Two-dimensional ultrasonic elliptical vibration device with movable cutter angle

Abstract

The invention discloses a two-dimensional ultrasonic elliptical vibration device with an adjustable cutter angle, and the device achieves the functions through the following innovative design: an ultrasonic tool system is integrated on a circular ring structure, two ultrasonic vibrators are mutually perpendicular to each other in spatial position, a cutter is directly mounted at the end part of the vertical ultrasonic vibrator, and the cutter angle is adjustable. A set screw is used for stable locking, so that the operation precision is ensured; the angle of the cutter can be flexibly adjusted according to machining requirements to form a variable elliptical output motion trail; by means of the design, the practicability and efficiency of the device in machine tool machining are remarkably improved, the device is particularly suitable for scenes such as complex plane treatment and micromachining, the cutting performance can be optimized, vibration interference can be reduced, and higher operation flexibility is provided for diversified workpieces.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of mechanical manufacturing technology, specifically relating to a two-dimensional ultrasonic elliptical vibration device with movable tool angle. Background Technology

[0002] Ultrasonic elliptical vibration turning technology is widely used in existing machining methods, such as in machining difficult-to-machine materials and precision machining. This cutting technology not only solves traditional machining problems, but also shows many unique advantages: reduced cutting force, improved machining accuracy, and improved surface roughness level. Therefore, it is widely used in the machining of various difficult-to-machine materials in aerospace, military and other fields.

[0003] However, existing ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting devices generally have a key limitation: insufficient adaptability to machining multi-plane workpieces; when machining different planes, it is often necessary to frequently adjust the clamping position of the workpiece, which is cumbersome and inefficient; some complex planes are difficult to machine even after reclamping, resulting in numerous difficulties in the entire machining process and high time costs.

[0004] To address the above problems, this invention provides a two-dimensional ultrasonic elliptical vibration machining device to solve the issues of low machining efficiency and poor surface quality in traditional turning processes. This device can adjust the position of the cutting tool according to different planes being machined, making it more adaptable. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem solved by this invention is to provide a two-dimensional ultrasonic elliptical vibration device with a movable cutting tool angle.

[0006] A two-dimensional ultrasonic elliptical vibration device with movable tool angle includes a central support wheel (1), an upper outer ring (2), a lower outer ring (3), a balance wheel (4), an ultrasonic tool system (5), a connecting device (6), a tool connecting device (7), a tool device (8), bolts (9), and nuts (10). The ultrasonic tool system (5) is fixed to the connecting device (6) by bolts. The connecting device (6) is held in the middle by the central support wheel and the upper and lower rings. The upper and lower rings (2) and (3) are connected by bolts (9). The two rings have a certain tolerance so that the entire connecting device (6) can be firmly held when the connecting bolts (9) of the upper and lower rings are tightened. Since the entire device is equivalent to an annular channel, the bottom of the connecting device (6) is a wheel-shaped structure that can move arbitrarily in the annular channel. The ultrasonic device (5) is connected to the tool connecting device (6) through a special three-hole connecting block. Therefore, the rotation of the connecting device can drive the rotation of the tool angle, thereby realizing the processing of different planes.

[0007] Furthermore, the ultrasonic tool system (5) includes two ultrasonic transducers; each ultrasonic transducer includes a flanged conical amplitude transformer (504), a rear cover plate (501), a piezoelectric ceramic plate (502), and a transducer (503). The flanged conical amplitude transformer (504), the rear cover plate (501), the piezoelectric ceramic plate (502), and the transducer (503) are connected in sequence by connecting bolts (9). The two ultrasonic transducers are each connected to a corresponding rated power amplifier by wires. Further still, each of the ultrasonic transducers... The oscillator consists of four piezoelectric ceramic plates (502), which alternate between positive and negative. The negative plate is adjacent to the back cover plate (501). The two negative piezoelectric ceramic plates (502) are connected to the negative terminal of the power amplifier via wires, and the two positive piezoelectric ceramic plates (502) are connected to the positive terminal of the power amplifier via wires. One oscillator acts on the X-axis and the other on the Z-axis. The X-axis is the major axis and the Z-axis is the minor axis. The two oscillators always remain perpendicular to each other, and when they vibrate simultaneously, the tool can maintain elliptical vibration output.

