An in-situ reaction for the preparation of GdB x Preparation methods and applications of Al composite materials

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of neutron shielding materials technology, specifically relating to an in-situ reaction preparation of GdB. x Preparation method and application of GdB / Al composite materials. This invention discloses an in-situ reaction method for preparing GdB. x The preparation method of / Al composite material includes the following steps: S1, melting pure aluminum to obtain a molten metal; heating the molten metal to 800~1300℃ and adding aluminum-boron alloy and rare earth materials to react, obtaining a reaction melt; S2, adding a refining agent to the reaction melt and stirring; then removing the slag from the surface of the reaction melt and casting it into a mold to obtain GdB. x / Al composite materials. The composite materials prepared by this method have superior physical properties and structural integrity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of neutron shielding materials technology, specifically relating to an in-situ reaction preparation of GdB. x Preparation methods and applications of Al composite materials. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of science and technology, people's demand for energy is increasing day by day. Over-reliance on traditional energy sources such as coal and oil has not only led to the rapid depletion of resources but also exacerbated environmental pollution, prompting us to seek cleaner and more efficient energy solutions. Nuclear energy, as a low-carbon emission, high-energy-density alternative energy source, has shown great potential in alleviating energy shortages and addressing climate change.

[0003] However, the development of nuclear energy has also brought new challenges, especially the safe handling of spent fuel. Spent fuel is the nuclear material remaining after a nuclear power plant has been operational; it is highly radioactive and pyrolytic, requiring special management and disposal methods. The current mainstream approach is to temporarily store spent fuel, awaiting technological advancements to find a safer permanent disposal solution. Ensuring the safety of spent fuel during storage is crucial, particularly preventing potential threats to the environment and public health from radiation leaks. This necessitates high-performance neutron shielding materials to provide a reliable protective barrier.

[0004] To meet this need, those skilled in the art are exploring novel materials that combine high strength with excellent neutron absorption properties. Ideally, such materials should possess a high neutron absorption cross-section and sufficient toughness to ensure stability and safety under extreme conditions. Boron (B) and gadolinium (Gd) are renowned for their outstanding neutron absorption characteristics. Combining compounds of these two elements with aluminum could lead to the development of composite materials that combine structural strength and functional properties for efficient neutron radiation shielding.

[0005] Currently, the main method for preparing this ceramic-metal composite material relies on powder metallurgy. While feasible, this method's complexity and high cost limit its large-scale application. Therefore, researchers are working to find simpler and more economical preparation methods to achieve GdB. x The large-scale production and practical application of Al composite materials. Such innovations not only help solve the challenges in nuclear waste management, but also pave the way for the sustainable development of the nuclear energy industry. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned shortcomings in existing technologies, this invention designs an in-situ reaction method for preparing GdB. x Preparation methods and applications of Al composite materials.

[0007] One objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0008] An in-situ reaction for the preparation of GdB x The preparation method of Al composite material includes the following steps:

[0009] S1. Pure aluminum is smelted and completely melted to obtain a molten metal. The molten metal is heated to 800~1300℃ and aluminum-boron alloy Al-B and rare earth materials are added to react and obtain a reactive melt.

[0010] The amount of rare earth material added is 0.1~30.0 wt% of the mass of pure aluminum;

[0011] The rare earth material is elemental gadolinium and / or a gadolinium-containing alloy;

[0012] S2. Add the refining agent to the reaction melt from step S1 and stir; then remove the slag from the surface of the reaction melt and cast it into a mold to obtain GdB. x / Al composite material.

[0013] Preferably, in step S1, the pure aluminum is pure aluminum ingot, and the content of impurity elements in the pure aluminum ingot is 0.1~0.4wt% by mass percentage, with the remainder being Al; the impurity elements include one or more of Si, Fe, and Cu.

[0014] Preferably, in step S1, pure aluminum is smelted at 700~800℃.

[0015] Further optimization involves smelting pure aluminum at 730~760℃.

[0016] Preferably, in step S1, the molten metal is heated to 830~1300℃ and then aluminum-boron alloy and rare earth materials are added and reacted for 15~120min. During the reaction, the mixture is stirred for 1~5min at a speed of 60~120r / min every 10~20min.

[0017] Further optimization involves heating the molten metal to 900~1200℃ and then adding aluminum-boron alloy and rare earth materials to react for 20~60 minutes.

