Composite material

Abstract

The present specification discloses a composite material and a use thereof. The present specification discloses a composite material including a plastic plate and a metal plate bonded to each other while exhibiting excellent bonding force, in which an internal space may be formed at a bonding interface between the plastic plate and the metal plate, and in which excellent airtightness and excellent bonding force are secured. The present specification also discloses a composite material exhibiting excellent binding force and excellent airtightness while having a large area. The invention further discloses application of the composite material.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] This application claims the benefit of priority based on Korean Patent Application No. 10-2023-0098469, filed on July 27, 2023, and Korean Patent Application No. 10-2023-0143283, filed on October 24, 2023, the disclosures of which are incorporated herein in their entireties by reference.

[0002] The present specification discloses a composite material and use thereof. BACKGROUND

[0003] Techniques for firmly attaching different materials, such as metal and plastic, without deformation in appearance are useful in various fields.

[0004] A heat dissipation material, such as a heat sink, is generally made of a metal having high thermal conductivity. However, a metal is generally disadvantageous for weight reduction and has a low degree of freedom in shape. Therefore, in a heat dissipation material, such as a heat sink, if a portion in which heat transfer is mainly required is formed of a metal and other portions are formed of a material such as plastic, a material that satisfies both heat transfer characteristics and lightweight characteristics and has a high degree of freedom in shape in terms of shape can be provided.

[0005] However, it is not easy to firmly and stably attach different materials, such as metal and plastic.

[0006] For example, even when an adhesive material is used, it is not easy to secure high adhesive force between metal and plastic, which are different materials, and durability thereof. This is because an adhesive material that simultaneously exhibits high adhesive force to metal and high adhesive force to plastic is rare.

[0007] In addition, in order to obtain a heat sink, an internal space (cavity) through which a cooling medium can flow must be formed at the bonding interface of different materials. In order to improve heat dissipation characteristics, the area of the internal space must be increased, but as the internal space increases, the bonding area between the metal and the plastic decreases.

[0008] Manufacturing a composite material in which different materials are stably bonded while including an internal space is a difficult problem. In particular, when a composite material having a large area is manufactured, it becomes more difficult to satisfy these conditions.

[0009] In addition, in order to apply a composite material to an assembly such as a heat sink, it is necessary to impart air tightness to the internal space as well as strong bonding between different materials.

[0010] In order to cool and dissipate heat, a cooling medium, such as a coolant or air, is circulated inside a heat sink. Since such a cooling medium is generally a fluid, if air tightness of the internal space cannot be secured, leakage of the cooling medium to the outside can occur. Such air tightness cannot be directly secured simply by securing high bonding force. SUMMARY

[0011] TECHNICAL PROBLEM

[0012] The present specification discloses a composite material and use thereof. The present specification aims to disclose a composite material including a plastic plate and a metal plate combined with each other, while exhibiting excellent bonding force. The present specification aims to disclose a composite material in which an internal space is formed at a bonding interface between the plastic plate and the metal plate, and excellent airtightness and excellent bonding force are ensured in the internal space. The present specification also aims to disclose a content capable of ensuring excellent airtightness and excellent bonding force even when the composite material is manufactured in a large area. The present specification also aims to disclose use of the composite material.

[0013] TECHNICAL SOLUTION

[0014] Among the physical properties mentioned in the present specification, unless otherwise specified, a physical property affected by temperature is a physical property measured at room temperature.

[0015] The term room temperature is a natural temperature not artificially heated or cooled, which means any temperature in the range of about 10℃ to 30℃, for example, a temperature of about 23℃ or about 25℃ or thereabout.

[0016] Unless otherwise specifically stated in the present specification, the unit of temperature is ℃.

[0017] Among the physical properties mentioned in the present specification, unless otherwise specified, a physical property affected by pressure is a physical property measured at normal pressure.

[0018] The term normal pressure is a natural pressure not artificially pressurized or depressurized, in which a pressure in the range of about 700 mmHg to 800 mmHg is generally referred to as normal pressure.

[0019] Among the physical properties mentioned in the present specification, unless otherwise specified, a physical property affected by humidity is a physical property measured at standard state humidity.

[0020] The standard state humidity means any humidity in the range of 40% to 60% in terms of relative humidity, for example, a relative humidity of about 40% or 60% or thereabout.

[0021] The present specification discloses a composite material.

[0022] The term composite material means a material including at least different materials. For example, the composite material can include a plastic plate and a metal plate which are different materials.

[0023] In the composite material, the plastic plate and the metal plate can be bonded to each other. The bonding can be bonding without mediation of other materials such as an adhesive, in which at least a part of a region of the plastic plate and at least a part of a region of the metal plate can be in direct contact with each other.

[0024] For example, the composite material can include: a metal plate having a first surface and a second surface which is an opposite surface of the first surface; and a plastic plate having a third surface and a fourth surface which is an opposite surface of the third surface.

[0025] The first surface of the metal plate is any one of a surface of the metal plate having the largest area and an opposite surface of the surface, and the second surface is a surface opposite to the first surface. The first surface and the second surface can also have the same area. Further, the third surface of the plastic plate is any one of a surface of the plastic plate having the largest area and an opposite surface of the surface, and the fourth surface is a surface opposite to the third surface. The third surface and the fourth surface can also have the same area.

[0026] For example, in the composite material, the first surface of the metal plate and the third surface of the plastic plate can be bonded to each other. In this structure, there can be no other element between the first surface of the metal plate and the third surface of the plastic plate. That is, there can be no element such as an adhesive or a pressure-sensitive adhesive that bonds the two plates to each other between the metal plate and the plastic plate.

[0027] In the present specification, the term "bonding region" is a region in which the metal plate and the plastic plate are attached to each other. A certain level or higher of bonding force can be ensured in the bonding region. In one example, the bonding region can be a region in which at least one or both of the metal plate and the plastic plate are attached to each other while being melted or softened and then being cooled again, such as a region in which the metal plate and the plastic plate are fused.

[0028] In the composite material, an excellent and stable bonding force can be ensured in the bonding region.

[0029] The type of the plastic plate included in the composite material is not particularly limited. For example, as the plastic plate, a plastic plate containing a resin component and a filler component can be used.

[0030] The type of the resin component contained in the plastic plate is not particularly limited. For example, as the resin component, a necessary type can be appropriately selected and used from among resin components known to be shapeable by application of heat or the like.

[0031] For example, a thermoplastic polymer can be used as the resin component. The type of thermoplastic polymer that can be applied can include various crystalline or amorphous polymers, and examples thereof can be exemplified by: polyolefin-based polymers such as PP (polypropylene) or PE (polyethylene); polyalkylene oxide-based polymers such as mPPO (modified PPO (polyethylene oxide)); polyamide-based polymers such as PA (polyamide); acetal-based polymers such as POM (polyoxymethylene); polyester-based polymers such as PC (polycarbonate), PBT (polybutylene terephthalate), or PET (polyethylene terephthalate); acrylic polymers such as PMMA (poly(methyl methacrylate)); and polystyrene-based polymers such as PS (polystyrene) or ABS (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene); and the like, but are not limited thereto. One of the foregoing or a mixture of two or more thereof can be included in the plastic sheet.

[0032] The ratio of the resin component in the plastic sheet is not particularly limited. For example, the lower limit of the ratio of the resin component in the plastic sheet can be around 60% by weight, 65% by weight, 70% by weight, 75% by weight, or 80% by weight, and the upper limit thereof can be around 100% by weight, 95% by weight, 90% by weight, 85% by weight, or 80% by weight, based on the total weight of the plastic sheet. The ratio can be in a range equal to or less than any one of the upper limits listed above while being equal to or greater than any one of the lower limits listed above. When the ratio is close to the value of the composite material exemplified in the examples, a more improved effect can be expected.

[0033] The plastic sheet can include a filler component as an additional component. For example, such a filler component can be included as a reinforcing material.

[0034] Examples of the filler component are not particularly limited. For example, as the filler component, an organic filler or an inorganic filler, or an organic-inorganic filler such as a glass filler, a carbon filler, and / or a silica filler, etc. can be applied.

[0035] The shape of the filler is determined according to the purpose, and is not particularly limited. For example, the filler can be a particulate filler (particulate filler having a spherical, rectangular, irregular, or other shape), a plate-like filler, or a fibrous filler.

[0036] The thickness of the plastic plate is not particularly limited. The thickness of the plastic plate can be adjusted to an appropriate level in consideration of physical properties such as desired strength or bonding force, and the like. For example, the lower limit of the thickness of the plastic plate can be around 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1.0, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7, 1.8, 1.9, or 2.0, and the upper limit thereof can be around 20.0, 19.0, 18.0, 17.0, 16.0, 15.0, 14.0, 13.0, 12.0, 11.0, 10.0, 9.0, 8.0, 7.0, 6.0, 5.0, 4.0, 3.0, or 2.0. The unit of the thickness is mm. The thickness can be in a range of less than or equal to, or less than, any one of the above-listed upper limits while being greater than or equal to, or greater than, any one of the above-listed lower limits. When the thickness range is close to the value of the composite material exemplified in the examples, a more improved effect can thus be expected.

[0037] The type of the metal plate included in the composite material is not particularly limited. The metal plate can be selected depending on the application of the composite material. For example, when the composite material is applied as a heat dissipation material, a metal or a metal alloy having a certain level or higher of thermal conductivity can be used.

[0038] For example, the lower limit of the thermal conductivity of the metal or the metal alloy can be around 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, 100, 120, 140, 160, 180, or 200, and the upper limit thereof can be around 1000, 900, 800, 700, 600, 500, 400, 300, 200, 190, 180, 170, or 160. The unit of the thermal conductivity is W / mK. When applied as a heat dissipation material, the thermal conductivity can be in a range of greater than or equal to, or greater than, any one of the above-listed lower limits; or in a range of less than, or equal to or less than, any one of the above-listed upper limits while being greater than or equal to, or greater than, any one of the above-listed lower limits. When the thermal conductivity range is close to the value of the composite material exemplified in the examples, a more improved effect can be expected.

[0039] Examples of such materials include: metals such as aluminum, SUS (stainless steel), tungsten, iron, cast iron, and / or copper; or metal alloys containing metals, but are not limited thereto.

[0040] The metal plate can have a unique melting temperature (Tm) depending on the type of metal. For example, the lower limit of the melting temperature of the metal plate can be around 300°C, 350°C, 400°C, 450°C, 500°C, 550°C, 600°C, 650°C, 700°C, 750°C, 800°C, 850°C, 900°C, 950°C, 1000°C, 1050°C, 1100°C, 1150°C, 1200°C, 1250°C, 1300°C, 1350°C, or 1400°C, and the upper limit thereof can be around 3000°C, 2500°C, 2000°C, 1900°C, 1800°C, 1700°C, 1600°C, 1500°C, 1400°C, 1300°C, 1200°C, 1100°C, 1000°C, 900°C, 850°C, 800°C, 750°C, or 700°C. The melting temperature of the metal plate can be in a range of greater than or equal to, or greater than, any one of the lower limits listed above; or in a range of less than, or equal to or less than, any one of the upper limits listed above; or in a range of less than, or equal to or less than, any one of the upper limits listed above while being greater than or equal to, or greater than, any one of the lower limits listed above. When the melting temperature range is close to the value of the composite material exemplified in the examples, a more improved effect can be expected.

[0041] The thickness of the metal plate is not particularly limited. The thickness of the metal plate can be adjusted to an appropriate level in consideration of the desired bonding force, thermal conductivity, and air tightness, and the like. For example, the lower limit of the thickness of the metal plate can be around 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1.0, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7, 1.8, 1.9, 2.0, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 2.5, 2.6, 2.7, 2.8, 2.9, or 3.0, and the upper limit thereof can be around 20.0, 19.5, 19.0, 18.5, 18.0, 17.5, 17.0, 16.5, 16.0, 15.5, 15.0, 14.5, 14.0, 13.5, 13.0, 12.5, 12.0, 11.5, 11.0, 10.5, 10.0, 9.5, 9.0, 8.5, 8.0, 7.5, 7.0, 6.5, 6.0, 5.5, 5.0, 4.5, 4.0, 3.5, or 3.0. The unit of thickness is mm. The thickness can be in a range of less than or equal to, or less than, any one of the upper limits listed above while being greater than or equal to, or greater than, any one of the lower limits listed above. When the thickness range is close to the value of the composite material exemplified in the examples, a more improved effect can be expected.

[0042] In the composite material, the plastic plate and / or the metal plate can have a concave-convex shape. In this case, an internal space can be formed by the concave-convex shape at the joining interface between the plastic plate and the metal plate.

