A method for cultivating dendrobium candidum epiphytic tea tree

Abstract

The application provides a Dendrobium candidum epiphytic tea tree cultivation method, and belongs to the epiphyte planting technology. Through "micro trauma + wound tissue inducer" treatment, the Dendrobium candidum root system can be closely combined with the tea tree trunk, and a structural basis for material exchange is established. Through applying methyl jasmonate stress of a specific concentration to the Dendrobium candidum at a key phenophase, beneficial secondary metabolites can be accurately induced to be synthesized and secreted, the theanine content in tea leaves can be significantly improved, and the proportion of ester-type catechins can be reduced, so that the freshness of tea leaves is significantly improved, and the astringency is obviously reduced. The Dendrobium candidum and the tea tree treated by the application have enhanced self stress resistance, and the disease incidence is reduced. While high-quality Dendrobium candidum is harvested, the quality and economic benefits of the produced tea are simultaneously improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention pertains to epiphyte cultivation technology, and particularly relates to a method for cultivating Dendrobium nobile as an epiphytic tea tree. Background Technology

[0002] Purple Dendrobium ( Den.Davonianum Paxt As a precious traditional Chinese medicine, *Dendrobium nobile* possesses extremely high medicinal value and economic benefits. Traditional epiphytic cultivation methods, especially the epiphytic growth of *Dendrobium nobile* on tea trees (…), are prevalent. Camellia Chinese The "tea-Dendrobium symbiosis" ecological agricultural model, developed on top of tea trees, has become an important way to achieve three-dimensional management and increase output per unit area of ​​land. Theoretically, this model can utilize the shading effect of tea trees to provide a suitable growing environment for the shade-loving Dendrobium nobile, while also increasing biodiversity. However, existing methods of cultivating Dendrobium nobile epiphytically on tea trees still face many technical bottlenecks that urgently need to be addressed, severely restricting further improvements in yield, quality, and economic benefits. For example, current techniques often use ropes or straw to directly tie Dendrobium nobile seedlings to the tea tree trunk. This method only achieves physical "fixation," resulting in a small contact area between the Dendrobium nobile roots and the tea tree bark, making it difficult to form a tight connection. The smooth surface of the tea tree trunk, especially on young tea trees, is not conducive to the attachment and colonization of Dendrobium nobile roots, leading to easy seedling detachment, unstable survival rates, and long recovery periods. More importantly, this simple epiphytic method lacks an effective material exchange channel between Dendrobium and tea trees. Their relationship is essentially a "symbiotic" one, rather than a deep "symbiotic" one, failing to achieve significant mutual promotion. Furthermore, the core objective of existing cultivation methods is usually limited to maximizing Dendrobium yield, resulting in a relatively singular product. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an innovative cultivation method that can deeply integrate the symbiotic relationship between Dendrobium and tea trees, not only significantly improving Dendrobium regeneration efficiency and survival rate, but also proactively, precisely, and safely utilizing this symbiotic relationship to directionally enhance the unique flavor and quality of tea. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for cultivating Dendrobium officinale epiphytic tea trees.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A method for cultivating Dendrobium nobile epiphytic tea trees includes the following steps: 1) Perform micro-trauma treatment on the epiphytic area of ​​the tea tree trunk and apply a callus inducer to the micro-trauma. 2) Fix the disinfected Dendrobium officinale seedlings to the epiphytic area of ​​the tea tree trunk; 3) Spray the Dendrobium officinale plants with a methyl jasmonate solution of 100μM~150μM from March to May; The callus inducing agent comprises, by mass percentage: Indolebutyric acid 0.01%~0.03%, chitosan 0.1%~0.3%, balance water.

[0005] Preferably, the planting density of purple-skinned dendrobium is 5 to 15 epiphytes per tea tree.

[0006] Preferably, the micro-trauma in step 1) is a longitudinal shallow groove with a depth of 1-3 mm.

[0007] Preferably, the thickness of the callus inducing agent applied in step 1) is 1~3 mm.

