Vehicle-mounted charging device and electric vehicle

Abstract

According to the vehicle-mounted charging device and the electric vehicle, when the charging socket is connected with the single-phase alternating current power supply, the single-phase vehicle-mounted charger is used for charging the power battery of the electric vehicle, and the alternating current provided by the single-phase alternating current power supply is converted into the direct current suitable for charging the electric vehicle; when the charging socket is connected with the three-phase alternating current power supply, the added power conversion circuit and the single-phase OBC in the single-phase vehicle-mounted charger work cooperatively, so that the charging socket is compatible with the three-phase alternating current power supply, and the three-phase alternating current power supply is used for charging a power battery of an electric vehicle, and therefore, the charging efficiency is improved without redesigning a shell structure and under the constraint of low cost. And high-efficiency compatibility of single-phase / three-phase alternating current and the electric vehicle is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of electric vehicle power supply, and in particular to an on-board charging device and an electric vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of the new energy vehicle industry, the domestic market generally adopts an all-in-one design integrating a single-phase on-board charger (OBC) with the electric drive system to adapt to the domestic 220V single-phase AC charging scenario and reduce system costs. However, in the process of new energy vehicles going global, overseas markets (such as Europe) have low coverage of DC fast charging piles and home power grids that support three-phase AC power (such as 380V three-phase), requiring the configuration of high-power three-phase OBCs to meet the needs of users building their own charging piles. Currently, the all-in-one systems of domestic models are usually based on single-phase OBC designs. If directly replaced with a three-phase OBC, the size of its three-phase rectifier module, multi-channel power factor correction (PFC) circuit, and filter components will increase significantly, leading to the risk of mutual interference with the layout of integrated components such as the motor controller and voltage converter. Furthermore, the housing structure needs to be redesigned and the heat dissipation system upgraded, significantly increasing development costs and time. Furthermore, the high power characteristics of three-phase OBCs require synchronous adaptation of the electric drive system's bus capacitors, wiring harnesses, and thermal management modules. This necessitates reselecting the powertrain and verifying electromagnetic compatibility, control algorithms, and vibration reliability, significantly increasing testing complexity. Therefore, achieving efficient compatibility between single-phase / three-phase OBCs and multi-function electric drive systems without redesigning the housing structure and while adhering to low-cost constraints has become a pressing issue for the promotion of new energy vehicles. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides an on-board charging device and an electric vehicle. When the charging socket is connected to a three-phase AC power supply, the device works in conjunction with a single-phase OBC through an added power conversion circuit, making it compatible with three-phase AC power. The device then uses the three-phase AC power to charge the electric vehicle's power battery, thereby achieving efficient compatibility between single-phase / three-phase AC power and the electric vehicle without redesigning the housing structure or being constrained by low cost.

[0004] In a first aspect, this application provides an on-board charging device, comprising: a single-phase on-board charger, a power conversion circuit, and a charging socket, wherein: the single-phase on-board charger includes a housing and a first single-phase OBC circuit, the housing is used to house the first single-phase OBC circuit, the housing includes a first AC input port and a first DC output port, when the charging socket is connected to a single-phase AC power source, the first single-phase OBC circuit is used to receive power from the single-phase AC power source through the first DC output port, and convert the AC power output from the single-phase AC power source to charge the power battery of the electric vehicle through the first DC output port, when the charging socket is connected to a three-phase AC power source, the first single-phase OBC circuit and the power conversion circuit jointly receive power from the three-phase AC power source, and convert the AC power output from the three-phase AC power source to charge the power battery.

[0005] By establishing a collaborative working mechanism between the external power conversion circuit and the internal single-phase OBC circuit, efficient utilization of three-phase AC power is achieved while avoiding modifications to the existing casing structure. When the charging socket is connected to a three-phase AC power source, the first single-phase OBC circuit handles one phase, while the newly added power conversion circuit handles the remaining two phases. The two circuits are connected in parallel or cascade to integrate the electrical energy into the DC power required by the battery, thus ensuring compatibility with both single-phase and three-phase charging scenarios. This design not only reduces the cost increase caused by redesigning the casing but also reduces the need for wiring harnesses and mounting brackets, aligning with the trend of integrated electric vehicle components. Furthermore, through flexible control strategies, the system can support seamless switching between different charging infrastructures, from household sockets to public fast-charging stations, improving the overall system's compatibility and flexibility, enabling electric vehicles to operate efficiently in various charging environments. This solution effectively improves charging efficiency and enhances the user experience.

[0006] As one possible implementation, the power conversion circuit includes a second single-phase OBC circuit and a third single-phase OBC circuit. When the charging socket is connected to a three-phase AC power supply, the first single-phase OBC circuit, the second single-phase OBC circuit, and the third single-phase OBC circuit jointly receive power from the three-phase AC power supply and convert the AC power output from the three-phase AC power supply to charge the power battery.

[0007] Each single-phase OBC circuit independently processes one phase of AC power. The three-phase power is converted into DC power through its own single-phase OBC circuit. The switching frequency of each single-phase OBC circuit is synchronized by the vehicle control to ensure the stability of the parallel output.

[0008] As one possible implementation, the power conversion circuit includes a dual-phase OBC circuit. When the charging socket is connected to a three-phase AC power source, the first single-phase OBC circuit and the dual-phase OBC circuit jointly receive power from the three-phase AC power source and convert the AC power output from the three-phase AC power source to charge the power battery.

[0009] A dual-phase OBC consists of two independent single-phase OBC circuits integrated into the same circuit. The input terminals include a dual-phase positive terminal, with one phase connected to the second and third phase lines of a three-phase AC power supply. The common negative terminal is connected to the neutral line. The two single-phase converted DC power supplies are output in parallel. The dual-phase OBC circuit processes two-phase AC power, forming a three-phase split-phase processing system with the first single-phase OBC.

[0010] As one possible implementation, the power conversion circuit includes a line voltage OBC circuit. When the charging socket is connected to a three-phase AC power source, the first single-phase OBC circuit and the line voltage OBC circuit jointly receive power from the three-phase AC power source and convert the AC power output from the three-phase AC power source to charge the power battery.

[0011] The line voltage OBC circuit operates by directly connecting two phases and utilizing the voltage difference between them. The line voltage OBC circuit connects to the second and third phase lines through its positive and negative line voltage terminals, respectively, thereby directly utilizing the line voltage between the two phases for conversion.

[0012] As one possible implementation, the power conversion circuit is used to step down the high-voltage DC output from the power battery and then supply power to the load or a low-voltage battery. The power conversion circuit converts the high-voltage DC provided by the power battery into low-voltage DC suitable for use by the load (such as the vehicle's electronic control system, lighting system, etc.) or by the low-voltage battery (e.g., a 12V battery used for starting the vehicle, powering the entertainment system, etc.), thereby facilitating user operation and improving the user experience.

[0013] As one possible implementation, the charging socket includes: a first phase line connection terminal, a second phase line connection terminal, a third phase line connection terminal, and a neutral line connection terminal, wherein the first single-phase OBC circuit includes a first input positive terminal and a first input negative terminal, the first input positive terminal is connected to the first phase line connection terminal, and the first input negative terminal is connected to the neutral line connection terminal.

