a cavity and a phase shifting circuit arranged in the cavity, the cavity comprises a top plate and a bottom plate which are opposite to each other, the bottom plate is located on the reflecting plate, the tuning piece is arranged above the top plate, the top plate and the tuning piece face each other to realize capacitive coupling, the feed piece penetrates through the top plate and the tuning piece, and the feed piece is arranged on the top plate. The phase shift circuit is electrically connected with the radiation arm through the feed member. According to the antenna assembly, the standing-wave ratio of the antenna assembly can be remarkably improved by regulating the capacitive coupling amount between the tuning piece and the top plate of the phase shifter cavity, meanwhile, the isolation degree between different polarizations of the radiation unit is enhanced, and mutual coupling interference is reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of mobile communication, and particularly relates to an antenna assembly, an antenna provided with the antenna assembly, and a base station provided with the antenna. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the field of mobile communication, a base station antenna, as a key device for signal transmission and reception, directly affects the quality and coverage of the communication network. At present, the existing base station antenna is mainly composed of a reflector plate, a radiation unit, and a feed network.

[0003] Among them, the traditional feed network plays an important role in connecting the radiation unit and the phase shifter in the base station antenna, and it usually uses coaxial cables as the connecting link. However, coaxial cables have the characteristic of high loss, which will cause a large energy attenuation of the signal in the transmission process, affecting the transmission quality and distance of the signal. On the other hand, these two connection methods are also accompanied by the problems of high cost and complex process, increasing the overall manufacturing cost and production difficulty of the base station antenna.

[0004] Under the background of the national promotion of the "double carbon" strategy, the industry actively explores effective ways to reduce carbon emissions and energy consumption. The use of coaxial cables requires the cavity of the phase shifter to be electroplated, and the electroplating process will produce a large amount of pollutants, causing serious environmental pollution problems, which is contrary to the current concept of green development.

[0005] In order to solve the many drawbacks of the traditional feed network, the industry has proposed a cable-free feed network technology, which mainly does not use coaxial cables to connect between the radiation unit and the phase shifter, thereby hoping to solve the problems faced by the traditional feed network.

[0006] The industry has proposed two main implementation ideas for cable-free feed networks: one is to integrate the reflector plate and the phase shifter, and the other is to integrate the radiation unit balun and the phase shifter. These two ideas have certain advantages. They not only achieve the purpose of cable-free and reduce various problems caused by the use of cables, but also realize the efficient combination of process and production, improve production efficiency, and thus reduce production cost.

[0007] However, the performance of the antenna depends not only on its structural innovation, but also on excellent circuit indicators (such as VSWR and isolation). The above two cable-free ideas have encountered bottlenecks in actual application. Since coaxial cables are abandoned, it is difficult to debug the circuit indicators, and the circuit indicators cannot be debugged efficiently.

[0008] Therefore, how to realize the advantages of cable-free feed networks while solving the problems of circuit indicator debugging and optimization has become a problem to be solved. SUMMARY

[0009] The primary object of the present application is to solve at least one of the above problems and provide an antenna assembly, an antenna and a base station.

[0010] To achieve the above objects, the present application adopts the following technical solutions: To achieve one of the objects of the present application, an antenna assembly is provided, comprising a radiating unit, a tuning sheet, a phase shifter, a feed and a reflector plate, the radiating unit comprising a balun and a radiating arm supported on the balun, the balun being seated on the tuning sheet, the phase shifter comprising a cavity and a phase shift circuit installed in the cavity, the cavity comprising opposite top and bottom plates, the bottom plate being seated on the reflector plate, the tuning sheet being disposed above the top plate and facing the top plate to achieve capacitive coupling, the feed penetrating the top plate and the tuning sheet, the phase shift circuit being electrically connected to the radiating arm through the feed.

[0011] In one embodiment, the reverse side of the tuning sheet faces the front side of the top plate, and the tuning sheet and the top plate are substantially the same in size and shape.

[0012] In one embodiment, a through hole or a notch is formed on the tuning sheet and / or the top plate to adjust the size of the capacitive coupling between the tuning sheet and the top plate.

[0013] In one embodiment, both sides of the top plate in the width direction extend outward along the width direction to form an extension respectively.

