Overhead cable

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of power cables, and particularly discloses an aerial cable, which comprises a power cable and a pin insulator body, and is characterized in that a mounting groove is formed in the upper end of the pin insulator; the connecting device comprises a rotating frame rotationally mounted in the mounting groove, two supporting rods slidably mounted on the rotating frame in the horizontal direction, and a driving part used for driving the two supporting rods to get close to each other or get away from each other, and a clutch part used for locking and disconnecting the rotating frame and the pin insulator is arranged on the rotating frame; during installation, a power cable is firstly placed between the two supporting rods, then the rotating frame is pushed to rotate by 260-280 degrees, and then the driving piece drives the two supporting rods to be away from each other, so that the power cable is tightened; the device has the beneficial effects that the needle-punched insulator on the erected cable can be conveniently replaced, and when the aerial cable encounters relatively strong wind, the force of the cable is automatically unloaded when the cable swings, so that the service life of the aerial cable is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power cable technology, and more specifically to an overhead cable. Background Technology

[0002] Overhead power cables, as a key carrier for transmitting electrical energy in modern power systems, typically consist of multiple components including a conductor, an inner insulation layer, a metallic shielding layer, and an outer sheath. They are laid at high altitudes by suspending them from towers or poles. This laying method offers the advantage of effectively utilizing vertical space, reducing the occupation of ground resources, while also ensuring high power supply reliability and relatively convenient maintenance. In the architecture of such overhead lines, there is a close and irreplaceable functional relationship between needle-prick insulators and power cables: needle-prick insulator strings reliably connect the cable to the grounded tower using hardware components. Their primary function is to provide stable mechanical fixation and structural support for the cable to withstand its own weight and various loads imposed by the external environment, such as wind pressure and snow. Furthermore, the needle-prick insulators establish a necessary electrical insulation barrier between the cable's metallic shielding layer and the tower, preventing abnormal current leakage or short circuits to ground. Its unique needle-like structure, also known as the arc-attracting angle, is scientifically designed and has a protective function. When an overvoltage occurs in the line, it can actively guide and control the arc to burn within a predetermined area between the insulator spikes, thereby preventing the arc from directly burning the insulator body or the cable end. This mechanism significantly improves the line's arc resistance and insulation self-recovery performance, ultimately ensuring the continuous, safe, and stable operation of the entire power transmission system.

[0003] Chinese patent document CN113130149B discloses a rotatable pin insulator, comprising a pin insulator body, a connecting threaded pin mounted at the bottom of the pin body, a fixing nut connected to the surface of the connecting threaded pin, a connecting rod mounted at the top of the pin body, a fixing block mounted at the top of the connecting rod, a cable winding reel mounted at the top of the fixing block, a sleeve mounted on the surface of the fixing block, and operating levers fixedly mounted at the lower parts of both ends of the sleeve; a locking block is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting rod, and a groove is formed in the middle of the bottom of the fixing block, with the locking block engaging inside the groove. The locking block and the groove are designed to... This design ensures stable and effective installation of the fixing block. The cable winding reel has a winding groove in its center, with a cable through-hole installed in the center of the winding groove. The winding groove and cable through-hole allow for effective cable installation and winding. A rotating ring is installed in the center of the top of the cable winding reel, and a connecting pin is fixedly installed in the center of the bottom of the cable winding reel. An adjustment cavity is located in the center of the fixing block, with the bottom of the connecting pin extending into the adjustment cavity and rotatably connected to the center of the bottom of the adjustment cavity. A rotating gear is fixedly installed below the connecting pin, inside the adjustment cavity, allowing the cable winding reel to rotate effectively.