[0008] Furthermore, the connecting device (6) includes a T-block (602) and a rotating wheel (601). The T-block (602) is connected to the ultrasonic vibration device (5) by bolts (9) and nuts (10), and the T-block (602) is connected to the rotating wheel (601) by bolts (9). In order to prevent the vibration from being tightened slightly during the installation process, which would cause the vibration to fail to align with the hole of the normal T-block and thus cause installation failure, the original hole is changed to an arc shape and arranged with a circle as the trajectory. The bolt connection is changed to a bolt and nut connection, which can avoid device failure due to installation error.

[0009] Furthermore, the cutting tool connecting device (7) and the cutting tool device (8) are connected by bolts (9). The cutting tool connecting device (7) is actually a three-hole mold. The holes on the top and right sides correspond to the threaded holes of the vibrator, so that the vibrator can be connected by tightening. A threaded hole is drilled horizontally at the bottom for connection with the cutting tool fixing device. The cutting tool device (8) is connected by the cutting tool and the cutting tool fixing device. The cutting tool is fixed on the cutting tool fixing device by bolt tightening.

[0010] Furthermore, because the two oscillators of the balance wheel (4) are always in a mutually perpendicular state, the entire clamping device will fail when the two oscillators move to the upper outer ring (2) or the lower outer ring (3) at the same time. This requires the balance wheel (4) to move to the other half of the outer ring to ensure that the entire device can be clamped without failure.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The core of this two-dimensional ultrasonic elliptical vibration device with adjustable tool angle lies in achieving 360° continuous stepless orientation adjustment of the tool and stable and controllable elliptical vibration output. Its working mechanism is as follows: An integrated circular ring base structure serves as the core support and rotation platform, integrating two spatially orthogonally arranged ultrasonic transducers. The tool is rigidly locked to the output end face of the vertical transducer by high-precision set screws, ensuring direct vibration transmission and operational stability. When an electrical signal of specific frequency, phase, and amplitude is applied, the two transducers respectively excite high-frequency micro-amplitude linear simple harmonic vibrations in the X and Z axes, which are then superimposed at the tool tip to synthesize an ultrasonic elliptical motion trajectory with variable size, shape, and direction. The core innovation of the device is that the entire circular ring base (including the dual transducer system) can rotate 360° around its central axis, thereby flexibly adjusting the tool's orientation angle. This unique design allows the direction of the synthesized elliptical vibration trajectory to dynamically change even when the tool's installation relationship relative to the vertical transducer is fixed, significantly overcoming the bottleneck of limited angle adjustment in traditional designs, while perfectly maintaining the stability and controllability of the vibration, providing high adaptability for complex precision machining scenarios. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Figure 1 This is a front view of a two-dimensional ultrasonic elliptical vibration device with a movable cutting tool angle.

[0013] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an ultrasonic transducer.

[0014] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the entire ultrasonic tool system and its connecting devices.

[0015] Figure 4 This is an enlarged view of the T-shaped block.

[0016] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cutting tool section.

[0017] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping part of the entire device.

[0018] Figure 7 This is a diagram of the tool's angle movement trajectory. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The implementation scheme and working process of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] Please refer to Figure 1 As shown, a two-dimensional ultrasonic elliptical vibration device with adjustable tool angle has core components including a central support wheel (1), an upper outer ring (2), a lower outer ring (3), a balance wheel (4), an ultrasonic tool system (5), a connecting device (6), a tool connecting device (7), a tool device (8), and corresponding fasteners (bolts (9) and nuts (10)).

[0021] Please refer to Figure 1 The ultrasonic tool system (5) is fixed to the connecting device (6) by bolts; the connecting device (6) is constrained in the annular channel formed by the central support wheel (1), the upper outer ring (2), and the lower outer ring (3); the upper and lower outer rings are fastened together by bolts (9), and there is a specific tolerance design between them; when the connecting bolts (9) are tightened, the upper and lower outer rings (2) (3) can apply a stable clamping force to the connecting device (6) by utilizing this tolerance, and achieve fastening constraint; the bottom of the connecting device (6) is designed as a wheel-shaped structure, which, thanks to the configuration of the annular channel, gives it circumferential freedom in the channel and allows it to rotate flexibly; the ultrasonic tool system (5) and the tool connecting device (7) are linked by a special three-hole connecting block; therefore, when the connecting device (6) rotates in the annular channel, the rotational motion is transmitted to the tool connecting device (7) through the three-hole connecting block, and finally drives the angle of the tool device (8) to change accordingly; this design realizes the dynamic adjustment of the tool processing angle, so as to adapt to the needs of different processing planes.