[0014] In one embodiment, the area between the two extensions of the top plate is hollowed out to form a window.

[0015] In one embodiment, both sides of the tuning sheet are respectively bent to form a first folded edge along the width direction of the cavity, and / or both sides of the tuning sheet in the longitudinal direction are respectively bent to form a second folded edge along the longitudinal direction of the cavity.

[0016] In one embodiment, a through hole or a notch is formed on the second folded edge to change the size and shape of the second folded edge.

[0017] In one embodiment, the second folded edge is in a T-shaped structure.

[0018] In one embodiment, the antenna assembly further comprises an insulating sheet disposed between the tuning sheet and the top plate, the insulating sheet being substantially the same in size and shape as the tuning sheet.

[0019] In one embodiment, the antenna assembly comprises a plurality of radiating elements and a plurality of tuning pieces, the plurality of radiating elements are respectively arranged corresponding to the plurality of tuning pieces, the plurality of radiating elements share the same phase shifter and the same reflector plate, and the plurality of radiating elements are sequentially arranged along the same axis.

[0020] In one embodiment, the plurality of tuning pieces are connected to form an integral structure.

[0021] To adapt to one of the purposes of the present application, an antenna is provided, comprising a plurality of antenna assemblies as described in the previous purpose, the plurality of antenna assemblies are arranged side by side, so that the radiating elements on each of the plurality of antenna assemblies form a radiating array, and the plurality of antenna assemblies share the same reflector plate.

[0022] To adapt to one of the purposes of the present application, a base station is provided, comprising an antenna as described in the previous purpose.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present application has many advantages, including but not limited to: The radiating elements of the antenna assembly of the present application are arranged on the tuning pieces, and the tuning pieces are located above the top plate of the phase shifter, and the tuning pieces and the top plate are capacitively coupled. The cavity of the phase shifter is located on the reflector plate to realize grounding, so that the radiating elements can smoothly realize grounding through the path of the tuning piece, the cavity and the reflector plate. Good grounding is essential for the antenna assembly, which can effectively reduce signal interference and improve the stability and reliability of the antenna.

[0024] The tuning pieces and the top plate of the phase shifter form a capacitive coupling relationship, and by changing the size of the capacitive coupling, the standing wave ratio and the isolation of the antenna assembly can be flexibly adjusted. In actual application, different communication scenarios have different requirements for the standing wave ratio and the isolation of the antenna. For example, in a complex electromagnetic environment, a lower antenna standing wave ratio is needed to reduce signal reflection and improve signal transmission efficiency; at the same time, a higher isolation can effectively avoid mutual interference between different polarizations or antennas. By using the adjustment function of capacitive coupling, the antenna can adapt to different working requirements, greatly improving the versatility and practicality of the antenna assembly.

[0025] The radiating unit of the antenna assembly of the present application is electrically connected with the phase-shifting circuit of the phase shifter through the feed piece, and the feed piece is arranged through the tuning sheet and the top plate, so that the antenna assembly does not need to additionally configure a coaxial cable. The coaxial cable is commonly used for signal transmission in a traditional antenna assembly, but it has some disadvantages, such as the introduction of the coaxial cable increases the loss in the signal transmission process, affects the electrical performance of the antenna, and at the same time, the production and processing process of the coaxial cable may cause certain pollution to the environment. The antenna assembly of the present application uses the feed piece, reduces the loss in the signal transmission path, optimizes the electrical performance, and enables the antenna to more efficiently transmit signals. In addition, the use of the coaxial cable also conforms to the concept of green environmental protection, reduces the impact on the environment, and realizes the win-win of economic benefits and environmental benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0026] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and more readily appreciated from the following description, taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which: Figure 1 A structure schematic view of an antenna assembly (without showing a reflecting plate) of an embodiment of the present application.

[0027] Figure 2 A side view schematic view of an antenna assembly of an embodiment of the present application.

[0028] Figure 3 An exploded schematic view of an antenna assembly of an embodiment of the present application.

[0029] Figure 4 A structure schematic view of an antenna assembly (without showing a reflecting plate) of an embodiment of the present application.

[0030] Figure 5 A structure schematic view of an antenna assembly (without showing a reflecting plate) of another embodiment of the present application.

[0031] Figure 6 An exploded schematic view of an antenna assembly (without showing a reflecting plate) of still another embodiment of the present application.