[0004] While the aforementioned existing technology provides a rotatable pin insulator structure, it still has significant limitations in practical applications, especially during operation and maintenance. When workers need to install cables on pin insulators in the air, they must first pass the end of the cable through the cable hole in the winding groove, and then rotate the cable winding reel to wind the cable onto the reel. This installation method is acceptable for newly built lines, but for existing lines, if it is necessary to replace a damaged pin insulator, the operation is extremely inconvenient. During replacement, it may be necessary to untie the end of the cable from the adjacent insulator or fixing point to free up enough cable length to pass through the hole, or a special traction tool may be required. The whole process is time-consuming and labor-intensive, increasing power outage time and operational risks. In addition, after the cable is wound into the cable winding reel, the cable winding reel is usually in a locked state, lacking an effective tension release mechanism. When overhead cables encounter strong winds, they will oscillate periodically. If they cannot automatically adapt and unload the stress, the cables and their accessories (including the insulators themselves) will be subjected to alternating stress and excessive tension for a long time. This can easily lead to problems such as cable metal fatigue, outer sheath wear, loosening or even breakage of connection points, and mechanical damage to the insulators, significantly shortening the service life of the overhead cable system. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides an overhead cable that aims to solve the problems in related technologies, such as the inconvenience of replacing the needle-punched insulators on the already installed cable, and the inability of the cable to automatically relieve stress when it swings due to strong winds, which leads to easy damage to the overhead cable.

[0006] An overhead cable includes a power cable and a pin insulator body. The pin insulator has an installation groove at its upper end and also includes: The connecting device includes a rotating frame rotatably installed in the mounting groove, two support rods slidably installed on the rotating frame in the horizontal direction, and a driving component for driving the two support rods to move closer or further apart. The rotating frame is provided with a clutch for locking and disconnecting the rotating frame and the pin insulator. During installation, first place the power cable between the two support rods, then push the rotating frame to rotate 260°-280°. After that, the clutch locks the rotating frame and the insulator, and then the drive drives the two support rods away from each other, so that the power cable is taut.

[0007] Its advantages are as follows: By fixing the cable through a rotatable connecting device with a movable support frame, the traditional installation method that requires threading or complex winding is changed. During installation, the cable is simply placed between two support rods, and the cable is initially wound by rotating the rotating frame at a certain angle. Then, the support rods are moved by the drive component to finally tension the cable. This "placement-rotation-tensioning" process makes it possible to replace a single pin insulator on an existing line without touching the end of the cable or other fixed points, simplifying the operation. Since the structure is not rigidly locked, when the cable sways due to wind or other reasons, it can automatically release some tension through the adaptive movement of the support rods and the built-in buffer mechanism, avoiding stress concentration and effectively protecting the cable and insulator.

[0008] Preferably, the driving component includes a lead screw rotatably mounted on a rotating frame and two push blocks slidably mounted on the rotating frame in a horizontal direction. The two push blocks are located between two support rods. The lead screw is provided with two sections of threads with opposite directions of rotation. The two push blocks are sleeved on the lead screw and respectively engage with the two sections of threads.

[0009] Its effect is as follows: the driving component adopts the principle of a screw and nut pair, which synchronously drives two push blocks to move in opposite directions or back directions through a screw with reverse threads, ensuring the synchronicity and symmetry of the movement of the two support rods, ensuring that the cable is subjected to uniform force, and rotating the screw can precisely control the displacement of the support rods, thereby adjusting the tension of the cable.

[0010] Preferably, a buffer is provided between the push block and its adjacent support rod. The buffer is used to enable the support rod to be driven by the power cable to move toward the push block. The buffer is a compression spring, and the two ends of the compression spring are respectively connected to the push block and the support rod.

[0011] Its effect is as follows: the compression spring is set between the push block and the support rod. Under normal conditions, the compression spring provides a certain preload to keep the cable taut. When strong winds cause the cable to swing and generate tension exceeding the preload, the cable will push the support rod to compress the compression spring, causing the support rod to move a small distance towards the push block. This is equivalent to temporarily "releasing" a portion of the cable length, thereby effectively reducing the instantaneous tension of the cable. When the wind weakens, the restoring force of the compression spring will cause the support rod to return to its original position and tighten the cable again. This process is automatic and reversible, realizing dynamic tension adjustment and energy absorption.