[0018] Preferably, in step S1, the content of B in the aluminum-boron alloy is 1.0~20.0 wt% by mass percentage, and the remainder is Al.

[0019] Further optimization reveals that, by mass percentage, the aluminum-boron alloy contains 3.0~8.0 wt% B, with the remainder being Al.

[0020] Preferably, in step S1, the amount of aluminum-boron alloy added is 0.1 to 85.0 wt% of the mass of pure aluminum.

[0021] More preferably, the amount of aluminum-boron alloy added is 10.0~50.0 wt% of the mass of pure aluminum.

[0022] Preferably, in step S1, the rare earth material includes one or more of Gd, GdH2, and Gd2O3.

[0023] Further preferred, the rare earth material is Gd2O3.

[0024] Preferably, in step S1, the rare earth material is added in the form of powder, and the particle size of the powder is 1~50μm.

[0025] Preferably, in step S1, the amount of rare earth material added is 1.0 to 20.0 wt% of the mass of pure aluminum.

[0026] Further optimization involves adding rare earth materials at a rate of 3.0 to 15.0 wt% of the mass of pure aluminum.

[0027] Preferably, in step S2, the refining agent is placed in a graphite bell jar, and then the graphite bell jar is placed 10-100 mm below the surface of the reaction melt and stirred for 5-30 minutes, and then allowed to stand at 830-1300℃ for 5-30 minutes.

[0028] Preferably, in step S2, the amount of refining agent added is 0.1 to 1 wt% of the mass of the reaction melt.

[0029] Further optimization involves adding a refining agent at a rate of 0.1 to 0.5 wt% of the mass of the reaction melt.

[0030] Preferably, in step S2, the casting mold is made of steel or graphite.

[0031] Preferably, in step S2, GdB x / Al composite material contains GdB x Aluminum-based composite material with particles, where 0 < x ≤ 12.

[0032] Further preferred, the GdB x For GdB2, GdB4, GdB6, GdB 12 One or more of them.

[0033] Further preferred, the GdB x GdB in Al composites x The mass of the composite material is 0.1 to 30.0 wt%.

[0034] Furthermore, the GdB x GdB in Al composites x The mass is 1 to 15 wt% of the total mass of the composite material.

[0035] Preferably, the GdB x The preparation method of / Al composite material also includes post-processing, which includes: extrusion molding and / or rolling deformation;

[0036] The extrusion ratio used in the extrusion molding process is greater than 10:1;

[0037] The deformation during rolling is greater than 30%.

[0038] Further preferred, the GdB x The / Al composite material undergoes post-processing, which includes sequential extrusion molding and rolling deformation.

[0039] Furthermore, the GdB x / Al composite material is extruded into an extruded sheet at an extrusion ratio of (16~25):1; the extruded sheet is then rolled to deform the sheet by a deformation of 40~60%.

[0040] The second objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0041] A type of GdB x / Al composite material, which is prepared by the above method.

[0042] Preferably, the GdB x The neutron shielding performance of the Al composite material is ≥99.5%.

[0043] Preferably, the GdB x / Al composite material contains GdB x Aluminum-based composite material with particles, wherein 0 < x ≤ 12.

[0044] Further preferred, the GdB x For GdB2, GdB4, GdB6, GdB 12 One or more of them.

[0045] Further preferred, the GdB x GdB in Al composites x The mass of the composite material is 0.1 to 30.0 wt%.

[0046] Furthermore, the GdB x GdB in Al composites x The mass is 1 to 15 wt% of the total mass of the composite material.

[0047] The third objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0048] A type of GdB x Applications of Al composite materials in neutron shielding materials and the nuclear industry.

[0049] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0050] 1. This invention provides an in-situ reaction method for preparing GdB. x The preparation method of / Al composite material innovatively adopts pure aluminum, aluminum-boron alloy and rare earth materials to generate GdB in situ in aluminum melt. x / Al composite materials simplify the process and effectively improve production efficiency; replacing traditional ball milling and sintering steps, it not only significantly simplifies the production process and reduces complex operations and multi-step processing, but also increases GdB x The particles can be evenly distributed in the molten aluminum, thereby improving production efficiency and product quality consistency.

[0051] 2. This invention provides an in-situ reaction method for preparing GdB. x In the preparation method of / Al composite materials, due to GdB x The particles spontaneously precipitate in the molten aluminum and achieve uniform distribution through liquid-phase mass transfer, resulting in a composite material with superior physical properties and structural integrity. This not only enhances the material's mechanical strength but also ensures its high absorption performance required for neutron shielding, providing a more reliable option for nuclear industry applications.

