A cost management system for multi-project engineering

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of data processing, and more particularly to a cost management system for multi-project engineering, which comprises an acquisition module, a determination module, a determination module, a sorting module, an adjustment module and an output module. The present application determines temporary projects by real-time acquisition of various key data in the project implementation process and overall cost deviation; further calculates the sub-item deviation of the two key cost components of consumables and manpower and analyzes the volatility of the target project in the time sequence; finally, the project list is obtained by combining the deviation dominant type determination and multi-dimensional comprehensive sorting, and the threshold is dynamically adjusted according to the historical data, so that the system can adapt to various actual situations, effectively solving the problems of low recognition accuracy and recognition lag of cost abnormal projects caused by excessive dependence on static data and inability to adapt to changing actual projects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of data processing technology, and in particular to a cost management system for multi-project engineering. Background Technology

[0002] In today's fiercely competitive construction market, facing frequent fluctuations in material prices and continuously rising labor costs, construction companies typically undertake dozens or even hundreds of projects from different business types and investors simultaneously. Traditional project management often relies on manual calculations and experience-based judgments, which is not only inefficient but also prone to errors. In the case of multiple projects, the lack of a unified management platform and effective data integration makes it difficult to share and compare cost information between projects, leading to unreasonable resource allocation and increased difficulty in cost control.

[0003] Chinese Patent Application Publication No. CN119027042A discloses a multi-project management method and system based on engineering cost. The method includes: a project information management module, an importance assessment module, a comprehensive assessment module, a priority determination module, a cost management module, a resource management module, a schedule management module, a risk management module, and a report and analysis module. The project information management module is used to input and maintain basic project information. The importance assessment module analyzes the importance of multiple project information to determine the importance of each project. The comprehensive assessment module sets corresponding weights for each assessment factor and calculates a comprehensive score. The priority determination module determines the priority order. The cost management module supports cost estimation, budget preparation, cost control, and cost analysis. The resource management module provides unified management of the enterprise's human, material, and financial resources, including resource registration, allocation, scheduling, and monitoring. The schedule management module develops project schedule plans, tracks actual project progress, and generates schedule reports and early warning information. The risk management module realizes full-process management of risk identification, assessment, response, and monitoring. The report and analysis module provides various reports and data analysis functions to help managers fully understand the project execution status and the overall operational status of the enterprise.

[0004] Therefore, the multi-project management method based on engineering cost has the following problems: it only inputs the project level once for evaluation, which cannot adapt to the dynamic changes in the external environment; the weights are assigned once by expert experience, which are static weights and cannot adapt to the unstable offset between historical deviations and on-site risks. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Therefore, the present invention provides a cost management system for multi-project engineering, which overcomes the problems of low accuracy and lag in project identification due to over-reliance on static data and inability to adapt to changing actual projects in the prior art through multi-dimensional data analysis and dynamic adjustment mechanisms.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a cost management system for multi-project engineering, comprising:

[0007] The data acquisition module is used to collect data in real time from the project engineering database, including the completed workload, budgeted unit price, real-time total cost, consumable cost, planned consumable value, labor cost, and planned labor value for each project to be managed.

[0008] The determination module, which is connected to the acquisition module, is used to calculate the cost deviation based on the completed workload, the budgeted unit price, and the real-time total cost, and to determine several temporary items based on the cost deviation and a preset cost deviation threshold.

[0009] A determination module, which is connected to the acquisition module and the judgment module respectively, is used to determine several target items and the anomaly type of each target item based on the consumable deviation determined based on the consumable cost and the consumable plan value within a preset determined time period, and the manpower deviation determined based on the manpower cost and the manpower plan value.

[0010] A sorting module, which is connected to the judgment module and the determination module respectively, is used to sort the target projects according to the cost deviation, manpower deviation, consumable deviation and anomaly type to obtain a project list;

[0011] An adjustment module, which is connected to the determination module and the judgment module respectively, is used to adjust the preset cost deviation threshold according to the number of each target item and the cost deviation within the next preset adjustment period;

[0012] An output module, connected to the sorting module, is used to generate a project cost analysis report based on the project list obtained again after adjusting the preset cost deviation threshold.

[0013] Furthermore, the determination module includes:

[0014] The cost deviation calculation unit is used to calculate the cost deviation based on the completed workload, the budgeted unit price, and the real-time total cost.

[0015] A temporary determination unit, connected to the cost deviation calculation unit, is used to determine the project to be managed as a temporary project based on a first comparison result of the cost deviation and the preset cost deviation threshold, thereby obtaining a number of temporary projects; and to determine the project to be managed as a low deviation project based on a second comparison result of the cost deviation and the preset cost deviation threshold, thereby obtaining a number of low deviation projects.

[0016] A temporary correction unit, connected to the temporary determination unit, is used to correct each low deviation item according to the cost deviation of each low deviation item within a preset temporary correction period, thereby obtaining a number of temporary items.

[0017] Furthermore, the temporary correction unit includes:

[0018] The cost deviation change calculation subunit is used to calculate the cost deviation change rate based on all cost deviations within the preset temporary correction period.

[0019] A temporary correction subunit, connected to the cost deviation change calculation subunit, is used to determine the low deviation item as the temporary item based on the comparison result of the cost deviation change rate and the preset cost change rate threshold, thereby obtaining several temporary items.

[0020] Furthermore, the determining module includes:

[0021] A consumable deviation calculation unit is used to calculate the consumable deviation based on the consumable cost and the planned consumable value.

[0022] A manpower deviation calculation unit is used to calculate the manpower deviation based on the manpower cost and the planned manpower value.

[0023] The first determining unit is connected to the consumable deviation calculation unit and the manpower deviation calculation unit respectively, and is used to determine a number of target items and a number of deviation stable items based on the consumable deviation and the manpower deviation within a preset determined time period.

[0024] A correction unit is defined, which is connected to the first determination unit, and is used to correct each deviation stability item according to the consumable deviation and the manpower deviation of each deviation stability item within a preset correction time, so as to obtain a number of target items.