[0043] The concave-convex shape can be formed while having a convex shape and a concave shape. Figure 1 An example in which, among the plastic plate 100 and the metal plate 200, the plastic plate 100 is formed into a concave-convex shape having a convex shape 1001 and a concave shape 1002, so that an internal space C is formed at the joining interface. In the concave-convex shape, the convex shape and the concave shape have a concept of being opposite to each other, and in the present specification, the shape of a surface that comes into contact with another material is referred to as a concave shape. Figure 1 Such a shape can be formed by attaching the plastic plate 100 and the metal plate 200 having the concave-convex shape to each other, as shown in Figure 2 .

[0044] In Figure 1 and Figure 2 the example, the plastic plate 100 has a concave-convex shape, but the metal plate 200 can also have a concave-convex shape, and in some cases, both the plastic plate 100 and the metal plate 200 can have a concave-convex shape.

[0045] The internal space of the composite material can exhibit excellent airtightness.

[0046] For example, when a fluid such as a coolant or air is injected into the sealed internal space, the airtightness is a characteristic of withstanding the pressure of the fluid and preventing the relevant fluid from leaking to the outside. This airtightness cannot be simply ensured by achieving a high bonding force.

[0047] The airtightness of such an internal space can be represented by a maximum allowable internal pressure. The maximum allowable internal pressure is an internal pressure achieved by injecting air into the internal space of the composite material (the internal space in a sealed state) which means an internal pressure that can be kept substantially constant (in bar) for a certain period of time (about 60 seconds) from the point in time when the injection of the fluid injected to achieve the internal pressure is stopped. At this time, the fluid injected can be, for example, air. The case where the internal pressure is kept substantially constant can be a case representing the amount of pressure drop of 60 seconds to be described below.

[0048] The method of evaluating such a maximum allowable internal pressure is described in the item of "Test Example 4" of the present specification. For example, the lower limit of the maximum allowable internal pressure can be around 1.5, 1.6, 1.7, 1.8, 1.9, 2.0, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, or 2.5, and the upper limit thereof can be around 5, 4.5, 4, 3.5, 3, 2.9, 2.8, 2.7, 2.6, or 2.5. The unit of the maximum allowable internal pressure is bar. The maximum allowable internal pressure can be in the range of greater than or equal to, or greater than, any one of the above-listed lower limits; or in the range of less than, or equal to or less than, any one of the above-listed upper limits while being greater than or equal to, or greater than, any one of the above-listed lower limits. When this maximum allowable internal pressure is close to the value of the composite material exemplified in the examples, a more improved effect can be expected.

[0049] The internal space can also have air tightness that exhibits a certain level of pressure drop rate. The pressure drop rate is the rate of pressure drop measured in Pa / sec from the time point when the fluid injection is stopped after air is injected into the internal space of the composite material (internal space in a sealed state) so that the maximum allowable internal pressure or higher pressure is achieved. The method of evaluating the pressure drop rate is described in the item of "Test Example 4" of the present specification. The upper limit of the pressure drop rate can be around 20, 18, 16, 14, 12, 10, 8, or 6, and the lower limit thereof can be around 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6. The pressure drop rate can be in the range of less than, or equal to or less than, any one of the above-listed upper limits; or in the range of less than, or equal to or less than, any one of the above-listed upper limits while being greater than or equal to, or greater than, any one of the above-listed lower limits. When this range is close to the value of the composite material exemplified in the examples, a more improved effect can be expected.

[0050] The internal space of the composite material can have an air tightness that represents a certain level of 60-second pressure drop amount. The 60-second pressure drop amount means a value (P1-P2) obtained by subtracting a pressure (P2) at a time point after 60 seconds elapse from a target pressure (P1) by injecting air into the internal space so that the target pressure (P1) is achieved, and then stopping the injection of air. The target pressure can be the maximum allowable internal pressure or a higher pressure. A method of evaluating the 60-second pressure drop amount is described in "Test Example 4" of the present specification. The lower limit of the 60-second pressure drop amount can be around 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, or 4, and the upper limit thereof can be around 20, 18, 16, 14, 12, 10, 8, 6, 5.5, 5, 4.5, 4, or 3.5. The unit of the 60-second pressure drop amount is millibar. The 60-second pressure drop amount can be in a range greater than or equal to, or greater than, any one of the lower limits listed above; or in a range less than, or equal to or less than, any one of the upper limits listed above; or in a range less than, or equal to or less than, any one of the upper limits listed above while being greater than or equal to, or greater than, any one of the lower limits listed above. When the range is close to the value of the composite material exemplified in the examples, a more improved effect can be expected.

[0051] The internal space can also exhibit a pressure reduction level of an appropriate level. Such a pressure reduction level can be determined according to the following Equation I.

[0052] [Equation I]

[0053] LP = 100 x (P 最大 -P 60 ) / P 最大

[0054] In Equation I, LP is the pressure reduction level, P 最大 is the maximum allowable internal pressure, and P 60 is the 60-second pressure drop amount.

[0055] When P 60 for determining LP of Equation I is measured, the target pressure is set to the maximum allowable internal pressure. A specific method for determining Equation I is described in "Test Example 4" of the present specification.

[0056] The upper limit of the pressure reduction level LP can be around 0.5, 0.4, 0.3, 0.200, 0.197, 0.194, 0.191, 0.188, 0.185, 0.182, 0.179, 0.176, 0.173, 0.170, 0.167, 0.164, 0.161, 0.158, 0.155, 0.152, 0.149, 0.146, 0.143, or 0.140, and the lower limit thereof can be around 0, 0.01, 0.05, 0.1, or 0.15. The unit of the above LP is %. The pressure reduction level LP can be in a range of greater than or equal to, or greater than, any one of the lower limits listed above; or in a range of less than, or equal to or less than, any one of the upper limits listed above; or in a range of less than, or equal to or less than, any one of the upper limits listed above and greater than or equal to, or greater than, any one of the lower limits listed above. When the range is close to the value of the composite material exemplified in the examples, a more improved effect can be expected.

[0057] In the composite material, the plastic plate and the metal plate combined with each other can exhibit a certain level or higher of the combined force.

[0058] For example, the upper limit of the bonding force between the plastic plate and the metal plate in the composite material can be around 200, 150, 100, 99, 98, 97, 96, 95, 94, 93, 92, 91, 90, 89, 88, 87, 86, 85, 84, 83, 82, 81, 80, 79, 78, 77, 76, 75, 74, 73, 72, 71, 70, 69, 68, 67, 66, 65, 64, 63, 62, 61, 60, 59, 58, 57, 56, 55, 54, 53, 52, 51, 50, 49, 48, 47, 46, 45, 44, 43, 42, 41, or 40, and the lower limit thereof can be around 20.0, 21.0, 22.0, 23.0, 24.0, 25.0, 30.0, 31.0, 32.0, 33.0, 33.1, 33.2, 33.3, 33.4, 33.5, 33.6, 33.7, 33.8, 33.9, 34.0, 34.1, 34.2, 34.3, 34.4, 34.5, 34.6, 34.7, 34.8, 34.9, 35.0, 35.1, 35.2, 35.3, 35.4, 35.5, 35.6, 35.7, 35.8, 35.9, 36.0, 36.1, 36.2, 36.3, 36.4, 36.5, 36.6, 36.7, 36.8, 36.9, 37.0, 37.1, 37.2, 37.3, 37.4, 37.5, 37.6, 37.7, 37.8, 37.9, 38.0, 38.1, 38.2, 38.3, 38.4, 38.5, 38.6, 38.7, 38.8, 38.9, 39.0, 39.1, 39.2, 39.3, 39.4, 39.5, 39.6, or 39.7. The bonding force can be measured in the manner described in “Test Example 5” of the present specification, and the unit thereof is MPa. The bonding force can be in the range of greater than or equal to, or greater than, any one of the lower limits listed above; or in the range of less than, or equal to or less than, any one of the upper limits listed above while being greater than or equal to, or greater than, any one of the lower limits listed above. When the range is close to the value of the composite material exemplified in the examples, a more improved effect can be expected.

[0059] In the composite material, the bonding force between the plastic plate and the metal plate can also be represented by a shade ratio to be described below.

[0060] For example, the bonding region of the composite material can exhibit a certain level of shade ratio. The shade ratio can be obtained by the following Equation 1.

[0061] [Equation 1]

[0062] G R = 1-(Ga / G u )

[0063] In Equation 1, G R is a shading ratio, G a is an average value of the gray scale of the effective joint surface area of the bonding region between the plastic plate and the metal plate, and G u is an average value of the gray scale of the effective joint surface area of the reference sample.

[0064] The average value G a of the gray scale can be obtained by irradiating the bonding region with light, reflecting the irradiated light by the metal plate in the bonding region, and then receiving the reflected light. In a gray scale chart obtained by performing secondary differentiation on the gray scale chart obtained from the received light, an area between a point having the highest gray scale and a point having the second highest gray scale or an area between two points having the highest gray scale can be designated as the effective joint surface area, and then an average value of the gray scale of the effective joint surface area can be designated as G a .

[0065] Before receiving the reflected light, the reflected light can be transmitted to a polarizing plate, and then the reflected light can be received. In this way, irregularities that are independent of the bonding force exist in the bonding region, and errors in the gray scale chart can be prevented by the irregularities.

[0066] Here, the reference sample means a sample in which the same plastic plate and metal plate as the composite material are laminated while being in contact with each other without a bonding region.

[0067] The shading ratio G R of Equation 1 (which takes into account the average value G u of the gray scale obtained for the reference sample and the average value G a of the gray scale obtained for the bonding region) can represent the bonding force of the bonding region.

[0068] More specific methods of obtaining the above G R , G a , and G u are summarized in “Test Example 6” of the present specification.

[0069] It has been determined that the shading ratio G R of the bonding region in the composite material and the bonding force are substantially proportional.

[0070] The shading ratio G RThe lower limit of the light shielding ratio G can be about 0.130, 0.135, 0.140, 0.145, 0.150, 0.155, 0.160, 0.165, 0.170, 0.175, 0.180, 0.185, 0.190, 0.195, 0.200, 0.205, or 0.210, and the upper limit thereof can be about 1.0, 0.99, 0.98, 0.97, 0.96, 0.95, 0.94, 0.93, 0.92, 0.91, 0.90, 0.89, 0.88, 0.87, 0.86, 0.85, 0.84, 0.83, 0.82, 0.81, 0.80, 0.89, 0.88, 0.87, 0.86, 0.85, 0.84, 0.83, 0.82, or 0.81.G R It can be in a range greater than or equal to, or greater than, any of the lower limits listed above; or in a range less than, or equal to, any of the upper limits listed above while being greater than or equal to, or greater than, any of the lower limits listed above. When the range is close to the value of the composite material exemplified in the examples, a more improved effect can be expected.

[0071] In order to secure the bonding force of the plastic plate to the metal plate or the light shielding ratio G R and excellent airtightness, several conditions must be satisfied.

[0072] First, in the composite material, the plastic plate must be formed so that there are no or few holes inside, and it exhibits uniform physical properties as a whole.

[0073] Further, the surface of the metal plate in contact with the plastic plate must be properly treated.

[0074] Further, in bonding the plastic plate and the metal plate, the process conditions must be controlled in accordance with the characteristics of the plastic plate and the metal plate.

[0075] Hereinafter, the contents thereof will be explained.

[0076] As described above, in order to form the internal space, the plastic plate can be formed to have a concave-convex shape. The method of forming the concave-convex shape in the plastic plate is not particularly limited. For example, the concave-convex shape can be formed by applying a known plastic forming method such as injection molding, vacuum molding, or press molding. However, in the process of forming the concave-convex shape in the plastic plate, uneven pressure can be applied to the plastic plate in a high temperature state, in which case a hole or a bubble can be formed in the interior of the plastic plate, and the likelihood of the occurrence of the bubble or hole can increase more if the plastic plate contains a filler component. However, in order to ensure airtightness and bonding force, it is necessary to prevent the formation of bubbles and holes in the interior of the plastic plate, and thus the conditions for forming the concave-convex shape must be considered. Furthermore, in order to ensure airtightness and bonding force, the plastic plate itself must have a high strength uniformly, and also have a small strength deviation between the convex portions and the concave portions of the concave-convex shape at the same time.

[0077] In order to manufacture such a plastic plate, it is necessary to apply pressure to both the upper portion and the lower portion of the plastic plate in the process of forming the concave-convex shape. For this purpose, for example, the concave-convex shape can be formed by a forming method combining vacuum molding and press molding.

[0078] For example, the concave-convex shape can be formed while pressure is applied to the upper portion and the lower portion of the plastic plate in a state in which the plastic plate is heated to a certain temperature.

[0079] In this case, the relationship between the heating temperature of the plastic plate (or the resin component contained therein) and the glass transition temperature can be adjusted. For example, when the heating temperature is T and the glass transition temperature is Tg, the upper limit of the absolute value of the temperature deviation calculated by the formula 100 x (T-Tg) / Tg can be about 60%, 55%, 50%, 45%, 40%, or 35%, and the lower limit thereof can be about 1%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, or 30%. The absolute value of the temperature deviation can be in a range of less than, or equal to or less than, any one of the above-listed upper limits; or in a range of less than, or equal to or less than, any one of the above-listed upper limits while being greater than or equal to, or greater than, any one of the above-listed lower limits. The deviation can be a positive number or a negative number. By applying pressure to the heated plastic plate in such a range to form the concave-convex shape, a plastic plate in which holes are minimized in the interior and uniform strength is ensured can be provided. When the range approaches the values applied in the examples, such effects can be further improved.

