Phased array auxiliary clamping device for small-pipe-diameter welding seam

Abstract

The invention provides a small-pipe-diameter welding seam phased array auxiliary clamping device. The small-pipe-diameter welding seam phased array auxiliary clamping device comprises an ultrasonic probe, a fixing unit, a mounting unit, a rotating unit, a clamping unit and a measuring unit. By arranging the rotating unit, the ultrasonic probe can be automatically driven to move in the circumferential direction of the to-be-detected pipeline, continuous and automatic scanning of a welding seam is achieved, and the detection efficiency and consistency are improved; the first fixing ring and the second fixing ring are driven by the mounting unit to be opened or closed, so that the fixing units can firmly surround pipelines with different diameters, and the operation is simple; the clamping unit is adopted to further support and stabilize the to-be-detected pipeline, so that the basis of accurate scanning path of the ultrasonic probe and accurate data acquisition is ensured, and the quality of detection data is directly improved; the measuring unit can measure the relative distance between the front edge of the ultrasonic probe and the welding seam in real time, timely adjustment is carried out, the problem of detection sensitivity reduction or missing detection caused by the fact that the probe is too far away from the welding seam or deviates is solved, and the measuring accuracy is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of power plant small-diameter pipe weld detection, and particularly relates to a small-diameter pipe weld phased array auxiliary clamping device. BACKGROUND

[0002] Small-diameter pipe refers to a pipe with an outer diameter of less than or equal to 100 mm, and small-diameter pipes are widely used in many fields such as construction, industry, and agriculture, and are mainly used in water supply and drainage systems, heating systems, etc. The phased array detection system is an electronic measuring instrument based on the independent control of multiple array elements of ultrasonic beams, which can realize high-precision detection through beam deflection and focusing technology. The phased array has high sensitivity and clear and intuitive display, and is more suitable for the detection of power plant small-diameter pipe welds than other non-destructive testing methods.

[0003] In the prior art, in the process of detecting the small-diameter pipe weld of the power field, other detection methods in addition to the phased array method are complex to operate, have low precision, and the weld defect display is not intuitive in use. Therefore, a small-diameter pipe weld phased array auxiliary clamping device is proposed to solve the above problems. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art, and provides a small-diameter pipe weld phased array auxiliary clamping device.

[0005] The present application provides a small-diameter pipe weld phased array auxiliary clamping device, comprising an ultrasonic probe, a fixing unit, a mounting unit, a rotating unit, a clamping unit, and a measuring unit. The fixing unit is used to surround and fix the surface of the small-diameter pipe, and the fixing unit comprises a first fixing ring and a second fixing ring which are oppositely arranged and detachably connected. The mounting unit is drivingly connected to the connection between the first fixing ring and the second fixing ring, and is used to drive the opening or closing of the fixing unit. The rotating unit is movably arranged on the inner side wall of the fixing unit. The ultrasonic probe is arranged on the rotating unit and is driven by the rotating unit to move circumferentially along the small-diameter pipe to scan and detect the weld. The first end of the clamping unit is fixed to the fixing unit, and the second end of the clamping unit is used to clamp the surface of the small-diameter pipe. The measuring unit is arranged on the rotating unit and is used to measure the relative distance between the front edge of the ultrasonic probe and the weld of the small-diameter pipe.

[0006] Optionally, the first connection of the first fixing ring and the second fixing ring is provided with a locking mechanism, and the second connection of the first fixing ring and the second fixing ring is provided with the mounting unit; wherein, The locking mechanism comprises a first connecting rod slidingly connected to the inside of the second fixing ring and insertable into the first fixing ring, and a first elastic member sleeved on the first connecting rod and used for providing elastic locking force.

