An automatic device for preparing rare earth oxide by burning rare earth carbonate and a method of use

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of industrial kiln technology and discloses an automated device and method for preparing rare earth oxides by calcining rare earth carbonates. The device includes a base with a segmented heat treatment mechanism mounted on it. The segmented heat treatment mechanism includes an annular heat insulation cover positioned above the base and open at one end. A preheating zone is located at one end of the inner side of the annular heat insulation cover, and a calcining zone is located at the other end. A heat-conducting box is installed inside the calcining zone, and a heat exchanger is installed in the preheating zone. A running mechanism is mounted on the base. This invention, through the segmented heat treatment mechanism in conjunction with the running mechanism, can introduce the high-temperature flue gas generated during calcination into the preheating zone, allowing the material to absorb a large amount of residual heat before entering the calcining zone. This significantly shortens the time required for the material to reach the process temperature, greatly reduces fuel consumption, and improves overall thermal efficiency. Simultaneously, the synergistic design of the annular conveying channel and the double-carrying plate improves production continuity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of industrial kiln technology, and in particular to an automated device and method for preparing rare earth oxides by calcining rare earth carbonates. Background Technology

[0002] In rare earth hydrometallurgical processes, rare earth carbonates or rare earth oxalates, as intermediate products, must undergo high-temperature thermal decomposition to be converted into high-purity rare earth oxides. This is a necessary step for the subsequent preparation of key functional materials such as high-performance magnetic materials and luminescent materials. Industrial kilns are the core equipment for realizing this calcination process. They can provide a stable and uniform heating environment for the materials at a high temperature and maintain a calcination time of about 1.5 hours, thereby ensuring that the rare earth salts are completely decomposed and converted into oxides that meet quality requirements, thus satisfying the industrial needs of large-scale and continuous production.

[0003] However, the commonly used calcining kilns currently have certain design and operational flaws: on the one hand, their thermal energy utilization efficiency is low, and the high-temperature flue gas generated during calcination is often directly discharged without effectively preheating and recovering the incoming cold materials or combustion air. This not only causes a large amount of energy waste but also prolongs the time required for the materials to reach the set process temperature, increasing overall energy consumption and production costs. On the other hand, the production mode of the kilns is mostly intermittent, meaning that after each batch of materials is calcined, it is necessary to discharge and reload, forcing the production process to be interrupted. This discontinuous operation severely restricts equipment utilization and production rhythm, resulting in low production efficiency. Therefore, developing a kiln device that can integrate waste heat recovery and achieve continuous automated feeding and discharging has become the key to improving the economy and efficiency of this process. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is that existing kilns suffer from heat loss due to unrecovered waste heat and long material heating time, as well as intermittent operation leading to discontinuous production and low efficiency. To address this, we propose an automated device and method for preparing rare earth oxides by calcining rare earth carbonates.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solution: an automated device for preparing rare earth oxides by calcination of rare earth carbonates, comprising a base, a segmented heat treatment mechanism on the base, the segmented heat treatment mechanism including an annular heat insulation cover disposed above the base and open at one end, a preheating zone disposed at one end of the inner side of the annular heat insulation cover, a calcination zone disposed at the other end, a heat conduction box installed inside the calcination zone, a burner disposed through the side wall of the heat conduction box, a flue gas pipe disposed at one end of the heat conduction box, a heat exchanger disposed in the preheating zone, the flue gas pipe being connected to the inlet of the heat exchanger, and the outlet of the heat exchanger being connected to the outside;