[0080] Meanwhile, when pressure is applied thereto at the temperature to form irregularities, the pressure can be applied to both the upper portion and the lower portion of the plastic plate. In this case, when the magnitude of the pressure applied from the upper portion of the plastic plate is P U and the magnitude of the pressure applied from the lower portion is P LAt that time, through formula 100×(P) U -P L ) / P L The upper limit of the calculated absolute value of the pressure deviation can be approximately 60%, 55%, 50%, 45%, 40%, 35%, 30%, 28%, 26%, 24%, 22%, or 21%, and its lower limit can be approximately 1%, 5%, 10%, 15%, or 20%. The absolute value of the pressure deviation can be less than, equal to, or less than any of the upper limits listed above; or it can be less than, equal to, or less than any of the upper limits listed above while being greater than, equal to, or greater than any of the lower limits listed above. The deviation can be positive or negative. By applying pressure to a heated plastic sheet within such a range to form an uneven shape, a plastic sheet in which internal pores are minimized and uniform strength is ensured can be provided. This effect can be further improved when the range is close to the values ​​used in the embodiments.

[0081] The forming method is illustrated in the embodiments of this specification. However, the methods suitable for achieving concave and convex shapes are not limited to this method.

[0082] The glass transition temperature (Tg) of the plastic sheet or the resin component contained therein is selected based on the type of plastic sheet used, and there are no particular limitations on it. In one example, the lower limit of the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the plastic sheet or the resin component contained therein can be approximately 50°C, 55°C, 60°C, 65°C, 70°C, 75°C, 80°C, 85°C, 90°C, 95°C, 100°C, 105°C, 110°C, 115°C, 120°C, 125°C, 130°C, 135°C, 140°C, or 145°C, and its upper limit can be... The glass transition temperature (Tg) is estimated to be around 400℃, 390℃, 380℃, 370℃, 360℃, 350℃, 340℃, 330℃, 320℃, 310℃, 300℃, 290℃, 280℃, 270℃, 260℃, 250℃, 240℃, 230℃, 220℃, 210℃, 200℃, 190℃, 180℃, 170℃, 160℃, or 150℃. The glass transition temperature (Tg) can be greater than or equal to, or greater than, any of the lower limits listed above; or less than, or equal to, or less than, any of the upper limits listed above; or less than, or equal to, or less than any of the upper limits listed above while simultaneously greater than or equal to, or greater than any of the lower limits listed above.

[0083] The plastic sheet thus formed can exhibit uniform physical properties overall while having the concave-convex structure. For example, even when the concave-convex shape is formed in the plastic sheet, the physical properties of the convex portions and the concave portions in the concave-convex shape can be substantially the same. In addition, the plastic sheet can exhibit uniform strength while having the concave-convex structure.

[0084] For example, in the plastic sheet, the deviation between the tensile fracture strength of the concave portions and the tensile fracture strength of the convex portions can be adjusted within a predetermined range. When the tensile fracture strength of the concave portions is S M and the tensile fracture strength of the convex portions is S P , the deviation between the tensile fracture strength of the concave portions and the tensile fracture strength of the convex portions is the absolute value of the value calculated as 100 x (S P -S M ) / S M , in %.

[0085] The upper limit of the deviation between the tensile fracture strength of the convex portions and the tensile fracture strength of the concave portions can be about 10%, 9%, 8%, 7%, 6%, 5%, or 4%, and the lower limit thereof can be about 0%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 3%, or 3.5%. The deviation between the tensile fracture strength of the convex portions and the tensile fracture strength of the concave portions can be within a range of less than, or equal to or less than, any one of the above-listed upper limits; or within a range of less than, or equal to or less than, any one of the above-listed upper limits and greater than or equal to, or greater than, any one of the above-listed lower limits. When the range is close to the value applied in the examples, a more improved effect can occur.

[0086] For example, the lower limit of the tensile fracture strength of the concave portions or the convex portions of the plastic sheet or the average value (arithmetic mean value) of the tensile fracture strength of the concave portions and the tensile fracture strength of the convex portions can be about 50, 52, 54, 56, 58, 60, 62, 64, 66, 68, 70, 72, 74, 76, 78, 80, 82, or 84, and the upper limit thereof can be about 1000, 950, 900, 850, 800, 750, 700, 650, 600, 550, 500, 450, 400, 350, 300, 250, 200, 150, 100, or 90. The method of measuring the tensile fracture strength or the average value is described in “Test Example 2” of the present specification, and the unit thereof is MPa. The tensile fracture strength or the average value can be within a range of greater than or equal to, or greater than, any one of the above-listed lower limits; or within a range of less than, or equal to or less than, any one of the above-listed upper limits and greater than or equal to, or greater than, any one of the above-listed lower limits. When the range is close to the value applied in the examples, a more improved effect can occur.

[0087] The plastic plate can exhibit a strength that is uniform overall. When the plate-shaped plastic plate has edges formed in any first direction, the standard deviation of the tensile fracture strength of each of an upper end portion, a middle portion, and a lower end portion obtained by tripartite division of the molded body in a direction perpendicular to the edge of the first direction can be controlled to a certain level or less. The first direction is a direction parallel to any edge of the plastic plate determined when the plate-shaped plastic plate is viewed along a thickness direction of the plastic plate. For example, with reference to Figure 3 If the plastic plate is in the form of a rectangle as in Figure 3 , the direction of the horizontal edge 100 or the vertical edge 200 of the relevant rectangle can be the first direction. In Figure 3 , the result of defining the upper end portion U, the middle portion M, and the lower end portion L by tripartite division and definition of the molded body in a direction perpendicular to the edge of the first direction with the vertical edge 200 set as the first direction is indicated by the broken line. In some cases, when the edge of the plastic plate is not a straight line, the direction of an imaginary straight line connecting two end points (2001, 2002 in the case of Figure 3 ) of the relevant edge can be set as the first direction.

[0088] The tripartite division of the plastic plate along the first direction can mean that the plastic plate is divided such that the upper end portion U, the middle portion M, and the lower end portion L have equal areas.

[0089] When the tensile fracture strengths of the upper end portion, the middle portion, and the lower end portion are S U , S M , and S L , respectively, and the arithmetic mean thereof is A, the standard deviation is a value calculated in accordance with {[(S U -A) 2 +(S M -A) 2 +(S L -A) 2 ] / 3} 0.5 .

[0090] For example, the lower limit of the arithmetic mean of the tensile fracture strength of the upper end portion, the middle portion, and the lower end portion of the plastic plate can be around 50, 52, 54, 56, 58, 60, 62, 64, 66, 68, 70, 72, 74, 76, 78, 80, 82, 84, 85, or 86, and the upper limit thereof can be around 1000, 950, 900, 850, 800, 750, 700, 650, 600, 550, 500, 450, 400, 350, 300, 250, 200, 150, 100, or 90. The method of measuring the tensile fracture strength or the mean is described in "Test Example 3" of the present specification, and the unit thereof is MPa. The tensile fracture strength can be in a range of greater than or equal to, or greater than, any one of the lower limits listed above; or in a range of less than, or equal to or less than, any one of the upper limits listed above while being greater than or equal to, or greater than, any one of the lower limits listed above. When the range is close to the value applied in the examples, a more improved effect can occur.

[0091] The upper limit of the standard deviation of the tensile fracture strength of the upper end portion, the middle portion, and the lower end portion of the plastic plate can be around 60, 55, 50, 45, 40, 35, 30, 25, 20, 15, 10, 5, 4.5, or 4, and the lower limit thereof can be around 0, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, or 3.5. The standard deviation can be in a range of less than, or equal to or less than, any one of the upper limits listed above; or in a range of less than, or equal to or less than, any one of the upper limits listed above while being greater than or equal to, or greater than, any one of the lower limits listed above. When the range is close to the value applied in the examples, a more improved effect can occur.

[0092] By applying such a plastic plate, a composite material having a desired bonding force and air tightness can be provided.

[0093] In order to further ensure the bonding force and the air tightness, the metal plate can be subjected to an appropriate treatment.

[0094] For example, at least a surface of the metal plate that contacts the plastic plate and forms a bonding region can be subjected to a surface treatment. A Per pattern can be formed on the surface of the metal plate subjected to the surface treatment.

[0095] The term Per means a shape having a groove and a burr. Here, the term "groove" means a region that is recessed downward based on the average surface of the metal plate in a cross section of the metal plate, and the term "burr" means a region that protrudes upward based on the average surface of the metal plate in the cross section of the metal plate.

[0096] Such a Per pattern can be a pattern formed by the groove on the surface of the metal plate, and such a groove can exhibit a linear shape when the metal plate is observed from the surface. As described above, the Per pattern can be formed by the groove on the surface of the metal plate, and such a groove can exhibit a linear shape when the metal plate is observed from the surface.Figure 4 As exemplarily shown in the middle, the Per can include a groove and a burr when observed in cross section. The metal plate surface serving as a reference to distinguish the groove and the burr can be the metal plate surface before the Per is formed. The cross section of the metal plate in which the groove and the burr are observed is a cross section of the metal plate formed in a direction substantially perpendicular to the linear shape of the Per identified when the metal plate is observed toward the surface on which the Per pattern is formed. In the case where the line of the Per is not a straight line, the cross section is a cross section of the metal plate formed in the width direction of the groove identified when the metal plate is observed toward the surface on which the Per pattern is formed.

[0097] The Per pattern can be formed at least on the surface of the metal plate which contacts the plastic plate.

[0098] For example, the lower limit of the ratio of the area of the metal plate on which the Per pattern is formed, based on the entire area of the metal plate, can be about 14%, 15%, 15.5%, 15.9%, 16%, 16.05%, 16.1%, 16.15%, 16.2%, 16.25%, 16.3%, 16.35%, 16.4%, 16.45%, 16.5%, 16.55%, 16.6%, 16.65%, 16.7%, 16.75%, 16.8%, 16.85%, 16.9%, 16.95%, 17%, 17.05%, 17.1%, 17.15%, 17.2%, 17.25%, 17.3%, 17.35%, 17.4%, 17.45%, 17.5%, 17.55%, 17.6%, 17.65%, 17.7%, 17.75%, 17.8%, 17.85%, 17.9%, 17.95%, 18%, 18.05%, 18.1%, 18.15%, 18.2%, 18.25%, 18.3%, 18.35%, 18.4%, 18.45%, 18.5%, 18.55%, 18.6%, 18.65%, 18.7%, 18.75%, 18.8%, 18.85%, 18.9%, 18.95%, 19%, 19.05%, 19.1%, 19.15%, 19.2%, 19.25%, 19.3%, or 19.35%, and the upper limit thereof can be about 40%, 35%, 30%, 29.5%, 29%, 28.5%, 28%, 27.5%, 27%, 26.5%, 26%, 25.5%, 25%, 24.5%, 24%, 23.5%, 23%, 22.5%, 22%, 21.5%, 21%, 20.5%, or 20%. The ratio can be in a range greater than or equal to, or greater than, any of the lower limits listed above; or in a range less than, or equal to or less than, any of the upper limits listed above; or in a range less than, or equal to or less than, any of the upper limits listed above and greater than or equal to, or greater than, any of the lower limits listed above. When the range is close to the value applied in the examples, a more improved effect can occur.

[0099] The lower limit of the ratio of the area of the metal plate on which the Per pattern is formed with respect to the area of the surface of the metal plate that contacts the plastic plate among the surfaces of the metal plate can be about 70%, 72%, 74%, 76%, 78%, 80%, 82%, 84%, 86%, 88%, 90%, 92%, 94%, 96%, 98%, or 100%, and the upper limit thereof can be about 100%, 99%, 98%, 97%, 96%, 95%, 94%, 93%, 92%, 91%, or 90%. The ratio can be in a range greater than, or equal to or greater than, any one of the lower limits listed above; or in a range less than, or equal to or less than, any one of the upper limits listed above while being greater than or equal to, or greater than, any one of the lower limits listed above. When the range is close to the values applied in the embodiments, a more improved effect can occur.

[0100] Figure 4 An exemplary view of the cross section of the Per formed on the surface of the metal plate. The depth of the groove, the width of the groove, and the height of the burr in the Per can be adjusted in consideration of the desired bonding force or air tightness.

