A rotatable biopsy forceps

Abstract

The application discloses the technical fields of medical devices and relates to a rotatable biopsy sampling forceps, which comprises a handle, a slip ring, a cable, a protective sleeve and a spring tube, the upper end of the spring tube is fixedly connected with a connecting block, the connecting block is fixedly connected with the cable, the bottom of the protective sleeve is fixedly connected with a connecting seat, the bottom of the connecting seat is rotationally connected with a sampling assembly used for controlling the opening and closing state of the sampling assembly by the stretching state of the cable and clamping a target tissue sample, the inside of the connecting seat is provided with a rotating assembly used for driving the sampling assembly to rotate, and the outside of the handle is provided with a pneumatic assembly used for providing power gas for the rotation of the rotating assembly. The rotating assembly is independently driven to rotate the sampling assembly, meanwhile, the pneumatic assembly on the outside of the handle provides stable power for the rotating assembly, the whole endoscope does not need to be rotated or the doctor and the medical staff do not need to be highly matched, the problems of difficult alignment of a traditional forceps head and complicated operation are effectively solved, the operation strength of the doctor is reduced, and the operation convenience and the diagnosis and treatment safety are taken into account.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical device technology, specifically to a rotatable biopsy sampling forceps. Background Technology

[0002] Biopsy forceps are core instruments in the field of endoscopic diagnosis and treatment, widely used in the diagnosis of diseases in cavities such as the digestive tract (gastroscopy, colonoscopy), respiratory tract (bronchoscopy), and urinary tract (cystoscopy). Their core function is to precisely capture a small amount of tissue sample by penetrating deep into the lesion area through the endoscopic channel, providing crucial evidence for pathological examination. Pathologists can determine the nature of the lesion (such as inflammation, precancerous lesions, malignant tumors, etc.) by analyzing the cell morphology, tissue structure, and other characteristics of the sample, thereby guiding the formulation of clinical treatment plans. Therefore, the ease of operation and sampling accuracy of biopsy forceps directly affect diagnostic efficiency and patient safety.

[0003] In actual clinical practice, to obtain qualified tissue samples, the angle of the biopsy sampling forceps is sometimes adjusted: on the one hand, the lesion area may be located in the bend of the cavity (such as the hepatic flexure of the colon, the middle lobe of the bronchus) or under the mucosal folds, requiring the forceps to be rotated so that the forceps head is directly facing the lesion; on the other hand, some lesions (such as flat adenomas, early mucosal carcinomas) have high requirements for the sampling direction, requiring the forceps head to be rotated along the direction of the tissue texture to avoid sample breakage; secondly, when the lesion tissue is hard (such as the fibrotic area of ​​the tumor, chronic inflammatory scars), the shearing force of the sampling forceps opening and closing once may only scrape off the surface fragments of tissue, making it difficult to penetrate into the lesion. In this case, the doctor will control the forceps to close and then gently rotate (similar to "wringing a towel"), using the torsional force generated by the rotation to drive the forceps into the deeper tissue, while increasing the contact area between the forceps and the tissue, grasping a more sufficient amount of tissue block containing the core of the lesion, and avoiding the inability to make a clear pathological diagnosis due to insufficient sample volume.

[0004] However, the disposable biopsy forceps widely used in clinical practice currently have significant limitations in meeting the aforementioned key rotational adjustment requirements: On the one hand, the design of the traditional disposable biopsy forceps' body to fit the endoscope channel is relatively simple, and the clamping end (forceps head) lacks an independent and flexible rotational adjustment structure. If it is necessary to adjust the angle of the forceps head to align with the lesion or optimize the grasping method, the doctor needs to manually rotate the entire forceps body. During this process, the doctor must focus on lesion localization within the endoscopic field of view and precisely control the rotation amplitude of the forceps body. Often, nurses need to simultaneously assist in fixing the endoscope position and adjusting the patient's position to prevent the endoscope from shifting with the forceps body. This requires a high degree of coordination between the doctor and nurse. Even a slight deviation in coordination may cause the forceps head to deviate from the target lesion, not only reducing sampling efficiency but also potentially increasing the risk of mucosal damage in the cavity due to repeated adjustments. On the other hand, to improve the inconvenience of rotation... The problem is that while some existing biopsy forceps have added a fixing buckle structure at the front end to lock the forceps body into the endoscope channel, attempting to drive the forceps head to rotate synchronously through the overall rotation of the endoscope, the overall rotation of the endoscope itself, as a slender invasive instrument, is greatly limited by the anatomical structure of the cavity (such as the curved sections of the digestive tract and the branches of the bronchi). For example, in curved areas such as the hepatic flexure of the colon and the middle lobe of the bronchus, the overall rotation of the endoscope is prone to jamming or excessive traction. Doctors need to apply more force to control the endoscope, which not only greatly increases the operator's fatigue, but may also cause severe discomfort to the patient (such as nausea, abdominal pain, coughing) due to excessive rotation of the endoscope irritating the cavity mucosa. At the same time, the accuracy of the overall rotation of the endoscope is far from meeting the requirements of aligning the forceps head with small lesions (such as flat adenomas with a diameter of <5mm). Instead, the rotation error may cause the forceps head to miss the core area of ​​the lesion, affecting the quality of the specimen.

