Wireless access point selection method and device, equipment, storage medium and program product

Abstract

Disclosed are a wireless access point selection method, apparatus, device, storage medium and program product, applied to a first AP in a wireless network comprising a plurality of access points APs, the method comprising: identifying a candidate AP pair set in the plurality of APs of the wireless network; based on the service scene of each AP in the wireless network, a target AP pair with the maximum expected spatial reuse SR gain is selected from the candidate AP pair set according to the priority of the service scene, and the service scene comprises at least one of a priority service scene, a time delay service scene and a throughput service scene; and packaging the selected target AP pair into an SR decision message and sending the SR decision message to each AP, the SR decision message being configured to enable an SR function only for another member AP in the target AP pair by a member AP in the target AP pair, and closing the SR function by other APs. According to the method and the device, the optimal target AP pair can be selected according to the service scene to carry out collaborative SR, so that the network performance is effectively improved while interference superposition is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of wireless network technology, specifically to a wireless access point selection method, apparatus, device, storage medium, and program product. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of wireless network communication, MESH networking, as a highly efficient wireless mesh network structure, achieves expanded network coverage and flexible data transmission through the interconnection of multiple access points (APs) and stations (STAs). However, in multi-AP MESH networking scenarios, due to the geographical proximity of the various Basic Service Sets (BSS), interference can occur between APs during data transmission, leading to a reduction in the number of parallel transmissions and consequently affecting the overall aggregate throughput performance of the network.

[0003] Spatial reuse (SR) technology increases the transmission opportunities of devices in mesh networking scenarios, thereby improving the overall network transmission efficiency by increasing the utilization efficiency of wireless channels. SR technology allows access points (APs) to use a higher sensitivity standard to determine whether certain interference can be ignored when facing Overlapping Basic Service Set (OBSS) interference, thus reducing unnecessary backoff and waiting, increasing transmission opportunities, and improving transmission efficiency. However, in traditional technologies, when multiple APs simultaneously enable SR, it may lead to the superposition of SR interference, which can actually degrade network performance.

[0004] Therefore, how to coordinate the SR behavior among APs and avoid interference superposition has become an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a wireless access point selection method, apparatus, device, storage medium, and program product, which can select the optimal target AP pair for coordinated SR according to the service scenario, so as to effectively improve network performance while avoiding interference superposition.

[0006] On one hand, embodiments of this application provide a wireless access point selection method, applied to a first AP in a wireless network containing multiple access points (APs), the method comprising: Identify a set of candidate AP pairs among the multiple APs in the wireless network; Based on the service scenarios of each AP in the wireless network, the target AP pair with the largest expected spatial reuse SR gain is selected from the candidate AP pair set in order of service scenario priority. The service scenarios include at least one of priority service scenarios, latency service scenarios, and throughput service scenarios. The selected target AP pair is packaged into an SR decision message and sent to each AP. The SR decision message is configured so that member APs in the target AP pair enable the SR function only for another member AP in the target AP pair, and disable the SR function for the remaining APs.

[0007] On the other hand, embodiments of this application provide a wireless access point selection device, applied to a first AP in a wireless network comprising multiple access points (APs), the device comprising: An identification unit is used to identify a set of candidate AP pairs among multiple APs in the wireless network. The selection unit is used to select the target AP pair with the largest expected spatial reuse SR gain from the candidate AP pair set according to the service scenarios of each AP in the wireless network and in order of service scenario priority. The service scenarios include at least one of priority service scenarios, latency service scenarios and throughput service scenarios. The processing unit is used to package the selected target AP pair into an SR decision message and send it to each AP. The SR decision message is configured such that member APs in the target AP pair enable the SR function only for another member AP in the target AP pair, and disable the SR function for the remaining APs.

[0008] On the other hand, embodiments of this application provide a computer device, the computer device including a processor and a memory, the memory storing a computer program, the processor executing the wireless access point selection method as described in any of the above embodiments by calling the computer program stored in the memory.

[0009] On the other hand, embodiments of this application provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program adapted for loading by a processor to execute the wireless access point selection method as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0010] On the other hand, an embodiment of this application provides a computer program product, including computer instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the wireless access point selection method as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0011] This application embodiment is applied to the first AP in a wireless network containing multiple access points (APs). The method involves identifying a set of candidate AP pairs among the multiple APs in the wireless network; based on the service scenarios of each AP in the wireless network, selecting the target AP pair with the largest expected spatial reuse (SR) gain from the candidate AP pair set according to the priority of the service scenarios; the service scenarios include at least one of priority service scenarios, latency service scenarios, and throughput service scenarios; packaging the selected target AP pair into an SR decision message and sending it to each AP; the SR decision message is configured so that member APs in the target AP pair only enable the SR function for another member AP in the target AP pair, while the SR function is disabled for the remaining APs. This application embodiment identifies multiple APs in the wireless network and constructs a set of candidate AP pairs, then accurately selects the target AP pair with the largest expected spatial reuse (SR) gain for coordinated SR based on the priority of the service scenarios carried by each AP. Through the optimal target AP pair selection strategy, the accurate activation of the SR function and effective avoidance of interference are achieved, effectively improving network performance. Attached Figure Description

[0012] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating a traditional SR technology application scenario of 2BSS provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0014] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a scenario involving superimposed SR interference in a wireless network, provided as an embodiment of this application.

[0015] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating a wireless access point selection method provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0016] Figure 4 This is another flowchart illustrating a wireless access point selection method provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0017] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a wireless access point selection device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0018] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a computer device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0020] The embodiments of this application can be applied to scenarios with dense deployment of multiple APs in the field of wireless network communication. Since multiple BSSs are geographically close, multiple APs will back off from each other and postpone transmission, which may reduce the number of parallel transmissions in the network, thereby reducing the overall aggregation throughput performance of the network.

[0021] Spatial Reuse (SR) technology can increase the transmission opportunities of devices in mesh networking scenarios, thereby improving the overall network transmission efficiency. APs with SR enabled can use a higher sensitivity standard to judge OBSS interference, reducing unnecessary backoff and waiting, and thus utilizing the wireless channel more efficiently.

[0022] like Figure 1 In an SR application scenario involving two BSSs, STA1 is associated with AP1, and STA2 is associated with AP2. Each AP and its associated STA constitutes a BSS. Since the two APs are within each other's channel sensing range, only one AP can transmit at a time. When AP2 is transmitting data to STA2, the link between AP2 and STA2 is an ongoing transmission link. If AP1 and AP2 simultaneously transmit data to their respective target STAs, then the link between AP1 and STA1 is an SR link. According to traditional SR technology, when AP1 receives a High Efficiency Physical Layer Protocol Data Unit (HE PPDU) from AP2, it reads the BSS Color field in the HE-SIG-A (which carries the necessary information for interpreting the HE PPDU), which provides information such as bandwidth and spatial stream quantity, to determine the message source. If the Clear Channel Assessment - Carrier Sense (CCA-CS) determines that the message is an OBSS message, then... Figure 1 Within range A, there is OBSS interference a, and the received signal strength indication (RSSI) detected by the signal is... Figure 1In the case of b, it is less than the OBSS Packet Detection Power threshold (OBSS_PD) set by AP1, that is... Figure 1 If the B range boundary value is considered as "negligible interference" by AP1, AP1 may skip the backoff process and immediately attempt to send its own message if AP1 has its own message to send at this time. This is the process of AP1 applying SR technology.

[0023] In multi-AP networking scenarios, spatial reuse technology improves spectrum efficiency by reusing wireless media. However, uncoordinated SR (Spatial Reuse) can cause interference superposition problems. Most uncoordinated SRs are based on OBSS_PD (Optical Path Difference). For example, when multiple APs enable SR simultaneously, if there is a hidden node relationship, they may use the same AP's transmission packets to send SR packets, which will cause the interference at the target AP to increase exponentially and degrade performance.

[0024] by Figure 2 Consider three APs simultaneously enabling uncoordinated SR (Signal Transfer) as an example. Assume the FAP (Functional Access Point) has obtained a Transmission Opportunity (TXOP) and is transmitting, occupying the channel. RE1, with SR enabled, can use the FAP's Presentation Protocol Data Unit (PPDU) to send SR packets. If RE2 and RE1 are hidden nodes, RE2 can also use the FAP's PPDU to send SR packets, resulting in double the interference at the FAP. The interference situation becomes even more complex when there are more than three APs in a network. Multiple APs enabling SR simultaneously can lead to severe performance degradation. Therefore, when using uncoordinated SR, SR behavior should be limited to two APs. This means selecting AP pairs that mutually enable SR, allowing member APs to perform SR with each other, while isolated APs should not perform SR. This avoids the problem of SR interference aggregation. Figure 2 If only RE1 and FAP interact with each other and SR is active, while RE2 backs off normally, the interference will not be superimposed at FAP.