[0007] Optionally, the mounting unit comprises a first motor, a rotating rod, a first gear, a second gear and a wear-resistant rod. The first motor is fixed to the second fixing ring. The first end of the rotating rod is in driving connection with the first motor, and the second end of the rotating rod is in rotary connection with the second fixing ring. The first gear is sleeved on the outer sidewall of the rotating rod. The wear-resistant rod is rotatably connected to the first fixing ring and the second fixing ring, is located at the connection position of the first fixing ring and the second fixing ring and is arranged opposite to the rotating rod. The second gear is sleeved on the outer sidewall of the wear-resistant rod and is in meshing connection with the first gear. The rotation of the wear-resistant rod drives the first fixing ring and the second fixing ring to open or close.

[0008] Optionally, the inner sidewalls of the first fixing ring and the second fixing ring are both provided with a guide groove, and the rotating unit comprises a sliding block slidingly arranged in the guide groove.

[0009] Optionally, the ultrasonic probe is arranged on the side of the sliding block facing the inner sidewalls of the first fixing ring and the second fixing ring. The height of the ultrasonic probe is lower than the depth of the guide groove.

[0010] Optionally, the rotating unit further comprises a second motor arranged on the sliding block and a third gear in driving connection with the second motor. A rack is arranged in the guide groove, and the third gear is in meshing connection with the rack.

[0011] Optionally, the clamping unit comprises two fixing plates, a second connecting rod, a second elastic member, a connecting frame and an anti-skid limiting wheel. The two fixing plates are oppositely arranged and are respectively fixed to the first fixing ring and the second fixing ring. The second connecting rod is slidingly arranged in the inner side of the fixing plate. The second elastic member is sleeved on the outer side of the second connecting rod. The connecting frame is connected with the end of the second connecting rod. The anti-skid limiting wheel is in rotary connection with the connecting frame, and the two oppositely arranged anti-skid limiting wheels are used for supporting the surface of the small-diameter pipeline.

[0012] Optionally, a threaded rod is threadedly connected to the connecting frame, and tightening the threaded rod can make the end of the threaded rod abut against the anti-skid limiting wheel to achieve rigid locking.

[0013] Optionally, the measuring unit comprises a measuring scale fixed to the sliding block and an extension scale slidingly sleeved in the measuring scale.

[0014] Optionally, the measuring unit further comprises a third connecting rod slidingly arranged in the measuring scale and a third elastic member sleeved on the third connecting rod. The third connecting rod can be clamped into the extension scale under the elastic force of the third elastic member to lock the extension length thereof.

[0015] The small-diameter weld seam phased array auxiliary clamping device comprises an ultrasonic probe, a fixing unit, a mounting unit, a rotating unit, a clamping unit and a measuring unit. The rotating unit is arranged to automatically drive the ultrasonic probe to move along the circumference of the pipe to be measured, so that the weld seam can be continuously and automatically scanned, and the detection efficiency and consistency are improved. The first fixing ring and the second fixing ring are driven by the mounting unit to open or close, so that the fixing unit can be firmly wrapped around the pipe with different diameters, and the operation is simple. The clamping unit is used to further support the pipe to be measured, so as to ensure the accuracy of the scanning path of the ultrasonic probe and the accuracy of data acquisition, and directly improve the quality of detection data. The measuring unit can measure the relative distance between the front of the ultrasonic probe and the weld seam in real time, so that the detection sensitivity and the problem of missed detection caused by the probe being too far away from the weld seam or deviating from the weld seam can be avoided, and the measurement accuracy is improved. The device realizes rapid, stable, accurate and self-adaptive automatic detection, and significantly improves the operation quality and efficiency of small-diameter weld seam phased array detection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a structural schematic view of a small-diameter weld seam phased array auxiliary clamping device according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 FIG. 2 is a structural schematic view of a fixing unit according to another embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 FIG. 3 is a structural schematic view of a mounting unit according to another embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 FIG. 4 is a structural schematic view of a rotating unit according to another embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 FIG. 5 is a structural schematic view of a clamping unit according to another embodiment of the present application; Figure 6 FIG. 6 is a structural schematic view of a measuring unit according to another embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] In order to make the technical scheme of the present application better understood by those skilled in the art, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0018] As shown in Figure 1 The present application provides a small-diameter pipe weld phased array auxiliary clamping device, comprising an ultrasonic probe 1, a fixing unit 2, a mounting unit 3, a rotating unit 4, a clamping unit 5 and a measuring unit 6.