[0005] Therefore, this invention proposes a rotatable biopsy sampling forceps to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned issues, this invention provides a rotatable biopsy sampling forceps, which reduces the difficulty of medical staff coordination, effectively solves the problems of difficult alignment of traditional forceps and cumbersome operation, reduces the workload of doctors, and balances ease of operation with treatment safety.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A rotatable biopsy sampling forceps includes a handle, a slip ring, and a cable. A sliding groove is formed on the surface of the handle. The slip ring slides onto the surface of the handle, with its center located within the sliding groove. One end of the cable is rotatably connected to the center of the bottom of the slip ring. A protective sleeve is fixedly connected to the bottom of the handle. A spring tube, looped around the surface of the cable, is disposed inside the protective sleeve. A connecting block is fixedly connected to one end of the spring tube near the slip ring. The connecting block is fixedly connected to the cable. A connecting seat is fixedly connected to the bottom of the protective sleeve. A sampling component is rotatably connected to the bottom of the connecting seat. The sampling component is used to control its opening and closing state by the tension of the cable and to clamp the target tissue sample. The bottom end of the spring tube is fixedly connected to the top end of the connecting seat.

[0008] The connector has a rotating component inside for driving the sampling component to rotate; the handle has a pneumatic component on the outside for providing power gas for the rotation of the rotating component.

[0009] Basic principle: By sliding the slip ring on the surface of the handle (the slip ring moves along the sliding groove), the cable is stretched or released axially along the spring tube; the movement of the cable is transmitted to the sampling component at the bottom of the connector, controlling its opening and closing to grasp tissue samples; at the same time, the pneumatic component on the outside of the handle outputs power gas to drive the rotating component inside the connector, thereby driving the sampling component to rotate independently, realizing the adjustment of the clamp angle without relying on the overall rotation of the endoscope or additional human assistance.

[0010] The above approach has the following beneficial effects:

[0011] 1. Compared with existing technologies, this solution constructs an independent rotation drive system for the sampling component through the collaborative design of the rotating component and the pneumatic component. The pneumatic component can continuously output stable and controllable power gas to precisely drive the rotating component in the connector, thereby enabling the sampling component to rotate flexibly at multiple angles and with small amplitudes. The entire process does not rely on the rotation of the endoscope as a whole, nor does it require medical staff to perform angle calibration through high-intensity cooperation (such as nurses fixing the endoscope and doctors simultaneously adjusting the forceps). This design reduces the risk of forceps head deviating from the lesion and causing mucosal damage due to the lack of an independent rotating structure in traditional forceps. It also reduces the problems of endoscope jamming and excessive mucosal traction caused by the limitation of the anatomical structure of the cavity (such as the hepatic flexure of the colon and the tortuous segment of the middle lobe of the bronchus) when some improved forceps rely on the rotation of the endoscope as a whole (or the entire sampling forceps). This reduces the difficulty of operation for doctors, reduces sampling interruptions caused by cooperation deviations, and improves the convenience and stability of clinical operation.

[0012] 2. This solution controls the opening and closing of the sampling component through a cable, and the pneumatic component stably drives the rotation. It can be adapted to scenarios such as curved cavities and small lesions. It can rotate along the tissue texture to prevent sample breakage, and can also use the rotation to generate torsional force to grasp deep tissues, ensuring that the sample is intact and sufficient. At the same time, it reduces patient discomfort and the intensity of operation for doctors, and improves the accuracy of pathological diagnosis.