[0052] 3. This invention provides an in-situ reaction method for preparing GdB. x In the preparation method of / Al composite materials, the GdB gap is filled. x This invention fills the gap in mass production technology for Al composite materials, providing a feasible solution for large-scale production. The preparation method of this invention reduces production costs and increases output, which helps meet the market demand for high-efficiency neutron shielding materials, thereby promoting technological progress and development in related industries.

[0053] 4. This invention relies on the technological advantages of in-situ reaction casting, and the melting and casting process can be seamlessly connected with extrusion and / or rolling processes to achieve rapid preparation of profiles such as pipes and plates, while further optimizing the microstructure and properties of the materials. Attached Figure Description

[0054] Figure 1 GdB prepared in Example 1 of this invention x GdB in Al composites x Distribution diagram in Al matrix;

[0055] Figure 2 GdB prepared in Example 1 of this invention x / Al composite materials in Figure 1 EDS analysis diagram of point A in the diagram. Detailed Implementation

[0056] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, the accompanying drawings used herein are merely for better illustrating the content disclosed in the present invention and do not limit the scope of protection. It should also be understood that after reading the teachings of this invention, those skilled in the art can make various modifications or alterations to the invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

[0057] In this paper, GdB is prepared by in-situ reaction. x The preparation method of Al composite material includes the following steps:

[0058] S1. Pure aluminum is smelted at 700~800℃ until it is completely melted to obtain a molten metal; the molten metal is heated to 830~1300℃ and aluminum-boron alloy and rare earth materials are added to react and obtain a reactive melt.

[0059] The amount of aluminum-boron alloy added is 0.1~85.0 wt% of the mass of pure aluminum.

[0060] The amount of rare earth materials added is 0.1~30.0 wt% of the mass of pure aluminum;

[0061] Rare earth materials include one or more of Gd, GdH2, and Gd2O3;

[0062] S2. Add 0.1~0.5wt% refining agent to the reaction melt and stir; then remove the slag from the surface of the reaction melt and cast it into a mold to obtain GdB. x / Al composite material.

[0063] In this paper, excessive addition of aluminum-boron alloys and rare-earth materials may lead to the enrichment of boron or rare-earth elements in the system, causing the reaction products to deviate from the target phase ratio, resulting in excessive brittle compounds (such as AlB2) and unreacted Gd2O3 residual phases, thereby reducing the material's strength and toughness. Furthermore, excessive addition does not linearly improve neutron shielding performance; on the contrary, the agglomeration of the reinforcing phase or the increase of brittle phases can cause uneven neutron scattering paths, forming inefficient shielding regions and thus reducing the actual shielding effect.

[0064] The raw materials used in this article include:

[0065] Pure aluminum, Beijing Gaoke New Materials Co., Ltd., Al99.7 industrial pure aluminum ingot, its specific elemental composition is 0.20Fe, 0.15Si, 0.02Cu, 0.03Mg, 0.03Mn, 0.04Zn (wt.%), with the balance being Al;

[0066] Refining agent: Shenzhen Ruibao Industrial Co., Ltd., RJ-1 type refining agent.

[0067] In this paper, the performance testing standards include: yield strength, tensile strength, and elongation are tested according to ASTM E8 / E8M-15a standards; neutron shielding efficiency is tested under the conditions of neutron energy of 0.025 eV and material thickness of 30 mm.

[0068] Example 1

[0069] This embodiment prepares GdB via in-situ reaction. x The method for producing Al composite materials includes the following steps:

[0070] S1. Melt 300g of pure aluminum at 740℃ until it is completely melted to obtain a molten metal. Heat the molten metal to 1000℃ and add 112g of Al-8.0wt%B alloy and 36.1g of Gd2O3 powder (30μm). React for 30 min. During the reaction, stir with a graphite stirring rod at a speed of 60r / min for 1 min every 15 min to obtain a reaction melt.

[0071] S2. After the reaction melt from step S1 has fully reacted, 1g of refining agent is placed in a graphite bell jar. The graphite bell jar is then placed 50mm below the surface of the reaction melt and stirred for 5 minutes. The mixture is then allowed to stand at 1000℃ for 5 minutes. The slag on the surface of the reaction melt is removed using a slag remover and then cast into a graphite mold to obtain the GdB4 / Al composite material.