[0014] When the charging socket is connected to a three-phase AC power supply, the first single-phase OBC circuit in the single-phase on-board charger works in conjunction with the power conversion circuit, including the second and third single-phase OBC circuits. Each single-phase OBC circuit independently processes one phase of AC power, converting the three-phase power into DC power through its respective single-phase OBC circuit. The three DC power outputs from the first single-phase OBC circuit are connected in parallel through the output terminal of the power conversion circuit, merging into a high-voltage DC power. The merged high-voltage DC power charges the power battery. This connection method is compatible with the structure of various charging sockets, improving compatibility and flexibility, supporting single-phase / three-phase power switching, and adapting to different charging infrastructures.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the charging socket includes: a first phase line connection terminal, a second phase line connection terminal, a third phase line connection terminal, and a neutral line connection terminal. The second single-phase OBC circuit includes a second positive input terminal and a second negative input terminal. The second positive input terminal is connected to the second phase line connection terminal, and the second negative input terminal is connected to the neutral line connection terminal. The third single-phase OBC circuit includes a third positive input terminal and a third negative input terminal. The third positive input terminal is connected to the third phase line connection terminal, and the third negative input terminal is connected to the neutral line connection terminal.

[0016] The above connection method can be compatible with the structure of various charging sockets, improving compatibility and flexibility, supporting single-phase / three-phase power switching, and adapting to different charging infrastructures.

[0017] In one possible implementation, the charging socket includes: a first phase line connection terminal, a second phase line connection terminal, a third phase line connection terminal, and a neutral line connection terminal. The dual-phase OBC circuit includes a fourth positive input terminal, a fifth positive input terminal, a fourth negative input terminal, and a fifth negative input terminal. The fourth positive input terminal is connected to the second phase line connection terminal, the fourth negative input terminal is connected to the neutral line connection terminal, the fifth positive input terminal is connected to the third phase line connection terminal, and the fifth negative input terminal is connected to the neutral line connection terminal.

[0018] The above connection method can be compatible with the structure of various charging sockets, improving compatibility and flexibility, supporting single-phase / three-phase power switching, and adapting to different charging infrastructures.

[0019] In one possible implementation, the charging socket includes: a first phase line connection terminal, a second phase line connection terminal, a third phase line connection terminal, and a neutral line connection terminal. The line voltage OBC circuit includes a line voltage positive terminal and a line voltage negative terminal, with the line voltage positive terminal connected to the second phase line connection terminal and the line voltage negative terminal connected to the third phase line connection terminal.

[0020] The above connection method can be compatible with the structure of various charging sockets, improving compatibility and flexibility, supporting single-phase / three-phase power switching, and adapting to different charging infrastructures.

[0021] As one possible implementation, the two-phase OBC circuit includes: a DC-DC converter circuit, a first two-phase switching bridge arm, a second two-phase switching bridge arm, a first inductor, a second inductor, a first capacitor, and a second capacitor.

[0022] One end of the first inductor is connected to the second phase line connection terminal, and the other end of the first inductor is connected to the midpoint of one phase of the first two-phase switching bridge arm. The neutral line connection terminal is connected to the midpoint of the other phase of the first two-phase switching bridge arm. The first two-phase switching bridge arm and the first capacitor are connected in parallel to the two ends of the DC-DC converter circuit.

[0023] One end of the second inductor is connected to the third phase line connection terminal, and the other end of the second inductor is connected to the midpoint of one phase of the second two-phase switch bridge arm. The neutral line connection terminal is connected to the midpoint of the other phase of the second two-phase switch bridge arm. The first two-phase switch bridge arm and the second capacitor are connected in parallel to the two ends of the DC-DC converter circuit.

[0024] The two-phase OBC circuit converts two phases of a three-phase AC power supply into DC power suitable for charging the battery of an electric vehicle. By using two independent sets of similarly configured switching arms, inductors, and capacitors, the AC-to-DC conversion process can be effectively managed and optimized. Each arm can independently control its corresponding phase current, thereby improving the flexibility and efficiency of the conversion.

[0025] As one possible implementation, the dual-phase OBC circuit includes: a DC-DC converter circuit, a three-phase switching bridge arm, a third inductor, a fourth inductor, and a third capacitor. One end of the third inductor is connected to the second phase line connection terminal, and the other end of the third inductor is connected to the midpoint of the first phase switching bridge arm in the three-phase switching bridge arm. One end of the fourth inductor is connected to the third phase line connection terminal, and the other end of the fourth inductor is connected to the midpoint of the second phase switching bridge arm in the three-phase switching bridge arm. The neutral line connection terminal is connected to the midpoint of the third phase switching bridge arm in the three-phase switching bridge arm. The three-phase switching bridge arm and the third capacitor are connected in parallel to the two ends of the DC-DC converter circuit.

[0026] Since a two-phase switching transistor bridge arm typically includes a pair of high-frequency switching transistors and a pair of power frequency switching transistors, the utilization rate of the pair of power frequency switching transistors in the above structure is relatively low. By using a three-phase switching transistor bridge arm to replace two two-phase switching transistor bridge arms, hardware costs are reduced, circuit complexity is lowered, and device utilization is improved. The neutral line is used as part of the current return path, thereby improving the overall efficiency of the circuit.

[0027] As one possible implementation, in response to the connection between the AC socket and the charging plug of the AC charging station, the vehicle controller controls the first single-phase OBC circuit to charge the power battery at a first set power based on the control guidance handshake information between the AC socket and the charging plug.

[0028] The vehicle controller adjusts the first single-phase OBC circuit to charge the power battery at a predetermined power level based on the control guidance handshake information between the AC socket and the charging plug. This optimizes the charging power according to the actual connection conditions, protecting battery life and improving charging efficiency.

[0029] As one possible implementation, in response to the voltage of the set terminal of the charging socket being within a set voltage range, the vehicle controller controls the power conversion circuit to charge the power battery at a second set power based on the control guidance handshake information between the AC socket and the charging plug.

[0030] By monitoring whether the voltage of the charging socket's set terminal is within a specific range, and based on the control guidance handshake information between the AC socket and the charging gun, the vehicle controller can accurately control the power conversion circuit to charge the power battery with the second set power, ensuring the safety and stability of the charging process and preventing damage or efficiency reduction caused by abnormal voltage.

[0031] Secondly, this application provides an electric vehicle, which includes a power battery and an on-board charging device, wherein the on-board charging device is used to receive AC power from an AC power source and convert it into DC power to charge the power battery. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 A schematic diagram illustrating a scenario of charging a power battery;

[0033] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of an on-board charging device provided in this application Figure 1 ;

[0034] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a charging socket connection provided in this application Figure 1 ;

[0035] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a PFC power circuit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0036] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of an on-board charging device provided in this application Figure 2 ;

[0037] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a charging socket connection provided in this application Figure 1 ;

[0038] Figure 7A A schematic diagram of the structure of an on-board charging device provided in this application Figure 3 ;

[0039] Figure 7B A schematic diagram of a charging socket connection provided in this application Figure 2 ;

[0040] Figure 7C A schematic diagram of a two-phase OBC circuit provided in this application Figure 1 ;

[0041] Figure 7D A schematic diagram of a PFC closed-loop regulation module provided in this application;

[0042] Figure 7E A schematic diagram of PFC closed-loop regulation control provided in this application Figure 1 ;

[0043] Figure 7F A schematic diagram of a two-phase OBC circuit provided in this application Figure 2 ;

[0044] Figure 7G A schematic diagram of PFC closed-loop regulation control provided in this application Figure 2 ;

[0045] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of an on-board charging device provided in this application Figure 3 ;

[0046] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of a charging socket connection provided in this application Figure 3 ;

[0047] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the control flow of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0048] In the embodiments of this application, "or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that two relationships can exist. For example, A or B can represent the case where A exists alone or B exists alone, where A and B can be singular or plural.

