Sealing ring and sealing assembly applied to vacuum environment

Abstract

The application relates to a sealing ring and a sealing assembly applied to a vacuum environment. The sealing ring is applied to a vacuum environment and comprises a sealing ring and a sealing layer. The number of the sealing rings is two, the two sealing rings are adjacently arranged along a first direction and form an accommodation space for accommodating a deformation amount, and one sealing ring is arranged on the outer side of the other sealing ring. The sealing layer is wrapped around at least part of the outer side of the two sealing rings in a circumferential direction and forms the outer contour of the sealing ring. The sealing ring has an opening, the opening is communicated with the accommodation space and the outside, the opening is arranged in the gap between the two adjacently arranged sealing rings, the opening is oriented in a second direction, the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction, and the elastic modulus of the sealing layer is smaller than that of the sealing ring.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to sealing technology in a vacuum environment, and in particular to a sealing ring and a sealing assembly applied to a vacuum environment. BACKGROUND

[0002] The vacuum chamber operating medium of a nuclear fusion reactor involves deuterium and tritium, and a high vacuum requirement is needed in the vacuum chamber during operation. Therefore, a high sealing requirement is needed for the flange connection position of the vacuum chamber of the nuclear fusion reactor.

[0003] The vacuum chamber of the nuclear fusion reactor mainly uses fluorine rubber and aluminum wire sealing. It is found in the test process that the leakage rate of fluorine rubber can reach 10 -10 Pa·m 3 / s order of magnitude in a short time (about 10 minutes) when helium leak detection is performed. When more than 10 minutes, the leakage rate slowly increases until it reaches 10 -6 Pa·m 3 / s order of magnitude. At the same time, fluorine rubber hardens when used for a long time at 200℃, losing the sealing effect. Although the leakage rate of aluminum wire sealing can reach 10 -10 Pa·m 3 / s order of magnitude during use, the product has no resilience compensation ability, so that the sealing is invalid due to the influence of temperature alternation of its structure, fluctuation of operating environment, stress relaxation of bolts during long-term use, etc. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application provides a sealing ring and a sealing assembly applied to a vacuum environment to solve some or all of the deficiencies in the related art.

[0005] The first aspect of the present application provides a sealing ring applied to a vacuum environment, comprising:

[0006] A sealing ring, the number of the sealing rings is two, and the two sealing rings are adjacently and spaced apart along a first direction and form an accommodation space for accommodating a deformation amount, wherein one sealing ring is arranged on the outside of the other sealing ring;

[0007] A sealing layer, the sealing layer is wrapped around at least part of the outside of the two sealing rings along a circumferential direction and forms an outer contour of the sealing ring; the sealing ring has an opening, the opening is in communication with the accommodation space and the outside, and the opening is arranged in the gap between the two adjacently arranged sealing rings, and the opening is in a second direction; wherein the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction, and the elastic modulus of the sealing layer is less than the elastic modulus of the sealing ring.

[0008] Further, the sealing layer comprises a wrapping part and a connecting part.

[0009] The number of the wrapping parts matches the number of the sealing rings, and the wrapping parts and the sealing rings are arranged one by one in correspondence; and the connecting part connects two of the wrapping parts.

[0010] The wrapping part wraps around a circumferential area of the sealing ring, the circumferential area of the sealing ring is a second area, and the ratio of the first area to the second area is greater than 1 / 2 and less than or equal to 2 / 3.

[0011] Further, a through fastening hole is arranged on the connecting part, the fastening hole is used for passing a fastener to fix the sealing ring to a sealing object.

[0012] Further, in the first direction, one end of the sealing ring adjacent to the connecting part is taken as a bottom end, and one end of the sealing ring away from the connecting part is taken as a top end; in the second direction, one end of the two sealing rings arranged adjacent to each other is taken as a proximal end, and one end of the two sealing rings arranged away from each other is taken as a distal end.

[0013] The wrapping part covers the bottom end, the distal end and the top end, and extends to the side close to the proximal end.

[0014] Further, a pressure detection device is arranged in the containing space to detect the pressure in the containing space.

[0015] Further, the sealing layer comprises wrapping parts and connecting parts; the number of the wrapping parts matches the number of the sealing rings, and the wrapping parts and the sealing rings are arranged one by one in correspondence; and the connecting parts connect two of the wrapping parts.

[0016] A leak detection hole is arranged on the connecting part, the leak detection hole is in communication with the containing space, and the pressure detection device is arranged in the leak detection hole or on the circumferential side of the leak detection hole to detect the pressure in the leak detection hole.

[0017] Further, the thickness of the sealing layer is greater than or equal to 0.2 mm and less than or equal to 2 mm.

[0018] Further, in the first direction, the sealing ring has an open port, the open port is arranged away from the containing space; the sealing layer wraps around the open port; or,

[0019] The sealing ring has an open port, the open port is in communication with the containing space; or,

[0020] The sealing ring is a closed hollow structure.

[0021] The second aspect of the present application provides a sealing assembly applied to a vacuum chamber of a nuclear fusion reactor, the sealing assembly comprising a first flange, a second flange and the sealing ring of any one of the preceding embodiments, the first flange and the second flange being fastened and connected.

[0022] The surface of the first flange facing the second flange is recessed inward to form a receiving groove, at least part of the structure of the sealing ring is located in the receiving groove, and along the second direction, one surface of the sealing ring abuts against the bottom wall of the receiving groove, and the other surface extends out of the receiving groove and abuts against the surface of the second flange facing the first flange.

