Intelligent air curtain auxiliary open caisson sinking system

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent air curtain auxiliary open caisson sinking system, and relates to the technical field of open caisson construction.The intelligent air curtain auxiliary open caisson sinking system comprises an air curtain assembly, a data acquisition assembly and a controller, and the air curtain assembly comprises an air pipe network circumferentially arranged in an open caisson; the air curtain assembly exhausts air through an air pipe network to form an air curtain on the outer wall of the open caisson, the data collection assembly is arranged in the open caisson and used for collecting sinking data of the open caisson, and the controller is connected with the air curtain assembly and the data collection assembly and is configured to obtain the sinking data collected by the data collection assembly and send the sinking data to the open caisson. The air outlet parameters of the air pipe network of the air curtain assembly are adjusted according to the sinking data collected by the data collection assembly, the air outlet parameters of the air pipe network can be accurately controlled by collecting the sinking data of the open caisson in real time, then the air pressure and flow of an air curtain are accurately adjusted, the sinking posture of the open caisson is conveniently corrected in time, and manual experience regulation is not needed; and the regulation and control precision of the system is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of caisson construction technology, and in particular to an intelligent air curtain-assisted caisson sinking system. Background Technology

[0002] Caisson (caisson) foundations, as one of the core forms of deep foundations for bridges, have significant advantages in complex geological conditions and deep-water operation environments due to their high bearing capacity, excellent integrity and outstanding seismic performance, and are therefore widely used in long-span bridge projects.

[0003] During the sinking of caissons, the dual effects of end resistance and sidewall friction must be overcome. Studies have shown that for deep caisson foundations, sidewall friction dominates, and excessive friction is a key factor causing caisson stagnation. Current mainstream drag reduction measures mainly include mud lubrication sleeves and air curtain technology. Among them, mud lubrication sleeves have drawbacks such as high environmental pollution risk and high disposal costs due to the need for additional mud preparation and treatment. In contrast, air curtain technology has become the preferred solution in engineering practice due to its environmental friendliness, small space occupation, and outstanding drag reduction efficiency.

[0004] However, existing air curtain technology relies on manual experience for control, and the precision of air pressure and air volume adjustment is insufficient, making it difficult to correct the sinking posture of the caisson in time. This can easily cause air pressure to disturb the soil, leading to sudden sinking of the caisson. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides an intelligent air curtain-assisted caisson sinking system to solve the technical problems of existing air curtain technologies that rely on manual experience for control, have insufficient precision in adjusting air pressure and volume, are difficult to correct the sinking posture of the caisson in a timely manner, and are prone to causing air pressure disturbance to the soil, leading to sudden sinking of the caisson.

[0006] This invention provides an intelligent air curtain-assisted caisson sinking system, comprising: An air curtain assembly, comprising a network of air pipes arranged circumferentially within the caisson, wherein the air curtain assembly emits air through the air pipe network to form an air curtain on the outer wall of the caisson; A data acquisition component is installed inside the caisson and is used to collect the sinking data of the caisson. A controller, which is connected to both the air curtain assembly and the data acquisition assembly, and is configured to: Acquire the sinking data collected by the data acquisition component; The air outlet parameters of the air curtain assembly's air duct network are adjusted based on the sinking data collected by the data acquisition component.

[0007] In some embodiments, the sinking data includes the sinking velocity of the caisson, the spatial attitude data of the caisson, the drag reduction coefficient of the caisson, and the flow rate and pressure values ​​of each section of the air curtain.

[0008] In some embodiments, adjusting the air outlet parameters of the air curtain assembly's duct network based on the sinking data collected by the data acquisition component includes: When the sinking speed of the caisson is greater than a first preset value and less than a second preset value, the controller controls the gas pipeline network to maintain the current state. When the sinking speed of the caisson is less than or equal to a first preset value, the controller controls the gas pipeline network to release gas and adjusts the pressure of the released gas. When the sinking speed of the caisson is greater than or equal to a second preset value, the controller controls the gas pipeline network to stop gas output.