[0049] The term "connection" used in this application describes the connection relationship between two objects. It can represent two types of connection relationships. For example, the connection between A and B can represent two situations: A is directly connected to B, and A is connected to B through C.

[0050] In the embodiments of this application, terms such as "exemplary," "in some embodiments," and "in another embodiment" are used to indicate that something is an example, illustration, or description. Any embodiment or design that is described as "exemplary" in this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Rather, the term "exemplary" is used to present the concept in a specific manner.

[0051] It should be noted that the terms "first" and "second" used in the embodiments of this application are only used for descriptive purposes and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or order. The term "equal to" in the embodiments of this application can be used with "greater than" to apply to technical solutions used when "greater than," and can also be used with "less than" to apply to technical solutions used when "less than." It should be noted that when "equal to" is used with "greater than," it is not used with "less than," and vice versa.

[0052] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0053] To facilitate understanding of the embodiments of this application, the terms used in the embodiments of this application will be explained below:

[0054] (1) Single-phase AC refers to a system that uses one phase wire (live wire) and one neutral wire to provide electricity.

[0055] (2) Three-phase alternating current (AC) is a power supply system consisting of three sinusoidal waves with the same frequency but a phase difference of 120 degrees. Each waveform represents a phase, and three phase lines are required to carry the current of each of the three phases respectively.

[0056] (3) On-board charger, mainly converts AC power from external power source into DC power to charge the power battery of electric vehicle. OBC is usually integrated inside the vehicle and directly connected to the power battery of electric vehicle. It is designed to handle input within a specific voltage and current range to ensure safe and efficient charging of battery.

[0057] (4) Connection Confirmation (CC) Signal: This is a functional signal that indicates the status of the vehicle plug being connected to the electric vehicle and / or the power supply plug being connected to the charging equipment, either electronically or mechanically. The port used to transmit the CC signal is the CC port. Based on the "Electric Vehicle Conductive Power Supply System Standard," for AC-charged electric vehicles, the battery management system in the electric vehicle determines the power supply capacity of the charging pile and the type of charging cable connecting the charging pile and the battery management system by comparing the resistance value between the CC port and the battery management system. For DC-charged electric vehicles, the CC port, which transmits the CC signal, is further subdivided into two ports: CC1 and CC2. The CC1 signal is the connection confirmation signal on the charging pile side, and the CC2 signal is the connection confirmation signal on the vehicle side.

[0058] (5) Control pilot (CP) signal: This is a communication signal used to enable interaction and monitoring between the electric vehicle and the electric vehicle power supply equipment during AC charging.

[0059] Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) are hybrid vehicles that can use an external power source to charge their battery. PHEVs have two power systems. Figure 1 A schematic diagram illustrating a power battery charging scenario is provided. Figure 1 As shown, the electric vehicle 10 mainly includes: a charging system 11, a power battery 12, a motor 13, and wheels 14.

[0060] The power battery 12 can be a high-capacity, high-power battery. The power battery 12 can provide electrical energy to some or all of the components of the electric vehicle 10. In some examples, the power battery 12 can consist of one or more rechargeable lithium-ion or lead-acid batteries. Furthermore, the power battery 12 can also use other power materials and configurations, which are not limited here. When the electric vehicle 10 is in motion, the power battery 12 can supply power to the motor 13 via the motor control unit (MCU). The motor 13 converts the electrical energy provided by the power battery 12 into mechanical energy, thereby driving the wheels 14 to rotate, enabling the electric vehicle 10 to move.

[0061] When the electric vehicle 10 is charging, its power battery 12 can generally be charged through the charging station 20. Continuing... Figure 1 As shown, the charging pile 20 mainly includes a power supply circuit ( Figure 1(Not shown in the image) and charging gun 21. One end of the power circuit is connected to the power grid 30, and the other end is connected to the charging gun 21 via a cable. The operator can insert the charging gun 21 into the charging socket 22 of the electric vehicle 10, so that the charging gun 21 is connected to the charging system 11 inside the electric vehicle 10, and the power circuit of the charging pile 20 can then charge the power battery 12 through the charging system 11.

[0062] The charging system 11 of electric vehicle 10 typically adopts an integrated design combining a single-phase on-board charger and the electric drive system. This design is adapted to the domestic 220V single-phase AC power grid environment. The single-phase OBC can directly utilize existing household or public single-phase power supplies, converting AC power to DC power through the charging gun 21 to provide stable charging for the power battery 12. However, when electric vehicle 10 enters overseas markets (such as Europe), the above design faces challenges.

[0063] In regions like Europe, home power grids generally support 380V three-phase AC power, and the coverage of DC fast charging stations is low, leading users to rely on self-built high-power charging stations. In this situation, existing single-phase OBCs are insufficient, necessitating the installation of three-phase OBCs. However, three-phase OBCs require additional configuration of three-phase rectifier modules, multiple power factor correction (PFC) circuits, and filtering components, resulting in a significant increase in size. For example, if an all-in-one design integrates the high-frequency harmonics generated by the rectification in a three-phase OBC, it may affect the stability of the bus capacitors in the electric drive system. Furthermore, increased heat dissipation requirements necessitate a redesign of the housing structure and thermal management modules (such as adding a liquid cooling system), further increasing development costs and timelines.

[0064] In view of this, this application provides an on-board charging device that, when the charging socket is connected to a three-phase AC power supply, works in conjunction with a single-phase OBC through an added power conversion circuit to make it compatible with three-phase AC power supply, and uses the three-phase AC power supply to charge the power battery of the electric vehicle. Thus, without redesigning the housing structure and under the constraint of low cost, it achieves efficient compatibility between single-phase / three-phase AC power and electric vehicles.

[0065] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of an on-board charging device provided in this application Figure 1 See Figure 2 As shown, the on-board charging device 200 includes a single-phase on-board charger 201, a power conversion circuit 202, and a charging socket 203, wherein:

[0066] A single-phase on-board charger 201 includes a housing 2011 and a first single-phase OBC circuit 2012. The housing 204 is used to house the first single-phase OBC circuit and includes a first AC input port 2013 and a first DC output port 2014. When the charging socket 203 is connected to a single-phase AC power source, the first single-phase OBC circuit is used to receive power from the single-phase AC power source through the first DC output port, and convert the AC power output from the single-phase AC power source to charge the power battery 205 of the electric vehicle through the first DC output port.

[0067] When the charging socket 203 is connected to a three-phase AC power source, the first single-phase OBC circuit and the power conversion circuit 202 jointly receive power from the three-phase AC power source and convert the AC power output from the three-phase AC power source to charge the power battery.

[0068] The single-phase on-board charger 201 is used to charge the power battery of electric vehicles. It converts the alternating current (AC) supplied by a single-phase AC power source into direct current (DC) suitable for charging electric vehicles. Since batteries store DC energy, it is necessary to convert the AC power supplied by the single-phase AC power source into DC power suitable for charging electric vehicles. However, most power systems use AC power as the primary power transmission method, while electric vehicle batteries require DC power for charging. Therefore, the single-phase on-board charger 201 is crucial in converting the AC power from the single-phase AC power source into DC power suitable for charging electric vehicles.

[0069] See Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 A connection diagram of a charging socket 203 provided in this application. Figure 1 The charging socket 203 includes: a first phase wire connection terminal 301, a second phase wire connection terminal 302, a third phase wire connection terminal 303, and a neutral wire connection terminal 304;

[0070] The first single-phase OBC circuit includes a first positive input terminal and a first negative input terminal. The first positive input terminal is connected to the first phase line connection terminal 301, and the first negative input terminal is connected to the neutral line connection terminal 304.