[0023] Further, the depth of the receiving groove is a first size, the original size of the sealing ring along the second direction is a second size, and the ratio of the first size to the second size is greater than or equal to 1 / 2 and less than or equal to 9 / 10.

[0024] Further, the center of the first flange and the second flange is provided with a through hole, and when the first flange and the second flange are tightly connected, the two holes are communicated to form a flow channel.

[0025] The receiving groove includes a first wall surface close to the flow channel and a second wall surface away from the flow channel.

[0026] The sealing ring is attached to the second wall surface, and / or the sealing ring and the first wall surface are spaced apart.

[0027] Further, when the sealing ring and the first wall surface are spaced apart, the ratio of the area enclosed by the sealing ring and the first wall surface in the receiving groove to the area of the containing space is greater than or equal to 1 / 10 and less than or equal to 1 / 3.

[0028] Further, the first flange and the second flange are fixedly connected by a positioning member, and the first flange and the second flange are provided with a positioning hole for the positioning member to pass through.

[0029] The surfaces of the first flange and the second flange facing each other are used as facing surfaces, the facing surface of the first flange and / or the second flange is recessed inward to form a recessed area, the positioning hole is communicated to the recessed area, and the recessed area is arranged away from the center of the sealing assembly relative to the receiving groove, and the recessed area extends to the outer periphery of the first flange and / or the second flange.

[0030] Further, the depth of the recessed area is less than the original thickness of the sealing layer.

[0031] Further, the sealing layer is provided with the fastening hole; the first flange is provided with a recessed area, the second flange is not provided with a recessed area, and the bottom wall of the accommodating groove of the first flange is provided with a limiting hole; the sealing assembly comprises a fastener, the fastener passes through the fastening hole into the limiting hole, and fastens and connects the sealing ring and the first flange.

[0032] The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application can include the following beneficial effects:

[0033] As can be seen from the above embodiment, the sealing ring of the application combines the characteristics of plastic deformation sealing and elastic deformation sealing. The plastic sealing of the sealing layer can fill small scratches, depressions or uneven places, thereby reducing the requirement for the overall machining precision of the first flange and the second flange. Meanwhile, the sealing layer capable of plastic deformation can ensure the sealing stability under high temperature and high pressure environment, without worrying about the problem of sealing failure caused by material aging and hardening. The elastic deformation of the sealing ring can provide dynamic sealing effect, and can adapt to the dynamic movement of the first flange and the second flange under certain working conditions and maintain sealing. It can be seen that the sealing ring of the application can simultaneously ensure the static sealing and dynamic sealing effect of the sealing assembly under high temperature and high pressure working conditions.

[0034] It should be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are only exemplary and explanatory, and cannot limit the application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0035] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical scheme in the embodiments of the application, the drawings needed in the embodiment description will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0036] Figure 1 A cross-sectional simplified schematic diagram of an embodiment of the sealing assembly of the application is shown;

[0037] Figure 2 An embodiment of the sealing ring of the application is shown as Figure 1 An enlarged view of A shown;

[0038] Figure 3 A plan view schematic diagram of an embodiment of the sealing ring of the application is shown;

[0039] Figure 4 An embodiment of the sealing ring of the application is shown as Figure 3 A B-B cross-sectional view shown.

[0040] Explanation of reference signs:

[0041] 100 sealing assembly, 1 first flange, 11 accommodating groove, 111 bottom wall, 112 first wall surface, 113 second wall surface, 2 second flange, 3 sealing ring, 31 sealing ring, 31a bottom end, 31b top end, 31c proximal end, 31d distal end, 32 containing space, 33 sealing layer, 331 wrapping part, 332 connecting part, 333 fastening hole, 334 leak detection hole, 34 opening, 35 fitting space, 36 inner side, 37 outer side, 4 flow channel, 5 positioning hole, 6 fastening member, X first direction, Y second direction. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The technical solutions in the embodiments (or, "modes of implementation") of the present application will be clearly and completely described herein with reference to the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, identical or similar elements in different drawings represent identical or similar elements or features unless otherwise specified.

[0043] If the application embodiments involve directional indications or positional relationships (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, inner, outer, top, bottom, center, vertical, horizontal, longitudinal, transverse, length, width, counterclockwise, clockwise, axial, radial, circumferential, etc.), such terms are only used to explain the relative positional relationships, movement conditions, etc. between components in a certain specific posture (as shown in the drawings); if the specific posture changes, the directional indications or positional relationships also change accordingly. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. in the application embodiments are only used for convenience of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0044] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The present application provides a sealing assembly 100. The present application sets the first direction X and the second direction Y as reference directions in the drawings, so that the description is more brief and accurate. In various embodiments of the present application, the first direction X and the second direction Y are in a perpendicular relationship. This will not be described again hereinafter.

[0045] The sealing assembly 100 includes a first flange 1 and a second flange 2. The first flange 1 and the second flange 2 are fastened and connected. The center of the first flange 1 and the center of the second flange 2 are both provided with a through hole. When the first flange 1 and the second flange 2 are fastened and connected, the two through holes are communicated to form a flow channel 4. When the sealing assembly 100 is applied to a nuclear fusion vacuum chamber, the nuclear fusion vacuum chamber needs a higher vacuum requirement. Under the condition of temperature 20℃-200℃ and vacuum degree reaching 10 -3 Pa, the helium gas sealing leakage rate between the first flange 1 and the second flange 2 needs to reach the order of 10 -10 Pa·m 3 / s.