[0025] Coordinated Spatial Reuse (Co-SR) is a key focus of Multi-AP Coordination (MAPC) technology in next-generation Wi-Fi standards. Its core is to achieve spatial reuse (SR) through coordination mechanisms among multiple APs. The aim is to solve interference problems caused by disordered contention in non-coordinated SR through AP collaboration, thereby optimizing the spectral efficiency and performance of the wireless network. Compared to technologies such as Coordinated Beamforming (C-BF) and Coordinated Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (C-OFDMA), Co-SR is easier to implement and can be built upon existing standards such as Wi-Fi 6 and Wi-Fi 7. Proposal No. 99 adopted by the Task Group bn (TGbn) of the IEEE 802.11 Wireless LAN Standards Working Group, which is responsible for developing Wi-Fi 8, proposes limiting the number of APs participating in Co-SR to two to reduce the overhead of coordination.

[0026] Given the above background, both uncoordinated and coordinated SR (Signal Transfer) require limiting SR behavior to two APs. Coordinated SR is achieved by selecting the optimal AP pair, avoiding isolated AP participation. Therefore, selecting the optimal AP pair for SR becomes crucial for further optimizing network performance. This application will focus on discussing methods for selecting the optimal AP pair.

[0027] This application embodiment identifies multiple APs in a wireless network and constructs a candidate AP pair set. Then, based on the priority of the service scenarios carried by each AP, it accurately selects the target AP pair with the greatest expected spatial reuse (SR) gain for collaborative SR. Through the optimal target AP pair selection strategy, it achieves accurate activation of SR function and effective avoidance of interference, and effectively improves network performance.

[0028] This application provides a method for selecting a wireless access point. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating a wireless access point selection method provided in an embodiment of this application. The method is applied to a first AP in a wireless network comprising multiple access points (APs), and the method includes: Step 110: Identify the set of candidate AP pairs among multiple APs in the wireless network; Step 120: Based on the service scenarios of each AP in the wireless network, select the target AP pair with the largest expected spatial reuse SR gain from the candidate AP pair set in order of service scenario priority. The service scenario includes at least one of priority service scenario, latency service scenario and throughput service scenario. Step 130: Package the selected target AP pair into an SR decision message and send it to each AP. The SR decision message is configured so that member APs in the target AP pair enable the SR function only for another member AP in the target AP pair, and disable the SR function for the other APs.

[0029] For example, in a wireless networking environment, there are multiple access points (APs), which may cover different areas and serve different client devices.

[0030] In step 110, the first AP (as the executing entity) identifies all APs in the entire wireless network and constructs a candidate AP pair set based on certain rules or strategies (such as geographical proximity, signal strength, historical connection records, etc.). Each pair of APs in the candidate AP pair set has the potential to work collaboratively, meaning they can improve network performance through spatial reuse (SR) technology. The purpose of constructing the candidate AP pair set is to enable subsequent steps to select the optimal target AP pair from these candidate pairs based on business scenario requirements.

[0031] For example, in wireless networking, different access points (APs) may support different types of service scenarios, each with varying network performance requirements. Priority service scenarios may require high network reliability and stability to ensure the smooth execution of critical tasks; latency service scenarios, such as video calls and online games, have strict requirements for real-time data transmission; while throughput service scenarios prioritize data transmission rate and efficiency, such as large file downloads and high-definition video streaming.

[0032] In step 120, the first AP will assign a priority to each service scenario based on the service scenarios of each AP in the wireless network. Then, according to these priority orders, the expected spatial reuse (SR) gain of each AP pair will be evaluated sequentially from the candidate AP pair set. The SR gain can be calculated based on various metrics, such as priority gain, latency gain, throughput gain, etc., and the specific calculation methods of these metrics will be explained in detail in subsequent embodiments. By comprehensively comparing the SR gains of each AP pair, the first AP will select the target AP pair with the largest expected SR gain.

[0033] In step 130, after selecting the target AP pair, the first AP needs to convey this decision information to all APs in the wireless network. To do this, the first AP packages the selected target AP pair information into an SR decision message and sends it to each AP via a communication protocol in the wireless network (such as the 802.11 series of protocols). The SR decision message may contain specific information about the target AP pair, as well as configuration instructions for enabling the SR function. Specifically, this SR decision message configures member APs in the target AP pair to enable the SR function only for the other member AP in the target AP pair. For the remaining APs in the wireless network, the SR function is disabled to avoid unnecessary interference and conflicts. This configuration ensures that the wireless network maintains stability and reliability while improving performance.

[0034] In some embodiments, based on the service scenarios of each AP in the wireless network, the target AP pair with the largest expected spatial reuse SR gain is selected from the candidate AP pair set in order of service scenario priority, including: Identify the service scenarios of each AP in the wireless network; Based on the aforementioned business scenario, and in accordance with the priority order of priority gain, latency gain, and throughput gain, the target AP pair with the largest expected SR gain is selected from the candidate AP pair set through multi-level screening until the number of remaining pairable APs is less than 2 or there are no pairable APs.

[0035] For example, the process by which the first AP identifies the service scenarios of each AP involves collecting and analyzing the AP's operational data to determine the type and urgency of the service being processed by each AP, and then formulating optimization strategies accordingly. Specifically, this mainly includes the following aspects: (1) Data collection: Other APs periodically report the performance data they have collected locally to the first AP, or exchange neighbor reports, channel utilization reports and other information through the IEEE 802.11k (Radio Resource Management) and IEEE 802.11v (Network Management) protocols. The first AP periodically obtains various status information of each AP in the wireless network. Based on the collected network-wide information, the first AP identifies and classifies potential candidate AP pairs, which are potential targets that may gain performance gains by enabling the SR function.

[0036] Specifically, the candidate AP pair set is constructed based on a neighbor detection mechanism. Neighbor information is obtained through the periodic exchange of Beacon frames (sent periodically by APs to provide general network information) or Probe Response frames (triggered by Probe Request frames to respond to specific needs). A complete graph construction algorithm from graph theory is used, treating all reachable APs as vertices and pairing them to form edge sets. In practical implementations, an RSSI signal strength threshold may be used to filter invalid pairings.

[0037] (2) Analyze business scenarios: After receiving various status information from the above APs, the first AP performs summary analysis to determine the business scenario of each AP. For example, the business scenario can be determined in the following way: High-priority service scenarios: If an AP reports that its high-priority data packet queue is very deep (i.e., a large amount of urgent data is queuing for transmission), the retransmission rate or packet loss rate of high-priority packets is very high, or it is associated with a large number of clients that require high-priority services, the first AP will determine that this AP is currently in a high-priority service scenario and needs to be handled urgently.

[0038] Latency-sensitive business scenarios: If an AP reports that the average end-to-end latency of its latency-sensitive business (such as real-time video, online games) is already very high, or if it is associated with a large number of clients with strict latency requirements, the first AP will determine that this AP is in a latency-sensitive business scenario and needs to optimize latency.

[0039] Throughput service scenario: If an AP reports that its buffer queue has a large number of data packets waiting to be sent, its own or overlapping BSS channel occupancy is high, the interference energy between APs is large, or it is associated with a large number of clients, resulting in huge traffic demand, but the throughput cannot be met, then the first AP will determine that this AP is in a throughput service scenario and needs to improve its throughput.

[0040] (3) Real-time updates: The collection and analysis operations in (1) and (2) are not completed in one go, but are continuous. The first AP will update the judgment of each AP's service scenario in real time according to the triggering conditions. This is to ensure that when the network conditions change, the SR strategy can be adjusted in a timely manner so that the entire network is always in the best working state.

[0041] In some embodiments, the step of selecting the target AP pair with the largest expected SR gain from the candidate AP pair set through multi-level filtering based on the business scenario, in the order of priority gain, latency gain, and throughput gain, includes: If at least one of the multiple APs has high-priority services or high-priority traffic, then the preset SR gain is determined as the priority gain, and the first target AP pair with the largest priority gain is selected from the candidate AP pair set; or If no high-priority service or high-priority traffic exists among the multiple APs, but at least one of the multiple APs has a latency-sensitive service or latency-sensitive traffic, then the preset SR gain is determined as the latency gain, and the second target AP pair with the largest latency gain is selected from the candidate AP pair set; or If there are no high-priority services or high-priority traffic among the multiple APs, and there are no latency-sensitive services or latency-sensitive traffic, then the preset SR gain is determined as the throughput gain, and the third target AP pair with the largest throughput gain is selected from the candidate AP pair set.