[0025] A type determination unit, which is connected to the first determination unit and the determination correction unit respectively, is used to determine the abnormality type of each target project based on the consumable deviation and the manpower deviation of each target project.

[0026] Further, the first determining unit includes:

[0027] The consumable fluctuation calculation subunit is used to calculate the consumable deviation fluctuation value based on the consumable deviation within the preset time period.

[0028] The manpower fluctuation calculation subunit is used to calculate the manpower deviation fluctuation value based on the manpower deviation within the preset time period.

[0029] The first determining subunit is connected to the consumable fluctuation calculation subunit and the manpower fluctuation calculation subunit, respectively. It is used to determine the temporary project as the target project and obtain several target projects when the consumable deviation fluctuation value is greater than the preset consumable fluctuation threshold or the manpower deviation fluctuation value is greater than the preset manpower fluctuation threshold. It also determines the temporary project as the deviation stable project and obtains several deviation stable projects when the consumable deviation fluctuation value is less than the preset consumable fluctuation threshold and the manpower deviation fluctuation value is less than the preset manpower fluctuation threshold.

[0030] Further, the determination correction unit includes:

[0031] The consumables variation calculation subunit is used to calculate the consumables deviation change rate based on all the consumables deviations with the preset correction time.

[0032] The manpower change calculation subunit is used to calculate the manpower deviation change rate based on all the manpower deviations with the preset correction time.

[0033] A correction subunit is determined, which is connected to the consumable change calculation subunit and the manpower change calculation subunit respectively. It is used to determine the deviation stable item as the target item when the consumable deviation change rate is greater than the preset consumable change threshold or the manpower deviation change rate is greater than the preset manpower change threshold, thereby obtaining several target items.

[0034] Furthermore, the type determination unit includes:

[0035] The deviation comparison subunit is used to compare the deviation of the consumables and the deviation of the manpower to obtain the deviation comparison result;

[0036] A type determination subunit, which is connected to the deviation comparison subunit, is used to mark the anomaly type of the target item as the main deviation of consumables when the deviation comparison result is that the consumable deviation is greater than or equal to the manpower deviation, and to mark the anomaly type of the target item as the main deviation of manpower when the deviation comparison result is that the consumable deviation is less than the manpower deviation.

[0037] Furthermore, the sorting module includes:

[0038] The ranking index calculation unit is used to calculate the ranking index based on the cost deviation, the manpower deviation, and the consumables deviation.

[0039] A sorting unit, which is connected to the sorting index calculation unit, is used to sort the target items in descending order according to the sorting index to obtain a temporary list;

[0040] A sorting correction unit, connected to the sorting unit, is used to correct the temporary list according to the anomaly type of each target item to obtain an item list.

[0041] Furthermore, the sorting correction unit includes:

[0042] An interchangeable tagging subunit is used to mark the target items whose anomaly type is the human main deviation among all target items that are sorted ahead of each target item by a preset number of items as interchangeable items.

[0043] A sorting correction subunit, connected to the interchangeable tag subunit, is used to swap the sequence positions of the target item and the interchangeable item when the anomaly type of each target item is the main deviation of the consumable, so as to correct the temporary list and obtain the item list.

[0044] Furthermore, the adjustment module includes:

[0045] A quantity fluctuation calculation unit is used to calculate the quantity fluctuation value based on all quantities within the next preset adjustment period;

[0046] A cost deviation fluctuation calculation unit, which is connected to the quantity fluctuation calculation unit, is used to calculate the cost deviation fluctuation value based on the cost deviation of each of the target items when the quantity fluctuation value is greater than the preset quantity fluctuation threshold.

[0047] An adjustment unit, connected to the cost deviation fluctuation calculation unit, is used to adjust the preset cost deviation threshold based on the comparison result between the cost deviation fluctuation value and the preset cost deviation fluctuation threshold.

[0048] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: by collecting various key data during the project implementation process in real time, a preliminary judgment is made based on the overall cost deviation to identify temporary project groups; then, it is broken down into two key cost components: consumables and manpower. By calculating the deviations of each component and analyzing their volatility over time, the system effectively distinguishes between systematic deviations and random fluctuations, thus obtaining the target projects; finally, by combining the determination of the dominant deviation type and multi-dimensional comprehensive ranking, a project list is obtained. This not only accurately locates which projects have problems, but also deeply reveals whether the problem mainly lies in materials or manpower, as well as the stability and urgency of the problem. This provides managers with a complete decision-making chain from macro-level early warning to micro-level intervention. At the same time, by dynamically adjusting the threshold based on historical data, the system can adapt to various actual situations, effectively solving the problems of low accuracy and lag in identifying abnormal cost projects due to over-reliance on static data and inability to adapt to changing actual projects.

[0049] Furthermore, by comparing the rigid thresholds of earned value and actual cost, projects that have shown obvious abnormalities can be quickly identified, resulting in temporary projects. At the same time, for low-deviation projects whose current deviations have not exceeded the threshold, potential hidden risks can be captured by analyzing the changes in their cost deviations over time. This ensures that the system can not only respond quickly to cost problems that have already occurred, but also provide forward-looking warnings of trend risks that have not yet fully manifested, greatly improving the sensitivity and predictability of multi-project cost management.

[0050] Furthermore, by calculating the rate of change of cost deviations within a preset temporary correction period, the time dimension is incorporated into the evaluation system to accurately identify hidden anomalies that, while not currently exceeding the budget, are rapidly deviating from it. A cost deviation whose absolute value does not exceed the threshold, but shows a continuously worsening trend, may pose a far greater potential risk than a deviation that exceeds the threshold but has stabilized. This allows the system to shift from reactive post-event response to proactive pre-event intervention, significantly improving the foresight and risk control capabilities of cost management, and ensuring the comprehensiveness and timeliness of anomaly identification.