[0009] In some embodiments, adjusting the air outlet parameters of the air curtain assembly's duct network based on the sinking data collected by the data acquisition component further includes: The spatial attitude data includes the overall tilt angle and tilt azimuth angle of the caisson; When the overall inclination angle of the caisson is greater than the third preset value, the controller maps the inclination azimuth angle to the corresponding air curtain area, and the controller controls the air pipe network of the air curtain area to release air.

[0010] In some embodiments, adjusting the air outlet parameters of the air curtain assembly's duct network based on the sinking data collected by the data acquisition component further includes: The air outlet pressure of the air curtain assembly's air pipe network is calculated and adjusted based on the drag reduction coefficient of the caisson and the soil parameters of the caisson.

[0011] In some embodiments, adjusting the air outlet parameters of the air curtain assembly's duct network based on the sinking data collected by the data acquisition component further includes: When the flow rate and pressure value of any zone of the air curtain decrease to the fourth preset value, the controller controls the air pipe network of the other zones of the air curtain to stop airflow. When the flow rate decreases and the pressure increases in any section of the air curtain, the controller controls the air duct network of that section of the air curtain to release air and adjusts the pressure of the released air. When the flow rate increases and the pressure decreases in any section of the air curtain, the controller controls the air duct network of that section of the air curtain to stop supplying air.

[0012] In some embodiments, the air curtain assembly further includes: An air compressor, which is located outside the caisson and connected to the controller; An air storage tank is located outside the caisson and connected to the air compressor. The main air pipe is connected to the air storage tank and is also connected to the air pipe network.

[0013] In some embodiments, the tracheal network includes: Multiple vertical air pipes are arranged circumferentially on the wall of the caisson. Each vertical air pipe is connected to the main air pipe. Multiple solenoid valves and multiple proportional valves connected to the controller are spaced apart on each vertical air pipe. Multiple horizontal air pipes are spaced apart along the length of the caisson on a vertical air pipe. Each horizontal air pipe is also spaced apart and equipped with multiple solenoid valves and multiple proportional valves connected to the controller. The multiple horizontal air pipes and the vertical air pipe form a section of the air curtain.

[0014] In some embodiments, there are sixteen vertical air tubes, which form sixteen zones of the air curtain.

[0015] In some embodiments, the data acquisition component includes: Multiple GPS sensors are installed on the top surface of the caisson and connected to the controller to obtain the sinking speed of the caisson. Multiple hydrostatic leveling sensors are installed on the top surface of the caisson and connected to the controller to obtain the comprehensive tilt angle and tilt azimuth angle of the caisson.

[0016] Multiple earth pressure sensors are located at the center of the cutting edge of the caisson and connected to the controller to obtain the drag reduction coefficient of the caisson. Multiple sidewall resistance sensors are circumferentially spaced on the sidewall of the caisson and connected to the controller to obtain the drag reduction coefficient of the caisson. Multiple flow meters are installed on the air duct network to obtain the flow rate value of the air curtain; Multiple air pressure sensors are disposed on the air duct network to obtain the pressure value of the air curtain.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the technical solution provided by this invention include: This invention provides an intelligent air curtain-assisted caisson sinking system, comprising: an air curtain component, a data acquisition component, and a controller. The air curtain component includes a network of air pipes circumferentially arranged within the caisson. The air curtain component emits air through the air pipe network to form an air curtain on the outer wall of the caisson. The data acquisition component is located within the caisson and is used to collect sinking data of the caisson. The controller is connected to both the air curtain component and the data acquisition component and is configured to: acquire the sinking data collected by the data acquisition component; adjust the air output parameters of the air pipe network of the air curtain component based on the sinking data collected by the data acquisition component; collect the sinking data of the caisson in real time through the data acquisition component and feed it back to the controller; and the controller can accurately control the air output parameters of the air pipe network based on the sinking data, thereby accurately adjusting the air pressure and flow rate of the air curtain. This facilitates timely correction of the caisson sinking attitude, eliminates the need for manual experience-based control, improves the accuracy of system control, and avoids the problem of sudden sinking of the caisson due to air pressure disturbance of the soil. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an intelligent air curtain-assisted caisson sinking system provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an air curtain assembly provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the data acquisition component provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure label: 1. Air curtain assembly; 11. Air duct network; 111. Vertical air duct; 112. Horizontal air duct; 113. Solenoid valve; 114. Proportional valve; 12. Air compressor; 13. Air tank; 14. Main air duct; 2. Data acquisition components; 21. GPS sensor; 22. Hydrostatic level sensor; 23. Earth pressure sensor; 24. Sidewall resistance sensor; 25. Flow meter; 26. Air pressure sensor; 3. Caisson. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] This invention provides an intelligent air curtain-assisted caisson sinking system, which can solve the technical problems of existing air curtain technologies that rely on manual experience for control, have insufficient precision in adjusting air pressure and volume, are difficult to correct the sinking posture of the caisson in a timely manner, and are prone to causing air pressure disturbance to the soil, leading to sudden sinking of the caisson.