[0042] For example, based on the priority of business scenarios, this application uses three categories of expected SR gains, ranked from high to low, as the criteria for determining whether SR can be enabled for the target AP: (1) High-priority business scenarios refer to business types or traffic that have extremely high requirements for network resources and are extremely sensitive to interruptions and latency. These businesses or traffic are usually directly related to the core of user experience, production safety, or life and health, and therefore have extremely low tolerance for network congestion and interference, requiring the highest level of Quality of Service (QoS) guarantee. Examples include VoIP (Voice over Internet Protocol) telephone, video conferencing, industrial control signals, emergency communications (such as intercom or data transmission in public safety networks), and real-time vital sign monitoring or remote surgical control data in medical applications.

[0043] Priority gain manifests as the increased scheduling opportunities for high-priority packets after a pair of access points (APs) mutually enable Scheduler (SR). The increased SR provides these packets with more scheduling opportunities or more stable scheduling resources compared to when SR is disabled. Priority gain focuses on service assurance, using metrics such as the number of clients, latency sensitivity, and retransmission rate to ensure the stability and reliability of high-priority services.

[0044] (2) Latency-sensitive business scenarios refer to business types or traffic that have explicit requirements for end-to-end latency, but whose priority is slightly lower than that of high-priority business. These businesses or traffic usually involve real-time interaction, but their tolerance for latency may be slightly higher than that of high-priority business, and their requirements for packet loss rate may be relatively lenient. Examples include online multiplayer games, real-time data acquisition (such as sensor network data), interactive data in augmented reality (AR) / virtual reality (VR) applications, and real-time quote updates in certain financial trading systems.

[0045] Delay gain manifests as the transmission opportunities provided by a pair of access points (APs) enabling relay-based transmission (SR), resulting in reduced end-to-end latency for delay-sensitive services compared to when SR is disabled. Delay gain emphasizes real-time performance and optimizes the performance of delay-sensitive services through metrics such as latency tolerance and the proportion of low-latency traffic.

[0046] (3) Throughput-based service scenarios refer to service types that have high requirements for data transmission rate but are less sensitive to latency and priority. The main goal of these services is to maximize data transmission volume, and they can usually tolerate a certain degree of latency and packet loss. Examples include large file downloads, high-definition video streaming (not live streaming), web browsing, email sending and receiving, software updates, and data backup.

[0047] Throughput gain manifests as the increase in throughput for both APs or the increase in aggregated throughput (the sum of bandwidth of all physical links bundled together) after a pair of APs mutually enable SR (Signal Transfer). Throughput gain optimizes network efficiency by improving overall network throughput through metrics such as interference control, resource utilization, and traffic volume.

[0048] For example, Figure 4 The process for selecting target AP pairs based on maximizing expected SR gain is shown. The multi-level filtering based on business scenario priority includes the following steps: S1: The first AP selects all possible candidate AP pairs from among the multiple APs in the wireless network. S2: Identify the service scenarios of each AP in the wireless network.

[0049] S3: Based on the business scenario, and following the priority order of priority gain, latency gain, and throughput gain, the target AP pair with the largest expected SR gain is selected from the candidate AP pair set through multi-level filtering. The multi-level filtering is implemented through the following steps S3.1 to S3.6: S3.1: Determine if at least one of the multiple APs has high-priority services or high-priority traffic; if yes, proceed to step S3.2; if no, proceed to step S3.3.

[0050] S3.2: Determine the preset SR gain as the priority gain, select the first target AP pair with the largest priority gain from the candidate AP pair set, and further execute step S3.6.

[0051] S3.3: Determine whether at least one of the multiple APs has a latency-sensitive service or latency-sensitive traffic; if yes, proceed to step S3.4; if no, proceed to step S3.5.

[0052] S3.4: Determine the preset SR gain as the time delay gain, and select the second target AP pair with the largest time delay gain from the candidate AP pair set.

[0053] S3.5: Determine the preset SR gain as the throughput gain, select the third target AP pair with the largest throughput gain from the candidate AP pair set, and further execute step S3.6.

[0054] S3.6: Determine whether the number of remaining pairable APs is less than 2, or whether there are no pairable APs; if yes, proceed to step S4; if no, return to step S1.

[0055] S4: Package the selected target AP pairs into SR decision messages and send them to each AP. S5: The first AP parses the SR decision message.

[0056] In addition, other APs that receive the SR decision message will also parse the SR decision message; S6: The first AP determines whether it is a member AP of the target AP pair; if so, proceed to step S7, otherwise proceed to step S8.

[0057] In addition, other APs that receive the SR decision message will also determine whether they are member APs of the target AP pair.

[0058] S7: The first AP configuration SR function only takes effect when communicating with another member AP in the target AP pair.

[0059] S8: Disable SR function.

[0060] In the method provided in this application, the target AP pair selection process has a fault tolerance mechanism. In the process of selecting the target AP pair with the largest expected SR gain from the candidate AP pair set, if data abnormalities or calculation errors occur, a preset fault tolerance strategy is adopted, such as using historical data or default values ​​for calculation, to ensure the smooth progress of the AP pair selection process.

[0061] For example, a gradient-based guarantee mechanism can be formed through a preset fault-tolerance strategy. When the main computing path fails (such as failure to acquire real-time channel state information), it can quickly switch to the historical average SR model for prediction to ensure service continuity. An anomaly detection algorithm based on time series is introduced to smooth out anomalies that deviate from the historical data distribution by more than two standard deviations, avoiding single-point errors that could cause overall decision failure.

[0062] When there are multiple candidate AP pairs with equal gain in the wireless network, the candidate AP pair with the longest historical cooperation time is selected as the target AP pair.

[0063] For example, long-term collaborative APs can reduce parameter negotiation overhead for each collaboration by establishing a stable beamforming pattern library (such as pre-stored beam weight combinations for 16 typical scenarios). The channel state information fingerprint library formed through long-term collaboration enables rapid pattern matching in the same or similar scenarios.

[0064] In some embodiments, the method further includes: when a change in the service scenario of each AP in the wireless network is detected, re-executing the target AP pair selection process to update the selected target AP pair in real time.

[0065] The nature of wireless network environments is highly dynamic and unpredictable. Service load, user distribution, interference sources, and even the state of the access points (APs) themselves are constantly changing. No static performance optimization (SR) configuration can cope with such long-term changes. If SR decisions are not updated once made, the original optimization effects may gradually disappear as the network environment changes, and may even lead to new performance bottlenecks or interference. A previously optimal target AP pair may become unsuitable due to a sudden spike in load on one of the APs; or the deployment of new APs or the emergence of interference sources may render the original SR configuration ineffective. Therefore, to ensure that network configurations always adapt to real-time service requirements and avoid ineffective cycles caused by frequent fluctuations, it is necessary to update the candidate AP pair set and restart the selection process.

[0066] For example, a specific trigger condition can be added as a start-up threshold constraint, and the detection of changes in the business scenario can be based on any of the following trigger conditions: (1) The change in the high-priority packet queue depth of any AP exceeds the first threshold; (2) The average end-to-end latency change of any AP for latency-sensitive services exceeds the second threshold; (3) The rate of change of traffic volume for any AP exceeds the third threshold; (4) The timer expires.

[0067] The first threshold can be set based on historical data, using the average / peak value of high-priority queues ± a certain percentage (e.g., 30%), to avoid oversensitivity or lag. The second threshold is based on the service SLA latency, with a reasonable buffer (e.g., ±20%) to ensure that real-time requirements are not exceeded. The third threshold, combined with the characteristics of the service type, sets a traffic change rate threshold (e.g., ±50%) to filter short-term fluctuations and only respond to significant changes. The testing cycle is dynamically adjusted according to network load (e.g., shortened to 1 minute during busy periods and extended to several hours during off-peak periods) to balance response speed and system overhead.

[0068] When the change in the high-priority data packet queue depth of any AP within a certain time window (e.g., within the past 30 seconds) exceeds a preset first threshold; or the change in the average end-to-end latency of any AP's latency-sensitive service within a certain time window (e.g., within the past 1 minute) exceeds a second threshold; or the rate of change in the traffic volume (e.g., total throughput) of any AP (e.g., the percentage increase or decrease per unit time) exceeds a third threshold; or a preset timer expires and triggers periodic verification (e.g., every 10 minutes), i.e., a change in the service scenario is detected, a re-identification process is triggered, and the candidate AP pair set is updated.

[0069] The aforementioned triggering conditions, by quantifying the magnitude of changes in service characteristic parameters, ensure both a sensitive response to real service demands and the suppression of short-term noise interference through threshold filtering. Once any triggering condition is met, the system restarts the multi-level filtering loop process, recalculates priority gain, latency gain, and throughput gain based on the latest detected service scenario attributes, generates new target AP pair combinations, and synchronously updates the SR decision message. This dynamic closed-loop mechanism enables the network to adapt to changes in service scenarios, ensuring the stability of high-priority services while continuously optimizing the real-time performance of latency-sensitive services and the overall network resource utilization, ultimately achieving a dynamic match between wireless network performance and service requirements.