[0046] To this end, the application further provides a sealing ring 3. In combination Figures 1 to 4 The sealing ring 3 comprises sealing rings 31 and a sealing layer 33. The number of the sealing rings 31 is two, and the two sealing rings 31 are adjacently arranged along the first direction X and form an accommodation space 32 for accommodating the deformation amount. The sealing layer 33 wraps at least part of the outer sides 37 of the two sealing rings 31 along the circumferential direction and forms the outer contour of the sealing ring 3. Here, the outer sides 37 of the two sealing rings 31 should be understood as the surfaces of the sealing rings 31 not facing the accommodation space 32. The sealing ring 3 has an opening 34, which communicates the accommodation space 32 with the outside world, and the opening 34 is arranged in the gap between the two sealing rings 31, and the opening 34 faces the second direction Y. In the sealing ring 3 of the application, the elastic modulus of the sealing layer 33 is smaller than that of the sealing rings 31. In other words, the elastic recovery ability of the sealing rings 31 is better than that of the sealing layer 33.

[0047] The surface of the first flange 1 facing the second flange 2 is recessed inward to form an accommodation groove 11, and at least part of the structure of the sealing ring 3 is located in the accommodation groove 11. Along the second direction Y, one surface of the sealing ring 3 abuts against the bottom wall 111 of the accommodation groove 11, and the other surface protrudes out of the accommodation groove 11 and abuts against the surface of the second flange 2 facing the first flange 1. The sealing ring 3 surrounds to form a fitting space 35. When the sealing ring 3 is assembled in the accommodation groove 11, the sealing ring 3 surrounds the flow channel 4, that is, part of the solid structure of the first flange 1 and the entire flow channel 4 of the sealing assembly 100 are located in the fitting space 35 of the sealing ring 3. One of the sealing rings 31 is arranged on the outer side 37 of the other sealing ring 31, that is, the two sealing rings 31 are arranged along the first direction X, and one of the sealing rings 31 is close to the fitting space 35 (hereinafter referred to as the sealing ring 31 on the inner side 36), and the other sealing ring 31 is away from the fitting space 35 (hereinafter referred to as the sealing ring 31 on the outer side 37).

[0048] By such an arrangement, when the first flange 1 and the second flange 2 are connected in place, the second flange 2 compresses the sealing ring 3 protruding out of the accommodation groove 11 along the second direction Y, so that the sealing ring 3 is compressed. At this time, the sealing layer 33 with a smaller elastic modulus plastically deforms, thereby filling the small concave-convex and gap between the sealing surfaces of the first flange 1 and the second flange 2 and blocking the leakage channel. The sealing rings 31 with a larger elastic modulus elastically deform, or elastically deform and plastically deform at the same time. In the operation process of the vacuum chamber of the nuclear fusion reactor, when the working conditions cause the first flange 1 and the second flange 2 to slightly expand away from each other along the second direction Y, the sealing rings 31 with a larger elastic modulus have a certain elastic recovery compensation ability, so that the sealing ring 3 can remain in close contact with the first flange 1 and the second flange 2, thereby effectively preventing the occurrence of interface leakage.

[0049] It can be seen that the sealing ring 3 combines the characteristics of plastic deformation sealing and elastic deformation sealing. The plastic sealing of the sealing layer 33 can fill small scratches, depressions or uneven places, thereby reducing the requirement for the overall machining precision of the first flange 1 and the second flange 2. Meanwhile, the sealing layer 33 capable of plastic deformation can ensure the sealing stability under high temperature and high pressure environment without worrying about the problem of sealing failure caused by material aging and hardening, compared with the sealing element of pure elastic material. The elastic deformation of the sealing ring 31 can provide the effect of dynamic sealing, and can adapt to the dynamic movement of the first flange 1 and the second flange 2 under certain working conditions and maintain sealing. It can be seen that the sealing ring 3 can ensure the static sealing and dynamic sealing effect of the sealing assembly 100 under high temperature and high pressure working conditions.

[0050] In addition, the sealing ring 3 includes two sealing rings 31 arranged along the first direction X, realizing the effect of double sealing. When the fluid from the flow channel 4 flows into the containing groove 11, the sealing ring 31 of the inner side 36 can perform the first sealing, blocking the fluid on the side of the sealing ring 31 of the inner side 36 facing the fitting space 35. When the first sealing fails, the sealing ring 31 of the outer side 37 can perform the second sealing, blocking the fluid on the side of the sealing ring 31 of the outer side 37 facing the containing space 32. In this way, the sealing ring 3 can improve the sealing reliability of the sealing part and the controllability of sealing failure.

[0051] When the sealing ring 3 of the application is applied to the vacuum chamber of the nuclear fusion reactor, under the condition that the temperature is 20-200℃, the vacuum degree reaches 10 - 3 Pa, the helium gas sealing leakage rate between the first flange 1 and the second flange 2 can reach the order of 10 -10 Pa·m 3 / s, ensuring good sealing. In the actual operation of the nuclear fusion reactor vacuum chamber, the fluid in the flow channel 4 is deuterium, tritium and other operating media. The helium gas molecule is smaller than the deuterium molecule and the tritium molecule. Therefore, on the basis that the sealing ring 3 of the application can ensure the sealing effect of helium gas, it can also ensure the sealing effect of the operating medium in the actual operation process of the nuclear fusion reactor vacuum chamber.