[0013] Furthermore, the sampling assembly includes a rotating head, a linkage mechanism, and two clamps. The top of the rotating head is located inside the connecting seat, and the rotating head is rotatably engaged with the connecting seat. The linkage mechanism has a quadrilateral structure, with one hinge point of the linkage mechanism fixedly connected to the bottom of the cable, and the other hinge point opposite to the hinge point hinged to the inner wall of the rotating head. The two clamps are symmetrically fixedly connected to the connecting rods of the linkage mechanism, and both clamps are close to the side of the linkage mechanism away from the cable.

[0014] Beneficial effects: The structural design of the sampling component effectively balances rotational stability and gripping accuracy: The rotational cooperation between the rotating head and the connecting seat provides a stable rotational support foundation for the sampling component, ensuring that the clamp head can be precisely adjusted along the preset trajectory when the rotating component is driven, avoiding the loss of lesion areas due to rotational deviation; The quadrilateral linkage mechanism provides smooth transmission and can evenly convert the tension of the cable into the opening and closing action of the clamp head, preventing the clamp head from tilting due to unilateral force, while precisely controlling the opening and closing amplitude, avoiding both excessive compression and tissue damage, and preventing sample loss due to insufficient gripping force.

[0015] Furthermore, the rotating assembly includes a pneumatic cavity opened inside the connecting seat, and the upper end of the rotating head passes through the pneumatic cavity. The rotating head surface has a number of arc-shaped blades arranged in a ring array inside the pneumatic cavity. The top of the connecting seat has an air inlet channel and an air outlet channel located inside the connecting seat.

[0016] A rotation auxiliary channel is provided on the outside of the handle, and an air supply pipe is provided inside the rotation auxiliary channel. The bottom end of the air supply pipe is connected to the air inlet channel, and the other end of the air supply pipe is detachably connected to an inflation component for supplying gas to the air supply pipe.

[0017] Beneficial effects: The arc-shaped blades in the pneumatic cavity, together with the air inlet and outlet channels, can efficiently convert the gas power delivered by the inflation component into the rotational torque of the rotating head. Moreover, the airflow can be flexibly adjusted by the inflation component, so as to achieve precise control of the rotation speed and amplitude of the sampling component and avoid the jamming or overshoot problems that are prone to occur in mechanical transmission.

[0018] Furthermore, the gas flow direction in the intake channel corresponds to the concave part of the arc-shaped blade.

[0019] Beneficial effects: The airflow direction of the intake channel corresponds to the concave part of the curved blade, which enables the airflow to accurately impact the concave area of ​​the blade. The concave structure can form an airflow "converging cavity", reducing the loss of air slipping off the blade surface, maximizing the capture and utilization of wind power, and improving the conversion efficiency of air kinetic energy into rotational torque.

[0020] Furthermore, the inner wall of the pneumatic cavity is provided with a ring array of several limiting components to restrict the rotation direction of the rotating head and make the rotating head rotate in one direction.

[0021] Beneficial effects: The limiting component on the inner wall of the pneumatic cavity effectively counteracts the reverse elastic force generated when highly elastic tissues (such as gastrointestinal mucosa and bronchial mucosa) are gripped or rotated by the forceps by restricting the unidirectional rotation of the rotating head. These tissues are prone to rebound after being subjected to external force, which may cause the rotating head to deflect in the opposite direction, resulting in the forceps deviating from the preset angle or interruption of the torsional force. The limiting component can stably lock the rotation direction, ensuring that the sampling component always maintains the preset trajectory when adjusting the angle or applying torsional force to elastic tissues. This avoids forceps displacement, sample drop, or insufficient grasping depth caused by reverse rotation, reduces the workload of doctors for secondary adjustments, and further ensures sampling accuracy and efficiency. It is especially suitable for sampling elastic lesion tissues that require continuous maintenance of rotation.

[0022] Furthermore, each limiting component includes ratchet teeth hinged to the bottom wall of the pneumatic cavity. The distribution direction of the ratchet teeth corresponds to the distribution direction of the arc-shaped blades, and a return spring is provided at the hinge point between the ratchet teeth and the pneumatic cavity.

