Photo-thermal electrolysis coupling hydrogen production device based on non-noble metal catalyst

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen production equipment, in particular to a photo-thermal electrolysis coupling hydrogen production device based on a non-noble metal catalyst. The photo-thermal electrolysis coupling hydrogen production device comprises a hydrogen production base, an electrolytic bath is arranged on the surface of the hydrogen production base, a master controller is fixedly connected to the surface of the hydrogen production base, and a power supply is fixedly connected to the surface of the hydrogen production base; the output end of the power supply is fixedly connected with a power line, the input end of the power line is fixedly connected with an electrode, the electrode is fixedly connected outside the electrolytic bath, and the surface of the electrolytic bath is fixedly connected with an exhaust pipe. The first electromagnetic valve, the second electromagnetic valve and other electromagnetic valves are arranged on the key pipeline, the first temperature sensor and other sensors are combined to monitor the temperature in real time, the main controller is matched for control, the circulating alternating current water channel is formed, the water flow direction of the water channel is flexibly adjusted according to the internal temperature of the electrolytic bath, and the reaction temperature requirement is met; the hydrogen production efficiency is obviously improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to the technical field of hydrogen production equipment, in particular to a photo-thermal electrolysis coupling hydrogen production device based on a non-noble metal catalyst. BACKGROUND

[0002] Hydrogen energy, as a clean and efficient energy carrier, plays a key role in the process of achieving global carbon neutralization. The photo-thermal electrolysis coupling hydrogen production technology integrates photo-thermal conversion and water electrolysis processes to directly utilize solar energy for efficient hydrogen production, providing an effective way to solve the problems of high energy consumption and dependence on fossil fuel power supply in traditional water electrolysis hydrogen production. The application of non-noble metal catalysts has gradually become a research hotspot in this field due to their abundant resources and low cost.

[0003] Temperature plays a crucial role in the electrolysis reaction and has a significant impact on the efficiency of the electrolysis reaction. A suitable and stable temperature can enhance the migration ability of ions in the electrolyte, reduce the overpotential of hydrogen evolution and oxygen evolution reactions, and thus greatly improve the electrolysis reaction rate and energy utilization efficiency, and improve the overall hydrogen production efficiency.

[0004] The existing photo-thermal electrolysis coupling hydrogen production device based on a non-noble metal catalyst heats the outside of the electrolytic tank through a photo-thermal conversion device to adjust the temperature inside the electrolytic tank. The photo-thermal conversion device often directly converts solar energy into heat energy and outputs it to the inside of the electrolytic tank, lacking a flexible temperature control mechanism. Since the intensity of solar energy changes significantly over time, weather, and season, the heat energy generated by the photo-thermal conversion device also fluctuates greatly. When solar energy is abundant, the output heat energy far exceeds the needs of the electrolytic tank, resulting in excessively high electrolytic tank temperature, which not only may damage the structure and internal components of the electrolytic tank, but also affects the activity of the non-noble metal catalyst, even leading to catalyst deactivation and shortening its service life. When solar energy is insufficient, the output heat energy may not meet the temperature requirements of the electrolysis reaction, resulting in a decrease in electrolysis reaction rate and hydrogen production efficiency. Moreover, due to the lack of effective heat energy storage and redistribution mechanisms, excess energy cannot be stored when there is excess heat, and the heat cannot be supplemented in time when there is insufficient heat, greatly reducing the utilization efficiency of solar energy. Therefore, a photo-thermal electrolysis coupling hydrogen production device based on a non-noble metal catalyst is designed. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide a photo-thermal electrolysis coupling hydrogen production device based on a non-noble metal catalyst to solve the problems of lack of flexible temperature control mechanism in the heat conversion device, significant fluctuation of heat energy due to changes in solar intensity, excessively high electrolytic tank temperature damaging components and catalysts when solar energy is sufficient, and inability to meet the reaction temperature requirements when solar energy is insufficient, resulting in reduced hydrogen production efficiency.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present application provides the following technical scheme: the photothermal electrolysis coupling hydrogen production device based on non-noble metal catalyst: including hydrogen production base, the surface of the hydrogen production base is provided with electrolytic cell, the surface of the hydrogen production base is fixedly connected with total controller, the surface of the hydrogen production base is fixedly connected with power supply, the output end of the power supply is fixedly connected with power line, the input end of the power line is fixedly connected with electrode, the electrode is fixedly connected outside the electrolytic cell, the surface of the electrolytic cell is fixedly connected with exhaust pipe, the bottom of the exhaust pipe is fixedly connected with gas collecting cylinder, the output end of the exhaust pipe is fixedly connected with anti-backfire tank, the anti-backfire tank is provided with two groups, and one group of anti-backfire tank is fixedly connected with hydrogen pipe, the other group of anti-backfire tank is fixedly connected with oxygen pipe, the surface of the hydrogen pipe is fixedly connected with compressor, the output end of the compressor is fixedly connected with gas conveying pipe, the output end of the gas conveying pipe is fixedly connected with gas storage tank, the input end of the power supply is fixedly connected with first connecting line, the surface of the first connecting line is connected with inverter, the input end of the inverter is fixedly connected with second connecting line, the input end of the second connecting line is connected with solar panel, the surface of the hydrogen production base is fixedly connected with water storage tank, the output end of the water storage tank is fixedly connected with water conveying pump, the surface of the water conveying pump is fixedly connected with water conveying pipe, the end of the water conveying pipe away from the water conveying pump is fixedly connected at the bottom of the electrolytic cell, one side of the hydrogen production base is provided with heating box, one side of the heating box is provided with reflector, the input end of the heating box is fixedly connected with heat collecting column, the surface of the heating box is fixedly installed with heater, the output end of the heating box is fixedly installed with output pump, the surface output end of the output pump is connected with first heat exchange pipe, the surface of the electrolytic cell is fixedly connected with heating outer box, the surface of the heating outer box is fixedly connected with second heat exchange pipe, the end of the first heat exchange pipe away from the output pump is connected on the surface of the heating outer box, the end of the second heat exchange pipe away from the heating outer box is connected with heating shell, the heating shell is fixedly connected on the outer surface of the water storage tank, the surface of the heating shell is fixedly connected with third heat exchange pipe, the end of the third heat exchange pipe away from the heating shell is fixedly connected on the surface of the heating box, the first connecting pipe is fixedly connected between the second heat exchange pipe and the third heat exchange pipe, the second connecting pipe is fixedly connected between the first heat exchange pipe and the heating shell, the first electromagnetic valve is arranged on the first heat exchange pipe, the second electromagnetic valve is arranged on the first heat exchange pipe, the third electromagnetic valve is arranged on the second heat exchange pipe, the fourth electromagnetic valve is arranged on the third heat exchange pipe, the fifth electromagnetic valve is arranged on the second connecting pipe, the sixth electromagnetic valve is arranged on the first connecting pipe, the first temperature sensor is installed on the electrolytic cell, the second temperature sensor is installed on both sides of the heating outer box, and the third temperature sensor is installed on both sides of the heating shell.