[0052] In some optional embodiments, a pressure detection device is arranged in the containing space 32 for detecting the pressure in the containing space 32. When the fluid pressure in the containing space 32 is greater than a threshold value, the pressure detection device can feedback to the outside world that there is a possibility of leakage of the sealing assembly 100 at this time, so as to allow external personnel to know the leakage condition early and intervene to take measures, avoiding further leakage of deuterium, tritium and other operating media in the nuclear fusion reactor vacuum chamber.

[0053] Further, in some optional embodiments, the sealing layer 33 comprises a wrapping portion 331 and a connecting portion 332. The number of the wrapping portions 331 matches the number of the sealing rings 31, and the wrapping portions 331 and the sealing rings 31 are arranged one by one. The connecting portion 332 connects two wrapping portions 331. When the sealing ring 3 is assembled in the accommodating groove 11, the connecting portion 332 is connected with the bottom wall 111. A leak detection hole 334 is arranged on the connecting portion 332, and the leak detection hole 334 is in communication with the containing space 32. A pressure detection device is arranged in the leak detection hole 334 or arranged on the periphery of the leak detection hole 334 to detect the pressure in the leak detection hole 334. When fluid leaks from the opening 34 into the containing space 32, the pressure detection device can detect. When fluid leaks from the gap between the sealing layer 33 and the bottom wall 111, the leak detection hole 334 at the connecting portion 332 enables the fluid between the sealing layer 33 and the bottom wall 111 to enter the containing space 32 through the leak detection hole 334, so that the pressure detection device can detect the fluid pressure. When the pressure is greater than a threshold value, external personnel can determine whether the nuclear fusion reactor vacuum chamber should continue to be used or whether it needs to be repaired in advance according to the leakage situation.

[0054] As shown in the drawings, in order to enable the sealing ring 3 to remain fixed in position, in optional embodiments, a limiting hole is arranged on the bottom wall 111 of the accommodating groove 11 of the first flange 1. The sealing assembly 100 comprises a fastener 6. The fastener 6 passes through the fastening hole 333 arranged on the connecting portion 332 into the limiting hole, and fastens the sealing ring 3 and the first flange 1. The number of the limiting holes can comprise a plurality, and is uniformly distributed around the fitting space 35, thereby providing fastening force at multiple positions to avoid warping of the sealing ring 3 caused by uneven force. The arrangement of the fastener 6 and the limiting hole can fix the sealing ring 3 on the first flange 1. When the first flange 1 is moved or hoisted, this embodiment can effectively prevent the sealing ring 3 and the first flange 1 from moving relative to each other or even separating from the accommodating groove 11, thereby affecting the sealing effect of the sealing ring 3.

[0055] In further embodiments, the aperture of the leak detection hole 334 is much smaller than the aperture of the limiting hole. For example, the ratio of the aperture of the leak detection hole 334 to the aperture of the limiting hole is 0.10, 0.15, 0.20, 0.25, 0.30, 0.35, 0.40 or any value therebetween. In this way, the arrangement of the leak detection hole 334 will not affect the sealing performance of the sealing ring 3.

[0056] In combination Figure 2The depth of the accommodating groove 11 is a first dimension D1. The original dimension of the sealing ring 3 along the second direction Y is a second dimension D2. The ratio of the first dimension D1 and the second dimension D2 is greater than or equal to 1 / 2 and less than or equal to 9 / 10. For example, the ratio of the first dimension D1 and the second dimension D2 is 0.50, 0.55, 0.60, 0.65, 0.70, 0.75, 0.80, 0.85, 0.90 or any value between them. This embodiment actually limits the height of the sealing ring 3 protruding from the accommodating groove 11 when the sealing ring 3 is assembled in the accommodating groove 11 of the first flange 1 and the first flange 1 is not connected with the second flange 2. When the ratio of the first dimension D1 and the second dimension D2 is too large, the height of the sealing ring 3 protruding from the accommodating groove 11 is small. Then when the first flange 1 and the second flange 2 are connected, the sealing ring 31 of the sealing ring 3 may not have enough elastic deformation to maintain the pressure against the first sealing element and the second sealing element, or the sealing ring 3 and the second flange 2 are separated during the dynamic movement of the first flange 1 and the second flange 2 during operation, which is not conducive to achieving the elastic sealing effect. When the ratio of the first dimension D1 and the second dimension D2 is too small, the height of the sealing ring 3 protruding from the accommodating groove 11 is high. When the first flange 1 and the second flange 2 are connected, the sealing ring 3 is pressed to produce a large deformation along the second direction Y, which can cause the plastic deformation sealing layer 33 to break, or cause the sealing ring 31 to produce plastic deformation and not provide elastic resilience. Therefore, the ratio of the first dimension D1 and the second dimension D2 within this numerical range can better ensure the sealing performance while avoiding damage to the sealing ring 3 under pressure.

