Electric power meteorological monitoring and disaster protection method and device

Abstract

The invention provides an electric power meteorological monitoring and disaster protection method and device, and the method comprises the steps: collecting electric power meteorological data, carrying out the meteorological data fusion, obtaining multi-modal meteorological data, carrying out the collaborative verification analysis based on the multi-modal meteorological data, and generating electric power meteorological disaster early warning information. And the power equipment protection operation is executed based on the power meteorological disaster early warning information, so that multi-parameter cooperative cross linkage is realized, the comprehensive pre-judgment capability for severe convective weather is improved, and the monitoring perception and active protection capability for the power meteorological disaster is further improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of power grid monitoring and protection, in particular to a power meteorological monitoring and disaster protection method and device. BACKGROUND

[0002] With climate change and rapid development of power systems, the sensitivity of power facilities to meteorological conditions is increasing, especially extreme weather such as lightning, strong winds, heavy rain, etc. which poses a serious threat to the safe operation of the power grid. Power meteorological elements are crucial for proactive prevention of meteorological disasters. For example, atmospheric electrostatic field, temperature, humidity, precipitation, wind speed, and wind direction are related to the risk of lightning strikes, dancing, icing, flooding, etc. of power facilities, and temperature and humidity are related to the ampacity evaluation of transmission lines. However, existing power meteorological monitoring devices have the following problems: 1. Mainly monitor conventional meteorological elements, not covering atmospheric electrostatic field, three-dimensional wind speed and direction, and extreme rainfall at the same time; 2. Lack of multi-source data cross-validation mechanism, unable to effectively identify extreme weather events; 3. The installation inclination of the device is difficult to control, icing is prone to failure, and data anomalies may occur due to environmental interference, resulting in insufficient long-term operation reliability; 4. Monitoring and protection are disconnected, early warning information cannot directly trigger power facility protection actions, and relies on manual intervention, with a lagging response.

[0003] In view of the above problems, there is an urgent need for a power meteorological monitoring and disaster protection method and device to improve the monitoring and sensing and proactive protection capabilities for power meteorological disasters. SUMMARY

[0004] To solve the problems of insufficient conventional monitoring of meteorological elements, lack of multi-source data cross-validation mechanism, and proactive protection capability in the prior art, the present application provides a power meteorological monitoring and disaster protection method and device.

[0005] In a first aspect, a power meteorological monitoring and disaster protection method is provided, comprising: Performing meteorological data fusion based on collected power meteorological data to obtain multi-modal meteorological data, wherein the multi-modal meteorological data includes three-dimensional wind field characteristics, charge density information, and raindrop signals; Generating power meteorological disaster warning information based on collaborative verification analysis of the multi-modal meteorological data; Performing power equipment protection operations based on the power meteorological disaster warning information.

[0006] Preferably, the meteorological data fusion based on the collected power meteorological data to obtain multi-modal meteorological data comprises: Performing three-dimensional vector synthesis based on wind field data collected in the target area to obtain three-dimensional wind field characteristics; The charge density information of the target area is obtained by fusing and inverting electrostatic field strength data from multiple collected sites. The collected vibration signals are processed for anti-interference and raindrops are identified to obtain raindrop signals.

[0007] Preferably, the step of obtaining three-dimensional wind field features by performing three-dimensional vector synthesis based on the collected wind field data of the target area includes: A three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system was constructed, and the horizontal wind speed and azimuth of the target area were collected based on a horizontal ultrasonic sensor; Based on the horizontal wind speed and azimuth angle, calculate the horizontal wind speed component in the x-axis direction and the vertical wind speed component in the y-axis direction of the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system for the target area. The vertical ultrasonic sensor is used to collect the downward / upward airflow velocity in the z-axis direction of the target area in a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system; Based on the horizontal wind speed component, the vertical wind speed component, and the down / up air velocity, a three-dimensional composite wind speed vector and vertical elevation angle are obtained by vector synthesis. The three-dimensional synthetic wind speed vector and vertical elevation angle are used as three-dimensional wind field features.

[0008] Preferably, the step of fusing and inverting electrostatic field strength data from multiple collected stations to obtain charge density information for the target region includes: Collect electrostatic field strength data and three-dimensional coordinates of multiple stations; A Poisson equation is constructed based on the electrostatic field strength data and the three-dimensional coordinates of the site. The average value of the terrain correction factor is calculated based on the elevation difference corresponding to the multiple stations, and the charge density information is obtained by fusion inversion based on the average value of the terrain correction factor and the Poisson equation.

[0009] Preferably, the step of performing anti-interference processing on the collected vibration signal and identifying raindrops to obtain a raindrop signal includes: Vibration signals are acquired using a double-helix piezoelectric array, and a pre-trained long short-term memory network is used to dynamically adjust the signal trigger threshold based on the acquired real-time relative humidity information. The long short-term memory network is trained by fitting raindrop signals and noise signals under different humidity conditions as inputs and the corresponding effective raindrop signals as outputs. The vibration signal is denoised using a wavelet packet decomposition algorithm to obtain the denoised vibration signal. When the denoised vibration signal is greater than the signal trigger threshold, a raindrop signal is output.