[0070] The process described in the above embodiments achieves efficient optimization of AP selection and SR transmission control in wireless networking by constructing a multi-level filtering mechanism based on service scenario priorities and a dynamic update strategy. Its core effects are reflected in the following aspects: A strict priority mechanism is adopted, activating differentiated gain calculations in a progressive order of "high-priority services - latency-sensitive services - throughput," ensuring that critical service guarantees take precedence over real-time requirements, ultimately improving network efficiency. Through a dynamic update mechanism, the candidate AP set is refreshed in real-time after each successful pairing of APs. Combined with a multi-level cyclical screening system, it can accurately match different service characteristics—priority gain focuses on service guarantee elements such as the number of clients, latency sensitivity, and retransmission rate; latency gain emphasizes real-time indicators such as tolerable latency thresholds and the proportion of low-latency traffic; and throughput gain optimizes network performance through interference control, resource utilization, and traffic scale. A termination condition is set during the cyclical execution (remaining AP count < 2 or no APs to pair with), ensuring sufficient screening while avoiding redundant calculations. After screening, the first AP packages the target AP pair into an SR decision message and synchronizes it across the network. Each AP automatically enables / disables SR transmission based on its membership, effective only for designated pairings. This combination of centralized decision-making and distributed execution ensures service priority while achieving refined scheduling and interference control of network resources, ultimately maximizing the expected SR gain.

[0071] In some embodiments, the priority gain calculation step includes: The priority gain is obtained by normalizing and then calculating it by weighted summation / or cumulative multiplication based on at least one of the following indicators for each candidate AP pair in the candidate AP pair set: the number of high-priority clients, the queue depth of high-priority packets, the retransmission rate of high-priority packets, the packet loss rate of high-priority packets, and the proportion of high-priority applications.

[0072] For example, Priority Gain aims to quantify the benefits of enabling SR to optimize high-priority service traffic. Its calculation is based on several key metrics that directly reflect the current service quality and potential bottlenecks of high-priority services.

[0073] (1) Number of high-priority clients refers to the number of clients currently associated with the AP that are running or primarily running high-priority services (such as VoIP, video conferencing). The AP can count this number by identifying the associated client information and the service type of the client. The more clients there are, the larger the scale of high-priority service users supported by the AP, and the greater the potential priority conflicts and resource competition. Optimization through SR, such as traffic offloading or interference reduction, can cover a wider range of users, resulting in a greater overall priority gain.

[0074] (2) The queue depth of high-priority data packets refers to the number or total number of bytes of high-priority data packets waiting to be sent in the AP's internal transmission queue. The MAC layer or network layer module inside the AP will count and report the depth of its various priority queues in real time. The larger the queue depth, the closer the AP's ability to process high-priority traffic is to the bottleneck, and the longer the data packets wait in the queue, resulting in increased latency and a higher risk of packet loss. Enabling SR can improve channel utilization, thereby accelerating data packet transmission, reducing queue backlog, and obtaining significant priority gains.

[0075] (3) The retransmission rate of high-priority packets refers to the proportion of high-priority data packets that need to be retransmitted due to wireless link transmission failures (such as the receiver not sending an ACK character or the sender receiving a negative ACK). The AP's MAC layer counts the number of transmission attempts and successful attempts of data packets to calculate the retransmission rate. A high retransmission rate indicates poor wireless link quality, severe interference, or excessive AP load, leading to a decrease in effective throughput and an increase in latency. Through SR optimization, invalid transmissions can be reduced, and the latency introduced by retransmissions can be lowered, thereby directly improving the reliability and efficiency of high-priority services.

[0076] (4) Packet loss rate of high-priority messages refers to the proportion of high-priority data packets lost during transmission (e.g., due to extremely poor channel quality, queue overflow, or reaching the maximum number of retransmissions). APs or clients can statistically analyze the packet loss rate through protocol layer feedback (e.g., TCP retransmission timeout, UDP statistical loss) or application layer monitoring. SR optimization can improve wireless link quality, reduce collisions and congestion, significantly reduce packet loss rate, and avoid interruption or severe quality degradation of high-priority services.

[0077] (5) High-priority application ratio refers to the proportion of high-priority application traffic (such as VoIP traffic and industrial control traffic) in the total traffic currently carried by the AP. Traffic is classified and identified through deep packet inspection technology, or based on preset ports, protocols, IP address ranges, etc. The higher the ratio, the stronger the AP's dependence on high-priority services, the greater the impact of its performance on the overall service value, and the greater the overall service value brought by SR optimization.

[0078] When priority gain is used as the expected SR gain, an expected SR gain estimate can be designed to follow changes in these index values.

[0079] For example, selecting three metrics from AP statistics—the number of high-priority clients, the queue depth of high-priority packets, and the retransmission rate of high-priority messages—and designing the SR gain estimation formula as follows:

[0080]

[0081] Where α, β, and γ are weights; "Number of high-priority clients" refers to the sum of the number of high-priority clients associated with each of the two member APs in the target AP pair; "Total number of associated clients" is the sum of the total number of clients associated with each of the two member APs in the target AP pair; "Average proportion of high-priority packets" is the average of the queue depth of high-priority packets of each of the two member APs in the target AP pair divided by the total queue depth; "Average retransmission rate of high-priority packets" is the average of the retransmission rates of high-priority packets measured by the two member APs in the target AP pair over a period of time.

[0082] Since the indicators used in the formula are all positively correlated with the priority gain, the gain estimation formula obtained by normalizing the units and then weighting and summing can accurately reflect the magnitude of the priority gain.

[0083] Based on the above example, the following is a way to construct an extended priority gain estimation formula: Select preset performance indicators that are strongly correlated with priority gain. These indicators are not limited to the three indicators in the example above. The proportion of high-priority applications and the packet loss rate of high-priority packets can also be used to calculate priority gain. Normalize each indicator to unify the dimensions, and perform a weighted summation operation on the normalized indicators by configuring weight coefficients to obtain the priority gain estimate. The calculation method of the gain estimate is not limited to weighted summation. It can also adopt a cumulative multiplication operation or a mixed operation method of multiplying some indicators and then adding them with other indicators.

[0084] For example, suppose the two member APs in the target AP pair are AP1 and AP2. For AP1, its high-priority application percentage is P1, and for AP2, it is P2. Normalize P1 and P2, and let the normalized values ​​be P1' and P2', respectively.

[0085] Let L1 be the high-priority packet loss rate measured by AP1 in the target AP pair, and L2 be the high-priority packet loss rate measured by AP2. We first normalize L1 and L2 to obtain L1' and L2'.

[0086] By incorporating the proportion of high-priority applications and the packet loss rate of high-priority packets, the new calculation formula can be designed as follows:

[0087]

[0088] in α 1. β 1. γ 1. δ 1. ν1 is the weighting coefficient. By adjusting these weighting coefficients, the influence of each indicator in the priority gain calculation can be flexibly adjusted. This indicates that the average percentage of high-priority applications after normalization of the two A's is taken. This represents the average of the high-priority packet loss rates after normalization of the two APs, thus comprehensively reflecting the overall low-latency application performance of the APs.

[0089] By applying the two indicators of high-priority application ratio and high-priority packet loss rate to the calculation of priority gain in the above way, we can more comprehensively and accurately reflect the situation of high-priority services, more accurately represent the mapping relationship between priority gain and various indicators, and effectively quantify the difference in priority gain of different target APs during collaboration, thereby providing a basis for enabling and configuring SR function.

[0090] In some embodiments, the calculation step of the time delay gain includes: Based on at least one of the following indicators for each candidate AP pair in the candidate AP pair set: average end-to-end latency of latency-sensitive services, low-latency requirement packet queue depth, low-latency application ratio, low-latency requirement client ratio, AP transmission aggregation degree, and AP retransmission limit, the latency gain is obtained by normalization and then by weighted summation / or cumulative multiplication.

[0091] For example, latency gain aims to quantify the benefits of optimizing latency-sensitive service traffic through SR (Slow Response). Its calculation is based on several key metrics that directly reflect the current latency performance and potential bottlenecks of latency-sensitive services.

[0092] (1) Average end-to-end latency for latency-sensitive services refers to the average time taken for data packets to travel from the source (e.g., a client application) to the destination (e.g., a server or another client application) of a latency-sensitive service. It is the most direct and core indicator for measuring the QoS of latency-sensitive services. It can be obtained by measuring round-trip time (RTT) using the Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) or by timestamping and calculating at the application layer using the UDP protocol. Additionally, some latency-sensitive applications themselves report their end-to-end latency data, and some advanced APs or network controllers can monitor the latency of specific traffic flows. SR optimization can reduce channel contention and transmission waiting time, thereby directly reducing end-to-end latency and improving user experience.