[0022] Figure 1 This invention provides an intelligent air curtain-assisted caisson sinking system, comprising: an air curtain component 1, a data acquisition component 2, and a controller. The air curtain component 1 includes an air pipe network 11 circumferentially disposed within the caisson 3. The air curtain component 1 emits air through the air pipe network 11 to form an air curtain on the outer wall of the caisson 3. The data acquisition component 2 is disposed within the caisson 3 and is used to collect sinking data of the caisson 3. The controller is connected to the air curtain component 1 and the data acquisition component 2, and is configured to: acquire the sinking data collected by the data acquisition component 2, and adjust the air output parameters of the air pipe network 11 of the air curtain component 1 according to the sinking data collected by the data acquisition component 2.

[0023] The intelligent air curtain-assisted caisson sinking system provided in this embodiment of the invention includes an air curtain component, a data acquisition component, and a controller. The air curtain component includes a network of air pipes circumferentially arranged within the caisson. The air curtain component emits air through the air pipe network to form an air curtain on the outer wall of the caisson. The data acquisition component is located within the caisson and is used to collect sinking data of the caisson. The controller is connected to both the air curtain component and the data acquisition component and is configured to: acquire the sinking data collected by the data acquisition component; adjust the air output parameters of the air pipe network of the air curtain component based on the sinking data collected by the data acquisition component; collect the sinking data of the caisson in real time through the data acquisition component and feed it back to the controller; and the controller can accurately control the air output parameters of the air pipe network based on the sinking data, thereby accurately adjusting the air pressure and flow rate of the air curtain. This facilitates timely correction of the caisson sinking attitude, eliminates the need for manual experience-based control, improves the accuracy of system control, and avoids the problem of sudden sinking of the caisson due to air pressure disturbance of the soil.

[0024] As an optional implementation, in one embodiment of the invention, the sinking data includes the sinking speed of the caisson 3, the spatial attitude data of the caisson 3, the drag reduction coefficient of the caisson 3, and the flow rate and pressure values ​​of each section of the air curtain. The sinking data provides comprehensive and real-time feedback on the sinking status and spatial attitude of the caisson 3, facilitating control of the construction pace, precise positioning and correction, and rapid and intelligent identification of the risks of sudden sinking and stagnation of the caisson 3. This effectively prevents sudden problems, stabilizes the sinking rate and adjusts the attitude, reduces disturbance to the surrounding environment, and avoids the problem of sudden sinking of the caisson caused by air pressure disturbance of the soil.

[0025] As an optional implementation, in one embodiment of the invention, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, adjusting the air output parameters of the air pipe network 11 of the air curtain component 1 based on the sinking data collected by the data acquisition component 2 includes: when the sinking speed of the caisson 3 is greater than a first preset value and less than a second preset value, the controller controls the air pipe network 11 to maintain the current state; when the sinking speed of the caisson 3 is less than or equal to the first preset value, the controller controls the air pipe network 11 to output air and adjusts the output pressure; when the sinking speed of the caisson 3 is greater than or equal to the second preset value, the controller controls the air pipe network 11 to stop outputting air.

