Semi-automatic spherical surface facing machine

Abstract

The invention discloses a semi-automatic spherical surface facing machine and belongs to the technical field of spherical surface grinding, the semi-automatic spherical surface facing machine comprises a workbench, a grinding assembly and a driving assembly.According to the scheme, a curved surface is directly sensed through a plurality of mechanical measuring rods, optical shielding is driven through extrusion deformation of an air bag, and finally signals are interpreted through a color sensor; an expensive and delicate electronic displacement sensor array is abandoned, so that the overall manufacturing cost and maintenance cost are greatly reduced, meanwhile, a mechanical structure has inherent high reliability and strong anti-interference capability and can adapt to complex environments such as oil stain and vibration in a workshop site, and the whole detection process is accurate and reliable from calibration, scanning to signal generation, and the detection precision is greatly improved. The method is simple in operation, is completed in simple mechanical and pneumatic actions, is high in detection speed, can be seamlessly matched with the rhythm of an automatic production line, achieves high-efficiency and low-cost online residue screening, and guarantees the quality uniformity of workpieces input into a grinding process from the source.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of spherical grinding technology, and particularly to a semi-automatic spherical grinding machine. Background Technology

[0002] Spherical surface lamination is a key precision machining technology used to obtain high-precision spherical shapes. It is especially widely used in precision parts such as hydraulic valve blocks and fuel injection systems. These parts often take the form of a cylindrical base, and their key functional surface is an embedded high-precision spherical hole. It has stringent requirements for sealing and contact stress distribution, and its machining quality directly determines the performance and reliability of the entire component.

[0003] In actual production, the blanks of such ball-and-socket workpieces are usually formed by casting or rough milling. This results in a significant deviation between the initial geometry of the inner spherical surface and the final target surface, and the material allowance distribution is extremely uneven. If the blank in this state is directly put into the machine for fine grinding, the excessive local allowance difference will cause the grinding pressure to change drastically. This not only makes it difficult to form a stable and accurate spherical surface, but also easily scratches or even damages the expensive precision grinding disc due to local overload. At the same time, it leads to low processing efficiency and poor consistency. Therefore, pre-processing the blank before fine grinding to transform it into a "semi-finished product with a geometry close to the target and a relatively uniform allowance distribution" is a key prerequisite for ensuring the stability, controllability and efficiency of subsequent processes. However, existing detection methods for such pre-processing face a dilemma: high-precision coordinate measuring machines or laser scanners are expensive and inefficient. Their detection accuracy far exceeds the actual needs of the pre-processing stage, and the equipment has high environmental adaptability requirements, making them unsuitable for rapid and economical rough screening and positioning of large batches of blanks on the workshop floor.

[0004] Therefore, to address the above problems, a semi-automatic spherical grinding machine is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a semi-automatic spherical grinding machine, which can solve the problem that in the actual production process, the blank ball socket has uneven material distribution due to casting or rough milling. Existing high-precision testing equipment is costly, inefficient, and has poor environmental adaptability, making it difficult to meet the on-site requirements for judging the material distribution.

[0006] A semi-automatic spherical grinding machine includes: a worktable, a grinding assembly, and a drive assembly. The worktable contains a clamping and rotating assembly, which holds a workpiece to be ground. The clamping assembly is used to achieve forward rotation and clamping of the workpiece. The grinding assembly is positioned above the workpiece and has a grinding head mounted on it. The grinding assembly drives the grinding head to rotate in the opposite direction. The drive assembly drives the grinding assembly to perform periodic reverse circular motion, and in conjunction with the grinding assembly, drives the grinding head to rotate, thus grinding the workpiece.

[0007] Preferably, the drive assembly includes a servo motor mounted on a workbench, the servo motor being connected to a transmission plate via an eccentric shaft, a rotating block being rotatably connected to one end of the transmission plate, an abutment rod being installed on the inner wall of the workbench, the abutment rod being slidably connected to the rotating block, and a gripping rod being fixedly connected to one end of the rotating block.

