Spraying nozzle and spraying equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses a spraying nozzle and spraying equipment. The spray nozzle comprises a spray nozzle body, the spray nozzle body comprises a spray nozzle head section, a spray nozzle middle section and a spray nozzle tail section which are integrally formed, a spraying channel with a Laval curve outline is formed in the spray nozzle, and the spraying channel penetrates from the spray nozzle head section to the spray nozzle tail section and comprises a convergence section, a throat part and a diffusion section which are sequentially formed; and the nozzle head section is provided with a connecting structure connected with a spray gun. According to the technical scheme, the integrally-formed spray nozzle body is adopted, the spray nozzle body is made of the same material and consistent in thermal expansion coefficient, looseness caused by temperature difference can be avoided, meanwhile, the air leakage risk can be remarkably reduced through integrated forming, then the stability and safety of the spraying process are greatly improved, and the spraying efficiency and the coating quality are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of spraying technology, and in particular to a nozzle and spraying equipment. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of low-pressure cold spraying technology, nozzle design plays a crucial role in the spraying effect.

[0003] Currently, the industry commonly uses a copper connector and a steel nozzle tube to assemble the nozzle body, requiring a wing-shaped steel locking screw to secure the steel nozzle tube. While this assembly method offers advantages such as easy disassembly and simple maintenance, it has significant drawbacks. Due to the different thermal shrinkage ratios of copper and steel, the steel nozzle tube is prone to loosening due to thermal expansion and contraction. Furthermore, the joints lack airtightness, leading to air leakage and a decrease in spraying pressure. This severely affects the surface finish after cold spraying, making it difficult to meet the requirements for high-quality spraying.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop new nozzle technology to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a nozzle and a spraying device, which aims to solve the problem that the nozzle structure affects the spraying performance in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this application proposes a nozzle. The nozzle includes a nozzle body, which comprises an integrally formed nozzle head section, nozzle middle section, and nozzle tail section, and a spraying channel with a Laval curve profile is formed within the nozzle. The spraying channel extends from the nozzle head section to the nozzle tail section, and the spraying channel includes a converging section, a throat, and a diffusing section formed sequentially.

[0007] In some embodiments, the nozzle head section is provided with a connection structure for connecting to the spray gun, the connection structure being a threaded connection structure or a snap-fit ​​connection structure.

[0008] In some embodiments, the outer diameter of the middle section of the nozzle is larger than the outer diameter of the nozzle head section and the nozzle tail section to form a stepped structure; A sealing element is provided on the stepped surface where the nozzle head section transitions to the middle section of the nozzle, and the stepped surface is perpendicular to the central axis of the nozzle.

[0009] In some embodiments, the cross-sectional shape of the middle section of the nozzle is a regular hexagon, and its surface is treated with anti-corrosion to form a dense oxide film.

[0010] In some embodiments, the converging section is formed within the nozzle head section, its inner wall has a conical structure, and the convergence angle is between 30° and 60°; the throat is formed within the nozzle head section and the nozzle middle section, its cross-section is a cylindrical shape with equal diameter, and the throat length is 1.5 to 3 times the inner diameter of the throat; the diffuser section is formed within the nozzle middle section and the nozzle tail section, and the expansion angle is between 8° and 14°.

[0011] In some embodiments, a powder inlet connector is further included, wherein a powder inlet interface communicating with the spraying channel is provided on the side wall of the middle section of the nozzle, and the powder inlet connector is connected to the powder inlet interface.

[0012] In some embodiments, the powder inlet is connected to the throat via a powder inlet channel.

[0013] In some embodiments, the powder inlet connector is inclined along the central axis of the nozzle body, with an inclination angle of 30° to 45°.

[0014] In some embodiments, the nozzle body and the powder inlet connector are made of the same material, namely steel or copper.

[0015] This application also provides a spraying apparatus that includes the nozzles described above.

[0016] This application proposes a nozzle and spraying equipment. The nozzle includes a nozzle body, which comprises an integrally formed nozzle head section, nozzle middle section, and nozzle tail section. A spraying channel with a Laval curve profile is formed within the nozzle, extending from the nozzle head section to the nozzle tail section. The spraying channel includes a converging section, a throat, and a diffuser section formed sequentially. This application uses an integrally formed nozzle body made of the same material with a consistent coefficient of thermal expansion, which avoids loosening due to temperature differences. Simultaneously, the integral molding significantly reduces the risk of air leakage, thereby greatly improving the stability and safety of the spraying process, and enhancing spraying efficiency and coating quality. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort, wherein: Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of a nozzle according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the axial structure of a nozzle according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0019] It should be noted that, unless otherwise stated or limited, all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of this application are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0020] It should also be noted that, unless otherwise stated or limited, when an element is referred to as "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element present. When an element is referred to as "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element present.

