A multi-range pressure detection method

Abstract

The application provides a multi-range pressure detection method, and belongs to the technical field of pressure sensors.The multi-range pressure detection method comprises the following steps: S10, using a main sensor S1 to pre-detect a measured air pressure to obtain a pressure value P0; S20, a pressure switching valve is arranged at the detection position of a plurality of auxiliary sensors S2-Sn; S30, judging whether the pressure value P0 is less than or equal to the range of the auxiliary sensor S2; if the pressure value P0 is less than or equal to the range of the auxiliary sensor S2, the auxiliary sensors S2-Sx detect the measured air pressure to obtain pressure values P2-Px, and the average value P' of the pressure values P2-Px is taken as a final pressure value; S40, if the pressure value P0 is greater than the range of the auxiliary sensor S2, a micro control unit controls the pressure switching valve to be closed, the main sensor S1 repeatedly measures the measured air pressure to obtain pressure values P01-P0m, and the average value P'' of the pressure values P01-P0m is taken as the final pressure value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of pressure sensor technology, specifically relating to a multi-range pressure detection method. Background Technology

[0002] The range of a pressure sensor is fixed, and the detection accuracy varies with different ranges. For example, the detection accuracy of a pressure sensor with a range of 4 MPa is ±0.5%FS (full-scale accuracy), which, according to the error calculation formula, means that the maximum absolute error is ±0.02 MPa.

[0003] In actual measurements, the range of the pressure sensor needs to be greater than the measured air pressure. For example, a pressure sensor with a range of 4MPa is required for an air pressure of 3MPa, in which case an error of ±0.02MPa is within the allowable range. However, when measuring an air pressure of 0.1MPa, if a pressure sensor with a range of 4MPa is used, the error of ±0.02MPa will be too large.

[0004] Existing pressure detection processes all use a sensor with a large range for measurement. This sensor can meet the detection of various air pressure ranges, but the smaller the air pressure, the greater the error in the detection result, and it cannot meet the requirement of simultaneous detection of multiple air pressures. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a multi-range pressure detection method, which aims to solve the technical problem that existing pressure detection processes use a single sensor for measurement, resulting in larger errors for smaller air pressures and failing to meet the requirements for simultaneous detection of multiple air pressures.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: to provide a multi-range pressure detection method, comprising:

[0007] S10: Use the main sensor S1 to pre-detect the air pressure to be measured, obtain the pressure value P0, and transmit the pressure value P0 to the microcontroller unit;

[0008] S20: Multiple auxiliary sensors S2~Sn with a range smaller than that of the main sensor form an auxiliary measurement module, and the range gradually decreases from auxiliary sensor S2 to auxiliary sensor Sn. Pressure switching valves are provided at the detection points of multiple auxiliary sensors S2~Sn.

[0009] S30: Determine whether the pressure value P0 is less than or equal to the range of the auxiliary sensor S2. If the pressure value P0 is less than or equal to the range of the auxiliary sensor S2, the microcontroller controls the pressure switching valve to open the detection ports corresponding to all auxiliary sensors S2~Sx with ranges greater than or equal to the pressure value P0, x≤n. The auxiliary sensors S2~Sx detect the measured air pressure respectively to obtain pressure values ​​P2~Px, and take the average value P´ of the pressure values ​​P2~Px as the final pressure value.

[0010] S40: If the pressure value P0 is greater than the range of the auxiliary sensor S2, the microcontroller controls the pressure switching valve to close, and the main sensor S1 repeatedly measures the measured air pressure to obtain pressure values ​​P01~P0m, and takes the average value P´´ of the pressure values ​​P01~P0m as the final pressure value.

[0011] In one possible implementation, step S40 includes:

[0012] The main sensor S1 repeatedly measures the pressure of the gas being measured to obtain pressure values ​​P01~P0m, and inputs the data into the microcontroller unit;

[0013] The microcontroller grouped the pressure values ​​P01~P0m, grouping continuously increasing or continuously decreasing data into one group to obtain data groups H1, H2, ..., Hz;

[0014] Calculate the weight D for each data group = number of data points in the data group / m, to obtain the weights D1, D2, ..., Dz:

[0015] Calculate the average values ​​H1´, H2´, ..., Hz´ of all pressure values ​​in each data set;

[0016] P´´=D1×H1´+D2×H2´+…+Dz×Hz´.