[0022] Please refer to Figure 2 As shown, the ultrasonic tool system (5) includes two ultrasonic transducers; each ultrasonic transducer consists of a conical amplitude transformer (504) with a flange, a rear cover plate (501), a piezoelectric ceramic plate (502) and a transducer (503), and is connected in sequence by connecting bolts (9); the two ultrasonic transducers are connected to the corresponding power amplifiers by wires; specifically, each ultrasonic transducer includes four piezoelectric ceramic plates (502) with alternating polarities; the piezoelectric ceramic plate adjacent to the rear cover plate (501) is the negative pole; within the same transducer, two negative piezoelectric ceramic plates (502) are connected to the negative pole of the power amplifier, and two positive piezoelectric ceramic plates (502) are connected to the positive pole of the power amplifier; the two transducers act on the mutually perpendicular X-axis (major axis) and Z-axis (minor axis); when the two are excited to vibrate at the same time, their combined motion drives the tool to generate an elliptical vibration trajectory output.

[0023] Please refer to Figures 3 to 4As shown, the connecting device (6) consists of a T-block (602) and a rotating wheel (601); the T-block (602) is fixedly connected to the ultrasonic vibration device (5) by bolts (9) and nuts (10); the T-block (602) and the rotating wheel (601) are connected by bolts (9); in order to avoid the slight deviation caused by tightening during the installation of the ultrasonic vibration device (5) causing the installation hole position to be misaligned with the standard hole position of the T-block (602), thereby affecting the installation reliability, the original fixed hole position on the T-block (602) is changed to an arc-shaped long hole arranged along the arc trajectory; the connection method between the T-block (602) and the rotating wheel (601) is adjusted to bolts (9) and nuts (10) for locking; the arc-shaped long hole design allows the connecting bolts (9) to have a certain range of position adjustment during installation, thereby effectively absorbing the position error during the installation process, ensuring the connection reliability, and avoiding device failure due to hole position deviation.

[0024] Please refer to Figure 5 As shown, the tool connecting device (7) and the tool device (8) are fixedly connected by bolts (9); the tool connecting device (7) is essentially a specially made three-hole connecting block: threaded holes are opened on its upper surface and right side respectively, which are used to directly fix the ultrasonic transducer by bolts; its lower side is designed with horizontal threaded holes, which are used to connect the tool fixing device; the tool device (8) consists of a tool and its fixing device. The tool is reliably fixed on the tool fixing device by bolt clamping to ensure processing stability.

[0025] Please refer to Figure 6 As shown, since the two ultrasonic transducers always maintain a spatial configuration that is perpendicular to each other, when they move to the same outer ring area (i.e., the upper outer ring (2) or the lower outer ring (3)) at the same time, the clamping force acting on the outer ring will become unbalanced instantly. At this time, the locking device will not be able to effectively maintain the stable clamping of the connecting device (6), that is, the clamping failure will occur. In order to prevent this failure, the balance wheel (4) is designed to be dynamically adjustable: when the transducer moves to the same side and the clamping force of the outer ring on one side is insufficient, the balance wheel (4) needs to move synchronously to the outer ring area on the other side. This measure provides a reverse support force through the balance wheel (4) to compensate for the possible missing clamping force, thereby ensuring that the entire locking device can always maintain a reliable constraint state and avoid clamping failure caused by the synchronicity of the transducer position.

[0026] The working principle of this invention is as follows: The ultrasonic tool system (5) is fixed to the connecting device (6) by bolts; the connecting device (6) is constrained in the annular channel formed by the central support wheel (1), the upper outer ring (2), and the lower outer ring (3); the upper and lower outer rings are connected by bolts (9), and there is a specific design tolerance between them; when the connecting bolts (9) are tightened, the upper and lower outer rings (2) (3) can apply a stable clamping force to the connecting device (6) using this tolerance, so as to achieve fastening; the bottom of the connecting device (6) is designed as a wheel-shaped structure, so that it can rotate flexibly in the annular channel; the ultrasonic tool system (5) is linked with the tool connecting device (7) through a special three-hole connecting block, and then works in coordination with the connecting device (6); therefore, rotating the connecting device (6) can drive the tool connecting device (7) and the tool device (8) to adjust their spatial angles synchronously; the ultrasonic tool system (5) is started when processing begins. The oscillator drives the ultrasonic tool system (5) to generate vertical vibration; this vibration, in conjunction with a specific design, is ultimately synthesized at the tool device (8) into the required two-dimensional elliptical vibration trajectory for cutting the workpiece plane; when different planes need to be processed, stop the ultrasonic oscillator and loosen the locking bolt (9); rotate the ultrasonic tool system (5) and the connecting device (6) in the annular channel; this rotation drives the tool device (8) to rotate synchronously (clockwise or counterclockwise) through the linkage mechanism (three-hole connecting block, tool connecting device (7)); it should be noted that the balance wheel (4) should be rotated synchronously during the adjustment process and made to finally stabilize at the bisector of the angle between the two ultrasonic oscillators to maintain the dynamic balance of the system; after adjusting to the target angle, tighten the locking bolt (9); then resume processing, start the ultrasonic oscillator, and use the newly set tool angle to perform elliptical vibration processing on another workpiece plane.