[0101] For example, the lower limit of the sum of the burr height and the groove depth can be about 110, 115, 120, 125, 130, 135, 140, 145, 150, 155, 160, 165, or 170, and the upper limit thereof can be about 180, 175, 170, 165, 160, 155, 150, 145, or 140. The unit of the sum of the burr height and the groove depth is μm. The sum of the burr height and the groove depth can be in a range less than or equal to, or less than, any one of the upper limits listed above while being greater than or equal to, or greater than, any one of the lower limits listed above. In such a range, the desired bonding force and air tightness can be more effectively ensured. When the range is close to the values applied in the embodiments, a more improved effect can occur. The height of the burr is the shortest distance between the surface of the metal plate and the most protruding part of the burr, and the depth of the groove is the shortest distance between the surface of the metal plate and the deepest part of the groove. At this time, the surface of the metal plate serving as a reference for the height and the depth can be the surface of the metal plate before the groove is formed.

[0102] For example, the lower limit of the groove depth can be around 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 95, 100, 105, 110, 115, 120, 125, 130, 135, 140, 145, or 150, and the upper limit thereof can be around 175, 170, 165, 160, 155, 150, 145, or 140. The unit of the groove depth is pm. The groove depth can be in a range of greater than or equal to, or greater than, any one of the lower limits listed above; or in a range of less than, or equal to or less than, any one of the upper limits listed above while being greater than or equal to, or greater than, any one of the lower limits listed above. In such a range, the desired bonding force and air tightness can be more effectively ensured. When the range is close to the value applied in the embodiment, a more improved effect can occur.

[0103] For example, the lower limit of the groove width can be around 50, 70, 90, 110, 130, 150, 160, or 170, and the upper limit thereof can be around 1,000, 900, 800, 700, 600, 500, 400, 300, 200, 190, 180, 170, or 160. The unit of the groove width is pm. The groove width can be in a range of less than, or equal to or less than, any one of the upper limits listed above while being greater than or equal to, or greater than, any one of the lower limits listed above. In such a range, the desired bonding force and air tightness can be more effectively ensured. When the range is close to the value applied in the embodiment, a more improved effect can occur. The width of the groove is the width at the midpoint of the groove depth.

[0104] For example, the lower limit of the burr height can be around 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, or 55, and the upper limit thereof can be around 180, 170, 160, 150, 140, 130, 120, 110, 100, 90, 80, 70, 60, 50, 40, or 30. The unit of the burr height is pm. The burr height can be in a range of greater than or equal to, or greater than, any one of the lower limits listed above; or in a range of less than, or equal to or less than, any one of the upper limits listed above while being greater than or equal to, or greater than, any one of the lower limits listed above. In such a range, the desired bonding force and air tightness can be more effectively ensured. When the range is close to the value applied in the embodiment, a more improved effect can occur.

[0105] For example, the lower limit of the ratio (W / D) of the groove width (W) to the groove depth (D) can be around 0.06, 0.07, 0.08, 0.09, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1.0, 1.1, 1.2, or 1.3, and the upper limit thereof can be around 2.5, 2.0, 1.9, 1.8, 1.7, 1.6, 1.5, 1.4, 1.3, 1.2, or 1.1. The ratio can be in a range that is less than, or equal to or less than, any one of the upper limits listed above while being greater than or equal to, or greater than, any one of the lower limits listed above. In such a range, the desired joining strength and air tightness can be more effectively ensured. When the range is close to the values applied in the examples, a more improved effect can occur.

[0106] For example, the lower limit of the ratio (D / H) of the depth (D) of the groove to the height (H) of the burr can be around 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 3.5, 3.6, 3.7, 3.8, 3.9, 4.0, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, or 4.5, and the upper limit thereof can be around 6.0, 5.5, 5.4, 5.3, 5.2, 5.1, 5.0, 4.9, 4.8, 4.7, 4.6, 4.5, 4.4, 4.3, 4.2, 4.1, 4.0, 3.9, 3.8, or 3.7. The ratio can be in a range that is less than, or equal to or less than, any one of the upper limits listed above while being greater than or equal to, or greater than, any one of the lower limits listed above. In such a range, the desired joining strength and air tightness can be more effectively ensured. When the range is close to the values applied in the examples, a more improved effect can occur.

[0107] The method of forming the Per pattern on the metal plate is not particularly limited. For example, the pattern can be formed by scanning the surface of the metal plate with a laser of appropriate output or by physical scratching.

[0108] For example, the method of forming the Per pattern can be a laser processing method. The laser scanning speed at the time of laser processing is not particularly limited, but for example, the lower limit of the scanning speed can be around 710, 720, 730, 740, 750, 760, 770, 780, 790, 800, 810, 820, 830, 840, 850, 860, 870, 880, 890, or 900, and the upper limit thereof can be around 1000, 990, 980, 970, 960, 950, 940, 930, 920, 910, or 900. The unit of the scanning speed is mm / sec. The speed can be in a range of less than, or equal to or less than any one of the upper limits listed above while being greater than or equal to, or greater than any one of the lower limits listed above. When the scanning speed has a lower value in the range, the amount of energy applied for surface treatment can be increased, and conversely, when the scanning speed has a high value, the amount of energy applied can be reduced. Thus, the scanning speed can be appropriately adjusted in consideration of the desired Per pattern. However, the method of forming the pattern is not limited thereto.

[0109] The shape of the metal plate is not limited. For example, the metal plate can be plate-shaped. As described above, the metal plate can also have a concave-convex shape, if necessary. The method of imparting a concave-convex shape to the metal plate is not particularly limited, and for example, the concave-convex shape can be formed by appropriately bending or shaping the metal plate using a known metal forming method. However, in the process of forming a concave-convex shape in the metal plate, it can be difficult to ensure airtightness due to a bent portion or the like, so that it can not be possible to form a concave-convex shape in the metal plate.

[0110] The internal space formed in the composite material can form, for example, a flow channel through which a cooling medium such as a coolant or air flows.

[0111] The internal space can be formed, for example, by forming a concave-convex shape on the plastic plate and / or the metal plate and bonding the plastic plate and the metal plate.

[0112] The composite material in which the bonding force and the airtightness are ensured can be obtained by using the plastic plate and the metal plate as described above, and can be obtained by bonding the plastic plate and the metal plate by applying the method to be described below.

[0113] For example, the method for manufacturing the composite material can include a step of manufacturing a laminate by laminating the plastic plate and the metal plate. In this process, a Per pattern can be formed on at least a surface of the metal plate that contacts the plastic plate among the surfaces of the metal plate facing the plastic plate.

[0114] In order to manufacture the composite material, a process of heating and / or pressurizing the laminate of the metal plate and the plastic plate can be performed. In order to ensure the desired airtightness and bonding force, the conditions of the heating and / or pressurizing process can be adjusted.

[0115] For example, heating can be performed to satisfy the following condition 1.

[0116] [Condition 1]

[0117] A x Tg ≤ T P < Tg < T I < Tm

[0118] In condition 1, T P may be a temperature of the plastic plate in the laminate measured at the time of heating, Tg may be a glass transition temperature of the plastic plate or a resin component contained in the plastic plate, and T I may be an interface temperature of the metal plate and the plastic plate of the laminate measured at the time of heating, and Tm may be a melting temperature of the metal plate.

[0119] In condition 1, A is any number, which can be, for example, a number of about 0.35, 0.4, 0.45, 0.5, 0.55, or 0.6.

[0120] As explained in condition 1, the temperature T P of the plastic plate in the laminate measured at the time of heating is controlled to be equal to or greater than A x Tg and less than Tg.

[0121] The temperature T P of condition 1 is adjusted according to the glass transition temperature Tg of the plastic plate or the resin component applied. For example, the lower limit of the temperature T P may be about 50°C, 52.5°C, 55°C, 57.5°C, 60°C, 62.5°C, 65°C, 67.5°C, 70°C, 72.5°C, 75°C, 77.5°C, 80°C, 82.5°C, 85°C, 87.5°C, or 90°C, and the upper limit thereof can be about 200°C, 195°C, 190°C, 185°C, 180°C, 175°C, 170°C, 165°C, 160°C, 155°C, 150°C, 145°C, 130°C, 135°C, 130°C, 120°C, 125°C, 110°C, 105°C, 100°C, 95°C, or 90°C. The temperature T P may be in a range greater than or equal to, or greater than, any of the lower limits listed above; or in a range less than, or equal to or less than, any of the upper limits listed above; or in a range less than, or equal to or less than, any of the upper limits listed above and greater than or equal to, or greater than, any of the lower limits listed above. When the range is close to the value applied in the examples, a more improved effect can occur.

[0122] The glass transition temperature (Tg) of the plastic sheet or the resin component contained therein is selected based on the type of plastic sheet used and is not particularly limited thereto. In one example, the information regarding the glass transition temperature of the plastic sheet can be applied in the same manner as described above.

[0123] During the heating process that satisfies condition 1, Tg and T can be adjusted. P The ratio Tg / T P For example, the ratio Tg / T P The upper limit can be approximately 2.5, 2.4, 2.3, 2.2, 2.1, 2, 1.9, 1.8, 1.7, or 1.65, and the lower limit can be approximately 1, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, or 1.6. The ratio Tg / T P The range can be greater than or equal to, or greater than any of the lower limits listed above; or less than, or equal to, or less than any of the upper limits listed above; or less than, or equal to, or less than any of the upper limits listed above while simultaneously being greater than or equal to, or greater than any of the lower limits listed above. Further improvements can occur when this range is close to the values ​​used in the embodiments.

[0124] In condition 1, the interface temperature T between the metal plate and the plastic plate is measured during heating. I It is determined by the glass transition temperature Tg and the melting temperature Tm. In one example, the temperature T... I The lower limit can be approximately 100℃, 110℃, 120℃, 130℃, 140℃, 150℃, 160℃, 170℃, or 180℃, and the upper limit can be approximately 300℃, 290℃, 280℃, 270℃, 260℃, 250℃, 240℃, 230℃, 220℃, 210℃, 200℃, 190℃, or 180℃. The interface temperature can be greater than or equal to, or greater than, any of the lower limits listed above; or less than, or equal to, or less than, any of the upper limits listed above; or less than, or equal to, or less than any of the upper limits listed above while simultaneously greater than or equal to, or greater than any of the lower limits listed above. When the range is close to the values ​​used in the embodiments, further improved effects can occur.

[0125] When condition 1 is met, T can be further adjusted. I The ratio of T to Tg I / Tg. For example, the ratio T IThe lower limit of / Tg can be approximately 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1.0, or 1.1, and its upper limit can be approximately 3.0, 2.9, 2.8, 2.7, 2.6, 2.5, 2.4, 2.3, 2.2, 2.1, 2.0, 1.9, 1.8, 1.7, 1.6, 1.5, 1.4, 1.3, or 1.2. The ratio T I / Tg can be greater than or equal to, or greater than any of the lower limits listed above; or less than, or equal to, or less than any of the upper limits listed above; or less than, or equal to, or less than any of the upper limits listed above while simultaneously being greater than or equal to, or greater than any of the lower limits listed above. Further improvements can occur when the range is close to the values ​​used in the embodiments.

[0126] The melting temperature of the metal sheet is adjusted according to the type of metal, which is determined by the unique melting temperature Tm of the metal sheet. In one example, the information regarding the melting temperature of the metal sheet can be applied in the same way as described above.

[0127] When condition 1 is met, Tm and T can be adjusted. I The ratio Tm / T I For example, Tm / T I The lower limit can be approximately 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, 4.5, 5, 5.5, 6, 6.5, 7, or 7.5, and the upper limit can be approximately 50, 45, 40, 35, 30, 25, 20, 15, 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, or 4. The ratio Tm / T I The range can be greater than or equal to, or greater than any of the lower limits listed above; or less than, or equal to, or less than any of the upper limits listed above; or less than, or equal to, or less than any of the upper limits listed above while simultaneously being greater than or equal to, or greater than any of the lower limits listed above. Further improvements can occur when the range is close to the values ​​used in the embodiments.

[0128] If the conditions described above are maintained during the heating process, the desired composite material can be effectively manufactured. The reason is unclear, but it is speculated that when the temperature is adjusted to meet condition 1 above, the molten state or flowability of the plastic and / or metal sheets is optimized, thus obtaining a composite material with the desired airtightness and bonding strength and no appearance deformation. Furthermore, this effect can be achieved even when the composite material is manufactured with a large area.

[0129] The method in which such a condition is satisfied during heating is not limited. For example, a method in which heat is applied from the upper and / or lower portion of the laminate can be used. If the above condition 1 is satisfied, heat can be applied in either of the upper or lower portion. However, in order to more effectively satisfy the condition, it is advantageous to apply heat from the upper and lower portion of the laminate.

[0130] For example, a known heater such as a ceramic heater or a coil heater can be used to apply the above heat. For example, when a plastic plate is positioned on top and a metal plate is positioned on the bottom, an upper heater can be positioned to heat the plastic plate, and a lower heater can be positioned to heat the metal plate, and the upper and lower heaters can be operated simultaneously. Further, for example, when a metal plate is positioned on top and a plastic plate is positioned on the bottom, an upper heater can be positioned to heat the metal plate, and a lower heater can be positioned to heat the plastic plate, and the upper and lower heaters can be operated simultaneously.