[0017] In one possible implementation, step S40 further includes removing abnormal data:

[0018] The main sensor S1 repeatedly measures the air pressure to be measured to obtain P01´~P0w´, where w is greater than or equal to m;

[0019] Calculate the average value Pμ = (P01´ + P02´ + ... + P0w´) / w;

[0020] Calculate the standard deviation ;

[0021] Pressure values ​​outside the range of [Pμ-3Pσ, Pμ+3Pσ] are discarded, resulting in pressure values ​​P01~P0m.

[0022] In one possible implementation, the measurement process of the auxiliary sensors S2~Sx includes:

[0023] Auxiliary sensors S2~Sx measure the air pressure to be measured and obtain pressure values ​​P2~Px respectively;

[0024] The pressure values ​​P2 to Px are processed separately: the deviation between pressure value P2 and auxiliary sensor S2 is calculated to obtain P2max and P2min; the deviation between pressure value P3 and auxiliary sensor S3 is calculated to obtain P3max and P3min; ..., the deviation between pressure value Px and auxiliary sensor Sx is calculated to obtain Pxmax and Pxmin.

[0025] Calculate the first average value P 平均1 =(P2max+P3max+…+Pxmax) / x;

[0026] Calculate the second average value P 平均2 =(P2min+P3min+…+Pxmin) / x

[0027] Average value P' = (P 平均1 +P 平均2 ) / 2.

[0028] In one possible implementation, the calculation process for pressure values ​​P2~Px is as follows:

[0029] The auxiliary sensor S2 performs multiple measurements on the gas being measured to obtain P21, P22, ..., P2v, where P2 = (P21 + P22 + ... + P2v) / v;

[0030] The auxiliary sensor S3 performs multiple measurements on the gas being measured to obtain P31, P32, ..., P3v, where P3 = (P31 + P32 + ... + P3v) / v;

[0031] ...;

[0032] The auxiliary sensor Sx performs multiple measurements on the gas to be measured to obtain Px1, Px2, ..., Pxv, where Px = (Px1 + Px2 + ... + Pxv) / v.

[0033] In one possible implementation, the range of the main sensor S1 is 3 to 5 times the range of the auxiliary sensor S2;

[0034] The ranges of the auxiliary sensors S3 to Sn are 1 / 2 to 2 / 3 of the range of the previous auxiliary sensor, respectively.

[0035] In one possible implementation, each auxiliary sensor S2~Sn is connected in series with an alarm sensor T2~Tn. The range of the alarm sensor is greater than the range of the corresponding auxiliary sensor. When the auxiliary sensor detects the pressure value, the corresponding alarm sensor also detects the pressure value. When the alarm sensor detects that the pressure value exceeds the range of the corresponding auxiliary sensor, it transmits an alarm signal to the microcontroller unit, and the microcontroller unit closes the pressure switching valve.

[0036] In one possible implementation, the range of the alarm sensor is 1.2 to 1.5 times that of the corresponding auxiliary sensor.

[0037] In one possible implementation, when multiple auxiliary sensors S2~Sx detect the pressure to be measured, if the pressure value detected by more than (x-1) / 2 of the multiple auxiliary sensors S2~Sx is in a state of continuous decline within a first preset time t1, then the auxiliary sensor S2 with the largest range among the multiple auxiliary sensors S2~Sx is turned off. If the pressure value detected by the remaining auxiliary sensors S3~Sx is still in a state of continuous decline within a second preset time t2, then the auxiliary sensor S(x+1) is turned on.

[0038] In one possible implementation, after the auxiliary sensor S(x+1) is turned on for measurement, the microcontroller controls the auxiliary sensor S(x+1) to perform 3 to 5 consecutive measurements to obtain the initial pressure value and compare it with the average value of the measurements of S3 to Sx. If the deviation is less than 5%, it is included in the detection group for P´ calculation.

[0039] If the pressure value detected by the auxiliary sensors S3~Sx does not continue to decrease within the second preset time t2, and the fluctuation range is greater than 3%, then the current sensor combination will continue to detect, and the pressure change trend will be judged repeatedly at every time interval t1.

