Battery pack thermal runaway test system

Abstract

The invention discloses a battery pack thermal runaway test system, and relates to the technical field of battery pack thermal diffusion tests.The battery pack thermal runaway test system comprises a high-temperature pressure container, a pressure relief structure and a thrust test device, the high-temperature pressure container is provided with a reaction cavity, and the reaction cavity is used for mounting a battery cell; the pressure relief structure comprises a pressure relief channel and a pressure relief valve assembly, and the pressure relief channel is communicated with the reaction cavity through the pressure relief valve assembly; the thrust testing device comprises a limiting structure and a thrust measuring device, the limiting structure is used for limiting the high-temperature pressure container, and the thrust measuring device is used for monitoring thrust generated when the pressure relief channel exhausts gas in real time. According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the thrust generated when the pressure relief channel exhausts the gas can be monitored in real time, and key data of reverse thrust of thermal runaway of the battery pack are filled. And a basis is provided for evaluating the disturbance influence of the thrust generated by the pressure relief gas on the vehicle.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of battery thermal runaway test, in particular to a battery pack thermal runaway test system. BACKGROUND

[0002] As a new generation of urban air transportation solution, the development process of electric vertical take-off and landing aircraft (eVTOL) is closely related to the breakthrough of power battery technology. Due to the particularity of aviation application, eVTOL puts forward extremely strict requirements for battery system: the energy density needs to break through 400Wh / kg to meet the high power demand of vertical take-off and the long range demand of cruising stage, and also needs to meet the aviation level safety standard, lightweight design and stable output capacity under complex working conditions. In the selection of technical route, high energy density battery becomes an inevitable choice. However, high energy density materials not only improve the performance, but also bring significant safety challenges, especially when the battery system occurs thermal runaway phenomenon, the disaster risk increases exponentially and poses a serious threat to flight safety. In order to ensure that the high-voltage battery system of electric vertical take-off and landing aircraft (eVTOL) can still maintain safe operation in extreme conditions, the battery thermal containment design and the prevention of thermal diffusion are the key research directions in the field of battery safety. For the eVTOL battery thermal containment design, it is necessary to test and obtain the key data of battery pack thermal runaway, especially the high-speed jet gas generated by battery pack thermal runaway, which will have a significant disturbance effect on the running posture of the aircraft and other vehicles. Accurate evaluation of this effect is crucial to the safety of battery pack thermal containment design and even aircraft. SUMMARY

[0003] The main purpose of the present application is to provide a battery pack thermal runaway test system, which aims to monitor the thrust generated by the gas discharged from the pressure relief channel during the battery pack thermal runaway process, and to provide a basis for evaluating the battery pack thermal containment design and the disturbance effect of the pressure relief gas on the vehicle.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the battery pack thermal runaway test system provided by the present application comprises: A high-temperature pressure container, the high-temperature pressure container is provided with a reaction cavity, and the reaction cavity is used for installing battery cells; A pressure relief structure, the pressure relief structure comprises a pressure relief channel and a pressure relief valve assembly, and the pressure relief channel is connected with the reaction cavity through the pressure relief valve assembly; and A thrust test device, the thrust test device comprises a limiting structure and a thrust measuring device, the limiting structure is used to limit the high-temperature pressure container, and the thrust measuring device is used to monitor the thrust generated by the gas discharged from the pressure relief channel in real time.

[0005] In an embodiment, the limiting structure is provided with a linear moving channel, and the high-temperature pressure container is arranged in the linear moving channel to limit the displacement of the high-temperature pressure container in the up-down direction and the left-right direction.

[0006] In an embodiment, the limiting structure comprises a first limiting frame and two second limiting frames arranged oppositely, the two sides of the first limiting frame are respectively connected to the end portions of the two second limiting frames to form the linear moving channel between the two second limiting frames, and the thrust measuring device is arranged in the first limiting frame and corresponds to the high-temperature pressure container.

[0007] In an embodiment, the thrust testing device further comprises a base arranged at the bottom of the high-temperature pressure container, the two second limiting frames are respectively provided with a track near one side of the linear moving channel, and the base is respectively provided with a moving piece corresponding to the two tracks, and the moving piece is arranged on the track.

[0008] In an embodiment, the two second limiting frames are respectively provided with a limiting recess near one side of the linear moving channel, the track is formed on the bottom side wall of the limiting recess, and the base is provided with a limiting rib in limiting cooperation with the top side wall of the limiting recess.

[0009] In an embodiment, the moving piece is configured as a roller, the roller comprises a roller cylinder and a limiting ring arranged at the end portion of the roller cylinder, the roller cylinder is arranged on the bottom side wall of the limiting recess, and the limiting ring is in limiting cooperation with the recess of the limiting recess.

[0010] In an embodiment, the thrust measuring device is configured as a thrust sensor, and the side of the high-temperature pressure container away from the pressure relief structure is used to push the thrust sensor.

[0011] In an embodiment, the battery pack thermal runaway test system further comprises a physical coordinate system, and the physical coordinate system is arranged corresponding to the gas outlet end of the pressure relief channel.

[0012] In an embodiment, the pressure relief structure further comprises a pressure relief measuring assembly arranged in the pressure relief channel, and the pressure relief measuring assembly at least monitors the flow rate data of the gas in the pressure relief channel in real time.

[0013] In an embodiment, the pressure relief measuring assembly further monitors the temperature and / or pressure and / or flow data of the gas in the pressure relief channel in real time. And / or, the high-temperature pressure container is provided with a container measuring assembly to measure the temperature and / or pressure data of the reaction cavity in real time.

[0014] The technical scheme of the present application installs the thermal runaway test battery cell in the reaction cavity of the high-temperature pressure container, and sets a pressure relief structure on the high-temperature pressure container. When the pressure in the reaction cavity reaches the preset threshold of the pressure relief valve assembly, the pressure relief valve assembly is opened, so that the pressure relief channel and the reaction cavity are communicated, so that the gas in the reaction cavity is discharged from the pressure relief channel. It can be understood that when the gas in the reaction cavity is discharged from the pressure relief channel, a thrust will be generated on the high-temperature pressure container. The present application sets a limiting structure to limit the high-temperature pressure container, so that the high-temperature pressure container can move along a preset trajectory, so that the thrust measuring device can monitor the thrust generated when the gas is discharged from the pressure relief channel in real time, and fill the key data of the reverse thrust of the battery pack thermal runaway. It provides a basis for evaluating the disturbance effect of the thrust generated by the pressure relief gas on the vehicle (especially the aircraft). During the flight of the aircraft, the change of the thrust may affect the flight attitude of the aircraft. The present application can effectively monitor and analyze such influence. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art description will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can also be obtained from the structures shown in the drawings without creative labor for those skilled in the art.