[0051] Furthermore, by analyzing the volatility of the relative deviations of consumables and manpower within a predetermined timeframe, projects with drastic fluctuations are identified as target projects. Then, a secondary diagnosis is performed on stable projects with moderate fluctuations, by examining the trend of deviation changes within a predetermined correction timeframe, to capture hidden risks that, although not drastically fluctuating, are systematically deviating from the budget. Finally, the anomaly type is determined based on the dominant deviation, ensuring the depth and breadth of anomaly identification, enabling the system to accurately locate all key projects from explicit anomalies to hidden risks, and to identify the nature of anomalies in each target project.

[0052] Furthermore, by calculating the standard deviation of the deviations in consumables and manpower over time, projects with volatility exceeding the threshold are identified as target projects, indicating that the cost control of these projects is unstable and there is a systemic risk of continuous deterioration. Projects with relatively small fluctuations in both aspects are classified as stable projects, indicating that their deviations are likely due to accidental factors. This ensures that the system's limited management resources can be accurately focused on those projects that are truly out of control and have persistent risks, greatly improving the accuracy of management efficiency.

[0053] Furthermore, by calculating the rate of change of material and manpower deviations over a longer correction period, the system can capture potential abnormal projects that, while not experiencing drastic fluctuations in absolute value, are systematically and unidirectionally deviating from the budget. A stable project with low volatility, whose cost deviations are accumulating in a single direction, poses a much higher long-term risk than a project with high volatility that oscillates randomly around a benchmark. This ensures that the system can not only identify acute cost runaways but also diagnose chronic cost deterioration, thus building a comprehensive defense line for identifying abnormal projects.

[0054] Furthermore, by directly comparing the absolute values ​​of the two types of deviations—consumables and manpower—the target project can be clearly categorized into either the primary deviation of consumables or the primary deviation of manpower. This essentially completes a preliminary diagnosis of the root cause of the problem from a data perspective. This clear categorization allows management resources to be precisely directed. Different types of cost deviations represent drastically different management problems. Only by identifying the dominant source of the deviation can efficient control be achieved through tailored strategies for each type.

[0055] Furthermore, by pre-setting weights, the three types of deviations—total cost, manpower, and consumables—are weighted and summed to calculate a preliminary quantitative ranking index from a financial impact perspective. Then, the temporary list is revised based on the key qualitative information of the anomaly type. This ensures that projects with slightly lower total scores but more urgent anomaly types receive priority attention. For example, the main deviation of consumables is usually associated with supply chain risks and requires a faster response. The priority of a project is not determined by a single cost deviation, but by the combined effect of multiple deviations and management strategies. This ensures that the final project list reflects both the objective severity of the problem and accurately matches the company's resource allocation strategy, thereby maximizing management efficiency.

[0056] Furthermore, by identifying interchangeable manpower major deviation items in preceding projects and swapping their positions with subsequent key consumable major deviation items, the priority of handling consumable anomalies that are more uncontrollable and have a stronger risk diffusion potential, such as those related to external supply chains and price fluctuations, is strategically elevated. This ensures that the final ranking of the project list respects objective data while incorporating deep risk management wisdom, guaranteeing that the management system can prioritize responding to cost anomalies that may trigger chain reactions and have a greater impact on the enterprise.

[0057] Furthermore, by monitoring the fluctuations in the number of projects, the stability of the system environment can be perceived, and on this basis, adjustments to the cost deviation threshold can be conditionally triggered. When the number of abnormal projects fluctuates drastically and the overall cost deviation is extremely unstable, it indicates that the external market or internal management is experiencing significant disturbances. At this time, a rigid static threshold will lead to frequent false alarms or missed alarms. When the overall cost deviation fluctuation also increases simultaneously, the judgment threshold is tightened, ensuring the prudence and scientific nature of the threshold adjustment, so that the system can automatically maintain the best monitoring sensitivity in a complex and ever-changing environment. Attached Figure Description

[0058] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the cost management system structure for multi-project engineering in this embodiment;

[0059] Figure 2 This is a logic diagram for determining temporary items and low-deviation items in the determination module of this embodiment;

[0060] Figure 3The temporary correction unit in this embodiment corrects the determination logic diagram of the temporary item;

[0061] Figure 4 This is a logic diagram for determining the target item and the deviation stability item by the first determining unit in this embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0062] To make the objectives and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments; it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0063] Preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art should understand that these embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical principles of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0064] Please see Figure 1 As shown, this is a schematic diagram of a cost management system for multi-project engineering in this embodiment. This embodiment provides a cost management system for multi-project engineering, including:

[0065] The data acquisition module is used to collect data in real time from the project engineering database, including the completed workload, budgeted unit price, real-time total cost, consumable cost, planned consumable value, labor cost, and planned labor value for each project to be managed.

[0066] The determination module, which is connected to the acquisition module, is used to calculate the cost deviation based on the completed workload, the budgeted unit price, and the real-time total cost, and to determine several temporary items based on the cost deviation and a preset cost deviation threshold.

[0067] A determination module, which is connected to the acquisition module and the judgment module respectively, is used to determine several target items and the anomaly type of each target item based on the consumable deviation determined based on the consumable cost and the consumable plan value within a preset determined time period, and the manpower deviation determined based on the manpower cost and the manpower plan value.

[0068] A sorting module, which is connected to the judgment module and the determination module respectively, is used to sort the target projects according to the cost deviation, manpower deviation, consumable deviation and anomaly type to obtain a project list;

[0069] An adjustment module, which is connected to the determination module and the judgment module respectively, is used to adjust the preset cost deviation threshold according to the number of each target item and the cost deviation within the next preset adjustment period;

[0070] An output module, connected to the sorting module, is used to generate a project cost analysis report based on the project list obtained again after adjusting the preset cost deviation threshold.