[0057] The accommodating groove 11 includes a first wall surface 112 close to the flow channel 4 and a second wall surface 113 away from the flow channel 4. In some optional embodiments, the sealing ring 3 is spaced apart from the first wall surface 112. Therefore, the dimension of the accommodating groove 11 in the first direction X is greater than the dimension of the sealing ring 3 in the first direction X located in the accommodating groove 11. This arrangement first makes the assembly of the sealing ring 3 easy and improves the assembly efficiency. Secondly, when the fluid from the flow channel 4 enters the accommodating groove 11, the gap between the sealing ring 3 and the first wall surface 112 allows the fluid to provide a pressing force along the first direction X, so that the sealing ring 31 and the sealing layer 33 further deform in the second direction Y to compensate for the gap between the sealing ring 3 and the first flange 1 and between the sealing ring 3 and the second flange 2, achieving a better sealing effect.

[0058] Optionally, the sealing ring 3 is attached to the second wall surface 113. When the fluid pressure from the flow channel 4 enters the containing groove 11, the sealing ring 3 attached to the second wall surface 113 can avoid affecting the sealing effect due to the running position under the action of the fluid pressure. In addition, when the first flange 1 and the second flange 2 are connected, the sealing ring 3 deforms in the second direction Y, so that the sealing ring 3 also correspondingly deforms in the first direction X. In this embodiment, the sealing ring 3 is attached to the second wall surface 113, so that the deformation of the sealing ring 3 in the first direction X makes the sealing ring 3 tightly attached to the second wall surface 113. In this way, the fluid-tight surface is formed between the sealing layer 33 and the bottom wall 111, and between the sealing layer 33 and the second wall surface 113, which is beneficial to avoid fluid leakage through the gap between the containing groove 11 and the sealing layer 33.

[0059] In the embodiment in which the sealing ring 3 is spaced apart from the first wall surface 112 and attached to the second wall surface 113, during the process of fixing the sealing ring 3 to the first flange, the sealing ring 3 has already deformed to a certain extent to ensure that the sealing ring 3 is attached to the second wall surface 113 when the first flange and the sealing ring 3 are fixed in place. At this time, the gap between the first wall surface 112 allows the sealing ring 3 to be easily assembled. At the same time, when the connection of the first flange 1 and the second flange 2 causes the sealing ring 3 to deform in the second direction Y, the gap between the first wall surface 112 and the sealing ring 3 allows the sealing ring 3 to deform in the first direction X, avoiding damage to the sealing ring 3 due to multi-directional size limitations and multi-directional stress. In addition, the attachment of the second wall surface 113 to the sealing ring 3 can also ensure that a fluid-tight surface is formed at this position, thereby forming a good sealing effect.

[0060] At the same time, the stability of the whole during the working process, because the side of the sealing ring 3 close to the first wall surface 112 has more space for deformation, the fastening hole 333 can be eccentrically arranged. The fastening hole 333 is arranged close to the side of the sealing ring 31 away from the flow channel 4.

[0061] In the embodiment in which the bottom wall 111 is provided with a limiting hole and the sealing ring 3 is connected to the containing groove 11 through the fastener 6, the relative positional relationship between the sealing ring 3 and the first wall surface 112 and the second wall surface 113 can be limited by the position of the limiting hole. For example, if the hole center of the limiting hole is closer to the second wall surface 113 in the first direction X, then when the sealing ring 3 is assembled in the containing groove 11, the sealing ring 3 will be arranged closer to the second wall surface 113. Alternatively, the sealing ring 3 can be arranged with the fastening hole 333 of the sealing layer 33 closer to the inner side 36 of the sealing ring 31, and the limiting hole is arranged centrally between the first wall surface 112 and the second wall surface 113 in the first direction X. When the fastener 6 is connected through the fastening hole 333 and the limiting hole, the inner side 36 of the sealing ring 31 is closer to the limiting hole relative to the outer side 37 of the sealing ring 31, so that the sealing ring 3 is arranged closer to the second wall surface 113 as a whole.

[0062] When the sealing ring 3 and the first wall surface 112 are spaced apart, the ratio of the area of the containing groove 11 enclosed by the sealing ring 3 and the first wall surface 112 to the area of the containing space 32 is greater than or equal to 1 / 10 and less than or equal to 1 / 3. For example, the ratio can be 1 / 10, 1 / 9, 1 / 8, 1 / 7, 1 / 6, 1 / 5, 1 / 4, 1 / 3, or any value therebetween. The greater the ratio, the greater the distance between the first wall surface 112 and the sealing ring 3 in the first direction X, and the more fluid the containing groove 11 can contain. At this time, the fluid pressure of the fluid acting on the sealing ring 3 in the first direction X is higher. However, too high a fluid pressure can easily cause the sealing ring 3 to fail to seal. The smaller the ratio, the smaller the distance between the first wall surface 112 and the sealing ring 3 in the first direction X, and the smaller the deformable capacity of the sealing ring 3 in the first direction X. The ratio in this range can better balance the deformable capacity of the sealing ring 3 and ensure good sealing performance of the sealing ring 3.

[0063] In combination with Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the sealing layer 33 includes a wrapping portion 331 and a connecting portion 332. The number of wrapping portions 331 matches the number of sealing rings 31, and the wrapping portions 331 and the sealing rings 31 are arranged one-to-one. The connecting portion 332 connects two wrapping portions 331. In the first direction X, one end of the sealing ring 31 adjacent to the connecting portion 332 is taken as the bottom end 31a, and the end away from the connecting portion 332 is taken as the top end 31b. The circumferential area of the wrapping portion 331 around the sealing ring 31 is a first area, and the circumferential area of the sealing ring 31 is a second area. The ratio of the first area to the second area is greater than 1 / 2 and less than or equal to 2 / 3. For example, the ratio of the first area to the second area is 0.51, 0.52, 0.53, 0.54, 0.55, 0.56, 0.57, 0.58, 0.59, 0.60, 0.61, 0.62, 0.63, 0.64, 0.65, 0.66, 2 / 3, or any value therebetween. In this embodiment, the wrapping portion 331 does not wrap the entire circumference of the sealing ring 31. That is, part of the surface of the sealing ring 31 directly faces the containing space 32.