[0012] Preferably, the rotating frame has a sliding groove with an open top, and through holes are provided on the groove walls at both the left and right ends. The two ends of the lead screw pass through the through holes and extend beyond the left and right ends of the rotating frame. Rotating rods that drive the lead screw to rotate are provided at both the left and right ends of the lead screw.

[0013] Its effects are as follows: the slide provides guidance for the sliding of the support rod and the push block, ensuring the stability of their movement trajectory; the two ends of the lead screw extend out of the rotating frame and are equipped with rotating rods, allowing the operator to easily operate the lead screw from both sides, adapting to different work spaces and habits, and improving the convenience of installation and maintenance.

[0014] Preferably, a torque limiting assembly for locking and disconnecting the rotating rod and the lead screw is provided between the rotating rod and the lead screw, so that the rotating rod and the lead screw disconnect when the power cable is taut on the two support rods.

[0015] Its effect is as follows: the torque limiting component automatically disconnects the power transmission between the rotating rod and the lead screw when the torque applied to the rotating rod exceeds the preset threshold after the cable is tensioned to a suitable degree. When the operator is working in the air, it effectively prevents cable over-tension damage, support rod jamming, or component damage caused by over-tightening.

[0016] Preferably, the torque limiting assembly includes a locking block disposed on the rotating rod, a locking bolt rotatably mounted on the rotating rod, and an elastic element disposed between the locking block and the locking bolt. The rotating rod has a locking groove that extends through the left and right sides. The locking block is slidably mounted in the locking groove in the left and right direction. The lead screw has a plurality of hemispherical grooves at one end facing the locking block, and the locking block is inserted into the hemispherical grooves.

[0017] Its effect is as follows: Under the preload of the elastic element (such as a spring), the locking block is partially embedded in the hemispherical groove at the end of the lead screw, thereby realizing torque transmission. When the torque is too large, the force acting on the inclined surface of the locking block and the wall of the hemispherical groove will generate a component force that causes the locking block to overcome the spring force and exit from the hemispherical groove, resulting in disengagement and free rotation of the rotating rod. The multiple toothed design of the hemispherical groove allows the locking block to re-engage with the next toothed groove under the action of the spring after disengagement. However, continuous over-torque will cause this process to repeat, which manifests as "slippage", thereby protecting the system.

[0018] Preferably, the elastic element is a second compression spring, and the two ends of the second compression spring are respectively connected to the locking block and the locking bolt.

[0019] Its effect is as follows: by using the second compression spring as the elastic element, tightening the locking bolt increases the compression of the second compression spring, so the locking block needs more force to disengage from the hemispherical groove, which increases the threshold of the disconnection torque; conversely, loosening the locking bolt lowers the threshold, which makes the device adaptable to cables of different specifications and different tension requirements.

[0020] Preferably, the clutch includes a locking rod that is slidably mounted on the rotating frame in the vertical direction, a push rod is provided on the locking rod, a drive rod is rotatably mounted on the rotating frame, the drive rod has a slot for accommodating the push rod, and a locking hole is provided at the bottom end of the mounting slot. When the locking rod is aligned with the locking hole, the drive rod is rotated to lower the push rod.

[0021] Its effect is as follows: the clutch enables reliable locking and convenient release between the rotating frame and the pin insulator body. When the rotating frame rotates to a predetermined angle (260°-280°) so that the locking rod is aligned with the locking hole at the bottom of the mounting groove, the drive rod is rotated to push the push rod downward by the slot on it, thereby driving the locking rod to insert into the locking hole and complete the locking. Reverse rotation of the drive rod can release the downward pressure on the push rod. Under the push of the slot, the locking rod is lifted and disengaged from the locking hole, and the rotating frame can rotate freely.

[0022] Preferably, a sleeve is fitted onto the support rod, and the sleeve is rotatably engaged with the support rod to reduce the frictional resistance between the power cable and the support rod.

[0023] Its effect is that when the cable undergoes slight displacement or swaying on the support rod due to wind or temperature changes, the sleeve can rotate accordingly, converting sliding friction into rolling friction or even smaller sliding friction, thereby reducing frictional resistance. This not only reduces the wear of the cable's outer sheath and extends the cable's lifespan, but also makes the cable's tension changes and unloading process smoother, reducing the risk of jamming in the mechanism's movement.