[0010] Preferably, the step of generating power meteorological disaster early warning information based on the multimodal meteorological data through collaborative verification analysis includes: Based on the vertical elevation angle and the three-dimensional composite wind speed vector in the three-dimensional wind field characteristics, when the preset storm gust warning conditions are met, a downburst warning and / or a strong gust warning are generated. The preset storm gust warning conditions are that the downburst / upburst air velocity is less than the first warning wind speed threshold, the magnitude of the three-dimensional composite wind speed vector is greater than the second warning wind speed threshold, and the absolute value of the vertical elevation angle is greater than the warning angle. A lightning warning is generated based on the charge density information and electrostatic field strength data when a preset lightning warning condition is met. The preset lightning warning condition is that the electrostatic field strength data is greater than the warning intensity value and continues to rise, and the charge density information is greater than the warning charge density. Based on the current wind speed and the electrostatic field strength data, if the preset effective raindrop conditions are met, a rain intensity warning is output based on the rain intensity information generated by the raindrop signal. The raindrop conditions are that the current wind speed is less than the third warning wind speed threshold and the electrostatic field change rate is less than the warning change rate threshold. The electrostatic field change rate is calculated based on the electrostatic field strength data. The downburst warning and / or strong gust warning, the lightning warning, and the rainfall intensity warning are used as power meteorological disaster warning information.

[0011] Preferably, the step of performing power equipment protection operations based on the power meteorological disaster early warning information includes: Based on the downburst warning and / or strong gust warning in the power meteorological disaster early warning information, the downburst warning operation is performed, wherein the downburst warning operation includes: sending control instructions to the power grid control system, adjusting the load of the transmission line, and coordinating with the dispatch center to optimize the power flow and / or controlling the relevant circuit breakers to perform tripping operations, adjusting the load of the transmission line, and coordinating with the dispatch center to optimize the power flow. Based on the lightning warning information in the power meteorological disaster early warning information, the lightning arrester is put into operation, and the easily broken-down section is isolated by the sectional switch operation, and the lightning protection signal is sent to the substation to adjust the insulation coordination strategy. Based on the rainfall intensity warning in the power meteorological disaster early warning information, the drainage system of the substation and / or transmission tower base is activated, the current operation mode of the substation is switched to the flood prevention mode, and the inspection personnel are notified to strengthen the inspection.

[0012] Secondly, a power meteorological monitoring and disaster prevention device is provided, including: The fusion module is used to fuse meteorological data based on the collected power meteorological data to obtain multimodal meteorological data, wherein the multimodal meteorological data includes three-dimensional wind field characteristics, charge density information and raindrop signals; The generation module is used to generate power meteorological disaster early warning information based on the multimodal meteorological data through collaborative verification analysis. The protection module is used to perform protective operations on power equipment based on the power meteorological disaster early warning information.

[0013] In another aspect, this application also provides an electronic device, comprising: at least one processor and a memory; the memory and the processor are connected via a bus; The memory is used to store one or more programs; When the one or more programs are executed by the at least one processor, a power meteorological monitoring and disaster prevention method as described above is implemented.

[0014] In another aspect, this application also provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed, implements the power meteorological monitoring and disaster prevention method as described above.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: This invention provides a method and device for power meteorological monitoring and disaster prevention. The method collects power meteorological data and fuses the meteorological data to obtain multimodal meteorological data. Then, based on the multimodal meteorological data, it performs collaborative verification analysis to generate power meteorological disaster early warning information. Based on the power meteorological disaster early warning information, it executes power equipment protection operations, realizes the collaborative and cross-linking of multiple parameters, improves the comprehensive prediction capability of severe convective weather, and further enhances the monitoring, perception and proactive protection capabilities against power meteorological disasters. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the power meteorological monitoring and disaster prevention method of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of three-dimensional wind speed vector synthesis for the power meteorological monitoring and disaster prevention method of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the multi-station electrostatic field data fusion and terrain correction process of the power meteorological monitoring and disaster prevention method of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the raindrop signal processing flow of the power meteorological monitoring and disaster prevention method of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the power meteorological monitoring and disaster prevention device of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the specific architecture of the power meteorological monitoring and disaster prevention device of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a flowchart of the power meteorological monitoring method of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the power meteorological monitoring method of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of an electronic device structure according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0017] This invention proposes a method and device for power meteorological monitoring and disaster prevention. The method can monitor eight elements: atmospheric electrostatic field, temperature, humidity, air pressure, precipitation, wind speed, wind direction, and radiation. It integrates multi-source monitoring data to achieve real-time perception and data fusion application of various weather factors such as lightning, strong winds, and short-term heavy precipitation. Based on the early warning results, it automatically triggers protective actions for power facilities, forming a closed loop of "monitoring-early warning-protection". This provides data support and execution means for accurate prediction, early warning, and proactive protection against power meteorological disasters.

[0018] To better understand the present invention, the following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, will further illustrate the content of the present invention.

[0019] Example 1: A method for power meteorological monitoring and disaster prevention, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes: Step 1: Perform meteorological data fusion based on the collected power meteorological data to obtain multimodal meteorological data; Step 2: Based on the multimodal meteorological data, perform collaborative verification analysis to generate power meteorological disaster early warning information; Step 3: Perform power equipment protection operations based on the power meteorological disaster early warning information.

[0020] In this embodiment, during the process of obtaining three-dimensional wind field features through three-dimensional vector synthesis based on the collected wind field data of the target area, in order to solve the problem of missed detection of vertical wind shear in traditional wind field monitoring, wind speed components can be calculated by collecting wind speed and azimuth to identify wind speed and direction, thereby accurately identifying downburst disasters. Specifically, this includes: Wind speed is collected using a horizontal ultrasonic sensor in a combined three-dimensional wind speed and direction module. and azimuth The velocity of descending / ascending airflow is collected using a vertical ultrasonic sensor. Then calculate the horizontal wind speed components separately. Vertical wind speed component The horizontal and vertical wind speeds and directions are vectorized to calculate the three-dimensional composite wind speed vector. and vertical elevation angle ; so that in subsequent steps based on the vertical elevation angle Wind speed thresholds can be used to identify potential downbursts or strong gusts.