[0040] The solution shown in this application, compared with the prior art, uses the main sensor S1 as the core for pre-detection and high-pressure measurement. Its range is greater than that of all auxiliary sensors. When the measured air pressure P0 exceeds the range of auxiliary sensor S2 (i.e., high-pressure scenario), the main sensor alone undertakes the measurement task, ensuring effective detection under high-pressure conditions and avoiding the problem of small-range sensors being damaged or unable to measure due to exceeding their range. The ranges of auxiliary sensors S2~Sn decrease sequentially, forming a gradient range system. When P0 is less than or equal to the range of auxiliary sensor S2 (i.e., low-pressure scenario), only auxiliary sensors S2~Sx with a range ≥ P0 are activated for measurement. This range-adaptive detection method ensures that the range of each participating auxiliary sensor is closer to the measured low pressure, fundamentally reducing the relative error caused by large-range sensors measuring low pressure and resolving the core contradiction that a single sensor cannot simultaneously handle high and low pressure detection. For low-pressure scenarios, multiple auxiliary sensors S2~Sx with adapted ranges are activated simultaneously for detection. The measurement data from multiple sensors are used to verify and supplement each other, avoiding the influence of random or systematic errors from a single small-range sensor on the results. The average value P´ of all auxiliary sensor pressure values ​​P2~Px involved in the measurement is taken as the final result. Data fusion is used to offset the random errors of individual sensors, further reducing measurement deviation. Compared to a single measurement by a single sensor, this method significantly reduces the relative error in low-pressure detection, meeting the requirements for high-precision detection. The pre-detection step of the main sensor S1 quickly obtains the measured air pressure P0, providing a basis for the selection of subsequent measurement modules, avoiding data redundancy or energy waste caused by blindly activating multiple sensors, and improving detection efficiency. The microcontroller controls the opening and closing of the pressure switching valve, enabling selective opening / closing of the auxiliary sensor detection ports. The auxiliary sensor modules adopt a parallel design, which, together with the pressure switching valve, allows for flexible start / stop, facilitating the addition / reduction of the number of auxiliary sensors according to detection needs, thus expanding the measurement range coverage. Attached Figure Description

[0041] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the multi-range pressure detection method provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0042] To make the technical problems to be solved, the technical solutions, and the beneficial effects of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0043] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually illustrative only and is in no way intended to limit this application or its application or use.

[0044] In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values.

[0045] Please refer to the following: Figure 1 The multi-range pressure detection method provided by this invention will now be described. The multi-range pressure detection method includes:

[0046] S10: Use the main sensor S1 to pre-detect the air pressure to be measured, obtain the pressure value P0, and transmit the pressure value P0 to the microcontroller unit;

[0047] S20: Multiple auxiliary sensors S2~Sn with a range smaller than that of the main sensor form an auxiliary measurement module, and the range gradually decreases from auxiliary sensor S2 to auxiliary sensor Sn. Pressure switching valves are provided at the detection points of multiple auxiliary sensors S2~Sn.

[0048] S30: Determine whether the pressure value P0 is less than or equal to the range of the auxiliary sensor S2. If the pressure value P0 is less than or equal to the range of the auxiliary sensor S2, the microcontroller controls the pressure switching valve to open the detection ports corresponding to all auxiliary sensors S2~Sx with ranges greater than or equal to the pressure value P0, x≤n. The auxiliary sensors S2~Sx detect the measured air pressure respectively to obtain pressure values ​​P2~Px, and take the average value P´ of the pressure values ​​P2~Px as the final pressure value.

[0049] S40: If the pressure value P0 is greater than the range of the auxiliary sensor S2, the microcontroller controls the pressure switching valve to close, and the main sensor S1 repeatedly measures the measured air pressure to obtain pressure values ​​P01~P0m, and takes the average value P´´ of the pressure values ​​P01~P0m as the final pressure value.