[0016] Figure 1 The structure diagram of the high-temperature reaction container of the battery pack thermal runaway test system provided by the present application is placed in the limiting structure; Figure 2 The structure diagram of the battery pack thermal runaway test system provided by the present application is shown in another view; Figure 1 The structure diagram of the battery pack thermal runaway test system provided by the present application is shown in another view; Figure 3 The structure diagram of the battery pack thermal runaway test system provided by the present application is shown in another view; Figure 2 The structure diagram of the battery pack thermal runaway test system provided by the present application is shown in another view; Figure 4 The structure diagram of the battery pack thermal runaway test system provided by the present application is shown in another view; Figure 2 The structure diagram of the high-temperature pressure container, the pressure relief structure and the base of the battery pack thermal runaway test system provided by the present application is shown in another view; Figure 5 The structure diagram of the high-temperature pressure container and the pressure relief structure of the battery pack thermal runaway test system provided by the present application is shown in another view; Figure 2 The structure diagram of the high-temperature pressure container and the pressure relief structure of the battery pack thermal runaway test system provided by the present application is shown in another view; Figure 6 The structure diagram of the high-temperature pressure container and the pressure relief structure of the battery pack thermal runaway test system provided by the present application is shown in another view; Figure 5 The structure diagram of the high-temperature pressure container and the pressure relief structure of the battery pack thermal runaway test system provided by the present application is shown in another view; Figure 7 The structure diagram of the high-temperature pressure container and the pressure relief structure of the battery pack thermal runaway test system provided by the present application is shown in another view; Figure 1 The structure diagram of the high-temperature pressure container and the pressure relief structure of the battery pack thermal runaway test system provided by the present application is shown in another view; Figure 8 The structure diagram of the high-temperature pressure container and the pressure relief structure of the battery pack thermal runaway test system provided by the present application is shown in another view; Figure 1Structural schematic view of high-temperature pressure container and pressure relief valve assembly of battery pack thermal runaway test system provided by the application; Figure 9 is a sectional view of the structure schematic view of the battery pack thermal runaway test system provided by the application; Figure 8 Figure 10 is a partial enlarged view of A in the battery pack thermal runaway test system provided by the application; Figure 9 Figure 11 is a sectional view of the structure schematic view of the battery pack thermal runaway test system provided by the application; Figure 4 Figure 12 is a sectional view of the structure schematic view of the battery pack thermal runaway test system provided by the application; Figure 1 Figure 13 is a sectional view of the structure schematic view of the battery pack thermal runaway test system provided by the application; Figure 1 Figure 14 is a sectional view of the structure schematic view of the battery pack thermal runaway test system provided by the application; Figure 13 Figure 15 is a sectional view of the structure schematic view of the battery pack thermal runaway test system provided by the application; Figure 13 Figure 16 is a sectional view of the structure schematic view of the battery pack thermal runaway test system provided by the application; Figure 13

[0017] Explanation of the drawing numbers: 100, high-temperature pressure container; 110, pressure relief interface; 120, refractory high-temperature layer; 130, mounting interface; 140, push rod; 200, pressure relief structure; 210, pressure relief pipe; 211, pressure relief channel; 220, pressure relief valve assembly; 221, mounting base; 222, pressure relief valve; 230, positioning structure; 231, positioning column; 232, positioning groove; 300, push force test device; 310, limiting structure; 311, straight-line movement channel; 311a, track; 312, first limiting frame; 313, second limiting frame; 314, limiting recess; 320, push force measurement device; 330, base; 331, roller; 331a, roller cylinder; 331b, limiting ring; 332, limiting rib; 400, pressure relief measurement assembly; 410, windward pipe; 420, leeward pipe; 430, first air guide pipe; 440, second air guide pipe; 500, physical coordinate system.

[0018] The implementation, functional features and advantages of the application will be further described with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] ​​​​​​​​Clearly, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all the other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present application.

[0020] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present application involve directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indications are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement condition, etc. between components in a certain posture, and if the certain posture changes, the directional indications also change accordingly.

[0021] In addition, if the embodiments of the present application involve descriptions of “first”, “second”, etc., the descriptions of “first”, “second”, etc. are only for description purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying the relative importance of the indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features limited by “first”, “second” can explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, “and / or” or “and / or” appearing throughout the text means that the three parallel schemes include A scheme, or B scheme, or A and B schemes are satisfied at the same time. In addition, the technical solutions of each embodiment can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the realization of a person of ordinary skill in the art, and when the combination of technical solutions appears contradictory or unachievable, it should be considered that the combination of technical solutions does not exist, nor is it within the protection scope of the present application.

[0022] As a new generation of urban air transportation solution, the development of electric vertical take-off and landing aircraft (eVTOL) is closely related to the breakthrough of power battery technology. Due to the particularity of aviation application, the battery system of eVTOL puts forward extremely strict requirements: the energy density needs to break through 400 Wh / kg to meet the high power demand of vertical take-off and the long range demand of cruising stage, and also needs to meet the aviation level safety standard, lightweight design and stable output capacity under complex working conditions. In terms of technical route selection, high energy density battery becomes an inevitable choice. However, high energy density materials bring significant safety challenges while improving performance, especially when the battery system has a thermal runaway phenomenon, the disaster risk rises exponentially and poses a serious threat to flight safety. In order to ensure that the high-voltage battery system of electric vertical take-off and landing aircraft (eVTOL) can still maintain safe operation in extreme cases, the battery thermal containment design and the prevention of thermal diffusion are the key research directions in the field of battery safety. For the thermal containment design of eVTOL battery pack, it is necessary to test and obtain the key data of battery pack thermal runaway, especially the high-speed jet gas generated by battery pack thermal runaway, which will have a significant disturbance effect on the running attitude of the aircraft and other vehicles. Accurate assessment of this effect is crucial for the safety of battery pack thermal containment design and even aircraft. However, at present, the effective monitoring and analysis technology system for this disturbance effect has not been established.

[0023] Specifically, the flow rate, flow, temperature, flame range and thrust generated by the high-speed jet gas generated by the battery pack thermal runaway will have a significant disturbance effect on the running attitude of the aircraft and other vehicles, but most of the existing battery thermal runaway test equipment cannot accurately obtain the key parameters such as the flow rate, flow, temperature, thrust and flame range of the pressure relief jet gas. In order to meet the verification needs of the thermal containment design of eVTOL battery pack, it is urgent to develop a special verification and test system integrating high-temperature gas flow rate-thrust test and flame range measurement functions.

[0024] In order to solve the above problems, the present application provides a battery pack thermal runaway test system.

[0025] It should be noted that although the aircraft battery pack is taken as an example for illustrative explanation in this paper, this does not constitute a limitation on the application field of the present application. The battery pack thermal runaway test system proposed in the present application is also applicable to the test of high energy density battery packs used in various vehicles or equipment.

[0026] Please refer to Figures 1 to 3In an embodiment of the present application, the battery pack thermal runaway test system comprises a high-temperature pressure container 100, a pressure relief structure 200, and a thrust test device 300. The high-temperature pressure container 100 is provided with a reaction cavity for mounting the battery cell 80. The pressure relief structure 200 comprises a pressure relief channel 211 and a pressure relief valve assembly 220. The pressure relief channel 211 is connected to the reaction cavity through the pressure relief valve assembly 220. The thrust test device 300 comprises a limiting structure 310 and a thrust measuring device 320. The limiting structure 310 is used to limit the high-temperature pressure container 100. The thrust measuring device 320 is used to monitor the thrust generated when the gas is discharged from the pressure relief channel 211 in real time.

[0027] The technical scheme of the present application installs the battery cell 80 for thermal runaway test in the reaction cavity of the high-temperature pressure container 100 and sets the pressure relief structure 200 on the high-temperature pressure container 100. When the pressure in the reaction cavity reaches the preset threshold value of the pressure relief valve assembly 220, the pressure relief valve assembly 220 is opened, so that the pressure relief channel 211 and the reaction cavity are connected to discharge the gas in the reaction cavity from the pressure relief channel 211. It can be understood that when the gas in the reaction cavity is discharged from the pressure relief channel 211, a thrust is generated on the high-temperature pressure container 100. The limiting structure 310 is set to limit the high-temperature pressure container 100, so that the high-temperature pressure container 100 can move along a preset track, and the thrust measuring device 320 can monitor the thrust generated when the gas is discharged from the pressure relief channel 211 in real time, filling the key data of the reverse thrust of the battery pack thermal runaway. It provides a basis for evaluating the disturbance effect of the thrust generated by the pressure relief gas on the vehicle, especially the aircraft. During the flight of the aircraft, the change of the thrust may affect the flight attitude of the aircraft. The present application can effectively monitor and analyze such effects.