[0023] Beneficial effects: The limiting component adopts a ratchet tooth and return spring cooperation structure, which can accurately achieve unidirectional limiting: when the rotating head rotates in the forward direction, the arc-shaped blade pushes the ratchet tooth to rotate around the hinge point, and the return spring is compressed to avoid it, so as not to hinder normal rotation; when the elastic tissue rebounds and tries to drive the rotating head to rotate in the reverse direction, the return spring immediately pushes the ratchet tooth to reset, so that it locks the corresponding part of the rotating head and forms a rigid block.

[0024] Furthermore, the connector is equipped with an auxiliary adsorption component inside, which provides adsorption force at the engagement point when the two clamps are engaged.

[0025] Beneficial effects: The auxiliary adsorption component provides adsorption force when the two clamps are engaged, which can enhance the fixation effect on the grasped tissue, especially for small and fragile samples (such as small lesions or fragile mucosa). It can effectively prevent the sample from falling off after sampling or falling off midway, reduce repeated operations due to sample loss, and avoid tissue breakage caused by excessive clamping, ensuring sample integrity and improving the sampling success rate.

[0026] Furthermore, the auxiliary adsorption component includes an adsorption chamber, with a number of protrusions arranged in a ring on the inner sidewall of the adsorption chamber. The top of the rotating head passes through the adsorption chamber, and a number of airbags located inside the adsorption chamber are arranged in a ring on the surface of the rotating head. The protrusions are all located within the movement trajectory of the airbags. Each airbag is connected to an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe, and an auxiliary one-way valve is provided in both the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe. The end of the inlet pipe away from the airbag extends to the corresponding clamp head surface.

[0027] The two clamp heads are arranged in a linear array with adsorption holes on one side of each other, and each adsorption hole is connected to the corresponding air intake pipe.

[0028] Beneficial effects: When the rotating head rotates, the air bladder moves within the adsorption chamber. After being squeezed by the protrusion, it contracts and releases air. During resetting, air is drawn in through the air inlet pipe via the auxiliary one-way valve, creating negative pressure in the adsorption holes on the forceps head surface. Adsorption force is generated synchronously by rotating the sampling component. When the forceps head engages and grips tissue, it can closely adhere to the sample surface through the adsorption holes. This provides double fixation (gripping + adsorption) for small and fragile lesions (such as micropolyps and eroded mucosa), effectively preventing the sample from falling out or dropping midway.

[0029] Furthermore, all the bumps are spherical structures.

[0030] Beneficial effects: The spherical structure of the bumps reduces friction loss when in contact with the airbag ball, preventing the airbag ball from being scratched and broken due to sharp edges, thus extending the service life of the component. At the same time, the spherical contact allows the airbag ball to be subjected to more even force, preventing air leakage caused by excessive local compression, ensuring stable adsorption force, and also allowing the airbag ball to move more smoothly, ensuring that the adsorption function remains effective.

[0031] Furthermore, when the two jaws are engaged, the adsorption holes on the surfaces of the two jaws are staggered.

[0032] Beneficial effects: The staggered distribution of the adsorption holes in the two clamps can prevent the holes from blocking each other during engagement, ensuring that each adsorption hole can effectively contact the tissue and generate negative pressure, enhancing the adsorption and fixation effect on small and irregular samples, reducing adsorption failure caused by hole blockage, and further ensuring the stability and integrity of sample grasping.

[0033] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 This is an overall front view of an embodiment of the rotatable biopsy sampling forceps of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 This is an enlarged view of part A of an embodiment of the rotatable biopsy sampling forceps of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 This is an overall front sectional view of an embodiment of the rotatable biopsy sampling forceps of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4 This is an enlarged view of part B of an embodiment of the rotatable biopsy sampling forceps of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 5 This is an enlarged view of part C of an embodiment of the rotatable biopsy sampling forceps of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 6This is an enlarged view of part D of an embodiment of the rotatable biopsy sampling forceps of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 7 This is an enlarged view of part E of an embodiment of the rotatable biopsy sampling forceps of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the overall clamping end of an embodiment of the rotatable biopsy sampling forceps of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 9 This is a top sectional view of the auxiliary adsorption component of an embodiment of the rotatable biopsy sampling forceps of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 10 This is a top sectional view of the limiting component of an embodiment of the rotatable biopsy sampling forceps of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the gripper and suction hole of an embodiment of the rotatable biopsy sampling forceps of the present invention.