[0050] The multi-range pressure detection method provided in this embodiment, compared with the prior art, uses the main sensor S1 as the core for pre-detection and high-pressure measurement. Its range is greater than that of all auxiliary sensors. When the measured air pressure P0 exceeds the range of auxiliary sensor S2 (i.e., high-pressure scenario), the main sensor undertakes the measurement task alone, ensuring effective detection under high-pressure conditions and avoiding the problem of small-range sensors being damaged or unable to measure due to exceeding their range. The ranges of auxiliary sensors S2 to Sn decrease sequentially, forming a gradient range system. When P0 is less than or equal to the range of auxiliary sensor S2 (i.e., low-pressure scenario), only auxiliary sensors S2 to Sx with a range ≥ P0 are activated to participate in the measurement. This range-adaptive detection method makes the range of each auxiliary sensor participating in the measurement closer to the measured low pressure, fundamentally reducing the relative error caused by a large-range sensor measuring low pressure, and solving the core contradiction that a single sensor cannot simultaneously handle high and low pressure detection. For low-pressure scenarios, multiple auxiliary sensors S2~Sx with adapted measurement ranges are activated simultaneously for detection. The measurement data from multiple sensors are cross-validated and supplemented, avoiding the influence of random or systematic errors from a single small-range sensor on the results. The average value P´ of all participating auxiliary sensor pressure values ​​P2~Px is taken as the final result. Data fusion is used to offset the random errors of a single sensor, further reducing measurement deviation. Compared to a single sensor measurement, this method significantly reduces the relative error in low-pressure detection, meeting high-precision detection requirements. The pre-detection step of the main sensor S1 quickly obtains the measured air pressure P0, providing a basis for the selection of subsequent measurement modules and avoiding data redundancy or energy waste caused by blindly activating multiple sensors, thus improving detection efficiency. A microcontroller unit controls the opening and closing of the pressure switching valve, enabling selective opening / closing of the auxiliary sensor detection ports. The auxiliary sensor modules adopt a parallel design, which, combined with the pressure switching valve, allows for flexible start / stop, facilitating the addition / reduction of the number of auxiliary sensors to expand the measurement range coverage as needed.

[0051] In some embodiments, step S40 includes:

[0052] The main sensor S1 repeatedly measures the pressure of the gas being measured to obtain pressure values ​​P01~P0m, and inputs the data into the microcontroller unit;

[0053] The microcontroller grouped the pressure values ​​P01~P0m, grouping continuously increasing or continuously decreasing data into one group to obtain data groups H1, H2, ..., Hz;

[0054] Calculate the weight D for each data group = number of data points in the data group / m, to obtain the weights D1, D2, ..., Dz:

[0055] Calculate the average values ​​H1´, H2´, ..., Hz´ of all pressure values ​​in each data set;

[0056] P´´=D1×H1´+D2×H2´+…+Dz×Hz´.

[0057] In high-pressure scenarios, the measured air pressure may exhibit slow, gradual increases or decreases, or the data may show a phased trend due to environmental interference. After grouping, each group of data has a uniform trend (increasing or decreasing), avoiding mutual interference between data with different trends and reducing systematic errors caused by data mixing.

[0058] The data sets in different trend segments contain different sample sizes, and their statistical reliability and representativeness vary: the larger the sample size of the data set, the better it reflects the true state of air pressure, and the more obvious the effect of offsetting random errors is; the smaller the sample size of the data set, the more it may be affected by random interference and the weaker its representativeness.

[0059] The larger the sample size of the data group, the greater its contribution to the final result P'', ensuring that the result can reflect the pattern of highly reliable data first; the impact of the data group with a very small sample size is reasonably weakened, avoiding the dominance of a small number of abnormal trend data on the measurement result, and making the final value more in line with the true level of air pressure.

[0060] In this embodiment, the calculation of weights strengthens the role of effective data and weakens the interference of secondary data through weight allocation, thereby reducing the random fluctuations of the overall results and significantly improving the repeatability and stability of high-voltage measurements.

[0061] In some embodiments, step S40 further includes removing outlier data:

[0062] The main sensor S1 repeatedly measures the air pressure to be measured to obtain P01´~P0w´, where w is greater than or equal to m;

[0063] Calculate the average value Pμ = (P01´ + P02´ + ... + P0w´) / w;

[0064] Calculate the standard deviation ;

[0065] Pressure values ​​outside the range of [Pμ-3Pσ, Pμ+3Pσ] are discarded, resulting in pressure values ​​P01~P0m.

[0066] In high-voltage measurement environments, the main sensor may generate extreme outlier data due to transient interference or sensor malfunction. Under normal distribution characteristics, valid data will fall within the range of [Pμ-3Pσ, Pμ+3Pσ], and data outside this range are considered extreme outliers. By calculating the mean Pμ and standard deviation Pσ of the original data, extreme outliers can be accurately identified and removed, preventing outliers from contaminating valid data. This outlier removal process eliminates true outliers without mistakenly deleting data within the normal fluctuation range, ensuring the integrity and validity of the data.

[0067] After removing outlier data, the pressure values ​​P01~P0m are obtained, and the data trend more closely matches the actual measured air pressure, ensuring that the results of the above grouped calculations are close to the true values. The fluctuation range of pressure values ​​P01~P0m is more concentrated, reflecting the normal arbitrary error of the sensor, and the consistency of multiple measurement results is significantly improved.