[0071] In this embodiment, with the changes in the construction market and the labor market, it is difficult to estimate the changes between the actual situation of the project and the project expectations. Furthermore, large construction companies often manage multiple projects distributed in different regions at the same time. There is a lack of a unified management platform and effective data integration for these projects. It is difficult to share and compare cost information between projects, which ultimately leads to unreasonable resource allocation and increased difficulty in cost control.

[0072] In this embodiment, the output module is the system's decision support terminal. It receives the final project list after dynamic threshold adjustment and intelligent sorting, and automatically synthesizes a structured project cost analysis report through a data visualization engine and report generation algorithm. This report specifically includes: 1) an execution summary, clearly presenting the total number, distribution, and overall risk level of cost anomalies; 2) details of key anomalies, listing the cost deviation value, dominant anomaly type (consumables / labor), historical fluctuation curve, and preliminary diagnosis of the root cause for each target project, prioritized by priority; 3) specific handling recommendations, providing specific control measures for different anomaly types, such as suggesting re-tendering suppliers for major consumable deviation projects and optimizing construction team configurations for major labor deviation projects; 4) threshold adjustment explanation, showing the adjustment range of the preset cost deviation threshold for this period and the analysis of the reasons for the adjustment; and 5) trend prediction, providing early warnings of potential cost risks in the next period based on historical data. The report, in a combined text and graphics format, transforms the output of the sorting module into a professional decision-making basis that can directly guide management to take precise intervention actions.

[0073] In this embodiment, the project engineering database refers to a dynamically updated centralized data warehouse that receives data streams from various business systems in real time through data interfaces, including real-time business data continuously fed in from sources such as on-site mobile terminals, IoT devices, financial systems, and procurement platforms. Projects under management refer to all engineering projects currently being executed by the enterprise that need to be included in this system for cost monitoring. Completed workload refers to the actual physical workload or task progress completed in the project, obtained through manual entry via a mobile construction log APP, and updated minute-by-minute according to the construction progress. Budgeted unit price refers to the pre-determined planned cost per unit of work, derived from the enterprise's quota database or historical project cost analysis system, directly accessed through cost management software, and updated synchronously in real time when design changes occur. Real-time total cost refers to the total actual expenditure incurred by the project, synchronized in real time through the API interface of the integrated enterprise ERP financial system or project cost management platform, and refreshed second-by-second with each payment voucher entry. Consumable cost refers to the actual consumption cost of physical resources such as materials and equipment, summarized through invoice data from the procurement system, outbound records from the warehouse management system, or RFID material tracking technology, and dynamically changes with the entry and exit of materials. The planned cost of consumables refers to the pre-prepared budgeted cost of consumables, extracted from the component association information of the BIM model or the project budget breakdown database, and adjusted in real time when purchase orders change. Labor costs refer to direct labor wages, outsourced labor, and other expenses, obtained in real time through the work hour statistics of the human resources system, data from smart attendance devices, or subcontract payment records, and dynamically accumulated with daily attendance data. The planned labor cost refers to the original budget for labor costs, derived from the WBS task resource allocation plan or the labor cost breakdown database of the bid quotation, and updated in real time when the construction plan is optimized.

[0074] The preset cost deviation threshold is a critical value used to determine whether a project's current cost overrun is abnormal. It depends on the company's risk tolerance, contract price adjustment window, industry average cost volatility, and historical cost variation coefficient, and is typically set between ±2% and ±5%. In this embodiment, it is set to 3%, covering 90% of the historical volatility envelope, thus filtering out market noise while retaining sensitive early warnings.

[0075] The preset timeframe is the length of the historical data window used to calculate cost deviation volatility. It depends on the project cycle length, cost data collection frequency, and management decision-making cycle, and is usually set between 4 and 12 weeks. In this embodiment, it is set to 8 weeks, which can capture sufficient monthly fluctuation patterns while avoiding diluting recent abnormal signals due to an excessively long period, achieving the best balance between stability and sensitivity.

[0076] The preset adjustment duration refers to the length of historical data used by the system to assess whether a preset cost deviation threshold needs adjustment. It depends on the company's strategic review cycle, the stability of the external market environment, and the frequency of internal management policy adjustments, and is typically set between 3 and 12 months. In this embodiment, it is set to 6 months, which covers a sufficiently long business cycle to observe trends, avoiding frequent threshold adjustments due to short-term fluctuations, while also allowing for timely responses to medium- and long-term changes in the market environment or management strategies, achieving a good balance between stability and adaptability.

[0077] By collecting various key data during project implementation in real time, and making an initial judgment based on overall cost deviation, temporary project groups are identified. This is then broken down into two key cost components: consumables and labor. By calculating the deviations of each component and analyzing their volatility over time, systemic deviations and random fluctuations are effectively distinguished, resulting in target projects. Finally, a project list is generated by combining the determination of the dominant deviation type and multi-dimensional comprehensive ranking. This not only accurately identifies which projects have problems but also reveals whether the problem mainly stems from materials or labor, as well as the stability and urgency of the issues. This provides managers with a complete decision-making chain from macro-level early warning to micro-level intervention. Furthermore, by dynamically adjusting thresholds based on historical data, the system can adapt to various real-world situations, effectively solving the problems of low accuracy and delayed identification of cost anomalies caused by over-reliance on static data and inability to adapt to changing real-world projects.

[0078] Please see Figure 2 As shown, this is the logic diagram for determining temporary items and low-deviation items by the determination module in this embodiment. In this embodiment, the determination module includes:

[0079] The cost deviation calculation unit is used to calculate the product of the completed workload and the budgeted unit price to obtain the earned value, and to calculate the relative deviation between the earned value and the real-time total cost to obtain the cost deviation.

[0080] A temporary determination unit, connected to the cost deviation calculation unit, is used to determine the project to be managed as the temporary project when the cost deviation is greater than the preset cost deviation threshold, thereby obtaining a number of temporary projects; and to determine the project to be managed as a low deviation project when the cost deviation is less than or equal to the preset cost deviation threshold, thereby obtaining a number of low deviation projects.