[0024] Preferably, the upper end of the support rod is provided with a ring platform to prevent the power cable from detaching from the sleeve, and the diameter of the ring platform is larger than the diameter of the sleeve.

[0025] Its effect is that the ring platform, as a mechanical limiting structure, effectively prevents the cable from coming off the sleeve of the support rod in case of violent swinging or accident, ensuring the safety of the connection. Its diameter is larger than that of the sleeve, forming a flange that blocks the cable.

[0026] By adopting the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. For existing lines, when it is necessary to replace a pin insulator, maintenance personnel do not need to disassemble the cable end or use special traction tools. They only need to place the cable between the support rods of the new insulator, rotate and lock it. The whole process is simple and quick, which significantly shortens the power outage time and reduces labor intensity and operational risks. 2. Through the synergistic action of the driving component, buffer component (compression spring 1), and torque limiting component, when encountering severe weather such as strong winds, the swaying of the cable will be converted into tension on the support rod. This tension compresses compression spring 1, causing the support rod to produce adaptive displacement, instantly releasing part of the cable tension, and preventing the cable, insulator, and support structure from bearing excessive load. After the wind load decreases, the system can automatically return to the initial tension state. This "moderate tension and relaxation" characteristic greatly alleviates the mechanical fatigue problem of the cable, effectively extends the service life of the cable and insulator, and improves the survivability of the line under severe weather conditions. 3. The torque limiting component ensures the safety and controllability of the cable tensioning process. It sets an upper limit for the tension force to prevent damage from excessive tension caused by improper operation or misjudgment, thus protecting the cable. At the same time, by adjusting the threshold of the torque limiting component, it can adapt to cables of different models and tension requirements, enhancing the versatility of the device. 4. The rotating sleeve design on the support rod significantly reduces friction between the cable and the support, reduces wear on the cable sheath, and makes the movement of the entire mechanism more flexible. The mechanical locking method of the clutch is stable and reliable, ensuring that no unexpected relative rotation occurs between the connecting device and the insulator body during operation. The ring platform at the top of the support rod provides effective protection against falling off. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the pin insulator of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0030] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of point B in the middle.

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the support rod and push block of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating frame of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pin-type insulator of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the locking rod of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 9 This is an initial state diagram of the power cable of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 10 This is a diagram showing the state of the power cable of the present invention wound around the support rod.

[0037] Figure label: 1. Power cable; 2. Pin insulator; 21. Mounting groove; 22. Locking hole; 3. Connecting device; 31. Rotating frame; 311. Slide groove; 312. Column; 313. Mounting ring; 314. Bolt; 315. Through hole; 32. Support rod; 33. Driving component; 331. Lead screw; 332. Push block; 333. Rotating rod; 334. Compression spring one; 335. Torque limiting assembly; 3351. Locking block; 3352. Locking bolt; 3353. Compression spring two; 34. Clutch; 341. Locking rod; 342. Push rod; 343. Driving rod; 35. Sleeve; 36. Ring platform. Detailed Implementation

[0038] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0039] like Figures 1 to 10 As shown, an overhead cable according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a power cable 1, a pin insulator 2 body, and a connecting device 3 disposed on the pin insulator 2. The power cable 1 is the core carrier for power transmission, while the pin insulator 2 body plays the role of supporting and insulating the power cable 1. The connecting device 3 is used to realize the functions of quickly installing the power cable 1 on the pin insulator 2 body, securely connecting it, and resisting wind stress.