[0021] Furthermore, unless otherwise stated or limited, the descriptions involving "first," "second," etc., in this application are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. Additionally, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but only on the basis of being achievable by those skilled in the art. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, such a combination of technical solutions should be considered non-existent and not within the scope of protection claimed in this application.

[0022] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this application proposes a nozzle 100. The nozzle 100 includes a nozzle body 10, which includes an integrally formed nozzle head section 101, a nozzle middle section 102, and a nozzle tail section 103. A spraying channel with a Laval curve profile is formed within the nozzle 100. The spraying channel extends from the nozzle head section 101 to the nozzle tail section 103, and includes a converging section 110, a throat 120, and a diffuser section 130 formed sequentially.

[0023] The technical solution of this application aims to provide a Laval nozzle 100 structure, in which a continuous and smooth Laval curve contour spraying channel is formed inside the nozzle body 10. By optimizing the geometric ratio of the convergence section 110, the throat 120 and the diffuser section 130, the airflow reaches the speed of sound in the throat 120 and achieves supersonic acceleration in the diffuser section 130, thereby improving the speed and density of particles when they hit the substrate. For example, the converging section 110 is formed within the nozzle head section 101, with its inner wall having a conical structure and a convergence angle of 30° to 60°, ensuring that the airflow can be effectively accelerated to the throat 120 with minimal loss and within a short distance; the throat 120 is formed within the nozzle head section 101 and the nozzle middle section 102, with a cross-section of a cylindrical shape of equal diameter, and the length of the throat 120 is 1.5 to 3 times its inner diameter, making it sufficient to stabilize the sonic flow field while minimizing frictional losses; the diffuser section 130 is formed within the nozzle middle section 102 and the nozzle tail section 103, with an expansion angle of 8° to 14°, within which the airflow can expand smoothly against the wall, achieving the highest energy conversion efficiency; thus forming a stable and concentrated supersonic core jet.

[0024] The nozzle body 10 is manufactured using an integrated molding process, encompassing the nozzle head section 101, middle section, and tail section. This not only enhances the structural strength and sealing performance of the nozzle 100 but also avoids the risks of stress, fretting wear, and loosening at the joint caused by the different thermal expansion coefficients of materials when using a copper connector + steel nozzle 100 tube in the traditional method. This significantly improves the reliability and durability of the nozzle 100, ensuring a stable airflow to form a high-quality, dense coating.

[0025] Optionally, the nozzle head section 101 is provided with a connection structure for connecting to the spray gun, allowing the nozzle 100 to be directly connected to the spray gun via the nozzle body 10. This connection structure is either a threaded connection or a snap-fit ​​connection, preferably a threaded connection, which provides a robust, reliable, and well-sealed connection. In a specific configuration, the nozzle head section 101 has external threads on its outer circumference, which can engage with the internal threads on the inner wall of the spray gun front end, enabling quick assembly / disassembly and reliable fixation. The threaded connection structure design allows for the application of a large preload, ensuring a tight fit between the nozzle body 10 and the spray gun interface face, further enhancing overall airtightness, especially with anti-loosening threads or the use of thread-locking adhesive.

[0026] Optionally, the outer diameter of the nozzle middle section 102 is larger than the outer diameter of the nozzle head section 101 and the nozzle tail section 103 to form a stepped structure; wherein, a sealing element is provided on the stepped surface where the nozzle head section transitions to the nozzle middle section 102, and the stepped surface is perpendicular to the central axis of the nozzle 100.

[0027] On the one hand, the stepped structure provides a mechanical stop for the installation of the nozzle body 10 in the axial direction (central axis direction); when the nozzle body 10 is screwed into or inserted into the spray gun, the stepped surface ensures that the nozzle body 10 reaches a defined and repeatable installation position, guaranteeing the accuracy and consistency of each installation. On the other hand, the stepped surface provides a mounting base and pressure surface for the seal (most typically an O-ring). When the nozzle body 10 is connected to the spray gun by threads or clips and tightened / locked, this vertical stepped surface will fit tightly against the corresponding end face on the spray gun and compress the seal (O-ring) placed on it; the seal undergoes elastic deformation under axial pressure, filling the microscopic unevenness between the two metal end faces, thereby achieving a reliable static seal of the end faces.

[0028] Furthermore, the cross-sectional shape of the nozzle section 102 is a regular hexagon, and its surface is treated with an anti-corrosion coating to form a dense oxide film. Its hexagonal structure provides a standard wrench latch, allowing for the application of high torque using a standard open-end wrench during nozzle 100 installation and removal without damaging the nozzle 100, thus solving the installation and disassembly difficulties caused by unibody molding. The anti-corrosion treatment on the hexagonal surface further enhances its resistance to environmental corrosion, extending its service life under harsh operating conditions.