[0032] Figure 7 A structure schematic view of an antenna of an embodiment of the present application.

[0033] Figure 8 A side view schematic view of an antenna of an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] Embodiments of the present application are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by reference to the drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present application and cannot be interpreted as a limitation of the present application.

[0035] As will be understood by one of skill in the art, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. It should be further understood that the terms "comprise," "comprises," "comprising," "include," "includes," and "including" when used in this specification and in the following claims are taken to specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof. It should be understood that when we refer to one element being "connected" or "coupled" to another element, it can be directly connected or coupled to the other element or intervening elements can also be present. In addition, the use of "connection" or "coupling" herein also includes wireless connection or wireless coupling. As used herein, the term "and / or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0036] As will be understood by one of skill in the art, all terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains, unless otherwise defined. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.

[0037] The present application provides an antenna assembly, wherein a radiating element of the antenna assembly is disposed on a tuning plate; the tuning plate is located above a top plate of a phase shifter, and a coupling relationship is formed between the tuning plate and the top plate of the phase shifter, which facilitates adjustment of the standing wave ratio and isolation of the antenna assembly. In addition, the radiating element is electrically connected to a phase shifting circuit of the phase shifter through a feed, which is threaded through the tuning plate and the top plate, so that the antenna assembly does not need to be additionally configured with a coaxial cable, thereby optimizing its electrical performance and achieving the effect of green environmental protection.

[0038] In typical embodiments of the present application, in combination Figures 1 to 3 The antenna assembly 10 includes a radiating element 100, a tuning plate 200, a phase shifter 300, a feed 400, and a reflector plate 500.

[0039] The radiation unit 100 comprises a radiation arm 110, a balun 120 and a feeding core 130. The radiation arm 110 is arranged on the balun 120, and the balun 120 supports the radiation arm 110. The feeding core 130 is used for receiving external current, and the feeding core 130 is electrically connected with the radiation arm 110, so that the feeding core 130 can feed the radiation arm 110.

[0040] The phase shifter 300 comprises a cavity 310 and a phase shift circuit 320. The phase shift circuit 320 is arranged inside the cavity 310, and the phase shift circuit 320 is used for phase shifting the signal fed therein. The cavity 310 is surrounded by a plurality of side plates, including a top plate 311 and a bottom plate 312, and the top plate 311 and the bottom plate 312 are oppositely arranged. In this embodiment, the phase shift circuit 320 is recommended to be integrated on a circuit board, but should not be understood as a limitation of the present application.

[0041] In combination Figure 2 The phase shifter 300 is arranged on the front surface 510 of the reflector plate 500, specifically, the bottom plate 312 of the cavity 310 of the phase shifter 300 is located on the front surface 510 of the reflector plate 500, and the bottom plate 312 is electrically connected with the reflector plate 500, so that the cavity 310 is grounded through the reflector plate 500.

[0042] In combination Figures 1 to 3 In the vertical direction of the radiation unit 100, the tuning sheet 200 is located above the front surface 3111 of the top plate 311. The front surface 3111 of the top plate 311 and the front surface 510 of the reflector plate 500 are oriented in the same direction, and the tuning sheet 200 is arranged in a spaced manner between the front surface 3111 of the top plate 311, so that the tuning sheet 200 and the top plate 311 form a capacitive coupling.

[0043] In this embodiment, the antenna assembly 10 further comprises a fixing member 600 made of a dielectric material. The fixing member 600 is used for fixing the tuning sheet 200 and the top plate 311, ensuring that the tuning sheet 200 and the top plate 311 are always arranged in a spaced manner, thereby maintaining the capacitive coupling between the tuning sheet 200 and the top plate 311. In this embodiment, it is recommended to use plastic screws or bolts as the fixing member 600, and the tuning sheet 200 and the top plate 311 are stably connected through the threaded connection of the plastic screws or bolts, so that the structural stability of the antenna assembly 10 can be ensured, and the electrical performance will not be adversely affected.

[0044] In another embodiment, in combination Figures 1 to 3The antenna assembly 10 is further provided with an insulating sheet 700 arranged between the tuning sheet 200 and the top plate 311. The isolation of the insulating sheet 700 can avoid the direct physical connection between the tuning sheet 200 and the top plate 311, thereby ensuring the capacitive coupling state between the tuning sheet 200 and the top plate 311.