[0040] like Figures 1 to 10 As shown, the connecting device 3 includes a rotating frame 31 rotatably mounted on the upper end of the pin insulator 2, two support rods 32 slidably mounted on the rotating frame 31 in the horizontal direction, and a driving member 33 for driving the two support rods 32 to move closer or further apart. The upper end of the pin insulator 2 is provided with an upper through mounting groove 21. The bottom surface of the rotating frame 31 extends downward with a column 312. An mounting ring 313 is fitted on the column 312. The mounting ring 313 is fixedly installed in the mounting groove 21 by bolts 314. The column 312 and the mounting ring 313 are rotatably engaged, and the lower end of the column 312 is located in the mounting groove 21. The rotating frame 31 is provided with a sliding groove 311 with an upper opening. The lower ends of the two support rods 32 are slidably installed in the sliding groove 311 in the horizontal direction. The column 312 is also provided with a clutch 34. The function of the clutch 34 is to lock and disconnect the column 312 and the pin insulator 2.

[0041] During installation, the power cable 1 is first placed between the two support rods 32. Since there is an open space between the two support rods 32 and the support rods 32 are initially close together, the cable can be directly inserted from above. After the cable is placed, the operator pushes the rotating frame 31 to rotate, controlling the rotation angle between 260° and 280°. When the rotating frame 31 rotates, the cable forms an "S"-shaped pre-tightened state on the support rods 32. Then, the clutch 34 is operated to lock the rotating frame 31 onto the needle insulator 2 body to prevent it from rotating back. Finally, the driving component 33 drives the two support rods 32 to move away from each other, and the power cable 1 is gradually stretched and straightened, thus being tightened on the two support rods 32, completing the installation and fixation of the cable.

[0042] like Figures 2 to 10 As shown, the driving component 33 includes a lead screw 331 rotatably mounted on a rotating frame 31, two push blocks 332 slidably mounted on the rotating frame 31 in the horizontal direction, and two rotating rods 333 respectively set at both ends of the lead screw 331. The two push blocks 332 are located between two support rods 32. The lead screw 331 is provided with two sections of threads with opposite directions of rotation (i.e., one section is a left-hand thread and the other section is a right-hand thread). The two push blocks 332 are respectively sleeved on the two sections of threads of the lead screw 331 and respectively mesh with the two sections of threads. The groove walls at both ends of the slide groove 311 are provided with through holes 315 that pass through from left to right. The two ends of the lead screw 331 pass through these through holes 315. The two ends of the lead screw 331 are relatively long and extend beyond the left and right ends of the rotating frame 31. Since the rotating rods 333 are provided at both ends of the lead screw 331, the operator can easily operate the machine regardless of which side of the insulator he is on, adapting to the complex and ever-changing working conditions of high-altitude operations.

[0043] When the lead screw 331 rotates forward, the two push blocks 332 meshing with it will move towards the center at the same time; when the lead screw 331 rotates in the reverse direction, the two push blocks 332 will separate to the sides at the same time. When the two push blocks 332 move closer or further away from each other, they will push the two support rods 32 closer or further away from each other.

[0044] like Figures 3 to 10As shown, a buffer is provided between the push block 332 and its adjacent support rod 32. The main function of the buffer is to allow the support rod 32 to move relative to the push block 332 when subjected to external force (such as the tension of the cable). That is, the support rod 32 can be driven by the power cable 1 to move towards the push block 332. The buffer is a compression spring 334. The two ends of the compression spring 334 are connected to the push block 332 and the support rod 32 respectively. When the power cable 1 is taut, the cable applies inward pressure to the support rod 32. This pressure compresses the compression spring 334, so that the compression spring 334 is in an energy storage state. When encountering strong winds, the power cable 1 swings violently, and the tension of the cable fluctuates. At this time, the compression spring 334 uses its elastic restoring force to continuously absorb and release energy, allowing the support rod 32 to float left and right within a small range, thereby buffering the impact of wind on the hard connection point of the cable, achieving the effect of automatic force relief, and protecting the cable structure.