[0093] (2) Low-latency requirement data packet queue depth refers to the number or total number of bytes of low-latency requirement data packets (i.e., data packets belonging to latency-sensitive services) waiting to be sent in the AP's internal transmission queue. The MAC layer or network layer module inside the AP will count and report its queue depth for low-latency services in real time. Similar to high-priority queue depth, but this metric focuses more on a wider range of latency-sensitive services. Queue depth directly contributes to end-to-end latency and is the key to latency optimization.

[0094] (3) Low-latency application proportion refers to the percentage of low-latency application traffic (such as online game data, AR / VR interactive data) in the total traffic currently carried by the AP. Traffic is classified and statistically analyzed using deep packet inspection technology or based on preset ports and protocols. The higher the proportion, the stronger the AP's dependence on latency-sensitive services, and the greater the overall latency benefit brought by SR optimization, because the optimization effect can benefit a larger proportion of latency-sensitive traffic.

[0095] (4) Low-latency requirement client percentage refers to the proportion of clients running or primarily running low-latency requirement services out of the total number of clients associated with the AP. This is statistically analyzed by identifying the client (e.g., based on MAC address, device type) and associating it with the type of service it runs. It reflects the importance of the AP to latency-sensitive users. The higher the percentage, the greater the urgency for the AP to optimize latency, and the greater the potential to improve user experience through SR (Service Response).

[0096] (5) AP transmission aggregation degree refers to the number of data packets aggregated (i.e., packaged) by the AP in a single wireless transmission. For example, the IEEE 802.11n / ac / ax standard supports Aggregated MAC Protocol Data Unit (A-MPDU) and Aggregated MAC Service Data Unit (A-MSDU). The AP's MAC layer is configured and this metric is statistically analyzed in real time. High aggregation degree can improve transmission efficiency, reduce protocol overhead, and thus increase overall throughput. However, for latency-sensitive services, high aggregation degree may increase the latency of individual data packets because the data packets need to wait for more data packets to be aggregated within the AP before they can be sent together. Therefore, for latency-sensitive services, it may be necessary to reduce the aggregation degree to reduce queuing latency. SR can improve the channel environment so that the AP can still maintain a high effective throughput when reducing the aggregation degree, thus achieving a balance between efficiency and latency.

[0097] (6) AP retransmission limit refers to the maximum number of retransmissions allowed by the AP for a single data packet. If the data packet is still not successfully transmitted after this limit is reached, it will be discarded. It can be obtained through the AP's MAC layer configuration parameters. The retransmission limit directly affects the packet loss rate and latency. For latency-sensitive services, an excessively high retransmission limit will significantly increase the end-to-end latency of the data packet due to multiple retransmissions; while an excessively low retransmission limit may cause the data packet to be discarded prematurely when the link quality is poor, increasing the packet loss rate. Through SR optimization, the wireless link quality can be improved and the retransmission requirement can be reduced, thereby allowing the AP to set a more reasonable (potentially lower) retransmission limit to optimize latency while maintaining a low packet loss rate.

[0098] When the time delay gain is used as the expected SR gain, an expected SR gain estimate can be designed to follow the changes in these index values.

[0099] For example, from the above relevant indicators, select two: the average end-to-end latency of current latency-sensitive services and the queue depth of low-latency requirement data packets, as statistically analyzed by the AP. The SR gain estimation formula is designed as follows:

[0100]

[0101] Where α and β are weights; in the above formula, the average (average end-to-end latency of latency-sensitive services / maximum tolerable latency) is the average end-to-end latency of latency-sensitive services counted by the two member APs in the target AP pair, divided by the maximum tolerable latency, and then averaged. The average proportion of low latency requirement data packets is the queue depth of each AP's own low latency requirement data packets divided by the total queue depth and then averaged.

[0102] Since the indices used in the formula are all basically positively correlated with the time delay gain, the gain estimation formula obtained by normalizing the dimensions and then weighting and summing can accurately reflect the magnitude of the time delay gain.

[0103] Based on the above example, the following is a way to construct an scalable delay gain estimation formula: Select preset performance indicators that are strongly correlated with latency gain. These indicators are not limited to the two in the example above. The proportion of low-latency applications, the proportion of clients requiring low latency, AP transmission aggregation degree, and AP retransmission limit (number of times) can also be used to calculate latency gain. Normalize each indicator to unify the dimensions, and perform a weighted summation operation on the normalized indicators by configuring weight coefficients to obtain the latency gain estimate. The calculation method of the gain estimate is not limited to weighted summation. It can also adopt a cumulative multiplication operation or a mixed operation method of multiplying some indicators and then adding them with other indicators.

[0104] For example, suppose the two member APs in the target AP pair are AP1 and AP2. The proportion of low-latency applications in AP1 is... R 1. The proportion of low-latency applications using AP2 is: R 2. Regarding R 1 and R 2. Perform normalization processing, and let the normalized values ​​be respectively R 1' and R 2'.

[0105] Suppose that the number of clients associated with AP1 in the target AP pair that require low latency is . C 1. The total number of clients associated with AP1 is T 1; The low latency requirement for AP2 association is the number of clients. C 2. The total number of clients associated with AP2 is T 2. Therefore, the low latency requirement for AP1 is the percentage of clients. C 1 / T 1. AP2's low latency requirement is that the client percentage is [missing information]. C 2 / T 2. Similarly, normalize these two proportions to obtain the normalized values ​​as follows: C 1' and C 2'.

[0106] Suppose the AP transmission aggregation degree requirement for the target AP pair is the number of clients. A 1; The AP transmission aggregation degree associated with AP2 is A 2. Regarding A 1 and A 2. After normalization, the normalized values ​​are as follows: A 1' and A 2'.

[0107] Assume the AP retransmission limit in the target AP pair is . B 1; AP retransmission restrictions associated with AP2 are as follows: B 2. Regarding B 1 and B 2. After normalization, the normalized values ​​are as follows: B 1' and B 2'.

[0108] By incorporating the proportion of low-latency applications, the proportion of clients requiring low latency, AP transmission aggregation, and AP retransmission limits, the new calculation formula can be designed as follows:

[0109] in α 2. β 2. γ 2. δ 2, ν2, and ζ1 are weighting coefficients. By adjusting these weighting coefficients, the influence of each indicator in the calculation of time delay gain can be flexibly adjusted. This represents the average of the proportions of low-latency applications after normalization of the two A values. This indicates that the average percentage of clients requiring low latency is taken after normalization for the two access points. This indicates that the average transmission aggregation degree after normalization of the two APs is taken. This represents the average of the AP retransmission limits after normalization of the two APs, thus comprehensively reflecting the overall low-latency application performance of the APs.

[0110] By applying the four indicators of low-latency application ratio, low-latency requirement client ratio, AP transmission aggregation degree, and AP retransmission limit to the calculation of latency gain in the above way, we can more comprehensively and accurately reflect the situation of latency-sensitive services, more accurately characterize the mapping relationship between latency gain and each indicator, and effectively quantify the difference in latency gain of different target APs during collaboration, thereby providing a basis for enabling and configuring SR function.

[0111] In some embodiments, the calculation step of the throughput gain includes: Based on at least one of the following indicators in the candidate AP pair set: inter-AP interference energy value, overlapping basic service set (BSS) channel occupancy rate, AP's own channel occupancy rate, AP traffic volume, number of data packets in the AP buffer queue, number of clients associated with the AP, number of spatial streams used by the AP itself for transmission, and Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) associated with the AP and the client, the throughput gain is obtained by normalization and then by weighted summation / or cumulative multiplication.

[0112] For example, throughput gain aims to quantify the benefits that can be gained by optimizing the overall network throughput through SR. Its calculation is based on several key metrics that directly reflect the interference between APs, channel utilization, and the AP's own transmission capacity and load.

[0113] (1) Inter-AP interference energy value, which measures the intensity of mutual interference between target AP pairs. Channel energy detection (ED) values ​​can be obtained through the AP's CCA (Clear Channel Assessment) mechanism, or through a dedicated interference detection algorithm combined with inter-AP RSSI, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), etc. for comprehensive evaluation. The higher the interference energy value, the more severe the mutual interference, and the greater the potential throughput gain that can be brought about by reducing this interference through SR. Reducing interference energy through SR can effectively improve the signal-to-noise ratio (SINR), thereby allowing APs to use higher modulation and coding schemes (MCS), and thus significantly improve throughput.