[0071] The first phase line connection terminal 301 is equivalent to L1, the second phase line connection terminal 302 is equivalent to L2, and the third phase line connection terminal 303 is equivalent to L3, which respectively correspond to the three live wires (A phase, B phase, and C phase) of the three-phase AC power. The neutral line connection terminal 304 is equivalent to N as a three-phase system.

[0072] The first positive input terminal is connected to the first phase line connection terminal 301, and the first negative input terminal is connected to the neutral line connection terminal 304.

[0073] In addition, the charging socket 203 also includes a CC communication guide pin terminal 305, a CP communication guide pin terminal 306, and a PE ground terminal 307, the specific functions of which will be described in the following embodiments.

[0074] Single-phase AC power mode: When charging socket 203 is connected to a single-phase power source, only terminals L1 and N are used. The first single-phase OBC circuit obtains single-phase AC power (such as 220V) through L1-N, converts it into DC power, and then charges the power battery, which complies with the power grid usage standards.

[0075] The single-phase on-board charger 201 includes a housing 204 and a first single-phase OBC circuit. The first single-phase OBC circuit may include a PFC power circuit and a DC-DC converter circuit. The PFC power circuit can improve the power factor of the circuit, thereby improving the energy utilization efficiency and reducing the burden on the power grid. The principle of a single-phase on-board charger 201 is to convert AC power into DC power suitable for charging electric vehicles. Simultaneously, it improves efficiency, ensures safety, and meets the charging needs of electric vehicles through power factor correction and charging control. The PFC power circuit includes a rectifier circuit and a power factor correction circuit. The rectifier circuit converts AC power to DC power, while the power factor correction circuit improves the power factor of the circuit. The main goal of the power factor correction circuit is to correct the power factor in the circuit to make it as close to 1 as possible. A low power factor leads to energy waste and a burden on the power grid; therefore, improving the power factor through power factor correction is very beneficial. In a PFC power circuit, capacitors, inductors, and control circuits are typically used to manage the phase of current and voltage, thereby improving the power factor. This can be achieved through active PFC or passive PFC technology. The PFC power circuit converts AC power to DC power through a rectifier circuit and improves the power factor of the circuit through a power factor correction circuit.

[0076] DC-DC converters achieve voltage conversion based on the characteristics of inductors and capacitors, as well as the control of switching elements (such as transistors). The main working principle is to periodically open and close the switches, storing the energy of the input source in the inductors and capacitors and converting it into the output voltage. These switching operations lead to the transfer and conversion of energy, realizing the conversion of different voltage levels. DC-DC converters realize the conversion of input voltage to output voltage by controlling switches and energy storage elements (inductors and capacitors), thereby adapting to the needs of different power supplies and loads.

[0077] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a PFC power circuit provided in an embodiment of this application. The PFC power circuit converts the received primary-side DC power into primary-side AC power, and mainly includes switching transistors Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4, inductor L1, and capacitor C1.

[0078] In this circuit, switching transistors Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4 form a bridge inverter circuit. Specifically, the second electrode of switching transistor Q1 and the first electrode of switching transistor Q2 are connected to the positive terminal of the single-phase AC power supply through inductor L1. The second electrode of switching transistor Q3 and the negative terminal of the single-phase AC power supply are connected to the negative terminal of the single-phase AC power supply. The first electrode of switching transistor Q1 is coupled to the first electrode of switching transistor Q3 and one end of capacitor C1. The first electrode of switching transistor Q2 is coupled to the second electrode of switching transistor Q4 and the other end of capacitor C1. One end of capacitor C1 is connected to the positive input terminal of the DC-DC converter circuit, and the other end of capacitor C1 is connected to the negative input terminal of the DC-DC converter circuit.

[0079] It should be noted that the PFC power circuit may include, but is not limited to, the above-described structure, etc., and will not be listed one by one in the embodiments of this application.

[0080] Furthermore, electric vehicle components are increasingly moving towards high integration, low cost, and small size. Integrating multiple components can eliminate the need for connecting wiring harnesses between components and fixing brackets for individual components, resulting in significant advantages in cost and space utilization. In addition to accommodating the first single-phase OBC circuit, the housing 204 can also accommodate the electric drive assembly and electronic control components, thereby reducing component costs, sharing some structural elements, saving circuits with similar functions, and saving space volume, providing more overall vehicle space.

[0081] Therefore, since the core components such as electric drive and electric control are already integrated inside the housing 204, if the three-phase processing circuit is directly integrated inside the housing 204, additional components need to be added and the internal structure of the housing 204 needs to be redesigned. In this application, when the charging socket 203 is connected to the three-phase AC power supply, the first single-phase OBC circuit and the power conversion circuit 202 jointly receive the power supply from the three-phase AC power supply and convert the AC power output from the three-phase AC power supply to charge the power battery.

[0082] When the charging socket 203 is connected to a three-phase AC power source, the external power conversion circuit 202 works in conjunction with the single-phase OBC circuit inside the original housing 204 to complete the conversion of three-phase AC power. This design avoids changes to the internal structure of the housing 204 while achieving efficient utilization of the three-phase power supply.

[0083] The first single-phase OBC circuit in the single-phase on-board charger 201 is responsible for processing one phase of the three phases (such as phase L1), while the power conversion circuit 202 processes the remaining two phases (L2 / L3). By connecting in parallel or cascading, the electrical energy is integrated into the DC power required by the battery, thus making it compatible with both single-phase and three-phase charging scenarios.

[0084] By combining the first single-phase OBC circuit with the power conversion circuit 202 added in this application through a control strategy, for example, the original OBC is used to process one phase, and the power conversion circuit 202 processes the other two phases. The output is then integrated through parallel or series connection. The design of the external power conversion circuit 202 avoids the need to re-mold the housing 204, reduces the number of connecting harnesses and fixing brackets, conforms to the trend of electric vehicle component integration, improves compatibility and flexibility, and thus supports single-phase / three-phase power switching and is compatible with different charging infrastructures (such as household sockets and public fast charging piles).

[0085] In the aforementioned power conversion circuit 202, specifically in an on-board charging device, it can help process different types of power input (such as single-phase or three-phase AC power) and convert them into DC power suitable for charging the power battery. The following are several power conversion circuit 202 structures and their descriptions provided in the embodiments of this application:

[0086] Structure 1:

[0087] See Figure 5 As shown, Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of an on-board charging device provided in this application Figure 2 The power conversion circuit 202 includes a second single-phase OBC circuit 501 and a third single-phase OBC circuit 502.

[0088] When the charging socket 203 is connected to a three-phase AC power source, the first single-phase OBC circuit, the second single-phase OBC circuit, and the third single-phase OBC circuit jointly receive power from the three-phase AC power source and convert the AC power output from the three-phase AC power source to charge the power battery.

[0089] When the charging socket 203 is connected to a three-phase AC power supply, the first single-phase OBC circuit in the single-phase on-board charger 201 works in conjunction with the power conversion circuit 202, including the second and third single-phase OBC circuits.

[0090] Each single-phase OBC circuit independently processes one phase of AC power (such as L1, L2, L3 phases), converting the three-phase power into DC power through its own single-phase OBC circuit.

[0091] The three DC power outputs from the first single-phase OBC circuit are connected in parallel through the output terminal of the power conversion circuit 202 and combined into high-voltage DC power, which then charges the power battery.