[0007] Preferably, the compressor and water storage tank are placed on the surface of the hydrogen production base and located on the left and right sides of the hydrogen production base, the power supply is placed on the surface of the hydrogen production base, and the power supply supplies power to the electrode through the power supply line. The electrode is provided with two groups, which are positive and negative electrodes respectively.

[0008] Preferably, the gas collecting cylinder is provided with two groups, which are respectively covered on the surface of the two groups of electrodes. The hydrogen and oxygen generated by the electrode in the electrolytic cell are transported to the anti-backfire tank through the gas collecting cylinder and the exhaust pipe. The anti-backfire tank transports the hydrogen to the compressor through the hydrogen pipe. The compressor compresses the hydrogen and transports it to the gas storage tank through the gas pipe.

[0009] Preferably, the solar panel generates direct current through solar energy and transports it to the inverter through the second connecting line. The inverter converts the direct current into alternating current and transports it to the power supply through the first connecting line for storage. The power supply supplies power through the power supply line for electrolytic hydrogen production.

[0010] Preferably, the heating box is placed with a water source inside. The solar panel and the reflector are both directed south, and the bottom is provided with an automatic adjusting support. The reflector is provided with multiple groups, and the multiple groups of reflectors reflect sunlight to heat the heat collecting column. The heat collecting column heats the water source inside the heating box to provide heat.

[0011] Preferably, the heating outer box forms a heating chamber on the surface of the electrolytic cell, and the heating shell forms a heating chamber on the surface of the water storage tank. The output pump transports the heated water in the heating box to the heating chamber of the electrolytic cell through the first heat exchange pipeline. The heated water in the heating chamber of the electrolytic cell is transported to the heating chamber of the water storage tank through the second heat exchange pipeline. The heated water in the third heat exchange pipeline is returned to the heating box through the third heat exchange pipeline.

[0012] Preferably, the second connecting pipe is located between the first electromagnetic valve and the second electromagnetic valve. The heated water in the first heat exchange pipeline can flow directly to the heating chamber formed by the heating shell on the surface of the water storage tank through the second connecting pipe. The heated water in the heating chamber formed by the heating outer box on the surface of the electrolytic cell can flow back to the heating box through the first connecting pipe and the third heat exchange pipeline.

[0013] Preferably, the heating outer box, the heating shell and the heating box form a circulating heat exchange channel through the first heat exchange pipeline, the second heat exchange pipeline and the third heat exchange pipeline. The first connecting pipe and the second connecting pipe change the circulating heat exchange channel into a circulating heat exchange lane.

[0014] Preferably, the first electromagnetic valve and the second electromagnetic valve control whether the heated water is delivered to the inside of the heating outer box and the second connecting pipe on the first heat exchange pipe, the third electromagnetic valve controls whether the heated water is delivered to the inside of the heating shell, the fourth electromagnetic valve controls whether the heated water is delivered to the heating shell, the sixth electromagnetic valve controls whether the heated water is delivered to the third heat exchange pipe, and the fifth electromagnetic valve controls whether the heated water is delivered to the inside of the heating shell.