[0081] A temporary correction unit, connected to the temporary determination unit, is used to correct each low deviation item according to the cost deviation of each low deviation item within a preset temporary correction period, thereby obtaining a number of temporary items.

[0082] By comparing earned value with rigid thresholds of actual cost, projects with obvious anomalies can be quickly identified, resulting in temporary projects. At the same time, for low-deviation projects whose current deviations have not exceeded the threshold, potential hidden risks can be captured by analyzing the changes in their cost deviations over time. This ensures that the system can not only respond quickly to cost problems that have already occurred, but also provide forward-looking warnings of trend risks that have not yet fully manifested, greatly improving the sensitivity and foresight of multi-project cost management.

[0083] Please see Figure 3 As shown, this is a logic diagram for determining the temporary item obtained by the temporary correction unit in this embodiment. In this embodiment, the temporary correction unit includes:

[0084] The cost deviation change calculation subunit is used to calculate the rate of change of all cost deviations within the preset temporary correction period, and obtain the cost deviation change rate.

[0085] A temporary correction subunit, which is connected to the cost deviation change calculation subunit, is used to determine the low deviation item as the temporary item when the cost deviation change rate is greater than a preset cost change rate threshold, thereby obtaining several temporary items.

[0086] The preset temporary correction period is the length of time for a second review of low-deviation projects to observe whether their cost deviation trend is worsening. It depends on the total project duration, the change order closure cycle, and the frequency of the company's monthly cost meetings, and is usually set between 7 and 28 days. In this implementation, it is set to 14 days, which can cover the two-week rolling cost ledger and the common material price fluctuation cycle, allowing sufficient time for on-site correction while avoiding excessively long windows that could lead to delayed risks.

[0087] The preset cost change rate threshold is a critical value used to determine whether the trend of cost deviation is abnormal. It depends on the daily fluctuation of material prices, the frequency of change orders, and the slope of the company's cash flow to bear the advance payment. It is usually set between 0.3% and 1.0%. In this embodiment, it is set to 0.5% to promptly identify projects with a significant trend of overspending.

[0088] By calculating the rate of change of cost deviations within a preset temporary correction period, the time dimension is incorporated into the evaluation system to accurately identify hidden anomalies that, while not currently exceeding budget, are rapidly deviating from the budget. A cost deviation whose absolute value does not exceed the threshold, but shows a continuously worsening trend, may pose a far greater potential risk than a deviation that exceeds the threshold but has stabilized. This allows the system to shift from reactive, post-event response to proactive, pre-event intervention, significantly improving the foresight and risk control capabilities of cost management, and ensuring the comprehensiveness and timeliness of anomaly identification.

[0089] Specifically, the determining module includes:

[0090] The consumable deviation calculation unit is used to calculate the relative deviation between the cost of the consumable and the planned value of the consumable, and to obtain the consumable deviation;

[0091] The manpower deviation calculation unit is used to calculate the relative deviation between the manpower cost and the planned manpower value, thereby obtaining the manpower deviation;

[0092] The first determining unit is connected to the consumable deviation calculation unit and the manpower deviation calculation unit respectively, and is used to determine a number of target items and a number of deviation stable items based on the consumable deviation and the manpower deviation within a preset determined time period.

[0093] A correction unit is defined, which is connected to the first determination unit, and is used to correct each deviation stability item according to the consumable deviation and the manpower deviation of each deviation stability item within a preset correction time, so as to obtain a number of target items.

[0094] A type determination unit, which is connected to the first determination unit and the determination correction unit respectively, is used to determine the abnormality type of each target project based on the consumable deviation and the manpower deviation of each target project.

[0095] By analyzing the volatility of the relative deviations of consumables and manpower within a predetermined timeframe, projects with drastic fluctuations are identified as target projects. Then, stable projects with moderate fluctuations undergo secondary diagnosis by examining their deviation trends within a predetermined correction timeframe to identify hidden risks that, while not drastically fluctuating, are systematically deviating from the budget. Finally, the anomaly type is determined based on the dominant deviation, ensuring the depth and breadth of anomaly identification. This allows the system to accurately pinpoint all key projects, from explicit anomalies to hidden risks, and identify the nature of anomalies in each target project.

[0096] Please see Figure 4 As shown, this is the decision logic diagram for the first determining unit to determine the target item and the deviation stability item in this embodiment. In this embodiment, the first determining unit includes:

[0097] The consumable fluctuation calculation subunit is used to calculate the standard deviation of all the consumable deviations within the preset time period to obtain the consumable deviation fluctuation value;

[0098] The manpower fluctuation calculation subunit is used to calculate the standard deviation of all manpower deviations within the preset time period to obtain the manpower deviation fluctuation value;

[0099] The first determining subunit is connected to the consumable fluctuation calculation subunit and the manpower fluctuation calculation subunit, respectively. It is used to determine the temporary project as the target project and obtain several target projects when the consumable deviation fluctuation value is greater than the preset consumable fluctuation threshold or the manpower deviation fluctuation value is greater than the preset manpower fluctuation threshold. It also determines the temporary project as the deviation stable project and obtains several deviation stable projects when the consumable deviation fluctuation value is less than the preset consumable fluctuation threshold and the manpower deviation fluctuation value is less than the preset manpower fluctuation threshold.

[0100] The preset consumables fluctuation threshold refers to the critical value for determining whether the fluctuation of consumables cost deviation is abnormal. It depends on the accuracy requirements of the enterprise's consumables cost management, the characteristics of industry price fluctuations, and differences in project types, and is usually set between 2% and 5%. In this embodiment, it is set to 3%, which can effectively filter out the interference of normal market fluctuations, while ensuring sufficient sensitivity to substantive risks such as abnormal fluctuations in material prices and procurement management issues.