[0019] The fixing unit 2 is used to surround and fix to the surface of the small-diameter pipe, and the fixing unit 2 comprises a first fixing ring 21 and a second fixing ring 22 which are oppositely arranged and detachably connected.

[0020] The mounting unit 3 is drivingly connected to the connection between the first fixing ring 21 and the second fixing ring 22, and is used to drive the opening or closing of the fixing unit 2.

[0021] The rotating unit 4 is movably arranged on the inner side wall of the fixing unit 2.

[0022] The ultrasonic probe 1 is arranged on the rotating unit 4, and is driven by the rotating unit 4 to move circumferentially along the small-diameter pipe to scan and detect the weld.

[0023] The first end of the clamping unit 5 is fixed to the fixing unit 2, and the second end of the clamping unit is used to clamp to the surface of the small-diameter pipe.

[0024] The measuring unit 6 is arranged on the rotating unit 4, and is used to measure the relative distance between the front of the ultrasonic probe 1 and the weld of the small-diameter pipe.

[0025] The small-diameter pipe weld phased array auxiliary clamping device of the present application comprises an ultrasonic probe, a fixing unit, a mounting unit, a rotating unit, a clamping unit and a measuring unit; by arranging the rotating unit, the ultrasonic probe can be automatically driven to move circumferentially along the pipe to be detected, so that continuous and automatic scanning of the weld is realized, and the detection efficiency and consistency are improved; by driving the first fixing ring and the second fixing ring to open or close through the mounting unit, the fixing unit can be firmly surrounded on pipes with different diameters, and the operation is simple; the clamping unit is used to further support the pipe to be detected, so as to ensure the accuracy of the scanning path of the ultrasonic probe and the accuracy of data acquisition, and directly improve the quality of detection data; the measuring unit is used to measure the relative distance between the front of the ultrasonic probe and the weld in real time, so that timely adjustment is carried out, the detection sensitivity is prevented from being reduced or missed due to the probe being too far or deviated from the weld, and the measurement accuracy is improved.

[0026] For example, as shown in Figure 2As shown, the first connecting part of the first fixing ring 21 and the second fixing ring 22 is provided with a locking mechanism, and the second connecting part of the first fixing ring 21 and the second fixing ring 22 is provided with the mounting unit 3.

[0027] The locking mechanism comprises a first connecting rod 24 which is slidably connected to the inside of the second fixing ring 22 and can be inserted into the first fixing ring 21, and a first elastic member 25 which is sleeved on the first connecting rod 24 and is used to provide elastic locking force. In this embodiment, the first connecting rod 24 can be a T-shaped rod, and the first elastic member 25 can be a spring.

[0028] Specifically, pulling the first connecting rod 24 out of the first fixing ring 21 and the second fixing ring 22 releases the connection between the first fixing ring 21 and the second fixing ring 22.

[0029] As shown in the figure, Figure 3 As shown, the mounting unit 3 comprises a first motor 31, a rotating rod 32, a first gear 33, a second gear 34 and a wear-resistant rod 35.

[0030] The first motor 31 is fixed to the second fixing ring 21; the first end of the rotating rod 32 is in transmission connection with the first motor 31, and the second end of the rotating rod 32 is in rotary connection with the second fixing ring 22; the first gear 33 is sleeved on the outer side wall of the rotating rod 32; the wear-resistant rod 35 is rotatably connected to the first fixing ring 21 and the second fixing ring 22, is located at the connecting part of the two and is arranged opposite to the rotating rod 32; the second gear 34 is sleeved on the outer side wall of the wear-resistant rod 35 and is in meshing connection with the first gear 33; the rotation of the wear-resistant rod 35 drives the opening or closing of the first fixing ring 21 and the second fixing ring 22.