[0114] (2) Overlapping Basic Service Set (BSS) channel occupancy rate refers to the percentage of busy time on the same or overlapping channel caused by other APs (especially APs in overlapping BSSs). High occupancy rate indicates severe channel congestion, high potential interference, and frequent conflicts between APs competing for channel resources. APs use Channel State Information (CSI) or channel utilization statistics reported in their management frames (such as Beacon frames). High occupancy rate means scarce channel resources and intense competition, making it difficult for APs to obtain transmission opportunities. SR (Streaming Service) allows simultaneous transmission under specific conditions, making more efficient use of the channel and thus improving overall throughput.

[0115] (3) AP’s own channel occupancy rate refers to the proportion of time that the AP itself occupies on the channel for sending and receiving data. It can be obtained through statistics from the MAC layer inside the AP. It reflects the AP’s own load and activity level. A high occupancy rate may mean that the AP is close to its throughput limit. Some of its traffic can be diverted through SR or its transmission strategy can be optimized to improve its effective throughput.

[0116] (4) AP traffic volume refers to the total traffic currently carried by the AP (including uplink and downlink traffic), usually measured in bits per second (bps) or bytes per second (Bps). The AP's traffic statistics module monitors and reports the AP traffic volume in real time. The larger the traffic, the higher the AP's throughput requirement, and the more obvious the benefits of SR optimization. Optimizing the SR of high-traffic APs can have a greater positive impact on the throughput of the entire network.

[0117] (5) The number of data packets in the AP buffer queue refers to the number of data packets waiting to be sent in the AP's internal buffer. This metric is similar to queue depth, but focuses more on the overall data volume rather than a specific priority. This metric can be counted internally by the AP. It reflects the AP's load and potential throughput bottlenecks. Too many data packets in the buffer queue will lead to data backlog and reduce effective throughput. Through SR optimization, data transmission can be accelerated and queue backlog can be reduced.

[0118] (6) Number of clients associated with the AP, referring to the total number of clients currently associated with the AP. This can be obtained from the AP's association table or management module. The more clients there are, the greater the resource requirements for the AP, and the more scheduling and transmission tasks the AP needs to handle. By using SR (Streaming Service) to offload traffic or optimize channel utilization, the average throughput per client can be increased, thereby improving overall performance in a multi-user environment.

[0119] (7) The number of spatial streams used by the AP itself refers to the actual number of spatial streams used by the AP in multiple-input multiple-output transmission. The more spatial streams, the higher the theoretical throughput, reflecting the AP's transmission capacity. Data can be obtained based on the AP's hardware capabilities and current configuration (such as dynamically adjusting the number of spatial streams according to channel quality). In environments with severe interference, the AP may be forced to reduce the number of spatial streams to ensure transmission reliability. SR can help the AP reduce interference in certain situations, thereby enabling it to use more spatial streams for transmission, or avoid reducing the number of spatial streams due to interference, thereby improving throughput.

[0120] (8) Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) associated with the AP and the client refers to the signal strength received by the AP from its associated client, or the signal strength received by the client from the AP. RSSI is a basic indicator for measuring the quality of a wireless link. The higher the RSSI, the better the link quality and the higher the potential throughput. The wireless module of the AP or the client measures and reports this indicator. Through SR optimization, it is possible to ensure that the client communicates with an AP with better link quality, or to indirectly improve the effective RSSI of the existing link by reducing interference, thereby improving throughput.

[0121] When throughput gain is used as the expected SR gain, an expected SR gain estimate can be designed to follow changes in these metric values.

[0122] For example, from the above relevant indicators, four factors are selected: inter-AP interference, AP's own channel occupancy rate, overlapping BSS channel occupancy rate, and AP traffic volume. The SR gain estimation formula is set as follows:

[0123]

[0124] in , , The weights are used for different metrics; due to the different dimensions of the metrics used, normalization is required to unify the dimensions. In the above formula, "average inter-AP interference" refers to the average interference energy value measured by each member AP in the target AP pair from another member AP, which is normalized by dividing this value by the maximum interference energy value. The channel occupancy rate metric is the percentage of time the channel is busy within a specific time period. In the above formula, "average channel occupancy rate" is the average of the sum of the local BSS channel occupancy rate and the overlapping BSS channel occupancy rate for each AP. The "average normalized traffic size" in the above formula is the average traffic of each member AP in the AP pair over a period of time, normalized by dividing by the negotiated maximum rate. Since the indicators used in the formula are all positively correlated with the throughput gain, the gain estimation formula obtained by normalizing the units and then weighting and summing can accurately reflect the magnitude of the throughput gain.

[0125] Based on the example above, the following is a method for constructing a scalable throughput gain estimation formula: Select preset performance indicators that are strongly correlated with throughput gain. These indicators are not limited to the four indicators in the example above. The number of data packets in the AP buffer queue, the number of clients associated with the AP, the number of spatial streams used by the AP itself for transmission, and the Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) associated with the AP and the client can also be used to calculate priority gain. Normalize each indicator to unify the units of measurement, and perform a weighted summation operation on the normalized indicators by configuring weight coefficients to obtain the throughput gain estimate. The calculation method of the gain estimate is not limited to weighted summation. It can also use a cumulative multiplication operation or a mixed operation method of multiplying some indicators and then adding them with other indicators.

[0126] For example, suppose the two member APs in the target AP pair are AP1 and AP2. For AP1, the number of packets in its buffer queue is... Q 1. The number of packets in AP2's buffer queue is Q 2. Regarding Q 1 and Q 2. Perform normalization processing, and let the normalized values ​​be respectively Q 1' and Q 2'.

[0127] Let the number of associated clients of the AP in the target AP pair be... N 1. The number of associated clients measured by AP2 is N 2. Similarly, first... L 1 and L 2. Perform normalization to obtain N 1' and N 2'.

[0128] Let the number of space streams used by the member APs in the target AP pair for their own transmissions be . S 1. The number of spatial streams used by AP2 for its own transmission is measured to be... S 2. Similarly, first... S 1 and S 2. Perform normalization to obtain S 1' and S 2'.

[0129] Suppose that the Received Signal Strength Indication (RSSI) measured by AP1 in the target AP pair and associated with the client is... T 1. The Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) measured by AP2 and associated with the client is: T 2. Similarly, first... T 1 and T 2. Perform normalization to obtain T 1' and T 2'.

[0130] The new calculation formula can be designed to take into account the number of packets in the AP's buffer queue, the number of clients associated with the AP, the number of spatial streams used by the AP itself for transmission, and the Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) associated with the AP and clients:

[0131] in α 3. β 3. γ 3. δ 3, ν3, ζ2, and η1 are weighting coefficients. By adjusting these weighting coefficients, the influence of each indicator in the priority gain calculation can be flexibly adjusted.

[0132] By applying the above methods to the calculation of throughput gain, the four indicators of the number of data packets in the AP buffer queue, the number of clients associated with the AP, the number of spatial streams used by the AP itself, and the Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) associated with the AP and the client can more comprehensively and accurately reflect the throughput service situation, more accurately characterize the mapping relationship between throughput gain and each indicator, and effectively quantify the difference in throughput gain of different target APs when cooperating, thus providing a basis for enabling and configuring SR function.

[0133] In addition, in mixed business scenarios such as smart hospitals, APs carry services such as operating room instrument monitoring, emergency calls at the triage desk, remote consultation, and synchronization of medical images and electronic medical records. When a unified AP has more than one of the following services: high-priority service, latency-sensitive service, and throughput service, the priority gain, latency gain, and throughput gain are combined into a comprehensive gain according to preset weights, and the AP is selected based on this comprehensive gain.

[0134] For example, when the same AP simultaneously hosts high-priority services, latency-sensitive services, and throughput-sensitive services, a gain fusion strategy is adopted, requiring a comprehensive evaluation of the expected SR gain. Specifically: Based on the above embodiments, the target AP pairs are calculated independently. Gain 优先级 , Gain 时延 , Gain 吞吐量 Three types of gains were identified, and a gain fusion formula was constructed:

[0135]

[0136] in, ω 1 represents a high-priority business weight. ω 2 represents the weight of latency-sensitive services. ω 1+ ω 2=1, λ The balance coefficient between real-time services (high-priority services, latency-sensitive services) and throughput services is 0 ≤ λ ≤1 allows for dynamic adjustment of the optimization priority between real-time and throughput services based on network congestion levels. (Setting) Gain 吞吐量 The minimum safety threshold τ0.

[0137] Specifically, the importance of real-time services and throughput services may differ under different levels of network congestion. For example, in a high-congestion environment, real-time services may need to be given higher priority, and the λ value can be set higher; while in a low-congestion environment, the importance of throughput services may increase, and the λ value can be appropriately reduced.

[0138] ω 1 and ω 2 is used to balance the importance of high-priority services and latency-sensitive services in the overall gain. Since they are both real-time services, their weights sum to 1.