[0006] A rotating mechanism is provided on the base. The rotating mechanism includes a rotating ring rotatably mounted on the base. A pair of material carrier plates are movably mounted on the upper end of the rotating ring. Material carrier containers are mounted on the material carrier plates. A first outer ring groove is provided on the top periphery of the rotating ring, and a first inner ring groove is provided on the inner periphery. A slider and a second slider are respectively installed on the bottom of the material carrier plates for movably connecting with the first outer ring groove and the first inner ring groove. A second inner ring groove corresponding to the first outer ring groove is provided on the top periphery of the base, and a second outer ring groove corresponding to the first inner ring groove is provided on the inner periphery. A floating column is vertically and movably mounted at one end of the inner side of the first outer ring groove and one end of the inner side of the first inner ring groove. An outer arc plate is provided at one end of the inner side of the second outer ring groove, and an inner arc plate is provided at the end of the inner side of the second inner ring groove away from the outer arc plate. One end of the outer arc plate and the inner arc plate are both inclined surfaces. A power source for driving the rotating ring to rotate is installed on the base.

[0007] Preferably, a central column is installed through the middle of the upper end of the annular heat insulation cover, and a flue gas outlet is provided at the upper end of the central column. The outlet of the heat exchanger extends to the inner side of the central column and is connected to the bottom of the flue gas outlet.

[0008] Preferably, when the bottom of the floating column corresponds to the top of the outer arc plate or the inner arc plate, its upper end protrudes from the inner wall of the first outer ring groove or the first inner ring groove, and the protruding part at the upper end of the floating column can drive the material plate to move through the first slider or the second slider.

[0009] When the bottom of the floating column corresponds to the bottom wall of the second inner ring groove or the second outer ring groove, its upper end does not protrude from the inner wall of the first outer ring groove or the first inner ring groove. At this time, the upper end of the floating column can pass through the bottom of the first slider or the second slider.

[0010] Preferably, the inclined surface of one end of the inner arc plate corresponds to the end of the calcination zone near the preheating zone, and the end of the inner arc plate away from the inclined surface corresponds to the end of the annular heat insulation cover opening near the calcination zone.

[0011] The inclined surface at one end of the outer arc plate corresponds to the end of the annular heat insulation cover opening that is closer to the calcination zone, and the end of the outer arc plate that is away from the inclined surface corresponds to the end of the calcination zone that is closer to the preheating zone.

[0012] Preferably, a cylinder corresponding to the floating column is embedded in the inner side of the first inner ring groove and the first outer ring groove. The floating column is vertically and movably connected to the inner side of the cylinder. A protrusion is provided on the lower side wall of the floating column. A first elastic element is provided between the top of the floating column and the top of the inner side of the cylinder.

[0013] Preferably, the bottom wall of the floating column is movably provided with balls or rollers protruding from the bottom of the floating column.

[0014] Preferably, the lower side wall of the central column and the lower inner wall of the annular heat insulation cover are both provided with arc-shaped guide rails corresponding to the material carrier plate, and the two ends of the material carrier plate are respectively movably connected to the guide rails.

[0015] Preferably, the opening, preheating zone and calcination zone of the annular heat insulation cover are separated from each other by a heat insulation structure. The heat insulation structure includes a partition plate installed on the top of the inner side of the annular heat insulation cover. The lower end of the partition plate is open. A floating plate is vertically and movably arranged inside the opening. A sealing block adapted to the first outer annular groove and the first inner annular groove is provided at the bottom of the floating plate.

[0016] The top edge of the material carrier plate is provided with a flange, and the top of the flange is higher than the top of the material container. The two ends of the flange are provided with guide slopes located on the side wall of the material carrier plate. The bottom of the floating plate is rotatably provided with rollers corresponding to the guide slopes.

[0017] Preferably, a second elastic element is provided between the top of the floating plate and the inner top of the partition.

[0018] The present invention also relates to an embodiment, specifically a method for using an automated device for preparing rare earth oxides by calcining rare earth carbonates, comprising the following steps:

[0019] S1: During initial processing, one of the material carrier plates carries the material in the roasting zone and roasts it through the heat radiation of the heat conduction box. The flue gas enters the heat exchanger in the preheating zone. The other material carrier plate is located in the opening area of ​​the annular heat insulation cover, which can be used for unloading and loading operations.

