Disposable visual double-lumen bronchial cannula and its preparation method

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of thermoplastic elastomer, in particular to a disposable visual double-lumen bronchial cannula and a preparation method thereof.The ethylene-propylene thermoplastic elastomer, polypropylene resin, antibacterial silver material and antibacterial zinc oxide material are mixed, and then melt extrusion, cooling and traction are carried out to obtain a pipe material.The pipe material is sequentially subjected to water washing, alcohol washing, drying and plasma treatment to obtain a pretreated pipe material.The antibacterial hydrogel solution is obtained by adding hydroxyethyl acrylamide, acrylic acid, polyvinylpyrrolidone, propenyl quaternary ammonium salt, allyl triphenyl phosphonium bromide and 1-allyl imidazole.The pretreated pipe material is soaked in the antibacterial hydrogel solution, and then the finished product is obtained after ultraviolet irradiation.The finished product prepared by the present application has excellent antibacterial property and lubricity, and therefore has a wide application prospect in the technical field of thermoplastic elastomer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of thermoplastic elastomer technology, specifically to a disposable visual dual-lumen endotracheal cannula and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of modern medicine, disposable visual double-lumen endotracheal tubes have undeniable value, especially the design and application of their medical tubing, which has brought numerous conveniences to clinical treatment. Modern medical tubing utilizes biocompatible polymers, significantly reducing the risk of allergic reactions and inflammation in patients during use. Compared to traditional tubing, the new materials are softer and more elastic, better conforming to the physiological curvature of the airway during insertion, reducing damage to the airway mucosa, improving patient comfort, and lowering the incidence of complications. The medical tubing of visual double-lumen endotracheal tubes also features a unique structural design. Furthermore, the disposable nature effectively avoids cross-infection, ensuring patient safety.

[0003] However, endotracheal intubation, as an invasive medical device, is directly connected to the patient's airway. During use, the patient's respiratory environment provides suitable conditions for the survival and reproduction of bacteria and other microorganisms. If the medical tubing does not have good antibacterial properties, bacteria can easily adhere to and proliferate on the surface of the tubing, leading to respiratory infections such as pneumonia and other serious complications. This risk is particularly high for patients with weakened immune systems, easily leading to worsening of their condition, prolonged hospitalization, and increased medical costs. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the antibacterial properties of the tubing to effectively inhibit bacterial growth and reproduction, providing strong protection for the patient's health. Furthermore, during endotracheal intubation, the tubing needs to pass through narrow areas such as the patient's mouth and throat to reach the bronchi. If the tubing's lubrication is poor, it will generate significant friction with the respiratory mucosa during insertion, causing not only great pain for the patient but also potential damage to the respiratory mucosa, increasing the risk of infection. Good lubrication makes the intubation easier to pass through the airway, reducing damage to the mucosa and minimizing patient discomfort.

[0004] To overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a disposable visual dual-lumen endotracheal cannula and its preparation method. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a disposable visual dual-lumen endotracheal cannula and its preparation method, so as to solve the problems raised in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A method for preparing a disposable visual dual-lumen endotracheal cannula includes the following steps: mixing ethylene-propylene thermoplastic elastomer, polypropylene resin, antibacterial silver material, and antibacterial zinc oxide material, followed by melt extrusion, cooling, and traction to obtain a cannula; sequentially subjecting the cannula to water washing, alcohol washing, drying, and plasma treatment to obtain a pretreated cannula; then immersing the pretreated cannula in an antibacterial hydrogel solution, removing it, and irradiating it with ultraviolet light to obtain the finished product.

[0007] In a more optimized manner, the content of each component of the pipe is as follows: by mass fraction, 88-92% ethylene-propylene thermoplastic elastomer, 0.5-1.0% antibacterial silver material, 3-5% antibacterial zinc oxide material, and the balance is polypropylene resin; the melt extrusion temperature is 180-250℃.

[0008] In a more optimized manner, the pretreated pipe is immersed in an antibacterial hydrogel solution for 1-2 minutes, then removed and subjected to ultraviolet light irradiation for 30-40 minutes to obtain the finished product.

[0009] A more optimized preparation process for antibacterial silver materials is as follows: 1,2-propanediol and γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane are mixed and heated in an oil bath to 100-110℃. Then, 0.12-0.15 mol / L of silver nitrate aqueous solution is slowly added dropwise. After the addition is complete, the reaction continues for 30-40 min. After the reaction is complete, the mixture is centrifuged and dried to obtain modified silver nanomaterials. The modified silver nanomaterials are then added to anhydrous ethanol and ultrasonically dispersed for 30-40 min. Cinnamaldehyde is then added, and the mixture is reacted at 60-65℃ for 3.5-4.0 h. After the reaction is complete, the mixture is centrifuged, washed, and dried to obtain antibacterial silver materials.