[0026] Specifically, the controller receives the sinking data transmitted by the data acquisition component 2 and calculates the sinking speed V of the caisson 3 in real time at a frequency of 1Hz. When the sinking speed V of the caisson 3 is greater than a first preset value V1 and less than a second preset value V2, the controller determines that the sinking speed of the caisson 3 is normal, and the controller maintains the current working state of the air pipe network 11. When the sinking speed V of the caisson 3 is less than or equal to the first preset value V1, the controller continuously monitors for a preset time, such as 10 minutes, and determines that the caisson 3 is stagnant. Then, the controller controls the air pipe network 11 to release air and adjusts the air release pressure p of the air pipe network 11. At this time, the controller calculates the air release pressure p based on the functional relationship between the drag reduction coefficient r of the caisson 3 and the air release pressure p of the air pipe network 11. The air outlet pressure p of the air pipe network 11 is calculated. The obtained drag reduction coefficient r0 is then substituted into r in the above function relationship to calculate the air outlet pressure p of the air pipe network 11 in each stratum of the caisson 3. This allows the air curtain to be activated in all zones to reduce drag and aid sinking. When the sinking speed V of the caisson 3 is greater than or equal to the second preset value V2, the controller determines that the caisson 3 has suddenly sunk. The controller then controls the air pipe network 11 to stop venting air, cuts off the air source of the air curtain, and restores frictional resistance to suppress the sinking of the caisson 3.

[0027] As an optional implementation, in one embodiment of the invention, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, adjusting the air output parameters of the air pipe network 11 of the air curtain component 1 based on the sinking data collected by the data acquisition component 2 further includes: the spatial attitude data includes the comprehensive tilt angle and tilt azimuth angle of the caisson 3; when the comprehensive tilt angle of the caisson 3 is greater than a third preset value, the controller maps the tilt azimuth angle to the corresponding air curtain area, and the controller controls the air output of the air pipe network 11 in the air curtain area.

[0028] Specifically, the controller establishes a spatial coordinate system based on the data collected by the data acquisition component 2, with the longitudinal direction of the bridge as the X-axis and the transverse direction downstream as the Y-axis, i.e., the inclination angle (α, β) of the caisson 3 in the longitudinal and transverse directions of the bridge. The controller uses the formula: ; ; The combined tilt angle γ and tilt azimuth angle θ of the top surface of the caisson 3 relative to the horizontal plane are calculated. When the combined tilt angle γ is greater than the third preset value of 0.5%, the controller automatically starts the correction program. Based on the calculated tilt azimuth angle θ, it maps to the corresponding air curtain area. If θ = 60° (i.e., the direction of the large mileage and downstream side), then its opposite direction is determined to be 60° + 180° = 240° (i.e., the direction of the small mileage and upstream side). One or two air curtain areas corresponding to this 240° direction are the correction zones that need to be activated. The controller controls... The air supply of the gas pipeline network 11 in these correction zones is controlled to reduce the frictional resistance in this area, allowing the caisson 3 to retract towards the lower mileage and upstream direction under its own weight. In addition, the controller monitors the rate of change of γ (dγ / dt) in real time with a period of 100ms, and uses a PID control algorithm to dynamically adjust the air supply parameters of the gas pipeline network 11 in this correction zone. That is, the controller uses the rate of change of the comprehensive inclination angle γ as the process variable, and 0 as the target value (i.e., the desired rate of change is 0, for smooth retraction), according to the formula: ; The outlet pressure and flow rate of the air pipe network 11 are calculated and adjusted. The proportional coefficient Kp, integral coefficient Ki, and differential coefficient Kd need to be set on-site according to the specific size and soil quality of the caisson 3 to achieve stable, fast, and precise correction without overshoot.

[0029] As an optional implementation, in one embodiment of the invention, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, adjusting the air outlet parameters of the air pipe network 11 of the air curtain component 1 based on the sinking data collected by the data acquisition component 2 further includes: calculating and adjusting the air outlet pressure of the air pipe network 11 of the air curtain component 1 based on the drag reduction coefficient of the caisson 3 and the soil parameters of the caisson 3.