[0021] In this embodiment, during the process of fusing and inverting the electrostatic field strength data from multiple collected stations to obtain the charge density information of the target area, the charge density information can be calculated by fusing and inverting the electrostatic field strength data from the collected stations. This solves the problem of delayed lightning warnings in existing systems and enables early quantitative analysis of the charge accumulation process in thunderstorm clouds. Specifically, this includes: Acquire electrostatic field strength data from multiple sites (≥3). Constructing the Poisson equation with three-dimensional coordinates ,in, , The vacuum permittivity, The symbol is for partial differentials. denoted as charge density.

[0022] Introducing terrain correction factors , The elevation difference; when the distance between multiple stations is sufficiently large (≥5km), the regional average second derivative is... The regional topographic correction factor is estimated by summing the absolute values ​​of the electric field gradients at each station. The mean value of the terrain correction factor for each station is calculated; finally, the corrected regional average charge density is obtained as follows:

[0023] In this embodiment, after anti-interference processing and raindrop identification based on the collected vibration signal, raindrop signals are obtained. Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network dynamic thresholding and wavelet packet decomposition can be used to separate raindrop signals from high-frequency noise, thus solving the problem of misjudgment of raindrop signals caused by wind noise and electromagnetic interference. Specifically, this includes: Vibration signals are acquired using a double-helix piezoelectric array; the trigger threshold is dynamically adjusted using a long short-term memory network. Then, perform four layers of wavelet packet decomposition to separate the raindrop signal from 0.5 to 2 kHz.

[0024] In this embodiment, after calculating the three-dimensional wind field characteristics, charge density information, and raindrop signals through the aforementioned steps, the corresponding meteorological disasters can be collaboratively verified and analyzed based on the three-dimensional wind field characteristics, charge density information, and raindrop signals to issue early warning information.

[0025] In one embodiment, the preset storm / gust warning conditions corresponding to the downburst warning and / or strong gust warning are as follows: (i.e., the aforementioned first warning wind speed threshold). (i.e., the aforementioned second warning wind speed threshold), (i.e., the aforementioned warning angle).

[0026] In one possible embodiment, taking a 500kV transmission line tower (80m high) as an example as the monitoring point, the device's three-dimensional wind speed module is installed. The horizontal ultrasonic sensor has a range of 0-60m / s, the vertical ultrasonic sensor has a range of -20-20m / s, the sampling frequency is 1Hz, and the installation tilt angle calibration error is ≤0.5°. This example illustrates the use of downburst warning and / or strong gust warning. Figure 2 As shown, it specifically includes: Input data includes: horizontal wind speed: wind direction and azimuth Vertical wind speed: =-7.2m / s indicates that the vertical wind speed is a descending airflow; Then perform three-dimensional vector calculations: Horizontal wind speed component ; Vertical wind speed component ; The three-dimensional composite wind speed vector is: ; Vertical elevation angle:

[0027] Disaster assessment: (satisfy), (To satisfy), If all conditions are met, a yellow alert for a downburst is triggered (some conditions are not met, but are very close to the threshold). If all conditions are exceeded, a red alert for a downburst is triggered.

[0028] It should be noted that the combined three-dimensional wind speed and direction module and its three-dimensional wind speed and direction synthesis method can directly capture and quantify these key wind field abrupt change characteristics, providing a more direct and reliable basis for downburst and strong gust warnings. This method can distinguish between sudden wind speed changes (such as instantaneous wind speed ≥8m / s) or abrupt wind direction changes (such as drastic clockwise / counterclockwise changes), supporting the identification of potential downbursts or strong gusts.

[0029] In one embodiment, the preset lightning warning condition corresponding to the lightning warning is: when the electrostatic field strength ≥0.5Kv / m (i.e., the aforementioned warning intensity value) and continuously increasing, charge density >0.3nC / m 3 When the aforementioned warning charge density is high, it indicates that charge separation within the cloud is intensifying, suggesting a high probability of lightning. Combined with lightning location data, this triggers an early lightning warning.

[0030] In one possible embodiment, the generation of lightning warnings is described in detail using sites A, B, and C in a certain region as examples. Figure 3As shown in Table 1, the electrostatic field strength, coordinates, and altitude information for each station are as follows: Table 1 Information on 3 stations in a certain region

[0031] Assuming the regional baseline elevation is 45m, the distance between stations is d. avg =10km.

[0032] Calculation of terrain correction factor:

[0033]

[0034]

[0035] The corrected average charge density of the area enclosed by stations A, B, and C, after applying the terrain correction factor, is as follows: ,in, For the region average second derivative, The electric field gradient between stations is: (kV / m / km) (kV / m / km) (kV / m / km) The second derivative of the regional average electric field is 0.066 kV / m. 2 / km=66V / m 2 / km; The average charge density of the region is:

[0036] Lightning warning determination: The electrostatic field strength satisfies: kV / m>0.5kV / m; The charge density satisfies: nC / m 3 >0.3nC / m 3 ; A red alert for thunderstorms has been triggered.