[0010] In a more optimized manner, when preparing modified silver nanomaterials, the reaction volume ratio of 1,2-propanediol, γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, and silver nitrate aqueous solution is 90:(0.35-0.40):10; when preparing antibacterial silver materials, the reaction mass ratio of modified silver nanomaterials and cinnamaldehyde is 100:(7-10).

[0011] The optimized preparation process for antibacterial zinc oxide materials is as follows: Step S1: Add 1-allylimidazolium and (3-mercaptopropyl)trimethoxysilane to dichloromethane, stir evenly, then add 2,2'-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone, then purge with nitrogen for 8-10 min, and react with ultraviolet light for 7-8 h. After the reaction is completed, rotary evaporate, wash and dry to obtain antibacterial siloxane. Step S2: Add antibacterial siloxane to deionized water and stir until homogeneous to obtain an antibacterial siloxane solution; add nano zinc oxide to anhydrous ethanol, disperse evenly by ultrasonication, and then add the antibacterial siloxane solution dropwise. After the addition is complete, reflux at 80-85℃ for 6.5-7.0h. After the reaction is complete, cool, centrifuge, wash, and dry to obtain antibacterial zinc oxide material.

[0012] In a more optimized manner, when preparing antibacterial siloxane, the reaction mass ratio of 1-allylimidazolium, (3-mercaptopropyl)trimethoxysilane, and 2,2'-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone is 1:(3.0-3.5):0.12; the mass-volume ratio of antibacterial siloxane, deionized water, and nano zinc oxide is (3.0-3.5) g:20 mL:0.5 g.

[0013] A more optimized preparation process for the antibacterial hydrogel solution is as follows: triethanolamine and allyl chloride are mixed and reacted in a closed environment with stirring in a water bath for 20-25 hours at a water bath temperature of 40-42℃. After the reaction, the mixture is dissolved, distilled under reduced pressure, and subjected to an ice-water bath to obtain a propenyl quaternary ammonium salt. Hydroxyethyl acrylamide, acrylic acid, polyvinylpyrrolidone, propenyl quaternary ammonium salt, allyltriphenylphosphonium bromide, 1-allyl imidazole, N'N-methylenebisacrylamide, and 2-hydroxy-4'-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-2-methylphenylacetone are added to deionized water, stirred and dissolved at 25-30℃, and then centrifuged and defoamed for 20-25 minutes to obtain the antibacterial hydrogel solution.

[0014] In a more optimized manner, when preparing the propylene-based quaternary ammonium salt, the reaction molar ratio of triethanolamine to allyl chloride is 1:(1.2-1.3); the content of each component in the antibacterial hydrogel solution is as follows (by mass): 20-30 parts hydroxyethyl acrylamide, 20-30 parts acrylic acid, 20-30 parts polyvinylpyrrolidone, 3-5 parts propylene-based quaternary ammonium salt, 3-5 parts allyltriphenylphosphonium bromide, 10-12 parts 1-allyl imidazole, 3-4 parts N'N-methylenebisacrylamide, 0.05-0.06 parts 2-hydroxy-4'-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-2-methylphenylacetone, and 100-120 parts deionized water.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are: The invention is characterized by preparing modified silver nanomaterials by adding 1,2-propanediol, γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, and an aqueous solution of silver nitrate. The silver nitrate aqueous solution, under the reduction of 1,2-propanediol, yields the silver nanomaterials. Simultaneously, the siloxane polymer formed by the hydrolysis and condensation of γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane coats the surface of the silver nanoparticles, stabilizing and modifying them, preventing further growth and aggregation, ultimately resulting in the modified silver nanomaterials. The modified silver nanomaterials are then mixed with cinnamaldehyde to undergo a Schiff base reaction, yielding an antibacterial silver material. The silver nanomaterials possess excellent antibacterial properties, binding to thiol and amino groups on bacterial cell membranes, disrupting the structure and function of the cell membrane, leading to intracellular leakage and bacterial death. Furthermore, the modified silver nanomaterials undergo a Schiff base reaction with cinnamaldehyde, which itself has antibacterial activity; it inhibits bacterial growth by disrupting bacterial cell membranes and inhibiting bacterial respiration. Therefore, the antibacterial silver material formed by the combination of the two further enhances the antibacterial effect.