[0045] In the typical embodiment of the present application, in combination with Figures 1 to 3 The tuning sheet 200 is arranged opposite to the front surface 3111 of the top plate 311, and the front surface 210 of the tuning sheet 200 is consistent with the front surface 3111 of the top plate 311. The radiation unit 100 is arranged on the front surface 210 of the tuning sheet 200, specifically, the balun 120 of the radiation unit 100 is fixedly arranged on the front surface 210 of the tuning sheet 200, and the balun 120 is grounded through the tuning sheet 200. In other words, since the capacitive coupling is formed between the tuning sheet 200 and the top plate 311 of the cavity 310, and the bottom plate 312 of the cavity 310 is in a grounded connection state with the reflecting plate 500, the radiation unit 100 can be grounded through the tuning sheet 200.

[0046] In the embodiment, a through hole (referred to as a first plug hole, not shown) is formed on the top plate 311 of the cavity 310, and a through hole (referred to as a second plug hole, not shown) is also formed on the tuning sheet 200, and the first plug hole and the second plug hole are arranged in correspondence. The feed member 400 passes through the first plug hole and the second plug hole in sequence, so that one end of the feed member 400 can extend into the cavity 310 and be electrically connected with the phase shift circuit 320, and the other end of the feed member 400 is electrically connected with the feed core 130 of the radiation unit 100. The phase shift circuit 320 can feed the feed core 130 through the feed member 400, so that the feed core 130 feeds the corresponding radiation arm 110, so that the radiation arm 110 is excited to radiate signals.

[0047] Since the antenna assembly 10 uses the feed member 400 to electrically connect the radiation unit 100 and the phase shift circuit 320, a coaxial cable is not needed to connect the two, so that the cavity 310 does not need to be electroplated, thereby avoiding the pollution caused by the electroplating process to the environment, and reducing the production cost. Moreover, since the coaxial cable is not needed, the radiation performance of the antenna assembly 10 can be optimized.

[0048] In one embodiment, if the antenna assembly 10 is provided with the insulating sheet 700 as described above, a through hole (referred to as a third insertion hole, not shown) is also formed in the insulating sheet 700. The third insertion hole corresponds to the first insertion hole and the second insertion hole respectively, and the feed member 400 also passes through the third insertion hole.

[0049] In one embodiment, the feed member 400 is in the form of a metal rod, and the two ends of the metal rod are electrically connected to the phase shift circuit 320 and the feed core 130 respectively. The phase shifter 300 can feed the corresponding radiation unit 100 through the metal rod.

[0050] In another embodiment, the feed member 400 is a circuit board, and the circuit board is provided with a feed circuit, and the two ends of the feed circuit are electrically connected to the phase shift circuit 320 and the feed core 130 respectively, so that the phase shift circuit 320 feeds the corresponding radiation unit 100 through the feed circuit.

[0051] In a typical embodiment of the present application, in combination Figures 1 to 3 The balun 120 of the radiation unit 100 is fixedly arranged on the front surface 210 of the tuning sheet 200. The tuning sheet 200 and the top plate 311 of the cavity 310 form a capacitive coupling relationship, and the bottom plate 312 of the cavity 310 is stably arranged on the reflecting plate 500, so that the radiation unit 100 can be electrically connected to the reflecting plate 500 through the tuning sheet 200 and the cavity 310, thereby achieving the purpose of grounding through the reflecting plate 500.

[0052] The tuning sheet 200 and the top plate 311 are arranged in opposite and facing relationship, thereby achieving capacitive coupling between them. In the projection direction along the front surface 510 of the reflecting plate 500, the projection of the tuning sheet 200 coincides with or partially overlaps with the projection of the top plate 311. This projection relationship helps the tuning sheet 200 and the top plate 311 to more effectively achieve capacitive coupling.