[0072] In this embodiment, the mass of GdB4 in the GdB4 / Al composite material is 6 wt% of the total mass of the composite material.

[0073] Figure 1 GdB prepared in Example 1 of this invention x GdB in Al composites x Distribution diagram in Al matrix. Figure 2 GdB prepared in Example 1 of this invention x / Al composite materials in Figure 1 The EDS analysis plot at point A shows that GdB4 particles were generated in situ in the aluminum-based material in this embodiment, successfully preparing the GdB4 / Al composite material.

[0074] The properties of the GdB4 / Al composite material in this embodiment are shown in Table 1.

[0075] Example 2

[0076] This embodiment prepares GdB via in-situ reaction. x The method for producing Al composite materials includes the following steps:

[0077] S1. Proceed according to step S1 of Example 1; the difference is that 52.5g of Al-8.0wt%B alloy and 11.44g of Gd2O3 powder (30μm) are added.

[0078] S2. Proceed according to step S2 of Example 1 to obtain GdB6 / Al composite material;

[0079] In this embodiment, the mass of GdB6 in the GdB6 / Al composite material is 3 wt% of the total mass of the composite material.

[0080] The properties of the GdB4 / Al composite material in this embodiment are shown in Table 1.

[0081] Example 3

[0082] This embodiment prepares GdB via in-situ reaction. x The method for producing Al composite materials includes the following steps:

[0083] S1. Proceed according to step S1 of Example 1; the difference is that 53.83g of Al-8.0wt%B alloy and 36.1g of Gd2O3 powder (30μm) are added.

[0084] S2. Proceed according to step S2 of Example 1 to obtain the GdB2 / Al composite material.

[0085] In this embodiment, the mass of GdB2 in the GdB2 / Al composite material is 9 wt% of the total mass of the composite material.

[0086] The properties of the GdB2 / Al composite material in this embodiment are shown in Table 1.

[0087] Example 4

[0088] This embodiment prepares GdB via in-situ reaction. x The method for producing Al composite materials includes the following steps:

[0089] S1. Proceed according to step S1 of Example 1; the difference is that 112g of Al-10wt%B alloy and 31.24g of Gd2O3 powder (30μm) are added.

[0090] S2. Proceed according to step S2 of Example 1 to obtain GdB6 / Al composite material.

[0091] In this embodiment, the mass of GdB6 in the GdB6 / Al composite material is 8.6 wt% of the total mass of the composite material.

[0092] The properties of the GdB6 / Al composite material in this embodiment are shown in Table 1.

[0093] Example 5

[0094] This embodiment prepares GdB via in-situ reaction. x The method for producing Al composite materials includes the following steps:

[0095] S1. Proceed according to step S1 of Example 1; the difference is that after heating the molten metal to 1200°C, add 112g of Al-8.0wt%B alloy and 36.1g of Gd2O3 powder (30μm) and react fully for 60 min.

[0096] S2. Proceed according to step S2 of Example 1 to obtain GdB4 / Al composite material.

[0097] In this embodiment, the mass of GdB4 in the GdB4 / Al composite material is 6 wt% of the total mass of the composite material.

[0098] The properties of the GdB4 / Al composite material in this embodiment are shown in Table 1.

[0099] Example 6

[0100] This embodiment prepares GdB via in-situ reaction. x The method for producing Al composite materials includes the following steps:

[0101] S1. Proceed according to step S1 of Example 1;

[0102] S2. Follow step S2 of Example 1, except that the GdB4 / Al composite material is obtained by standing at 1200℃ for 5 minutes.

[0103] In this embodiment, the mass of GdB4 in the GdB4 / Al composite material is 6 wt% of the total mass of the composite material.

[0104] The properties of the GdB4 / Al composite material in this embodiment are shown in Table 1.

[0105] Example 7

[0106] In this embodiment, GdB x The method for producing Al composite material sheets includes the following steps:

[0107] The GdB4 / Al composite material of Example 1 was post-processed: it was extruded into sheets using a vertical hydraulic press in Rugao, Nantong, with an extrusion ratio of 16:1.

[0108] The performance of the GdB4 / Al plate in this embodiment is shown in Table 1.

[0109] Example 8

[0110] In this embodiment, GdB x The method for producing Al composite material sheets includes the following steps:

[0111] The GdB4 / Al composite material of Example 1 was post-processed: it was extruded into sheets using a vertical hydraulic press in Rugao, Nantong, with an extrusion ratio of 25:1.