[0016] The key feature of this invention is that an antibacterial siloxane is obtained by adding 1-allyl imidazole, (3-mercaptopropyl)trimethoxysilane, and 2,2'-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone to induce a mercapto-olefin click reaction. The antibacterial siloxane, deionized water, and nano-zinc oxide are then mixed and subjected to hydrolysis and condensation reactions to obtain an antibacterial zinc oxide material. The nano-zinc oxide generates electron-hole pairs when exposed to light or in contact with bacteria. These electrons and holes react with surrounding oxygen and water to generate reactive oxygen species. The oxidizing properties of these reactive oxygen species can destroy bacterial cell membranes, proteins, nucleic acids, and other biomolecules, thereby achieving antibacterial activity. Furthermore, the imidazole group in the antibacterial siloxane also inhibits bacterial growth, synergistically enhancing the antibacterial effect with the nano-zinc oxide. Therefore, pipes are prepared by mixing ethylene-propylene thermoplastic elastomers, polypropylene resin, antibacterial silver material, and antibacterial zinc oxide material. In the pipe, antibacterial silver and antibacterial zinc oxide materials are uniformly dispersed in the matrix resin. The various antibacterial components and mechanisms complement and synergistically work together, enabling the pipe to inhibit and kill bacteria from multiple angles when facing different types of bacteria, thus giving the pipe excellent antibacterial properties.

[0017] The invention is characterized by the following steps: A nucleophilic reaction is initiated by adding triethanolamine and allyl chloride to obtain a propylene quaternary ammonium salt; then, hydroxyethyl acrylamide, acrylic acid, polyvinylpyrrolidone, propylene quaternary ammonium salt, allyltriphenylphosphonium bromide, 1-allyl imidazole, N'N-methylenebisacrylamide, and 2-hydroxy-4'-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-2-methylphenylacetone are added to deionized water to induce a copolymerization reaction, yielding an antibacterial hydrogel solution. The pipe is then subjected to sequential water washing, alcohol washing, drying, and plasma treatment to obtain a pretreated pipe. The pretreated pipe is then immersed in the antibacterial hydrogel solution, removed, and irradiated with ultraviolet light to obtain the finished product.

[0018] On the one hand, propylene-based quaternary ammonium salts possess excellent antibacterial properties. Their positively charged ammonium ion head groups can adsorb onto the negatively charged bacterial cell membrane surface, altering cell membrane permeability and leading to bacterial death. The phosphonium ion in allyltriphenylphosphonium bromide, similar to quaternary ammonium salts, also carries a positive charge and can adsorb onto the bacterial surface through electrostatic interactions, disrupting the bacterial cell membrane. The antibacterial active group in 1-allylimidazolium can bind to specific targets within bacteria, interfering with bacterial metabolic processes and inhibiting bacterial growth. Therefore, after copolymerization, multiple antibacterial components are uniformly distributed in the antibacterial hydrogel solution. They inhibit and kill bacteria through different mechanisms and targets, producing a synergistic antibacterial effect and significantly enhancing antibacterial capabilities. On the other hand, in the copolymerization reaction, various monomers form a hydrogel with a three-dimensional cross-linked network structure, which can hold a large amount of water. When the hydrogel on the pipe surface comes into contact with other objects, water molecules can act as a lubricating medium between the contact surfaces, reducing friction. Furthermore, the inherent softness of hydrogels allows them to adapt to different contact surfaces, further reducing frictional resistance and thus giving the finished product excellent lubricity.

[0019] In summary, immersing pretreated pipes in an antibacterial hydrogel solution followed by ultraviolet light irradiation creates a hydrogel coating on the pipe surface that possesses both antibacterial and lubricating properties. The antibacterial components continuously exert their antibacterial effect, resisting bacterial invasion; while the properties of the hydrogel provide the pipe surface with good lubricity, reducing friction with other objects during use and improving the pipe's performance and comfort. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Raw material source: Nano zinc oxide, supplied by Jinda Nanotechnology (Xiamen) Co., Ltd., model number: JDGQP-004; Polyvinylpyrrolidone, supplied by Aladdin Company, specification K88-96; Ethylene-propylene thermoplastic elastomer, supplied by Shanghai Tiansu Trading Co., Ltd., grade 6502; Polypropylene resin, supplied by Shanghai Xinsucheng Plastics Co., Ltd., model K8003; Part by weight is 1g.