[0020] S2: After the loading of the material plate in the opening area of ​​the annular heat insulation cover is completed, when the remaining roasting time of the material in the roasting zone is the same as the required preheating time of the material, the operating mechanism first drives the material plate in the opening area of ​​the annular heat insulation cover into the preheating zone for preheating, while the material plate in the roasting zone remains stationary.

[0021] S3: After preheating is completed, the calcination ends. The operating mechanism simultaneously drives the two material carrier plates to move. The calcined material carrier plates move to the opening area of ​​the annular heat insulation cover to wait for feeding and loading. The preheated material carrier plates enter the calcination zone, and this cycle continues.

[0022] The technical effects and advantages of this invention are as follows:

[0023] In this invention, a segmented heat treatment mechanism, in conjunction with an operating mechanism, allows high-temperature flue gas generated during calcination to be introduced into a preheating zone. This continuously preheats the cold material about to enter the roasting zone, ensuring that the material absorbs a significant amount of residual heat before entering the roasting zone. This significantly shortens the time required for the material to reach the process temperature, greatly reduces fuel consumption, and improves overall thermal efficiency. Simultaneously, the coordinated design of a ring conveyor channel and dual loading plates ensures precise temporal and spatial integration of the preheating, calcination, and unloading processes. When one fully loaded loading plate enters the roasting zone for calcination, the other loading plate can unload, load, and preheat the material. When the material in the roasting zone is fully calcined, the two loading plates can move synchronously. The calcined material is removed to await loading and unloading, while the preheated material enters the roasting zone for further calcination. This mechanism ensures continuous operation of the roasting zone, avoiding production interruptions caused by waiting for cooling and manual loading / unloading in traditional intermittent operations. This improves equipment utilization and capacity while reducing labor intensity and human error risks, achieving the dual benefits of energy saving and high-efficiency production. Attached Figure Description

[0024] The disclosure of this invention is illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this invention. In the drawings, the same reference numerals are used to refer to the same parts:

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the base and annular heat shield of the present invention in a disassembled state;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of the heat exchanger, heat transfer box, rotating ring, and central column of the present invention in a disassembled state.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the base, rotating ring, and material carrier plate of the present invention in their disassembled state;

[0029] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 A structural diagram from the bottom perspective;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the specific structure of the base and rotating ring of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the overall process of the floating column, the first slider, and the second slider of the inner arc plate of the present invention in cooperation.

[0032] Figure 8 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the floating column of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the flange and the carrier plate of the present invention in a disassembled state;

[0034] Figure 10 This is a structural diagram of the partition and floating plate of the present invention in their disassembled state.

[0035] Legend: 1. Base; 2. Annular heat insulation cover; 3. Central column; 4. Flue gas outlet; 5. Burner; 6. Carrying plate; 7. Carrying container; 8. Rotary ring; 9. Power source; 10. Heat exchanger; 11. Heat transfer box; 12. Baffle; 13. Floating plate; 14. Flue gas pipe; 15. Guide rail; 16. First outer ring groove; 17. First inner ring groove; 18. Floating column; 19. Flange; 20. Guide slope; 21. Outer arc plate; 22. First slider; 23. Inner arc plate; 24. Second inner ring groove; 25. Second outer ring groove; 26. Cylinder; 27. First elastic element; 28. Protrusion; 29. ​​Sealing block; 30. Roller; 31. Second elastic element; 32. Guide rod; 33. Second slider. Detailed Implementation

[0036] It is readily understood that, based on the technical solution of this invention, those skilled in the art can propose various interchangeable structural methods and implementations without altering the essential spirit of the invention. Therefore, the following detailed embodiments and accompanying drawings are merely illustrative examples of the technical solution of this invention and should not be considered as the entirety of the invention or as limitations or restrictions on the technical solution of this invention.