[0112] The properties of the GdB4 / Al composite material sheet in this embodiment are shown in Table 1.

[0113] Example 9

[0114] In this embodiment, GdB x The method for producing Al composite material sheets includes the following steps:

[0115] The GdB4 / Al composite material of Example 1 was post-processed: it was hot rolled into a sheet using a Wuxi Guancheng twin-roll mill in multiple passes, and the final deformation of the sheet after multiple passes was 60%.

[0116] The properties of the GdB4 / Al composite material sheet in this embodiment are shown in Table 1.

[0117] Example 10

[0118] In this embodiment, GdB x The method for using Al boards includes the following steps:

[0119] The GdB4 / Al composite material of Example 1 was post-processed: it was hot rolled into a sheet using a Wuxi Guancheng twin-roll mill in multiple passes, and the final deformation of the sheet after multiple passes was 40%.

[0120] The properties of the GdB4 / Al composite material sheet in this embodiment are shown in Table 1.

[0121] Example 11

[0122] In this embodiment, GdB x The method for producing Al composite material sheets includes the following steps:

[0123] The GdB4 / Al composite material of Example 1 was post-processed: it was extruded using a vertical hydraulic press in Rugao, Nantong, with an extrusion ratio of 16:1, and then hot-rolled into a sheet through multiple passes using a twin-roll mill in Guancheng, Wuxi. The final deformation of the sheet after multiple passes was 40%.

[0124] The properties of the GdB4 / Al composite material sheet in this embodiment are shown in Table 1.

[0125] Example 12

[0126] In this embodiment, GdB x The method for producing Al composite material sheets includes the following steps:

[0127] The GdB4 / Al composite material of Example 1 was post-processed: it was extruded using a vertical hydraulic press in Rugao, Nantong, with an extrusion ratio of 25:1, and then hot-rolled into GdB4 / Al sheets through multiple passes of a twin-roll mill in Guancheng, Wuxi. The final deformation of the multi-pass rolled sheet was 60%.

[0128] The properties of the GdB4 / Al composite material sheet in this embodiment are shown in Table 1.

[0129] Comparative Example 1

[0130] The preparation method of this comparative B / Al composite material includes:

[0131] S1. Proceed according to step S1 of Example 1; the difference is that Gd2O3 powder is not added.

[0132] S2. Proceed according to step S2 of Example 1 to obtain B / Al composite material.

[0133] The properties of the B / Al composite material in this comparative example are shown in Table 1.

[0134] Comparative Example 2

[0135] The preparation method of this comparative B / Al composite material includes:

[0136] S1. Proceed according to step S1 of Example 1; the difference is that the Al-B alloy is not added.

[0137] S2. Proceed according to step S2 of Example 1 to obtain Gd / Al composite material.

[0138] The properties of the Gd / Al composite material in this comparative example are shown in Table 1.

[0139] Comparative Example 3

[0140] The preparation method of this comparative Gd-B / Al composite material includes:

[0141] S1. Proceed according to step S1 of Example 1; the difference is that 300g of pure aluminum is melted at 740℃ and a molten metal is obtained after complete melting; without raising the temperature, 112g of Al-8.0wt%B alloy and 36.1g of Gd2O3 powder (30μm) are directly added and reacted for 30 min. During the reaction, the mixture is stirred for 1 min at a speed of 60r / min with a graphite stirring rod every 15 min to obtain the reaction melt.

[0142] S2. Proceed according to step S2 of Example 1 to obtain Gd-B / Al composite material.

[0143] The properties of the Gd-B / Al composite material in this comparative example are shown in Table 1.

[0144]

[0145] As shown in Table 1, GdB prepared by the in-situ reaction described in this invention x / Al composite materials possess both excellent mechanical properties and neutron shielding properties; and the properties of the plates obtained through extrusion molding and / or rolling deformation are further improved.