[0022] Example 1: Step S1: 1,2-Propanediol and γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane were mixed and heated to 110°C in an oil bath. Then, 0.13 mol / L silver nitrate aqueous solution was slowly added dropwise. After the addition was completed, the reaction was continued for 40 min. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was centrifuged and dried to obtain modified silver nanomaterials. The modified silver nanomaterials were then added to anhydrous ethanol and ultrasonically dispersed for 40 min. Cinnamaldehyde was then added and reacted at 65°C for 4.0 h. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was centrifuged, washed, and dried to obtain antibacterial silver material. When preparing the modified silver nanomaterials, the reaction volume ratio of 1,2-propanediol, γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, and silver nitrate aqueous solution was 90:0.37:10. When preparing the antibacterial silver material, the reaction mass ratio of modified silver nanomaterials and cinnamaldehyde was 100:9. Step S2: 1-Allylimidazolium and (3-mercaptopropyl)trimethoxysilane were added to dichloromethane and stirred until homogeneous. Then, 2,2'-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone was added, and nitrogen gas was introduced for 10 min. After the gas was introduced, the mixture was irradiated with ultraviolet light for 8 h. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was rotary evaporated, washed, and dried to obtain antibacterial siloxane. The mass ratio of 1-allylimidazolium, (3-mercaptopropyl)trimethoxysilane, and 2,2'-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone was 1:3.2:0.12. Step S3: Add antibacterial siloxane to deionized water and stir until homogeneous to obtain an antibacterial siloxane solution; add nano zinc oxide to anhydrous ethanol, disperse evenly by ultrasonication, and then add the antibacterial siloxane solution dropwise. After the addition is complete, reflux at 85℃ for 7.0 h. After the reaction is complete, cool, centrifuge, wash, and dry to obtain antibacterial zinc oxide material; the mass-volume ratio of antibacterial siloxane, deionized water, and nano zinc oxide is 3.2 g: 20 mL: 0.5 g. Step S4: Triethanolamine and allyl chloride are mixed and reacted in a closed environment with stirring in a water bath for 25 hours at a water bath temperature of 42°C. After the reaction is completed, the mixture is dissolved, distilled under reduced pressure, and subjected to an ice-water bath to obtain propylene-based quaternary ammonium salt. The molar ratio of triethanolamine to allyl chloride in the preparation of propylene-based quaternary ammonium salt is 1:1.25. 30g of hydroxyethyl acrylamide, 30g of acrylic acid, 30g of polyvinylpyrrolidone, 5g of propylene quaternary ammonium salt, 5g of allyl triphenylphosphonium bromide, 12g of 1-allyl imidazole, 4g of N'N-methylenebisacrylamide, and 0.06g of 2-hydroxy-4'-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-2-methylphenylacetone were added to 120g of deionized water, stirred and dissolved at 30℃, and then centrifuged and defoamed for 25min to obtain an antibacterial hydrogel solution. Step S5: Mix 90% ethylene-propylene thermoplastic elastomer, 4% polypropylene resin, 1% antibacterial silver material, and 5% antibacterial zinc oxide material, and obtain a pipe by melt extrusion, cooling, and traction; the pipe is then subjected to water washing, alcohol washing, drying, and plasma treatment to obtain a pretreated pipe; the pretreated pipe is then immersed in an antibacterial hydrogel solution, and after 2 minutes, it is removed and subjected to ultraviolet light irradiation for 40 minutes to obtain the finished product; the melt extrusion temperature is 250℃.

[0023] Example 2: Step S1: 1,2-Propanediol and γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane were mixed and heated to 105°C in an oil bath. Then, 0.13 mol / L of silver nitrate aqueous solution was slowly added dropwise. After the addition was completed, the reaction was continued for 35 min. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was centrifuged and dried to obtain modified silver nanomaterials. The modified silver nanomaterials were then added to anhydrous ethanol and ultrasonically dispersed for 35 min. Cinnamaldehyde was then added and the mixture was reacted at 62°C for 3.7 h. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was centrifuged, washed, and dried to obtain antibacterial silver material. When preparing the modified silver nanomaterials, the reaction volume ratio of 1,2-propanediol, γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, and silver nitrate aqueous solution was 90:0.37:10. When preparing the antibacterial silver material, the reaction mass ratio of modified silver nanomaterials and cinnamaldehyde was 100:9. Step S2: 1-Allylimidazolium and (3-mercaptopropyl)trimethoxysilane were added to dichloromethane and stirred until homogeneous. Then 2,2'-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone was added, and nitrogen gas was introduced for 9 minutes. After the gas was introduced, the mixture was irradiated with ultraviolet light for 7.5 hours. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was rotary evaporated, washed, and dried to obtain antibacterial siloxane. The mass ratio of 1-allylimidazolium, (3-mercaptopropyl)trimethoxysilane, and 2,2'-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone was 1:3.2:0.12. Step S3: Add antibacterial siloxane to deionized water and stir until homogeneous to obtain an antibacterial siloxane solution; add nano zinc oxide to anhydrous ethanol, disperse evenly by ultrasonication, and then add the antibacterial siloxane solution dropwise. After the addition is complete, reflux at 82℃ for 6.8 h. After the reaction is complete, cool, centrifuge, wash, and dry to obtain antibacterial zinc oxide material; the mass-volume ratio of antibacterial siloxane, deionized water, and nano zinc oxide is 3.2 g: 20 mL: 0.5 g. Step S4: Triethanolamine and allyl chloride are mixed and reacted in a closed environment with stirring in a water bath for 23 hours at a water bath temperature of 41°C. After the reaction is completed, the mixture is dissolved, distilled under reduced pressure, and subjected to an ice-water bath to obtain propylene-based quaternary ammonium salt. When preparing propylene-based quaternary ammonium salt, the molar ratio of triethanolamine to allyl chloride is 1:1.25. 30g of hydroxyethyl acrylamide, 30g of acrylic acid, 30g of polyvinylpyrrolidone, 5g of propylene quaternary ammonium salt, 5g of allyl triphenylphosphonium bromide, 12g of 1-allyl imidazole, 4g of N'N-methylenebisacrylamide, and 0.06g of 2-hydroxy-4'-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-2-methylphenylacetone were added to 120g of deionized water, stirred and dissolved at 27°C, and then centrifuged and defoamed for 22min to obtain an antibacterial hydrogel solution. Step S5: Mix 90% ethylene-propylene thermoplastic elastomer, 4% polypropylene resin, 1% antibacterial silver material, and 5% antibacterial zinc oxide material, and obtain a pipe by melt extrusion, cooling, and traction; the pipe is then subjected to water washing, alcohol washing, drying, and plasma treatment to obtain a pretreated pipe; the pretreated pipe is then immersed in an antibacterial hydrogel solution for 1.5 minutes, and then removed and reacted with ultraviolet light for 35 minutes to obtain the finished product; the melt extrusion temperature is 215℃.