[0037] In one embodiment, the preset effective raindrop condition corresponding to the rain intensity warning is: when the raindrop signal is triggered, the wind speed is simultaneously checked to be <3m / s (i.e. the aforementioned third warning wind speed threshold, excluding the influence of wind noise) and the electrostatic field change rate is <0.1kV / m / min (i.e. the aforementioned warning change rate threshold, excluding signal interference).

[0038] In one possible embodiment, taking the acquisition of a 200Hz signal from a piezoelectric array with an amplitude of 3.5mV and an ambient humidity of RH=90% as an example, the generation of a rain intensity warning is illustrated. Figure 4 As shown, it specifically includes: the dynamic threshold calculation is as follows: mV, actual signal > threshold Then, wavelet packet denoising was performed to extract the 1.5-2kHz subband, and the signal-to-noise ratio was improved by 15dB after soft thresholding. Output results: effective rainfall intensity 8.7mm / 10min, wind noise interference at wind speed of 4.5m / s was removed.

[0039] The electrostatic field module and thunderstorm cloud charge density change inversion method of the present invention (based on multi-station data fusion to solve the Poisson equation and considering terrain correction) can invert the charge density change in the cloud before lightning occurs, provide earlier lightning activity warning signals, and link with parameters such as three-dimensional wind field, temperature, humidity and pressure to improve the comprehensive prediction capability of severe convective weather.

[0040] In this embodiment, after obtaining a meteorological disaster early warning signal by processing and analyzing meteorological data based on the aforementioned steps 1-2, power equipment protection operations can be performed based on the power meteorological disaster early warning information to achieve proactive protection measures for power equipment before meteorological disasters. Specifically, this includes: Based on the downburst warning and / or strong gust warning in the power meteorological disaster early warning information, the downburst warning operation is performed, wherein the downburst warning operation includes: sending control instructions to the power grid control system, adjusting the load of the transmission line, and coordinating with the dispatch center to optimize the power flow and / or controlling the relevant circuit breakers to perform tripping operations, adjusting the load of the transmission line, and coordinating with the dispatch center to optimize the power flow. Based on the lightning warning information in the power meteorological disaster early warning information, the lightning arrester is put into operation, and the easily broken-down section is isolated by the sectional switch operation, and the lightning protection signal is sent to the substation to adjust the insulation coordination strategy. Based on the rainfall intensity warning in the power meteorological disaster early warning information, the drainage system of the substation and / or transmission tower base is activated, the current operation mode of the substation is switched to the flood prevention mode, and the inspection personnel are notified to strengthen the inspection.

[0041] Specifically, based on the early warning results, protective operations for power facilities are performed, including: when a downburst or strong gust warning is triggered, automatically adjusting the load on transmission lines or controlling circuit breakers to trip to prevent wind-induced flashover; when a lightning warning is triggered, controlling surge arresters to engage or isolating vulnerable sections; when a short-term heavy rainfall warning is triggered, activating the drainage system or adjusting the substation's operating mode; in addition, when the temperature module detects a low temperature (≤-20℃), activating the heating module to prevent icing and coordinating with the dispatch center to adjust the power grid flow.

[0042] In one specific embodiment, when a downburst or strong gust warning is triggered, the protection execution module automatically sends instructions to the power grid control system to adjust the load on transmission lines (such as reducing power transmission) or control relevant circuit breakers to trip, preventing wind-induced flashover and line galloping. Simultaneously, it coordinates with the dispatch center to optimize power flow and ensure grid stability.

[0043] In another specific embodiment, when a red lightning warning (i.e., the aforementioned lightning warning) is triggered, the protection execution module controls the surge arrester to operate, increases grounding resistance detection, and isolates vulnerable sections (e.g., through sectionalizing switch operation). Simultaneously, a signal is sent to the substation to adjust the insulation coordination strategy and reduce lightning damage.

[0044] In another specific embodiment, when a short-term heavy rainfall warning (i.e., the aforementioned rain intensity warning) is triggered, the protection execution module activates the drainage system of the substation or transmission tower base to prevent flooding; at the same time, it adjusts the substation's operating mode (such as switching to flood prevention mode) and notifies inspection personnel to strengthen patrols.

[0045] This invention accurately captures downbursts using a three-dimensional wind speed vector synthesis algorithm, achieves quantitative analysis of thunderstorm charge density through multi-station Poisson equation inversion, and employs long short-term memory network dynamic thresholding and wavelet packet decomposition technology to achieve intelligent raindrop identification, significantly improving the accuracy and timeliness of power meteorological disaster early warning. Furthermore, through dynamic compensation for tower shadow effects, terrain correction factors, and multi-sensor collaborative verification, it comprehensively addresses the core problems of insufficient wind field monitoring, delayed lightning warnings, and high false rainfall reports in existing technologies. In addition, this invention adds a protection execution module that automatically triggers protective actions for power facilities based on early warning results, forming a closed loop of "monitoring-early warning-protection," achieving proactive disaster defense, reducing the risk of power grid failures, and improving the resilience and reliability of the power system.

[0046] Example 2: Based on the same inventive concept, this invention also provides a power meteorological monitoring and disaster prevention device, such as... Figure 5 As shown, it includes: The fusion module is used to fuse meteorological data based on the collected power meteorological data to obtain multimodal meteorological data; The generation module is used to generate power meteorological disaster early warning information based on the multimodal meteorological data through collaborative verification analysis. The protection module is used to perform protective operations on power equipment based on the power meteorological disaster early warning information.

[0047] The multimodal meteorological data includes three-dimensional wind field characteristics, charge density information, and raindrop signals.

