Collision damper and damping method thereof
By using a collision damper made of graphene-rubber composite material and VHB adhesive, combined with spring steel and limiting devices, the problems of limited installation and poor robustness of traditional dampers in submarine suspended pipelines are solved. This achieves efficient energy dissipation and frequency tuning, improves vibration reduction effect and system adaptability, and adapts to changes in the marine environment.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511645530.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-11-11
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-06
AI Technical Summary
Traditional tuned mass dampers increase initial internal forces and deflections in subsea suspended pipelines, have limited installation, poor robustness, and their damping effect depends on precise frequency matching, making them difficult to adapt to changes in the marine environment.
The collision damper, which uses graphene-rubber composite material and VHB adhesive, combined with spring steel and limiting device, achieves efficient energy dissipation and frequency tuning through the synergistic effect of multiple components. The VHB adhesive layer absorbs impact energy to prevent structural damage, and the vibration characteristics of the subsea pipeline are matched by on-site fine-tuning.
It significantly improves the vibration reduction efficiency and system robustness of subsea pipelines, adapts to frequency deviations of marine dynamic loads, has a simple and low-cost structure, is adaptable to harsh seabed environments, and extends service life.
Smart Images
Figure CN121474446A_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of damper, in particular to a collision damper and a shock absorption method thereof. BACKGROUND
[0002] As the core infrastructure to ensure resource transportation, the safe operation of submarine pipelines is facing multiple challenges. Waves, ocean currents and earthquakes and other dynamic loads continue to act on the pipeline, especially when the pipeline is not landed on the seabed to form a "submarine suspended pipeline", which is prone to resonance phenomenon, and further leads to structural damage. Such accidents not only cause huge economic losses, but also may cause serious marine environmental pollution problems.
[0003] To cope with this risk, the engineering field generally adjusts the structural characteristics by installing control devices to achieve vibration suppression under external load. The current mainstream vibration control means is divided into passive control, active control, semi-active control and hybrid control four categories, among which passive control is the most widely used in practical engineering. As a typical passive control device, the tuned mass damper becomes a common choice in engineering practice due to its simple structure, convenient installation and maintenance and other advantages. When the tuned mass damper is applied to marine structures, seawater can provide additional mass and damping, further improving its control effect, which makes it have application potential in submarine suspended pipelines. However, this damper also has obvious limitations: it will increase the initial internal force and deflection of the pipeline, and its installation is limited by the shape and size of the structure, and its robustness is poor. Moreover, the shock absorption effect of the tuned mass damper is highly dependent on accurate frequency matching, and when the natural frequency of the main structure deviates due to environmental factors such as marine temperature fluctuations and changes in pipeline stress state, its shock absorption effect will decrease sharply. These inherent defects show that the traditional tuned mass damper still needs to be optimized and upgraded, and more efficient and practical submarine suspended pipeline shock absorption technology needs to be developed.
[0004] Therefore, the development of a new type of collision tuned mass damper suitable for submarine environment and the exploration of its anti-seismic method have important practical significance for suppressing harmful vibrations of the pipeline under various marine dynamic loads and ensuring its long-term safe and stable operation. SUMMARY
[0005] Therefore, the present application provides a collision damper and a shock absorption method thereof to solve the above problems, which requires less equipment and is easy to install; the collision damper and the shock absorption method thereof combining graphene-rubber composite material and VHB adhesive effectively suppress the harmful vibrations of the submarine pipeline under various marine dynamic actions.
[0006] The collision damper provided by the present application mainly comprises a submarine pipeline, a layer of viscoelastic material, a spring steel and a limiting device with adhesive tape attached to the surface.
[0007] The mass (submarine pipeline) is sequentially wrapped with an inner viscoelastic material layer, an inner limiting device with adhesive tape attached to the surface, spring steel, an outer viscoelastic material layer, and an outer limiting device with adhesive tape attached to the surface. The spring steel and the limiting device are integrally connected through bolts; the spring steel serves as a support and a buffer; the limiting device comprises double-sided foam tape and a limiting tube. A certain installation and deformation gap is left between the submarine pipeline and the inner viscoelastic material; the inner viscoelastic material is attached to the inner limiting device, and the outer viscoelastic material layer is correspondingly attached to the outer limiting device. When the submarine pipeline is attached to the inner viscoelastic material, the spring steel is in a free stretching equilibrium state.