[0008] Preferably, the grinding assembly includes a grinding motor, which is mounted on a gripping rod, and a rotating rod is mounted on the output end of the grinding motor. The rotating rod matches a rotating groove opened on the grinding head. The clamping and rotating assembly includes a rotating fixed table installed in the worktable, and the grinding workpiece is mounted on the rotating fixed table.

[0009] Preferably, it also includes a transmission component disposed on one side of the worktable, an integrated plate disposed on one side of the transmission component, a margin detection feedback component disposed on the integrated plate, and one end of the integrated plate being connected to the worktable. The transmission component is used to transport the workpiece being ground, and the margin detection feedback component is used to detect the margin of the workpiece being ground.

[0010] Preferably, the transmission component includes a transmission table disposed on one side of the workbench, and a plurality of evenly distributed placement blocks are mounted on the transmission table.

[0011] Preferably, the margin detection feedback component includes a movement detection component and a rotation component. The movement detection component includes a support rod, the bottom end of which is connected to an integrated plate, and a connecting plate is installed at the top end of the support rod. A first electric actuator is installed at one end of the connecting plate, a fixing plate is installed at the output end of the first electric actuator, a second electric actuator is installed at one end of the fixing plate, a detection motor is installed at the output end of the second electric actuator, and the output end of the detection motor is connected to the rotation component.

[0012] Preferably, the rotating assembly includes an integrated feedback plate, a rotating rod fixedly connected to the bottom end of the integrated feedback plate, and a spray marking plate fixedly connected to one end of the integrated feedback plate. A color sensor is installed inside the integrated feedback plate. The spray marking plate has multiple evenly distributed limiting holes. A limiting airbag is installed on the inner wall of the limiting hole, and a measuring rod is slidably connected inside the limiting hole. Multiple extrusion strips connected to the measuring rod are installed on the inner wall of the limiting hole. An air pump is installed inside the integrated feedback plate, and the output end of the air pump is connected to the limiting airbag. A bracket is installed at the top of the integrated plate, and a standard plate is installed at one end of the bracket. The standard plate is located below the measuring rod.

[0013] Preferably, the measuring rod is composed of an upper detection cavity and a lower detection cavity, and laser lights are installed on the inner walls of both the upper and lower detection cavities. A damping telescopic rod is installed at the top of the laser lights.

[0014] Preferably, a feedback cylinder is provided at the top of the measuring rod, the feedback cylinder is installed at the bottom of the integrated feedback plate, and a transparent cover is installed at the top of the feedback cylinder. The feedback cylinder is composed of an upper feedback cavity and a lower feedback cavity, and a scattering block is installed on the inner wall of the feedback cylinder. A fixed semi-ring is installed in both the upper and lower feedback cavities. A light-transmitting hole is opened in the upper part of the fixed semi-ring. A baffle plate is slidably connected to the light-transmitting hole. A sealing rod is installed at one end of the baffle plate. A sealing cylinder is opened on the fixed semi-ring and slidably connected to the sealing rod.

[0015] Preferably, an upper abutment block is installed around the damping telescopic rod located in the upper feedback cavity, an upper airbag is installed at the bottom end of the fixed semi-ring located in the upper feedback cavity, a lower abutment block is installed around the damping telescopic rod located in the lower feedback cavity, and a lower airbag is installed at the top end of the fixed semi-ring located in the lower feedback cavity. The sealing cylinder is connected to both the lower airbag and the upper airbag.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: (1) This solution is based on the detection mechanism of pure mechanical contact and air-light conversion principle. That is, the curved surface is directly sensed by multiple mechanical measuring rods, and the optical block is driven by the compression deformation of the airbag. Finally, the signal is judged by the color sensor. The expensive and delicate electronic displacement sensor array is eliminated, which greatly reduces the overall manufacturing cost and maintenance cost. At the same time, the mechanical structure has inherent high reliability and strong anti-interference ability, and can adapt to the complex environment of oil stains and vibration in the workshop. The entire detection process, from calibration and scanning to signal generation, is completed in simple mechanical and pneumatic actions. The detection speed is fast and can seamlessly match the rhythm of the automated production line. It realizes high-efficiency and low-cost online residual screening, and ensures the uniformity of workpiece quality input to the grinding process from the source.