[0037] Reference Figures 1-10 As shown, an automated device for preparing rare earth oxides by calcination of rare earth carbonates includes a base 1. A segmented heat treatment mechanism is mounted on the base 1. In a preferred embodiment, the segmented heat treatment mechanism includes an annular heat shield 2 positioned above the base 1 and open at one end. A preheating zone is located at one end of the inner side of the annular heat shield 2, and a calcination zone is located at the other end. A heat-conducting box 11 is installed inside the calcination zone. Multiple burners 5 are installed through the sidewall of the heat-conducting box 11. The burners 5 heat the inner wall of the heat-conducting box 11, thereby radiating heat to the affected area through the heat generated by the heat-conducting box 11. The material is burned. A central column 3 is installed through the middle of the upper end of the annular heat shield 2. The upper end of the central column 3 protrudes from the annular heat shield 2. A flue gas outlet 4 is provided at the upper end of the central column 3. A heat exchanger 10 is provided in the preheating zone. The outlet of the heat exchanger 10 extends to the inside of the central column 3 and is connected to the bottom of the flue gas outlet 4. A flue gas pipe 14 is provided at one end of the heat conduction box 11. The flue gas pipe 14 extends to the inside of the central column 3. The inlet of the heat exchanger 10 also extends to the inside of the central column 3. The flue gas pipe 14 and the inlet of the heat exchanger 10 are connected inside the central column 3.

[0038] To improve production continuity, a rotating mechanism is provided on the base 1. In a preferred embodiment, the rotating mechanism includes a rotating ring 8 rotatably mounted on the base 1. The middle part of the rotating ring 8 corresponds to the bottom of the central column 3. The bottom center of the central column 3 is closed. A power source 9 for driving the rotating ring 8 to rotate is installed at the bottom of the base 1. The power source 9 is preferably a geared motor. A pair of fan-shaped material carrier plates 6 are movably mounted on the upper end of the rotating ring 8. Multiple material carriers 7 are mounted on the material carrier plates 6, and grooves adapted to the material carriers 7 are provided on the top of the material carrier plates 6. The bottom of the material carriers 7 is detachable. The material container 7 is positioned within the groove. The top periphery of the rotating ring 8 has a first outer ring groove 16, and the inner periphery has a first inner ring groove 17. The bottom of the material plate 6 is equipped with sliders 22 and 33, respectively for movably connecting with the first outer ring groove 16 and the first inner ring groove 17. The top periphery of the base 1 has a second inner ring groove 24 corresponding to the first outer ring groove 16, and the inner periphery has a second outer ring groove 25 corresponding to the first inner ring groove 17. A floating column 18 is vertically and movably installed through one end of the first outer ring groove 16 and one end of the first inner ring groove 17. An outer arc plate 21 is provided at one end of the inner side of the second outer ring groove 25, and an inner arc plate 23 is provided at the end of the inner side of the second inner ring groove 24 away from the outer arc plate 21. Both the outer arc plate 21 and the inner arc plate 23 have inclined surfaces at one end, and the ends away from the inclined surfaces are preferably vertical to facilitate the falling of the floating column 18. The inclined surface at one end of the inner arc plate 23 corresponds to the end of the calcining zone near the preheating zone, and the end of the inner arc plate 23 away from the inclined surface corresponds to the end of the opening of the annular heat insulation cover 2 near the calcining zone. Similarly, the inclined surface at one end of the outer arc plate 21 corresponds to the end of the opening of the annular heat insulation cover 2 near the calcining zone, and the end of the outer arc plate 21 away from the inclined surface corresponds to the end of the calcining zone near the calcining zone. The area corresponds to the end near the preheating zone; based on the above, when the bottom of the floating column 18 corresponds to the top of the outer arc plate 21 or the inner arc plate 23, its upper end protrudes from the inner wall of the first outer ring groove 16 or the first inner ring groove 17, and the protruding part of the upper end of the floating column 18 can drive the material plate 6 to move through the first slider 22 or the second slider 33; when the bottom of the floating column 18 corresponds to the bottom wall of the second inner ring groove 24 or the second outer ring groove 25, its upper end does not protrude from the inner wall of the first outer ring groove 16 or the first inner ring groove 17, and at this time the upper end of the floating column 18 can pass through the bottom of the first slider 22 or the second slider 33.