[0008] Further, the inner and outer viscoelastic material layers are made of graphene-rubber nanocomposites. Compared with ordinary reinforced rubber, graphene-rubber nanocomposites have the following advantages: high damping factor, strong interfacial friction between graphene and rubber molecular chains, which can effectively dissipate vibration energy; high dynamic modulus, the material exhibits higher modulus under dynamic load, which can effectively resist deformation and provide better support; excellent fatigue durability, the two-dimensional sheet structure of graphene can effectively prevent the expansion of microcracks, greatly improving the fatigue resistance of the material under long-term alternating stress and prolonging the service life of the device.
[0009] Further, the spring steel is a spring-shaped high-strength beta-titanium alloy spring steel. High-strength beta-titanium alloy achieves the best balance in strength, corrosion resistance, hydrogen brittleness resistance, and weight. Although the initial cost is high, its ultra-long service life and reliability can reduce the life cycle cost. Further, when the spring steel is in an equilibrium position, the mass and the upper and lower viscoelastic material layers are slightly left with gaps and are not pressed.
[0010] Further, the outermost limiting device is a combination of VHB double-sided tape and a corrosion-resistant, wear-resistant, and marine bio-attachment-resistant copper alloy limiting tube, and the inner limiting device is a combination of VHB tape and a more economical high-strength stainless steel limiting tube. VHB tape has extremely high adhesive force, excellent high-temperature and high-humidity performance, is suitable for various types of surfaces such as metal, plastic, and composite materials, has the characteristics, can also absorb impact and vibration, and reduce the impact on connected parts.
[0011] Further, the bolts connecting the spring steel and the limiting device need to be tightened with M12 nuts.
[0012] The application also provides a damping method based on the above-mentioned impact damper, comprising the following steps:
[0013] When the submarine pipeline vibrates as a mass under the action of ocean dynamic load such as wave, current or earthquake, the vibration energy is transmitted to the damper structure wrapped outside, and high-efficiency damping is realized through the synergistic effect of multiple components. First, the viscoelastic layer composed of graphene-rubber composite material will efficiently convert mechanical energy into heat energy and dissipate in periodic deformation, realizing the first stage of broadband vibration damping. At the same time, the spring steel undergoes a small elastic deformation, stores and releases part of the kinetic energy, plays a frequency tuning and buffering role, and its restoring force effectively controls the mass displacement, enhancing the adaptability of the system to low-frequency vibration. When the vibration intensity exceeds the preset threshold, the mass collides with the viscoelastic layer, at which time the VHB adhesive layer in the limiting device utilizes its high adhesion and elasticity to absorb and buffer the impact energy, prevents structural damage, and converts part of the kinetic energy into interface deformation energy and heat energy, thereby exciting nonlinear collision energy dissipation. In addition, during installation, by adjusting the pre-tightening force of the spring steel and the gap of the viscoelastic layer, the inherent frequency of the damper can be fine-tuned on site, so that it accurately matches the actual vibration characteristics of the submarine pipeline, thereby comprehensively improving the damping efficiency and system robustness.
[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages:
[0015] 1. The collision damper and its damping method provided by the present application can effectively absorb and buffer impact energy when the vibration intensity exceeds the preset threshold, prevent structural damage, and convert part of the kinetic energy into interface deformation energy and heat energy, thereby exciting nonlinear collision energy dissipation. In addition, during installation, by adjusting the pre-tightening force of the spring steel and the gap of the viscoelastic layer, the inherent frequency of the damper can be fine-tuned on site, so that it accurately matches the actual vibration characteristics of the submarine pipeline, thereby comprehensively improving the damping efficiency and system robustness.
[0016] 2. The collision damper and its damping method provided by the present application have simple structure and low cost, and are easy to promote and apply in engineering; compared with traditional L-type, M-type and other tuned mass damper devices, they have better protection effect on submarine pipelines; the outermost limiting device adopts a combination of VHB double-sided adhesive tape with excellent peel strength, water resistance, sealing effect, high adhesion performance and vibration absorption performance, and a material with pressure resistance, corrosion resistance and anti-bioadhesion, which can effectively adapt to the harsh environment of the seabed and ensure the service life. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific embodiments or the prior art of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the specific embodiments or the prior art description. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present application, and all other drawings obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work based on these drawings also belong to the protection scope of the present application.