[0028] It should be noted that the pressure relief valve assembly 220 is in a closed state after the thermal runaway reaction occurs and before the pressure in the reaction cavity reaches the preset threshold value of the pressure relief valve assembly 220, that is, the pressure relief channel 211 and the reaction cavity are isolated from each other, and the gas in the reaction cavity cannot be discharged from the pressure relief channel 211. Only when the pressure in the reaction cavity reaches the preset threshold value of the pressure relief valve assembly 220, the pressure relief valve assembly 220 is opened, so that the pressure relief channel 211 and the reaction cavity are connected, and then the gas in the reaction cavity is discharged from the pressure relief channel 211.

[0029] Secondly, since the battery cell 80 is installed in the reaction cavity of the high-temperature pressure container 100 to generate the thermal runaway reaction, the high-temperature pressure container 100 can ensure that the structure remains intact and sealed well during the entire test process, and does not break or explode, so that stable, continuous and effective monitoring of the whole process of battery pack thermal runaway can be realized, the test record is ensured to be complete, data failure is avoided, and the situation of repeated tests due to data failure is avoided. The high-temperature pressure container 100 of the present solution can also be reused, thereby reducing the cost of repeated tests. In addition, the present solution can fully solve the verification and test requirements of the battery pack thermal containment design.

[0030] Further, it should be noted that the high-temperature pressure container can be the shell of the battery pack, and of course the high-temperature pressure container can also be a reaction kettle capable of withstanding high temperature and high pressure for testing battery pack thermal runaway.

[0031] Optionally, the limiting structure 310 is provided with a linear movement channel 311, and the high-temperature pressure container 100 is arranged in the linear movement channel 311 to limit the displacement of the high-temperature pressure container 100 in the up-down direction and the left-right direction. It can be understood that when the gas in the reaction cavity is discharged from the pressure relief channel 211, it will generate a reverse thrust on the high-temperature pressure container 100, so that the high-temperature pressure container moves in the direction opposite to the discharge direction of the reaction gas, thereby facilitating the thrust measuring device 320 to measure the thrust. Therefore, the limiting structure 310 only needs to provide the linear movement channel 311 to limit the displacement of the high-temperature pressure container 100 in the up-down direction and the left-right direction, so that the high-temperature pressure container 100 can move along the preset track, thereby measuring the thrust. That is, the linear movement channel 311 provides accurate guidance and constraint for the high-temperature pressure container 100, ensuring that it can only move in the predetermined direction, and the thrust generated thereby can be accurately detected by the thrust measuring device 320 during the movement.

[0032] Further, the limiting structure 310 comprises a first limiting frame 312 and two oppositely arranged second limiting frames 313, the two sides of the first limiting frame 312 are respectively connected to the ends of the two second limiting frames 313 to form the straight movement channel 311 between the two second limiting frames 313, and the thrust measuring device 320 is arranged on the first limiting frame 312 and corresponds to the high-temperature pressure container 100. It can be understood that the two oppositely arranged second limiting frames 313 define a clear "straight movement channel 311". This can effectively prevent the high-temperature pressure container 100 from deflecting, jamming or laterally shaking during movement, and ensure the accuracy and repeatability of the movement trajectory. This is crucial for obtaining stable and reliable thrust measurement data. The thrust measuring device 320 is arranged on the first limiting frame 312 perpendicular to the movement axis of the high-temperature pressure container 100. The first limiting frame 312 itself is fixed and does not move, and due to the rigid connection of the entire limiting structure 310, it provides a stable and reliable reference plane for measurement. The force measured by the thrust measuring device 320 is directly the thrust generated by the moving object along the channel axis, avoiding measurement errors caused by structural shaking or non-axial force components. When the measured object (high-temperature pressure container 100) moves linearly in the channel, the thrust generated by it will directly and without offset act on the thrust measuring device 320 in front. This "coaxial" design makes the force transmission path shortest and most direct, maximally reduces energy loss and interference, and thus ensures the accuracy and authenticity of the measurement results. The first limiting frame 312 and the two second limiting frames 313 are connected to each other to form a semi-closed rigid frame. This integrated structure can effectively resist external vibration and internal force deformation, providing a solid and stable working platform for high-precision thrust measurement. Of course, the present scheme is not limited to this, and in other embodiments, the limiting structure 310 can also comprise only two oppositely arranged limiting frames to form the straight movement channel 311 between the two limiting frames, and the thrust measuring device 320 is arranged on one of the limiting frames and corresponds to the high-temperature pressure container 100 to detect the thrust generated by the high-temperature pressure container 100 when the battery pack is in thermal runaway and the reaction gas is discharged.

[0033] It should be noted that when the thrust measuring device 320 measures the thrust generated by the moving object along the channel axis, the thrust measuring device 320 can transmit the thrust signal in real time to the industrial computer. The industrial computer automatically calculates and processes the corrected true thrust value by collecting the friction data between the straight movement channel 311 and the high-temperature pressure container 100 and combining the thrust signal.

[0034] Optionally, the thrust test device 300 further comprises a base 330 arranged at the bottom of the high-temperature pressure container 100, two second limiting frames 313 are respectively provided with rails 311a near one side of the linear movement channel 311, and the base 330 is respectively provided with moving pieces corresponding to the two rails 311a, and the moving pieces are arranged on the rails 311a. It can be understood that the moving pieces and the rails 311a are matched with each other, so that the limiting friction between the base 330 and the limiting structure 310 can be reduced, and the accuracy of the thrust measurement can be improved. Of course, the present solution is not limited to this, and in other embodiments, the base 330 can not be arranged, two second limiting frames 313 are respectively provided with rails 311a near one side of the linear movement channel 311, and the high-temperature pressure container 100 is respectively provided with moving pieces corresponding to the two rails 311a, and the moving pieces are arranged on the rails 311a.

[0035] Further, two second limiting frames 313 are respectively provided with limiting recesses 314 near one side of the linear movement channel 311, the rails 311a are shaped on the bottom side walls of the limiting recesses 314, and the base 330 is provided with limiting ribs 332 limiting the top side walls of the limiting recesses 314. It can be understood that the moving pieces and the bottom side walls of the limiting recesses 314 limit the downward displacement of the base 330, the limiting ribs 332 and the top side walls of the limiting recesses 314 limit the upward displacement of the base 330, and the opposite side walls of the two limiting recesses 314 jointly limit the left-right displacement of the base 330. Of course, the present solution is not limited to this, and in other embodiments, two second limiting frames 313 are respectively provided with limiting grooves near one side of the linear movement channel 311, the rails 311a are shaped in the limiting grooves, and the sliding pieces are slidingly arranged in the limiting grooves, so that the displacement of the high-temperature pressure container 100 in the upward-downward direction and the left-right direction is limited by the limiting cooperation between the sliding pieces and the limiting grooves.