[0017] (2) This solution realizes an instant closed loop from detection to decision-making. The detection results are not just data, but the spray marking plate is controlled by the integrated feedback plate to mark the areas of excessive positive deviation material or insufficient negative deviation material on the workpiece surface in real time and with different colors. This provides clear and accurate visual guidance for operators, enabling them to quickly locate and operate accurately whether it is manual rework or selective grinding. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the spherical surface grinding machine provided by the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the workbench provided by the present invention; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the grinding assembly and driving assembly provided by the present invention; Figure 4A three-dimensional structural diagram of the transmission component provided by the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the margin detection feedback component structure provided by the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating component structure provided by the present invention; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the measuring rod and feedback cylinder structure provided by the present invention; Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the damping telescopic rod structure provided by the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the fixed semi-ring structure inside the lower feedback cavity provided by the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the fixed semi-ring structure inside the upper feedback cavity provided by the present invention.

[0019] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Workbench; 2. Transmission assembly; 3. Integrated board; 4. Balance detection feedback assembly; 5. Rotation assembly; 6. Measuring rod; 8. Feedback cylinder; 11. Servo motor; 12. Transmission plate; 13. Rotating block; 14. Gripping rod; 15. Grinding motor; 16. Rotating rod; 17. Grinding head; 18. Rotating fixed table; 19. Grinding workpiece; 21. Transmission table; 22. Placement block; 41. Support rod; 42. Connecting plate; 43. First electric push rod; 44. Fixed plate; 45. Second electric push rod; 46. Detection motor; 47. Bracket; 48. Standard plate; 51. Integrated feedback plate; 52. Rotating rod; 53. Spray marking plate; 61. Damping telescopic rod; 62. Lower abutment block; 63. Upper abutment block; 81. Transparent cover; 82. Fixed semi-ring; 83. Lower airbag; 84. Upper airbag; 85. Light-transmitting hole. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below, but it should be understood that the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments.

[0021] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the semi-automatic spherical grinding machine provided in this embodiment of the invention includes: a worktable 1, a grinding assembly, and a drive assembly. A clamping and rotating assembly is provided inside the worktable 1, and a grinding workpiece 19 is provided inside the clamping and rotating assembly. The clamping assembly is used to realize the forward rotation and clamping of the grinding workpiece 19. The grinding assembly is provided on the upper side of the grinding workpiece 19, and a grinding head 17 is provided on the grinding assembly. The grinding assembly is used to drive the grinding head 17 to rotate in the opposite direction. The drive assembly is used to realize the periodic reverse circular motion of the grinding assembly, and cooperates with the grinding assembly to drive the grinding head 17 to rotate to realize the grinding of the grinding workpiece 19.

[0022] The drive assembly includes a servo motor 11 mounted on the workbench 1. The servo motor 11 is connected to a transmission plate 12 via an eccentric shaft. A rotating block 13 is rotatably connected to one end of the transmission plate 12. An abutment rod is installed on the inner wall of the workbench 1. The abutment rod is slidably connected to the rotating block 13. A gripping rod 14 is fixedly connected to one end of the rotating block 13.

[0023] The grinding assembly includes a grinding motor 15, which is mounted on a gripping rod 14. A rotating rod 16 is mounted on the output end of the grinding motor 15. The rotating rod 16 matches the rotating groove opened on the grinding head 17. The clamping and rotating assembly includes a rotating fixed table 18 installed in the worktable 1. The grinding workpiece 19 is mounted on the rotating fixed table 18.