[0024] Example 3: Step S1: 1,2-Propanediol and γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane were mixed and heated to 100°C in an oil bath. Then, 0.13 mol / L silver nitrate aqueous solution was slowly added dropwise. After the addition was completed, the reaction was continued for 35 min. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was centrifuged and dried to obtain modified silver nanomaterials. The modified silver nanomaterials were then added to anhydrous ethanol and ultrasonically dispersed for 30 min. Cinnamaldehyde was then added and the mixture was reacted at 60°C for 3.5 h. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was centrifuged, washed, and dried to obtain antibacterial silver material. When preparing the modified silver nanomaterials, the reaction volume ratio of 1,2-propanediol, γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, and silver nitrate aqueous solution was 90:0.37:10. When preparing the antibacterial silver material, the reaction mass ratio of modified silver nanomaterials and cinnamaldehyde was 100:9. Step S2: 1-Allylimidazolium and (3-mercaptopropyl)trimethoxysilane were added to dichloromethane and stirred until homogeneous. Then, 2,2'-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone was added, and nitrogen gas was introduced for 8 minutes. After the gas was introduced, the mixture was irradiated with ultraviolet light for 7 hours. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was rotary evaporated, washed, and dried to obtain antibacterial siloxane. The mass ratio of 1-allylimidazolium, (3-mercaptopropyl)trimethoxysilane, and 2,2'-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone was 1:3.2:0.12. Step S3: Add antibacterial siloxane to deionized water and stir until homogeneous to obtain an antibacterial siloxane solution; add nano zinc oxide to anhydrous ethanol, disperse evenly by ultrasonication, and then add the antibacterial siloxane solution dropwise. After the addition is complete, reflux at 80℃ for 6.5 h. After the reaction is complete, cool, centrifuge, wash, and dry to obtain antibacterial zinc oxide material; the mass-volume ratio of antibacterial siloxane, deionized water, and nano zinc oxide is 3.2 g: 20 mL: 0.5 g. Step S4: Triethanolamine and allyl chloride are mixed and reacted in a closed environment with stirring in a water bath for 20 hours at a water bath temperature of 40°C. After the reaction is completed, the mixture is dissolved, distilled under reduced pressure, and subjected to an ice-water bath to obtain propylene-based quaternary ammonium salt. When preparing propylene-based quaternary ammonium salt, the molar ratio of triethanolamine to allyl chloride is 1:1.25. 30g of hydroxyethyl acrylamide, 30g of acrylic acid, 30g of polyvinylpyrrolidone, 5g of propylene quaternary ammonium salt, 5g of allyl triphenylphosphonium bromide, 12g of 1-allyl imidazole, 4g of N'N-methylenebisacrylamide, and 0.06g of 2-hydroxy-4'-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-2-methylphenylacetone were added to 120g of deionized water, stirred and dissolved at 25°C, and then centrifuged and defoamed for 20min to obtain an antibacterial hydrogel solution. Step S5: Mix 90% ethylene-propylene thermoplastic elastomer, 4% polypropylene resin, 1% antibacterial silver material, and 5% antibacterial zinc oxide material, and obtain a pipe by melt extrusion, cooling, and traction; the pipe is then subjected to water washing, alcohol washing, drying, and plasma treatment to obtain a pretreated pipe; the pretreated pipe is then immersed in an antibacterial hydrogel solution, and after 1 minute, the pretreated pipe is removed and reacted with ultraviolet light for 30 minutes to obtain the finished product; the melt extrusion temperature is 180℃.