[0131] In the manufacturing method, the pressurization can be performed separately after heating, or can be performed simultaneously with heating, as described above.

[0132] The method in which this pressurization is performed is not particularly limited. For example, a method in which pressure is applied to the laminate of the plastic plate and the metal plate by a suitable mold or the like can be used. At this time, by a method in which the shape of the mold or the like is adjusted, pressure can also be applied only to a portion of the laminate in which the convex portion is not formed, or to a portion in which the plastic plate and the metal plate directly contact each other.

[0133] Such pressurization can be performed simultaneously, for example, in the upper and lower portions of the laminate, or can be performed only in the upper or lower portion of the laminate.

[0134] The magnitude of the pressure (P1) applied when pressurizing is not particularly limited. The pressure can be adjusted to a suitable level according to the purpose. For example, the lower limit of the pressure (P1) can be around 1000, 1500, 2000, 3000, 4000, 5000, 6000, 7000, 7500, 7600, 7700, 7800, 7900, 8000, 8100, 8200, 8300, 8400, 8500, 8600, 8700, 8800, 8850, 8900, 8950, 9000, 8950, 9000, 9050, 9100, 9150, or 9200, and the upper limit thereof can be around 11000, 10950, 10900, 10850, 10800, 10750, 10700, 10650, 10600, 10550, 10500, 10450, 10400, 10350, 10300, 10250, 10200, 10150, 10100, 10050, 10000, 9950, 9900, 9850, 9800, 9750, 9700, 9650, 9600, 9550, 9500, 9450, 9400, 9350, 9300, 9250, or 9200. The unit of the pressure is gf / cm 2 The pressure (P1) applied when pressurizing can be in a range of greater than or equal to, or greater than, any of the lower limits listed above; or in a range of less than, or equal to or less than, any of the upper limits listed above; or in a range of less than, or equal to or less than, any of the upper limits listed above and greater than or equal to, or greater than, any of the lower limits listed above. When the range is close to the value applied in the examples, a more improved effect can occur.

[0135] The time of pressurization is also determined depending on the purpose, and there is no great limitation. For example, the lower limit of the pressurization time can be around 10 seconds, 20 seconds, 30 seconds, 40 seconds, 41 seconds, 42 seconds, 43 seconds, 44 seconds, 45 seconds, 46 seconds, 47 seconds, 48 seconds, 49 seconds, or 50 seconds, and the upper limit thereof can be around 3600 seconds, 3400 seconds, 3200 seconds, 3000 seconds, 2800 seconds, 2600 seconds, 2400 seconds, 2200 seconds, 2000 seconds, 1800 seconds, 1600 seconds, 1400 seconds, 1200 seconds, 1000 seconds, 800 seconds, 600 seconds, 400 seconds, 200 seconds, 100 seconds, 85 seconds, 80 seconds, 75 seconds, 70 seconds, 65 seconds, 60 seconds, 55 seconds, or 50 seconds. The time of pressurization can be in a range greater than or equal to, or greater than, any of the lower limits listed above; or in a range less than, or equal to or less than, any of the upper limits listed above; or in a range less than, or equal to or less than, any of the upper limits listed above and greater than or equal to, or greater than, any of the lower limits listed above. The pressurization time can also be appropriately adjusted depending on the pressure applied at the time of pressurization and the like.

[0136] As described above, the heating and the pressurization can be performed simultaneously or sequentially.

[0137] For example, the heating and the pressurization can be performed in a manner including a first step of heating the laminate of the plastic plate and the metal plate and a second step of pressurizing the laminate.

[0138] In the above case, the second step can be performed in a state satisfying the above condition 1. For example, the heating of the first step can be performed to satisfy the above condition 1, and then the second step can be started while maintaining the state.

[0139] The method for manufacturing a composite material can further include a step of cooling the laminate after the heating and the pressurization process.

[0140] In order to manufacture a desired composite material, the conditions of the cooling process can be adjusted. For example, the cooling process can also be performed while applying a certain level of pressure to the laminate.

[0141] For example, the cooling process can be performed under a pressurization condition in which ΔP of Equation 5 below is within a predetermined range. For example, after the heating and pressurization process (or the second step), the cooling process can be performed in a state in which the pressure applied to the laminate is adjusted such that ΔP of Equation 5 below is within a predetermined range. In one example, the upper limit of ΔP can be around 600%, 550%, 500%, 450%, 400%, 350%, 310%, or 300%, and the lower limit thereof can be around 50%, 100%, 150%, 200%, 250%, 290%, or 300%. ΔP can be within a range greater than or equal to, or greater than, any one of the lower limits listed above; or within a range less than, or equal to or less than, any one of the upper limits listed above; or within a range less than, or equal to or less than, any one of the upper limits listed above while being greater than or equal to, or greater than, any one of the lower limits listed above. When the range is close to the value applied in the example, a more improved effect can occur.

[0142] [Equation 5]

[0143]

[0144] In Equation 5, P2 is the pressure applied to the laminate in the pressurization process (e.g., the second step) before cooling, and P3 is the pressure applied to the laminate in the cooling process. For example, P2 can be the same as the range of the pressure P1 applied when pressurized as described above.

[0145] The cooling of the laminate can be natural cooling or forced cooling. In the case of natural cooling, it can be performed while the laminate is maintained in a low-temperature condition (e.g., a room-temperature condition), and forced cooling can be performed by contacting a suitable cooling medium (e.g., cooling water).

[0146] The composite material can be manufactured by the above process. The method for manufacturing the composite material can further include any additional steps required for the process. For example, in the method, a release step can be performed after the cooling process.

[0147] As described above, in the composite material, the plastic plate and the metal plate can provide an internal space that ensures airtightness while exhibiting excellent bonding force.

[0148] Such an internal space can form a flow channel through which a cooling medium such as a coolant or air flows. Such a flow channel can be designed so that, when the cooling medium is applied, the cooling medium can effectively exchange heat with the heat-generating element.

[0149] For example, the inner space of the joining interface between the plastic plate and the metal plate can form a flow channel through which fluid is movable, and in this case, the joining surface of the plastic plate and the metal plate can be formed to include an outer joining surface present outside the flow channel and a plurality of inner joining surfaces present inside the flow channel.

[0150] The term inner joining surface is a region where the plastic plate and the metal plate are joined, which means a joining surface formed such that the fluid can be separated by the joining region during movement of the fluid through the flow channel and then joined again.

[0151] The term outer joining surface is a region where the plastic plate and the metal plate are joined, which means a region other than the inner joining surface.

[0152] Reference will be made to Figure 5 the joining surface.

[0153] Figure 5 is a schematic view in the case of observing the composite material from the front (for example, a direction perpendicular to the normal direction of the surface of the plastic plate), in which the inner joining surface 500 and the outer joining surface 600 are indicated with diagonal lines, and the portion not indicated with diagonal lines is the flow channel (inner space).

[0154] As partially shown by the arrows in Figure 5 , in the same form as in Figure 5 , the fluid can be injected into the inlet (in), then moved through the flow channel, and can be discharged through the outlet (out).

[0155] As can be seen from the figure, the fluid encounters the inner joining surface 500 during the movement, is separated by the inner joining surface 500, and then joined again within the flow channel, but the outer joining surface does not perform this function.

[0156] Such a fluid can move through the flow channel while contacting the metal plate.

[0157] In one example, the flow channel (internal space) can be configured such that fluid injected into the interface between the plastic and metal plates exits after moving through an area equal to or greater than a certain percentage of the total area of ​​the metal (or plastic) plate. This means, for example, that the area of ​​the flow channel occupies a certain percentage or more of the area of ​​the metal plate. For instance, the lower limit of the ratio (100×AF / AM) of the flow channel area (AF) to the area of ​​the metal plate (AM) can be approximately 60%, 62%, 64%, 66%, 68%, 70%, 72%, 74%, 76%, 78%, or 80%, and the upper limit can be approximately 99%, 97%, 95%, 93%, 91%, 89%, 87%, 85%, 83%, or 81%. This ratio (100×AF / AM) is equal to the ratio of the area of ​​the metal (or plastic) plate through which the fluid injected into the interface between the plastic and metal plates moves to the area of ​​the metal (or plastic) plate. The ratios described above can be greater than or equal to, or greater than any of the lower limits listed above; or can be less than, or equal to, or less than any of the upper limits listed above while simultaneously being greater than or equal to, or greater than any of the lower limits listed above. A higher ratio allows for more efficient heat exchange. However, when the ratio is high, the area of ​​the bonding surface between the plastic and metal plates decreases, and in this case, it is not easy to ensure excellent bonding strength, etc. However, the composite material disclosed in this specification ensures high bonding strength between the plastic and metal plates and airtightness of the internal space (flow channels) while ensuring a ratio of 100×AF / AM as close as possible.

[0158] like Figure 5 As shown, the inner mating surface 500 can be formed within the flow channel, and the density of the inner mating surface 500 can be controlled to achieve effective heat exchange. The density of the inner mating surface is the ratio of the number of inner mating surfaces formed within the flow channel to the total area of ​​the flow channel. The lower limit of the density of the inner mating surface can be approximately 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 51, 52, 53, or 54, and its upper limit can be approximately 500, 450, 400, 350, 300, 250, 200, 150, 100, 95, 90, 85, 80, 75, 70, 65, 60, or 55. The unit of density is quantity / m³. 2The density can be in a range greater than or equal to, or greater than, any of the lower limits listed above; or in a range less than, or equal to, or less than, any of the upper limits listed above, while being greater than or equal to, or greater than, any of the lower limits listed above. The inner engagement surfaces formed with the density can enable movement of fluid moving through the flow passage while effectively scanning the entire area of the flow passage, thereby enabling stable and effective heat exchange. When the range of the ratio approaches the value in the composite material exemplified in the embodiment, a more improved effect can be expected.

[0159] The inner engagement surfaces can be designed so that R1 of Equation 2 below is in a range.

[0160] [Equation 2]

[0161]

[0162] In Equation 2, A1 is the entire area of the flow passage, A2 is the sum of the areas of the plurality of inner engagement surfaces (total area), and A1 and A2 are the same in unit.

[0163] The lower limit of R1 in Equation 2 can be around 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, or 20, and the upper limit thereof can be around 90, 85, 80, 75, 70, 65, 60, 55, 50, 45, 40, 35, 30, 25, 23, or 21. R1 can be in a range greater than or equal to, or greater than, any of the lower limits listed above; or in a range less than, or equal to, or less than, any of the upper limits listed above; or in a range less than, or equal to, or less than, any of the upper limits listed above, while being greater than or equal to, or greater than, any of the lower limits listed above. The inner engagement surfaces formed to satisfy the R1 range can enable movement of fluid moving through the flow passage while effectively scanning the entire area of the flow passage, thereby enabling stable and effective heat exchange. When the range of the ratio approaches the value in the composite material exemplified in the embodiment, a more improved effect can be expected.

[0164] The inner engagement surfaces can be designed so that R2 of Equation 3 below is in a range.

[0165] [Equation 3]

[0166]

[0167] In Equation 3, A1 is the entire area of the flow passage, and A3 is the area of a single inner engagement surface (one inner engagement surface). For example, if the areas of the plurality of inner engagement surfaces are not constant, A3 can be the arithmetic mean of the areas of the plurality of inner engagement surfaces. The units of A1 and A3 above are the same.

[0168] The lower limit of R2 in Equation 3 can be approximately 95, 100, 110, 120, 130, 140, 150, 160, or 165, and its upper limit can be approximately 500, 450, 400, 350, 300, 250, 200, 190, 180, or 175. R2 can be greater than or equal to, or greater than any of the lower limits listed above; or less than, or equal to, or less than any of the upper limits listed above; or less than, or equal to, or less than any of the upper limits listed above while simultaneously greater than or equal to, or greater than any of the lower limits listed above. An inner mating surface formed to satisfy the above range of R2 can allow fluid moving through the flow channel to move while effectively scanning the entire area of ​​the flow channel, thereby enabling stable and efficient heat exchange. Further improved effects can be expected when the range of this ratio is close to the values ​​in the composite material exemplified in the embodiments.

[0169] The inner mating surface can be designed such that R3 in Equation 4 below is within a certain range.

[0170] [Equation 4]

[0171]

[0172] In Equation 4, L is the spacing between the multiple inner mating surfaces, and A3 is the area of ​​a single inner mating surface (one inner mating surface).

[0173] Here, the square of L and the unit of A3 are the same.