[0039] To fix the floating column 18 and facilitate its reset and descent, a cylindrical body 26 corresponding to the floating column 18 is embedded inside the first inner annular groove 17 and the first outer annular groove 16. The floating column 18 is vertically and movably connected to the inner side of the cylindrical body 26. A protrusion 28 is provided on the lower side wall of the floating column 18. A first elastic element 27 is provided between the top of the floating column 18 and the inner top of the cylindrical body 26. The first elastic element 27 is preferably a spring, which is sleeved on the outside of the floating column 18 to increase the stability of the spring.

[0040] To reduce friction and wear at the bottom of the floating column 18, balls or rollers protruding from the bottom of the floating column 18 are movably installed on the bottom wall of the floating column 18.

[0041] To achieve independence and heat insulation between different areas, the opening, preheating zone, and calcination zone of the annular heat insulation cover 2 are separated by a heat insulation structure. The heat insulation structure includes a partition plate 12 installed on the top inner side of the annular heat insulation cover 2. The lower end of the partition plate 12 is open, and a floating plate 13 is vertically and movably arranged inside the opening. The bottom of the floating plate 13 is provided with a sealing block 29 that is adapted to the first outer annular groove 16 and the first inner annular groove 17. The top edge of the material carrier plate 6 is provided with a flange 19, and the top of the flange 19 is higher than the top edge of the material carrier plate 6. At the top of the material container 7, the top of both ends of the flange 19 are also provided with clearance recesses adapted to the sealing block 29 for the sealing block 29 to pass through. The bottom wall of the clearance recess is also higher than the top of the material container 7 to avoid predetermined interference. The two ends of the flange 19 are provided with guide slopes 20 located on the side wall of the material plate 6. The bottom of the floating plate 13 is rotatably provided with rollers 30 corresponding to the guide slopes 20. When the guide slopes 20 pass the bottom of the floating plate 13, the floating plate 13 can be supported upward by the rollers 30.

[0042] To facilitate the automatic falling of the material carrier plate 6 after it separates from the floating plate 13, a second elastic element 31 is provided between the top of the floating plate 13 and the inner top of the partition plate 12. The second elastic element 31 is preferably a spring. To increase the stability of the vertical displacement of the floating plate 13, a guide rod 32 is vertically inserted through the top of the floating plate 13. The top of the guide rod 32 is installed at the inner top of the partition plate 12. At the same time, the second elastic element 31 can be sleeved on the outside of the guide rod 32.

[0043] To avoid friction between the top of the rotating ring 8 and the bottom wall of the carrier plate 6, arc-shaped guide rails 15 corresponding to the carrier plate 6 are provided on the lower side wall of the central column 3 and the lower inner wall of the annular heat insulation cover 2. The two ends of the carrier plate 6 are movably connected to the guide rails 15. There is a small gap between the bottom of the carrier plate 6 and the top of the rotating ring 8. Moreover, the guide rails 15 are split, and there is a gap between adjacent guide rails 15 corresponding to the floating plate 13.

[0044] This invention also includes an embodiment, specifically a method for using an automated apparatus for preparing rare earth oxides by calcining rare earth carbonates, implemented using the aforementioned automated apparatus for preparing rare earth oxides by calcining rare earth carbonates, and specifically including the following steps:

[0045] Step 1: During the initial processing, one of the material carrier plates 6 carries the material in the roasting zone and is roasted by the heat radiation of the heat conduction box 11. The flue gas enters the heat exchanger 10 in the preheating zone. The other material carrier plate 6 is located in the opening area of ​​the annular heat insulation cover 2, where material feeding and loading operations can be performed.

[0046] Step 2: After the material loading plate 6 in the opening area of ​​the annular heat shield 2 is completed, when the remaining roasting time of the material in the roasting zone is the same as the required preheating time of the material, the operating mechanism first drives the material loading plate 6 in the opening area of ​​the annular heat shield 2 into the preheating zone for preheating, while the material loading plate 6 in the roasting zone remains stationary.