[0045] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings include: 1. Handle; 2. Slip ring; 3. Cable; 301. Connecting block; 302. Bourdon tube; 4. Protective sleeve; 5. Air supply pipe; 501. Rotation auxiliary channel; 6. Inflation assembly; 7. Connecting seat; 701. Air inlet channel; 702. Pneumatic chamber; 703. Air outlet channel; 704. Adsorption chamber; 705. Protrusion; 8. Rotating head; 801. Pincer head; 802. Airbag bulb; 803. Air outlet pipe; 804. Air inlet pipe; 805. Linkage mechanism; 806. Arc-shaped blade; 807. Adsorption hole. Detailed Implementation

[0046] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0047] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0048] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0049] The following detailed description illustrates the specific implementation method:

[0050] Example 1:

[0051] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, a rotatable biopsy sampling forceps includes a handle 1, a slip ring 2, a cable 3, and a protective sleeve 4. The handle 1 has a sliding groove on its surface. The slip ring 2 slides on the surface of the handle 1, with its center located within the sliding groove. The top of the cable 3 is rotatably connected to the center of the bottom of the slip ring 2. The bottom of the handle 1 is bonded to the top of the protective sleeve 4. A spring tube 302, which loops around the surface of the cable 3, is provided inside the protective sleeve 4. A connecting block 301 is bonded to the upper end of the spring tube 302, and the connecting block 301 is integrally formed with the cable 3. The handle 1 and slip ring 2 are preferably made of ABS material, and the protective sleeve 4 is preferably made of polyethylene material.

[0052] In existing technologies, adjusting the angle of the forceps head 801 requires close coordination between the doctor and nurse (e.g., the nurse holds the endoscope while the doctor simultaneously controls the forceps), which can easily lead to operational jamming and forceps head 801 misalignment. This solution achieves independent rotational adjustment through structural optimization, as detailed below:

[0053] like Figure 2 As shown, a connecting seat 7 (providing stable support for rotation and sampling operations) is bonded to the bottom of the protective sleeve 4, while the bottom end of the spring tube 302 is welded to the top end of the connecting seat 7; combined with Figure 3 and Figure 6 As shown, a rotating head 8 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the connecting base 7, and the upper end of the rotating head 8 extends into the interior of the connecting base 7, thus combining... Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, a quadrilateral linkage mechanism 805 (composed of two hinged links, utilizing the transmission stability of the quadrilateral structure to ensure precise and controllable opening and closing of the clamp head 801) is hinged to the rotating head 8. The bottom end of the cable 3 is welded to a hinge point in the linkage mechanism 805. The two hinge points of the linkage mechanism 805, the rotating head 8, and the cable 3 are opposite to each other (forming symmetrical transmission to avoid unilateral force causing the clamp head 801 to tilt). The clamp head 801 is integrally formed on the two links on the side of the linkage mechanism 805 away from the cable 3.

[0054] Specifically, such as Figure 6 , Figure 8 and Figure 10 As shown, the connecting seat 7 has a pneumatic cavity 702 inside, and the upper end of the rotating head 8 passes through the pneumatic cavity 702. The surface of the rotating head 8 has a ring array of several arc-shaped blades 806 located within the pneumatic cavity 702, serving as a power receiving component. Furthermore, the top of the connecting seat 7 has an air inlet channel 701 and an air outlet channel 703 located inside the connecting seat 7, forming an airflow circulation path. Simultaneously, combined with... Figure 4 As shown, a rotation auxiliary channel 501 is provided on the outer side of the handle 1, and an air supply pipe 5 is provided inside the rotation auxiliary channel 501. The bottom end of the air supply pipe 5 is connected to the air inlet channel 701, and the other end of the air supply pipe 5 is connected to an inflation component 6 for supplying gas to the air supply pipe 5. Furthermore, a one-way valve is provided inside the inflation component 6 (inflation component 6 → air supply pipe 5). Secondly, the gas flow direction of the air inlet channel 701 corresponds to the concave part of the arc-shaped blade 806, which enables the airflow to accurately impact the concave area of ​​the blade. The concave structure can form an airflow "converging cavity", reducing the loss of gas slipping off the blade surface, maximizing the capture and utilization of wind power, and improving the conversion efficiency of gas kinetic energy into rotational torque. Among them, the inflation component 6 can be preferably a hand-held inflation airbag (meeting the core requirements of most endoscopic biopsies for "convenience, controllability, and low cost"), and secondarily a foot-operated inflation airbag (suitable for long-term complex biopsies, freeing up the hands) or an intelligent air pump (for special scenarios that require precise control of rotation speed, such as sampling of small lesions).