[0048] Preferably, the fusion module includes: The three-dimensional wind speed and direction submodule is used to perform three-dimensional vector synthesis based on the collected wind field data of the target area to obtain three-dimensional wind field features; The electrostatic field submodule is used to fuse and invert electrostatic field intensity data from multiple collected sites to obtain charge density information for the target area. The rain quantum module is used to perform anti-interference processing and raindrop identification based on the collected vibration signals to obtain raindrop signals; The early warning submodule is used to perform collaborative verification analysis based on the three-dimensional wind field characteristics, charge density information and raindrop signals to generate power meteorological disaster early warning information.

[0049] The three-dimensional wind speed and direction module is used to monitor the changes in horizontal and vertical wind speed and direction near the ground (height of the transmission line tower base) in real time. It consists of a horizontal ultrasonic wind speed and direction component and a vertical ultrasonic wind speed and direction component, with an tilt angle calibration error ≤0.5°. The electrostatic field module is used to measure the near-ground atmospheric electrostatic field strength in real time and inverse charge density changes. It adopts a 200mm diameter ring electrode array, with a range of 0-±100kV / m and an accuracy of ±0.1kV / m. It supports multi-station Poisson equation solving. The rainfall module is used for precipitation estimation, monitoring minute-level precipitation intensity, and converting the vibration signals generated by raindrop impacts into electrical signals to measure rainfall. It employs eight piezoelectric ceramic units (including 50Hz / 200Hz / 400Hz / 1kHz resonant units) arranged in a double helix, covering a raindrop diameter range of 1-5mm, with a nano-hydrophobic coating and a contact angle >150°. The sensor covers different natural frequencies, corresponding to the impact energy characteristics of small, medium, and heavy raindrops.

[0050] Preferably, the three-dimensional wind speed and direction submodule is specifically used for: A three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system was constructed, and the horizontal wind speed and azimuth of the target area were collected based on a horizontal ultrasonic sensor; Based on the horizontal wind speed and azimuth angle, calculate the horizontal wind speed component in the x-axis direction and the vertical wind speed component in the y-axis direction of the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system for the target area. The vertical ultrasonic sensor is used to collect the downward / upward airflow velocity in the z-axis direction of the target area in a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system; Based on the horizontal wind speed component, the vertical wind speed component, and the down / up air velocity, a three-dimensional composite wind speed vector and vertical elevation angle are obtained by vector synthesis. The three-dimensional synthetic wind speed vector and vertical elevation angle are used as three-dimensional wind field features.

[0051] Preferably, the device, such as Figure 6 As shown, it also includes: The BeiDou differential orientation and attitude measurement module is used to correct the horizontal reference of the three-dimensional wind speed and the three-dimensional wind speed and direction module. The pressure module is used to monitor minute-level pressure changes and analyze pressure gradients and trends of sudden increases and decreases in pressure based on the monitored pressure data. The humidity module is used to monitor the relative humidity near the ground and analyze the atmospheric saturation state. The temperature module is used to monitor near-ground temperature changes in real time, record minute-level temperature data, and analyze the trend of sudden temperature rises and falls based on the minute-level temperature data. The heating module is used to activate the anti-icing program in low-temperature environments.

[0052] Specifically, the Beidou differential orientation and attitude measurement module is used to correct the horizontal reference of the three-dimensional wind speed and wind direction module. It is connected to two sets of GNSS and outputs navigation angle, roll angle and pitch angle information to the main control module of the power meteorological monitoring device by parsing the received satellite signals, with an accuracy of ±0.1° and dynamic compensation for tower shadow effect. The pressure module is used to monitor minute-level pressure changes and analyze pressure gradients and sudden rise / fall trends. Rapid pressure drops (e.g., ≥1 hPa / min) are often accompanied by thunderstorm development, while sudden pressure rises indicate the dissipation of strong convection or the grounding of downbursts. The humidity module is used to monitor near-ground relative humidity, analyze atmospheric saturation, and trigger heavy precipitation when high humidity (e.g., ≥85%RH) and a sudden drop in irradiance occur. The temperature module is used to monitor near-surface temperature changes in real time, record minute-level temperature data, analyze the trend of sudden temperature rises or falls, and assist in judging the probability of lightning occurrence. A rapid temperature rise (e.g., ≥0.2℃ / 10min) indicates enhanced near-surface heating, leading to increased atmospheric instability. Combined with humidity saturation, relative humidity ≥85%RH, and changes in electrostatic field strength, this can help judge the probability of lightning occurrence. A sudden temperature drop (e.g., ≥0.2℃ / 10min) may indicate a rapid intrusion of cold air or a cold pool effect before a downburst hits the ground. Combined with sudden changes in wind speed (e.g., instantaneous wind speed ≥8m / s) and a sudden increase in air pressure, this can trigger a warning of strong gusts or downbursts. High temperatures (e.g., ≥30℃) combined with high humidity (relative humidity ≥85%RH) can easily lead to atmospheric stratification instability. Combined with a sudden drop in irradiance (clouds blocking solar radiation) and a surge in minute-level rainfall intensity, this can provide an early warning of short-term heavy precipitation. The heating module uses a temperature-controlled ceramic heating element to activate anti-icing at low temperatures (-20℃).