[0047] Step 3: After preheating is completed, the calcination is finished. The operating mechanism simultaneously drives the two material carrier plates 6 to move. The calcined material carrier plates 6 move to the opening area of ​​the annular heat insulation cover 2 to wait for feeding and loading. The preheated material carrier plates 6 then enter the calcination zone, and this cycle continues.

[0048] Working principle: The weighed material is loaded onto the loading container 7 by manual or robotic arm. The loading container 7 can be placed in the groove of the loading plate 6 in the opening area of ​​the annular heat insulation cover 2 by robotic arm or manual. Initially, the loading plate 6 after loading is located in the opening area of ​​the annular heat insulation cover 2, while the other loading plate 6 is located in the roasting area and is in an unloaded state. Initially, the bottom of the floating column 18 corresponding to the first outer ring groove 16 corresponds to the outer arc plate 21, and its upper end protrudes from the inner wall of the first outer ring groove 16. The protruding part corresponds to the first slider 22 at the bottom of the loading plate 6 in the opening area of ​​the annular heat insulation cover 2. The bottom of the floating column 18 located in the first inner ring groove 17 corresponds to the second inner ring groove 24, and its upper end does not protrude from the inner wall of the first inner ring groove 17.

[0049] Then, the burner 5 heats the heat transfer box 11 in the heat transfer box 11. The high-temperature flue gas enters the heat exchanger 10 through the flue gas pipe 14 and the inlet of the heat exchanger 10, thereby heating the heat exchanger 10. The heat exchanger 10 heats the preheating zone. Then the flue gas enters the flue gas outlet 4 on the central column 3 through the outlet of the heat exchanger 10, and then is discharged through the flue gas outlet 4.

[0050] Subsequently, the power source 9 drives the rotating ring 8 to rotate, and the rotating ring 8 drives the two floating columns 18 to rotate synchronously. The upper end of the floating column 18 in the first outer ring groove 16, together with the first slider 22, pushes the material plate 6 in the opening area of ​​the annular heat insulation cover 2 to rotate. Then, the guide slope 20 on the side of the material plate 6 gradually pushes the roller 30, and then the floating plate 13 is lifted upward. The second elastic element 31 retracts, and then the bottom of the floating plate 13 is supported by the flange 19, so it will not interfere with the material container 7, until the material plate 6 is completely separated from the floating plate 13. Then the material plate 6 enters the preheating zone, and the material is preheated by the heat exchanger 10. At this time, the floating column 18 in the first inner ring groove 17 does not protrude from the inner wall of the first inner ring groove 17, so it can directly pass through the preheating zone. The bottom of the floating plate 13 between the hot zone and the roasting zone is then moved into the roasting zone. After entering the roasting zone, the bottom of the floating column 18 will move to the top of the inner arc plate 23 via the inclined surface at one end of the inner arc plate 23, thereby causing the floating column 18 to rise. The first elastic element 27 contracts, and the upper end of the floating column 18 will protrude from the inner wall of the first inner ring groove 17 and correspond to the second slider 33 at the bottom of the material carrier plate 6 in the roasting zone, preparing for the subsequent pushing of the material carrier plate 6 in the roasting zone. After the material in the preheating zone is preheated, the power source 9 continues to drive the rotating ring 8 to rotate. At this time, since the floating column 18 in the first outer ring groove 16 is still located on the outer arc plate 21, and the floating column 18 in the first inner ring groove 17 is located on the inner arc plate 23, the rotating ring 8 will rotate during this stage. Two floating columns 18, in conjunction with the first slider 22 and the inner arc plate 23, drive the two carrying plates 6 to rotate synchronously. The carrying plate 6 in the roasting zone supports the floating plate 13 between the roasting zone and the opening area of ​​the annular heat insulation cover 2 and moves it to the opening area of ​​the annular heat insulation cover 2. The carrying plate 6 in the preheating zone supports the floating plate 13 between the roasting zone and the preheating zone and enters the roasting zone. Under the action of the second elastic element 31, the floating plate 13 can automatically fall back to its original position. The floating column 18 in the first outer annular groove 16 pushes the preheated material into the roasting zone and falls from the end of the outer arc plate 21 away from the inclined surface. The floating column 18 in the first inner annular groove 17 pushes out the carrying plate 6 originally located in the roasting zone and falls from the end of the inner arc plate 23 away from the inclined surface, entering the opening area of ​​the annular heat insulation cover 2. The unloaded loading plate 6 can be loaded, and the power source 9 can continue to drive the rotating ring 8 to rotate. Since both floating columns 18 are in a falling state and their upper ends are not protruding, the floating columns 18 will not push the loading plate 6 to move when they rotate with the rotating ring 8 during this stage. When the floating column 18 in the first outer ring groove 16 enters the opening area of ​​the annular heat insulation cover 2, it will move from the inclined surface at the end of the outer arc plate 21 to the outer arc plate 21. Then, the upper end of the floating column 18 in the first outer ring groove 16 will protrude from the inner wall of the first outer ring groove 16 until it corresponds to the first slider 22 at the bottom of the loading plate 6 in the opening area, waiting for the subsequent push of the loading plate 6 in this area into the preheating area. When the remaining roasting time of the material in the roasting area is approximately the same as the time required for preheating the material,The power source 9 drives the rotating ring 8 to rotate, thereby feeding the material carrier plate 6 in the opening area of ​​the annular heat shield 2 into the preheating zone for preheating. After preheating, the material in the roasting zone is roasted, and the rotating ring 8 continues to rotate. At this time, the two material carrier plates 6 move synchronously, one moving out of the roasting zone and the other moving into the roasting zone, and this cycle continues.

