Multi-mode linearly-modulated electromagnetic structure and use method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a multi-mode linearly-modulated electromagnetic structure which comprises a metamaterial base body, a plurality of channels arranged at intervals are arranged in the thickness direction of the metamaterial base body, and controllable adjusting media are arranged in the channels. According to the multi-mode electromagnetic structure capable of being linearly modulated, geometric reconstruction of an electromagnetic response structure of the structure is completed by adjusting the content of a medium in a channel, and then the transmission and cut-off states of the structure are changed. The invention provides a multi-mode linearly-modulated electromagnetic structure, a method of injecting / discharging liquid in a channel in a segmented and partitioned manner is adopted, compared with a traditional diode loading method, a new design thought is introduced, and linear adjustment of electromagnetic wave transmission, reflection and absorption capacity is facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electromagnetic metamaterials technology, and more specifically, to a multimodal linearly modulated electromagnetic structure and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] Metamaterials are composite materials composed of subwavelength unit structures, possessing electromagnetic properties not found in natural materials, such as negative refractive index, inverse Doppler, and inverse Cherenkov. Traditional active frequency selective surfaces (AFSSs) are formed by loading diode devices into complex metal surface structures or combinations of multiple resonant units. Their drawbacks are significant, including high in-band attenuation, complex feeding networks, poor scalability, high manufacturing costs, and unstable reliability of active devices. With rapid technological advancements and continuous updates in detection technologies, the demand for stealth technology is increasing. Single-function active frequency selective surfaces can no longer meet the stealth requirements of current radar communication systems and weapon systems. Electromagnetic structures capable of linearly modulating transmission, reflection, and absorption modes can perfectly solve this problem. Currently, most AFSSs on the market can only achieve the opening and closing of electromagnetic windows and frequency shifting within a certain frequency band, meaning they cannot achieve linear modulation of transmission, reflection, and absorption modes in complex and variable electromagnetic environments.

[0003] Existing technologies for Active Frequency Selective Surfaces (AFSSs) primarily focus on achieving tunability of their operating frequency band through various methods to adapt to complex electromagnetic environments. Common implementation methods include incorporating active devices, such as PIN diodes or varactor diodes, into the traditional FSS structure to change the resonant characteristics of the FSS by controlling the bias voltage or current; adjusting the shape and arrangement of the FSS cells, for example, by changing the shape and arrangement of the FSS cells through mechanical movement; and using electromagnetically tunable dielectric materials as the structural substrate, such as organic semiconductor materials or liquid crystal molecules, to adjust the resonant frequency of the structure by regulating the electromagnetic properties of the substrate through photoelectric signals.

[0004] In addition, some studies have proposed using the photoconductivity properties of photoconductive thin films to control the size variation of metallic FSS structures, thereby achieving FSS modulation. Although AFSS technology has made some progress, it still faces challenges such as tunable bandwidth banding, active device reliability, and the influence of parasitic parameters. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a multi-mode linearly modulated electromagnetic structure. Through a reasonable partitioning design of the structural path, the structure can switch from a high transmission state to a low transmission and high reflection / absorption state in the X-band after partitioning and water injection, and further switch to a completely cut-off high absorption state, thereby realizing the linear adjustment of the electromagnetic wave transmission, reflection and absorption capabilities.

[0006] According to one aspect of the present invention, a multimodal linearly modulated electromagnetic structure is provided, comprising a metamaterial matrix, wherein a plurality of spaced-apart channels are provided in the thickness direction of the metamaterial matrix, and a controllable adjustment medium is provided in the channels.

[0007] Based on the above scheme, the preferred option is that the regulating medium is one of water, mercury, sodium chloride solution and ethylene glycol aqueous solution.

[0008] Based on the above scheme, the preferred option is that the pathway is formed by thermosetting or photosensitive plastic 3D printing.

[0009] Based on the above scheme, the preferred option is injection molding.

[0010] Based on the above scheme, the metamaterial matrix is ​​preferably composed of m*n monomers, and m or n is not less than 10.

[0011] Based on the above scheme, preferably, the channels are interconnected, and the regulating medium in the channels is extracted by negative pressure for regulation.

[0012] Based on the above scheme, the preferred embodiment is that the passages are interconnected, and the regulating medium in the passages is regulated by injecting air through a one-way valve.

[0013] The present invention also provides a method for using a multimodal linearly modulated electromagnetic structure, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Determine the injection or discharge scheme of the required regulating medium based on the electromagnetic wave control requirements; Step 2: By controlling the distribution of the medium in the path, the electromagnetic structure can be switched from a high transmission state to a low transmission high reflection / absorption state, or further switched to a completely cut-off high absorption state. Step 3: By adjusting the continuous or segmented control of the medium, linear modulation of the electromagnetic wave transmission, reflection, and absorption capabilities can be achieved.