[0068] This calculation process eliminates the need for additional hardware anti-interference modules; software algorithms alone can filter out most abnormal data caused by transient interference, reducing hardware costs and design complexity. The microcontroller unit can complete calculations quickly without affecting overall detection efficiency. Based on the statistical characteristics of a normal distribution, manual threshold setting is unnecessary, avoiding the adaptability issues of empirical thresholds in different scenarios and reducing system debugging and maintenance costs.

[0069] In some embodiments, the measurement process of the auxiliary sensors S2~Sx includes:

[0070] Auxiliary sensors S2~Sx measure the air pressure to be measured and obtain pressure values ​​P2~Px respectively;

[0071] The pressure values ​​P2 to Px are processed separately: the deviation between pressure value P2 and auxiliary sensor S2 is calculated to obtain P2max and P2min; the deviation between pressure value P3 and auxiliary sensor S3 is calculated to obtain P3max and P3min; ..., the deviation between pressure value Px and auxiliary sensor Sx is calculated to obtain Pxmax and Pxmin.

[0072] Calculate the first average value P 平均1 =(P2max+P3max+…+Pxmax) / x;

[0073] Calculate the second average value P 平均2 =(P2min+P3min+…+Pxmin) / x

[0074] Average value P' = (P 平均1 +P 平均2 ) / 2.

[0075] For example, if the error of auxiliary sensor S2 is ±0.02 MPa, then P2max = P2 + 0.02, P2min = P2 - 0.02. Following this principle, P3max and P3min, ..., Pxmax and Pxmin are calculated. This calculation process, based on the deviation characteristics of the auxiliary sensor itself, calculates the range that the true value may cover. This range can completely reflect the measurement deviation range of a single auxiliary sensor, rather than an isolated measurement point, thus avoiding the loss of deviation information caused by using only a single measurement value.

[0076] Regardless of whether the auxiliary sensor has a fixed system deviation or a random fluctuation deviation, Pmax and Pmin can completely cover the deviation range, providing a data basis for subsequent deviation compensation.

[0077] Calculate the average of Pmax for all auxiliary sensors. This value reflects the central tendency of the upper limits of deviation for all auxiliary sensors. The aggregated average of Pmax naturally neutralizes the extreme upper limits of deviation for individual auxiliary sensors, preventing the upper limits of deviation for a single auxiliary sensor from skewing the overall result. Similarly, calculate the average of Pmin for all auxiliary sensors, reflecting the central tendency of the lower limits of deviation, which also neutralizes the extreme lower limits of deviation for individual auxiliary sensors.

[0078] Take the first average value P 平均1 Compared with the second average P 平均2 The median value, P', is used as the final result. Essentially, it represents the center positioning of the deviation range. This center value avoids both the upper and lower limits of the deviation from all sensors, precisely locking onto the core range where the actual air pressure value lies.

[0079] For example, when three auxiliary sensors measure low pressure, S2's P2max = 0.102 MPa and P2min = 0.098 MPa (deviation ±0.002 MPa), S3's P3max = 0.101 MPa and P3min = 0.099 MPa (deviation ±0.001 MPa), and S4's P4max = 0.1005 MPa and P4min = 0.0995 MPa (deviation ±0.0005 MPa). The first average value P... 平均1 = (0.102 + 0.101 + 0.1005) / 3 = 0.10012 MPa, second average value P 平均2 = (0.098 + 0.099 + 0.0995) / 3 = 0.09883 MPa, and finally P' = (0.10012 + 0.09883) / 2 = 0.099475 MPa.

[0080] In some embodiments, the calculation process for pressure values ​​P2~Px is as follows:

[0081] The auxiliary sensor S2 performs multiple measurements on the gas being measured to obtain P21, P22, ..., P2v, where P2 = (P21 + P22 + ... + P2v) / v;

[0082] The auxiliary sensor S3 performs multiple measurements on the gas being measured to obtain P31, P32, ..., P3v, where P3 = (P31 + P32 + ... + P3v) / v;

[0083] ...;

[0084] The auxiliary sensor Sx performs multiple measurements on the gas to be measured to obtain Px1, Px2, ..., Pxv, where Px = (Px1 + Px2 + ... + Pxv) / v.