[0064] When the ratio of the first area to the second area is 1 / 2, the wrapping portion 331 only surrounds part of the sealing ring 31 from the bottom end 31a to the top end 31b. At this time, the sealing ring 31 can move toward the containing space 32 in the first direction X. Thus, when the first flange 1 and the second flange 2 apply force to the sealing ring 3 in the second direction Y, the sealing ring 31 can be separated from the wrapping portion 331, causing the wrapping portion 331 to deform under force in the second direction Y and not fit the surface of the second flange 2, resulting in failure of the plastic seal. It can be seen that, in order to ensure the plastic sealing effect, the ratio of the first area to the second area of the sealing ring 3 of the present application needs to be greater than 1 / 2.

[0065] When the ratio of the first area and the second area is too large, the wrapping portion 331 wraps more surface of the sealing ring 31. At this time, the wrapping portion 331 has good limiting performance for the sealing ring 31. However, in the processing process, in order to enable the wrapping portion 331 to wrap the surface of the sealing ring 31, the sealing layer 33 needs to produce a large bending deformation. This will lead to the processing of the wrapping portion 331 to be prone to breakage and the like, which is not conducive to improving the yield. Therefore, the present application limits the ratio of the first area and the second area to the above range, which can effectively ensure the limiting effect of the wrapping portion 331 on the sealing ring 31, while ensuring the processing yield of the sealing ring 31.

[0066] Along the second direction Y, one end of the two sealing rings 31 arranged adjacent to each other is taken as the adjacent end 31c, and the end away from the arrangement is taken as the away end 31d. The wrapping portion 331 covers the bottom end 31a, the away end 31d and the top end 31b, and extends to the side close to the adjacent end 31c. When the first flange 1 and the second flange 2 extrude the sealing ring 3 along the second direction Y, the wrapping portion 331 deforms, and the end of the wrapping portion 331 away from the connecting portion 332 can also be kept in contact with the second flange 2, realizing a larger area of plastic sealing and ensuring the plastic sealing effect.

[0067] In an optional embodiment, the wrapping portion 331 and the adjacent end 31c are arranged at intervals. The circumferential length of the adjacent end 31c to the top end 31b is a first length. The length of the wrapping portion 331 extending from the top end 31b to the side close to the adjacent end 31c is a second length. The ratio of the second length to the first length is greater than or equal to 1 / 2 and less than or equal to 3 / 4. For example, the ratio of the second length to the first length is greater than or equal to 0.5, 0.55, 0.65, 0.70, 0.75 or any value therebetween. In this embodiment, the wrapping portion 331 extends from the bottom end 31a towards the away end 31d, then covers the top end 31b, and extends towards the adjacent end 31c, but does not extend to the position of the adjacent end 31c. This arrangement enables the wrapping portion 331 to avoid the overall structure of the sealing ring 3 being scattered due to the movement of the sealing ring 31 towards the containing space 32, while also enabling the sealing ring 31 to have a margin for deformation towards the containing space 32, ensuring the elastic deformation effect of the sealing ring 31.

[0068] In an optional embodiment, the wrapping portion 331 extends beyond the proximal end 31c. The circumferential length of the sealing ring 31 from the bottom end 31a to the proximal end 31c is a third length, and the length of the wrapping portion 331 extending from the top end 31b to the side close to the proximal end 31c and beyond the proximal end 31c is a fourth length. The ratio of the fourth length to the third length is greater than or equal to 1 / 10 and less than or equal to 1 / 2. For example, the ratio of the fourth length to the third length is 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, or any value therebetween. In this embodiment, the wrapping portion 331 extends from the bottom end 31a towards the distal end 31d, then covers the top end 31b, and then extends towards the proximal end 31c and covers the proximal end 31c. The wrapping portion 331 of this embodiment can completely limit the movement of the sealing ring 31 towards the containment space 32 in the first direction X, while still leaving a margin so that the sealing ring 31 can deform towards the containment space 32. At the same time, the longer wrapping portion 331 allows the wrapping portion 331 to better fit the second flange 2 when the first flange 1 and the second flange 2 press the sealing ring 3 in the second direction Y, ensuring the effect of plastic sealing.

[0069] In an optional embodiment, the thickness of the sealing layer 33 is greater than or equal to 0.2 mm and less than or equal to 2 mm. For example, the thickness of the sealing layer 33 is 0.2 mm, 0.4 mm, 0.6 mm, 0.8 mm, 1.0 mm, 1.2 mm, 1.4 mm, 1.6 mm, 1.8 mm, 2.0 mm, or any value therebetween. The smaller the thickness of the sealing layer 33, the better its deformability, which can produce sufficient deformation to cover the sealing ring 31. However, if the thickness of the sealing layer 33 is too small, its sealing performance may be reduced. Increasing the thickness of the sealing layer 33 is beneficial to ensuring the overall sealing effect of the sealing layer 33, but further increasing the thickness may cause the sealing layer 33 to break when covering the sealing ring 31. The thickness range of this embodiment can balance the plastic sealing effect of the sealing layer 33 and the yield rate during processing.