[0051] The technical scope of this invention is not limited to the content described above. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to the above embodiments without departing from the technical concept of this invention, and all such modifications and variations should fall within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. An automated apparatus for preparing rare earth oxides by calcining rare earth carbonates, characterized in that, The device includes a base, on which a segmented heat treatment mechanism is mounted. The segmented heat treatment mechanism includes an annular heat insulation cover located above the base and open at one end. A preheating zone is located at one end of the inner side of the annular heat insulation cover, and a calcination zone is located at the other end. A heat conduction box is installed inside the calcination zone, and a burner is installed through the side wall of the heat conduction box. A flue gas pipe is installed at one end of the heat conduction box. A heat exchanger is installed in the preheating zone, and the flue gas pipe is connected to the inlet of the heat exchanger. The outlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the outside. A rotating mechanism is provided on the base. The rotating mechanism includes a rotating ring rotatably mounted on the base. A pair of material carrier plates are movably mounted on the upper end of the rotating ring. Material carrier containers are mounted on the material carrier plates. A first outer ring groove is provided on the top periphery of the rotating ring, and a first inner ring groove is provided on the inner periphery. A slider and a second slider are respectively installed on the bottom of the material carrier plates for movably connecting with the first outer ring groove and the first inner ring groove. A second inner ring groove corresponding to the first outer ring groove is provided on the top periphery of the base, and a second outer ring groove corresponding to the first inner ring groove is provided on the inner periphery. A floating column is movably mounted vertically through one end of the first outer ring groove and one end of the first inner ring groove. An outer arc plate is provided on one end of the second outer ring groove, and an inner arc plate is provided on the inner end of the second inner ring groove away from the outer arc plate. One end of the outer arc plate and the inner arc plate are both inclined surfaces. A power source for driving the rotating ring to rotate is installed on the base. When the bottom of the floating column corresponds to the top of the outer arc plate or the inner arc plate, its upper end protrudes from the inner wall of the first outer ring groove or the first inner ring groove. The protruding part at the upper end of the floating column can drive the material plate to move through the first slider or the second slider. When the bottom of the floating column corresponds to the bottom wall of the second inner ring groove or the second outer ring groove, its upper end does not protrude from the inner wall of the first outer ring groove or the first inner ring groove. At this time, the upper end of the floating column can pass through the bottom of the first slider or the second slider. The inclined surface at one end of the inner arc plate corresponds to the end of the calcination zone near the preheating zone, and the end of the inner arc plate away from the inclined surface corresponds to the end of the annular heat insulation cover opening near the calcination zone. The inclined surface at one end of the outer arc plate corresponds to the end of the annular heat insulation cover opening that is closer to the calcination zone, and the end of the outer arc plate that is away from the inclined surface corresponds to the end of the calcination zone that is closer to the preheating zone. The inner side of the first inner ring groove and the first outer ring groove are fitted with a cylinder corresponding to the floating column. The floating column is vertically and movably connected to the inner side of the cylinder. The lower side wall of the floating column is provided with a protrusion. A first elastic element is provided between the top of the floating column and the top of the inner side of the cylinder.