[0053] In the embodiment, the amount of capacitive coupling between the tuning sheet 200 and the top plate 311 can be adjusted to control the VSWR and isolation of the antenna assembly 10. Specifically, the amount of capacitive coupling between the tuning sheet 200 and the top plate 311 can be adjusted by controlling the coupling area between the tuning sheet 200 and the top plate 311. The adjustment can be achieved by, but not limited to, controlling the coupling area of the tuning sheet 200 alone, controlling the coupling area of the top plate 311 alone, or controlling the coupling area of the tuning sheet 200 and the top plate 311 simultaneously. By combining any one or more of the above-mentioned adjustment methods, the amount of capacitive coupling between the tuning sheet 200 and the top plate 311 can be flexibly adjusted, thereby effectively controlling the VSWR and isolation of the antenna assembly 10.

[0054] When there is a need to increase the amount of capacitive coupling between the tuning sheet 200 and the top plate 311, the following exemplary embodiments can be used to achieve the purpose, but it should be noted that these embodiments should not be regarded as limiting the scope of protection of the present application.

[0055] In the first embodiment, the coupling area of the tuning sheet 200 can be increased by extending the tuning sheet 200 in the width direction of the top plate 311. Figures 1 to 3 Specifically, the edge of one side of the tuning sheet 200 in the width direction of the top plate 311 is extended in the width direction to form an extension part 2002. By extending the tuning sheet 200 in the width direction of the top plate 311, the coupling area of the tuning sheet 200 can be effectively increased, thereby increasing the amount of capacitive coupling between the tuning sheet 200 and the top plate 311.

[0056] When there is a need to reduce the amount of capacitive coupling between the tuning sheet 200 and the top plate 311, the following exemplary embodiments can be used to achieve the purpose, but it should be noted that these embodiments should not be regarded as limiting the scope of protection of the present application.

[0057] In the second embodiment, at least one of the following two methods can be used to reduce the coupling area of the tuning sheet 200, thereby reducing the amount of capacitive coupling between the tuning sheet 200 and the top plate 311: Method one: the coupling area of the tuning sheet 200 can be reduced by extending the top plate 311 in the width direction of the tuning sheet 200. Figure 4 Method two: the coupling area of the tuning sheet 200 can be reduced by opening a through hole (referred to as a first decoupling hole 240) in the tuning sheet 200. Figure 5 By opening the first decoupling hole 240, the effective area of the tuning sheet 200 participating in capacitive coupling is reduced, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the amount of capacitive coupling.

[0058] The second way is to open a notch (referred to as a first decoupling notch, not shown) at the edge of the tuning sheet 200. The first decoupling notch is used to reduce the coupling area at the edge of the tuning sheet 200, so as to reduce the capacitive coupling between the tuning sheet 200 and the top plate 311.

[0059] In the present embodiment, the skilled person in the art can set the area of the first decoupling hole 240 and the area of the first decoupling notch according to actual needs after understanding the technical solutions of the present application, so as to control the size of the capacitive coupling between the top plate 311 and the tuning sheet 200.

[0060] In the third embodiment, at least one of the following two ways can also be used to reduce the coupling area of the top plate 311, so as to reduce the capacitive coupling between the tuning sheet 200 and the top plate 311: The first way is to open a through hole (referred to as a second decoupling hole, not shown) on the top plate 311. By opening the second decoupling hole, the effective area of the top plate 311 participating in capacitive coupling is reduced, so as to reduce the capacitive coupling.

[0061] The second way is to open a notch (referred to as a second decoupling notch, not shown) at the edge of the top plate 311. The second decoupling notch is used to reduce the coupling area at the edge of the top plate 311, so as to reduce the capacitive coupling between the tuning sheet 200 and the top plate 311.

[0062] In the present embodiment, the skilled person in the art can set the area of the second decoupling hole and the area of the second decoupling notch according to actual needs after understanding the technical solutions of the present application, so as to control the size of the capacitive coupling between the top plate 311 and the tuning sheet 200.

[0063] In the fourth embodiment, the second embodiment and the third embodiment described above are combined for implementation. Specifically, the measures of reducing the coupling area of the tuning sheet 200 and reducing the coupling area of the top plate 311 are taken at the same time, so as to effectively control the size of the capacitive coupling between the tuning sheet 200 and the top plate 311.

[0064] It can be clearly seen that in the specific implementation, at least one of the first decoupling hole 240 and the first decoupling notch can be provided on the tuning sheet 200; at the same time, at least one of the second decoupling hole and the second decoupling notch can be provided on the top plate 311. By simultaneously regulating the coupling area of the tuning sheet 200 and the coupling area of the top plate 311, the size of the capacitive coupling between the top plate 311 and the tuning sheet 200 is controlled.