[0055] The specific implementation process is as follows (taking the hand-held inflatable airbag as an example for the inflation component 6): The doctor holds the handle 1 with one hand, pushes the slip ring 2 down along the sliding groove with his finger, and drives the pull cable 3 to move down. The pull cable 3 is transmitted through the quadrilateral linkage mechanism 805, so that the two forceps 801 open synchronously. After aligning with the lesion tissue through the endoscopic field of view, the doctor pulls the slip ring 2 in the opposite direction and pulls the pull cable 3 back. The linkage mechanism 805 drives the forceps 801 to close, and the tissue sample is initially clamped. If the orientation of the forceps head 801 needs to be adjusted (e.g., to align with a lesion at a bend in the cavity or to sample along the tissue texture), an assistant stabilizes the already adjusted endoscope. The doctor then uses their forceps-holding hand or assistant hand to operate the hand-held inflatable cuff, injecting gas into the inlet tube 5, while the other hand controls the handle 1. The gas enters the pneumatic chamber 702 through the inlet channel 701, impacting the concave area of ​​the arc-shaped blade 806, pushing the rotating head 8 to rotate the forceps head 801 (the rotation amplitude is controlled by the inflation force) until the angle of the forceps head 801 matches the lesion location, at which point the sample is grasped. If it is necessary to apply torsional force to grasp deep samples from hard tissue, after grasping the sample, continuous small-amplitude inflation can be maintained, allowing the forceps head 801 to rotate slowly in a closed state. This torsional force embeds the sample deep into the tissue, quickly obtaining a sample from the target tissue. After confirming that the sample is stably grasped, the sampling forceps are slowly withdrawn, the slip ring 2 is released to open the forceps head 801, and the sample is transferred to a specimen bottle. For multiple sampling operations, the above steps can be repeated. The entire procedure is clearly divided and the actions are fluid. Assistants do not need to repeatedly adjust the endoscope position, allowing doctors to focus on lesion localization and manipulating the 801 forceps, effectively avoiding limb restrictions during medical staff coordination. This not only ensures sample integrity and sufficiency but also significantly shortens the time per sampling, improving clinical biopsy efficiency and adapting to the sampling needs of various cavity lesions.

[0056] Example 2:

[0057] The difference from Embodiment 1 above is that the inner wall of the pneumatic cavity 702 is provided with a ring array of several limiting components to restrict the rotation direction of the rotating head 8, making the rotating head 8 rotate in one direction. Some highly elastic diseased tissues (such as gastrointestinal mucosa and bronchial mucosa) are prone to rebound after being gripped or rotated by the forceps 801 during sampling, causing the rotating head 8 to deflect in the opposite direction, resulting in an angular shift of the forceps 801 and sample detachment. Therefore, this solution is further optimized, specifically, as follows: Figure 6 , Figure 8 and 10 As shown, each limiting component includes ratchet teeth hinged to the bottom wall of the pneumatic cavity 702. The distribution direction of the ratchet teeth corresponds to the distribution direction of the arc-shaped blade 806. A return spring is provided at the hinge point between the ratchet teeth and the pneumatic cavity 702.

[0058] The specific implementation process is as follows: During sampling, when the doctor operates the inflatable airbag to supply air to the pneumatic chamber 702, the airflow pushes the arc-shaped blade 806 to drive the rotating head 8 to rotate in the forward direction (such as clockwise) to adjust the angle of the forceps head 801. The arc-shaped blade 806 will push the ratchet teeth to flip outward around the hinge point. The reset spring is compressed and contracted. At this time, the ratchet teeth do not hinder the movement of the rotating head 8, ensuring smooth angle adjustment.

[0059] When the forceps head 801 contacts and grasps highly elastic lesion tissue (such as gastrointestinal mucosa), rotation is required to assist in sample detachment from the human tissue. However, this rotation is usually not completed in one go but in multiple stages. Therefore, during each rotation interval, the rebound of these tissues generates a reverse force that attempts to reverse the rotation head 8 (e.g., counterclockwise). At this time, the return spring immediately rebounds, pushing the ratchet teeth to reset and engage in the corresponding position of the rotation head 8, forming a rigid barrier to prevent the rotation head 8 from deflecting in the opposite direction. In this process, the cooperation between the ratchet teeth and the return spring does not affect the flexibility of forward angle adjustment and can counteract the reverse force of tissue rebound, reducing the risk of the forceps head 801 deviating from the lesion position due to reverse rotation or sample detachment. This is especially suitable for sampling scenarios of elastic tissues that require continuous maintenance of rotation posture, further improving operational stability and sample acquisition success rate.