[0018] Fig. 1 Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the radial cross-section structure of the present application;
[0019] Fig. 2 Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the axial cross-section structure of the present application.
[0020] Legend of reference signs:
[0021] 1, submarine pipeline; 2, inner viscoelastic material layer; 3, inner limiting device, 4, bolt; 5, spring steel; 6, outer viscoelastic material layer; 7, outer limiting device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0022] The technical solutions of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in combination with the drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work also belong to the protection scope of the present application.
[0023] Embodiment 1
[0024] Reference Figs. 1-2 The present application provides a kind of impact damper. The present application mainly includes: submarine pipeline 1, inner viscoelastic material layer 2, surface is attached with inner limiting device 3 of tape, spring steel 5, outer viscoelastic material layer 6, surface is attached with outer limiting device 7 of tape. Mass (submarine pipeline) is successively wrapped with viscoelastic material layer, surface is attached with limiting device of tape, spring steel, viscoelastic material layer, surface is attached with limiting device of tape. Inner viscoelastic material 2 is pasted on inner limiting device 3, and outer viscoelastic material layer 6 is pasted on outer limiting device 7 correspondingly for the same reason.
[0025] To ensure the durability when acting on "submarine suspended pipeline", the viscoelastic material layer uses graphene-rubber nanocomposite material. As preferably, natural rubber / synthetic rubber is used, and graphene is added. Graphene composite material can provide wider damping frequency response, and its high strength and creep resistance ensure the durability of suspension.
[0026] In order to adapt the collision damper to the seabed environment and ensure its durability, the outer limiting device 7 adopts a combination of VHB double-sided adhesive tape and copper alloy, which has excellent peeling strength, water resistance, sealing effect, high adhesion, and vibration absorption performance.
[0027] In order to make the collision damper more economical, the inner limiting device 3 adopts a combination of VHB adhesive and high-strength stainless steel, which has a high cost performance. Fig. 2 As shown in the figure, the collision damper also includes a bolt 4.
[0028] The spring steel 5 is fixed on the inner limiting device 3 and the outer limiting device 7 by the bolt 4. The bolt connecting the spring steel 5 and the limiting device needs to be tightened with an M12 nut. During production and early installation, attention should be paid to ensure that the seabed pipeline 1, i.e. the mass block and the inner viscoelastic material 2, are in contact with the spring steel 5 in a free stretching equilibrium state.
[0029] The thickness of the inner and outer viscoelastic material layer is 3mm; the limiting device adopts a combination of VHB adhesive and alloy material, the thickness of the VHB double-sided adhesive tape is 0.6mm, and the thickness of the alloy material (including copper alloy and high-strength stainless steel) pipe wall is 2mm.
[0030] Based on the above-mentioned shock absorption method of the collision damper, the seabed pipeline is subjected to shock absorption, and the specific steps are as follows:
[0031] When the seabed pipeline 1 as a mass block vibrates under the action of ocean dynamic load such as wave, current or earthquake, the vibration energy is transmitted to the damper structure wrapped outside.
[0032] Firstly, the viscoelastic layer composed of graphene-rubber composite material converts mechanical energy into heat energy and dissipates it efficiently in periodic deformation by virtue of its high damping factor and large interface friction area, realizing the first stage of broadband vibration reduction; at the same time, the spring steel 5 undergoes slight elastic deformation, which buffers and stores elastic energy, and its restoring force effectively controls the displacement of the mass block, enhancing the adaptability of the system to low-frequency vibration.
[0033] As the vibration amplitude increases, the pipeline 1 first collides with the inner viscoelastic layer 2 composed of graphene-rubber composite material on the inner side, which rapidly dissipates part of the kinetic energy by utilizing its high damping factor and dynamic modulus; if the vibration is further enhanced, the pipeline will continue to collide with the outer viscoelastic layer 6, forming secondary energy absorption; the limiting device composed of VHB adhesive and alloy limiting tube on the inner and outer sides ensures that the structure does not shift or fall off during collision, effectively limiting the displacement amplitude of the mass block, and the VHB adhesive layer absorbs and buffers the impact energy by utilizing its high adhesion and elasticity, preventing structural damage, and converting part of the kinetic energy into interface deformation energy and heat energy, thereby exciting nonlinear collision energy dissipation.