[0025] Comparative Example 1: The antibacterial silver material was removed, and the rest was the same as in Example 1. The specific steps are as follows: Step S1: 1-Allylimidazolium and (3-mercaptopropyl)trimethoxysilane were added to dichloromethane and stirred evenly. Then 2,2'-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone was added, and nitrogen gas was introduced for 10 min. After the gas was introduced, the mixture was irradiated with ultraviolet light for 8 h. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was rotary evaporated, washed, and dried to obtain antibacterial siloxane. The mass ratio of 1-allylimidazolium, (3-mercaptopropyl)trimethoxysilane, and 2,2'-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone was 1:3.2:0.12. Step S2: Add antibacterial siloxane to deionized water and stir until homogeneous to obtain an antibacterial siloxane solution; add nano zinc oxide to anhydrous ethanol, disperse evenly by ultrasonication, and then add the antibacterial siloxane solution dropwise. After the addition is complete, reflux at 85℃ for 7.0 h. After the reaction is complete, cool, centrifuge, wash, and dry to obtain antibacterial zinc oxide material; the mass-volume ratio of antibacterial siloxane, deionized water, and nano zinc oxide is 3.2 g: 20 mL: 0.5 g. Step S3: Triethanolamine and allyl chloride are mixed and reacted in a closed environment with stirring in a water bath for 25 hours at a water bath temperature of 42°C. After the reaction is completed, the mixture is dissolved, distilled under reduced pressure, and subjected to an ice-water bath to obtain propylene-based quaternary ammonium salt. The molar ratio of triethanolamine to allyl chloride in the preparation of propylene-based quaternary ammonium salt is 1:1.25. 30g of hydroxyethyl acrylamide, 30g of acrylic acid, 30g of polyvinylpyrrolidone, 5g of propylene quaternary ammonium salt, 5g of allyl triphenylphosphonium bromide, 12g of 1-allyl imidazole, 4g of N'N-methylenebisacrylamide, and 0.06g of 2-hydroxy-4'-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-2-methylphenylacetone were added to 120g of deionized water, stirred and dissolved at 30℃, and then centrifuged and defoamed for 25min to obtain an antibacterial hydrogel solution. Step S4: Mix 91% ethylene-propylene thermoplastic elastomer, 4% polypropylene resin, and 5% antibacterial zinc oxide material, and obtain a pipe by melt extrusion, cooling, and traction; the pipe is then subjected to water washing, alcohol washing, drying, and plasma treatment to obtain a pretreated pipe; the pretreated pipe is then immersed in an antibacterial hydrogel solution, and after 2 minutes, the pretreated pipe is removed and subjected to ultraviolet light irradiation for 40 minutes to obtain the finished product; the melt extrusion temperature is 250℃.

[0026] Comparative Example 2: The antibacterial silver material and antibacterial zinc oxide material were removed, and the rest was the same as in Example 1. The specific steps are as follows: Step S1: Triethanolamine and allyl chloride were mixed and reacted in a closed environment with stirring in a water bath for 25 hours at a water bath temperature of 42°C. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was dissolved, distilled under reduced pressure, and subjected to an ice-water bath to obtain propylene-based quaternary ammonium salt. When preparing propylene-based quaternary ammonium salt, the molar ratio of triethanolamine to allyl chloride was 1:1.25. 30g of hydroxyethyl acrylamide, 30g of acrylic acid, 30g of polyvinylpyrrolidone, 5g of propylene quaternary ammonium salt, 5g of allyl triphenylphosphonium bromide, 12g of 1-allyl imidazole, 4g of N'N-methylenebisacrylamide, and 0.06g of 2-hydroxy-4'-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-2-methylphenylacetone were added to 120g of deionized water, stirred and dissolved at 30℃, and then centrifuged and defoamed for 25min to obtain an antibacterial hydrogel solution. Step S2: Mix 96% ethylene-propylene thermoplastic elastomer and 4% polypropylene resin, and obtain pipe by melt extrusion, cooling and traction; wash the pipe with water, wash with alcohol, dry and plasma treat in sequence to obtain pretreated pipe; then immerse the pretreated pipe in antibacterial hydrogel solution, take out the pretreated pipe after 2 minutes, and react with ultraviolet light for 40 minutes to obtain the finished product; the melt extrusion temperature is 250℃.