[0036] Referring to Figure 4 , wherein the moving piece is configured as a roller 331, the roller 331 comprises a roller cylinder 331a and a limiting ring 31b arranged at the end of the roller cylinder 331a, the roller cylinder 331a is arranged on the bottom side wall of the limiting recess 314, and the limiting ring 31b is limited by the notch of the limiting recess 314. It can be understood that the setting of the roller 331 can reduce the friction between the moving piece and the rail 311a, and the limiting ring 31b on the roller 331 can be limited by the notch of the limiting recess 314, so that the left-right displacement of the base 330 can be further limited. Of course, the present solution is not limited to this, and in other embodiments, the moving piece can also be configured as a sliding block, and the rail 311a is configured as a sliding rail, and the rail 311a is slidingly arranged on the sliding rail.

[0037] Referring to Figure 2 and Figure 3Further, the thrust measuring device 320 is configured as a thrust sensor, and the side of the high-temperature pressure container 100 away from the pressure relief structure 200 is used to push the thrust sensor. Such a thrust measuring device 320 is simple, and the scheme does not need to indirectly calculate the total thrust by measuring the instantaneous pressure, flow rate and other parameters in the pressure relief pipe 210, and avoids the errors and uncertainties that may be caused by intermediate conversion links, and the measurement result is more reliable and direct. Of course, the present scheme is not limited thereto, and in other embodiments, the thrust measuring device 320 can also be configured as a collector for measuring the instantaneous pressure, flow rate and other parameters in the pressure relief channel 211, and then indirectly calculating the total thrust through the instantaneous pressure, flow rate and other parameters in the pressure relief channel 211.

[0038] The side of the high-temperature pressure container 100 away from the pressure relief structure 200 is provided with a push rod 140 corresponding to the thrust sensor, and the push rod 140 is used to push the thrust sensor, so that the accuracy of the monitoring data of the thrust sensor can be improved. Of course, the present scheme is not limited thereto, and in other embodiments, the side wall of the side of the high-temperature pressure container 100 away from the pressure relief pipe 210 can also be directly pushed against the thrust sensor.

[0039] Further, the height centering accuracy of the acting surface of the first limiting frame 312 and the impact mechanism of the high-temperature pressure container 100 is controlled within ±2mm, so as to ensure that the thrust sensor array can accurately collect impact data.

[0040] Referring to Figures 13 to 16 In an embodiment, the battery pack thermal runaway test system further comprises a physical coordinate system 500, which is provided corresponding to the gas outlet end of the pressure relief channel 211. The setting of the physical coordinate system 500 can make the flame ejected from the pressure relief pipe 210 more intuitive, so as to quantify the flame influence area and fluctuation range under the thermal runaway state of the battery pack.

[0041] Further, in the present embodiment, the battery pack thermal runaway test system further comprises a visual monitoring module, which is provided corresponding to the physical coordinate system 500. Through the visual monitoring module, the coverage range of the flame on the physical coordinate system 500 can be recorded.

[0042] Further, in the present embodiment, the gas outlet of the pressure relief channel 211 is provided at the origin of the physical coordinate system 500; in this way, the flame influence area can be directly quantified and intuitively observed.

[0043] Further, in the embodiment, the entity coordinate system 500 comprises an X-axis frame and a Y-axis frame, both of which are provided with scales, the X-axis frame is parallel to the pressure relief pipe 210, and the Y-axis frame is perpendicular to the pressure relief pipe 210, which is conducive to further accurately quantifying the flame influence area in the battery pack thermal runaway state.

[0044] In the embodiment, the gas outlet of the pressure relief channel 211 is located at the origin of the entity coordinate system 500; the entity coordinate system 500 comprises an X-axis frame and a Y-axis frame, both of which are provided with scales, the X-axis frame is parallel to the pressure relief channel 211, and the Y-axis frame is perpendicular to the pressure relief channel 211.

[0045] Optionally, the bottom of the entity coordinate system 500 is provided with a moving seat with a roller 331; this can facilitate the adjustment of the position of the moving entity coordinate system 500.

[0046] Further, in order to improve the strength of the entity coordinate system 500, the material of the entity coordinate system 500 is configured as steel. Of course, the present scheme is not limited to this, and in other embodiments, the material of the entity coordinate system 500 can also be configured as ceramic or other high-temperature-resistant alloys.

[0047] With reference to Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 12 , optionally, the pressure relief structure 200 further comprises a pressure relief measurement assembly 400 arranged in the pressure relief channel 211, which at least monitors the flow rate data of the gas in the pressure relief channel 211 in real time; it can be understood that when the pressure in the reaction cavity reaches the preset threshold value of the pressure relief valve assembly 220, the pressure relief valve assembly 220 is opened, so that the pressure relief channel 211 and the reaction cavity are communicated, so that the gas in the reaction cavity is discharged from the pressure relief channel 211, at the same time, the pressure relief measurement assembly 400 monitors the flow rate data of the gas in the pressure relief channel 211 in real time, thereby providing a basis for evaluating the disturbance effect of the pressure relief gas on the vehicle (especially the aircraft). In the process of flight of the aircraft, the change of the flow rate of the released gas may have an impact on its flight attitude, and the present scheme can effectively monitor and analyze such impact.

[0048] In an embodiment, the pressure relief measurement assembly 400 also monitors the temperature and / or pressure and / or flow rate data of the gas in the pressure relief passage 211 in real time; when the pressure in the reaction chamber reaches the preset threshold value of the pressure relief valve assembly 220, the pressure relief valve assembly 220 opens, thereby enabling the pressure relief pipe 210 to communicate with the reaction chamber, so that after the thermal runaway reaction occurs, the gas in the reaction chamber is discharged from the pressure relief pipe 210, and at the same time, the pressure relief measurement assembly 400 monitors the flow rate, temperature and pressure of the gas in the pressure relief pipe 210 in real time, thereby providing a basis for evaluating the disturbance effect of the flow rate, pressure and temperature of the pressure relief gas on the vehicle, especially the aircraft. During the flight of the aircraft, the changes in the flow rate, temperature and pressure of the discharged gas can affect its flight attitude, and the present scheme can effectively monitor and analyze such effects.

[0049] Further, in the present embodiment, the pressure relief structure 200 includes the pressure relief pipe 210, the pressure relief passage 211 is formed in the pressure relief pipe 210, and the pressure relief measurement assembly 400 is arranged in the pressure relief pipe 210. Of course, the present scheme is not limited thereto, and in other embodiments, the pressure relief passage 211 can also be formed on the side wall of the high-temperature pressure vessel 100.

[0050] Secondly, the battery pack of the aircraft also has a pressure relief pipe 210 and a pressure relief valve 222 in actual use, and the inner cavity of the battery pack communicates with the pressure relief pipe 210 through the pressure relief valve 222. The present scheme provides the pressure relief pipe 210 on the high-temperature pressure vessel 100, and enables the pressure relief passage 211 to communicate with the reaction chamber through the pressure relief valve assembly 220, so that the test environment of the battery pack and the actual use environment of the battery pack are more similar, thereby providing more accurate thermal runaway gas dynamic parameters for evaluating the disturbance effect of the pressure relief gas on the flight attitude of the aircraft.

[0051] More importantly, the pressure relief structure 200 of the present scheme can simulate the pressure relief valve assembly 220 and the pressure relief pipe 210 of the actual battery pack on the aircraft, which can further make the test environment of the battery pack and the actual use environment of the battery pack more similar, and can also verify the pressure relief capacity of the pressure relief structure 200 when the battery pack of the aircraft has a thermal runaway.