[0045] like Figures 3 to 10 As shown, a torque limiting component 335 is provided between the rotating rod 333 and the lead screw 331 to lock and disconnect the rotating rod 333 and the lead screw 331. In the initial stage, the cable is relatively loose, and the torque required to rotate the lead screw 331 is small. The torque limiting component 335 is in the locked state, and the rotating rod 333 drives the lead screw 331 to rotate. When the power cable 1 is tightened on the two support rods 32, the resistance increases sharply. When the resistance torque exceeds the preset value, the torque limiting component 335 is activated, causing the rotating rod 333 and the lead screw 331 to disconnect (slip). At this time, if the rotating rod 333 is continued to be rotated, the lead screw 331 will no longer rotate, thereby realizing constant torque protection and preventing damage to the lead screw 331 or damage to the internal wire core due to excessive force during construction.

[0046] like Figures 3 to 10 As shown, the torque limiting assembly 335 includes a locking block 3351 disposed on the rotating rod 333, a locking bolt 3352 rotatably mounted on the rotating rod 333, and an elastic element disposed between the locking block 3351 and the locking bolt 3352. The rotating rod 333 has a locking groove that extends through the left and right sides. The locking block 3351 is slidably mounted in the locking groove in the left and right direction. Correspondingly, the lead screw 331 has multiple hemispherical grooves at one end facing the locking block 3351. The multiple hemispherical grooves are arranged in a circumferential array around the axis of the lead screw 331 on the end face of the lead screw 331. The shape of the locking block 3351 at the end facing the hemispherical groove matches the hemispherical groove, and the locking block 3351 is inserted into the hemispherical groove. The elastic element is a compression spring 3353, and the two ends of the compression spring 3353 are respectively connected to the locking block 3351 and the locking bolt 3352.

[0047] During operation, the operator tightens the locking bolt 3352, compressing the second spring 3353 and generating elastic force to press the locking block 3351 tightly into the hemispherical groove. When the rotating rod 333 rotates, it drives the lead screw 331 to rotate through the locking block 3351. When the power cable 1 is taut on the two support rods 32, the reverse resistance of the lead screw 331 increases sharply. The curved surface of the hemispherical groove will generate a lateral thrust on the locking block 3351. This thrust overcomes the elastic force of the second spring 3353 and pushes the locking block 3351 outward. When the locking block 3351 is completely disengaged from the hemispherical groove, the rotating rod 333 will idle relative to the lead screw 331. By adjusting the feed depth of the locking bolt 3352, the preload of the second spring 3353 can be changed, thereby adjusting the magnitude of the disengagement torque.

[0048] like Figures 4 to 8 As shown, the clutch 34 includes a locking rod 341 that is slidably mounted on the rotating frame 31 in the vertical direction. A push rod 342 is provided on the locking rod 341. A drive rod 343 is rotatably mounted on the rotating frame 31. A slot for receiving the push rod 342 is provided on the drive rod 343. Correspondingly, a locking hole 22 is provided at the bottom end of the mounting groove 21. When it is necessary to lock the rotating frame 31, first rotate the rotating frame 31 to align the locking rod 341 with the locking hole 22. Then rotate the drive rod 343. When the drive rod 343 rotates, the trajectory of the slot changes, forcing the push rod 342 placed therein to move downward. The push rod 342 then drives the locking rod 341 to descend and insert into the locking hole 22, thus completing the locking. Conversely, if the drive rod 343 is rotated in the opposite direction, the locking rod 341 rises and resets, and the rotating frame 31 can rotate freely.

[0049] like Figure 2 As shown, to further reduce friction and protect the cable, a sleeve 35 is fitted onto the support rod 32. The sleeve 35 and the support rod 32 are in a rotating fit, meaning the sleeve 35 can rotate freely around the support rod 32. The power cable 1 is actually in contact with the surface of the sleeve 35. When the driving component 33 drives the support rod 32 to move and tighten the cable, or when the cable swings due to wind, relative movement occurs between the cable and the sleeve 35, and the sleeve 35 rotates accordingly, converting sliding friction into rolling friction, greatly reducing frictional resistance. At the same time, the upper end of the support rod 32 is provided with an annular platform 36 to prevent the power cable 1 from detaching from the sleeve 35. The diameter of the annular platform 36 is larger than the diameter of the sleeve 35, forming a physical barrier to ensure that the cable is always located on the sleeve 35.