[0174] Here, the spacing between the multiple inner mating surfaces is the spacing between the centers of adjacent inner mating surfaces (e.g., Figure 5 (L1 and L2 in the equation). For example, when the centers of two arbitrary inner mating surfaces are connected, if there are no other inner mating surfaces on the imaginary line connecting the centers, the two inner mating surfaces can be said to be adjacent to each other. In another instance, when a fluid is separated by an inner mating surface while flowing through a flow channel, then merges again, and there is an inner mating surface that subsequently encounters it, the two inner mating surfaces can be said to be adjacent to each other. Here, the center of the inner mating surface refers to the centroid. Furthermore, when the spacing between the inner mating surfaces is multiple and not constant, the minimum spacing, the longest spacing, or the arithmetic mean of the multiple spacings is applied to Equation 5.

[0175] The lower limit of R3 in Equation 4 can be around 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, or 14, and the upper limit thereof can be around 50, 45, 40, 35, 30, 25, 20, 15, 14, 13, 12, 11, 10, 9, or 8. R3 can be in a range greater than or equal to, or greater than, any one of the lower limits listed above; or in a range less than, or equal to or less than, any one of the upper limits listed above; or in a range less than, or equal to or less than, any one of the upper limits listed above while being greater than or equal to, or greater than, any one of the lower limits listed above. The inner engagement surface formed to satisfy the above range of R3 can enable the fluid moving through the flow passage to move while effectively scanning the entire area of the flow passage, thereby enabling stable and efficient heat exchange. When the range of the ratio approaches the value in the composite material exemplified in the embodiment, a more improved effect can be expected.

[0176] The inner engagement surface can be designed so that R4 of the following Equation 5 is in a certain range.

[0177] [Equation 5]

[0178]

[0179] In Equation 5, T is the thickness of the flow passage, and A1 is the entire area of the flow passage.

[0180] Here, the units of T squared and A1 are the same.

[0181] The lower limit of R4 in Equation 5 can be around 5,000, 5,500, 6,000, 6,500, 7,000, 7,500, 8,000, 8,500, or 9,000, and the upper limit thereof can be around 50,000, 45,000, 40,000, 35,000, 30,000, 25,000, 20,000, 15,000, 10,000, 9,500, or 9,200. R4 can be in a range greater than or equal to, or greater than, any one of the lower limits listed above; or in a range less than, or equal to or less than, any one of the upper limits listed above; or in a range less than, or equal to or less than, any one of the upper limits listed above while being greater than or equal to, or greater than, any one of the lower limits listed above. The inner engagement surface formed to satisfy the above range of R4 can enable the fluid moving through the flow passage to move while effectively scanning the entire area of the flow passage at an appropriate speed, thereby enabling stable and efficient heat exchange. When the range of the ratio approaches the value in the composite material exemplified in the embodiment, a more improved effect can be expected.

[0182] The shape of the inner joining surface is not particularly limited, and it can be formed in various shapes if the fluid flowing through the flow passage can be appropriately divided and then recombined as described above.

[0183] In the composite material, the ratio (AT / AA) of the entire area (AT) of the composite material to the total area (AA) of the inner joining surface and the outer joining surface can be adjusted. For example, the lower limit of the ratio (AT / AA) can be around 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, 4.5, or 5, and the upper limit thereof can be around 50, 45, 40, 35, 30, 25, 20, 15, 10, 9.5, 9, 8.5, 8, 7.5, 7, 6.5, 6, or 5.5. The ratio can be in a range of greater than or equal to, or greater than, any one of the lower limits listed above; or in a range of less than, or equal to or less than, any one of the upper limits listed above; or in a range of less than, or equal to or less than, any one of the upper limits listed above and greater than or equal to, or greater than, any one of the lower limits listed above. When the range of the ratio is close to the value in the composite material exemplified in the examples, a more improved effect can be expected.

[0184] The flow passage designed to satisfy the condition can enable efficient heat exchange of the fluid moving therein while effectively scanning the entire area of the flow passage at an appropriate speed. However, due to the design as described above, it can be difficult to ensure the joining efficiency of the plastic plate and the metal plate.

[0185] The present specification also discloses the use of the composite material. For example, the composite material can be used as a so-called heat sink. As known, a heat sink is an assembly capable of absorbing or dissipating heat from another object by direct or indirect thermal contact. Since such a heat sink is advantageous in having as large a surface area as possible, it can be advantageous to use a composite material including a plastic plate having a concave-convex shape as described above and a surface-treated metal plate as a heat sink.

[0186] The heat sink can include a plate-shaped plastic plate on which a concave-convex shape similar to the composite material described above is formed. In addition, it can also include a metal plate on which a Per pattern similar to the composite material described above is formed. As for the contents of the plastic plate, for example, the contents regarding the resin component and the filler component, or the absolute value of the difference in the tensile fracture strength of the concave portion and the convex portion; the standard deviation of the tensile fracture strength of each of the upper end portion, the middle portion, and the lower end portion; the thickness of the plate-shaped plastic plate, etc. can be applied in the same manner as in the above-described contents. In addition, as for the contents of the metal plate, for example, the contents regarding the Per pattern or the contents regarding the thickness, the melting temperature, etc. of the metal plate can be applied in the same manner as in the above-described contents.

[0187] Further, in the heat sink, similar to the composite material described above, matters concerning the maximum allowable internal pressure, or matters concerning the pressure drop rate, matters concerning the 60-second pressure drop amount, and matters concerning the pressure reduction level LP according to Equation 1 can be applied in the same manner as in the above-described matters.

[0188] The present specification also discloses an apparatus including the composite material.

[0189] For example, the apparatus can include the composite material and a cooling medium. The cooling medium can be present in the flow channel of the composite material, or can be prepared to be injectable into the flow channel.

[0190] For example, the apparatus can be a cooling apparatus such as the heat sink described above, or a thermal interface material (TIM).

[0191] The type of the cooling medium is not particularly limited, and for example, a coolant such as water, or a gas such as air can be applied.

[0192] The apparatus can also include a heat generating element and the composite material. The apparatus can also include a heat generating element and a cooling device. In this case, the composite material and the heat generating element can be in thermal contact with each other. In the present specification, the term thermal contact is a contact in which heat from the heat generating element can be transferred to the composite material, which does not necessarily mean a case where they are in physical contact with each other.

[0193] The type of the heat generating element is not particularly limited. The heat generating element can be, for example, any type of component, element, or device in which heat is generated during operation or storage, and such heat must be controlled. Examples of such heat generating elements include a battery cell, a battery module, or a battery pack, etc., but are not limited thereto.

[0194] For example, the apparatus can also include a cooling medium. The cooling medium can be present in the flow channel of the composite material, or can be prepared to be injectable into the flow channel.

[0195] Advantages

[0196] The present specification discloses a composite material and use thereof. In one example, the composite material can be a composite material in which a metal plate and a plastic plate are combined with each other, and can be a composite material in which an internal space is present at a joint interface of the metal plate and the plastic plate. According to the disclosure herein, when the composite material is used as a heat dissipation material (e.g., a heat sink) in which a fluid such as a cooling medium moves into the internal space, the internal space can be designed so that the fluid can stably and effectively exchange heat with a heat generating element or the like. Further, according to the disclosure herein, high airtightness can be ensured in the internal space so that the heat exchange performance can be maintained for a long period of time without loss. According to the disclosure herein, even when the composite material is manufactured in a large area or a large scale, it can exhibit excellent heat exchange performance and durability due to the airtightness. The present specification also discloses use of the composite material. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0197] Figure 1 A diagram to show one example of a cross section of a composite material.

[0198] Figure 2 An exemplary process to form a composite material of Figure 1 .

[0199] Figure 3 An exemplary process to trisect a plastic plate.

[0200] Figure 4 An exemplary diagram to explain Per.

[0201] Figure 5 An exemplary diagram to explain the shape of a flow channel and a joint surface.

[0202] Figure 6 A diagram to explain a process of forming a plastic plate having a concave-convex shape.

[0203] Figure 7 A diagram to explain a process of forming a plastic plate having a concave-convex shape.

[0204] Figure 8 A diagram to explain a laser processing region performed in an example.

[0205] Figure 9 An SEM image of a plastic plate having a concave-convex shape manufactured in an example.

[0206] Figure 10 An SEM image of a plastic plate having a concave-convex shape manufactured in an example.

[0207] Figure 11 A diagram to explain contents of sampling from a plastic plate.

[0208] Figure 12 a view resulting from a process of evaluating the air tightness of an interior space.

[0209] Figure 13 a view resulting from a process of evaluating the air tightness of an interior space.

[0210] Figure 14 a view for illustrating a sample for measuring tensile strength at break.

[0211] Figure 15 a view showing a process of evaluating the shading ratio.

[0212] Figure 16 a view exemplarily showing the evaluation result of the gray scale.

[0213] Figure 17 a view showing the result of differentiating the graph of Figure 16

[0214] Figure 18 a view showing the relationship between the shading ratio and the bonding force. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0215] Hereinafter, the composite material and the like will be specifically described by way of examples and comparative examples, but the scope of the composite material and the like is not limited to the following examples.

[0216] Example 1

[0217] Manufacture of plastic panels

[0218] As shown in Figure 1 , a plastic plate 100 having a concave-convex shape having a convex shape 1001 and a concave shape 1002 was manufactured.

[0219] The convex shape 1001 and the concave shape 1002 were adjusted so that a flow passage having a shape shown in Figure 5 was formed after the plastic plate was bonded with the metal plate. The convex shape 1001 and the concave shape 1002 were formed so that the entire area of the flow passage formed according to Figure 5 was about 146,180 mm 2 around, the entire area of the outer joint surface 600 was about 29,308 mm 2 around, and the total area of the inner joint surface 500 was about 7,050 mm 2 around. The inner joint surface 500 was formed so that there were a total of eight within the flow passage, each of the inner joint surfaces 500 had the same area, the area of a single inner joint surface was about 881.26 mm 2 around, and the interval between adjacent inner joint surfaces was 78.38 mm ( Figure 5 ​L2 in the middle) or 114.45 mm ( Figure 5 Approximately L1). Furthermore, after forming the convex-concave shape, the total area of ​​the plastic sheet determined previously is approximately 182,538 mm². 2 Left and right. In addition, the concave shape 1002 is formed with a depth of about 4 mm.

[0220] A plastic sheet (fabric) is prepared in the form of a rectangular plate with a horizontal length of approximately 610 mm, a vertical length of approximately 308 mm, and a thickness of approximately 2 mm. The fabric is manufactured by applying a material in which mPPO (modified PPO (polyethylene oxide)) and glass fiber are blended at a weight ratio of 8:2 (mPPO: filler component) to an extrusion process. The glass transition temperature (Tg) of the mPPO, as the resin component, is approximately 145°C. Glass fibers with a cross-sectional diameter of approximately 12.5 μm and an aspect ratio of approximately 24 are used.

[0221] The glass transition temperature was measured using a DSC (Differential Scanning Calorimeter) device (DSC 8000, Perkin Elmer (USA)). During measurement, the temperature range was set from 40°C to 350°C, and the glass transition temperature was measured while determining the heat flow change in a heating and cooling mode with a heating rate and a cooling rate of 10°C. Samples used for the measurement were prepared with a diameter of approximately 2 mm and a weight of approximately 10 mg.

[0222] like Figure 6 As shown, fabric 1000 is placed on a first mold 2000 having an engraved shape corresponding to the desired concave-convex shape. A second mold 3000 having a raised shape corresponding to the concave-convex shape is placed on the upper part of fabric 1000.

[0223] A ceramic heater is used to maintain the surface temperature of fabric 1000 at approximately 195°C. The ceramic heater is located inside the heating device, and with the ceramic heater positioned above the fabric, the temperature is raised to the desired temperature via a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) system. A non-contact infrared thermometer is used to check whether the fabric surface temperature is controlled at the desired temperature.

[0224] Subsequently, while maintaining the temperature, such as Figure 6 As shown, suction L is performed at the bottom of the first mold 2000, and simultaneously the second mold 3000 is moved downwards to achieve the desired effect. Figure 7 Pressure is applied to fabric 1000 in the form of [something].

[0225] The suction L was performed by opening the pressure gauge of the device by 100%. Based on the rate, the vacuum flow of the suction was about 1 atmosphere or so, and the pressure applied to the fabric was about 690.2 gf / cm2(or an applied load of about 1500 kg) or so. The pressurization of the second mold 3000 was performed so that a horizontal pressure of about 548.7 gf / cm2(or an applied load of about 1000 kg) was applied to the molded body formed by the suction.

[0226] After maintaining the state for about 10 seconds, the temperature of the fabric 1000 was lowered to about 40°C to perform a cooling process. After the cooling process, the first mold 2000 and the second mold 3000 were separated, and the plastic plate was recovered as a molded body.

[0227] Manufacture of metal panels

[0228] An aluminum plate (melting temperature of about 660.3°C) in the form of a rectangular plate having a horizontal length of about 610 mm, a vertical length of about 308 mm, and a thickness of about 3 mm or so was prepared. The melting temperature of the aluminum plate was measured under the same conditions and equipment as those for measuring the glass transition temperature of the mPPO.