[0052] In order to ensure the accuracy of the test, the pressure relief pipe 210 and the pressure relief valve assembly 220 are the same specifications as the pressure relief pipe 210 and the pressure relief valve 222 actually used on the battery pack of the aircraft, and are used as the test pressure relief structure 200 for testing.

[0053] Optionally, the pressure relief measurement assembly 400 comprises a windward tube 410 and a leeward tube 420 arranged on the sidewall of the pressure relief pipe 210 and extending towards the middle of the pressure relief pipe 210, the detection port of the windward tube 410 is arranged to face the pressure relief valve assembly 220, and the detection port of the leeward tube 420 is arranged to face away from the pressure relief valve assembly 220, so as to monitor the air pressure difference in the pressure relief pipe 210 in real time, and measure the flow rate and flow of the gas according to the air pressure difference. Specifically, the present scheme monitors the air pressure difference in the pressure relief pipe 210 in real time through the windward tube 410 and the leeward tube 420, measures the flow rate of the gas according to the air pressure difference, and then multiplies the flow rate value of the gas by the cross-sectional area of the pressure relief pipe 210 to obtain the flow of the gas in the pressure relief pipe 210. Moreover, the present scheme is based on the principle of the pitot tube, and the windward tube 410 and the leeward tube 420 can obtain accurate flow rate values of the gas by monitoring the air pressure difference in real time and calculating through the collection module of the pressure relief measurement assembly 400. Such a flow rate and / or flow monitoring assembly has a simple structure, and the windward tube 410 and the leeward tube 420 can directly withstand the high-temperature flame, high-speed airflow impact and possible particle erosion generated during the thermal runaway relief, and will not be easily damaged. Secondly, the pitot tube anemometer calculates the flow rate by measuring the difference between the static pressure and the total pressure of the fluid at the pipe or air port of the windward tube 410 and the leeward tube 420, i.e. the dynamic pressure, and has very fast response speed, which can effectively capture the most severe pressure / flow rate peak value in the initial relief stage, which is crucial for analyzing the relief impact effect. Of course, the present scheme is not limited to this, and in other embodiments, the pressure relief measurement assembly 400 can also be configured as other flow rate measurement devices.

[0054] In the present embodiment, the windward tube 410 comprises a straight segment and a curved segment connected in communication, the straight segment of the windward tube 410 extends towards the middle of the pressure relief pipe 210, and the curved segment of the windward tube 410 extends towards the direction close to the pressure relief valve assembly 220. The leeward tube 420 also comprises a straight segment and a curved segment connected in communication, the straight segment of the leeward tube 420 extends towards the middle of the pressure relief pipe 210, and the curved segment of the leeward tube 420 extends away from the pressure relief valve assembly 220. It can be understood that in this way, the data in the middle of the pressure relief pipe 210 can be measured, so as to improve the accuracy of the data. Of course, the present scheme is not limited to this, and in other embodiments, the windward tube 410 can only comprise a curved segment extending towards the direction close to the pressure relief valve assembly 220, and the leeward tube 420 can only comprise a curved segment extending away from the pressure relief valve assembly 220.

[0055] In order to ensure the representativeness and accuracy of the measurement data, the measurement tube port positions of the windward tube 410 and the leeward tube 420 are located at the central axis position of the pressure relief pipe 210, i.e. the positions of the sensors of the windward tube 410 and the leeward tube 420 are located at the central axis position of the pressure relief pipe 210.

[0056] Further, in order to verify the data measured by the pressure relief measurement assembly 400 and improve the accuracy of the data, in the present embodiment, the pressure relief measurement assembly 400 is provided in multiple groups, and the multiple groups of pressure relief measurement assemblies 400 are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the pressure relief pipe 210.

[0057] In the present embodiment, the pressure relief measurement assembly 400 is provided in two groups and arranged at intervals along the length direction of the pressure relief pipe 210. This design allows the measurement data of the two groups of pressure relief measurement assemblies 400 to be verified with each other, which not only ensures the reliability of the collected data, but also avoids the increase in cost and system redundancy caused by setting too many components.

[0058] In order to monitor the temperature and / or pressure in the pressure relief pipe 210 in real time and record the dynamic pressure and temperature in the pressure relief pipe 210, the data acquisition module further comprises a first temperature sensor and / or a first pressure sensor arranged in the pressure relief pipe 210.

[0059] Further, the pressure relief measurement assembly 400 further comprises a first air guide pipe 430 arranged on the side wall of the pressure relief pipe 210 and extending towards the middle part of the pressure relief pipe 210, and the probe of the first temperature sensor is located at the free end of the first air guide pipe 430; and / or the pressure relief measurement assembly 400 further comprises a second air guide pipe 440 arranged on the side wall of the pressure relief pipe 210 and extending towards the middle part of the pressure relief pipe 210, and the probe of the first pressure sensor is located at the free end of the second air guide pipe 440. It can be understood that the first air guide pipe 430 and / or the second air guide pipe 440 extend towards the middle part of the pressure relief pipe 210, which is beneficial to improve the representativeness and accuracy of the measurement data of the first temperature sensor and / or the first pressure sensor. Further, the detection port of the first air guide pipe 430 and / or the second air guide pipe 440 is located at the central axis position of the pressure relief pipe 210, that is, the first temperature sensor and / or the first pressure sensor is located at the central axis position of the pressure relief pipe 210, which can further improve the representativeness and accuracy of the measurement data of the first temperature sensor and / or the first pressure sensor. Of course, the present scheme is not limited thereto, and in other embodiments, the first pressure sensor and / or the first temperature sensor can be directly arranged on the pipe wall of the pressure relief pipe 210.

[0060] Further, the pressure relief measurement assembly 400 further comprises a mounting seat, the windward pipe 410, the leeward pipe 420, the first air guide pipe 430 and the second air guide pipe 440 are arranged on the mounting seat, the pressure relief pipe 210 is provided with a mounting portion corresponding to the mounting seat, and the mounting seat and the mounting portion are detachably connected, which can facilitate the disassembly of the pressure relief measurement assembly 400, the first air guide pipe 430 and the second air guide pipe 440, thereby facilitating the maintenance and cleaning of the windward pipe 410, the leeward pipe 420, the first air guide pipe 430, the second air guide pipe 440 and the internal sensors.

[0061] Further, in the embodiment, the mounting seat is threadedly connected with the mounting portion, and such mounting mode is simple and stable. Of course, in other embodiments, the mounting seat can be snap-connected with the mounting portion.

[0062] In an embodiment, the high-temperature pressure container 100 is provided with a pressure relief interface 110, and the pressure relief valve assembly 220 includes a mounting base 221 and a pressure relief valve 222. The pressure relief valve 222 is arranged on the pressure relief interface 110 through the mounting base 221, and the pressure relief pipe 210 covers the pressure relief valve 222. It can be understood that the specifications of the battery pack are not fixed, for example, when the thermal containment design is used, the same model of battery pack also needs different models of pressure relief valve assemblies 220 to verify the effect of pressure relief, and the specifications of the corresponding pressure relief valve 222 also need to be adjusted. Moreover, by adding the intermediate connecting structure of the mounting base 221, when replacing pressure relief valves 222 of different specifications, for example, when using the same high-temperature pressure container 100 to test battery packs of different models, and when verifying the thermal containment technology effect of matching different models of pressure relief valve assemblies 220 for the same model of battery pack, the mounting base 221 matched with the pressure relief valve 222 of the different specifications only needs to be replaced, without the need to change the pressure relief interface 110 of the high-temperature pressure container 100. This not only facilitates the quick replacement of the pressure relief valve 222 according to the specifications of the battery pack, realizes the modular disassembly and assembly of the pressure relief assembly, but also significantly reduces the adaptation cost caused by repeated machining of the interface, while ensuring the more accurate matching between the pressure relief valve 222 and the test battery cell 80. Of course, the present scheme is not limited to this, and in other embodiments, the pressure relief valve assembly 220 can only include the pressure relief valve 222, which is directly mounted to the pressure relief interface 110 of the high-temperature pressure container 100.