[0092] The second and third single-phase OBC circuits are basically the same as the first single-phase OBC, but they independently process one of the three phases, forming a three-phase discrete processing mode. The switching frequency of each single-phase OBC circuit is synchronized by the vehicle control to ensure the stability of the parallel output.

[0093] See Figure 6 As shown, Figure 6 A connection diagram of a charging socket 203 provided in this application. Figure 1 The charging socket 203 includes: a first phase wire connection terminal 301, a second phase wire connection terminal 302, a third phase wire connection terminal 303, and a neutral wire connection terminal 304;

[0094] The second single-phase OBC circuit includes a second positive input terminal and a second negative input terminal. The second positive input terminal is connected to the second phase line connection terminal 302, and the second negative input terminal is connected to the neutral line connection terminal 304.

[0095] The third single-phase OBC circuit includes a third input positive terminal and a third input negative terminal. The third input positive terminal is connected to the third phase line connection terminal 303, and the third input negative terminal is connected to the neutral line connection terminal 304.

[0096] The second input positive terminal is connected to the second phase line connection terminal 302, the second input negative terminal is connected to the neutral line connection terminal 304, the third input positive terminal is connected to the third phase line connection terminal 303, and the third input negative terminal is connected to the neutral line connection terminal 304.

[0097] When the charging socket 203 is connected to a three-phase AC power supply, the three single-phase OBCs (first, second, and third) independently process each of the three phases:

[0098] The first single-phase OBC circuit handles L1-N (phase A, 220V), the second single-phase OBC circuit handles L2-N (phase B, 220V), and the third single-phase OBC circuit handles L3-N (phase C, 220V).

[0099] Each OBC converts its single-phase AC power into DC power, which is then combined into high-voltage DC power through parallel output. The three-phase current is balanced through the neutral line, reducing harmonic interference.

[0100] This structure connects the three-phase live wires and neutral wires separately via three single-phase OBCs, achieving phase-by-phase processing of three-phase power. It is compatible with single-phase 220V input and can also utilize three-phase 380V power to boost charging power. Combining modularity, safety, and efficiency, it can adapt to various AC power types.

[0101] Structure 2:

[0102] See Figure 7A As shown, Figure 7A A schematic diagram of the structure of an on-board charging device provided in this application Figure 3 The power conversion circuit 202 includes a two-phase OBC circuit 701;

[0103] When the charging socket 203 is connected to a three-phase AC power source, the first single-phase OBC circuit and the dual-phase OBC circuit jointly receive power from the three-phase AC power source and convert the AC power output from the three-phase AC power source to charge the power battery.

[0104] The dual-phase OBC consists of two independent single-phase OBC circuits integrated into the same circuit. Its input includes a dual-phase positive terminal, with one phase connected to the second and third phase lines of the three-phase AC power supply. The common negative terminal is connected to the neutral line. The two single-phase converted DC power supplies are output in parallel. The dual-phase OBC circuit processes two-phase AC power, forming a three-phase split-phase processing system with the first single-phase OBC.

[0105] See Figure 7B As shown, Figure 7B A connection diagram of a charging socket 203 provided in this application. Figure 2 The charging socket 203 includes: a first phase wire connection terminal 301, a second phase wire connection terminal 302, a third phase wire connection terminal 303, and a neutral wire connection terminal 304;

[0106] The dual-phase OBC circuit includes a fourth positive input terminal, a fifth positive input terminal, a fourth negative input terminal, and a fifth negative input terminal. The fourth positive input terminal is connected to the second phase line connection terminal 302, the fourth negative input terminal is connected to the neutral line connection terminal 304, the fifth positive input terminal is connected to the third phase line connection terminal 303, and the fifth negative input terminal is connected to the neutral line connection terminal 304.

[0107] The two-phase OBC circuit includes two input pairs (positive and negative terminals). Each input pair is connected to the second phase line connection terminal 302 and the third phase line connection terminal 303, respectively, forming a loop through the neutral line. Specifically, the fourth input positive terminal is connected to the second phase line connection terminal 302. This means the two-phase OBC circuit obtains power input from phase L2. The fourth input negative terminal is connected to the neutral line connection terminal 304, allowing current to return to the power source through the neutral line, completing the current loop. The fifth input positive terminal is connected to the third phase line connection terminal 303. Therefore, the two-phase OBC circuit also obtains power input from the third phase line. The fifth input negative terminal is also connected to the neutral line connection terminal 304, ensuring that current can return to the AC power source through the neutral line.

[0108] See Figure 7C As shown, Figure 7C A schematic diagram of a two-phase OBC circuit provided in this application Figure 1 As one possible implementation, the dual-phase OBC circuit includes: a DC-DC converter circuit 702, a first two-phase switching bridge arm 703, a second two-phase switching bridge arm 704, a first inductor 705, a second inductor 706, a first capacitor 707, and a second capacitor 708.

[0109] One end of the first inductor is connected to the second phase line connection terminal 302, and the other end of the first inductor is connected to the midpoint of one phase switch bridge arm in the first two-phase switch bridge arm. The neutral line connection terminal 304 is connected to the midpoint of the other phase switch bridge arm in the first two-phase switch bridge arm. The first two-phase switch bridge arm and the first capacitor are connected in parallel to the two ends of the DC-DC converter circuit.

[0110] One end of the second inductor is connected to the third phase line connection terminal 303, and the other end of the second inductor is connected to the midpoint of one phase of the second two-phase switch bridge arm. The neutral line connection terminal 304 is connected to the midpoint of the other phase of the second two-phase switch bridge arm. The first two-phase switch bridge arm and the second capacitor are connected in parallel to the two ends of the DC-DC converter circuit.

[0111] The first two-phase switching transistor bridge arm is a group of two switching transistors used to regulate the current path from the first inductor to the DC-DC converter circuit.

[0112] Similarly, the second two-phase switch bridge arm is another set of bridge arms consisting of two other switches, used to control the current path from the second inductor to the DC-DC converter circuit.

[0113] The first and second inductors are connected between the L2 and L3 phase lines and their respective two-phase switch bridge arms to smooth the input current, thereby facilitating power factor correction.

[0114] The first and second capacitors are connected in parallel across their respective two-phase switching bridge arms and the DC-DC converter circuit, serving as filters to ensure a stable DC voltage is supplied to the DC-DC converter circuit.

[0115] A DC-DC converter circuit is used to convert rectified DC voltage into a voltage level suitable for charging a power battery. For example, a DC-DC converter circuit is a DC-DC converter circuit.

[0116] One end of the first inductor is directly connected to the second phase line, and the other end is connected to the midpoint of one phase switch bridge arm in the first two-phase switch bridge arm. The neutral line is connected to the midpoint of the other phase switch bridge arm in the first two-phase switch bridge arm. In this way, by adjusting the switching state on the first two-phase switch bridge arm, the magnitude and direction of the current flowing into the DC-DC converter circuit from the second phase line can be controlled.

[0117] One end of the second inductor is connected to the third phase line, and the other end is connected to the midpoint of one phase switch arm in the second two-phase switch bridge arm. Similarly, the neutral line is also connected to the midpoint of the other phase switch arm in the second two-phase switch bridge arm, thereby managing the current from the third phase line by adjusting the state of the second two-phase switch bridge arm.

[0118] The dual-phase OBC circuit design aims to efficiently convert two phases of a three-phase AC power supply into DC power suitable for charging electric vehicle batteries. By using two sets of independent but similarly configured switching arms, inductors, and capacitors, the AC-to-DC conversion process can be effectively managed and optimized. Each arm can independently control its corresponding phase current, thereby improving overall flexibility and efficiency.