[0030] Specifically, the soil parameters of the caisson 3 include: cohesion c, soil internal friction angle φ, and pore water pressure. The soil parameters of each stratum of the caisson 3 can be obtained through geological survey. Further, the end resistance Ft and the ground contact area St of the caisson 3 can be obtained through the earth pressure sensor 23 of the data acquisition component 2. The side resistance Fs0 of the caisson 3 at the moment of settling can be obtained through the side wall resistance sensor 24 of the data acquisition component 2. The ultimate bearing capacity qt of the stratum where the cutting edge of the caisson 3 is located can be obtained through engineering geological survey report or field test. Then, the theoretical value of the side resistance Fs1 that causes the caisson 3 to start sliding can be calculated according to the formula Fs1=(Fs0+Ft)-St*qt. The ratio of this theoretical value Fs1 to Fs0 is the theoretical drag reduction coefficient r0 of the caisson 3. The soil parameters of each stratum of the caisson 3 can then be obtained through geological survey: drag reduction coefficient r, cohesion c, internal friction angle φ, and pore water pressure. According to the functional relationship between the drag reduction coefficient r of the caisson 3 and the outlet pressure of the gas pipeline network 11, p=f(r, c, φ, The controller calculates and adjusts the air outlet pressure p of the air pipe network 11 of the air curtain component 1 corresponding to each stratum of the caisson 3. By substituting the drag reduction coefficient r0 into r in the above functional relationship, the air outlet pressure p of the air pipe network 11 in each stratum of the caisson 3 can be calculated. The controller then controls the air outlet pressure p of the air pipe network 11 in each stratum of the caisson 3. At the same time, after the air curtain is activated, the controller can obtain the side resistance Fs of the caisson 3 at any time through the side wall resistance sensor 24, compare the side resistance Fs with the theoretical value Fs1, and then fine-tune the air outlet pressure p of the air pipe network 11 through the controller so that Fs at any time is always maintained near the theoretical value Fs1, ensuring that the caisson 3 sinks smoothly in a highly efficient and energy-saving state.

[0031] As an optional implementation, in one embodiment of the invention, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, adjusting the air outlet parameters of the air duct network 11 of the air curtain component 1 based on the sinking data collected by the data acquisition component 2 further includes: when the flow rate and pressure value of any section of the air curtain decrease to a fourth preset value, the controller controls the air duct network of other sections of the air curtain to stop air outlet; when the flow rate and pressure value of any section of the air curtain decreases and increases, the controller controls the air duct network of that section of the air curtain to outlet and adjusts the outlet pressure; when the flow rate and pressure value of any section of the air curtain increases and decreases, the controller controls the air duct network of that section of the air curtain to stop air outlet.

[0032] Specifically, the controller monitors the pressure value P and flow rate Q of each zone of the air curtain at a frequency of 1Hz. When the pressure value P and flow rate Q of a certain zone of the air curtain are within ±10% of a set value, it indicates that the air duct network 11 is in normal condition. When the flow rate Q and pressure value P of a certain zone of the air curtain decrease to a fourth preset value of 0, it indicates that the air duct network 11 of that zone is blocked. The controller controls the air duct network 11 of other zones of the air curtain to stop airflow, so that the airflow is concentrated and supplied to the blocked duct, using the sudden increase in air pressure to break open the blockage. When the flow rate Q of a certain zone of the air curtain decreases significantly but does not reach the fourth preset value, it indicates that the air duct network 11 of that zone is blocked. When the preset value is 0 and the pressure value P continues to rise, it indicates that the outlet air hole of the air pipe network 11 in that zone is partially blocked. The controller controls the air pipe network 11 in that zone to maintain or increase the pressure of that zone in a stepwise manner to continuously pressurize and flush out the blockage, and triggers an audible and visual alarm to alert maintenance personnel. When the flow rate value Q of a certain zone of the air curtain rises far beyond the set value and the pressure value P drops significantly, it indicates that the air pipe network 11 in that zone is ruptured and leaking. The controller controls the air pipe network of that zone of the air curtain to stop air output, isolates that zone from the system to prevent the overall system pressure from collapsing, and pops up an emergency alarm to indicate the location of the fault.