[0139] While throughput services do not have high real-time requirements, they have a significant impact on overall network performance. By setting a minimum safety threshold τ0, it is possible to avoid excessively sacrificing the performance of throughput services when optimizing real-time services. Gain 吞吐量 If τ < 0, it indicates that the performance of throughput services is below the safety threshold, requiring adjustments to the optimization strategy, prioritizing improvements to throughput services. Gain 吞吐量 If ≥τ0, it means that the performance of throughput services is within an acceptable range, and real-time services can be further optimized.

[0140] This design can comprehensively cover the needs of mixed services, flexibly balance the needs of different services, ensure that the performance of real-time services is guaranteed during the optimization process, and does not excessively sacrifice the performance of throughput services. It is also compatible with the gain calculation module of the above embodiment, providing a refined decision-making basis for SR collaboration.

[0141] The weights involved in the above embodiments can be adjusted based on experience or testing.

[0142] For example, adjustments can be made by combining expert experience, network simulation, and actual testing. Specifically, based on the experience of network engineers and business experts, the importance of different indicators can be assessed and assigned values ​​according to actual network operation data, equipment capabilities, and business requirements. Different business scenarios can be run in a simulation environment, and the weight of an indicator can be determined by changing individual indicators and observing their impact on overall QoS. Small-scale A / B testing can be conducted in a real network to compare performance under different weight configurations. Furthermore, for some indicators, their impact on gain may not be linear. Historical network performance data and user satisfaction data can be used as training sets, and regression analysis or other machine learning algorithms can be used to learn and optimize the weights, enabling them to predict the optimal SR gain.

[0143] In some embodiments, the method further includes: The selected target AP pair is packaged into an SR decision message and sent to each AP, so that each AP can parse the SR decision message. If it determines that it is a member AP of the target AP pair, the SR function is configured to only take effect when communicating with another member AP in the target AP pair; if it determines that it is not a member AP of the target AP pair, the SR function is turned off.

[0144] For example, the SR decision message includes: the member identifier of the target AP pair, the effective SR or effective conditions of the member AP, and a verification field for verifying message integrity.

[0145] The member identifier field of the target AP pair contains unique identifiers for the two APs selected as the target AP pair, which can be the AP's MAC address, the AP's logical name, or its IP address.

[0146] The "Member AP SR Activation Condition" is the core instruction part of the SR decision message, indicating when and how the member APs in the target AP pair should enable the SR function. This field may contain the following detailed parameters: (a) SR function enable flag: A boolean value that explicitly indicates whether the SR function is enabled or disabled.

[0147] (b) SR Mode: Indicates the type of SR mechanism to be used. For example, whether OBSS PD is enabled, and the specific CCA threshold adjustment parameters.

[0148] (c) Effective time: indicates whether the SR function takes effect immediately or at a specific time, allowing the first AP to pre-schedule.

[0149] (d) Expiration time: The time at which the SR function automatically expires can be selected. It can be used for temporary SR configuration or automatically restored during the periodic re-evaluation cycle.

[0150] (e) Specify OBSS Identifier: Indicates that the SR function should only be effective for traffic from a specific OBSS. This parameter can contain one or more BSSIDs (i.e., the MAC address of the AP), each BSSID in the list representing an OBSS. When a member AP receives traffic from its specified OBSS, it enables the SR mechanism; when it receives traffic from an OBSS not specified in the list, it performs the normal backoff mechanism.

[0151] The verification field used to verify message integrity is a check (such as CRC) and / or a digital signature, which is used to ensure that the SR decision message is not tampered with or damaged during transmission, thus ensuring the reliability and security of signaling.

[0152] For example, the method includes the following steps: First, the selected target AP pair is packaged into an SR decision message and transmitted via the extended fields of the wireless LAN protocol. Specifically, this message can be carried based on the extended fields of the IEEE 802.11k or IEEE 802.11v protocol and embedded in a Beacon frame or Action frame. The IEEE 802.11k protocol provides the ability to measure and report wireless resource utilization, neighbor AP information, and channel load, providing data support for collaborative decision-making among APs; the IEEE 802.11v protocol supports network management functions (such as client roaming assistance and BSS transition management), enabling efficient information exchange between APs.

[0153] After each AP receives the SR decision message, it will parse the message content and perform the following operations: If it determines that it is a member AP of the target AP pair, the SR function is enabled so that it only takes effect when communicating with the other member AP in the AP pair (i.e., SR is only enabled when the two parties are interacting, so as to avoid interference with non-member APs). If it determines that it does not belong to the collaborative AP pair, the SR function is turned off to prevent performance degradation caused by unrelated APs participating in the collaboration.

[0154] Through the above process, the effective scope of SR function can be precisely controlled, which can both leverage the efficiency advantage of collaborative space reuse and avoid the problem of multiple AP interference superposition.

[0155] All of the above technical solutions can be combined in any way to form optional embodiments of this application, and will not be described in detail here.

[0156] This application embodiment is applied to the first AP in a wireless network containing multiple access points (APs). The method involves identifying a set of candidate AP pairs among the multiple APs in the wireless network; based on the service scenarios of each AP in the wireless network, selecting the target AP pair with the largest expected spatial reuse (SR) gain from the candidate AP pair set according to the priority of the service scenarios; the service scenarios include at least one of priority service scenarios, latency service scenarios, and throughput service scenarios; packaging the selected target AP pair into an SR decision message and sending it to each AP; the SR decision message is configured so that member APs in the target AP pair only enable the SR function for another member AP in the target AP pair, while the SR function is disabled for the remaining APs. This application embodiment identifies multiple APs in the wireless network and constructs a set of candidate AP pairs, then accurately selects the target AP pair with the largest expected spatial reuse (SR) gain for coordinated SR based on the priority of the service scenarios carried by each AP. Through the optimal target AP pair selection strategy, the accurate activation of the SR function and effective avoidance of interference are achieved, effectively improving network performance.

[0157] To facilitate better implementation of the wireless access point selection method of this application, this application also provides a wireless access point selection device. Please refer to... Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a wireless access point selection device provided in an embodiment of this application. The wireless access point selection device 200 is applied to a first AP in a wireless network containing multiple access points (APs), and the wireless access point selection device 200 may include: The identification unit 210 is used to identify a set of candidate AP pairs among the multiple APs in the wireless network; Selection unit 220 is used to select the target AP pair with the largest expected spatial reuse SR gain from the candidate AP pair set according to the service scenarios of each AP in the wireless network and in order of service scenario priority. The service scenarios include at least one of priority service scenarios, latency service scenarios and throughput service scenarios. Processing unit 230 is configured to package the selected target AP pair into an SR decision message and send it to each AP. The SR decision message is configured such that member APs in the target AP pair enable the SR function only for another member AP in the target AP pair, and disable the SR function for the remaining APs.

[0158] In some embodiments, the selection unit 220 is configured to: Identify the service scenarios of each AP in the wireless network; Based on the aforementioned business scenario, and in accordance with the priority order of priority gain, latency gain, and throughput gain, the target AP pair with the largest expected SR gain is selected from the candidate AP pair set through multi-level screening until the number of remaining pairable APs is less than 2 or there are no pairable APs.

[0159] In some embodiments, the selection unit 220 is configured to, based on the business scenario, select the target AP pair with the largest expected SR gain from the candidate AP pair set through multi-level filtering in the order of priority gain, latency gain, and throughput gain, including: If at least one of the multiple APs has high-priority services or high-priority traffic, then the preset SR gain is determined as the priority gain, and the first target AP pair with the largest priority gain is selected from the candidate AP pair set; or If no high-priority service or high-priority traffic exists among the multiple APs, but at least one of the multiple APs has a latency-sensitive service or latency-sensitive traffic, then the preset SR gain is determined as the latency gain, and the second target AP pair with the largest latency gain is selected from the candidate AP pair set; or If there are no high-priority services or high-priority traffic among the multiple APs, and there are no latency-sensitive services or latency-sensitive traffic, then the preset SR gain is determined as the throughput gain, and the third target AP pair with the largest throughput gain is selected from the candidate AP pair set.

[0160] In some embodiments, the selection unit 220 includes the following steps for calculating the priority gain: The priority gain is obtained by normalizing and then calculating it by weighted summation / or cumulative multiplication based on at least one of the following indicators for each candidate AP pair in the candidate AP pair set: the number of high-priority clients, the queue depth of high-priority packets, the retransmission rate of high-priority packets, the packet loss rate of high-priority packets, and the proportion of high-priority applications.

[0161] In some embodiments, the selection unit 220 includes the following steps for calculating the delay gain: Based on at least one of the following indicators for each candidate AP pair in the candidate AP pair set: average end-to-end latency of latency-sensitive services, low-latency requirement packet queue depth, low-latency application ratio, low-latency requirement client ratio, AP transmission aggregation degree, and AP retransmission limit, the latency gain is obtained by normalization and then by weighted summation / or cumulative multiplication.