[0015] Preferably, the first temperature sensor detects the temperature inside the electrolytic cell, and the second temperature sensor and the third temperature sensor detect the temperature inside the heating outer box and the heating shell respectively, the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor and the third temperature sensor deliver the detected temperature electrical signal to the general controller, and the general controller controls the opening and closing of the first electromagnetic valve, the second electromagnetic valve, the third electromagnetic valve, the fourth electromagnetic valve, the fifth electromagnetic valve and the sixth electromagnetic valve.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the hydrogen production device has the following beneficial effects: The hydrogen production device, by setting a plurality of electromagnetic valves such as the first electromagnetic valve and the second electromagnetic valve on the key pipe, and combining the first temperature sensor and other sensors to monitor the temperature in real time, and cooperating with the general controller to control, forms a circulating water channel, adjusts the water flow direction flexibly according to the temperature inside the electrolytic cell, meets the reaction temperature requirement, and significantly improves the hydrogen production efficiency.

[0017] The hydrogen production device uses the heating box as a heat storage unit to store excess heat when solar energy is sufficient, and the general controller flexibly controls the opening and closing of each electromagnetic valve according to the feedback of the temperature sensor, realizes the on-demand distribution of heat, and when the electrolytic cell needs heat, directs the hot water to the heating outer box, and adjusts the hot water flow direction to preheat the water storage tank through the heating shell, effectively improving the light energy utilization efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a top view schematic diagram of the structure of the present application; Figure 2 It is a front view partial perspective schematic diagram of the structure of the present application; Figure 3 It is a front view perspective schematic diagram of the electrolytic cell structure of the present application; Figure 4 It is a front view perspective schematic diagram of the electrolytic cell structure of the present application; Figure 5 It is a top view partial schematic diagram of the structure of the present application; Figure 6 It is a front view partial perspective schematic diagram of the structure of the present application; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the heat exchange structure of the structure of the present application; Figure 8The structure heat exchange water flow direction schematic view of the present application.

[0019] In the figure: 1, hydrogen production base; 11, electrolytic cell; 12, general controller; 13, power supply; 14, power line; 15, electrode; 16, exhaust pipe; 17, gas collecting cylinder; 18, anti-backfire tank; 2, hydrogen pipe; 21, oxygen pipe; 22, compressor; 23, gas conveying pipe; 24, gas storage tank; 25, first connecting line; 26, inverter; 27, second connecting line; 28, solar panel; 29, water storage tank; 210, water conveying pump; 211, water conveying pipe; 3, heating box; 31, reflector; 32, heat collecting column; 33, heater; 34, output pump; 35, first heat exchange pipe; 36, heating outer box; 37, second heat exchange pipe; 38, heating outer shell; 39, third heat exchange pipe; 4, first connecting pipe; 41, second connecting pipe; 42, first electromagnetic valve; 43, second electromagnetic valve; 44, third electromagnetic valve; 45, fourth electromagnetic valve; 46, fifth electromagnetic valve; 47, sixth electromagnetic valve; 5, first temperature sensor; 51, second temperature sensor; 52, third temperature sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all the other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative work are within the protection scope of the present application.

[0021] Please refer to Figures 1-8 The present application provides an embodiment: Hydrogen production device based on non-noble metal catalyst photo-thermal electrolysis coupling: including hydrogen production base 1, the surface of hydrogen production base 1 is provided with electrolytic cell 11, hydrogen production base 1 is fixedly connected with total controller 12 on the surface, hydrogen production base 1 is fixedly connected with power supply 13 on the surface, the output end of power supply 13 is fixedly connected with power line 14, the input end of power line 14 is fixedly connected with electrode 15, electrode 15 is fixedly connected outside electrolytic cell 11, electrolytic cell 11 is fixedly connected with exhaust pipe 16 on the surface, the bottom of exhaust pipe 16 is fixedly connected with gas collecting cylinder 17, the output end of exhaust pipe 16 is fixedly connected with anti-backfire tank 18, anti-backfire tank 18 is provided with two groups, and one group of anti-backfire tank 18 is fixedly connected with hydrogen pipe 2, the other group of anti-backfire tank 18 is fixedly connected with oxygen pipe 21, the surface of hydrogen pipe 2 is fixedly connected with compressor 22, the output end of compressor 22 is fixedly connected with gas conveying pipe 23, the output end of gas conveying pipe 23 is fixedly connected with gas storage tank 24, the input end of power supply 13 is fixedly connected with first connecting line 25, the surface of first connecting line 25 is connected with inverter 26, the input end of inverter 26 is fixedly connected with second connecting line 27, the input end of second connecting line 27 is connected with solar panel 28, hydrogen production base 1 is fixedly connected with water storage tank 29 on the surface, water storage tank 29 output end is fixedly connected with water conveying pump 210, the surface of water conveying pump 210 is fixedly connected with water conveying pipe 211, the end of water conveying pipe 211 away from water conveying pump 210 is fixedly connected at the bottom of electrolytic cell 11, one side of hydrogen production base 1 is provided with heating box 3, one side of heating box 3 is provided with reflector 31, the input end of heating box 3 is fixedly connected with heat collecting column 32, the surface of heating box 3 is fixedly installed with heater 33, the output end of heating box 3 is fixedly installed with output pump 34, the surface output end of output pump 34 is connected with first heat exchange pipe 35, the surface of electrolytic cell 11 is fixedly connected with heating outer box 36, the surface of heating outer box 36 is fixedly connected with second heat exchange pipe 37, the end of first heat exchange pipe 35 away from output pump 34 is connected on the surface of heating outer box 36, the end of second heat exchange pipe 37 away from heating outer box 36 is connected with heating outer shell 38, heating outer shell 38 is fixedly connected on the outer surface of water storage tank 29, the surface of heating outer shell 38 is fixedly connected with third heat exchange pipe 39, the end of third heat exchange pipe 39 away from heating outer shell 38 is fixedly connected on the surface of heating box 3, first connecting pipe 4 is fixedly connected between second heat exchange pipe 37 and third heat exchange pipe 39, second connecting pipe 41 is fixedly connected between first heat exchange pipe 35 and heating outer shell 38, first electromagnetic valve 42 is arranged on first heat exchange pipe 35, second electromagnetic valve 43 is arranged on first heat exchange pipe 35, third electromagnetic valve 44 is arranged on second heat exchange pipe 37, fourth electromagnetic valve 45 is arranged on third heat exchange pipe 39, fifth electromagnetic valve 46 is arranged on second connecting pipe 41, sixth electromagnetic valve 47 is arranged on first connecting pipe 4, first temperature sensor 5 is installed on electrolytic cell 11,Second temperature sensors 51 are installed on both sides of the heating outer box 36, and third temperature sensors 52 are installed on both sides of the heating shell 38.