[0008] Preferably, the disinfection method in step 2) is to immerse the Dendrobium officinale seedlings in a potassium permanganate solution with a mass concentration of 0.1%~0.3% for 10~15 minutes, and then rinse them with water.

[0009] Preferably, step 2) involves securing the object using a biodegradable securing material, which includes rope or straw.

[0010] Preferably, the methyl jasmonate solution in step 3) further contains sophorolipid and sorbitol; The concentration of sophorolipid in the methyl jasmonate solution is 0.02%~0.05% (v / v). The concentration of sorbitol in the methyl jasmonate solution is 0.1%~0.3% (w / v).

[0011] Preferably, the method of using the methyl jasmonate solution in step 3) is to spray the methyl jasmonate solution onto the leaves of Dendrobium nobile.

[0012] This invention provides the application of the cultivation method described above in improving tea quality.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: This invention provides a method for cultivating Dendrobium nobile as an epiphytic tea plant. The various steps of this invention are interconnected, producing a synergistic effect of "1+1>2". Micro-trauma treatment provides a channel for material exchange, methyl jasmonic acid stress provides the active substances needed for exchange, and the added adjuvants (sophorolipids, sorbitol) improve transport efficiency. Specifically, through "micro-trauma + callus inducer" treatment, active callus tissue is formed in the tea plant, allowing the Dendrobium nobile roots to integrate closely with it, achieving a leap from simple "epistemosis" to deep "symbiosis," laying the structural foundation for material exchange. By applying a specific concentration of methyl jasmonic acid stress to Dendrobium nobile during key phenological periods, the synthesis and secretion of beneficial secondary metabolites are precisely induced. After being absorbed by the tea plant, these substances significantly increase the theanine content in the tea leaves and reduce the proportion of ester-type catechins, thereby significantly improving the freshness of the tea and significantly reducing astringency. The Dendrobium nobile and tea plant treated by this invention also exhibit enhanced stress resistance, manifested in a reduced incidence of diseases. While harvesting high-quality Dendrobium, the quality and economic benefits of the tea produced are improved simultaneously. Detailed Implementation

[0014] This invention provides a method for cultivating Dendrobium nobile epiphytic tea trees, comprising the following steps: 1) Perform micro-trauma treatment on the epiphytic area of ​​the tea tree trunk and apply a callus inducer to the micro-trauma. 2) Fix the disinfected Dendrobium officinale seedlings to the epiphytic area of ​​the tea tree trunk; 3) From March to May, spray the Dendrobium officinale plants with a methyl jasmonate solution of 100μM~150μM.

[0015] In this invention, the micro-trauma is preferably a shallow longitudinal groove, with a depth preferably of 1-3 mm, more preferably 1.5-2.5 mm, and even more preferably 2 mm; the callus inducing agent comprises indolebutyric acid, chitosan, and water, wherein the mass concentration of indolebutyric acid is 0.01%-0.03%, preferably 0.015%-0.025%, and more preferably 0.02%; the concentration of chitosan is 0.1%-0.3%, preferably 0.15%-0.25%, and more preferably 0.2%.

[0016] The thickness of the callus inducing agent is preferably 1-3 mm, more preferably 1.5-2.5 mm, and even more preferably 2 mm.

[0017] In this invention, sterilized Dendrobium officinale seedlings are fixed to the epiphytic area of ​​tea tree trunks. The sterilization method involves immersing the Dendrobium officinale seedlings in a potassium permanganate solution and then rinsing them with water. The preferred mass concentration of the potassium permanganate is 0.1%~0.3%, more preferably 0.15%~0.25%, and even more preferably 0.2%. The preferred immersion time is 10~15 min, more preferably 11~14 min, and even more preferably 13 min. The preferred planting density of Dendrobium officinale is 5~15 seedlings per tea tree, more preferably 7~12 seedlings, and even more preferably 10 seedlings. The fixing is preferably done using a biodegradable fixing material, preferably including rope or straw.