[0053] Example 3 Based on the same inventive concept, this invention also provides a power meteorological monitoring method, such as... Figure 7 As shown, it includes: Step S1: Based on the collected wind field data of the target area, perform three-dimensional vector synthesis to obtain three-dimensional wind field features; Step S2: Based on the collected electrostatic field strength data from multiple stations, perform fusion and inversion to obtain the charge density information of the target area; Step S3: Perform anti-interference processing on the collected vibration signal and identify raindrops to obtain the raindrop signal; Step S4: Based on the three-dimensional wind field characteristics, the charge density information, and the raindrop signal, perform collaborative verification analysis to generate power meteorological disaster early warning information.

[0054] In this embodiment, during the process of obtaining three-dimensional wind field features by three-dimensional vector synthesis based on the collected wind field data of the target area in step S1, in order to solve the problem of missed detection of vertical wind shear in traditional wind field monitoring, wind speed components can be calculated by collecting wind speed and azimuth to identify wind speed and direction, thereby accurately identifying downburst disasters. Specifically, this includes: A three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system was constructed, and the horizontal wind speed and azimuth of the target area were collected based on a horizontal ultrasonic sensor; Based on the horizontal wind speed and azimuth angle, calculate the horizontal wind speed component in the x-axis direction and the vertical wind speed component in the y-axis direction of the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system for the target area. The vertical ultrasonic sensor is used to collect the downward / upward airflow velocity in the z-axis direction of the target area in a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system; Based on the horizontal wind speed component, the vertical wind speed component, and the down / up air velocity, a three-dimensional composite wind speed vector and vertical elevation angle are obtained by vector synthesis. The three-dimensional synthetic wind speed vector and vertical elevation angle are used as three-dimensional wind field features.

[0055] In this embodiment, during step S2, when the charge density information of the target area is obtained by fusing and inverting the electrostatic field strength data from multiple collected stations, the charge density information can be calculated by fusing and inverting the electrostatic field strength data from the collected stations. This solves the problem of delayed lightning warnings and enables early quantitative analysis of the charge accumulation process in thunderstorm clouds. Specifically, this includes: Collect electrostatic field strength data and three-dimensional coordinates of multiple stations; A Poisson equation is constructed based on the electrostatic field strength data and the three-dimensional coordinates of the site. The average value of the terrain correction factor is calculated based on the elevation difference corresponding to the multiple stations, and the charge density information is obtained by fusion inversion based on the average value of the terrain correction factor and the Poisson equation.

[0056] In this embodiment, in step S3, anti-interference processing and raindrop identification are performed based on the collected vibration signal to obtain the raindrop signal. The raindrop signal can be separated from high-frequency noise using a long short-term memory network dynamic threshold and wavelet packet decomposition to solve the problem of misjudgment of raindrop signals caused by wind noise and electromagnetic interference. Specifically, this includes: Vibration signals are acquired using a double-helix piezoelectric array, and the signal trigger threshold is dynamically adjusted based on the acquired real-time relative humidity information using a pre-trained long short-term memory network. The vibration signal is denoised using a wavelet packet decomposition algorithm to obtain the denoised vibration signal. When the denoised vibration signal is greater than the signal trigger threshold, a raindrop signal is output.

[0057] The Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network is trained by fitting raindrop signals and noise signals under different humidity levels as inputs and the corresponding valid raindrop signals as outputs.

[0058] In this embodiment, after calculating the three-dimensional wind field characteristics, charge density information, and raindrop signals through the aforementioned steps, step S4 can be used to perform collaborative verification analysis of corresponding meteorological disasters based on the three-dimensional wind field characteristics, charge density information, and raindrop signals, so as to issue early warning information in advance. Specifically, this includes: Based on the vertical elevation angle and the three-dimensional composite wind speed vector in the three-dimensional wind field characteristics, when the preset storm gust warning conditions are met, a downburst warning and / or a strong gust warning are generated. The preset storm gust warning conditions are that the downburst / upburst air velocity is less than the first warning wind speed threshold, the magnitude of the three-dimensional composite wind speed vector is greater than the second warning wind speed threshold, and the absolute value of the vertical elevation angle is greater than the warning angle. A lightning warning is generated based on the charge density information and electrostatic field strength data when a preset lightning warning condition is met. The preset lightning warning condition is that the electrostatic field strength data is greater than the warning intensity value and continues to rise, and the charge density information is greater than the warning charge density. Based on the current wind speed and the electrostatic field strength data, if the preset effective raindrop conditions are met, a rain intensity warning is output based on the rain intensity information generated by the raindrop signal. The raindrop conditions are that the current wind speed is less than the third warning wind speed threshold and the electrostatic field change rate is less than the warning change rate threshold. The electrostatic field change rate is calculated based on the electrostatic field strength data. The downburst warning and / or strong gust warning, the lightning warning, and the rainfall intensity warning are used as power meteorological disaster warning information.

[0059] Example 4 Based on the same inventive concept, this invention also provides a power meteorological monitoring and disaster prevention device, such as... Figure 8 As shown, it includes: The synthesis module is used to perform three-dimensional vector synthesis based on the collected wind field data of the target area to obtain three-dimensional wind field features; The fusion inversion module is used to perform fusion inversion based on the electrostatic field strength data collected from multiple stations to obtain the charge density information of the target area; The identification module is used to perform anti-interference processing on the collected vibration signals and to identify raindrops to obtain raindrop signals; The verification and analysis module is used to perform collaborative verification and analysis based on the three-dimensional wind field characteristics, the charge density information, and the raindrop signal to generate power meteorological disaster early warning information.