[0022] Further, the compressor 22 and the water storage tank 29 are placed on the surface of the hydrogen production base 1 and located on the left and right sides of the hydrogen production base 1. Such a layout makes the device structure more compact and reasonable, facilitates the connection and operation between parts, and the power supply 13 is placed on the surface of the hydrogen production base 1. The power supply 13 supplies power to the electrode 15 through the power line 14. The electrode 15 is provided with two groups, which are positive and negative electrodes, respectively. The connection between the electrode 15 and the power line 14 adopts welding or bolt connection to ensure good conductivity and avoid energy loss caused by poor contact.

[0023] Further, the gas collecting cylinder 17 is provided with two groups, which are respectively covered on the surface of the two groups of electrodes 15. The hydrogen and oxygen generated by the electrode 15 in the electrolytic tank 11 are transported to the anti-backfire tank 18 through the gas collecting cylinder 17 and the exhaust pipe 16. The anti-backfire tank 18 transports the hydrogen to the compressor 22 through the hydrogen pipe 2. The compressor 22 compresses the hydrogen and transports it to the gas storage tank 24 through the gas conveying pipe 23. The surface of the hydrogen pipe 2 is wrapped with a layer of heat insulation material, such as glass fiber, to prevent the temperature of the hydrogen from rising during transportation. The compressor 22 compresses the hydrogen and transports it to the gas storage tank 24 through the gas conveying pipe 23. The gas conveying pipe 23 is provided with a pressure sensor for real-time monitoring of the pressure of the hydrogen. The pressure sensor is electrically connected with the total controller 12. When the pressure is abnormal, the total controller 12 can take timely measures.

[0024] Further, the solar panel 28 generates direct current through solar energy and transports it to the inverter 26 through the second connecting line 27. The inverter 26 converts the direct current into alternating current and transports it to the power supply 13 through the first connecting line 25 for storage. The power supply 13 supplies power through the power line 14 for electrolytic hydrogen production. The specifications of the first connecting line 25 and the second connecting line 27 are the same. The power supply 13 is provided with a charging management module inside, which can reasonably manage the charging and discharging process according to the power generation of the solar panel 28 and the power demand of the electrolytic tank 11, and improve the energy utilization efficiency.

[0025] Furthermore, the heating outer casing 36 forms a heating chamber on the surface of the electrolytic cell 11. The heating outer casing 36 is made of a material with good heat insulation properties, such as polyurethane foam or fiberglass, to reduce heat loss. The heating outer shell 38 forms a heating chamber on the surface of the water storage tank 29. The output pump 34 transports the heated water inside the heating box 3 to the heating chamber of the electrolytic cell 11 through the first heat exchange pipe 35. The heated water in the heating chamber of the electrolytic cell 11 is transported to the heating chamber of the water storage tank 29 through the second heat exchange pipe 37. The heated water in the heating chamber inside the third heat exchange pipe 39 flows back to the inside of the heating box 3 through the third heat exchange pipe 39. The first heat exchange pipe 35, the second heat exchange pipe 37, and the third heat exchange pipe 39 are all made of corrosion-resistant materials with high thermal conductivity, such as copper pipes or stainless steel pipes, to ensure effective heat transfer.

[0026] Furthermore, the second connecting pipe 41 is located between the first solenoid valve 42 and the second solenoid valve 43. The heating water inside the first heat exchange pipe 35 can flow directly through the second connecting pipe 41 to the heating chamber formed on the surface of the water storage tank 29 by the heating shell 38. The heating water in the heating chamber formed on the surface of the electrolytic cell 11 by the heating outer box 36 can flow back to the interior of the heating box 3 through the first connecting pipe 4 and the third heat exchange pipe 39. Through this pipe connection method, the flow path of the heating water can be flexibly adjusted to achieve precise temperature control of the electrolytic cell 11 and the water storage tank 29.