[0063] Specifically, in the embodiment, the component in the pressure relief valve assembly 220 that opens after the pressure in the reaction cavity reaches the preset threshold is the pressure relief valve 222. It can be understood that the pressure relief valve 222 is a safety device, and its core function is to automatically open when the pressure exceeds the predetermined limit, and to reduce the system pressure by releasing the medium (such as gas or liquid). Of course, the component in the pressure relief valve assembly 220 that opens after the pressure in the reaction cavity reaches the preset threshold can also be other components that can open or burst at a predetermined pressure.

[0064] Referring to Figures 6 to 11In an embodiment, the pressure relief valve assembly 220 is provided in multiple sets, and the pressure relief valves 222 in any two sets of the pressure relief valve assembly 220 are of different specifications, and one set of the pressure relief valve assembly 220 is installed with the pressure relief interface 110, wherein the pressure relief interface 110 is provided with a mounting structure, and each mounting base 221 is provided with a matching structure corresponding to the mounting structure, and the mounting base 221 is arranged on the pressure relief interface 110 through the mounting structure and the matching structure. Specifically, each set of pressure relief valve assembly 220 includes a pressure relief valve 222 and a customized mounting base 221 matched with the pressure relief valve 222. Since all mounting bases 221 are provided with matching structures that adapt to the same mounting structure, when the battery pack specification changes and the pressure relief valve 222 needs to be replaced, the corresponding pressure relief valve assembly 220 can be replaced as a whole without the need to modify the pressure relief interface 110 of the high-temperature pressure vessel 100 body. This modular design not only realizes the quick replacement of the pressure relief valve 222, but also significantly reduces the adaptation cost caused by repeated machining of the pressure relief interface 110, while ensuring that the pressure relief valve 222 is always accurately matched with the specification of the test battery cell 80. Of course, this solution is not limited to this, and in other embodiments, the pressure relief valve assembly 220 can only include a pressure relief valve 222, and the pressure relief valve 222 is provided in multiple, any two pressure relief valves 222 are of different specifications, and the high-temperature pressure vessel 100 includes a reaction shell and multiple shell covers that can detachably cover the opening of the reaction shell. The pressure relief interface 110 is arranged on the shell cover and corresponds to a pressure relief valve 222, that is, the pressure relief interface 110 on each shell cover is arranged corresponding to a pressure relief valve 222, and the pressure relief valve 222 is installed on the shell cover through the pressure relief interface 110, so that when the pressure relief valve 222 is replaced, only the shell cover needs to be replaced.

[0065] Further, the positioning structure 230 is arranged between the pressure relief interface 110 and the mounting base 221. It can be understood that the positioning structure 230 can ensure the relative position of the pressure relief interface 110 and the mounting base 221 of the high-temperature pressure vessel 100, that is, the coaxiality of the gas passages of the pressure relief interface 110 and the mounting base 221, thereby improving the smoothness of the pressure relief process.

[0066] The positioning structure 230 includes a positioning column 231 and a positioning groove 232, one of which is arranged on the pressure relief interface 110, and the other is arranged on the mounting base 221. Such a positioning structure 230 has a simple machining process and can improve production efficiency. Of course, the present solution is not limited to this. In the second embodiment, the positioning structure 230 can also include a positioning sink and a positioning boss, one of which is arranged on the pressure relief interface 110, and the other is arranged on the mounting base 221. Of course, the present solution is not limited to this. In the third embodiment, the positioning structure 230 includes a positioning bolt column and a positioning hole, the positioning bolt column is arranged on the pressure relief interface 110, and the positioning hole is arranged on the mounting base 221. In this way, when the positioning bolt column passes through the positioning hole, a nut can be used for fastening, so that fastening can be achieved while the positioning effect of the mounting base 221 can be increased.

[0067] Further, the positioning column 231 and the positioning groove 232 are pre-filled with high-temperature-resistant sealant before assembly, and then the positioning column 231 is precisely inserted into the positioning groove 232. Finally, by applying uniform pressing force to the mounting base 221 and fastening the mounting base 221, a stable seal is formed on the combined surface, thereby ensuring the air tightness of the high-temperature pressure container 100 under extreme working conditions.

[0068] Optionally, in an embodiment, the positioning structure 230 is also arranged between the pressure relief valve 222 and the mounting base 221. It can be understood that the positioning structure 230 arranged between the pressure relief valve 222 and the mounting base 221 can ensure the relative position between the pressure relief valve 222 and the mounting base 221, thereby ensuring the coaxiality of the gas passage of the pressure relief valve 222 and the mounting base 221, and improving the smoothness of the pressure relief process.

[0069] It should be noted that, since the positioning structure 230 is arranged between the pressure relief interface 110 and the mounting base 221, and the positioning structure 230 is also arranged between the pressure relief valve 222 and the mounting base 221, the coaxiality of the gas passage of the pressure relief interface 110 and the mounting base 221 of the high-temperature pressure container 100 can be ensured, and the coaxiality of the gas passage of the pressure relief valve 222 and the mounting base 221 can be ensured. Similarly, the coaxiality of the pressure relief valve 222 and the pressure relief interface 110 of the high-temperature pressure container 100 can also be ensured, that is, the coaxiality of the pressure relief valve 222, the gas passage of the mounting base 221, and the pressure relief interface 110 of the high-temperature pressure container 100 can be ensured, thereby further improving the smoothness of the pressure relief process.

[0070] In an embodiment, the positioning structure 230 between the pressure relief valve 222 and the mounting base 221 is the same as the positioning structure 230 between the pressure relief interface 110 and the mounting base 221, that is, the positioning structure 230 between the pressure relief valve 222 and the mounting base 221 also includes a positioning column 231 and a positioning groove 232, one of which is arranged on the pressure relief valve 222 and the other of which is arranged on the mounting base 221. Of course, in other embodiments, the positioning structure 230 between the pressure relief valve 222 and the mounting base 221 can also be different from the positioning structure 230 between the pressure relief interface 110 and the mounting base 221.

[0071] Optionally, in an embodiment, the pressure relief interface 110 is provided with a bolt column, and the mounting base 221 and the pressure relief pipe 210 are respectively provided with fastening holes corresponding to the bolt column, the bolt column passes through the fastening holes of the mounting base 221 and the fastening holes of the pressure relief pipe 210 in turn, and is fastened by a nut, so that the pressure relief pipe 210 and the mounting base 221 can be fastened by using one bolt structure, which can save the installation structure and improve the installation efficiency. Of course, this scheme is not limited to this, and in other embodiments, the pressure relief interface 110 can also be provided with a bolt column corresponding to the mounting base 221 and the pressure relief pipe 210.

[0072] Further, in this embodiment, the pressure relief interface 110 is filled with sealant between the mounting base 221 and the pressure relief pipe 210, which can ensure the sealing of the reaction cavity.