[0119] To improve the power factor, reduce harmonic pollution, optimize energy efficiency, and meet grid regulations, each single-phase OBC circuit adopts a PFC closed-loop algorithm. Through real-time closed-loop control, this method keeps the input current and voltage in phase, reduces reactive power and harmonic distortion, enhances the dynamic response and stability of the system, and adapts to load changes and grid fluctuations, ensuring efficient and stable energy conversion.

[0120] against Figure 7C For each single-phase OBC circuit in the dual-phase OBC circuit design shown, please refer to [reference needed]. Figure 7D As shown, Figure 7D This application provides a schematic diagram of a PFC closed-loop regulation module structure. As one possible implementation, the two-phase OBC circuit includes: a PFC closed-loop regulation module 710, which includes a voltage regulator 711, a multiplier 712, and a current regulator 713.

[0121] The voltage regulator is used to acquire the PFC circuit in the single-phase OBC circuit and perform closed-loop control. The voltage regulator serves as the input of the multiplier, which generates an AC reference signal that is the same as the input AC voltage. The current regulator is used to calculate the modulation wave based on the current reference. The modulation wave intersects with the carrier wave to generate a modulation signal, thereby driving the switching transistor in the PFC circuit.

[0122] Figure 7E A schematic diagram of PFC closed-loop regulation control provided in this application Figure 1 In this system, the voltage regulator is similar to the outer loop control. The actual DC bus voltage Bbus_s is obtained through sampling, and the target reference voltage Bbus_ref can be set by the vehicle controller. The voltage regulator can use a PI controller to calculate error compensation and output a dynamic adjustment signal Vgo.

[0123] The multiplier is similar to a current reference generator. Its inputs include Vgo, which represents the dynamic signal of the bus voltage deviation; Vinff2, which represents the envelope signal of the Ln-N AC voltage after low-pass filtering; and iac, which represents the instantaneous value of the sampled AC current. By binding the instantaneous value of the input current with the voltage error signal, the current waveform is ensured to follow the voltage phase, compensating for the amplitude fluctuation of the input voltage. The output generates a reference current iref that is in phase with the input voltage, thereby achieving current waveform shaping.

[0124] The current regulator is similar to an inner-loop control. Its inputs include a reference current *iref* and the actual sampled current *iLs*. The current regulator calculates the error between *iref* and *iLs* using a PI controller and outputs a modulated wave *igo*. The current regulator performs pulse width modulation (PWM), compares the modulated wave with a triangular carrier wave, and generates drive signals for each switch in the PFC circuit.

[0125] The outer loop control of the voltage regulator is as follows: if the load increases and causes Bbus_s to decrease, the voltage regulator output Vgo increases, the amplitude of iref generated by the multiplier increases, and the inner current loop increases the input current.

[0126] The inner loop control of the current inner loop is as follows: when the input voltage Vac is at the peak of the sine wave, Vinff is at its maximum, and the amplitude of iref is automatically reduced to avoid overcurrent. The duty cycle of the drive signal of each switch is adjusted in real time so that the sampling current ils follows the reference current iref.

[0127] Figure 7C In the dual-phase OBC circuit design shown, the two-phase switching transistor bridge arm includes a pair of high-frequency switching transistors and a pair of power frequency switching transistors. The utilization rate of the pair of power frequency switching transistors in the above structure is relatively low because they only switch during the positive and negative half-cycles of the AC power.

[0128] In view of this, this application reduces the number of power frequency switching transistors in the two-phase OBC circuit, thereby achieving more efficient high-frequency switching transistors and thus completing the entire current regulation process.

[0129] See Figure 7F As shown, Figure 7F A schematic diagram of a two-phase OBC circuit provided in this application Figure 2 The dual-phase OBC circuit includes: DC-DC converter circuit 721, three-phase switch bridge arm 722, third inductor 723, fourth inductor 724 and third capacitor 725;

[0130] One end of the third inductor is connected to the second phase line connection terminal 302, and the other end of the third inductor is connected to the midpoint of the first phase switch bridge arm in the three-phase switch bridge arm. One end of the fourth inductor is connected to the third phase line connection terminal 303, and the other end of the fourth inductor is connected to the midpoint of the second phase switch bridge arm in the three-phase switch bridge arm. The neutral line connection terminal 304 is connected to the midpoint of the third phase switch bridge arm in the three-phase switch bridge arm. The three-phase switch bridge arm and the third capacitor are connected in parallel to the two ends of the DC-DC converter circuit.

[0131] The dual-phase OBC circuit consists of three independent switching bridge arms used to regulate and control the current path flowing into the DC-DC converter circuit from the second and third phase lines.

[0132] The third and fourth inductors are located between the second and third phase lines and their corresponding switch arms, respectively, to smooth the input current and help achieve power factor correction.

[0133] The third capacitor is connected in parallel across the three-phase switch bridge arm and the DC-DC converter circuit for filtering, ensuring a stable DC voltage is provided to the DC-DC converter circuit. The third inductor is connected to the first-phase switch bridge arm as follows:

[0134] One end of the third inductor is connected to the second phase line, and the other end is connected to the midpoint of the first phase switch arm in the three-phase switch bridge. One end of the fourth inductor is connected to the third phase line, and the other end is connected to the midpoint of the second phase switch arm in the three-phase switch bridge.

[0135] The neutral line is connected to the midpoint of the third phase switch bridge arm in the three-phase switch bridge arm, serving as the current return path for the second and third phase lines.

[0136] In this structure, the current from the second and third phase lines can be managed by controlling the state of the three-phase switch bridge arms, while the neutral line is used for current return.

[0137] The third and fourth inductors are used to smooth the current, reduce harmonic distortion, and help improve the power factor. The present application provides a way to reduce the number of power frequency switching transistors by using a three-phase switching transistor bridge arm instead of two two-phase switching transistor bridge arms, thereby reducing hardware costs, reducing circuit complexity, and improving device utilization. The neutral line is used as part of the current return path, thereby improving the overall efficiency of the circuit.

[0138] Figure 7G A schematic diagram of PFC closed-loop regulation control provided in this application Figure 2 ,against Figure 7F Regarding the structure of the two-phase OBC circuit, this application provides a closed-loop control algorithm, as follows: Figure 7G As shown:

[0139] The inputs to the voltage regulator include the DC bus voltage Bbus_s and the target reference voltage Bbus_ref, which can be set by the vehicle controller. The voltage regulator can use a PI controller to calculate error compensation and output a dynamic adjustment signal Vgo.

[0140] In the control branch of the first phase switch bridge arm:

[0141] The multiplier's inputs include Vgo, which represents the dynamic signal of the bus voltage deviation; Vinff1, which represents the envelope signal of the L2-N AC voltage after low-pass filtering; and iac1, which represents the instantaneous value of the AC current obtained by sampling the second phase line. By binding the instantaneous value of the input current with the voltage error signal, the current waveform follows the voltage phase, compensating for fluctuations in the input voltage amplitude. The output generates a reference current iref that is in phase with the input voltage, thereby achieving current waveform shaping.

[0142] The inputs to the current regulator include a reference current iref and an actual sampled current iL1s. The current regulator calculates the error between iref and iL1s using a PI controller and outputs a modulated wave igoL1. The sampled current iL1s is the actual current flowing through the second phase line, and the modulated wave igoL1 is the modulated wave of the first phase switching bridge arm. The current regulator performs pulse width modulation, compares the modulated wave with a triangular carrier wave, and generates the drive signals for the switching devices of the upper and lower bridge arms in the first phase switching bridge arm of the PFC circuit.