[0027] Furthermore, the heating box 3 contains a water source, and the solar panels 28 and reflectors 31 both face south and are equipped with automatic adjustment brackets at the bottom. Multiple sets of reflectors 31 are provided, and these reflectors 31 reflect sunlight to heat the heat collection column 32. The heat collection column 32 heats the water source inside the heating box 3 to provide heat. The heat collection column 32 contains heat-conducting pipes filled with heat-conducting oil. The heat-conducting oil absorbs heat and transfers it to the water source inside the heating box 3 to provide heat. The heater 33 is an electric heating tube. When there is insufficient solar heat, the main controller 12 can control the heater 33 to start and heat the water in the heating box 3.

[0028] Further, the heating outer box 36 forms a heating chamber on the surface of the electrolytic cell 11, and a sealing rubber strip is arranged between the heating outer box 36 and the electrolytic cell 11 to prevent hot water leakage. The heating shell 38 forms a heating chamber on the surface of the water storage tank 29, and a sealing rubber strip is also arranged between the heating shell 38 and the water storage tank 29. The output pump 34 delivers the heated water in the heating tank 3 to the heating chamber of the electrolytic cell 11 through the first heat exchange pipeline 35, and the first heat exchange pipeline 35 is made of stainless steel. The heated water in the heating chamber of the electrolytic cell 11 is delivered to the heating chamber of the water storage tank 29 through the second heat exchange pipeline 37, which has the same specification as the first heat exchange pipeline 35. The heated water in the heating chamber of the third heat exchange pipeline 39 is returned to the inside of the heating tank 3 through the third heat exchange pipeline 39. A flow sensor is arranged on the third heat exchange pipeline 39, and the flow sensor is electrically connected to the total controller 12 to monitor the flow of hot water in real time.

[0029] Further, the first electromagnetic valve 42 and the second electromagnetic valve 43 control the delivery direction of the heated water on the first heat exchange pipeline 35, and determine whether the heated water enters the inside of the heating outer box 36 or the second connecting pipeline 41. The third electromagnetic valve 44 controls whether the heated water enters the inside of the heating shell 38. When the third electromagnetic valve 44 is opened, the hot water after heat exchange in the heating chamber of the electrolytic cell 11 can enter the heating shell 38 to preheat the water in the water storage tank 29, so as to provide a water source with appropriate temperature for the electrolytic cell 11. When the third electromagnetic valve 44 is closed, unnecessary heat transfer is avoided. When the water storage tank 29 needs more heat to increase the water temperature, the third electromagnetic valve 44 is fully opened to realize secondary utilization of heat. The fourth electromagnetic valve 45 controls the heated water to enter the heating shell 38 from another path. The fourth electromagnetic valve 45 cooperates with the third electromagnetic valve 44 to ensure that the temperature of the heating shell 38 meets the preheating requirements of the water storage tank 29 when the supply of heated water by the third electromagnetic valve 44 is insufficient or the heat exchange strength needs to be precisely adjusted. The fourth electromagnetic valve 45 is opened or closed according to the instructions of the total controller 12. The sixth electromagnetic valve 47 is arranged at the connection point of the first connecting pipeline 4 and the third heat exchange pipeline 39, and controls whether the heated water flows into the third heat exchange pipeline 39 to return to the heating tank 3. When the sixth electromagnetic valve 47 is opened, the heated water can complete circulation. When the sixth electromagnetic valve 47 is closed, the return path is blocked. Whether the sixth electromagnetic valve 47 allows the heated water to return is determined according to the water level and water temperature of the heating tank 3 and the energy balance of the heat circulation system. The sixth electromagnetic valve 47 is opened when the water temperature of the heating tank 3 is low and heat needs to be supplemented. The fifth electromagnetic valve 46 is arranged on the second connecting pipeline 41, and controls the on-off of the heated water directly flowing from the first heat exchange pipeline 35 to the heating shell 38. The fifth electromagnetic valve 46 cooperates with other electromagnetic valves to form a complex and orderly heat flow control network, so as to ensure that the heat circulation system of the photo-thermal-electricity decoupling hydrogen production device operates efficiently and stably according to different working conditions and requirements.

[0030] Further, the first temperature sensor 5 detects the temperature inside the electrolytic tank 11, while the second temperature sensor 51 and the third temperature sensor 52 detect the temperature inside the heating outer box 36 and the heating outer shell 38 respectively, and the first temperature sensor 5, the second temperature sensor 51 and the third temperature sensor 52 transmit the detected temperature electrical signals to the general controller 12, the temperature sensors are high-precision and fast-response sensors, which can accurately detect the temperature changes in real time, and the general controller 12 controls the switching of the first electromagnetic valve 42, the second electromagnetic valve 43, the third electromagnetic valve 44, the fourth electromagnetic valve 45, the fifth electromagnetic valve 46 and the sixth electromagnetic valve 47, and the general controller 12 adopts an advanced microprocessor and control algorithm, which can accurately control the switching of the electromagnetic valves according to the feedback signals of the temperature sensors, and realize intelligent regulation and control of the temperature of the device.