[0014] The present invention provides a multimodal linearly modulated electromagnetic structure, which completes the geometric reconstruction of its electromagnetic response structure by adjusting the content of the regulating medium in the path, thereby changing the transmission and cutoff states of the structure. This invention provides a multimodal linearly modulated electromagnetic structure that employs a segmented and zoned liquid injection / discharge method in the pathway. Compared to the traditional diode loading method, this invention introduces a new design concept that facilitates the linear adjustment of electromagnetic wave transmission, reflection, and absorption capabilities.

[0015] This invention provides a multi-mode linearly modulated electromagnetic structure. The processing technology used in the structure is mature, highly reliable, easy to mass-produce, and low in cost. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the multimodal linearly modulated electromagnetic structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a top view of the multimodal linearly modulated electromagnetic structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a state diagram for state 1 of the present invention; Figure 4 The transmission and reflection loss state diagram is for the test results of state 1 of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a state diagram for state 2 of the present invention; Figure 6 The transmission and reflection loss state diagram is for the test results of state 2 of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a state diagram for state 3 of the present invention; Figure 8 The transmission and reflection loss state diagram is for the test results of state 3 of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a state diagram for state 4 of the present invention; Figure 10 The transmission and reflection loss state diagram is for the test results of state 4 of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a state diagram for state 5 of the present invention; Figure 12 The transmission and reflection loss state diagram is for the test results of state 5 of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a state diagram for state 6 of the present invention; Figure 14 This is a diagram showing the transmission and reflection loss state of the test results for state 6 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0018] It should be understood that, when used in this specification and the appended claims, the term "comprising" indicates the presence of a descriptive feature, integral, step, operation, element, and / or component, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integrals, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or sets.

[0019] To keep the drawings concise, only the parts relevant to the invention are shown schematically in each figure, and they do not represent the actual structure of the product. Furthermore, for ease of understanding, in some figures, only one of components with the same structure or function is shown schematically, or only one is labeled. In this document, "one" can mean not only "only one" but also "more than one".

[0020] Furthermore, in the description of this application, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the specific implementation methods of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings and other implementation methods can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.

[0022] Please see Figure 1 and combined Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the present invention provides a multimodal linearly modulated electromagnetic structure, including a metamaterial substrate 1, a plurality of channels 2 are spaced apart in the thickness direction of the metamaterial substrate 1, and a controllable adjustment medium is disposed in the channel 2. The adjustment medium can be a liquid with adjustable electromagnetic properties, such as water, mercury, sodium chloride solution or ethylene glycol aqueous solution.

[0023] The metamaterial matrix 1 can be composed of multiple monomers, for example, m*n monomers, where m and n are both not less than 10, to ensure structural uniformity and control precision. The pathway 2 can be formed by thermosetting or photosensitive plastic 3D printing, or by injection molding. The processing technology is mature and easy to mass-produce.

[0024] When the upper passage 2 and the lower passage 2 in the cavity are directly connected, the regulating medium in passage 2 is discharged; negative pressure extraction is used; when the upper passage 2 and the lower passage 2 in the cavity are connected by a one-way valve, the distribution of the regulating medium is adjusted by injecting air through the one-way valve.

[0025] By controlling the distribution of the regulating medium in the passage 2, this invention can change the equivalent electromagnetic parameters of the electromagnetic structure, thereby achieving linear modulation from a high transmission state to a low transmission high reflection / absorption state, or even a completely cut-off high absorption state.

[0026] In practical applications, the injection or discharge scheme of the regulating medium is first determined based on the electromagnetic wave modulation requirements. For example, when a high transmission state is required, the regulating medium in channel 2 is discharged; when a high reflection or absorption state is required, the regulating medium is injected into channel 2. By controlling the distribution of the regulating medium in segments or zones, continuous linear modulation of the electromagnetic wave transmission, reflection, and absorption capabilities can be achieved.

[0027] The electromagnetic structure of this invention achieves linear modulation of multimodal electromagnetic response through dynamic control of the medium, making it suitable for stealth technology and radar communication systems in complex electromagnetic environments.

[0028] To further verify the adjustment effect, the following cavity dimensions were tested: 18mm*18mm and 5mm thickness.

[0029] State 1 is when there is no regulating medium in the passage, and its state is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, the transmission and reflection losses in the experimental results are as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the structure at this time is highly efficient for X-band electromagnetic wave transmission, with a transmission efficiency of 89% at the 10.5GHz frequency point, a reflectivity of 11%, and an absorption rate of 0%.