[0033] As an optional implementation, in one embodiment of the invention, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 2As shown, the air curtain assembly 1 further includes: an air compressor 12, an air tank 13, and a main air pipe 14. The air compressor 12 is located outside the caisson 3 and connected to the controller. The air tank 13 is located outside the caisson 3 and connected to the air compressor 12. The main air pipe 14 is connected to the air tank 13 and also to the air pipe network 11. A screw air compressor 12 provides a stable high-pressure air source with a rated pressure of 0.8 MPa and a discharge volume of not less than 10 m³ / min to the air pipe network 11. The air tank 13 is connected to the outlet of the air compressor 12 and is used to store compressed air, balance pressure fluctuations, and ensure pressure stability within the air pipe network 11. The main air pipe 14 uses a 63 mm outer diameter PPR pipe to transport compressed air to the air pipe network 11.

[0034] As an optional implementation, in one embodiment of the invention, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 2 As shown, the air pipe network 11 includes: multiple vertical air pipes 111 and multiple horizontal air pipes 112. The multiple vertical air pipes 111 are arranged circumferentially on the wall of the caisson 3. Each vertical air pipe 111 is connected to the main air pipe 14. Multiple solenoid valves 113 and multiple proportional valves 114, connected to the controller, are spaced apart on each vertical air pipe 111. Multiple horizontal air pipes 112 are spaced apart on each vertical air pipe 111 along the length of the caisson 3. Each horizontal air pipe 112 is also spaced apart on each vertical air pipe 111 and connected to the controller. The multiple horizontal air pipes 112 and one vertical air pipe 112... 11 forms a section of the air curtain. Each of the solenoid valves 113 and proportional valves 114 is connected to the controller. The controller controls the opening and closing, opening size, and air flow and pressure of the corresponding solenoid valves 113 and proportional valves 114 according to the sinking speed of the caisson 3, the spatial attitude data of the caisson 3, the drag reduction coefficient of the caisson 3, and the flow and pressure values ​​of each section of the air curtain. By closing the solenoid valve 113, the air pipe network 11 stops air output; by opening the solenoid valve 113, the air pipe network 11 outputs air; and by adjusting the opening size, air flow and pressure of the proportional valve 114, the flow and pressure values ​​of each section of the air curtain are adjusted.

[0035] Furthermore, the vertical air pipes 111 are all made of PPR pipe with an outer diameter of 25mm, and the horizontal air pipes 112 are all made of PPR pipe with an outer diameter of 10mm. Each vertical air pipe 111 is connected to a horizontal air pipe 112 every 1.5 meters along the vertical direction through a branch pipe joint. The horizontal air pipes 112 are arranged horizontally around the caisson 3. The walls of the horizontal air pipes 112 are evenly drilled with air holes of 1.5mm in diameter at 1.5m intervals. The air holes on the horizontal air pipes 112 face the outer wall of the caisson 3, and the angle between the axis of the air hole and the surface of the outer wall of the caisson 3 is 45°.

[0036] As an optional implementation, in one embodiment of the invention, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 2 As shown, there are sixteen vertical air pipes 111, which form sixteen zones of the air curtain. According to the planar dimensions of the caisson 3, sixteen vertical air pipes 111 are evenly embedded in the circumference of the caisson 3 wall, dividing the entire sidewall of the caisson 3 into 16 independent air curtain control areas. This facilitates zoned control and adjustment, improves the adjustment accuracy of each area of ​​the air curtain, and enables timely adjustment and correction of the caisson sinking posture through zoned correction.