[0031] Specifically, the output end of the first motor 31 is sleeved with a rotating rod 32, one end of the rotating rod 32 is fixedly connected with the inner side of the second fixed ring 22, the surface of the rotating rod 32 is fixedly connected with a first gear 33, one side of the first gear 33 is meshingly connected with a second gear 34, the inner side of the second gear 34 is fixedly connected with a wear-resistant rod 35, the surface of the wear-resistant rod 35 is rotatably connected in the inner sides of the first fixed ring 21 and the second fixed ring 22, the inner sides of both ends of the wear-resistant rod 35 are threadedly connected with fixed bolts 36, by pulling the first connecting rod 24 out of the inner side of the first fixed ring 21, the first motor 31 is controlled to drive the rotating rod 32 to rotate, the first gear 33 and the second gear 34 are controlled to mesh with each other, the wear-resistant rod 35 is controlled to rotate, the first fixed ring 21 and the second fixed ring 22 are controlled to be opened, the device is moved to the outside of the pipeline, the first motor 31 is controlled to return to the initial position, and the first connecting rod 24 is pulled into the inner side of the first fixed ring 21 to complete the connection of the first fixed ring 21 and the second fixed ring 22 by the elastic action of the first elastic member 25. The mounting unit of the embodiment can firmly wrap around pipelines with different diameters by driving the first fixed ring and the second fixed ring to open or close by the mounting unit. The first fixed ring and the second fixed ring are driven to open and close by the first motor, instead of traditional manual bolts or lever clamps, which improves the operation efficiency and convenience, greatly shortens the time for installing and dismounting the device on the pipeline, and is particularly suitable for occasions where the monitoring measurement points need to be frequently replaced. The worn second gear can be conveniently dismounted and replaced by the connection relationship between the fixed bolts and the wear-resistant rod, without the need to replace the entire mounting unit, thereby reducing the maintenance cost and complexity.

[0032] For example, the inner side walls of the first fixed ring 21 and the second fixed ring 22 are both provided with guide grooves 23, and the rotating unit 4 includes a sliding block 41 which is slidingly arranged in the guide grooves 23.

[0033] The ultrasonic probe 1 is arranged on the side of the sliding block 41 which faces the inner side walls of the first fixed ring 21 and the second fixed ring 22, and the height of the ultrasonic probe 1 is lower than the depth of the guide grooves 23. That is, the sliding block 41 and the ultrasonic probe 1 are both arranged in the guide grooves 23, so that when the first fixed ring 21 and the second fixed ring 22 are fixed on the surface of a small-diameter pipeline, the sliding block 41 can slide in the guide grooves 23, thereby driving the ultrasonic probe 1 to slide in the guide grooves 23 and realize the detection of the weld on the surface of the small-diameter pipeline.

[0034] The height of the ultrasonic probe 1 is lower than the depth of the guide groove 23, so that the probe can be protected by the side wall of the guide groove in a non-working state or when being accidentally collided, thereby reducing the risk of damage to the probe and prolonging the service life of the equipment.

[0035] As shown in the figure, Figure 4 The rotating unit 4 further includes a second motor 42 arranged on the sliding block 41 and a third gear 43 in transmission connection with the second motor 42; and a rack 44 is arranged in the guide groove 23, and the third gear 43 is in meshing connection with the rack 44.