[0101] The preset labor cost fluctuation threshold refers to the critical value for determining whether the fluctuation of labor cost deviation is abnormal. It depends on the stability of labor costs, the range of fluctuation in construction efficiency, and the maturity of human resource management, and is usually set between 1.5% and 4%. In this embodiment, it is set to 2.5%, which takes into account normal fluctuations in construction efficiency and can promptly detect abnormal labor cost problems caused by insufficient personnel skills, improper scheduling, or chaotic work hour management.

[0102] By calculating the standard deviation of the deviations in consumables and manpower over time, projects with volatility exceeding the threshold are identified as target projects. This means that the cost control of these projects is unstable and there is a systemic risk of continuous deterioration. On the other hand, projects with small fluctuations in both are classified as stable projects, indicating that their deviations are likely due to accidental factors. This ensures that the system's limited management resources can be accurately focused on those projects that are truly out of control and have persistent risks, greatly improving the accuracy of management efficiency.

[0103] Specifically, the determination correction unit includes:

[0104] The consumables variation calculation subunit is used to calculate the rate of change of all the consumables deviations for the preset correction time, and obtain the consumables deviation change rate;

[0105] The manpower change calculation subunit is used to calculate the rate of change of all the manpower deviations within the preset correction time, and obtain the manpower deviation change rate.

[0106] A correction subunit is determined, which is connected to the consumable change calculation subunit and the manpower change calculation subunit respectively. It is used to determine the deviation stable item as the target item when the consumable deviation change rate is greater than the preset consumable change threshold or the manpower deviation change rate is greater than the preset manpower change threshold, thereby obtaining several target items.

[0107] The preset correction period refers to the length of time used to calculate the cost deviation change rate. It depends on the forward-looking needs of project risk identification and the effective observation period of cost trends, and is usually set between 3 and 6 months. In this embodiment, it is set to 4 months, which can effectively capture cost trend changes across quarterly cycles, avoid interference from short-term fluctuations, and ensure early identification of hidden risks.

[0108] The preset consumables change threshold refers to the critical value for determining whether the trend of consumables cost deviation constitutes a risk. It depends on the characteristics of material price fluctuations, the length of the procurement cycle, and the inventory turnover rate, and is usually set between 1.5% and 3% per month. In this embodiment, it is set to 2% per month, which can effectively filter out normal market price fluctuations and at the same time provide timely warnings of the risk of continuous cost increases caused by supply chain tensions or uncontrolled procurement.

[0109] The preset threshold for changes in labor costs refers to the critical value used to determine whether a deviation in labor costs constitutes a risk. It depends on the stability of the labor market, changes in construction efficiency, and the maturity of project management, and is typically set between 1% and 2.5% per month. In this embodiment, it is set to 1.5% per month, which remains sensitive to the slow erosion of labor costs and can effectively identify the cumulative cost risks caused by lax time management, skill mismatch, or persistently low efficiency.

[0110] By calculating the rate of change of material and manpower deviations over a longer correction period, the system can identify potential abnormal projects that, while not experiencing drastic fluctuations in absolute value, are systematically and unidirectionally deviating from the budget. A stable project with low volatility, whose cost deviations are accumulating in a single direction, poses a much higher long-term risk than a project with high volatility that oscillates randomly around a benchmark. This ensures that the system can not only identify acute cost runaways but also diagnose chronic cost deterioration, thus building a comprehensive defense against abnormal projects.

[0111] Specifically, the type determination unit includes:

[0112] The deviation comparison subunit is used to compare the deviation of the consumables and the deviation of the manpower to obtain the deviation comparison result;

[0113] A type determination subunit, which is connected to the deviation comparison subunit, is used to mark the anomaly type of the target item as the main deviation of consumables when the deviation comparison result is that the consumable deviation is greater than or equal to the manpower deviation, and to mark the anomaly type of the target item as the main deviation of manpower when the deviation comparison result is that the consumable deviation is less than the manpower deviation.

[0114] By directly comparing the absolute values ​​of deviations in consumables and manpower, the target project can be clearly categorized into either consumables-related main deviations or manpower-related main deviations. This essentially provides a preliminary diagnosis of the root cause of the problem from a data-driven perspective. This clear categorization allows management resources to be precisely directed. Different types of cost deviations represent drastically different management issues, and only by identifying the dominant source of the deviation can efficient, tailored management be implemented.

[0115] Specifically, the sorting module includes:

[0116] The ranking index calculation unit is used to perform a weighted summation of the cost deviation, the manpower deviation, the consumable deviation, the preset cost weight, the preset manpower weight, and the preset consumable weight to obtain the ranking index;

[0117] A sorting unit, connected to the sorting index calculation unit, is used to sort the target items in descending order according to the sorting index to obtain a temporary list;

[0118] A sorting correction unit, connected to the sorting unit, is used to correct the temporary list according to the anomaly type of each target item to obtain an item list.

[0119] The preset cost weight refers to the importance coefficient assigned to the total cost deviation in the comprehensive ranking index. It depends on the company's emphasis on the overall cost control target of the project and the overall financial impact of the project overrun, and is usually set between 0.4 and 0.6. In this embodiment, it is set to 0.5, which establishes its core position in the ranking, ensures primary focus on the overall financial health of the project, and avoids ignoring the overall risk of overrun due to excessive focus on individual details.

[0120] The preset human resource weight refers to the importance coefficient assigned to the deviation of human resource costs in the comprehensive ranking index. It depends on the labor intensity of the project, the controllability of labor costs, and the human resource management strategy, and is usually set between 0.2 and 0.35. In this embodiment, it is set to 0.25, which reasonably reflects the importance of human resource costs as a key controllable factor. It can both drive managers to focus on efficiency and working hours issues and avoid over-amplifying its impact in non-labor-intensive projects.

[0121] The preset consumables weight refers to the importance coefficient assigned to the consumables cost deviation in the comprehensive ranking index. It depends on the material intensity of the project, the risk of material price fluctuations, and the complexity of procurement management, and is usually set between 0.25 and 0.4. In this embodiment, it is set to 0.25, placing it on an equal footing with labor costs. This reflects a balanced focus on the consumption of physical resources and external supply chain risks, prompting managers to examine both material usage efficiency and procurement cost control.