[0073] Referring to Figures 4 to 6 In this embodiment, the gap between the cavity wall of the reaction cavity and the battery cell 80 is filled with a fire-resistant and high-temperature-resistant material to form a simulation test cavity in the reaction cavity that is adapted to the battery cell 80. It can be understood that the finished battery pack used on the aircraft includes a battery cell and a shell, and the battery cell is arranged in the shell, that is, the battery cell and the shell of the finished battery pack are adapted to each other. When testing the experiment, after the battery cell 80 is installed into the reaction cavity, there is generally a large gap between the battery cell 80 and the cavity wall of the reaction cavity. This scheme fills the gap between the battery cell 80 and the cavity wall of the reaction cavity with a fire-resistant and high-temperature-resistant material, that is, fills the excess gap between the battery cell 80 and the high-temperature pressure container 100 with a fire-resistant and high-temperature-resistant material to form a fire-resistant and high-temperature-resistant layer 120 between the battery cell 80 and the reaction cavity, so as to ensure that the space (simulation test cavity) for installing the battery cell 80 in the high-temperature pressure container 100 after being filled with the fire-resistant and high-temperature-resistant material is equivalent to the space for installing the battery cell 80 in the shell of the finished battery pack, that is, the simulation test cavity in the reaction cavity that is adapted to the battery cell 80 is equivalent to the space for installing the battery cell 80 in the shell of the finished battery pack, which can more simulate the environment in which the battery cell 80 occurs in a thermal runaway state in the actual use process, so that the data obtained by the test is more representative and more accurate.

[0074] Secondly, the gap between the cavity wall of the reaction cavity and the battery cell 80 is filled with a fire-resistant and high-temperature-resistant material. On the one hand, the gap can be customized according to the size and shape of different battery packs to accurately match the internal gap, so that the internal space is equivalent to the remaining space after the actual finished battery pack is grouped. On the other hand, the fire-resistant and high-temperature-resistant material filling layer acts as a heat shield to improve the durability, reliability and safety of the high-temperature pressure container 100.

[0075] Further, in order to reduce the influence of the weight of the filling material on the test results, the fire-resistant and high-temperature-resistant material is specifically a lightweight fire-resistant and high-temperature-resistant material.

[0076] The fire-resistant and high-temperature-resistant filler includes at least one of high-temperature ceramic and aerogel. High-temperature ceramic has extremely high temperature resistance, structural stability and thermal shock resistance, and aerogel has excellent heat insulation performance. Including at least one of high-temperature ceramic and aerogel in the fire-resistant and high-temperature-resistant filler can have excellent heat insulation and protection effects.

[0077] In this embodiment, the fire-resistant and high-temperature-resistant filler includes high-temperature ceramic and aerogel. Specifically, high-temperature ceramic is used to fill large gaps, and aerogel is used to fill small gaps. High-temperature ceramic is not easy to deform at high temperature and has light weight, and is easy to install in the reaction cavity 110. Aerogel is light and can fill gaps. Both of them can ensure electrical isolation between the battery cell 80 and the container wall and enhance the safety of the experiment.

[0078] Optionally, the high-temperature pressure container 100 is provided with a container measurement assembly to measure the temperature and / or pressure data of the reaction cavity in real time.

[0079] In order to obtain the maximum pressure value in the reaction cavity during the battery pack thermal runaway test, the maximum pressure value is used as a design parameter for later box design, reduces the probability of damage to the high-temperature pressure container 100, and ensures the integrity and safety of the whole process of the battery pack thermal runaway test. The high-temperature pressure container 100 of the present application is provided with a container measurement assembly to measure the pressure data of the reaction cavity in real time. In this embodiment, the container measurement assembly includes a second pressure sensor for real-time monitoring of the temperature in the reaction cavity.

[0080] In order to obtain the maximum and minimum values of the temperature in the reaction cavity and obtain the temperature field to analyze the reasons for the temperature change in different time periods, the high-temperature pressure container 100 of the present application is provided with a container measurement assembly to measure the temperature data of the reaction cavity in real time. In this embodiment, the container measurement assembly includes a second temperature sensor for real-time monitoring of the temperature in the reaction cavity.

[0081] Optionally, in the embodiment, the high-temperature pressure container 100 is provided with at least one mounting interface 130, and the battery pack thermal runaway test system further comprises at least one mounting pipe, one mounting pipe is detachably and sealingly connected with one mounting interface 130, and the mounting pipe is arranged to protrude towards the outside of the high-temperature pressure container 100, and is used for sealingly mounting the container measurement assembly, specifically, after the container measurement assembly is mounted to the mounting pipe, the mounting pipe is sealed, and when the mounting pipe is mounted to the mounting interface 130, the collection head of the container measurement assembly monitors the data in the reaction cavity. It can be understood that the sealing material in the mounting pipe is difficult to clean after the test is completed, and the scheme is provided with multiple mounting interfaces 130 on the high-temperature pressure container 100, and the mounting pipe is detachably and sealingly connected with the mounting interface 130, so that the container measurement assembly can be resealed and mounted by replacing the mounting pipe during the next test, which can greatly improve the efficiency of the test.

[0082] The second pressure sensor is sealingly arranged at one end of the mounting pipe away from the high-temperature pressure container 100, so as to detect the pressure in the reaction cavity. It can be understood that after the thermal runaway of the battery cell 80, the temperature in the reaction cavity is greatly increased, and the second pressure sensor is easily burned out. The second pressure sensor is sealingly arranged at one end of the mounting pipe away from the high-temperature pressure container 100, so that the length of the mounting pipe can be used to dissipate heat of the gas monitored by the second pressure sensor, thereby reducing the probability of burning out of the second pressure sensor. The second pressure sensor can detect the pressure in the reaction cavity to obtain the maximum pressure value in the reaction cavity, so as to use the maximum pressure value as a design parameter for later box design, thereby reducing the probability of damage of the high-temperature pressure container 100, and further ensuring the integrity and safety of the whole process of the battery pack thermal runaway test.

[0083] The container measurement assembly further comprises a voltage collection line, which is arranged in the mounting pipe to detect the voltage in the reaction cavity, so as to obtain the voltage drop starting time point of the battery cell 80, and use the voltage drop starting time point of the battery cell 80 as a warning signal for judging the thermal runaway of the battery cell 80, so as to evaluate the disturbance analysis of the battery pack thermal runaway to the aircraft.

[0084] Further, the mounting pipe is also used for sealingly mounting the wires of the thermal runaway triggering module, and after the wires of the thermal runaway triggering module are sealingly mounted in the mounting pipe, the mounting pipe is detachably mounted to the mounting interface.

[0085] Further, in the embodiment, the installation interfaces 130 are provided in plurality, and the installation pipes are also provided in plurality, the voltage collection line, the second pressure sensor and the lead of the heat supply out-of-control triggering module are respectively sealed through one installation pipe, and each installation pipe is detachably and sealingly connected with one installation interface 130, so that the voltage collection line, the second pressure sensor and the lead of the heat supply out-of-control triggering module can be sealingly installed. Of course, the scheme is not limited to this, and in other embodiments, the installation interfaces 130 can be provided in one and only one, and the voltage collection line, the second pressure sensor and the lead of the heat supply out-of-control triggering module are all sealed through the same installation pipe.

[0086] Optionally, the high-temperature pressure container 100 comprises a cavity and a cover, the cover is detachably sealed to the opening of the cavity. It can be understood that when the previous test is completed, the test residue can be taken out by detaching the cover, and then the battery cell 80 for the next test is put in. In this way, the high-temperature pressure container 100 can be reused, thereby reducing the cost of repeated tests.