[0036] Specifically, the second motor 42 is connected to the inside of the sliding block 41 by a bolt, the output end of the second motor 42 is fixedly sleeved with the third gear 43, one side of the third gear 43 is in meshing connection with the rack 44, one side of the rack 44 is fixedly connected to the inside of the first fixed ring 21 and the second fixed ring 22, the ultrasonic probe body 1 is controlled to detect the pipeline, and at the same time, the second motor 42 in the sliding block 41 drives the third gear 43 to rotate, and at the same time, the third gear 43 and the rack 44 are in meshing connection with each other, and the sliding block 41 is driven to move in the guide groove 23 to drive the ultrasonic probe body 1 on the top surface to work.

[0037] In this embodiment, the rotating unit is arranged to automatically drive the ultrasonic probe to move along the circumference of the pipeline, so that continuous and automatic scanning of the girth weld is realized. The traditional manual holding mode of the probe is replaced, so that the detection efficiency is greatly improved, and more importantly, the problems of uneven manual scanning speed and missed detection caused by the proficiency and fatigue of the operator are avoided, so that the consistency and reliability of the detection result are ensured.

[0038] As shown in the figure, Figure 5 The clamping unit 5 includes two fixed plates 51, a second connecting rod 52, a second elastic member 53, a connecting frame 54 and an anti-skid limiting wheel 55; the two fixed plates 51 are oppositely arranged and fixed to the first fixed ring 21 and the second fixed ring 22 respectively; the second connecting rod 52 is slidingly arranged on the inside of the fixed plate 51 and serves as a guide; the second elastic member 53 is sleeved on the outside of the second connecting rod 52; the connecting frame 54 is connected to the end of the second connecting rod 52; and the anti-skid limiting wheel 55 is rotatably connected to the connecting frame 54; wherein the two oppositely arranged anti-skid limiting wheels 55 are used to support the surface of the small-diameter pipeline. A threaded rod 56 is also threadedly connected to the connecting frame 54, and tightening the threaded rod 56 can make the end thereof abut against the anti-skid limiting wheel 55 to achieve rigid locking.

[0039] Specifically, during the closing of the first and second fixing rings 21 and 22, the clamping unit 5 works automatically. The second connecting rod 52 on the mounting plate 51 pushes the connecting frame 54 and the anti-skid limiting wheel 55 into close contact with the surface of the small-diameter pipeline under the pushing force of the second elastic member 53, which provides additional support to prevent the device from sliding.

[0040] Through the arrangement of the connecting frame and the anti-skid limiting wheel, the main body of the device can be conveniently installed by cooperating with the first and second fixing rings, and can be moved again according to the detection position without the need for reinstallation, saving time and improving the detection efficiency. Through the arrangement of the threaded rod, the anti-skid limiting wheel can be conveniently fixed, and the stability of the main body of the device is maintained.

[0041] In this embodiment, the clamping force is provided by the second elastic member, and the anti-skid limiting wheel is in close contact with the surface of the pipeline. At the same time, a mechanism for rigid locking by the threaded rod is also designed. It can adapt to the slight unevenness of the pipeline surface, provide stable and flexible clamping force, and avoid damage to the pipeline surface. In the case of extremely high stability, rigid fixation can be achieved by tightening the threaded rod, completely preventing the device from sliding or vibrating during scanning. Stable fixation is the basis for ensuring the accuracy of the probe scanning path and the accuracy of data acquisition, directly improving the quality of detection data.

[0042] As shown in Figure 6 The measurement unit 6 includes a measurement scale 61 fixed on the sliding block 41 and an extension scale 62 slidably sleeved on the measurement scale 61. The measurement unit 6 also includes a third connecting rod 63 slidably arranged in the measurement scale 61 and a third elastic member 64 sleeved on the third connecting rod 63; the third connecting rod 63 can be clamped into the extension scale 62 under the elastic force of the third elastic member 64 to lock the extension length.