[0085] The random errors from multiple measurements follow a normal distribution, with positive and negative deviations canceling each other out. The average value is closer to the sensor's true measurement capability, significantly reducing the dispersion of single sensor measurements.

[0086] The auxiliary sensor S2 performed five measurements on the 0.1MPa low pressure, obtaining P21=0.101MPa, P22=0.099MPa, P23=0.102MPa, P24=0.098MPa, P25=0.100MPa, with an average value of P2=0.100MPa.

[0087] The average values ​​P2~Px from multiple measurements filter out the interference of random fluctuations, making the data more clearly present the systematic bias characteristics of the sensor. For example, P2 of S2 is always 0.001MPa higher than the true value, and P3 of S3 is always 0.0005MPa lower.

[0088] If P2 is a single random value, it may be mistakenly judged that the upper limit of the deviation of S2 is higher; while if P2 is an average value of multiple values, it can truly reflect the system deviation level of S2, making the subsequent calculation of Pmax and Pmin more in line with the actual performance of the sensor, and avoiding the distortion of the fusion result caused by random errors being misjudged as system deviations.

[0089] All auxiliary sensors S2~Sx are generated by averaging multiple measurements to ensure that the output data of each sensor is in the same precision dimension with low random error and high stability.

[0090] In some embodiments, the range of the main sensor S1 is 3 to 5 times the range of the auxiliary sensor S2;

[0091] The ranges of the auxiliary sensors S3 to Sn are 1 / 2 to 2 / 3 of the range of the previous auxiliary sensor, respectively.

[0092] A ratio of 3 to 5 times ensures that the range of the main sensor is much larger than that of the auxiliary sensor S2, which not only guarantees high-voltage coverage but also avoids the waste of accuracy caused by the redundancy of the main sensor's range. This keeps the relative error of the main sensor within a reasonable range during high-voltage measurement, meeting the full coverage requirements of high-voltage scenarios.

[0093] The proportional design of multiple auxiliary sensors ensures that the measurement ranges of adjacent auxiliary sensors have a moderate overlap, avoiding range gaps. The accuracy requirements in the low-pressure range increase as the pressure decreases, and the 1 / 2 to 2 / 3 gradient design allows the measurement range of each auxiliary sensor to closely match the low-pressure range of its corresponding interval.

[0094] For example, S1=6Mpa, S2=2MPa, S3=1MPa, S4=0.5MPa, S5=0.25Mpa.

[0095] In some embodiments, each auxiliary sensor S2~Sn is connected in series with an alarm sensor T2~Tn. The range of the alarm sensor is greater than the range of the corresponding auxiliary sensor. When the auxiliary sensor detects the pressure value, the corresponding alarm sensor also detects the pressure value. When the alarm sensor detects that the pressure value exceeds the range of the corresponding auxiliary sensor, it transmits an alarm signal to the microcontroller unit, and the microcontroller unit closes the pressure switching valve.

[0096] Alarm sensors T2~Tn are connected in series with corresponding auxiliary sensors. Pressure data is collected one step before the auxiliary sensor detection. It does not rely on the static judgment of the initial pre-detection S1 and can capture sudden changes in air pressure in the first time.

[0097] If the alarm sensor's range exceeds that of the corresponding auxiliary sensor, it will immediately send an alarm signal to the microcontroller unit once it detects that the gas pressure exceeds the auxiliary sensor's range. The microcontroller unit will then quickly close the pressure switching valve, cutting off the contact between the high-pressure gas and the auxiliary sensor. This prevents the sensor from being subjected to high-pressure surges due to continuous over-range operation, significantly extending the auxiliary sensor's lifespan.

[0098] The alarm sensor and the auxiliary sensor are matched one-to-one, and the range is fully matched to their protection requirements. There will be no false alarms caused by the auxiliary sensor exceeding its range due to the insufficient range of the alarm sensor.

[0099] Each auxiliary sensor corresponds to a dedicated alarm sensor. The alarm signal can be directly associated with the specific sensor, allowing the microcontroller to selectively shut down the corresponding detection port instead of shutting down all auxiliary sensors, thus improving the accuracy of protection.

[0100] After the alarm sensor is triggered, the microcontroller immediately closes the pressure switching valve, and the auxiliary sensor stops collecting data to prevent distorted data from being included in the P2~Px calculation pool.

[0101] Alarm sensors and auxiliary sensors are paired one-to-one. Only the pressure switching valve corresponding to the risk sensor is triggered to close, while other auxiliary sensors that have not exceeded their range can continue to measure normally.