[0065] In the fifth embodiment, the first embodiment and the third embodiment are combined. Specifically, the first embodiment is combined with the third embodiment Figure 6 The top plate 311 is provided with two extension portions 3112 on both sides in the width direction, and the region between the two extension portions 3112 is hollowed out to form an opening 3113. The opening 3113 eliminates the need for a first plug-in hole in the top plate 311, facilitating the arrangement of the feed element 400.

[0066] The tuning sheet 200 is supported on the two extension portions 3112, and the two extension portions 3112 are capacitively coupled to the tuning sheet 200, thereby greatly reducing the actual area of the top plate 311 and effectively reducing the amount of capacitive coupling between the top plate 311 and the tuning sheet 200.

[0067] In the typical embodiments of the present application, the technical solutions provided by the first to fifth embodiments are used in combination to flexibly control the amount of capacitive coupling between the top plate 311 and the tuning sheet 200, thereby achieving precise control of the VSWR and isolation of the antenna assembly 10.

[0068] VSWR is used to measure the degree of impedance matching between the antenna and the feed network. In an antenna system, the antenna plays an important role in signal transmission and reception terminals. To achieve efficient signal transmission, the input impedance of the antenna must be strictly matched with the characteristic impedance of the feed network. When the antenna input impedance and the feed network characteristic impedance are completely matched (i.e., their values are equal), the signal energy can be completely absorbed by the antenna and radiated to the external space. In this ideal case, no reflected wave is generated on the feed line, and the VSWR value is ideally 1. However, in actual engineering applications, it is extremely difficult to achieve complete impedance matching between the antenna and the feed network due to the combined effects of material properties, manufacturing processes, and environmental factors, so the actual measured VSWR is usually greater than 1.

[0069] In the present application, the amount of capacitive coupling between the tuning sheet 200 and the top plate 311 is closely related to the VSWR. Generally, as the amount of capacitive coupling between the tuning sheet 200 and the top plate 311 increases, the degree of impedance matching between the antenna and the feed network decreases, but this change helps to optimize the radiation performance of the antenna assembly 10.

[0070] It should be particularly noted that the amount of capacitive coupling between the tuning sheet 200 and the top plate 311 should not be increased indefinitely. If the coupling amount is too large, over-coupling phenomenon is easily induced. Once over-coupling occurs, the equivalent impedance of the system will change abnormally, deviating from the optimal impedance matching point, thereby causing impedance mismatch and ultimately increasing the VSWR.

[0071] To effectively avoid the impedance mismatch problem caused by over-coupling, the coupling amount between the tuning sheet 200 and the top plate 311 can be reduced by using any one or more of the technical solutions described in the second to fifth embodiments above. In this way, the equivalent impedance of the system can be changed gently, and it is easier to adjust it to a state of matching the characteristic impedance of the feed network.

[0072] After fully understanding the technical solutions of the present application, those skilled in the art can flexibly adjust the capacitive coupling between the tuning sheet 200 and the top plate 311 according to actual needs, so as to optimize the impedance matching between the antenna and the feed network, thereby reducing the VSWR and improving the overall performance of the antenna system.

[0073] Isolation is used to measure the mutual isolation between different communication devices in the antenna system, which can directly reflect the signal leakage suppression ability of adjacent communication devices. In the actual operation of the antenna system, high isolation is of great significance, and it is a core element to ensure the stability and reliability of the antenna system. Specifically, high isolation can ensure that different polarizations of the radiating unit 100 do not interfere with each other, and ensure that each polarization will not be affected by the mutual coupling interference generated by other polarizations of the same radiating unit 100 during operation, thereby effectively improving the anti-interference ability and communication efficiency of the entire radiating unit 100.

[0074] In the present application, the capacitive coupling amount between the tuning sheet 200 and the top plate 311 is closely related to the isolation between different polarizations of the radiating unit 100. Specifically, when the coupling strength between the tuning sheet 200 and the top plate 311 increases, it indicates that the electromagnetic field interaction between them is more intense, and this strong interaction can effectively suppress the mutual coupling between different polarizations of the same radiating unit 100. Conversely, if the capacitive coupling amount between the tuning sheet 200 and the top plate 311 is reduced, it may lead to an increase in the mutual coupling between different polarizations of the same radiating unit 100.