[0043] Specifically, the measurement unit 6 is used to accurately measure the distance from the front of the probe to the weld. The measurement scale 61 is fixed on the sliding block 41, and the extension scale 62 can be slidably expanded. Pull out the third connecting rod 63 from the inside of the extension scale 62, adjust the length of the extension scale 62 as needed. Then release the third connecting rod 63, and under the elastic action of the third elastic member 64, the third connecting rod 63 is clamped into the inside of the extension scale 62 to lock the extension scale position. This allows the operator to quickly measure the distance error and ensure the accuracy of the probe position.

[0044] In this embodiment, the measurement unit can measure the relative distance between the front edge of the ultrasonic probe and the weld in real time. This enables the operator to quickly and intuitively confirm whether the relative position of the probe and the weld is accurate before or during scanning, and to make timely adjustments. This avoids the problem of reduced detection sensitivity or missed detection caused by the probe being too far away from the weld or being offset, and is a key link to ensure detection quality.

[0045] As shown in Figures 1 to 6 The working process of the small-diameter weld phased array auxiliary clamping device of the present application is as follows: The operator first manually pulls the first connecting rod 24 out of the first fixed ring 21 to release the mechanical locking state of the fixed ring. The first motor 31 is started to rotate in the set direction. The motor drives the first gear 33 to rotate through the rotating rod 32, and then drives the second gear 34 engaged with it.

[0046] The second gear drives the wear-resistant rod 35 to rotate, and this rotating action is finally converted into the opening motion of the first fixed ring 21 and the second fixed ring 22, forming an open "C" shape or "pincer" opening.

[0047] The opened device is sleeved outside the small-diameter pipeline to be detected, and the weld area is ensured to be located within the enclosed circle of the fixed ring.

[0048] The first motor 31 is controlled to rotate in the reverse direction, and through the same transmission system (first gear, second gear, wear-resistant rod), the first fixed ring 21 and the second fixed ring are driven to close, so that they tightly hold the pipeline. The first connecting rod 24 is manually pushed back into the hole position of the first fixed ring 21, and is automatically locked under the elastic force of the first elastic member 25 to prevent the fixed ring from being accidentally loosened due to vibration and other reasons, achieving double insurance.

[0049] During the closing process of the fixed ring, the anti-skid limiting wheel 55 of the clamping unit is automatically pressed against the surface of the pipeline under the push of the second elastic member 53, providing additional support and stability.

[0050] When the device is moved to the top of the weld on the pipeline by sliding, the T-shaped threaded rod 56 is manually tightened to stop the anti-skid limiting wheel from rotating, so as to completely lock the entire device on the pipeline and avoid any movement during detection. Start the detection system: turn on the ultrasonic phased array detection instrument and the ultrasonic probe 1.

[0051] The second motor 42 of the rotating unit is started, and the motor drives the third gear 43 to rotate. The third gear is engaged with the rack 44 fixed on the inner side of the fixed ring.

[0052] This engagement forces the sliding block 41 to move smoothly along the pre-set circular track of the guide slot 23. The ultrasonic probe on the top of the sliding block also makes a precise 360 degree circumferential movement around the pipe, scanning the weld all around the pipe.

[0053] Before and after scanning, the measuring unit can be operated. Pull the third connecting rod 63 to unlock the extension ruler 62, pull the extension ruler out of the measuring ruler 61, and make the top end of the extension ruler contact the weld. Read the scale on the measuring ruler and the extension ruler to accurately measure the distance between the front of the ultrasonic probe and the center of the weld, which is used to calibrate the scanning position and ensure the accuracy and repeatability of the detection data.

[0054] If another weld of the same pipe needs to be detected, just loosen the T-shaped threaded rod 56 to unlock the anti-slip limiting wheel, then directly push the device along the pipe to a new position without disassembly, and then repeat the process after step two.

[0055] After the detection is completed, repeat the action of step one (pull out the first connecting rod and start the motor to open the fixing ring) to take the device off the pipe.