[0029] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, optionally, the nozzle 100 also includes a powder inlet connector 20. A powder inlet interface communicating with the spraying channel is provided on the side wall of the nozzle middle section 102. The powder inlet connector 20 is connected to the powder inlet interface, and the powder inlet connector 20 and the nozzle body 10 are made of the same material, such as steel or copper.

[0030] The powder inlet connector 20 is threaded and fitted with a sealing ring to ensure airtightness and stability during powder delivery. The axis of the powder inlet connector 20 is radially perpendicular to the middle section 102 of the nozzle, facilitating the layout and installation of the external powder delivery pipeline. When the spraying equipment is working, the powder enters the spraying channel through the powder inlet connector 20, where it is fully mixed with the heat source under the influence of the carrier gas and sprayed out at an accelerated speed.

[0031] Furthermore, the powder inlet is connected to the throat 120 via a powder inlet channel. At the throat 120, the lower static pressure makes it easier for powder to be "drawn" into the main airflow within the spray channel, and the flow field characteristics are stable. The introduction of powder has minimal interference with the upstream subsonic flow and the downstream supersonic expansion flow. Additionally, the powder undergoes sufficient acceleration throughout the diffuser section 130, thereby achieving the highest exit velocity. In a preferred embodiment, the powder inlet 20 is inclined along the central axis of the nozzle body 10, with an inclination angle of 30° to 45°. This inclination angle allows the powder to enter the main flow channel in a specific vector direction, effectively avoiding turbulence and localized accumulation caused by vertical injection, while simultaneously improving the coupling efficiency between the powder and the high-speed airflow.

[0032] In summary, the technical solution of this application achieves multiple optimizations in sealing reliability, maintenance convenience, and powder conveying efficiency of the nozzle 100 through integrated design, and maintains long-term stable operation under complex working conditions.

[0033] This application also provides a spraying device, which includes the nozzle 100 as described above. The nozzle 100 is directly connected to the spray gun through the connecting structure of the nozzle head section 101. This spraying device also adopts all the technical solutions of all the embodiments of the nozzle 100 described above, and therefore has at least all the beneficial effects brought about by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, which will not be described in detail here.

[0034] The above description is only a part or preferred embodiment of this application. Neither the text nor the drawings should limit the scope of protection of this application. All equivalent structural transformations made using the content of this application's specification and drawings under the overall concept of this application, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A nozzle, characterized in that, The nozzle body includes an integrally formed nozzle head section, nozzle middle section and nozzle tail section, and a spraying channel with a Laval curve profile is formed inside the nozzle. The spraying channel extends from the nozzle head section to the nozzle tail section and includes a converging section, a throat and a diffuser section formed in sequence.

2. The nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The nozzle head section is provided with a connection structure for connecting to the spray gun, and the connection structure is a threaded connection structure or a snap-fit ​​connection structure.

3. The nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer diameter of the middle section of the nozzle is larger than the outer diameter of the nozzle head section and the nozzle tail section, so as to form a stepped structure; A sealing element is provided on the stepped surface where the nozzle head section transitions to the middle section of the nozzle, and the stepped surface is perpendicular to the central axis of the nozzle.

4. The nozzle according to claim 3, characterized in that, The nozzle has a hexagonal cross-section in the middle section, and its surface is treated with anti-corrosion to form a dense oxide film.

5. The nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The converging section is formed within the nozzle head section, and its inner wall has a conical structure with a convergence angle of 30° to 60°; the throat is formed within the nozzle head section and the nozzle middle section, and its cross-section is a cylindrical shape with a uniform diameter, and the length of the throat is 1.5 to 3 times the inner diameter of the throat; the diffuser section is formed within the nozzle middle section and the nozzle tail section, and its expansion angle is 8° to 14°.

6. The nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a powder inlet connector, wherein a powder inlet interface communicating with the spraying channel is provided on the side wall of the middle section of the nozzle, and the powder inlet connector is connected to the powder inlet interface.

7. The nozzle according to claim 6, characterized in that, The powder inlet is connected to the throat via a powder inlet channel.

8. The nozzle according to claim 7, characterized in that, The powder inlet connector is inclined along the central axis of the nozzle body, with an inclination angle of 30° to 45°.

9. The nozzle according to claim 6, characterized in that, The nozzle body and the powder inlet connector are made of the same material, namely steel or copper.

10. A spraying device, characterized in that, Includes the nozzle as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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