[0050] The specific working principle of an overhead cable according to the present invention: The staff first puts the rotating frame 31 into the mounting groove 21 of the needle insulator 2 body. At this time, the two support rods 32 (and their sleeves 35) are in a close position in the sliding groove 311, the clutch 34 is in the unlocked state, that is, the locking rod 341 is retracted and not inserted into the locking hole 22, and the rotating frame 31 can rotate freely relative to the insulator.

[0051] The worker places the power cable 1 between the two support rods 32. Then, the worker holds the rotating frame 31 or uses a tool to push the rotating frame 31 to rotate in the horizontal plane. When the rotating frame 31 rotates about 260° to 280°, the cable, which was originally in a straight line, is bent and wrapped at the two support rods 32. When the rotation is in place, the locking rod 341 is aligned with the locking hole 22 at the bottom of the mounting groove 21.

[0052] At this time, the operator rotates the drive rod 343, and the slot on the drive rod 343 presses the push rod 342 to move downward, thereby pushing the locking rod 341 into the locking hole 22. Thus, the rotating frame 31 is firmly locked on the needle insulator 2 body and can no longer rotate relative to it.

[0053] Next, the operator rotates the rotating rod 333. Since the locking block 3351 is engaged in the hemispherical groove, the rotation of the rotating rod 333 drives the lead screw 331 to rotate via the locking block 3351 and the hemispherical groove. Because the lead screw 331 has two threads with opposite directions, its rotation drives two push blocks 332 to move laterally (away from each other) along the axis of the lead screw 331. The push blocks 332, through the compression spring 334, push the support rod 32 to move outwards synchronously.

[0054] As the support rods 32 separate outwards, the power cable 1 placed between them is stretched out. The tension on the cable is transmitted to the support rods 32 through the sleeve 35, and then to the compression spring 334. During this process, the free rotation of the sleeve 35 effectively reduces frictional resistance, making the tightening process smoother.

[0055] As the cable is continuously tightened, the resistance experienced by the lead screw 331 increases. When the cable tension reaches the design standard, the reaction torque of the lead screw 331 exceeds the threshold set by the pressure spring 3353 in the torque limiting component 335. At this point, the locking block 3351 is squeezed out of the hemispherical groove and retracts into the locking groove. The rotating rod 333 then slips and spins freely, no longer driving the lead screw 331 to rotate. The operator hears a "click" sound or feels a sudden change in feel, indicating that the cable has been properly tightened, and stops the operation. This ensures that the installation tightness of all cables is consistent and prevents equipment damage. When strong winds cause the cable to sway and generate tension exceeding the preload, the cable pushes the support rod 32 to compress the spring 334, causing the support rod 32 to move a short distance toward the push block 332. This is equivalent to temporarily "releasing" a portion of the cable length, effectively reducing the instantaneous tension of the cable. When the wind weakens, the restoring force of the spring 334 will cause the support rod 32 to return to its original position, re-tightening the cable. This process is automatic and reversible, achieving dynamic tension adjustment and energy absorption. At the same time, the sleeve 35 rotates with the swaying of the cable, avoiding wear between the cable sheath and the support rod 32.

[0056] When replacing the pin insulator 2, the process is reversed. First, tighten the locking bolt 3352, further compressing the spring 3353, thus preventing the rotating rod 333 from slipping when rotating in reverse. As the rotating rod 333 rotates, it drives the lead screw 331 to reverse, bringing the two support rods 32 closer together and releasing cable tension. After the cable relaxes, rotate the drive rod 343 in the opposite direction to pull out the locking rod 341 and unlock the rotating frame 31. Rotate the rotating frame 31 back to its original position, and the cable can be removed between the two support rods 32 for insulator replacement. The entire process requires no cable cutting or complicated unbinding tools, improving maintenance efficiency.