[0102] Specifically, the range of the alarm sensor is 1.2 to 1.5 times that of the corresponding auxiliary sensor.

[0103] In some embodiments, when multiple auxiliary sensors S2~Sx detect the pressure to be measured, if the pressure value detected by more than (x-1) / 2 of the multiple auxiliary sensors S2~Sx is in a state of continuous decline within a first preset time t1, then the auxiliary sensor S2 with the largest range among the multiple auxiliary sensors S2~Sx will be turned off. If the pressure value detected by the remaining auxiliary sensors S3~Sx is still in a state of continuous decline within a second preset time t2, then the auxiliary sensor S(x+1) will be turned on.

[0104] If the air pressure continues to drop, the auxiliary sensor with the largest range will have a higher relative error because the measured air pressure is much lower than its range. The smaller range sensor that is not activated has a range that is closer to the air pressure after the drop, but it cannot exert its high-precision advantage because it is not activated.

[0105] When more than (x-1) / 2 sensors detect a continuous decrease in pressure, it indicates a significant downward trend. At this point, the sensor with the largest range, S2, is shut down to avoid wasting accuracy due to range redundancy. If the remaining sensors still detect a continuous decrease, it means the pressure has dropped to the lower limit of the suitable range of S3~Sx. The sensor with the smaller range, S(x+1), is then activated, allowing the new sensor group S3~S(x+1) to have a range closer to the current pressure, ensuring range adaptability throughout the measurement and maintaining high accuracy at low pressure.

[0106] In some embodiments, after the auxiliary sensor S(x+1) is turned on for measurement, the microcontroller controls the auxiliary sensor S(x+1) to perform 3 to 5 consecutive measurements to obtain the initial pressure value and compare it with the average value of the measurements of S3 to Sx. If the deviation is less than 5%, it is included in the detection group for P' calculation.

[0107] If the pressure value detected by the auxiliary sensors S3~Sx does not continue to decrease within the second preset time t2, and the fluctuation range is greater than 3%, then the current sensor combination will continue to detect, and the pressure change trend will be judged repeatedly at every time interval t1.

[0108] Based on the conditions, it can be determined whether the air pressure is fluctuating randomly or is actually decreasing. By periodically detecting the air pressure, it is possible to avoid missing the true downward trend due to maintaining the sensor combination, and also to prevent the instability caused by frequent switching, thus achieving a balance between trend tracking and stable measurement.

[0109] By defining the deviation range, engineers can directly set parameters according to quantitative indicators, eliminating the need for repeated testing based on experience and simplifying the system debugging process. A unified quantitative standard ensures consistency across different scenarios, facilitating industrial mass production and batch deployment, and reducing the cost of technology implementation.

[0110] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-range pressure detection method, characterized in that, include: S10: Use the main sensor S1 to pre-detect the air pressure to be measured, obtain the pressure value P0, and transmit the pressure value P0 to the microcontroller unit; S20: Multiple auxiliary sensors S2~Sn with a range smaller than that of the main sensor form an auxiliary measurement module, and the range gradually decreases from auxiliary sensor S2 to auxiliary sensor Sn. Pressure switching valves are provided at the detection points of multiple auxiliary sensors S2~Sn. S30: Determine whether the pressure value P0 is less than or equal to the range of the auxiliary sensor S2. If the pressure value P0 is less than or equal to the range of the auxiliary sensor S2, the microcontroller controls the pressure switching valve to open the detection ports corresponding to all auxiliary sensors S2~Sx with ranges greater than or equal to the pressure value P0, x≤n. The auxiliary sensors S2~Sx detect the measured air pressure respectively to obtain pressure values ​​P2~Px, and take the average value P´ of the pressure values ​​P2~Px as the final pressure value. S40: If the pressure value P0 is greater than the range of the auxiliary sensor S2, the microcontroller controls the pressure switching valve to close, and the main sensor S1 repeatedly measures the measured air pressure to obtain pressure values ​​P01~P0m, and takes the average value P´´ of the pressure values ​​P01~P0m as the final pressure value.