[0060] Preferably, the synthesis module is specifically used for: A three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system was constructed, and the horizontal wind speed and azimuth of the target area were collected based on a horizontal ultrasonic sensor; Based on the horizontal wind speed and azimuth angle, calculate the horizontal wind speed component in the x-axis direction and the vertical wind speed component in the y-axis direction of the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system for the target area. The vertical ultrasonic sensor is used to collect the downward / upward airflow velocity in the z-axis direction of the target area in a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system; Based on the horizontal wind speed component, the vertical wind speed component, and the down / up air velocity, a three-dimensional composite wind speed vector and vertical elevation angle are obtained by vector synthesis. The three-dimensional synthetic wind speed vector and vertical elevation angle are used as three-dimensional wind field features.

[0061] Preferably, the fusion module is specifically used for: Collect electrostatic field strength data and three-dimensional coordinates of multiple stations; A Poisson equation is constructed based on the electrostatic field strength data and the three-dimensional coordinates of the site. The average value of the terrain correction factor is calculated based on the elevation difference corresponding to the multiple stations, and the charge density information is obtained by fusion inversion based on the average value of the terrain correction factor and the Poisson equation.

[0062] Preferably, the identification module is specifically used for: Vibration signals are acquired using a double-helix piezoelectric array, and the signal trigger threshold is dynamically adjusted based on the acquired real-time relative humidity information using a pre-trained long short-term memory network. The vibration signal is denoised using a wavelet packet decomposition algorithm to obtain the denoised vibration signal. When the denoised vibration signal is greater than the signal trigger threshold, a raindrop signal is output.

[0063] The Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network is trained by fitting raindrop signals and noise signals under different humidity levels as inputs and the corresponding valid raindrop signals as outputs.

[0064] Preferably, the generation module is specifically used for: Based on the vertical elevation angle and the three-dimensional composite wind speed vector in the three-dimensional wind field characteristics, when the preset storm gust warning conditions are met, a downburst warning and / or a strong gust warning are generated. The preset storm gust warning conditions are that the downburst / upburst air velocity is less than the first warning wind speed threshold, the magnitude of the three-dimensional composite wind speed vector is greater than the second warning wind speed threshold, and the absolute value of the vertical elevation angle is greater than the warning angle. A lightning warning is generated based on the charge density information and electrostatic field strength data when a preset lightning warning condition is met. The preset lightning warning condition is that the electrostatic field strength data is greater than the warning intensity value and continues to rise, and the charge density information is greater than the warning charge density. Based on the current wind speed and the electrostatic field strength data, if the preset effective raindrop conditions are met, a rain intensity warning is output based on the rain intensity information generated by the raindrop signal. The raindrop conditions are that the current wind speed is less than the third warning wind speed threshold and the electrostatic field change rate is less than the warning change rate threshold. The electrostatic field change rate is calculated based on the electrostatic field strength data. The downburst warning and / or strong gust warning, the lightning warning, and the rainfall intensity warning are used as power meteorological disaster warning information.

[0065] Example 5 like Figure 9 As shown, the present invention also provides an electronic device, which may be a computer device, a microcontroller device, a smart mobile device, etc. The electronic device in this embodiment may include a processor, a memory, a transceiver component, etc. The memory, processor, and transceiver component are connected via a bus; the memory can be used to store executable programs, and an exemplary executable program may include instructions; the processor is used to execute the instructions stored in the memory. The memory can also be used to store data, which can be accessed and / or modified when instructions are executed.

[0066] The processor may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), or it may be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. It is the computing and control core of the terminal, and it is suitable for implementing one or more instructions. Specifically, it is suitable for loading and executing one or more instructions in the storage medium to realize the corresponding method flow or corresponding function, so as to realize the steps of the power meteorological monitoring and disaster prevention method and the power meteorological monitoring method in the above embodiments.

[0067] Example 6 Based on the same inventive concept, this invention also provides a readable storage medium, specifically an electronic device readable storage medium (Memory). This readable storage medium is a memory device within an electronic device used to store programs and data. It is understood that the storage medium here can include both built-in storage media within the electronic device and extended storage media supported by the electronic device. The storage medium provides storage space, which stores the terminal's operating system. Furthermore, this storage space also stores one or more instructions suitable for loading and execution by a processor. These instructions can be one or more executable programs (including program code). It should be noted that the storage medium here can be high-speed RAM or non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage device. Loading and executing one or more instructions stored in the storage medium by the processor can implement the steps of the power meteorological monitoring and disaster prevention method and the power meteorological monitoring method described in the above embodiments.

[0068] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of the present invention can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0069] This invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, as well as combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0070] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0071] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0072] The above are merely embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are included within the scope of the claims of the present invention pending approval.

Claims

1. A method for power meteorological monitoring and disaster prevention, characterized in that, include: Meteorological data fusion is performed based on the collected power meteorological data to obtain multimodal meteorological data, which includes three-dimensional wind field characteristics, charge density information and raindrop signals. Based on the aforementioned multimodal meteorological data, collaborative verification analysis is performed to generate early warning information for power meteorological disasters; Power equipment protection operations are performed based on the aforementioned power meteorological disaster early warning information.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The meteorological data fusion based on the collected power meteorological data yields multimodal meteorological data, including: Three-dimensional wind field features are obtained by synthesizing three-dimensional vector data based on the collected wind field data of the target area. The charge density information of the target area is obtained by fusing and inverting electrostatic field strength data from multiple collected sites. The collected vibration signals are processed for anti-interference and raindrops are identified to obtain raindrop signals.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The three-dimensional wind field features are obtained by performing three-dimensional vector synthesis based on the collected wind field data of the target area, including: A three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system was constructed, and the horizontal wind speed and azimuth of the target area were collected based on a horizontal ultrasonic sensor; Based on the horizontal wind speed and azimuth angle, calculate the horizontal wind speed component in the x-axis direction and the vertical wind speed component in the y-axis direction of the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system for the target area. The vertical ultrasonic sensor is used to collect the downward / upward airflow velocity in the z-axis direction of the target area in a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system; Based on the horizontal wind speed component, the vertical wind speed component, and the down / up air velocity, a three-dimensional composite wind speed vector and vertical elevation angle are obtained by vector synthesis. The three-dimensional synthetic wind speed vector and vertical elevation angle are used as three-dimensional wind field features.