[0087] Optionally, in an embodiment, a high-temperature-resistant sealing ring is arranged between the cover and the cavity. In this way, the sealing property of the high-temperature pressure container 100 can be improved, and the airtightness of the high-temperature pressure container 100 can be ensured after multiple thermal runaway tests. In addition, the high-temperature-resistant sealing ring can also have a heat insulation effect to prevent the temperature of the cover from being too high. Of course, the scheme is not limited to this, and in other embodiments, a high-temperature-resistant sealing glue (i.e. a high-temperature-resistant sealing liquid glue) can also be arranged between the cover and the cavity.

[0088] Further, the cover is detachably sealed to the taking and placing opening of the cavity through a bolt. It can be understood that the high-temperature-resistant sealing ring can be gradually pressed by the pre-tightening force of the bolt, thereby further improving the sealing property of the high-temperature pressure container 100, and ensuring the reliable sealing of the high-temperature pressure container 100 under high-temperature and high-pressure working conditions. Of course, the scheme is not limited to this, and in other embodiments, the cover can also be detachably sealed to the taking and placing opening of the cavity through a buckle structure and a bolt. It can be understood that the buckle structure can realize the positioning and pre-tightening of the front end cover and the rear end cover, which is convenient for the bolt tightening operation of the front end cover and the rear end cover by the operator, and the bolt can increase the tightening force of the front end cover and the rear end cover. In this way, the assembly efficiency of the front end cover and the rear end cover can be improved, and the tightening force of the front end cover and the rear end cover can be ensured.

[0089] In the embodiment, the cavity is configured in a cylindrical shape, so that higher pressure resistance can be obtained, and a larger internal volume can be easily obtained for adapting to battery packs of various configurations. Of course, the scheme is not limited to this, and in other embodiments, the cavity can also be configured in a spherical shape.

[0090] Further, in the embodiment, the cavity is cylindrical, the taking and placing opening is arranged at the end of the cavity, and the pressure relief interface 110 is arranged on the cover body. The pressure relief interface 110 is located in the middle of the cover body. Since the positioning structure 230 is arranged between the pressure relief valve 222 and the mounting base 221, and the positioning structure 230 is arranged between the pressure relief interface 110 and the mounting base 221, the pressure relief pipe 210 and the mounting base 221 are fastened by the same bolt structure. It can be understood that the positioning structure 230 arranged between the pressure relief valve 222 and the mounting base 221 can ensure the relative position between the pressure relief valve 222 and the mounting base 221, thereby ensuring the coaxiality of the air passage of the pressure relief valve 222 and the mounting base 221. Similarly, the positioning structure 230 arranged between the pressure relief interface 110 and the mounting base 221 can also ensure the coaxiality of the air passage of the pressure relief interface 110 and the mounting base 221. Since the cavity is cylindrical and the pressure relief interface 110 is located in the middle of the front end cover, the present scheme can ensure the coaxiality of the air passage of the pressure relief pipe 210, the pressure relief valve 222, the mounting base 221, the cavity and the pressure relief port, thereby further improving the smoothness of the pressure relief process.

[0091] In the embodiment, the cavity has a first taking and placing opening and a second taking and placing opening, the cover body includes a first cover body and a second cover body for covering the first taking and placing opening and the second taking and placing opening respectively, and at least one of the first cover body and the second cover body is detachably and sealingly connected to the cavity. The pressure relief interface 110 is arranged on the first cover body or the second cover body. It can be understood that the arrangement of the two taking and placing openings can facilitate the installation of the battery cell 80 and the data acquisition module 70 in the reaction cavity, is also conducive to cleaning the residues after the test, and is conducive to improving the test efficiency. Of course, the present scheme is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the cavity can also have only one taking and placing opening, and the cover body can detachably and sealingly cover the taking and placing opening.

[0092] In the embodiment, the first cover body and the second cover body are detachably and sealingly covering the first taking and placing opening and the second taking and placing opening of the cavity respectively. In this way, the test residues can be conveniently taken out from both ends of the cavity, and the battery cell 80 and the data acquisition module 70 can be conveniently installed, thereby improving the efficiency of the test preparation process. Of course, the present scheme is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, only one of the first cover body and the second cover body can be detachably and sealingly connected to the cavity, and the other one can be fixedly and sealingly connected to the cavity.

[0093] The above description is only an exemplary embodiment of the present application, and does not limit the patent scope of the present application. Any equivalent structural transformation made by referring to the content of the present application specification and drawings, or direct / indirect application in other related technical fields is included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A battery pack thermal runaway testing system, characterized in that, include: A high-temperature pressure vessel, wherein the high-temperature pressure vessel is provided with a reaction chamber for power core installation; A pressure relief structure, comprising a pressure relief channel and a pressure relief valve assembly, wherein the pressure relief channel is connected to the reaction chamber via the pressure relief valve assembly; and A thrust testing device, comprising a limiting structure and a thrust measuring device, wherein the limiting structure is used to limit the high-temperature pressure vessel, and the thrust measuring device is used to monitor in real time the thrust generated when the gas is discharged from the pressure relief channel.

2. The battery pack thermal runaway testing system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The limiting structure is provided with a linear movement channel, and the high-temperature pressure vessel is located in the linear movement channel to limit the displacement of the high-temperature pressure vessel in the vertical and horizontal directions.

3. The battery pack thermal runaway testing system as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The limiting structure includes a first limiting frame and two opposing second limiting frames. The two sides of the first limiting frame are respectively connected to the ends of the two second limiting frames to form the linear movement channel between the two second limiting frames. The thrust measuring device is located on the first limiting frame and is set corresponding to the high temperature pressure vessel.

4. The battery pack thermal runaway testing system as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The thrust testing device also includes a base located at the bottom of the high-temperature pressure vessel. The two second limiting frames are respectively provided with rails on the side near the linear movement channel. The base is provided with a moving part corresponding to the two rails, and the moving part is provided on the rail.

5. The battery pack thermal runaway testing system as described in claim 4, characterized in that, Each of the two second limiting frames has a limiting recess on one side near the linear movement channel. The track is formed on the bottom side wall of the limiting recess, and the base has a limiting rib that cooperates with the top side wall of the limiting recess.

6. The battery pack thermal runaway testing system as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The movable component is configured as a roller, the roller including a drum and a limiting ring disposed at the end of the drum, the drum being disposed on the bottom side wall of the limiting recess, and the limiting ring being in a limiting fit with the recess of the limiting recess.

7. The battery pack thermal runaway testing system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The thrust measuring device is configured as a thrust sensor, and the side of the high-temperature pressure vessel away from the pressure relief structure is used to push against the thrust sensor.

8. The battery pack thermal runaway testing system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The battery pack thermal runaway test system also includes a solid coordinate system, which is set to correspond to the outlet end of the pressure relief channel.

9. The battery pack thermal runaway testing system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The pressure relief structure also includes a pressure relief measurement component disposed in the pressure relief channel, which monitors the gas flow rate data in the pressure relief channel in real time.

10. The battery pack thermal runaway testing system as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The pressure relief measurement component also monitors the temperature and / or pressure and / or flow rate data of the gas in the pressure relief channel in real time. And / or, the high-temperature pressure vessel is equipped with a vessel measurement component to measure the temperature and / or pressure data of the reaction chamber in real time.

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