[0162] In some embodiments, the selection unit 220 includes the following steps for calculating the throughput gain: Based on at least one of the following indicators in the candidate AP pair set: inter-AP interference energy value, overlapping basic service set (BSS) channel occupancy rate, AP's own channel occupancy rate, AP traffic volume, number of data packets in the AP buffer queue, number of clients associated with the AP, number of spatial streams used by the AP itself for transmission, and Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) associated with the AP and the client, the throughput gain is obtained by normalization and then by weighted summation / or cumulative multiplication.

[0163] In some embodiments, the processing unit 230 is further configured to: The selected target AP pair is packaged into an SR decision message and sent to each AP, so that each AP can parse the SR decision message. If it determines that it is a member AP of the target AP pair, the SR function is configured to only take effect when communicating with another member AP in the target AP pair; if it determines that it is not a member AP of the target AP pair, the SR function is turned off.

[0164] In some embodiments, the selection unit 220 is further configured to: When a change in the service scenario of each AP in the wireless network is detected, the target AP pair selection process is re-executed to update the selected target AP pair in real time.

[0165] All of the above technical solutions can be combined in any way to form optional embodiments of this application, and will not be described in detail here.

[0166] It should be understood that the wireless access point selection device embodiments and method embodiments can correspond to each other, and similar descriptions can be referred to the method embodiments. To avoid repetition, further details are omitted here. Specifically, the wireless access point selection device can execute the above-described wireless access point selection method embodiments, and the aforementioned and other operations and / or functions of each unit in the wireless access point selection device respectively implement the corresponding processes of the above-described method embodiments. For the sake of brevity, further details are omitted here.

[0167] Optionally, this application also provides a computer device, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps in the above-described method embodiments.

[0168] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a computer device provided in an embodiment of this application. The computer device may be a terminal or a server. Figure 6 As shown, the computer device 300 may include: a communication interface 301, a memory 302, a processor 303, and a communication bus 304. The communication interface 301, memory 302, and processor 303 communicate with each other via the communication bus 304. The communication interface 301 is used for data communication between the computer device 300 and external devices. The memory 302 can be used to store software programs and modules, and the processor 303 runs the software programs and modules stored in the memory 302, such as the software programs for the corresponding operations in the foregoing method embodiments.

[0169] Optionally, the processor 303 can invoke software programs and modules stored in the memory 302 to perform the following operations: Identify a set of candidate AP pairs among multiple APs in the wireless network; based on the service scenarios of each AP in the wireless network, select the target AP pair with the largest expected spatial reuse SR gain from the set of candidate AP pairs in order of service scenario priority, wherein the service scenario includes at least one of priority service scenario, latency service scenario and throughput service scenario; package the selected target AP pair into an SR decision message and send it to each AP, wherein the SR decision message is configured such that member APs in the target AP pair enable the SR function only for another member AP in the target AP pair, and disable the SR function for the remaining APs.

[0170] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps in the various methods of the above embodiments can be performed by instructions, or by instructions controlling related hardware. These instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium and loaded and executed by a processor.

[0171] Therefore, embodiments of this application provide a computer-readable storage medium storing multiple computer programs that can be loaded by a processor to execute the steps of any of the wireless access point selection methods provided in embodiments of this application. Specific implementations of the above operations can be found in the preceding embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0172] The storage medium may include: read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), disk or optical disk, etc.

[0173] Since the computer program stored in the storage medium can execute the steps of any of the wireless access point selection methods provided in the embodiments of this application, the beneficial effects that any of the wireless access point selection methods provided in the embodiments of this application can achieve can be realized. For details, please refer to the previous embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0174] This application also provides a computer program product, which includes computer instructions stored in a computer-readable storage medium. A processor of a computer device reads the computer instructions from the computer-readable storage medium and executes the computer instructions, causing the computer device to perform the corresponding process in any of the wireless access point selection methods described in this application. For simplicity, further details are omitted here.

[0175] This application also provides a computer program comprising computer instructions stored in a computer-readable storage medium. A processor of a computer device reads the computer instructions from the computer-readable storage medium and executes the computer instructions, causing the computer device to perform the corresponding process in any of the wireless access point selection methods described in this application. For simplicity, further details are omitted here.

[0176] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method of wireless access point selection, the method comprising: A method applied to a first access point (AP) in a wireless network comprising a plurality of APs, the method comprising: identifying a set of candidate AP pairs from the plurality of APs in the wireless network; selecting a target AP pair with a maximum expected spatial reuse (SR) gain from the set of candidate AP pairs in order of SR gain priority based on traffic scenarios of the APs in the wireless network, the traffic scenarios including at least one of a priority traffic scenario, a latency traffic scenario, and a throughput traffic scenario; packaging the selected target AP pair into an SR decision message and sending the SR decision message to the APs, the SR decision message configured to enable SR function for a member AP of the target AP pair only to another member AP of the target AP pair and disable SR function for the rest of the APs.

2. The wireless access point selection method of claim 1, wherein, The selecting a target AP pair with a maximum expected spatial reuse (SR) gain from the set of candidate AP pairs in order of SR gain priority based on traffic scenarios of the APs in the wireless network comprises: identifying traffic scenarios of the APs in the wireless network; selecting a target AP pair with a maximum expected SR gain from the set of candidate AP pairs in order of SR gain priority based on the traffic scenarios by multi-stage screening until a number of remaining pairable APs is less than 2 or there is no pairable AP, the SR gain priority being in an order of priority gain, latency gain, and throughput gain.

3. The wireless access point selection method of claim 2, wherein, The selecting a target AP pair with a maximum expected SR gain from the set of candidate AP pairs in order of SR gain priority based on the traffic scenarios by multi-stage screening comprises: if at least one of the APs has high-priority traffic or high-priority flow, determining a preset SR gain as the priority gain and selecting a first target AP pair with a maximum priority gain from the set of candidate AP pairs; or if none of the APs has high-priority traffic or high-priority flow, but at least one of the APs has latency-sensitive traffic or latency-sensitive flow, determining the preset SR gain as the latency gain and selecting a second target AP pair with a maximum latency gain from the set of candidate AP pairs; or if none of the APs has high-priority traffic or high-priority flow, and none of the APs has latency-sensitive traffic or latency-sensitive flow, determining the preset SR gain as the throughput gain and selecting a third target AP pair with a maximum throughput gain from the set of candidate AP pairs.

4. The wireless access point selection method of claim 3, wherein, The calculating the priority gain comprises: calculating the priority gain by weighted summation or multiplication after normalization based on at least one of a number of high-priority clients, a queue depth of high-priority data packets, a retransmission rate of high-priority packets, a packet loss rate of high-priority packets, and a high-priority application proportion in each candidate AP pair in the set of candidate AP pairs.

5. The wireless access point selection method of claim 3, wherein, The calculating the latency gain comprises: The time delay gain is calculated by normalization and weighted summation or multiplication of at least one of the following indicators of each candidate AP pair in the candidate AP pair set: average end-to-end time delay of time delay sensitive service, low time delay requirement data packet queue depth, low time delay application proportion, low time delay requirement client proportion, AP transmission aggregation degree, and AP retransmission limit.

6. The wireless access point selection method of claim 3, wherein, The throughput gain calculation step comprises: The throughput gain is calculated by normalization and weighted summation or multiplication of at least one of the following indicators of each candidate AP pair in the candidate AP pair set: inter-AP interference energy value, overlapping basic service set (OBSS) channel occupancy rate, AP self channel occupancy rate, AP traffic size, number of data packets in the AP cache queue, number of associated clients of the AP, number of spatial streams used by the AP itself for transmission, and received signal strength indication (RSSI) of the AP and the client.

7. The wireless access point selection method of claim 1, wherein, The method further comprises: The selected target AP pair is packaged into an SR decision message and sent to each AP, so that each AP analyzes the SR decision message, and if it is determined that the AP is a member AP of the target AP pair, the SR function is configured to be effective only when communicating with the other member AP of the target AP pair; if it is determined that the AP is not a member AP of the target AP pair, the SR function is turned off.

8. The wireless access point selection method of claim 1, wherein, The method further comprises: When a change in the service scenario of each AP in the wireless networking is detected, the target AP pair selection process is re-executed to update the selected target AP pair in real time.

9. A computer device, comprising: The computer device comprises a processor and a memory, and the memory stores a computer program. The processor is configured to execute the wireless access point selection method according to any one of claims 1-8 by calling the computer program stored in the memory.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer readable storage medium stores a computer program, and the computer program is adapted to be loaded by a processor to execute the wireless access point selection method according to any one of claims 1-8.

11. A computer program product comprising computer instructions, characterized in that, The computer instructions are executed by the processor to implement the wireless access point selection method according to any one of claims 1-8.

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