[0146] In Comparative Example 1, without the addition of Gd₂O₃ powder, the prepared B / Al composite material lacked gadolinium. Boron readily forms the brittle AlB₂ phase in aluminum, leading to a significant decrease in mechanical properties. Furthermore, the lack of gadolinium also significantly weakened the neutron shielding capability. In Comparative Example 2, without the addition of Al-B alloy, the prepared Gd / Al composite material lacked boron, failing to effectively improve the composite's strength and hardness. Moreover, the interfacial bonding between the added Gd₂O₃ particles and the aluminum matrix was far inferior to that of the in-situ reacted GdB₂. x This weakens mechanical properties, and boron deficiency also weakens the neutron shielding effect. Furthermore, while Al-B alloys can improve the wettability and dispersion of gadolinium or its oxides in the aluminum matrix, their absence leads to a decrease in microstructure uniformity and overall performance. Although Al-B alloys and Gd₂O₃ powder were added in Comparative Example 3, the insufficient melting temperature resulted in inadequate aluminum melt temperature, failing to provide sufficient reaction conditions. x The formation is incomplete and the content is low. The residual Gd2O3 has poor bonding with the aluminum matrix interface, and the remaining boron forms a brittle phase AlB2 with poor dispersion, which ultimately leads to a significant deterioration in the material's mechanical properties and neutron shielding performance.

[0147] All aspects, embodiments, and features of this invention should be considered illustrative in all respects and not limiting of the invention; the scope of the invention is defined only by the claims. Other embodiments, modifications, and uses will become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as claimed.

[0148] In the preparation method of this invention, the order of the steps is not limited to the listed order. For those skilled in the art, variations in the order of the steps without creative effort are also within the scope of protection of this invention. Furthermore, two or more steps or actions can be performed simultaneously.

[0149] Finally, it should be noted that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative examples of the invention and are not intended to limit the implementation of the invention. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or additions to the described specific embodiments or use similar methods to replace them; it is neither necessary nor possible to exemplify all embodiments here. However, these obvious variations or modifications derived from the essential spirit of the invention still fall within the scope of protection of the invention, and interpreting them as any additional limitation would contradict the spirit of the invention.

Claims

1. An in-situ reaction for the preparation of GdB x The method for preparing Al composite materials is characterized by, Includes the following steps: S1. Pure aluminum is smelted at 700~800℃ until it is completely melted to obtain a molten metal; the molten metal is heated to 830~1300℃ and aluminum-boron alloy and rare earth materials are added to react and obtain a reactive melt. The amount of rare earth material added is 0.1~30.0 wt% of the mass of pure aluminum; The rare earth material includes one or more of Gd, GdH2, and Gd2O3; The amount of aluminum-boron alloy added is 0.1~85.0 wt% of the mass of pure aluminum; by mass percentage, the content of B in the aluminum-boron alloy is 1.0~20.0 wt%, and the remainder is Al; S2. Add the refining agent to the reaction melt from step S1 and stir; then remove the slag from the surface of the reaction melt and cast it into a mold to obtain GdB. x / Al composite materials; The GdB x / Al composite material contains GdB x Aluminum-based composite material with particles, wherein 0 < x ≤ 12.

2. The in-situ reaction preparation of GdB according to claim 1 x The method for preparing Al composite materials is characterized by, In step S2, the refining agent is placed inside a graphite bell jar, and then the graphite bell jar is placed 10-100 mm below the surface of the reaction melt and stirred for 5-30 minutes. Then, it is allowed to stand at 830-1300℃ for 5-30 minutes.

3. The in-situ reaction preparation of GdB according to claim 1 x The method for preparing Al composite materials is characterized by, In step S2, the amount of refining agent added is 0.1 to 1 wt% of the mass of the reaction melt.

4. The in-situ reaction preparation of GdB according to claim 1 x The method for preparing Al composite materials is characterized by, The GdB x The preparation method of / Al composite material also includes post-processing, which includes: extrusion molding and / or rolling deformation; The extrusion ratio used in the extrusion molding process is greater than 10:1; The deformation during rolling is greater than 30%.

5. A type of GdB x / Al composite material, characterized in that It prepares GdB through an in-situ reaction as described in any one of claims 1 to 4. x / Al composite material was prepared by a specific method; The GdB x / Al composite material contains GdB x Aluminum-based composite material with particles, wherein 0 < x ≤ 12.

6. The GdB according to claim 5 x / Al composite material, characterized in that The GdB x GdB in Al composites x The mass of the composite material is 0.1 to 30.0 wt%.

7. A type of GdB x The application of Al composite materials in neutron shielding materials and the nuclear industry is characterized by... The GdB x / Al composite material is prepared by in-situ reaction as described in any one of claims 1 to 4 to obtain GdB x The / Al composite material is prepared by a method described in any one of claims 5 to 6, or is GdB as described in any one of claims 5 to 6. x / Al composite materials.

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