Claims

1. A two-dimensional ultrasonic elliptical vibration device with a movable tool angle, comprising a center support wheel (1), an upper outer ring (2), a lower outer ring (3), a balance wheel (4), an ultrasonic tool system (5), a connecting device (6), a tool connecting device (7), a tool device (8), a bolt (9), and a nut (10), characterized in that The ultrasonic tool system (5) is fixed on the connecting device (6) by bolt connection, the connecting device (6) is clamped in the middle by the center support circle and the upper and lower rings, the upper and lower rings (2) (3) are connected by bolts (9), the two rings have a certain tolerance, so that the whole connecting device (6) can be clamped tightly when the connecting bolts (9) of the upper and lower rings are tightened, and since the whole device is equivalent to an annular channel, the bottom of the connecting device (6) is a wheel structure, which can move arbitrarily in the annular channel, and the ultrasonic device (5) and the connecting device (6) of the cutter are connected through a special three-hole connecting block, so that the rotation of the connecting device can drive the rotation of the cutter angle, thereby realizing the machining of different planes.

2. The ultrasonic tool system (5) according to claim 1 comprises two ultrasonic transducers; each ultrasonic transducer comprises a flange plate conical amplitude rod (504), a back cover plate (501), a piezoelectric ceramic sheet (502), and a transducer (503), which are connected in sequence by connecting bolts (9); the two ultrasonic transducers are respectively connected to a corresponding power amplifier through wires; further, each ultrasonic transducer comprises four piezoelectric ceramic sheets (502), which are arranged alternately in positive and negative, and the negative piezoelectric ceramic sheets are adjacent to the back cover plate (501); the two negative piezoelectric ceramic sheets (502) are connected and connected to the negative pole of the power amplifier through wires, and the two positive piezoelectric ceramic sheets (502) are connected and connected to the positive pole of the power amplifier through wires; one of the two transducers acts on the X-axis, and the other acts on the Z-axis, the X-axis is the major axis, and the Z-axis is the minor axis, the two transducers always maintain a perpendicular state, and when vibrating simultaneously, the cutter can maintain elliptical vibration output.

3. The connecting device (6) according to claim 1 comprises a T-shaped block (602) and a rotating wheel (601), the T-shaped block (602) is connected to the ultrasonic vibration device (5) through bolts (9) and nuts (10), and the T-shaped block (602) is connected to the rotating wheel (601) through bolts (9); in order to prevent some errors in the installation process of the transducer, which may cause the transducer and the hole of the normal T-shaped block to be misaligned and cause installation failure, the original hole is changed into an arc shape, and the bolts are connected to the nuts, which can avoid the failure of the device caused by installation errors.

4. The cutter connecting device (7) and the cutter device (8) are connected by bolts (9), the cutter connecting device (7) is actually a three-hole mold, the upper and right holes correspond to the thread holes of the transducer, so that the transducer can be connected by tightening, and the lower hole is a horizontal thread hole for connecting with the cutter fixing device; the cutter device (8) is connected by the cutter and the cutter fixing device, and the cutter is fixed on the cutter fixing device by bolt compression.

5. The balanced wheel (4) according to claim 1, because the two oscillators are always perpendicular to each other, when the two oscillators move to the upper outer ring (2) or the lower outer ring (3) at the same time, the entire tightening device will fail, which requires the balanced wheel (4) to move to the other half of the outer ring to ensure that the entire device can be tightened without failure.

6. The two-dimensional ultrasonic elliptical vibration device with movable tool angle is suitable for the application scene of large part surface turning process. It does not need complicated steps to change the angle of the tool to process the surface not in the horizontal plane, and can improve the efficiency and quality of turning operation.

Images