[0027] Comparative Example 3: The antibacterial hydrogel solution was removed, and the rest was the same as in Example 1. The specific steps are as follows: Step S1: 1,2-propanediol and γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane were mixed and heated to 110°C in an oil bath. Then, 0.13 mol / L silver nitrate aqueous solution was slowly added dropwise. After the addition was completed, the reaction continued for 40 min. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was centrifuged and dried to obtain modified silver nanomaterials. The modified silver nanomaterials were then added to anhydrous ethanol and ultrasonically dispersed for 40 min. Cinnamaldehyde was added, and the mixture was reacted at 65°C for 4.0 h. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was centrifuged, washed, and dried to obtain antibacterial silver material. When preparing the modified silver nanomaterials, the reaction volume ratio of 1,2-propanediol, γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, and silver nitrate aqueous solution was 90:0.37:10. When preparing the antibacterial silver material, the reaction mass ratio of modified silver nanomaterials and cinnamaldehyde was 100:9. Step S2: 1-Allylimidazolium and (3-mercaptopropyl)trimethoxysilane were added to dichloromethane and stirred until homogeneous. Then, 2,2'-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone was added, and nitrogen gas was introduced for 10 min. After the gas was introduced, the mixture was irradiated with ultraviolet light for 8 h. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was rotary evaporated, washed, and dried to obtain antibacterial siloxane. The mass ratio of 1-allylimidazolium, (3-mercaptopropyl)trimethoxysilane, and 2,2'-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone was 1:3.2:0.12. Step S3: Add antibacterial siloxane to deionized water and stir until homogeneous to obtain an antibacterial siloxane solution; add nano zinc oxide to anhydrous ethanol, disperse evenly by ultrasonication, and then add the antibacterial siloxane solution dropwise. After the addition is complete, reflux at 85℃ for 7.0 h. After the reaction is complete, cool, centrifuge, wash, and dry to obtain antibacterial zinc oxide material; the mass-volume ratio of antibacterial siloxane, deionized water, and nano zinc oxide is 3.2 g: 20 mL: 0.5 g. Step S4: Mix 90% ethylene-propylene thermoplastic elastomer, 4% polypropylene resin, 1% antibacterial silver material, and 5% antibacterial zinc oxide material, and then melt extrude, cool, and pull to obtain the finished product; wherein the melt extrusion temperature is 250℃.

[0028] Testing and experimentation: Antibacterial test: The finished product prepared according to this invention was cut into samples with a size of 1×1cm. *E. coli* was cultured in LB medium with shaking for 10-12 hours to obtain a bacterial suspension with a concentration of 10⁸ cells / mL. This bacterial suspension was inoculated into fresh LB medium, and the samples were placed in the medium. After incubation at 37℃ for 2 days, the bacterial suspension was aspirated and diluted. The diluted bacterial suspension was then spread onto a solid plate and incubated at 37℃ for 20 hours. Bacterial colonies were then counted and the antibacterial rate was calculated using the formula.

[0029] Lubricity test: The finished product prepared according to this invention was cut into samples with a size of 2×4cm, and then the samples were immersed in deionized water for 3-5 minutes before testing. A TRB3 friction and wear testing machine was used to conduct reciprocating friction tests on the samples with a vertical load of 2N. In the friction test, the friction coefficient of the sample surface was analyzed using InstrumX software. The results are shown in the table below: Conclusion: In Examples 1-3, the dosage remained unchanged, with only some reaction parameters modified. Experimental data show that the various properties of the samples did not exhibit significant fluctuations.

[0030] Comparative Example 1: The antibacterial silver material was removed, and the rest was the same as in Example 1. The experimental data showed that the antibacterial rate was reduced to 92.9% compared with Example 1. The reason for this is that the antibacterial silver material contains antibacterial substances such as silver nanoparticles and cinnamaldehyde, so it has good antibacterial properties. Therefore, removing it reduces the antibacterial rate.

[0031] Comparative Example 2: The antibacterial silver material and antibacterial zinc oxide material were removed, and the rest was the same as in Example 1. The experimental data showed that the antibacterial rate was reduced to 82.3% compared with Example 1. The reason for this is that the antibacterial zinc oxide material was removed from Comparative Example 1. The antibacterial zinc oxide material contains antibacterial substances such as zinc oxide and imidazole, so it has good antibacterial properties. Therefore, removing it reduces the antibacterial rate.

[0032] Comparative Example 3: The antibacterial hydrogel solution was removed, while the rest remained the same as in Example 1. Experimental data showed that compared to Example 1, the antibacterial rate decreased to 79.1%, and the coefficient of friction increased to 0.325. The reason for this is that the antibacterial hydrogel solution contains antibacterial components such as quaternary ammonium salts, quaternary phosphonium salts, and imidazoles, thus possessing good antibacterial properties. Therefore, removing it reduced the antibacterial rate. Furthermore, this antibacterial hydrogel solution has a three-dimensional cross-linked network structure, which can accommodate a large amount of water. Water molecules can act as a lubricating medium between contact surfaces, reducing friction. Therefore, removing it increased the coefficient of friction.

[0033] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process method article or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process method article or apparatus.