[0070] It should be noted that the thickness of the sealing layer 33 refers to the thickness of the wrapping portion 331 and the connecting portion 332 being within the above numerical range. In order to ensure that the wrapping portion 331 can better wrap the circumferential side of the sealing ring 31 without causing the sealing layer 33 to break, the thickness of the wrapping portion 331 gradually decreases in the direction from the top end 31b to the proximal end 31c. Since the wrapping portion 331 between the top end 31b and the proximal end 31c mainly functions to limit the sealing ring 31, the gradual decrease in the thickness of the wrapping portion 331 will not cause the sealing ring 31 to lose its limiting effect. When the sealing ring 3 is deformed under the pressure in the second direction Y, the wrapping portion 331 at the top end 31b deforms, but since the size of the wrapping portion 331 at the top end 31b is still relatively large, the fluid sealing effect can still be guaranteed.

[0071] In some optional embodiments, the material of the sealing layer 33 may include soft metals such as gold, silver, aluminum, copper, nickel, and tin, thereby ensuring its plastic deformation performance and preventing the sealing layer 33 from being crushed and broken when the first flange 1 and the second flange 2 are connected.

[0072] like Figure 4 As shown, in an optional embodiment, the sealing ring 31 is a closed hollow structure. In this embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of the sealing ring 31 is "O". The closed hollow structure experiences uniform force and stress in the circumferential direction, which helps to ensure the elastic sealing effect of the sealing ring 31 and avoids plastic deformation. The closed hollow structure should be understood as having a complete and connected circumference in cross-section, and should not be understood simply as the hollow of the sealing ring 31 being completely isolated from the enclosing space 32. For example, the sealing ring 31 in this embodiment can be a helical spring structure or an integrally extended hollow metal structure.

[0073] Alternatively, in some optional embodiments, the sealing ring 31 has an opening. Optionally, the opening is located away from the containing space 32. The sealing layer 33 surrounds the opening. Alternatively, the opening communicates with the containing space 32. In other words, the cross-sectional shape of the sealing ring 31 in this embodiment is "C". The C-shaped sealing ring 31 can also have a good elastic deformation effect, thereby ensuring that the sealing ring 31 can play a role in elastic sealing. The sealing ring 31 with an opening can be a single layer or a multi-layer structure. That is, multiple sealing rings 31 with openings cover each other, and the openings of different sealing rings 31 can face the same direction or face different directions. In the embodiments of this application, the material of the sealing ring 31 can be Inconel x750, Inconel 718, Inconel 304, etc.

[0074] It should be noted that the sealing ring 3 in the embodiment shown in the accompanying drawings is annular, but this should be taken as an example and not as a limitation. The sealing ring 3 of this application can be set as rectangular, fan-shaped, or other irregular structures according to the shape of the flow channel 4, the shape of the receiving groove 11, etc. This application is not limited in this respect.

[0075] In the embodiments of the present application, the first flange 1 and the second flange 2 are fixedly connected by positioning members such as pins, bolts or screws. The first flange 1 and the second flange 2 are provided with positioning holes 5 for the positioning members to pass through. The surfaces of the first flange 1 and the second flange 2 arranged opposite to each other are taken as the opposite surfaces, and the opposite surface of at least one of the first flange 1 and the second flange 2 is inwardly recessed to form a recessed area (not shown). The positioning holes 5 are communicated to the recessed area. The recessed area is arranged away from the center of the sealing assembly 100 relative to the accommodating groove 11. The recessed area extends to the outer periphery of the first flange 1 and the second flange 2. The wall thickness of the first flange 1 and the second flange 2 at the positions where the positioning holes 5 are arranged is reduced, so that the recessed area can be deformed when the positioning members apply a fastening force to the first flange 1 and the second flange 2. In this way, the material properties of the first flange 1 and the second flange 2 cause the first flange 1 and the second flange 2 to reversely apply a locking force to the positioning members, thereby ensuring the tightness of the connection of the first flange 1 and the second flange 2 and avoiding the separation of the first flange 1 and the second flange 2 due to stress during the operation of the nuclear fusion reactor vacuum chamber, which causes the connection of the sealing ring 3 and the first flange 1 and the second flange 2 to fail.

[0076] Further, the depth of the recessed area is less than the original thickness of the sealing layer 33. If the depth of the recessed area is too large, it is easy to cause the wall thickness of the corresponding positions of the first flange 1 and the second flange 2 to be reduced, thereby reducing the ability to withstand the fastening force of the positioning members and easily causing breakage. At the same time, it is also easy to cause foreign matter from the outside to enter the flow channel 4 through the gaps between the first flange 1 and the second flange 2 away from the flow channel 4.

[0077] In optional embodiments, only the first flange 1 is provided with a recessed area, and the second flange 2 is not provided with a recessed area. In the embodiment in which the bottom wall 111 of the accommodating groove 11 of the first flange 1 is provided with a limiting hole to use a fastener 6 to connect the sealing assembly 100, the machining of the accommodating groove 11, the recessed area and the limiting hole only needs to be performed on the first flange 1, and does not need to be performed on the first flange 1 and the second flange 2 respectively, which is beneficial to improve the efficiency of machining.