[0034] The double collision mechanism triggers and cooperates in turn, significantly broadens the shock absorption frequency band, improves the adaptability to frequency deviation, and resets the system after the end of the collision with the help of the elastic recovery force of spring steel, ready to respond to the next vibration, which can effectively suppress the transmission of marine dynamic load to the submarine pipeline.
[0035] Obviously, the above embodiments are only examples for clearly illustrating, but not limitation to the embodiments. Other different forms of changes or variations can be made on the basis of the above description for those skilled in the art. Here, all the embodiments need not and cannot be exhausted. The obvious changes or variations derived therefrom are still within the protection scope of the present application.
Claims
1. A collision damper, characterized in that, include: The inner viscoelastic material layer (2) on the outer surface of the submarine pipeline (1) is provided with an inner limiting device (3) on the outer surface of the inner viscoelastic material layer (2); the outer surface of the inner limiting device (3) is connected to an outer viscoelastic material layer (6) by spring steel (5), and the outer surface of the outer viscoelastic material layer (6) is provided with an outer limiting device (7).
2. The collision damper according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner viscoelastic material layer (2), the inner limiting device (3), the outer viscoelastic material layer (6) and the outer viscoelastic material layer (6) are all cylindrical structures.
3. The collision damper according to claim 2, characterized in that, There are eight spring steels (5) in total, which are divided into two groups. The two groups of spring steels (5) are evenly arranged along the axial direction of the inner limiting device (3); each group of spring steels (5) is evenly arranged along the radial direction of the inner limiting device (3).
4. The collision damper according to claim 3, characterized in that, The spring steel (5) is connected to the outer limit device (7) through the outer viscoelastic material layer (6) at one end away from the inner limit device (3); the two ends of the spring steel (5) are connected to the inner limit device (3) and the outer limit device (7) by bolts (4).
5. The collision damper according to claim 4, characterized in that, Both the inner limiting device (3) and the outer limiting device (7) are limiting tubes with adhesive tape attached to their surfaces.
6. The collision damper according to claim 5, characterized in that, The limiting tube in the outer limiting device (7) is made of copper alloy, and the limiting tube in the inner limiting device (3) is made of stainless steel.
7. The collision damper according to claim 6, characterized in that, There is a gap for installation and deformation between the submarine pipeline (1) and the inner viscoelastic material layer (2).
8. The collision damper according to claim 7, characterized in that, When the subsea pipeline (1) is bonded to the inner viscoelastic material layer (2), the spring steel (5) is in a state of free stretching equilibrium.
9. The collision damper according to claim 8, characterized in that, The inner viscoelastic material layer (2) and the outer viscoelastic material layer (6) are made of graphene-rubber nanocomposite material.
10. A vibration reduction method based on the collision damper according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: When a submarine pipeline (1) vibrates as a mass block under marine dynamic loads such as waves, currents or earthquakes, the vibration energy is transferred to the damper structure wrapped around it. First, the viscoelastic layer composed of graphene-rubber composite material, in the periodic deformation, efficiently converts mechanical energy into heat energy and dissipates it with its high damping factor and huge interfacial friction area, thus achieving the first stage of broadband vibration reduction; at the same time, the spring steel (5) undergoes small elastic deformation, which buffers and stores elastic energy, and its restoring force effectively controls the displacement of the mass block, enhancing the system's adaptability to low-frequency vibration. As the vibration amplitude increases, the pipeline first collides with the inner viscoelastic material layer (2), and uses the high damping factor and dynamic modulus of the material to quickly dissipate part of the kinetic energy. If the vibration intensifies further, the pipeline will continue to trigger a second collision with the outer viscoelastic material layer (6), forming a secondary energy absorption; while the limiting devices on both the inner and outer sides ensure that the structure does not shift or fall off during the collision, effectively limiting the displacement amplitude of the mass block.