[0143] In the control branch of the second phase switch bridge arm:

[0144] The multiplier's inputs include Vgo, which represents the dynamic signal of the bus voltage deviation; Vinff2, which represents the envelope signal of the L3-N AC voltage after low-pass filtering; and iac2, which represents the instantaneous value of the AC current obtained by sampling the third phase line. By binding the instantaneous value of the input current with the voltage error signal, the current waveform follows the voltage phase, compensating for fluctuations in the input voltage amplitude. The output generates a reference current iref that is in phase with the input voltage, thereby achieving current waveform shaping.

[0145] The inputs to the current regulator include a reference current iref and an actual sampled current iL2s. The current regulator calculates the error between iref and iL2s using a PI controller and outputs a modulated wave igoL2. The sampled current iL2s is the actual current flowing through the third phase line, and the modulated wave igoL2 is the modulated wave of the second phase switching bridge arm. The current regulator performs pulse width modulation, compares the modulated wave with a triangular carrier wave, and generates the drive signals for the switching devices of the upper and lower bridge arms in the second phase switching bridge arm of the PFC circuit.

[0146] In the control branch of the third phase switch bridge arm:

[0147] The modulation wave igoL1 (modulation signal of the first phase switch bridge arm) is added to the modulation wave igoL2 (modulation signal of the second phase switch bridge arm) to obtain the modulation wave of the third phase switch bridge arm. The modulation wave of the third phase switch bridge arm is compared with the triangular carrier wave to generate the drive signal of the switching device of the upper and lower bridge arms in the third phase switch bridge arm of the PFC circuit.

[0148] Structure 3:

[0149] See Figure 8 As shown, Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of an on-board charging device provided in this application Figure 3 The power conversion circuit 202 includes a line voltage OBC circuit 801. When the charging socket 203 is connected to a three-phase AC power source, the first single-phase OBC circuit and the line voltage OBC circuit jointly receive power from the three-phase AC power source and convert the AC power output from the three-phase AC power source to charge the power battery.

[0150] Line voltage refers to the voltage between any two phases in a three-phase power supply, which is higher than the single-phase voltage (for example, in a standard three-phase 400V system, the line voltage is about 380V, while the single-phase voltage is about 230V). The line voltage OBC circuit is used to handle the voltage between two phases in a three-phase AC power supply. Unlike the single-phase OBC circuit, the line voltage OBC circuit is not based on the single-phase voltage (such as the 220V voltage between L1 and N), but on the line voltage (such as the 380V between L2 and L3).

[0151] The line voltage OBC circuit in this application is similar in structure to the single-phase OBC circuit, with the main difference being the connection method.

[0152] See Figure 9 As shown, Figure 9 A connection diagram of a charging socket 203 provided in this application. Figure 3 The charging socket 203 includes: a first phase wire connection terminal 301, a second phase wire connection terminal 302, a third phase wire connection terminal 303, and a neutral wire connection terminal 304;

[0153] The line voltage OBC circuit includes a line voltage positive terminal and a line voltage negative terminal. The line voltage positive terminal is connected to the second phase line connection terminal 302, and the line voltage negative terminal is connected to the third phase line connection terminal 303.

[0154] The positive terminal of the line voltage is connected to the second phase line connection terminal 302 (L2) as the high potential terminal of the line voltage input, and the negative terminal of the line voltage is connected to the third phase line connection terminal 303 (L3) as the low potential terminal of the line voltage output.

[0155] The line voltage OBC circuit operates by directly connecting L2 and L3, utilizing the voltage difference (line voltage) between these two phases. In a standard three-phase four-wire system, the voltage between L2 and L3 is 380V. In this structure, the line voltage OBC circuit connects its positive and negative line voltage terminals to the second and third phase lines respectively, thus directly utilizing the line voltage (L2-L3) between these two phases for operation.

[0156] It should be noted that, to accommodate higher input voltages, line voltage OBCs can also employ specific power electronic topologies, such as full-bridge rectifiers, PFC circuits, and DC-DC converters. These components work together to ensure that the energy obtained from the three-phase AC power supply can be effectively converted into a form suitable for charging the power battery.

[0157] See Figure 10 As shown, Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the control flow of this application, to Figure 5 The structure shown will be described, and the charging process of this application will be explained.

[0158] Step S101: After the charging socket 203 detects the insertion of the charging gun, it enters the initialization state.

[0159] Step S102: Inform the vehicle controller of the charging gun insertion information. This step ensures that the vehicle controller knows that the charging gun has been correctly connected and is ready to perform further operations.

[0160] In step S103, the vehicle controller wakes up the second single-phase OBC circuit and the third single-phase OBC circuit. After receiving the charging gun insertion information, the vehicle controller wakes up the second single-phase OBC circuit and the third single-phase OBC circuit. The two circuits are activated from low power consumption or sleep state and are ready to start working.

[0161] In step S1041, the second single-phase OBC circuit detects the corresponding port voltage. This detection ensures that the power supply for that phase is properly connected and that the voltage is within a suitable operating range, thereby guaranteeing the safety and efficiency of subsequent charging.

[0162] In step S1042, the third single-phase OBC circuit detects the corresponding port voltage. This detection ensures that the power supply for that phase is properly connected and that the voltage is within a suitable operating range, thereby guaranteeing the safety and efficiency of subsequent charging.

[0163] In step S105, after the vehicle controller confirms that all modules are ready, it sends a charging start command to the first single-phase OBC circuit in the single-phase on-board charger 201 to begin executing the charging guidance protocol and charge the power battery at a first set power. The charging socket 203 also includes a CC pin and a CP pin. When the charging socket 203 detects the charging gun being inserted, it confirms the validity of the physical connection through the CC pin and identifies the maximum allowable current of the charging cable. Next, it enters the initialization state. In this state, the CP pin initiates a communication handshake between the vehicle and the charging equipment, exchanging key parameters such as power supply mode selection and charging power negotiation. Once the handshake is successful, both parties confirm readiness, complete initialization, and prepare for the subsequent charging process.

[0164] In step S1061, if the second single-phase OBC circuit detects a port voltage in the phase and it is within the corresponding operating range, the vehicle controller controls the second single-phase OBC circuit to charge the power battery with the second set power according to the communication-guided logic. If it is not within the corresponding operating range, the vehicle controller controls the second single-phase OBC circuit to go into sleep mode.

[0165] If the second single-phase OBC circuit detects a port voltage on that phase, and it is within the corresponding operating range, the vehicle controller controls the second single-phase OBC circuit to charge the power battery at the second set power according to the communication-guided logic. If it is outside the corresponding operating range, the vehicle controller controls the second single-phase OBC circuit to enter sleep mode to prevent equipment damage or other safety hazards caused by abnormal voltage.

[0166] In step S1062, if the third single-phase OBC circuit detects a port voltage in that phase and it is within the corresponding operating range, the vehicle controller controls the third single-phase OBC circuit to charge at the set power according to the communication-guided logic. If it is not within the corresponding operating range, the vehicle controller controls the third single-phase OBC circuit to go into sleep mode.

[0167] If the third single-phase OBC circuit detects a port voltage on that phase, and it is within the corresponding operating range, the vehicle controller will control the third single-phase OBC circuit to charge at the set power according to the communication-guided logic. If it is outside the corresponding operating range, the vehicle controller will put the third single-phase OBC circuit into sleep mode to ensure safe operation.

[0168] As one possible implementation, the power conversion circuit 202 is used to: step down the high-voltage DC power output from the power battery and then supply power to the load or the low-voltage battery.