[0122] By pre-setting weights and weighting the three types of deviations—total cost, manpower, and consumables—a preliminary quantitative ranking index is calculated from a financial impact perspective. Then, the provisional list is revised based on the key qualitative information of the anomaly type. This ensures that projects with slightly lower total scores but more urgent anomaly types receive priority attention. For example, major deviations in consumables are usually associated with supply chain risks and require faster response. The priority of a project is not determined by a single cost deviation, but by the combined effect of multiple dimensions of deviations and management strategies. This ensures that the final project list reflects both the objective severity of the problem and accurately matches the company's resource allocation strategy, maximizing management efficiency.

[0123] Specifically, the sorting correction unit includes:

[0124] An interchangeable tagging subunit is used to mark the target items whose anomaly type is the human main deviation among all target items that are sorted ahead of each target item by a preset number of items as interchangeable items.

[0125] A sorting correction subunit, connected to the interchangeable tag subunit, is used to swap the sequence positions of the target item and the interchangeable item when the anomaly type of each target item is the main deviation of the consumable, so as to correct the temporary list and obtain the item list.

[0126] The preset quantity refers to the maximum ranking range or number of items that the system allows to perform position swapping operations during the ranking correction process. It depends on the definition of high-priority items in the management strategy, the management span of the management team, and the number of items planned to be prioritized in each decision cycle, and is typically set between 3 and 10. In this embodiment, it is set to 5, which ensures that the most critical risk of consumable main deviation is addressed first, while maintaining the relative stability of the overall ranking structure. This avoids the failure of the objective ranking based on quantitative indices due to excessive correction, achieving a good balance between management efficiency and risk response agility.

[0127] By identifying interchangeable manpower major deviation items in preceding projects and swapping their positions with subsequent key consumable major deviation items, the priority of handling consumable anomalies that are more uncontrollable and have a stronger risk diffusion potential, such as those related to external supply chains and price fluctuations, is strategically elevated. This ensures that the final ranking of the project list respects objective data while incorporating deep risk management wisdom, guaranteeing that the management system can prioritize responding to cost anomalies that may trigger chain reactions and have a greater impact on the enterprise.

[0128] Specifically, the adjustment module includes:

[0129] The quantity fluctuation calculation unit is used to calculate the standard deviation of all quantities within the next preset adjustment period to obtain the quantity fluctuation value;

[0130] A cost deviation fluctuation calculation unit, which is connected to the quantity fluctuation calculation unit, is used to calculate the standard deviation of the cost deviation of all the target items when the quantity fluctuation value is greater than a preset quantity fluctuation threshold, so as to obtain the cost deviation fluctuation value.

[0131] An adjustment unit, connected to the cost deviation fluctuation calculation unit, is used to increase the preset cost deviation threshold based on the relative deviation between the cost deviation fluctuation value and the preset cost deviation fluctuation threshold and a preset adjustment coefficient when the cost deviation fluctuation value is greater than the preset cost deviation fluctuation threshold. Here, T'=T×(1+a×︱Y-Y'︱ / Y'), T' adjusts the cost deviation threshold, T is the preset cost deviation threshold, a is the preset adjustment coefficient, Y is the cost deviation fluctuation value, and Y' is the preset cost deviation fluctuation threshold.

[0132] The preset quantity fluctuation threshold refers to the critical value for determining whether the fluctuation of the number of abnormal projects is significant. It depends on the scale of the enterprise's multi-project management, the stability requirements of the project cluster, and the historical fluctuation pattern of the number of abnormal projects, and is usually set between 1.5 and 3.0. In this embodiment, it is set to 2.0, which effectively filters out normal fluctuations in the number of projects. Subsequent cost deviation analysis is only triggered when there is a significant fluctuation in the number of abnormal projects, avoiding unnecessary threshold adjustments due to normal quantity fluctuations and ensuring the prudence and necessity of adjustment actions.

[0133] The preset cost deviation fluctuation threshold refers to the critical value for determining whether the overall cost deviation fluctuation is at a high level. It depends on the accuracy requirements of the enterprise's cost control, the characteristics of industry cost fluctuations, and the enterprise's risk tolerance, and is usually set between 4% and 8%. In this embodiment, it is set to 6%, which can accurately identify whether there is a systemic deterioration in the cost control environment. Only when the cost deviations of most abnormal items are in a highly unstable state is it determined that the monitoring threshold needs to be relaxed to prevent the system from generating alarm overload due to an overly strict threshold under global risk.

[0134] By monitoring the fluctuations in the number of projects, the stability of the system environment can be perceived. Based on this, adjustments to the cost deviation threshold can be conditionally triggered. When the number of abnormal projects fluctuates drastically and the overall cost deviation is extremely unstable, it indicates that the external market or internal management is experiencing significant disturbances. At this time, a rigid static threshold will lead to frequent false alarms or missed alarms. When the overall cost deviation fluctuation also increases simultaneously, the judgment threshold is tightened, ensuring the prudence and scientific nature of the threshold adjustment, so that the system can automatically maintain the best monitoring sensitivity in a complex and ever-changing environment.