[0018] In this invention, a methyl jasmonate solution with a concentration of 100μM to 150μM is sprayed onto Dendrobium officinale plants from March to May. The spraying time is from March to May, preferably April, and more preferably the one-leaf-one-bud stage of the tea plant. The concentration of the methyl jasmonate solution is 100μM to 150μM, more preferably 110μM to 140μM, and even more preferably 130μM. The methyl jasmonate solution also contains a surfactant and a penetrant. The surfactant preferably includes 0.02% to 0.05% sophorolipid by volume, more preferably 0.03%. The penetrant preferably includes 0.1% to 0.3% sorbitol by mass-volume ratio, more preferably 0.15% to 0.25%, and even more preferably 0.2%. The preferred method of using the methyl jasmonate solution is to spray the methyl jasmonate solution onto the leaves of Dendrobium officinale until the surface of the Dendrobium officinale is evenly moistened.

[0019] This invention provides the application of the cultivation method described above in improving tea quality. By applying a specific concentration of methyl jasmonate stress to Dendrobium officinale during the critical phenological stage (one leaf and one bud stage) of the tea tree, the synthesis and secretion of beneficial secondary metabolites are precisely induced. After being absorbed by the tea tree, these substances significantly increase the theanine content and reduce the proportion of ester-type catechins in the tea leaves, thereby significantly improving the freshness and reducing astringency. The stress resistance of both Dendrobium officinale and the tea tree is also enhanced, manifested in a reduced incidence of diseases. While harvesting high-quality Dendrobium officinale, the quality and economic benefits of the produced tea are simultaneously improved.

[0020] The technical solutions provided by the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Example 1

[0022] Tree intervention treatment: On the trunk of a Yunnan large-leaf tea tree (8 years old), a longitudinal shallow groove with a depth of about 2 mm was made. Then, the prepared callus inducing agent (containing 0.02% IBA and 0.2% chitosan) was evenly applied into the shallow groove with a brush to a thickness of about 2 mm.

[0023] Seedling fixation: Soak the purple-skinned Dendrobium seedlings in a 0.2% potassium permanganate solution for 12 minutes for disinfection, rinse with clean water, and then air dry. Secure the seedlings by tightly binding their roots against the pre-treated trunk area with straw rope, spacing the clumps approximately 13cm apart. A total of approximately 6000 seedlings are planted per acre of tea garden.

[0024] Stress induction: In late April of the following year (when the tea tree is in the one-leaf-one-bud stage), spray the leaves of Dendrobium nobile with a methyl jasmonate compound solution (MeJA concentration 120μM, containing 0.03% sophorolipid and 0.2% sorbitol) until the leaves are evenly moistened.

[0025] Subsequent management: Water and pruning management will be carried out as usual for tea gardens.

[0026] Example 2

[0027] It is basically the same as Example 1, except that: The callus inducer contained 0.01% IBA and 0.3% chitosan.

[0028] The concentration of MeJA in the methyl jasmonate complex solution was 100 μM.

[0029] Example 3

[0030] It is basically the same as Example 1, except that: The callus inducer contained 0.03% IBA and 0.1% chitosan.

[0031] The concentration of MeJA in the methyl jasmonate complex solution was 150 μM.

[0032] Comparative Example 1

[0033] The procedure is basically the same as in Example 1, but the micro-trauma and callus induction treatment in step 1) are omitted, and the disinfected Dendrobium seedlings are directly tied to the smooth tree trunk.

[0034] Comparative Example 2

[0035] The treatment is basically the same as in Example 1, but step 3) of spraying with methyl jasmonate solution is omitted.

[0036] Comparative Example 3

[0037] The process is basically the same as in Example 1, except that in step 3), water is sprayed instead of methyl jasmonate compound solution.

[0038] Comparative Example 4

[0039] The process is basically the same as in Example 1, except that in step 3), the application time of the methyl jasmonate solution is changed to July.