2. The automated apparatus for preparing rare earth oxides by calcination of rare earth carbonates according to claim 1, characterized in that: A central column is installed through the middle of the upper end of the annular heat insulation cover. A flue gas outlet is provided at the upper end of the central column. The outlet of the heat exchanger extends to the inner side of the central column and connects to the bottom of the flue gas outlet.

3. The automated apparatus for preparing rare earth oxides by calcination of rare earth carbonates according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom wall of the floating column is movably provided with balls or rollers protruding from the bottom of the floating column.

4. The automated apparatus for preparing rare earth oxides by calcination of rare earth carbonates according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lower side wall of the central column and the lower inner wall of the annular heat insulation cover are both provided with arc-shaped guide rails corresponding to the material carrier plate, and the two ends of the material carrier plate are respectively movably connected to the guide rails.

5. The automated apparatus for preparing rare earth oxides by calcination of rare earth carbonates according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: The opening, preheating zone and calcination zone of the annular heat insulation cover are separated from each other by a heat insulation structure. The heat insulation structure includes a partition plate installed on the top of the inner side of the annular heat insulation cover. The lower end of the partition plate is open. A floating plate is vertically and movably arranged inside the opening. A sealing block adapted to the first outer ring groove and the first inner ring groove is provided at the bottom of the floating plate. The top edge of the material carrier plate is provided with a flange, and the top of the flange is higher than the top of the material container. The two ends of the flange are provided with guide slopes located on the side wall of the material carrier plate. The bottom of the floating plate is rotatably provided with rollers corresponding to the guide slopes.

6. The automated apparatus for preparing rare earth oxides by calcination of rare earth carbonates according to claim 5, characterized in that: A second elastic element is provided between the top of the floating plate and the inner top of the partition.

7. A method for using an automated apparatus for preparing rare earth oxides by calcining rare earth carbonates, comprising the automated apparatus for preparing rare earth oxides by calcining rare earth carbonates as described in claim 6, characterized in that... Includes the following steps: S1: During initial processing, one of the material carrier plates carries the material in the roasting zone and roasts it through the heat radiation of the heat conduction box. The flue gas enters the heat exchanger in the preheating zone. The other material carrier plate is located in the opening area of ​​the annular heat insulation cover, which can be used for unloading and loading operations. S2: After the loading of the material plate in the opening area of ​​the annular heat insulation cover is completed, when the remaining roasting time of the material in the roasting zone is the same as the required preheating time of the material, the operating mechanism first drives the material plate in the opening area of ​​the annular heat insulation cover into the preheating zone for preheating, while the material plate in the roasting zone remains stationary. S3: After preheating is completed, the calcination ends. The operating mechanism simultaneously drives the two material carrier plates to move. The calcined material carrier plates move to the opening area of ​​the annular heat insulation cover to wait for feeding and loading. The preheated material carrier plates enter the calcination zone, and this cycle continues.

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