[0056] It can be understood that the above embodiments are only exemplary embodiments adopted to illustrate the principles of the present application, and the present application is not limited thereto. Various modifications and improvements can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and essence of the present application, and these modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A small pipe diameter weld phased array assisted clamping device, characterized by, The device comprises an ultrasonic probe, a fixing unit, a mounting unit, a rotating unit, a clamping unit and a measuring unit. The fixing unit is used for surrounding and fixing the surface of the small-diameter pipeline, and comprises a first fixing ring and a second fixing ring which are oppositely arranged and detachably connected. The mounting unit is drivingly connected to the connection between the first fixing ring and the second fixing ring, and is used for driving the opening or closing of the fixing unit. The rotating unit is movably arranged on the inner side wall of the fixing unit. The ultrasonic probe is arranged on the rotating unit, and is driven by the rotating unit to move along the circumference of the small-diameter pipeline to scan and detect the weld. The first end of the clamping unit is fixed to the fixing unit, and the second end of the clamping unit is used for clamping the surface of the small-diameter pipeline. The measuring unit is arranged on the rotating unit, and is used for measuring the relative distance between the front edge of the ultrasonic probe and the weld of the small-diameter pipeline.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The first connection of the first fixing ring and the second fixing ring is provided with a locking mechanism, and the second connection of the first fixing ring and the second fixing ring is provided with the mounting unit. The locking mechanism comprises a first connecting rod which is slidably connected to the inside of the second fixing ring and can be inserted into the first fixing ring, and a first elastic member which is sleeved on the first connecting rod and is used for providing elastic locking force.

3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The mounting unit comprises a first motor, a rotating rod, a first gear, a second gear and a wear-resistant rod. The first motor is fixed to the second fixing ring. The first end of the rotating rod is drivingly connected to the first motor, and the second end of the rotating rod is rotatably connected to the second fixing ring. The first gear is sleeved on the outer side wall of the rotating rod. The wear-resistant rod is rotatably connected to the first fixing ring and the second fixing ring, is located at the connection of the first fixing ring and the second fixing ring, and is oppositely arranged with the rotating rod. The second gear is sleeved on the outer side wall of the wear-resistant rod, and is meshingly connected with the first gear. The rotation of the wear-resistant rod drives the opening or closing of the first fixing ring and the second fixing ring.

4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The inner side walls of the first fixing ring and the second fixing ring are provided with guide grooves, and the rotating unit comprises a sliding block which is slidably arranged in the guide grooves.

5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein, The ultrasonic probe is arranged on the side of the sliding block which faces the inner side walls of the first fixing ring and the second fixing ring. The height of the ultrasonic probe is lower than the depth of the guide grooves.

6. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein, The rotating unit further comprises a second motor arranged on the sliding block and a third gear drivingly connected with the second motor. A rack is arranged in the guide groove, and the third gear is meshingly connected with the rack.

7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The clamping unit comprises two fixed plates, a second connecting rod, a second elastic member, a connecting frame and an anti-skid limiting wheel. The two fixed plates are oppositely arranged and are respectively fixed to the first fixing ring and the second fixing ring. The second connecting rod is slidably arranged on the inner side of the fixed plate. The second elastic member is sleeved on the outer side of the second connecting rod. The connecting frame is connected with the end of the second connecting rod. The anti-skid limiting wheel is rotatably connected to the connecting frame; wherein two oppositely arranged anti-skid limiting wheels are used to support and fix the surface of the small-diameter pipeline.

8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein, A threaded rod is also threadedly connected to the connecting frame, and the end of the threaded rod can be tightly pressed against the anti-skid limiting wheel by screwing the threaded rod, so as to achieve rigid locking.

9. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein, The measuring unit comprises a measuring scale fixed to the sliding block and an extension scale slidingly sleeved in the measuring scale.

10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein, The measuring unit further comprises a third connecting rod slidingly arranged in the measuring scale and a third elastic member sleeved on the third connecting rod. The third connecting rod can be clamped into the extension scale under the elastic force of the third elastic member, so as to lock the extension length.

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