[0031] Working principle: The solar panel 28 absorbs sunlight to generate direct current, which is transmitted to the inverter 26 through the second connecting line 27. The inverter 26 converts the direct current into alternating current, which is then transmitted to the power supply 13 through the first connecting line 25 for storage. The power supply 13 supplies power to the electrode 15 through the power line 14, and the water in the electrolytic tank 11 undergoes electrolysis reaction. The non-noble metal catalyst on the electrode 15 accelerates the decomposition of water, and oxygen is generated at the anode and hydrogen is generated at the cathode. The generated hydrogen and oxygen are collected by the gas collector 17 and then transported to the anti-backfire tank 18 through the exhaust pipe 16 to prevent backfire. The hydrogen gas enters the compressor 22 through the hydrogen pipe 2, is compressed and then stored in the gas storage tank 24 through the gas pipe 23. The oxygen is processed or stored through the oxygen pipe 21. The reflector 31 reflects sunlight onto the heat collecting column 32, which heats the water in the heating tank 3. The output pump 34 transports the heated water to the heating outer box 36 of the electrolytic tank 11 through the first heat exchange pipeline 35 to heat the electrolytic tank 11 and improve the efficiency of the electrolysis reaction. The water in the heating outer box 36 is transported to the heating outer shell 38 of the water storage tank 29 through the second heat exchange pipeline 37 to preheat the water in the water storage tank 29, and finally returns to the heating tank 3 through the third heat exchange pipeline 39 to form a circulating heat exchange. The first temperature sensor 5, the second temperature sensor 51 and the third temperature sensor 52 monitor the temperature of the electrolytic tank 11, the heating outer box 36 and the heating outer shell 38 in real time, and transmit the temperature signals to the general controller 12. The general controller 12 controls the switching of the first electromagnetic valve 42, the second electromagnetic valve 43, the third electromagnetic valve 44, the fourth electromagnetic valve 45, the fifth electromagnetic valve 46 and the sixth electromagnetic valve 47 according to the preset temperature range, adjusts the flow path and flow of the heated water, and ensures that the device operates under optimal temperature conditions.

[0032] When the first temperature sensor 5 detects that the temperature inside the electrolytic cell 11 is slightly lower than the preset optimal reaction temperature, the total controller 12 issues an instruction to open only the first electromagnetic valve 42, the second electromagnetic valve 43 and the sixth electromagnetic valve 47. After the first electromagnetic valve 42 is opened, the hot water in the heating tank 3 flows into the first heat exchange pipeline 35; after the second electromagnetic valve 43 is opened, the hot water is guided into the heating outer tank 36, and the heating cavity formed by the heating outer tank 36 exchanges heat with the electrolytic cell 11 to supplement heat and increase the temperature of the electrolytic cell 11. The sixth electromagnetic valve 47 is opened to ensure that the hot water after heat exchange in the heating cavity of the electrolytic cell 11 can flow back to the heating tank 3 through the third heat exchange pipeline 39, forming a complete heat cycle to continuously provide heat for the electrolytic cell 11. If the first temperature sensor 5 detects that the temperature inside the electrolytic cell 11 is in the preset optimal reaction temperature range, the total controller 12 controls only the first electromagnetic valve 42, the second electromagnetic valve 43, the third electromagnetic valve 44 and the fourth electromagnetic valve 45 to be opened. The first electromagnetic valve 42 and the second electromagnetic valve 43 maintain a certain opening degree to allow a proper amount of hot water to flow into the heating outer tank 36 to stabilize the temperature of the electrolytic cell 11. The third electromagnetic valve 44 is opened to allow the hot water after heat exchange in the heating cavity of the electrolytic cell 11 to enter the heating shell 38 to preheat the water in the water storage tank 29, realizing the secondary use of heat. The fourth electromagnetic valve 45 controls the hot water to enter the heating shell 38 from another path, and cooperates with the third electromagnetic valve 44 to ensure that the temperature in the heating shell 38 can meet the preheating requirements of the water storage tank 29, while maintaining the balance of the entire heat circulation system. When the first temperature sensor 5 detects that the temperature inside the electrolytic cell 11 is slightly higher than the preset optimal reaction temperature, the total controller 12 controls only the first electromagnetic valve 42, the second electromagnetic valve 43, the third electromagnetic valve 44, the fifth electromagnetic valve 46 and the fourth electromagnetic valve 45 to be opened. The first electromagnetic valve 42 and the second electromagnetic valve 43 reduce the opening degree to reduce the amount of hot water flowing into the heating outer tank 36, thereby reducing the heating intensity of the electrolytic cell 11. The fifth electromagnetic valve 46 is opened to allow part of the hot water to flow directly to the heating shell 38 through the second connecting pipeline 41, transfer heat to the water storage tank 29, reduce the heat input of the electrolytic cell 11, and the third electromagnetic valve 44 and the fourth electromagnetic valve 45 continue to control the hot water to enter the heating shell 38 to preheat the water storage tank 29, while adjusting the heat distribution of the heat circulation system to gradually reduce the temperature of the electrolytic cell 11 to an appropriate range. If the first temperature sensor 5 detects that the temperature inside the electrolytic cell 11 is too high, the general controller 12 controls only the first electromagnetic valve 42, the fifth electromagnetic valve 46 and the fourth electromagnetic valve 45 to be opened, the first electromagnetic valve 42 keeps a small opening, so that a small amount of hot water flows into the first heat exchange pipe 35, the fifth electromagnetic valve 46 is fully opened, so that hot water flows through the second connecting pipe 41 to the heating shell 38, a large amount of heat is transferred to the water storage tank 29, and the fourth electromagnetic valve 45 cooperates with the fifth electromagnetic valve 46 to ensure that hot water flows smoothly into the heating shell 38. At this time, the delivery of hot water to the heating outer box 36 is stopped, so as to avoid the further increase of the temperature of the electrolytic cell 11, accelerate the heat transfer from the electrolytic cell 11, and reduce the temperature of the electrolytic cell 11 as soon as possible. When the first temperature sensor 5 detects that the temperature inside the electrolytic cell 11 is too low, the general controller 12 controls the first electromagnetic valve 42, the second electromagnetic valve 43 and the sixth electromagnetic valve 47 to be opened, and starts the heater 33. The first electromagnetic valve 42 and the second electromagnetic valve 43 are fully opened, so that hot water in the heating tank 3 flows into the heating outer box 36 quickly, a large amount of heat is provided for the electrolytic cell 11, the sixth electromagnetic valve 47 is opened to ensure the circulation of hot water, and at the same time, the heater 33 is started to assist the heating of water in the heating tank 3, so as to improve the temperature of hot water and accelerate the heating speed of the electrolytic cell 11, so that the electrolytic cell 11 reaches the suitable reaction temperature as soon as possible.