[0060] Example 3:

[0061] When the two clamps 801 engage to grasp the sample, the mucus on the tissue surface can easily cause the sample to slip (especially during rotational sampling). Therefore, this embodiment adds an auxiliary adsorption component based on embodiment 2. Specifically, as follows: Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 and Figure 11 As shown, the auxiliary adsorption assembly includes an adsorption chamber 704. The inner wall of the adsorption chamber 704 has a ring-shaped array of protrusions 705, all of which are spherical. The top of the rotating head 8 passes through the adsorption chamber 704. The surface of the rotating head 8 has a ring-shaped array of airbags 802 located within the adsorption chamber 704. The protrusions 705 are all located within the movement trajectory of the airbags 802. Each airbag 802 is connected to an inlet pipe 804 and an outlet pipe 803. Each of the 03 is equipped with an auxiliary one-way valve (inlet pipe 804 → airbag bulb 802, airbag bulb 802 → outlet pipe 803); the end of the inlet pipe 804 away from the airbag bulb 802 extends to the surface of the corresponding clamp head 801; the two clamp heads 801 are linearly arrayed with adsorption holes 807 on the side close to each other, and the adsorption holes 807 are all connected to the corresponding inlet pipe 804. When the two clamp heads 801 are engaged, the adsorption holes 807 on the surface of the two clamp heads 801 are staggered.

[0062] The specific movement process is as follows: When the doctor operates the rotating head 8 to perform rotational sampling, the air bladder 802 on the surface of the rotating head 8 rotates synchronously with it. As a result, the air bladder 802 will contact the spherical protrusion 705 on the inner wall of the adsorption chamber 704. The smooth curved surface of the spherical protrusion 705 makes the air bladder 802 evenly stressed (avoiding excessive local compression that could lead to damage). The compressed air bladder 802 contracts, and the internal gas is discharged through the air outlet pipe 803 and the corresponding auxiliary one-way valve (the auxiliary one-way valve ensures that the gas can only be discharged outwards to prevent backflow). When the air bladder 802 rotates with the rotating head 8 and disengages from the protrusion 705, the air bladder 802 elastically resets and generates negative pressure. It draws air through the air inlet pipe 804 and the corresponding auxiliary one-way valve from the adsorption hole 807 on the surface of the forceps 801. At this time, the adsorption hole 807 will absorb the mucus on the surface of the tissue at the meshing point of the two forceps 801 (such as the sticky secretions on the surface of gastrointestinal polyps), and at the same time, it will generate an adsorption force on the tissue. Furthermore, because the suction holes 807 of the two clamp heads 801 are staggered, they will not overlap during engagement, ensuring that each hole can effectively act on the tissue surface. For example, when grasping small polyp samples from the gastric body, these polyps are often covered with gastric mucus and digestive juices, making them soft and slippery. When traditional clamp heads 801 rely solely on clamping force for fixation, if it is necessary to rotate the clamp head 801 to adjust the clamping angle or embed it into deep tissue, the sample is prone to slipping out of the clamp jaws due to the lubrication of the mucus, or even causing the polyp to break. In this solution, the negative pressure generated by the suction holes 807 can quickly remove the mucus and accumulated fluid from the surface of the polyp, while the suction force tightly adheres the polyp to the inner wall of the clamp head 801, forming a dual fixation of "clamping + suction" in combination with the clamping force of the clamp head 801. Even when rotating the clamp head 801, the sample will not shift due to the slippery surface and can be stably held in the clamp jaws, ensuring that the target polyp tissue can be completely obtained, which is especially suitable for the sampling needs in the mucus-rich environment of the gastrointestinal tract.