[0057] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An overhead cable comprising a power cable (1) and a body of a pin insulator (2), characterized in that, The pin insulator (2) is provided with a mounting groove (21) at the upper end, and further comprises: The connecting device (3) comprises a rotating frame (31) rotatably mounted in the mounting groove (21), two support rods (32) slidably mounted on the rotating frame (31) in the horizontal direction, and a driving member (33) for driving the two support rods (32) to move closer to or away from each other, and the rotating frame (31) is provided with a clutch member (34) for locking and disconnecting the rotating frame (31) and the pin insulator (2); During installation, the power cable (1) is first placed between the two support rods (32), then the rotating frame (31) is rotated by 260-280°, after that the clutch member (34) locks the rotating frame (31) and the insulator, and then the driving member (33) drives the two support rods (32) to move away from each other, so that the power cable (1) is tensioned.

2. An aerial cable according to claim 1, characterized in that The driving member (33) comprises a lead screw (331) rotatably mounted on the rotating frame (31) and two push blocks (332) slidably mounted on the rotating frame (31) in the horizontal direction, the two push blocks (332) are located between the two support rods (32), the lead screw (331) is provided with two threads with opposite rotation directions, and the two push blocks (332) are sleeved on the lead screw (331) and are in engagement with the two threads, respectively.

3. An aerial cable according to claim 2, characterised in that A buffer member is arranged between the push block (332) and the adjacent support rod (32), the buffer member is used for enabling the support rod (32) to be driven by the power cable (1) to move towards the push block (332), and the buffer member is a compression spring (334), and the two ends of the compression spring (334) are connected with the push block (332) and the support rod (32), respectively.

4. An aerial cable according to claim 3, characterised in that The rotating frame (31) is provided with a sliding groove (311) with an open upper end, the groove walls at the left and right ends in the sliding groove (311) are each provided with a through hole (315) penetrating leftward and rightward, the two ends of the lead screw (331) are arranged in the through holes (315), and the two ends of the lead screw (331) protrude beyond the left and right ends of the rotating frame (31), and the left and right ends of the lead screw (331) are each provided with a rotating rod (333) for driving the lead screw (331) to rotate.

5. An aerial cable according to claim 4, characterised in that A torsion limiting assembly (335) for locking and disconnecting the rotating rod (333) and the lead screw (331) is arranged between the rotating rod (333) and the lead screw (331), and the rotating rod (333) and the lead screw (331) are disconnected after the power cable (1) is tensioned on the two support rods (32).

6. An aerial cable according to claim 5, characterised in that The torsion limiting assembly (335) comprises a locking block (3351) arranged on the rotating rod (333), a locking bolt (3352) rotatably mounted on the rotating rod (333), and an elastic member arranged between the locking block (3351) and the locking bolt (3352), the rotating rod (333) is provided with a locking groove penetrating leftward and rightward, the locking block (3351) is slidably mounted in the locking groove in the left-right direction, the end of the lead screw (331) facing the locking block (3351) is provided with a plurality of semispherical grooves, and the locking block (3351) is inserted in the semispherical grooves.

7. An aerial cable according to claim 6, characterised in that The elastic member is a compression spring two (3353), and two ends of the compression spring two (3353) are connected with the locking block (3351) and the locking bolt (3352) respectively.

8. An aerial cable according to claim 1, characterized in that The clutch (34) comprises a locking rod (341) slidably arranged on the rotating frame (31) in the vertical direction, the locking rod (341) is provided with a push rod (342), the rotating frame (31) is rotatably provided with a driving rod (343), the driving rod (343) is provided with a clamping groove for accommodating the push rod (342), and the bottom end of the mounting groove (21) is provided with a locking hole (22); after the locking rod (341) is aligned with the locking hole (22), the driving rod (343) is rotated to make the push rod (342) descend.

9. An aerial cable according to claim 1, characterized in that The support rod (32) is sleeved with a sleeve (35), the sleeve (35) is in rotational cooperation with the support rod (32), and is used for reducing the frictional resistance between the power cable (1) and the support rod (32).

10. An aerial cable according to claim 9, characterized in that The upper end of the support rod (32) is provided with a ring table (36) for preventing the power cable (1) from being separated from the sleeve (35), and the diameter of the ring table (36) is greater than that of the sleeve (35).

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