[0033] It is obvious for those skilled in the art that the present application is not limited to the details of the above-mentioned exemplary embodiments, and can be realized in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present application. Therefore, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting, the scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description, and all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be included in the present application. Any reference signs in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the involved claims.

Claims

1. A photothermal electrolysis coupled hydrogen production device based on a non-precious metal catalyst, characterized in that: The system includes a hydrogen production base (1), an electrolytic cell (11) on its surface, a main controller (12) fixedly connected to its surface, a power supply (13) fixedly connected to its surface, a power cord (14) fixedly connected to the output end of the power supply (13), an electrode (15) fixedly connected to the input end of the power cord (14), the electrode (15) fixedly connected to the outside of the electrolytic cell (11), an exhaust pipe (16) fixedly connected to its surface, a gas collecting cylinder (17) fixedly connected to the bottom of the exhaust pipe (16), and a backfire prevention container (18) fixedly connected to the output end of the exhaust pipe (16). (18) Two sets are provided, and one set of anti-backfire tanks (18) is fixedly connected to a hydrogen pipe (2), and the other set of anti-backfire tanks (18) is fixedly connected to an oxygen pipe (21). A compressor (22) is fixedly connected to the surface of the hydrogen pipe (2). A gas delivery pipe (23) is fixedly connected to the output end of the compressor (22). A gas storage tank (24) is fixedly connected to the output end of the gas delivery pipe (23). A first connecting line (25) is fixedly connected to the input end of the power supply (13). An inverter (26) is connected to the surface of the first connecting line (25). A second connecting line (27) is fixedly connected to the input end of the inverter (26). A solar panel (28) is connected to the input end of the second connecting line (27). A water storage tank (29) is fixedly connected to the surface of the hydrogen production base (1). A water pump (210) is fixedly connected to the output end of the water storage tank (29). A water pipe (211) is fixedly connected to the surface of the water pump (210). The end of the water pipe (211) away from the water pump (210) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the electrolytic cell (11). A heating box (3) is provided on one side of the hydrogen production base (1). A reflector (31) is provided on one side of the heating box (3). A heat collection column (32) is fixedly connected to the input end of the heating box (3). A heater (33) is fixedly installed on the surface of the heating box (3). An output pump (34) is fixedly installed at the output end of the heating box (3). The surface of the output pump (34) A first heat exchange pipe (35) is connected to the output end. A heating outer box (36) is fixedly connected to the surface of the electrolytic cell (11). A second heat exchange pipe (37) is fixedly connected to the surface of the heating outer box (36). The end of the first heat exchange pipe (35) away from the output pump (34) is connected to the surface of the heating outer box (36). The end of the second heat exchange pipe (37) away from the heating outer box (36) is connected to a heating shell (38). The heating shell (38) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the water storage tank (29). A third heat exchange pipe (39) is fixedly connected to the surface of the heating shell (38). The end of the third heat exchange pipe (39) away from the heating shell (38) is fixedly connected to the surface of the heating box (3).A first connecting pipe (4) is fixedly connected between the second heat exchange pipe (37) and the third heat exchange pipe (39). A second connecting pipe (41) is fixedly connected between the first heat exchange pipe (35) and the heating shell (38). A first solenoid valve (42) is installed on the first heat exchange pipe (35). A second solenoid valve (43) is installed on the first heat exchange pipe (35). A third solenoid valve (44) is installed on the second heat exchange pipe (37). A fourth solenoid valve (45) is installed on the third heat exchange pipe (39). A fifth solenoid valve (46) is installed on the second connecting pipe (41). A sixth solenoid valve (47) is installed on the first connecting pipe (4). A first temperature sensor (5) is installed on the electrolytic cell (11). Second temperature sensors (51) are installed on both sides of the heating shell (36). Third temperature sensors (52) are installed on both sides of the heating shell (38).