4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The charge density information of the target region is obtained by fusing and inverting electrostatic field strength data from multiple collected stations, including: Collect electrostatic field strength data and three-dimensional coordinates of multiple stations; A Poisson equation is constructed based on the electrostatic field strength data and the three-dimensional coordinates of the site. The average value of the terrain correction factor is calculated based on the elevation difference corresponding to the multiple stations, and the charge density information is obtained by fusion inversion based on the average value of the terrain correction factor and the Poisson equation.

5. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The process of performing anti-interference processing on the collected vibration signals and identifying raindrops to obtain raindrop signals includes: Vibration signals are acquired using a double-helix piezoelectric array, and a pre-trained long short-term memory network is used to dynamically adjust the signal trigger threshold based on the acquired real-time relative humidity information. The long short-term memory network is trained by fitting raindrop signals and noise signals under different humidity conditions as inputs and the corresponding effective raindrop signals as outputs. The vibration signal is denoised using a wavelet packet decomposition algorithm to obtain the denoised vibration signal. When the denoised vibration signal is greater than the signal trigger threshold, a raindrop signal is output.

6. The method according to any one of claims 3-5, characterized in that, The generation of power meteorological disaster early warning information based on the collaborative verification analysis of the multimodal meteorological data includes: Based on the vertical elevation angle and the three-dimensional composite wind speed vector in the three-dimensional wind field characteristics, when the preset storm gust warning conditions are met, a downburst warning and / or a strong gust warning are generated. The preset storm gust warning conditions are that the downburst / upburst air velocity is less than the first warning wind speed threshold, the magnitude of the three-dimensional composite wind speed vector is greater than the second warning wind speed threshold, and the absolute value of the vertical elevation angle is greater than the warning angle. A lightning warning is generated based on the charge density information and electrostatic field strength data when a preset lightning warning condition is met. The preset lightning warning condition is that the electrostatic field strength data is greater than the warning intensity value and continues to rise, and the charge density information is greater than the warning charge density. Based on the current wind speed and the electrostatic field strength data, if the preset effective raindrop conditions are met, a rain intensity warning is output based on the rain intensity information generated by the raindrop signal. The raindrop conditions are that the current wind speed is less than the third warning wind speed threshold and the electrostatic field change rate is less than the warning change rate threshold. The electrostatic field change rate is calculated based on the electrostatic field strength data. The downburst warning and / or strong gust warning, the lightning warning, and the rainfall intensity warning are used as power meteorological disaster warning information.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The execution of power equipment protection operations based on the power meteorological disaster early warning information includes: Based on the downburst warning and / or strong gust warning in the power meteorological disaster early warning information, the downburst warning operation is performed, wherein the downburst warning operation includes: sending control instructions to the power grid control system, adjusting the load of the transmission line, and coordinating with the dispatch center to optimize the power flow and / or controlling the relevant circuit breakers to perform tripping operations, adjusting the load of the transmission line, and coordinating with the dispatch center to optimize the power flow. Based on the lightning warning information in the power meteorological disaster early warning information, the lightning arrester is put into operation, and the easily broken-down section is isolated by the sectional switch operation, and the lightning protection signal is sent to the substation to adjust the insulation coordination strategy. Based on the rainfall intensity warning in the power meteorological disaster early warning information, the drainage system of the substation and / or transmission tower base is activated, the current operation mode of the substation is switched to the flood prevention mode, and the inspection personnel are notified to strengthen the inspection.

8. A power meteorological monitoring and disaster prevention device, characterized in that, include: The fusion module is used to fuse meteorological data based on the collected power meteorological data to obtain multimodal meteorological data, wherein the multimodal meteorological data includes three-dimensional wind field characteristics, charge density information and raindrop signals; The generation module is used to generate power meteorological disaster early warning information based on the multimodal meteorological data through collaborative verification analysis. The protection module is used to perform protective operations on power equipment based on the power meteorological disaster early warning information.

9. The apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that, The device further includes: The BeiDou differential orientation and attitude measurement module is used to correct the horizontal reference of the three-dimensional wind speed and the three-dimensional wind speed and direction module. The pressure module is used to monitor minute-level pressure changes and analyze pressure gradients and trends of sudden increases and decreases in pressure based on the monitored pressure data. The humidity module is used to monitor the relative humidity near the ground and analyze the atmospheric saturation state. The temperature module is used to monitor near-ground temperature changes in real time, record minute-level temperature data, and analyze the trend of sudden temperature rises and falls based on the minute-level temperature data. The heating module is used to activate the anti-icing program in low-temperature environments.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: At least one processor and memory; The memory and processor are connected via a bus; The memory is used to store one or more programs; When the one or more programs are executed by the at least one processor, the power meteorological monitoring and disaster prevention method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7 is implemented.

11. A readable storage medium, characterized in that, It contains an execution program, which, when executed, implements the power meteorological monitoring and disaster prevention method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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