[0037] As an optional implementation, in one embodiment of the invention, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the data acquisition component 2 includes: multiple GPS sensors 21, multiple hydrostatic level sensors 22, multiple earth pressure sensors 23, multiple sidewall resistance sensors 24, multiple flow meters 25, and multiple air pressure sensors 26. The multiple GPS sensors 21 are mounted on the top surface of the caisson 3 and connected to the controller to acquire the sinking speed of the caisson 3; the multiple hydrostatic level sensors 22 are mounted on the top surface of the caisson 3 and connected to the controller to acquire the comprehensive inclination angle and tilt azimuth angle of the caisson 3; the multiple earth pressure sensors... A plurality of sidewall resistance sensors 23 are spaced apart at the center of the foot tread surface of the caisson 3 and connected to the controller to obtain the drag reduction coefficient of the caisson 3; a plurality of sidewall resistance sensors 24 are circumferentially spaced apart on the sidewall of the caisson 3 and connected to the controller to obtain the drag reduction coefficient of the caisson 3; a plurality of flow meters 25 are installed on the vertical air pipe 111 and the horizontal air pipe 112 to obtain the flow rate value of the air curtain; a plurality of air pressure sensors 26 are installed on the vertical air pipe 111 and the horizontal air pipe 112 to obtain the pressure value of the air curtain.

[0038] Specifically, four GPS reference stations are set at the corner points of the top surface of the caisson 3. The absolute coordinates of the caisson 3 are monitored by GPS sensors 21. The controller calculates the sinking amount by calculating the coordinate changes and then calculates the sinking speed V of the caisson 3 by differentiation. Nine measuring points are arranged at the four corners, the midpoints of the four sides, and the center of the top surface of the caisson 3. The relative elevation changes of each measuring point are monitored in real time by high-precision static leveling sensors 22, with a measurement accuracy of ±0.1%. Based on this data, the controller can further calculate the inclination angles (α, β) of the caisson 3 in the longitudinal and transverse directions of the bridge. The controller then calculates the combined inclination angle γ and tilt azimuth angle θ of the top surface of the caisson 3 relative to the horizontal plane based on these inclination angles (α, β). The earth pressure sensor is a vibrating wire earth pressure cell, arranged at the center of the cutting edge of the caisson 3, used to measure the end resistance Ft of the caisson 3. Eight side wall resistance sensors are evenly distributed along the perimeter of the caisson 3 every 3m on its sidewalls to measure the side resistance F at different depths. The controller calculates the theoretical drag reduction coefficient r0 and the drag reduction coefficient r at any time based on the end resistance Ft, the side resistance Fs0 at the stagnation moment, and the side resistance Fs at any time. Thermal mass flow meters 25 and piezoresistive air pressure sensors 26 are installed on the air pipes of the sixteen air curtain control zones to monitor the real-time flow rate Q and pressure P of the compressed air in each zone. The data acquisition component 2 realizes accurate data acquisition and intelligent precise control and active correction of the sinking process of the caisson 3, without relying on manual experience for regulation, thus improving the accuracy of system regulation.

[0039] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0040] It should be noted that in this invention, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0041] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features of the invention herein.

Claims

1. A smart air curtain-assisted caisson sinking system, characterized in that, include: An air curtain assembly (1) includes an air pipe network (11) circumferentially disposed within the caisson (3), and the air curtain assembly (1) generates an air curtain on the outer wall of the caisson (3) by venting air through the air pipe network (11). Data acquisition component (2), which is located inside the caisson (3) and is used to collect the sinking data of the caisson (3); The controller is connected to the air curtain assembly (1) and the data acquisition assembly (2) respectively, and is configured to: Obtain the sinking data collected by the data acquisition component (2); The air output parameters of the air duct network (11) of the air curtain assembly (1) are adjusted according to the sinking data collected by the data acquisition component (2).

2. The intelligent air curtain-assisted caisson sinking system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sinking data includes the sinking speed of the caisson (3), the spatial attitude data of the caisson (3), the drag reduction coefficient of the caisson (3), and the flow rate and pressure value of each section of the air curtain.

3. The intelligent air curtain-assisted caisson sinking system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The adjustment of the air outlet parameters of the air duct network (11) of the air curtain component (1) based on the sinking data collected by the data acquisition component (2) includes: When the sinking speed of the caisson (3) is greater than the first preset value and less than the second preset value, the controller controls the gas pipeline network (11) to maintain the current state; When the sinking speed of the caisson (3) is less than or equal to the first preset value, the controller controls the gas pipeline network (11) to release gas and adjusts the pressure of the released gas. When the sinking speed of the caisson (3) is greater than or equal to the second preset value, the controller controls the gas pipeline network (11) to stop gas output.