[0229] The surface of the metal plate was laser-processed to form a Per pattern. In manufacturing the composite material, only a portion of the surface of the metal plate that comes into contact with the plastic plate was laser-processed. The region in which laser processing has been performed corresponds to the hatched region in Figure 8 The area of the hatched region was about 36358.42 mm2or so.

[0230] The laser processing was performed using a laser irradiation device having a fiber source (50 W fiber marking machine, K2 laser). The surface treatment of the metal plate was performed by irradiating the metal plate with laser light using the laser irradiation device. The laser irradiation was performed by cross-scanning (in a grid form) the surface treatment surface at a scan rate of about 850 mm / sec or so, and the number of scans of the same surface was 4 times. The laser irradiation was performed by setting the laser output to about 50 W and the repetition frequency to about 70 kHz.

[0231] By the treatment, a Per as shown in Figure 4 was formed on the surface of the metal plate. Figure 4 The shape determined when observing the cross section of the processed aluminum plate (the surface observed when cut along the normal direction of the surface of the aluminum plate). As in Figure 4 , the Per includes burrs and grooves. The width of the grooves was about 150 μm or so, the depth of the grooves was about 110 μm to 120 μm or so, and the height of the burrs was about 30 μm or so.

[0232] Manufacture of composite panels

[0233] The prepared plastic plate 100 and metal plate 200 were laminated in the form shown in FIG. 1, and were combined by heating and pressing to manufacture a composite material. Figure 1

[0234] The combination was performed using an apparatus (BG-200 (modified), Sungshin Hydraulic Machinery) capable of forming a sealed internal space, heating the internal space, pressurizing the laminate in a heated state by adjusting the pressure of the internal space, and cooling. The laminate was placed in the internal space of the apparatus (BG-200 (modified)). The plastic plate 100 of the laminate was placed in the upper portion, and the metal plate 200 was placed in the lower portion.

[0235] The laminate was heated in the state (heating process). The heating was performed by simultaneously operating the upper heater on the plastic plate 100 side of the laminate and the lower heater on the metal plate 200 side. The heating was performed until the temperature (T P ) of the plastic plate 100 became about 90°C or so and the interface temperature (T I ) of the plastic plate 100 and the metal plate 200 became about 180°C or so. The temperature (T P ) of the plastic plate 100 was measured by cross-checking using a TC (thermocouple) and a non-contact infrared thermometer built in the apparatus (BG-200 (modified)), and the interface temperature (T I ) of the plastic plate 100 and the metal plate 200 was determined by directly placing a thermometer (portable temperature loader (terminal coupler)) on the interface.

[0236] When the heaters were operated by setting the temperature of the upper heater to 90°C and setting the temperature of the lower heater to 180°C, the temperature (T P ) of the plastic plate 100 and the interface temperature (T I ) were determined at a time of about 1400 seconds from the start time of the operation.

[0237] When the temperature (T P ) of the plastic plate 100 and the interface temperature (T I ) reached the temperatures, the laminate was pressurized by adjusting the pressure of the sealed internal space of the apparatus (pressurization process). The pressurization was performed by using a mold to pressurize the plastic plate by applying a load. At this time, the pressurization was performed so that a load was applied to the laminate at a pressure of about 9,200 gf / cm 2 (approximately 20 tons of applied load) or so. At the pressurization, only the joint portion (the surface-treated portion of the plastic plate 100 and the metal plate 200) of the laminate was pressurized.​

[0238] The temperature (T P ) of the plastic plate 100 and the interface temperature (T I ) were maintained while pressurization was performed for about 50 seconds.

[0239] After the pressurization, a cooling process (cooling process) was performed.

[0240] The cooling process was performed by flowing cooling water around the sealed space. The cooling was performed in a state where the pressure applied to the laminate was reduced to about 2300 gf / cm 2 (the applied load was about 5 tons), and the cooling was performed until the temperature (the temperature (T P ) of the plastic plate 100 and the interface temperature (T I )) of the laminate became about 60°C or less or so. After the cooling, the laminate was discharged to recover the composite material.

[0241] Example 2

[0242] The composite material was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the conditions were adjusted in the heating and pressurization process so that the interface temperature (T I ) of the plastic plate 100 and the metal plate 200 became about 160°C or so.

[0243] Example 3

[0244] The composite material was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1, except that, by changing the scanning speed of the laser to about 800 mm / sec in the machining of the metal plate, the grooves had a width of about 150 μm or so and a depth of about 140 μm or so, and the burrs had a height of about 30 μm or so in the Per.

[0245] Example 4

[0246] The composite material was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1, except that, as the metal plate, a SUS 304 plate (melting temperature about 1400°C) in which a Per pattern having grooves with a width of about 150 μm or so and a depth of about 130 μm or so, and burrs with a height of about 30 μm or so were formed by laser processing on a rectangular plate having a horizontal length of about 610 mm or so, a vertical length of about 308 mm or so, and a thickness of about 3 mm or so was used.

[0247] Comparative Example 1

[0248] A composite material was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1, except that a metal plate in which a Per pattern having a width of about 150 μm or so and a depth of about 95 μm or so, and a burr having a height of about 10 μm or so was formed by performing laser processing on a SUS 304 plate (melting temperature about 1400°C) in the form of a rectangular plate having a horizontal length of about 610 mm or so, a vertical length of about 308 mm or so, and a thickness of about 3 mm or so, was used as the metal plate.

[0249] Comparative Example 2

[0250] A composite material was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1, except that by adjusting the scanning speed of the laser when processing the metal plate, in the Per, the groove had a width of about 150 μm or so and a depth of about 155 μm or so, and the burr had a height of about 30 μm or so.

[0251] Comparative Example 3

[0252] A composite material was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1, except that by adjusting the scanning speed of the laser when processing the metal plate, in the Per, the groove had a width of about 150 μm or so and a depth of about 95 μm or so, and the burr had a height of about 10 μm or so.

[0253] Test Example 1.

[0254] A cross section of the plastic plate of Example 1 and a reference plastic plate was photographed using an SEM (scanning electron microscope) device (JEOL, JSM-7800F type) to evaluate whether or not a hole was formed. After the cross section was processed using a TXP pretreatment device, the plastic plate was photographed using the SEM device. The reference plastic plate was a plastic plate in which a concave-convex structure was formed in the same manner as in Example 1, but the concave-convex structure was formed without being pressed by the upper mold. At the time of photographing, the BED-C observation mode was applied, and the magnification, working distance, and acceleration voltage were set to 100 times, 15 mm (working distance), and 15.0 kV, respectively. Figure 9 The results for the plastic plate of Example 1, and Figure 10 The results for the reference plastic plate. By Figure 9 and Figure 10 it was determined that almost no holes were determined inside the plastic plate applied in Example 1, while many holes existed inside the reference plastic plate.

[0255] Test Example 2.

[0256] The tensile fracture strength of the convex shape and the concave shape of the plastic plate of Example 1 and the reference plastic plate of Test Example 1 were evaluated. Figure 11 is a photograph of the front of the plastic plate. AsFigure 11 The concave shape (a rectangle filled with diagonal lines in Figure 11 ) and the convex shape (a rectangle filled with dots in Figure 11 ) of the plastic sheet were each cut to manufacture test pieces. The cutting of the test pieces was performed using a water jet method, and the test pieces were formed to have a horizontal length of about 45 mm or so and a vertical length of about 12.5 mm or so. As shown by the rectangle in Figure 11 , a total of 32 test pieces in the convex shape were obtained, and a total of 17 test pieces in the concave shape were obtained.

[0257] The tensile fracture strength of the test pieces was measured at room temperature (about 25°C) using a UTM (universal testing machine) device. The both ends of the test piece in the horizontal direction were fixed to the device by about 8 mm, and the strength at the time of fracture of the test piece (tensile fracture strength) was measured while uniaxially stretching the test piece in the horizontal direction (direction parallel to the both ends). The stretching was performed at a constant speed of about 50 mm / sec.

[0258] The measurement results are summarized and described in Table 1 below.

[0259] [Table 1]

[0260]

[0261] The deviation (%) in Table 1 is a result calculated by substituting the tensile fracture strength S M of the concave shape and the tensile fracture strength S P of the convex shape into the formula 100 x (S M -S P ) / S P .

[0262] Test Example 3.

[0263] Test pieces of the upper end portion, the middle portion, and the lower end portion were manufactured by trisecting the plastic sheet of Example 1 and the reference plastic sheet of Test Example 1 in the vertical direction (arrow direction in Figure 11 ) to have the same length, and then the tensile fracture strength of each portion was evaluated in the same manner as in Test Example 2. The cutting of the test pieces was performed using a water jet method.

[0264] As shown in Figure 11 , test pieces were obtained from the convex shape (a rectangle filled with dots in Figure 11 ) and the concave portion (a rectangle filled with diagonal lines in Figure 11 ) of the plastic sheet, respectively, and test pieces were obtained from the upper end portion, the middle portion, and the lower end portion in the same manner as described above. At the time of cutting the test pieces, the test pieces were cut so that the TD (transverse direction) direction of the plastic sheet was the horizontal direction. The TD direction is a direction based on an extrusion process for manufacturing a fabric.

[0265] Using the method, four test pieces (a total of eight test pieces) were collected from each of the convex shape and the concave shape of the upper end portion, and test pieces were collected from the middle portion and the lower end portion in the same manner.

[0266] The tensile fracture strength was evaluated for the test pieces in the same manner as in Test Example 2, and the results were summarized and described in Table 2.

[0267] The unit of the tensile fracture strength in the following Table 2 is MPa, and it is an average value of the tensile fracture strength measured for the test pieces collected from each of the upper end portion, the middle portion, and the lower end portion.

[0268] Further, the standard deviation in the following Table 2 is a value obtained by substituting the tensile fracture strength S U of the upper end portion, the tensile fracture strength S M of the middle portion, and the tensile fracture strength S L of the lower end portion into the formula {[(S U -A) 2 +(S M -A) 2 +(S L -A) 2 ] / 3} 0.5 where A is the arithmetic mean of S U , S M , and S L .

[0269] [Table 2]

[0270]

[0271] Test Example 4.

[0272] The air tightness of the composite material was evaluated. The air tightness was evaluated by applying a constant pressure to an internal space formed by the combination of the concave shape 1002 of the plastic plate 100 and the metal plate 200 in the composite material, and observing the tendency of the pressure to be maintained or to drop.

[0273] In the composite material, there is an internal space formed by the combination of the plastic plate 100 and the metal plate 200, and the internal space is sealed by the joint portion of the plastic plate 100 and the metal plate 200. However, there are two passages in the internal space that communicate with the outside, and one of the two passages is sealed by fixing a jig on which a rubber ring gasket is mounted. Further, the other passage is also sealed by fixing a jig on which a rubber ring gasket is mounted, but air can be injected into the passage.

[0274] The air tightness was evaluated according to the following order.

[0275] Step 1: Inject air until the pressure of the internal space in the composite material reaches a target pressure;

[0276] Step 2: Stabilization, by injecting air, so that the target pressure is maintained and stabilized for 20 seconds from the time when air injection is started;

[0277] Step 3: Stop air injection after Step 2 and check the pressure drop.

[0278] Figure 12 Results of the air tightness evaluation of the composite material of Example 1 are shown. Figure 12 The air tightness evaluation was performed while the target pressure was gradually increased to 0.5 bar, 1 bar, 1.5 bar, 2 bar, 2.5 bar, and 3.0 bar in Steps 1 to 3.

[0279] That is, for the composite material, Steps 1 to 3 were performed by first setting the target pressure to 0.5 bar. Then, for the composite material, Steps 1 to 3 were sequentially performed by further setting the target pressure to 1 bar. The same procedure was repeated while the target pressure was each increased by 0.5 bar to 1.5 bar, 2 bar, 2.5 bar, and 3.0 bar.

[0280] Look Figure 12 It was determined that, when the procedure was performed, the pressure of the internal space was stably maintained for about 80 seconds or so until the target pressure of 2.5 bar, but when the air tightness evaluation was performed by setting the target pressure to 3.0 bar, the internal pressure could not be maintained, and a rapid decrease in pressure occurred when the internal pressure became 2.8 bar. This pressure decrease seemed to be caused by, for example, joint destruction of the joint interface between the plastic plate and the metal plate in the composite material. From these results, it was determined that the maximum allowable internal pressure of the composite material of Example 1 was in the range of 2.5 bar or more and less than 2.8 bar. In the evaluations of Example 2 and Example 3, it was also determined that the maximum allowable internal pressure was in the range of 2.5 bar or more and less than 2.8 bar.

[0281] Figure 13 is a result in which a pressure drop is determined in the internal space in a state where air injection is stopped after Step 2 of the air tightness evaluation procedure. Since Figure 13 The result of Figure 13 0 seconds on the x-axis of Figure 12 20 seconds on the x-axis of Figure 13 The y-axis of

[0282] Results of the air tightness evaluation are summarized and described in Table 3 below.