[0063] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely illustrative examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A rotatable biopsy sampling forceps, comprising a handle (1), a slip ring (2), and a pull cable (3), wherein a sliding groove is formed on the surface of the handle (1), the slip ring (2) is slidably fitted onto the surface of the handle (1) and the middle part of the slip ring (2) is located in the sliding groove, one end of the pull cable (3) is rotatably connected to the center position of the bottom end of the slip ring (2), a protective sleeve (4) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the handle (1), a spring tube (302) is provided inside the protective sleeve (4) and is fitted onto the surface of the pull cable (3), a connecting block (301) is fixedly connected to one end of the spring tube (302) near the slip ring (2), and the connecting block (301) is fixedly connected to the pull cable (3), characterized in that, The bottom of the protective sleeve (4) is fixedly connected to the connecting seat (7), and the bottom of the connecting seat (7) is rotatably connected to the sampling component. The sampling component is used to control its own opening and closing state by the tension state of the cable (3) and to clamp the target tissue sample; the bottom end of the spring tube (302) is fixedly connected to the top end of the connecting seat (7); The connecting seat (7) is provided with a rotating component for driving the sampling component to rotate; the handle (1) is provided with an inflation component (6) for providing power gas for the rotation of the rotating component. The sampling assembly includes a rotating head (8), a linkage mechanism (805), and two clamps (801). The top of the rotating head (8) is located inside the connecting seat (7), and the rotating head (8) is rotatably engaged with the connecting seat (7). The linkage mechanism (805) is a quadrilateral structure. One hinge point of the linkage mechanism (805) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the cable (3), and the other hinge point opposite to the hinge point is hinged to the inner wall of the rotating head (8). The two clamps (801) are symmetrically fixedly connected to the connecting rod of the linkage mechanism (805), and both clamps (801) are close to the side of the linkage mechanism (805) away from the cable (3). The rotating assembly includes a pneumatic cavity (702) opened inside the connecting seat (7), and the upper end of the rotating head (8) passes through the pneumatic cavity (702). The rotating head (8) has a number of arc-shaped blades (806) arranged in a ring on its surface, which are located inside the pneumatic cavity (702). The top of the connecting seat (7) has an air inlet channel (701) and an air outlet channel (703) located inside the connecting seat (7). A rotating auxiliary channel (501) is provided on the outside of the handle (1), and an air supply pipe (5) is provided inside the rotating auxiliary channel (501). The bottom end of the air supply pipe (5) is connected to the air inlet channel (701), and the other end of the air supply pipe (5) is detachably connected to the inflation assembly (6). A one-way valve is provided inside the inflation assembly (6), which allows the gas in the inflation assembly (6) to flow to the air supply pipe (5). The inner wall of the pneumatic cavity (702) is provided with a ring array of several limiting components for limiting the rotation direction of the rotating head (8) so that the rotating head (8) rotates in one direction; The connecting seat (7) is equipped with an auxiliary adsorption component. The auxiliary adsorption component is used to provide adsorption force at the meshing point when the two clamps (801) are engaged. The auxiliary adsorption component includes an adsorption chamber (704). The inner side wall of the adsorption chamber (704) has a number of protrusions (705) arranged in a ring. The top of the rotating head (8) passes through the adsorption chamber (704). The surface of the rotating head (8) has a number of airbag balls (802) arranged in a ring within the adsorption chamber (704). The protrusions (705) are all located within the movement trajectory of the airbag balls (802). The airbag balls (802) are all connected to an air inlet pipe (804) and an air outlet pipe (803). The air inlet pipe (804) and the air outlet pipe (803) are both equipped with auxiliary one-way valves. The end of the air inlet pipe (804) away from the airbag ball (802) extends to the surface of the corresponding clamp (801).

2. The rotatable biopsy sampling forceps according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas flow direction of the intake passage (701) corresponds to the concave part of the arc blade (806).

3. The rotatable biopsy sampling forceps according to claim 2, characterized in that: The limiting components all include ratchet teeth hinged to the bottom wall of the pneumatic cavity (702), and the distribution direction of the ratchet teeth corresponds to the distribution direction of the arc blade (806). A return spring is provided at the hinge point between the ratchet teeth and the pneumatic cavity (702).

4. The rotatable biopsy sampling forceps according to claim 3, characterized in that: The two clamp heads (801) are arranged in a linear array with adsorption holes (807) on one side of each other, and the adsorption holes (807) are all connected to the corresponding air inlet pipes (804).

5. The rotatable biopsy sampling forceps according to claim 4, characterized in that: All bumps (705) are spherical structures.

6. The rotatable biopsy sampling forceps according to claim 5, characterized in that: When the two jaws (801) are engaged, the adsorption holes (807) on the surface of the two jaws (801) are staggered.

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