2. The photothermal electrolysis coupled hydrogen production device based on a non-precious metal catalyst according to claim 1, characterized in that: The compressor (22) and the water storage tank (29) are placed on the surface of the hydrogen production base (1) and located on the left and right sides of the hydrogen production base (1). The power supply (13) is placed on the surface of the hydrogen production base (1). The power supply (13) supplies power to the electrode (15) through the power line (14). The electrode (15) is provided with two sets, which are positive and negative electrodes respectively.

3. The photothermal electrolysis coupled hydrogen production device based on a non-precious metal catalyst according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two sets of gas collecting cylinders (17) are provided and cover the surfaces of two sets of electrodes (15). The hydrogen and oxygen generated by the electrodes (15) inside the electrolytic cell (11) are transported to the backfire prevention tank (18) through the gas collecting cylinder (17) and the exhaust pipe (16). The backfire prevention tank (18) transports the hydrogen through the hydrogen pipe (2) to the compressor (22). The compressor (22) compresses the hydrogen and then transports it to the gas storage tank (24) through the gas delivery pipe (23).

4. The photothermal electrolysis coupled hydrogen production device based on a non-precious metal catalyst according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solar panel (28) generates direct current through solar energy and transmits it to the inverter (26) via the second connection line (27). The inverter (26) converts the direct current into alternating current and transmits it to the power supply (13) via the first connection line (25) for storage. The power supply (13) supplies power through the power line (14) to produce hydrogen by electrolysis.

5. The photothermal electrolysis coupled hydrogen production device based on a non-precious metal catalyst according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating box (3) contains a water source. The solar panel (28) and the reflector (31) both face south and are equipped with automatic adjustment brackets at the bottom. There are multiple sets of reflectors (31), and the multiple sets of reflectors (31) reflect sunlight to heat the heat collection column (32), and the heat collection column (32) heats the water source inside the heating box (3) to provide heat.

6. The photothermal electrolysis coupled hydrogen production device based on a non-precious metal catalyst according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating outer box (36) forms a heating chamber on the surface of the electrolytic cell (11), the heating outer shell (38) forms a heating chamber on the surface of the water storage tank (29), the output pump (34) transports the heating water inside the heating box (3) to the heating chamber of the electrolytic cell (11) through the first heat exchange pipe (35), and the heating water in the heating chamber of the electrolytic cell (11) is transported to the heating chamber of the water storage tank (29) through the second heat exchange pipe (37), and the heating water in the heating chamber inside the third heat exchange pipe (39) flows back to the inside of the heating box (3).

7. The photothermal electrolysis coupled hydrogen production device based on a non-precious metal catalyst according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second connecting pipe (41) is located between the first solenoid valve (42) and the second solenoid valve (43). The heating water inside the first heat exchange pipe (35) can flow directly through the second connecting pipe (41) to the heating chamber formed on the surface of the water storage tank (29) of the heating shell (38). The heating water in the heating chamber formed on the surface of the electrolytic cell (11) of the heating outer box (36) can flow back to the interior of the heating box (3) through the first connecting pipe (4) and the third heat exchange pipe (39).

8. The photothermal electrolysis coupled hydrogen production device based on a non-precious metal catalyst according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating outer box (36), heating outer shell (38) and heating box (3) form a circulating heat exchange channel through the first heat exchange pipe (35), the second heat exchange pipe (37) and the third heat exchange pipe (39). The first connecting pipe (4) and the second connecting pipe (41) are between the first heat exchange pipe (35), the second heat exchange pipe (37) and the third heat exchange pipe (39), changing the circulating heat exchange channel into a circulating heat exchange channel.

9. The photothermal electrolysis coupled hydrogen production device based on a non-precious metal catalyst according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first solenoid valve (42) and the second solenoid valve (43) control whether the heating water is delivered to the heating outer box (36) and the second connecting pipe (41) on the first heat exchange pipe (35). The third solenoid valve (44) controls whether the heating water is delivered to the heating outer shell (38). The fourth solenoid valve (45) controls whether the heating water is delivered to the heating outer shell (38). The sixth solenoid valve (47) controls whether the heating water is delivered to the third heat exchange pipe (39). The fifth solenoid valve (46) controls whether the heating water is delivered to the heating outer shell (38).

10. The photothermal electrolysis coupled hydrogen production device based on a non-precious metal catalyst according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first temperature sensor (5) detects the internal temperature of the electrolytic cell (11), while the second temperature sensor (51) and the third temperature sensor (52) detect the internal temperatures of the heating outer box (36) and the heating outer shell (38), respectively. The first temperature sensor (5), the second temperature sensor (51) and the third temperature sensor (52) transmit the detected temperature electrical signals to the main controller (12), and the main controller (12) controls the opening and closing of the first solenoid valve (42), the second solenoid valve (43), the third solenoid valve (44), the fourth solenoid valve (45), the fifth solenoid valve (46) and the sixth solenoid valve (47).

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