[0040] Experimental Example 1

[0041] In the autumn of the year following the treatment, fresh leaves from the tea trees of the various embodiments and comparative examples were harvested, processed into sun-dried green tea using a uniform process, and sent to a professional testing institution for biochemical component analysis. Simultaneously, professional tea tasters were invited to conduct sensory evaluation. The results are shown in Table 1 below: Table 1 Evaluation results of different teas

[0042] Table 1 shows that the theanine content in all example groups was significantly higher than that in the comparative examples and the conventional control group, while the proportion of ester-type catechins was significantly reduced. Sensory evaluation results corresponded perfectly to this, showing "improved freshness and reduced astringency." Comparative Example 1 showed poor results, demonstrating the lack of a substance exchange pathway established through "micro-trauma-callus induction," which significantly reduced the effect even with stress treatment. Comparative Examples 2 and 3 demonstrated that methyl jasmonic acid stress treatment is a key driver of quality improvement and is indispensable. Comparative Example 4 demonstrated the importance of treatment timing; missing the optimal phenological period weakens the effect.

[0043] During the hot and humid summer months (July-August), the incidence rates of anthracnose and soft rot in Dendrobium officinale were investigated in each treatment group. Incidence rate (%) = (number of infected plants / total number of plants investigated) × 100%. A disease index was also calculated to assess severity.

[0044] Dendrobium yield: During the Dendrobium harvest season (November), 50 Dendrobium clumps were randomly selected from each group, and their fresh weight and stem weight were measured and converted into yield per mu (unit of land area). The results are detailed in Table 2.

[0045] Table 2. Disease incidence and yield of Dendrobium

[0046] The disease incidence and disease index of each example group were significantly lower than those of the comparative examples and the conventional control. This indicates that the comprehensive technical solution of the present invention, especially the micro-trauma-promoting symbiosis and methyl jasmonate-induced resistance, greatly enhances the health level of *Dendrobium nobile*. Comparative Example 1 (without tree intervention) showed more severe disease, indicating that a good symbiotic foundation is a prerequisite for healthy growth. Comparative Example 2 (without MeJA treatment) also showed more severe disease, demonstrating that methyl jasmonate plays a key role in activating the systemic disease resistance of *Dendrobium nobile*.

[0047] The yield of Dendrobium in each of the example groups was significantly higher than that in the comparative and conventional control groups, with Example 1 showing a yield increase of approximately 38.7% compared to the conventional control. The increased yield was the result of the synergistic effect of multiple factors, including higher survival rate, healthier growth, and the physiological yield-increasing effect that may be attributed to methyl jasmonate.

[0048] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for cultivating Dendrobium nobile epiphytic tea trees, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: 1) Perform micro-trauma treatment on the epiphytic area of ​​the tea tree trunk and apply a callus inducer to the micro-trauma. 2) Fix the disinfected Dendrobium officinale seedlings to the epiphytic area of ​​the tea tree trunk; 3) Spray the Dendrobium officinale plants with a methyl jasmonate solution of 100μM~150μM from March to May; The callus inducing agent comprises, by mass percentage: Indolebutyric acid 0.01%~0.03%, chitosan 0.1%~0.3%, balance water.

2. The cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The planting density of purple-skinned dendrobium is 5 to 15 epiphytes per tea tree.

3. The cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step 1) The micro-trauma is a longitudinal shallow groove with a depth of 1-3 mm.

4. The cultivation method according to claim 3, characterized in that, Step 1) The thickness of the callus inducing agent applied is 1~3 mm.

5. The cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step 2) The disinfection method is to immerse the Dendrobium officinale seedlings in a potassium permanganate solution with a mass concentration of 0.1%~0.3% for 10~15 minutes, and then rinse them with water.

6. The cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step 2) The fixing is achieved by binding with a biodegradable fixing material, which includes rope or straw.

7. The cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step 3) The methyl jasmonate solution also contains sophorolipid and sorbitol; The concentration of sophorolipid in the methyl jasmonate solution is 0.02%~0.05% (v / v). The concentration of sorbitol in the methyl jasmonate solution is 0.1%~0.3% (w / v).

8. The cultivation method according to claim 7, characterized in that, Step 3) The method of using the methyl jasmonate solution is to spray the methyl jasmonate solution onto the leaves of Dendrobium nobile.

9. The application of the cultivation method according to any one of claims 1 to 8 in improving tea quality.

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