[0283] In Table 3, Reference is for a composite material formed in the same manner as in Example 1, but it is a result obtained by applying the reference plastic plate of Test Example 1 as the plastic plate of the composite material.

[0284] [Table 3]

[0285]

[0286] In Table 3, P1 is the maximum allowable internal pressure obtained from measurement, where the unit thereof is bar, and P rate is the pressure drop rate, where the unit thereof is Pa / sec. Further, P2 is the 60-second pressure drop amount, where the unit thereof is bar, and Q is the pressure reduction level, where the unit thereof is %.

[0287] P1 (maximum allowable internal pressure) of Table 3 above describes the maximum pressure that is able to maintain the target pressure for about 60 seconds or more from the time point at which air injection is stopped when the target pressure is each gradually increased by 0.5 bar in the order of 0.5 bar, 1 bar, 1.5 bar, 2 bar, 2.5 bar, and 3.0 bar in the above steps 1 to 3. Here, the case where the target pressure is maintained means that the pressure measured in bar is substantially kept constant. For example, in the case of Examples 1 to 4, when the target pressure is set to 2.5 bar, the pressure (bar) was maintained for about 60 seconds, but when it was set to 3.0 bar, a rupture occurred when it exceeded 2.8 bar, so that the maximum allowable pressure was limited to 2.5 bar. Meanwhile, the maximum allowable pressure of Comparative Example 3 was 1 bar to 1.5 bar.

[0288] P rate (pressure drop rate) describes the rate and level at which the pressure drops from the time point at which air injection is stopped (immediately after the target pressure is maintained and stabilized for 20 seconds by injecting air in the above step 2, and air injection is stopped immediately thereafter), and the like. The rate is measured in a state where air is injected until the maximum allowable internal pressure (P1) of each composite material, and then air injection is stopped immediately after stabilization, and is evaluated by the time point at which the pressure reduction ceases to occur.

[0289] In Table 3, the 60-second pressure drop amount P2 is the difference (P2-P60) between the maximum allowable internal pressure (P1) and the internal pressure (P60) at the time point of 60 seconds after air is stopped during the process of evaluating the pressure drop rate.

[0290] The pressure reduction level Q of Table 3 is a result obtained by substituting the maximum allowable internal pressure P1 and the 60-second pressure drop amount P2 into the formula 100×{1-(P1-P2) / P1}.

[0291] Test Example 5.

[0292] For the composite material of the example or comparative example, the bonding force between the plastic plate and the metal plate was evaluated. Each composite material was cut to manufacture a measurement test sample in the same form as that of Figure 14 the measurement test sample, and the bonding force of the test sample was measured.Figure 14 The sample is a laminate of a plastic sheet 100 and a metal sheet 200 obtained from composite materials, and in the sample, the joint portion ( Figure 14 Part B) is approximately 9 mm long, and the unbonded portion of the plastic plate 100 and the metal plate 200 ( Figure 14 The lengths of portions A and C are approximately 36 mm, and the width of the sample is approximately 12.5 mm. This is because it is difficult to cut the sample from the composite material in a way that... Figure 14 In the case of specimens of the same form, the same plastic and metal sheets used in the manufacture of each composite material are applied, and the same bonding method is used to manufacture specimens exhibiting the same characteristics as those used in the manufacture of each composite material. Figure 14 The same type of sample was used in the evaluation.

[0293] The bond strength of the specimens was evaluated. The bond strength evaluated in this test example was measured in a manner corresponding to the measurement method of so-called tensile shear strength. The bond strength was measured at room temperature (approximately 25°C) using a UTM (Universal Testing Machine, Zwick / roell Z030). [The following is a continuation of the previous sentence:] Figure 14 The protruding portions of the metal plate 200 and plastic plate 100 in the sample (made by...) Figure 14 The plastic sheet 100 (shown as A and C in the diagram) was fixed to the device, and the adhesion was evaluated while peeling the plastic sheet 100 from the metal sheet 200. Peeling was performed at a peel angle of approximately 180 degrees (parallel between the metal and plastic material portions) and a peel rate of approximately 50 mm / min. The evaluation results are summarized in Tables 4 and 5 below. In Tables 4 and 5, the unit of adhesion is MPa.

[0294] [Table 4]

[0295]

[0296] [Table 5]

[0297]

[0298] Test Example 6.

[0299] A specimen was manufactured by cutting the joint between the metal plate and the plastic plate in the composite material of Example 1. The specimen was manufactured with a horizontal length of about 12.5 mm and a vertical length of about 9 mm.

[0300] Subsequently, as Figure 15 As shown, the sample is placed on a platform S with an angle A. This placement is such that the metal plate 200 of the sample is positioned closer to platform S than the plastic plate 100. Angle A is approximately 30 degrees. Then, as... Figure 15 As shown, light source L is used to direct the light at an incident angle of approximately 30 degrees.Figure 15 A1) is incident on the surface of the plastic plate 100 of the test sample.

[0301] As the light source L, an LED illuminating device that emits infrared light having a wavelength of about 1550 nm was used.

[0302] When the light incident from the light source L is reflected by the metal plate 200, the reflected light is received by the NIR (near infrared) camera N. A NIR (near infrared) polarizing plate (Edmund Optics, #12-475) P is positioned in the path of the reflected light, whereby the reflected light is transmitted through the polarizing plate and then received by the NIR camera N. The NIR polarizing plate P and the NIR camera N are positioned so that the reflected light is transmitted and received at an angle of about 30 degrees (angle B in Figure 15 ) based on the surface of the test sample. The distance (L1 in Figure 15 ) from the light source to the light incident point of the test sample was set to about 11 cm, the distance (L2 in Figure 15 ) from the reflection point to the polarizing plate P was set to about 15 cm, and the distance (L3 in Figure 15 ) from the polarizing plate P to the camera N was set to about 2 cm. As the NIR camera N, ABA-003VIR by Aval Global was used.

[0303] By this type of imaging, the ABA-003VIR provided an evaluation result of the gray scale as shown in Figure 16 . In Figure 16 , the pixels on the x-axis correspond to each point of the test sample in the horizontal direction. That is, for example, Figure 16 , the 0 point of the pixels on the x-axis can correspond to the leftmost point of the test sample in the horizontal direction, and the 80 point can correspond to the rightmost point in the horizontal direction.

[0304] Using the Origin program, if the gray scale chart as in Figure 16 is twice differentiated, a gray scale chart as in Figure 17 can be obtained. In the obtained twice differentiated result, by specifying the surface between the two points having the highest gray scale (or the point having the highest gray scale and the point having the second highest gray scale) as the effective joint surface, and calculating the average of the chart within the effective joint surface, G a is obtained.

[0305] A reference sample was manufactured alone. The reference sample was manufactured by cutting plastic sheets and metal sheets identical to the plastic sheets and metal sheets used in the examples to have a horizontal length of about 12.5 mm or so and a vertical length of about 9 mm or so, and then simply laminating the cut plastic sheets and metal sheets. That is, the reference sample was not subjected to a heating, pressurizing, and cooling process. Lamination was performed so that the laser-processed surface of the metal sheet was in contact with the plastic sheet.

[0306] For the reference sample, a gray scale image was obtained using ABA-003VIR in the same manner as in the measurement of the sample, and a second differential gray scale image was obtained using the Origin program, and then in the obtained second differential result, the surface between the two points with the highest gray scale (or the point with the highest gray scale and the point with the next highest gray scale) was designated as the effective joining surface, and the average of the image within the effective joining surface was calculated to obtain G u .

[0307] The obtained gray scale average G a and G u and the shading ratio G R obtained by substituting the average into the equation G a =1-G u / G R are summarized and described in Table 6 below.

[0308] Table 6 shows the results of measuring G a , G u , and G R for the composite material of Example 1 three times in total.

[0309] [Table 6]

[0310]

[0311] Figure 18 is a graph obtained by measuring the shading ratio G R of each composite material and comparing the results with the bonding force to summarize the relationship. From the graph of Figure 18 , it can be determined that the shading ratio G R and the bonding force are proportional to each other. In the graph of Figure 18 , when the shading ratio is x and the bonding force is y, the relationship between the two is approximately y = 273.13x - 16.015, and the consistency between the data and the trend line was determined to be high, R 2 is about 0.8727.

Claims

1. A composite material comprising a plastic plate and a metal plate bonded to each other, wherein a Per pattern is formed on a surface of the metal plate that is in contact with the plastic plate, the Per includes a groove that is recessed downward based on the surface of the metal plate and a burr that is protruded upward, and a sum of a height of the burr and a depth of the groove is in a range of 110 μm to 180 μm. 2.The composite material according to claim 1, wherein one or both of the plastic plate and the metal plate has a concave-convex shape, and an internal space is formed at a bonding interface between the plastic plate and the metal plate by the concave-convex shape. 3.The composite material according to claim 1, wherein a ratio of an area of the metal plate on which the Per pattern is formed with respect to an area of the metal plate that is in contact with the plastic plate is 70% or more. 4.The composite material according to claim 1, wherein a ratio of a depth of the groove to a height of the burr is in a range of 1.0 to 6. 5.The composite material according to claim 1, wherein a ratio of a width of the groove to a depth of the groove is in a range of 0.5 to 2.

5. 6.The composite material according to claim 1, wherein the height of the burr is 10 μm or more. 7.The composite material according to claim 1, wherein the depth of the groove is 50 μm or more. 8.The composite material according to claim 1, wherein the plastic plate has an edge formed along a first direction, wherein an average of tensile fracture strengths of an upper end portion, a middle portion, and a lower end portion defined by tri-sectioning the plastic plate along a direction perpendicular to the edge along the first direction is 60 MPa or more, and wherein a standard deviation of the tensile fracture strengths of the upper end portion, the middle portion, and the lower end portion is 10 or less. 9.The composite material according to claim 1, wherein the plastic plate has a concave-convex shape; an average of tensile fracture strengths of concave regions and convex regions in the concave-convex shape is 50 MPa or more; and a deviation of the tensile fracture strengths of the concave regions and the convex regions is 10% or less. 10.The composite material according to claim 2, wherein the internal space is configured to form a flow passage through which a fluid is movable, and the bonding surface of the plastic plate and the metal plate includes an outer bonding surface outside the flow passage and a plurality of inner bonding surfaces inside the flow passage. 11.The composite material according to claim 10, wherein the inner bonding surfaces are formed so that the fluid is divided by the inner bonding surfaces and then re-converges in a course of fluid movement. 12.The composite material according to claim 10, wherein R1 of the following Equation 2 is in a range of 2 to 90, and R2 of the following Equation 3 is in a range of 95 to 500: [Equation 2] R1 = A1 / A2 [Equation 3] R2 = A1 / A3 wherein A1 is the entire area of the flow passage, A2 is the total area of the inner joint surfaces, and A3 is the area of a single inner joint surface.

13. The composite material according to claim 10, wherein R3 of Equation 4 below is in the range of 1 to 50: [Equation 4] R3 = L 2 / A3 wherein, L is the interval between the inner joint surfaces, and A3 is the area of a single inner joint surface.

14. The composite material according to claim 10, wherein the ratio (AT / AA) of the entire area (AT) of the composite material with respect to the total area (AA) of the outer joint surface and the inner joint surface is in the range of 1.5 to 50.

15. A method of manufacturing a composite material by joining a plastic plate and a metal plate, comprising heating and pressing a laminate of the plastic plate and the metal plate, wherein the heating is performed to satisfy Condition 1 below: [Condition 1] 0.35 x Tg < T P < Tg < T I < Tm wherein T P T is the temperature of the plastic sheet of the laminate measured at the time of heating, Tg is the glass transition temperature of the resin component of the plastic sheet, T I is the interface temperature of the metal sheet and the plastic sheet measured at the time of heating, and Tm is the melting temperature of the metal sheet.

16. The method of manufacturing a composite material according to claim 15, wherein the heating is performed so that the ratio Tg / T P of Tg P is 2 or less in condition 1.

17. The method of manufacturing a composite material according to claim 15, wherein the pressurizing is performed at a pressure in the range of 7000 gf / cm 2 to 11000 gf / cm 2 .

18. The method of manufacturing a composite material according to claim 15, wherein the process of the heating and the pressing includes: a first step of heating the laminate of the plastic plate and the metal plate; and a second step of pressing the laminate after the first step.

19. The method of manufacturing a composite material according to claim 18, wherein the second step is performed in a state satisfying Condition 1.

20. The method of manufacturing a composite material according to claim 16, further performing cooling of the laminate after the process of the heating and the pressing, wherein the cooling is performed under the condition that ΔP of Equation 5 below is 200% to 400%: [Equation 5] ΔP = 100 x (P2 - P3) / P3 wherein P2 is the pressure applied to the laminate in the process of the pressing before the cooling, and P3 is the pressure applied to the laminate in the process of the cooling.

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