4. The intelligent air curtain-assisted caisson sinking system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The method of adjusting the air outlet parameters of the air duct network (11) of the air curtain component (1) based on the sinking data collected by the data acquisition component (2) further includes: The spatial attitude data includes the comprehensive tilt angle and tilt azimuth angle of the caisson (3); When the overall inclination angle of the caisson (3) is greater than the third preset value, the controller maps to the corresponding air curtain area according to the inclination azimuth angle, and the controller controls the air pipe network (11) of the air curtain area to release air.

5. The intelligent air curtain-assisted caisson sinking system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The method of adjusting the air outlet parameters of the air duct network (11) of the air curtain component (1) based on the sinking data collected by the data acquisition component (2) further includes: The air pressure of the air pipe network (11) of the air curtain assembly (1) is calculated and adjusted based on the drag reduction coefficient of the caisson (3) and the soil parameters of the caisson (3).

6. The intelligent air curtain-assisted caisson sinking system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The method of adjusting the air outlet parameters of the air duct network (11) of the air curtain component (1) based on the sinking data collected by the data acquisition component (2) further includes: When the flow rate and pressure value of any zone of the air curtain decrease to the fourth preset value, the controller controls the air pipe network (11) of the other zones of the air curtain to stop air output; When the flow rate of any section of the air curtain decreases and the pressure increases, the controller controls the air duct network (11) of that section of the air curtain to release air and adjusts the pressure of the released air. When the flow rate of any section of the air curtain increases and the pressure decreases, the controller controls the air duct network (11) of that section of the air curtain to stop venting.

7. The intelligent air curtain-assisted caisson sinking system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air curtain assembly (1) also includes: An air compressor (12) is located outside the caisson (3) and connected to the controller; An air storage tank (13) is located outside the caisson (3) and connected to the air compressor (12); The main air pipe (14) is connected to the gas storage tank (13) and is also connected to the air pipe network (11).

8. The intelligent air curtain-assisted caisson sinking system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The tracheal network (11) includes: Multiple vertical air pipes (111) are arranged on the wall of the caisson (3) along the circumferential direction. Each vertical air pipe (111) is connected to the main air pipe (14). Multiple solenoid valves (113) and multiple proportional valves (114) connected to the controller are spaced apart on each vertical air pipe (111). Multiple horizontal air pipes (112) are spaced apart along the length of the caisson (3) on a vertical air pipe (111). Each horizontal air pipe (112) is also spaced apart on multiple solenoid valves (113) and multiple proportional valves (114) connected to the controller. The multiple horizontal air pipes (112) and the vertical air pipe (111) form a section of the air curtain.

9. The intelligent air curtain-assisted caisson sinking system according to claim 8, characterized in that: There are sixteen vertical air ducts (111), and the sixteen vertical air ducts (111) form sixteen zones of the air curtain.

10. The intelligent air curtain-assisted caisson sinking system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The data acquisition component (2) includes: Multiple GPS sensors (21) are installed on the top surface of the caisson (3) and connected to the controller to obtain the sinking speed of the caisson (3); Multiple static leveling sensors (22) are installed on the top surface of the caisson (3) and connected to the controller to obtain the comprehensive tilt angle and tilt azimuth angle of the caisson (3); Multiple earth pressure sensors (23) are provided at the center of the cutting edge of the caisson (3) and connected to the controller to obtain the drag reduction coefficient of the caisson (3). Multiple sidewall resistance sensors (24) are circumferentially spaced on the sidewall of the caisson (3) and connected to the controller to obtain the drag reduction coefficient of the caisson (3); Multiple flow meters (25) are provided on the air duct network (11) for obtaining the flow rate value of the air curtain; Multiple pressure sensors (26) are provided on the air duct network (11) for acquiring the pressure value of the air curtain.

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