[0075] After fully understanding the technical solutions of the present application, those skilled in the art can flexibly adjust the capacitive coupling between the tuning sheet 200 and the top plate 311 according to actual application needs, so as to achieve precise control of the isolation.

[0076] In addition, since both VSWR and isolation are important parameters that affect the performance of the antenna system, after understanding the technical solutions of the present application, those skilled in the art can consider the specific needs of VSWR and isolation, find a better balance point between them through experiments, and accordingly adjust the capacitive coupling amount between the tuning sheet 200 and the top plate 311 to optimize the performance of the antenna system.

[0077] In typical embodiments of the present application, in combination Figure 4 The tuning sheet 200 is bent on both sides in the width direction, thereby forming a folded edge (referred to as a first folded edge 220). The first folded edge 220 is vertically erected. By arranging the first folded edge 220 on both sides in the width direction of the tuning sheet 200, the radiation unit 100 can be effectively optimized. In this embodiment, the size of the first folded edge 220 is associated with the optimization effect of the radiation pattern, which is specifically manifested as: the larger the area of the first folded edge 220, the more significant the optimization effect on the radiation pattern of the radiation unit 100.

[0078] In further embodiments, the tuning sheet 200 is bent on both sides in the longitudinal direction, thereby forming a folded edge (referred to as a second folded edge 230). The second folded edge 230 is also vertically erected. By arranging the second folded edge 230 on both sides in the longitudinal direction of the tuning sheet 200, the radiation unit 100 can be further optimized based on the two first folded edges 220, effectively improving the radiation performance of the radiation unit 100.

[0079] In yet another embodiment, the second folded edge 230 is provided with through holes or notches. The arrangement of these through holes or notches can change the shape and size of the second folded edge 230. Due to the change in shape and size, the area of the second folded edge 230 will inevitably change. The change in the area of the second folded edge 230 will have a corresponding impact on the radiation pattern of the radiation unit 100, thereby achieving the purpose of improving the radiation pattern of the radiation unit 100.

[0080] In this embodiment, from the perspective of optimization effect and actual application, it is recommended to set the second folded edge 230 as a T-shaped structure, but it should not be considered as a limitation of the present application, and those skilled in the art can make reasonable adjustments according to actual needs.

[0081] In typical embodiments of the present application, the antenna assembly 10 includes a plurality of radiation units 100 and a plurality of tuning sheets 200. The plurality of radiation units 100 and the plurality of tuning sheets 200 are in a one-to-one corresponding arrangement, that is, each radiation unit 100 corresponds to a tuning sheet 200.

[0082] The plurality of radiation units 100 share the same phase shifter 300 and the same reflector 500. These radiation units 100 are arranged along the same axis. Each radiation unit 100 is electrically connected to one or more phase shift circuits 320 in the phase shifter 300 through a plurality of corresponding feeders 400, thereby ensuring normal signal transmission between the radiation unit 100 and the phase shifter 300.

[0083] In one embodiment, the antenna assembly 10 is combined with Figure 5 and Figure 6 The plurality of tuning pieces 200 are connected to each other to form an integrated structure, that is, the plurality of radiation units 100 share the same tuning piece 200, which has the advantages of simplified structure and reduced cost.

[0084] The application further provides an antenna 800, which is combined with Figure 7 and Figure 8 The antenna 800 comprises a plurality of antenna assemblies 10 described above, wherein the plurality of antenna assemblies 10 share the same reflector 500 and are arranged side by side along the width direction of the antenna 800. Each antenna assembly 10 is provided with a plurality of radiation units 100, which together form a radiation column. Correspondingly, the plurality of antenna assemblies 10 are provided with a plurality of radiation columns, which together form a radiation array.

[0085] In this embodiment, the tuning piece 200 of each antenna assembly 10 is provided with a first folded edge 220 on each side in the width direction. The arrangement of the two first folded edges 220 can significantly increase the isolation between the adjacent two antenna assemblies 10, in other words, the first folded edge 220 can increase the isolation between the adjacent two radiation columns, effectively reduce the coupling interference between the adjacent two radiation columns, and further optimize the overall radiation performance of the antenna 800.