[0078] It should be noted that the technical solutions or technical features described in the above embodiments can be combined or supplemented with each other without conflict. The scope of protection of the present application is not limited to the precise structures described in the above embodiments and shown in the accompanying drawings; any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A sealing ring, characterized in that, For use in vacuum environments, the sealing ring includes: The sealing rings are two in number, and the two sealing rings are arranged adjacent to each other along a first direction and form an enclosing space for accommodating deformation, with one sealing ring surrounding the outside of the other sealing ring; A sealing layer is formed by wrapping around at least a portion of the outer side of two sealing rings in a circumferential direction, thus forming the outer contour of the sealing ring. The sealing ring has an opening that connects the enclosing space to the outside, and the opening is disposed in the gap between the two adjacent sealing rings. The opening is oriented in a second direction, wherein the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction, and the elastic modulus of the sealing layer is less than the elastic modulus of the sealing ring. The sealing layer includes a wrapping portion and a connecting portion; The number of the wrapping portions matches the number of the sealing rings, and the wrapping portions and the sealing rings are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence; the connecting portion connects two of the wrapping portions; Along the first direction, the end of the sealing ring adjacent to the connecting portion is taken as the bottom end, and the end away from the connecting portion is taken as the top end; along the second direction, the ends of the two sealing rings that are arranged adjacently are taken as the adjacent ends, and the ends away from the sealing rings are taken as the distant ends. The wrapping portion covers the bottom end, the far end, and the top end, and extends toward the side closer to the adjacent end and covers the adjacent end; The thickness of the wrapping portion gradually decreases in the direction from the top to the adjacent end.

2. The sealing ring as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The circumferential area of ​​the wrapping portion surrounding the sealing ring is the first area, and the circumferential area of ​​the sealing ring is the second area. The ratio of the first area to the second area is greater than 1 / 2 and less than or equal to 2 / 3.

3. The sealing ring as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The connecting part is provided with a through fastening hole, which is used for fasteners to pass through in order to fix the sealing ring to the part to be sealed.

4. The sealing ring as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A pressure detection device is installed in the enclosing space to detect the pressure in the enclosing space.

5. The sealing ring as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The sealing layer includes a wrapping portion and a connecting portion; the number of wrapping portions matches the number of sealing rings, and the wrapping portions and the sealing rings are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence; the connecting portion connects two of the wrapping portions; A leak detection hole is provided on the connecting part, and the leak detection hole is connected to the enclosing space. The pressure detection device is provided in the leak detection hole or on the periphery of the leak detection hole to detect the pressure in the leak detection hole.

6. The sealing ring as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the sealing layer is greater than or equal to 0.2 mm and less than or equal to 2 mm.

7. The sealing ring as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Along the first direction, the sealing ring has an opening, which is disposed away from the containing space; the sealing layer wraps around the opening; or, The sealing ring has an open opening that communicates with the enclosing space; or, the sealing ring is a closed hollow structure.

8. A sealing assembly, characterized in that, The sealing assembly, used in the vacuum chamber of a nuclear fusion reactor, comprises a first flange, a second flange, and a sealing ring as described in any one of claims 1-7, wherein the first flange and the second flange are fastened together. The surface of the first flange facing the second flange is recessed inward to form a receiving groove, at least a portion of the structure of the sealing ring is located in the receiving groove, and along the second direction, one surface of the sealing ring abuts against the bottom wall of the receiving groove, and the other surface extends out of the receiving groove and abuts against the surface of the second flange facing the first flange.

9. The sealing assembly as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that, The depth of the receiving groove is a first dimension, and the original dimension of the sealing ring along the second direction is a second dimension. The ratio of the first dimension to the second dimension is greater than or equal to 1 / 2 and less than or equal to 9 / 10.

10. The sealing assembly as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that, Both the first flange and the second flange have through holes in their centers. When the first flange and the second flange are fastened together, the two holes connect to form a flow channel. The receiving groove includes a first wall surface near the flow channel and a second wall surface away from the flow channel; The sealing ring is fitted to the second wall surface, and / or the sealing ring and the first wall surface are spaced apart.

11. The sealing assembly as claimed in claim 10, characterized in that, When the sealing ring and the first wall are spaced apart, the ratio of the area enclosed by the sealing ring and the first wall in the receiving groove to the area of ​​the containing space is greater than or equal to 1 / 10 and less than or equal to 1 / 3.

12. The sealing assembly as claimed in claim 11, characterized in that, The first flange and the second flange are fixedly connected by a positioning element; the first flange and the second flange are provided with positioning holes for the positioning element to pass through. The opposing surfaces of the first flange and the second flange are designated as opposing surfaces. The opposing surfaces of the first flange and / or the second flange are recessed inward to form a recessed area. The positioning hole communicates with the recessed area. The recessed area is located away from the center of the sealing assembly relative to the receiving groove. The recessed area extends to the outer periphery of the first flange and / or the second flange.

13. The sealing assembly as claimed in claim 12, characterized in that, The depth of the recessed area is less than the original thickness of the sealing layer.

14. The sealing assembly as claimed in claim 12, characterized in that, The sealing layer is provided with fastening holes; the first flange is provided with a recessed area, the second flange is not provided with a recessed area, and the bottom wall of the receiving groove of the first flange is provided with a limit hole. The sealing assembly includes a fastener that passes through the fastening hole into the limiting hole and securely connects the sealing ring and the first flange.

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