2. The multi-range pressure detection method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Step S40 includes: The main sensor S1 repeatedly measures the pressure of the gas being measured to obtain pressure values ​​P01~P0m, and inputs the data into the microcontroller unit; The microcontroller grouped the pressure values ​​P01~P0m, grouping continuously increasing or continuously decreasing data into one group to obtain data groups H1, H2, ..., Hz; Calculate the weight D for each data group = number of data points in the data group / m, to obtain the weights D1, D2, ..., Dz: Calculate the average values ​​H1´, H2´, ..., Hz´ of all pressure values ​​in each data set; P´´=D1×H1´+D2×H2´+…+Dz×Hz´.

3. The multi-range pressure detection method as described in claim 2, characterized in that, Step S40 also includes removing abnormal data: The main sensor S1 repeatedly measures the air pressure to be measured to obtain P01´~P0w´, where w is greater than or equal to m; Calculate the average value Pμ = (P01´ + P02´ + ... + P0w´) / w; Calculate the standard deviation ; Pressure values ​​outside the range of [Pμ-3Pσ, Pμ+3Pσ] are discarded, resulting in pressure values ​​P01~P0m.

4. The multi-range pressure detection method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The measurement process of auxiliary sensors S2~Sx includes: Auxiliary sensors S2~Sx measure the air pressure to be measured and obtain pressure values ​​P2~Px respectively; The pressure values ​​P2 to Px are processed separately: the deviation between pressure value P2 and auxiliary sensor S2 is calculated to obtain P2max and P2min; the deviation between pressure value P3 and auxiliary sensor S3 is calculated to obtain P3max and P3min; ..., the deviation between pressure value Px and auxiliary sensor Sx is calculated to obtain Pxmax and Pxmin. Calculate the first average value P 平均1 =(P2max+P3max+…+Pxmax) / x; Calculate the second average value P 平均2 =(P2min+P3min+…+Pxmin) / x Average value P' = (P 平均1 +P 平均2 ) / 2.

5. The multi-range pressure detection method as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The calculation process for pressure values ​​P2~Px is as follows: The auxiliary sensor S2 performs multiple measurements on the gas being measured to obtain P21, P22, ..., P2v, where P2 = (P21 + P22 + ... + P2v) / v; The auxiliary sensor S3 performs multiple measurements on the gas being measured to obtain P31, P32, ..., P3v, where P3 = (P31 + P32 + ... + P3v) / v; ……； The auxiliary sensor Sx performs multiple measurements on the gas to be measured to obtain Px1, Px2, ..., Pxv, where Px = (Px1 + Px2 + ... + Pxv) / v.

6. The multi-range pressure detection method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The range of the main sensor S1 is 3 to 5 times that of the auxiliary sensor S2; The ranges of the auxiliary sensors S3 to Sn are 1 / 2 to 2 / 3 of the range of the previous auxiliary sensor, respectively.

7. The multi-range pressure detection method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Each auxiliary sensor S2~Sn is connected in series with an alarm sensor T2~Tn. The range of the alarm sensor is greater than the range of the corresponding auxiliary sensor. When the auxiliary sensor detects the pressure value, the corresponding alarm sensor also detects the pressure value. When the alarm sensor detects that the pressure value exceeds the range of the corresponding auxiliary sensor, it transmits the alarm signal to the microcontroller unit, and the microcontroller unit closes the pressure switching valve.

8. The multi-range pressure detection method as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The range of the alarm sensor is 1.2 to 1.5 times that of the corresponding auxiliary sensor.

9. The multi-range pressure detection method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, When multiple auxiliary sensors S2~Sx detect the pressure being measured, if the pressure value detected by more than (x-1) / 2 of the auxiliary sensors S2~Sx is in a state of continuous decline within the first preset time t1, then the auxiliary sensor S2 with the largest range among the multiple auxiliary sensors S2~Sx will be turned off. If the pressure value detected by the remaining auxiliary sensors S3~Sx is still in a state of continuous decline within the second preset time t2, then the auxiliary sensor S(x+1) will be turned on.

10. The multi-range pressure detection method as described in claim 9, characterized in that, After the auxiliary sensor S(x+1) is turned on for measurement, the microcontroller unit controls the auxiliary sensor S(x+1) to perform 3 to 5 consecutive measurements to obtain the initial pressure value and compare it with the average value of the measurements of S3 to Sx. If the deviation is less than 5%, it is included in the detection group for P´ calculation. If the pressure value detected by the auxiliary sensors S3~Sx does not continue to decrease within the second preset time t2, and the fluctuation range is greater than 3%, then the current sensor combination will continue to detect, and the pressure change trend will be judged repeatedly at every time interval t1.

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