[0086] In one embodiment, the radiation unit 100 in the antenna assembly 10 is a high-frequency radiation unit 811, and based on this, the radiation array formed by the plurality of antenna assemblies 10 is naturally a high-frequency radiation array. In addition, the antenna assembly 10 is also provided with a low-frequency radiation column 820, which is arranged in a common array with the plurality of high-frequency radiation columns 810 in the high-frequency radiation array.

[0087] For example, two low-frequency radiation columns 820 are arranged in the antenna 800, and a mounting space is formed between the two low-frequency radiation columns 820, and the high-frequency array is arranged in the mounting space, realizing the compact and reasonable layout of the high-frequency and low-frequency radiation units 100.

[0088] The application further provides a base station, which comprises the antenna 800 described above.

[0089] In summary, the antenna assembly of the application can significantly improve the standing wave ratio of the antenna assembly by regulating the capacitive coupling between the tuning piece and the top plate of the phase shifter cavity, and at the same time, can enhance the isolation between different polarizations of the radiation unit and reduce mutual coupling interference.

[0090] The above description merely illustrates the preferred embodiment of this application and a sketch of the principles of the application. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the scope of the present application is not limited to the specific technical features described above, but also covers other technical solutions formed by any combination of the above technical features or equivalent features thereof without departing from the inventive concept. For example, the above technical features can be replaced with technical features of the same function in the present application (but not limited to) to form technical solutions.

[0091] Although the subject matter has been described in language specific to structural features and / or methodological acts, it is to be understood that the subject defined in the appended claims is not necessarily limited to the specific features or acts described above. Rather, the specific features and acts described above are merely illustrative of the example forms of implementing the claims.

Claims

1. An antenna assembly, characterized in that, The device includes a radiating unit, a tuning plate, a phase shifter, a power supply component, and a reflector. The radiating unit includes a balun and a radiating arm supported on the balun. The balun is located on the tuning plate. The phase shifter includes a cavity and a phase-shifting circuit installed in the cavity. The cavity includes a top plate and a bottom plate facing each other. The bottom plate is located on the reflector. The tuning plate is disposed above the top plate and the two plates face each other to achieve capacitive coupling. The power supply component passes through the top plate and the tuning plate. The phase-shifting circuit is electrically connected to the radiating arm via the power supply component.

2. The antenna assembly as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The reverse side of the tuning plate faces the front side of the top plate, and the shape and size of the tuning plate are approximately the same as those of the top plate.

3. The antenna assembly as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The tuning plate and / or the top plate are provided with through holes or notches to adjust the capacitive coupling between the tuning plate and the top plate.

4. The antenna assembly as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The top plate extends outward along the width direction on both sides to form an extension portion.

5. The antenna assembly as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The area between the two outer extensions of the top plate is hollowed out to form a window.

6. The antenna assembly as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, Along the width direction of the cavity, the two sides of the tuning plate are bent to form a first folded edge, and / or, along the longitudinal direction of the cavity, the two sides of the tuning plate are bent to form a second folded edge.

7. The antenna assembly as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that, The second folded edge has through holes or notches to change its shape and size.

8. The antenna assembly as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that, The second fold is a T-shaped structure.

9. The antenna assembly as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The antenna assembly also includes an insulating sheet disposed between the tuning sheet and the top plate, the insulating sheet having a shape and size approximately the same as that of the tuning sheet.

10. The antenna assembly as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The antenna assembly includes multiple radiating elements and multiple tuning plates. The multiple radiating elements are respectively arranged corresponding to the multiple tuning plates. The multiple radiating elements share the same phase shifter and the same reflector. The multiple radiating elements are arranged sequentially along the same axis.

11. The antenna assembly as claimed in claim 10, characterized in that, The multiple tuning plates are connected to form a single structure.

12. An antenna, characterized in that, It includes a plurality of antenna assemblies as described in claim 10 or 11, the plurality of antenna assemblies being arranged side by side such that the radiating elements on each of the plurality of antenna assemblies form a radiating array, and the plurality of antenna assemblies sharing the same reflector.

13. A base station, characterized in that, Including the antenna as described in claim 12.

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