[0034] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a disposable visual double-lumen endotracheal cannula, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Ethylene-propylene thermoplastic elastomer, polypropylene resin, antibacterial silver material, and antibacterial zinc oxide material are mixed, melt-extruded, cooled, and drawn to obtain pipes; the pipes are then subjected to water washing, alcohol washing, drying, and plasma treatment to obtain pretreated pipes; the pretreated pipes are then immersed in an antibacterial hydrogel solution, removed, and irradiated with ultraviolet light to obtain the finished product; The preparation process of antibacterial silver material is as follows: 1,2-propanediol and γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane are mixed and heated in an oil bath to 100-110℃. Then, 0.12-0.15 mol / L of silver nitrate aqueous solution is slowly added dropwise. After the addition is completed, the reaction continues for 30-40 min. After the reaction is completed, the material is centrifuged and dried to obtain modified silver nanomaterial. The modified nano-silver material was then added to anhydrous ethanol and ultrasonically dispersed for 30-40 min. Cinnamaldehyde was then added, and the mixture was reacted at 60-65℃ for 3.5-4.0 h. After the reaction was completed, the material was centrifuged, washed, and dried to obtain the antibacterial silver material. The preparation process of antibacterial zinc oxide material is as follows: Step S1: Add 1-allylimidazolium and (3-mercaptopropyl)trimethoxysilane to dichloromethane, stir evenly, then add 2,2'-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone, then purge with nitrogen for 8-10 min, and react with ultraviolet light for 7-8 h. After the reaction is completed, rotary evaporate, wash and dry to obtain antibacterial siloxane. Step S2: Add antibacterial siloxane to deionized water and stir until homogeneous to obtain an antibacterial siloxane solution; add nano zinc oxide to anhydrous ethanol, disperse evenly by ultrasonication, and then add the antibacterial siloxane solution dropwise. After the addition is complete, reflux at 80-85℃ for 6.5-7.0h. After the reaction is complete, cool, centrifuge, wash, and dry to obtain antibacterial zinc oxide material.

2. The method for preparing a disposable visual double-lumen endotracheal cannula according to claim 1, characterized in that: The components of the pipe are as follows (by mass fraction): 88-92% ethylene-propylene thermoplastic elastomer, 0.5-1.0% antibacterial silver material, 3-5% antibacterial zinc oxide material, and the balance is polypropylene resin; the melt extrusion temperature is 180-250℃.

3. The method for preparing a disposable visual double-lumen endotracheal cannula according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pretreated pipe is immersed in an antibacterial hydrogel solution for 1-2 minutes, then removed and subjected to ultraviolet light irradiation for 30-40 minutes to obtain the finished product.

4. The method for preparing a disposable visual double-lumen endotracheal cannula according to claim 1, characterized in that: When preparing modified silver nanomaterials, the reaction volume ratio of 1,2-propanediol, γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, and silver nitrate aqueous solution is 90:(0.35-0.40):10; when preparing antibacterial silver materials, the reaction mass ratio of modified silver nanomaterials and cinnamaldehyde is 100:(7-10).

5. The method for preparing a disposable visual double-lumen endotracheal cannula according to claim 1, characterized in that: When preparing antibacterial siloxane, the reaction mass ratio of 1-allylimidazolium, (3-mercaptopropyl)trimethoxysilane, and 2,2'-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone is 1:(3.0-3.5):0.12; the mass-volume ratio of antibacterial siloxane, deionized water, and nano zinc oxide is (3.0-3.5) g:20 mL:0.5 g.

6. The method for preparing a disposable visual double-lumen endotracheal cannula according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation process of the antibacterial hydrogel solution is as follows: triethanolamine and allyl chloride are mixed and reacted in a closed environment with water bath stirring for 20-25 hours at a water bath temperature of 40-42℃. After the reaction is completed, the solution is dissolved, distilled under reduced pressure, and subjected to an ice-water bath to obtain propylene quaternary ammonium salt. Hydroxyethyl acrylamide, acrylic acid, polyvinylpyrrolidone, propylene quaternary ammonium salt, allyltriphenylphosphonium bromide, 1-allyl imidazole, N'N-methylenebisacrylamide, and 2-hydroxy-4'-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-2-methylphenylacetone are added to deionized water and stirred to dissolve at 25-30℃. After centrifugation and defoaming for 20-25 minutes, the antibacterial hydrogel solution is obtained.

7. The method for preparing a disposable visual double-lumen endotracheal cannula according to claim 6, characterized in that: When preparing the propylene-based quaternary ammonium salt, the reaction molar ratio of triethanolamine to allyl chloride is 1:(1.2-1.3); the content of each component in the antibacterial hydrogel solution is as follows (by mass): 20-30 parts hydroxyethyl acrylamide, 20-30 parts acrylic acid, 20-30 parts polyvinylpyrrolidone, 3-5 parts propylene-based quaternary ammonium salt, 3-5 parts allyltriphenylphosphonium bromide, 10-12 parts 1-allyl imidazole, 3-4 parts N'N-methylenebisacrylamide, 0.05-0.06 parts 2-hydroxy-4'-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-2-methylphenylacetone, and 100-120 parts deionized water.

8. A disposable visual double-lumen endotracheal tube, characterized in that, Prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1-7.

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