[0030] State 2 is when one of the channels is filled with water, and its state is as follows: Figure 5 As shown, the transmission and reflection losses in the experimental results are as follows: Figure 6 As shown, at this time, the structure mainly absorbs and reflects X-band electromagnetic waves for low transmission. The transmission efficiency at the 10.5GHz frequency point is 14%, the reflectivity is 31%, and the absorption rate is 55%.

[0031] State 3 is when two of the channels are filled with water, and its state is as follows: Figure 7 As shown, the transmission and reflection losses in the experimental results are as follows: Figure 8 As shown, at this time, the structure mainly absorbs and reflects X-band electromagnetic waves for low transmission. The transmission efficiency at the 10.5GHz frequency point is 19%, the reflectivity is 23%, and the absorption rate is 58%.

[0032] State 4 is when multiple channels are filled with water, and its state is as follows: Figure 9 As shown, the transmission and reflection losses in the experimental results are as follows: Figure 10 As shown, at this time, the structure mainly absorbs and reflects X-band electromagnetic waves for low transmission. The transmission efficiency at the 10.5GHz frequency point is 9%, the reflectivity is 45%, and the absorption rate is 46%.

[0033] State 5 is when all the passages are filled with water, and its state is as follows: Figure 11 As shown, the transmission and reflection losses in the experimental results are as follows: Figure 12 As shown, at this time, the structure mainly absorbs and reflects X-band electromagnetic waves for low transmission. The transmission efficiency at the 10.5GHz frequency point is 13%, the reflectivity is 31%, and the absorption rate is 56%.

[0034] State 6 is when all the passages are filled with water, and its state is as follows: Figure 13 As shown, the transmission and reflection losses in the experimental results are as follows: Figure 14 As shown, the structure completely blocks and efficiently absorbs X-band electromagnetic waves, with a transmission efficiency of 0% at the 10.5GHz frequency point, a reflectivity of 31%, and an absorption rate of 69%.

[0035] The performance results of the multimodal tunable water-based electromagnetic structure are shown in the following figure: project State 1 State 2 State 3 State 4 State 5 State 6 transmission 89% 14% 19% 9% 13% 0% reflection 11% 31% 23% 45% 31% 31% absorb 0% 55% 58% 46% 56% 69% As can be seen from the table, the multimodal adjustable water-based electromagnetic structure, through the rational partitioning design of the structural water channels, achieves the switching of the structure's X-band transmission from a high transmission state of 89% (state 1) to a low transmission and high reflection / absorption state of 9%–19% (states 2–5) and a completely cut-off high absorption state (state 6) after partitioned water injection. Furthermore, in the low transmission and high reflection / absorption states (states 2–5), its transmission / reflection / absorption capabilities for different frequency points can be precisely and linearly adjusted according to the water injection area distribution.

[0036] Finally, the method described in this application is merely a preferred embodiment and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this invention should be included within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A multimodal linearly modulated electromagnetic structure, characterized in that, The material includes a metamaterial matrix, wherein multiple channels are spaced apart along the thickness direction of the metamaterial matrix, and a controllable adjustment medium is disposed within each channel.

2. The multimodal linearly modulated electromagnetic structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The regulating medium is one of water, mercury, sodium chloride solution, and ethylene glycol aqueous solution.

3. The multimodal linearly modulated electromagnetic structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The pathway is formed by thermosetting or photosensitive plastic 3D printing.

4. The multimodal linearly modulated electromagnetic structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The passage is formed by injection molding.

5. The multimodal linearly modulated electromagnetic structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The metamaterial matrix is ​​composed of m*n monomers, where m or n is not less than 10.

6. The multimodal linearly modulated electromagnetic structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The pathways are interconnected, and the regulating medium in the pathways is extracted using a negative pressure method for regulation.

7. The multimodal linearly modulated electromagnetic structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The pathways are interconnected, and the regulating medium in the pathways is regulated by injecting air through a one-way valve.

8. A method of using a multimodal linearly modulated electromagnetic structure, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Determine the injection or discharge scheme of the required regulating medium based on the electromagnetic wave control requirements; Step 2: By controlling the distribution of the regulating medium in the path, the electromagnetic structure can be switched from a high transmission state to a low transmission high reflection / absorption state, or further switched to a completely cut-off high absorption state. Step 3: By adjusting the continuous or segmented control of the medium, linear modulation of the electromagnetic wave transmission, reflection, and absorption capabilities can be achieved.

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