[0169] The power conversion circuit 202 is not only used to charge the power battery of an electric vehicle from an external AC power source, but also to convert the high-voltage DC power output from the power battery into a voltage suitable for low-voltage loads or low-voltage batteries. The power conversion circuit 202 converts the high-voltage DC power provided by the power battery into low-voltage DC power suitable for loads (such as electronic control systems, lighting systems, etc. in the vehicle) or low-voltage batteries (such as 12V batteries used to start the vehicle, power the entertainment system, etc.).

[0170] The vehicle can be equipped with one or more socket panels, providing various interface types such as USB ports, cigarette lighter sockets, and 230V / 110V AC sockets, thereby meeting the charging needs of different types of electronic devices.

[0171] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to the embodiments of this application without departing from the scope of the claims. Therefore, if these modifications and variations to the embodiments of this application fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalents, this application also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. An in-vehicle charging device characterized by comprising: The vehicle-mounted charging device comprises a single-phase vehicle-mounted charger, a power conversion circuit and a charging socket, wherein: The single-phase vehicle-mounted charger comprises a shell and a first single-phase OBC circuit, the shell is used for accommodating the first single-phase OBC circuit, the shell comprises a first AC power input port and a first DC power output port; when the charging socket is connected with a single-phase AC power supply, the first single-phase OBC circuit is used for receiving power supply of the single-phase AC power supply through the first DC power output port, and converting AC power output by the single-phase AC power supply to charge the power battery of the electric vehicle through the first DC power output port; When the charging socket is connected with a three-phase AC power supply, the first single-phase OBC circuit and the power conversion circuit jointly receive power supply of the three-phase AC power supply, and convert AC power output by the three-phase AC power supply to charge the power battery.

2. The on-board charging device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power conversion circuit comprises a second single-phase OBC circuit and a third single-phase OBC circuit; When the charging socket is connected with a three-phase AC power supply, the first single-phase OBC circuit, the second single-phase OBC circuit and the third single-phase OBC circuit jointly receive power supply of the three-phase AC power supply, and convert AC power output by the three-phase AC power supply to charge the power battery.

3. The on-board charging device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The power conversion circuit comprises a dual-phase OBC circuit; When the charging socket is connected with a three-phase AC power supply, the first single-phase OBC circuit and the dual-phase OBC circuit jointly receive power supply of the three-phase AC power supply, and convert AC power output by the three-phase AC power supply to charge the power battery.

4. The on-board charging device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The power conversion circuit comprises a line voltage OBC circuit; When the charging socket is connected with a three-phase AC power supply, the first single-phase OBC circuit and the line voltage OBC circuit jointly receive power supply of the three-phase AC power supply, and convert AC power output by the three-phase AC power supply to charge the power battery.

5. The on-board charging device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The power conversion circuit is used for: Converting high-voltage DC power output by the power battery to low-voltage power supply for a load or a low-voltage storage battery.

6. The on-board charging device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The charging socket comprises a first phase line connection terminal, a second phase line connection terminal, a third phase line connection terminal and a neutral line connection terminal; The first single-phase OBC circuit comprises a first input positive terminal and a first input negative terminal, the first input positive terminal is connected with the first phase line connection terminal, and the first input negative terminal is connected with the neutral line connection terminal.

7. The on-board charging device according to claim 2, characterized by The charging socket comprises a first phase line connection terminal, a second phase line connection terminal, a third phase line connection terminal and a neutral line connection terminal; The second single-phase OBC circuit comprises a second input positive terminal and a second input negative terminal, the second input positive terminal is connected with the second phase line connection terminal, and the second input negative terminal is connected with the neutral line connection terminal; The third single-phase OBC circuit comprises a third input positive terminal and a third input negative terminal, the third input positive terminal is connected with the third phase line connection terminal, and the third input negative terminal is connected with the neutral line connection terminal.

8. The on-board charging device according to claim 3, characterized by The charging socket comprises a first phase line connection terminal, a second phase line connection terminal, a third phase line connection terminal, and a neutral line connection terminal. The dual-phase OBC circuit comprises a fourth input positive terminal, a fifth input positive terminal, a fourth input negative terminal, and a fifth input negative terminal, the fourth input positive terminal is connected with the second phase line connection terminal, the fourth input negative terminal is connected with the neutral line connection terminal, the fifth input positive terminal is connected with the third phase line connection terminal, and the fifth input negative terminal is connected with the neutral line connection terminal.

9. The on-board charging device according to claim 4, characterized by The charging socket comprises a first phase line connection terminal, a second phase line connection terminal, a third phase line connection terminal, and a neutral line connection terminal. The line voltage OBC circuit comprises a line voltage positive terminal and a line voltage negative terminal, the line voltage positive terminal is connected with the second phase line connection terminal, and the line voltage negative terminal is connected with the third phase line connection terminal.

10. The on-board charging device according to claim 8, characterized by The dual-phase OBC circuit comprises a direct-current conversion circuit, a first two-phase switch tube bridge arm, a second two-phase switch tube bridge arm, a first inductor, a second inductor, a first capacitor, and a second capacitor. One end of the first inductor is connected with the second phase line connection terminal, the other end of the first inductor is connected with the bridge arm midpoint of one phase switch tube bridge arm in the first two-phase switch tube bridge arm, the neutral line connection terminal is connected with the bridge arm midpoint of the other phase switch tube bridge arm in the first two-phase switch tube bridge arm, and the first two-phase switch tube bridge arm is connected across the direct-current conversion circuit in parallel with the first capacitor. One end of the second inductor is connected with the third phase line connection terminal, the other end of the second inductor is connected with the bridge arm midpoint of one phase switch tube bridge arm in the second two-phase switch tube bridge arm, the neutral line connection terminal is connected with the bridge arm midpoint of the other phase switch tube bridge arm in the second two-phase switch tube bridge arm, and the first two-phase switch tube bridge arm is connected across the direct-current conversion circuit in parallel with the second capacitor.

11. The on-board charging device according to claim 8, characterized by The dual-phase OBC circuit comprises a direct-current conversion circuit, a three-phase switch tube bridge arm, a third inductor, a fourth inductor, and a third capacitor. One end of the third inductor is connected with the second phase line connection terminal, the other end of the third inductor is connected with the bridge arm midpoint of the first phase switch tube bridge arm in the three-phase switch tube bridge arm, one end of the fourth inductor is connected with the third phase line connection terminal, the other end of the fourth inductor is connected with the bridge arm midpoint of the second phase switch tube bridge arm in the three-phase switch tube bridge arm, the neutral line connection terminal is connected with the bridge arm midpoint of the third phase switch tube bridge arm in the three-phase switch tube bridge arm, and the three-phase switch tube bridge arm is connected across the direct-current conversion circuit in parallel with the third capacitor.

12. The on-board charging device according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that, In response to the connection of the charging plug of the alternating-current charging pile with the charging socket, the vehicle controller controls the first single-phase OBC circuit to charge the power battery at a first set power based on the control guide handshake information between the alternating-current socket and the charging plug.

13. The on-board charging device according to any of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that In response to the voltage of the set terminal of the charging socket being in a set voltage range, the vehicle controller controls the power conversion circuit to charge the power battery with a second set power based on control guide handshake information of the AC socket and the charging plug.

14. An electric vehicle, characterized by The electric vehicle comprises a power battery and the on-board charging device according to any one of claims 1-13, which is used to receive AC power provided by an AC power source and convert the AC power into DC power to charge the power battery.

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