[0135] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cost management system for multi-project engineering, characterized in that, include: The data acquisition module is used to collect in real time the completed workload, budgeted unit price, real-time total cost, consumable cost, planned consumable value, labor cost, and planned labor value of each project to be managed in the project engineering database. The determination module, which is connected to the acquisition module, is used to calculate the cost deviation based on the completed workload, the budgeted unit price, and the real-time total cost, and to determine several temporary items based on the cost deviation and a preset cost deviation threshold. A determination module, which is connected to the acquisition module and the judgment module respectively, is used to determine several target items and the anomaly type of each target item based on the consumable deviation determined based on the consumable cost and the consumable plan value within a preset determined time period, and the manpower deviation determined based on the manpower cost and the manpower plan value. A sorting module, which is connected to the judgment module and the determination module respectively, is used to sort the target projects according to the cost deviation, manpower deviation, consumable deviation and the anomaly type to obtain a project list; An adjustment module, which is connected to the determination module and the judgment module respectively, is used to adjust the preset cost deviation threshold according to the number of each target item and the cost deviation within the next preset adjustment period; An output module, connected to the sorting module, is used to generate a project cost analysis report based on the project list obtained again after adjusting the preset cost deviation threshold. The determining module includes: A consumable deviation calculation unit is used to calculate the consumable deviation based on the consumable cost and the planned consumable value. A manpower deviation calculation unit is used to calculate the manpower deviation based on the manpower cost and the planned manpower value. The first determining unit is connected to the consumable deviation calculation unit and the manpower deviation calculation unit respectively, and is used to determine a number of target items and a number of deviation stable items based on the consumable deviation and the manpower deviation within a preset determined time period. A correction unit is defined, which is connected to the first determination unit, and is used to correct each deviation stability item according to the consumable deviation and the manpower deviation of each deviation stability item within a preset correction time, so as to obtain a number of target items. A type determination unit, which is connected to the first determination unit and the determination correction unit respectively, is used to determine the abnormality type of each target project based on the consumable deviation and the manpower deviation of each target project; The first determining unit includes: The consumable fluctuation calculation subunit is used to calculate the consumable deviation fluctuation value based on the consumable deviation within the preset time period. The manpower fluctuation calculation subunit is used to calculate the manpower deviation fluctuation value based on the manpower deviation within the preset time period. The first determining subunit is connected to the consumable fluctuation calculation subunit and the manpower fluctuation calculation subunit, respectively, and is used to determine the temporary project as the target project and obtain several target projects when the consumable deviation fluctuation value is greater than the preset consumable fluctuation threshold or the manpower deviation fluctuation value is greater than the preset manpower fluctuation threshold; and to determine the temporary project as the deviation stable project and obtain several deviation stable projects when the consumable deviation fluctuation value is less than the preset consumable fluctuation threshold and the manpower deviation fluctuation value is less than the preset manpower fluctuation threshold. The determination correction unit includes: The consumables variation calculation subunit is used to calculate the consumables deviation change rate based on all the consumables deviations with the preset correction time. The manpower change calculation subunit is used to calculate the manpower deviation change rate based on all the manpower deviations with the preset correction time. A correction subunit is determined, which is connected to the consumable change calculation subunit and the manpower change calculation subunit respectively. It is used to determine the deviation stability item as the target item when the consumable deviation change rate is greater than the preset consumable change threshold or the manpower deviation change rate is greater than the preset manpower change threshold, thereby obtaining several target items. The type determination unit includes: The deviation comparison subunit is used to compare the deviation of the consumables and the deviation of the manpower to obtain the deviation comparison result; A type determination subunit, which is connected to the deviation comparison subunit, is used to mark the anomaly type of the target item as the main deviation of consumables when the deviation comparison result is that the consumable deviation is greater than or equal to the manpower deviation, and to mark the anomaly type of the target item as the main deviation of manpower when the deviation comparison result is that the consumable deviation is less than the manpower deviation. The adjustment module includes: A quantity fluctuation calculation unit is used to calculate the quantity fluctuation value based on all quantities within the next preset adjustment period; A cost deviation fluctuation calculation unit, which is connected to the quantity fluctuation calculation unit, is used to calculate the cost deviation fluctuation value based on the cost deviation of each of the target items when the quantity fluctuation value is greater than the preset quantity fluctuation threshold. An adjustment unit, connected to the cost deviation fluctuation calculation unit, is used to adjust the preset cost deviation threshold based on the comparison result between the cost deviation fluctuation value and the preset cost deviation fluctuation threshold.

2. The cost management system for multi-project engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that, The determination module includes: The cost deviation calculation unit is used to calculate the cost deviation based on the completed workload, the budgeted unit price, and the real-time total cost. A temporary determination unit, connected to the cost deviation calculation unit, is used to determine the project to be managed as a temporary project based on a first comparison result of the cost deviation and the preset cost deviation threshold, thereby obtaining a number of temporary projects; and to determine the project to be managed as a low deviation project based on a second comparison result of the cost deviation and the preset cost deviation threshold, thereby obtaining a number of low deviation projects. A temporary correction unit, connected to the temporary determination unit, is used to correct each low deviation item according to the cost deviation of each low deviation item within a preset temporary correction period, thereby obtaining a number of temporary items.

3. The cost management system for multi-project engineering according to claim 2, characterized in that, The temporary correction unit includes: The cost deviation change calculation subunit is used to calculate the cost deviation change rate based on all cost deviations within the preset temporary correction period. A temporary correction subunit, connected to the cost deviation change calculation subunit, is used to determine the low deviation item as the temporary item based on the comparison result of the cost deviation change rate and the preset cost change rate threshold, thereby obtaining several temporary items.

4. The cost management system for multi-project engineering according to claim 3, characterized in that, The sorting module includes: The ranking index calculation unit is used to calculate the ranking index based on the cost deviation, the manpower deviation, and the consumables deviation. A sorting unit, connected to the sorting index calculation unit, is used to sort the target items in descending order according to the sorting index to obtain a temporary list; A sorting correction unit, connected to the sorting unit, is used to correct the temporary list according to the anomaly type of each target item to obtain an item list.

5. The cost management system for multi-project engineering according to claim 4, characterized in that, The sorting correction unit includes: An interchangeable tagging subunit is used to mark the target items whose anomaly type is the human main deviation among all target items that are sorted ahead of each target item by a preset number of items as interchangeable items. A sorting correction subunit, connected to the interchangeable tag subunit, is used to swap the sequence positions of the target item and the interchangeable item when the anomaly type of each target item is the main deviation of the consumable, so as to correct the temporary list and obtain the item list.

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