[0024] The semi-automatic spherical grinding machine's grinding execution system consists of a worktable 1, a grinding component, and a drive component working together. Its core function is to achieve precise and uniform grinding of the spherical surface of the workpiece 19 that has already been measured.

[0025] First, the workpiece 19 is fixed and driven by the clamping and rotating assembly. The workpiece 19 is mounted on the rotating fixed stage 18 in the worktable 1. The rotating fixed stage 18 provides stable clamping and drives the workpiece to rotate in a positive uniform speed around its own axis, forming the first basic motion axis.

[0026] The grinding motor 15 drives the grinding head 17 to rotate in the opposite direction at high speed around its own axis through the rotating rod 16, forming a second motion axis, which directly generates cutting relative motion with the workpiece surface.

[0027] The servo motor 11 converts the rotational motion into a periodic circular or arc-shaped oscillation of the grinding head 17 relative to the center of the workpiece through a linkage mechanism consisting of an eccentric shaft, a transmission plate 12, a rotating block 13, and a contact rod.

[0028] The high-speed rotation and circumferential oscillation of the grinding head 17, combined with the continuous rotation of the workpiece 19, result in a complex and varied relative motion trajectory between the grinding head and the spherical contact point of the workpiece, which continuously covers the space. This avoids repetitive patterns or local over-grinding caused by a single motion trajectory, ensuring the global uniformity of material removal, excellent spherical shape accuracy, and a high-quality final surface.

[0029] The above-mentioned grinding method achieves high uniformity and high precision spherical surface processing. The three-axis compound motion ensures that the grinding trajectory completely and randomly covers the spherical surface, which is conducive to obtaining higher sphericity and better surface consistency.

[0030] Meanwhile, motion parameters can be controlled independently and precisely. The rotation speed of the workpiece, the rotation speed of the grinding head, and the amplitude and frequency of the swing can all be adjusted independently by their respective motors, providing a high degree of flexibility and process window for adapting to different material properties and different process stages such as rough grinding and fine grinding.

[0031] like Figure 4 As shown, it also includes a transmission component 2 disposed on one side of the workbench 1. An integrated plate 3 is disposed on one side of the transmission component 2. A margin detection feedback component 4 is disposed on the integrated plate 3. One end of the integrated plate 3 is connected to the workbench 1. The transmission component 2 is used to transport the grinding workpiece 19, and the margin detection feedback component 4 is used to detect the margin of the grinding workpiece 19.

[0032] The transmission component 2 includes a transmission table 21, which is located on one side of the workbench 1, and multiple evenly distributed placement blocks 22 are installed on the transmission table 21.

[0033] In the traditional spherical grinding process, directly finishing the blank workpiece faces a fundamental problem: the surface allowance of the untested blank is often unevenly distributed.

[0034] If such workpieces are directly ground on a grinding machine, the grinding pressure will fluctuate drastically, making it difficult to form a high-precision spherical surface and easily damaging expensive precision grinding tools, resulting in low processing efficiency and unstable yield.

[0035] To address the aforementioned issues, this solution innovatively integrates an automated online detection device, consisting of a transmission component 2, an integrated board 3, and a margin detection feedback component 4, which work together.

[0036] Specifically, the transmission component 2 is responsible for automatically and orderly transporting the grinding workpiece 19 to be processed to the inspection station, providing a basis for assembly line operation.

[0037] One end of the integrated board 3 is connected to the workbench 1, while the other side carries the core balance detection feedback component 4, forming a physical and functional link from transmission and detection to subsequent grinding.

[0038] First, the array of measuring rods 6 in the detection assembly is calibrated on the standard plate 48 to memorize the contour of the ideal curved surface. Then, the system moves the array above the workpiece and performs a rotational scan.

[0039] When there is too much positive deviation material or too little negative deviation material on the workpiece surface, it will cause displacement of the corresponding measuring rod 6. This displacement is converted into a change in light signal, which is then captured and analyzed by the color sensor.

[0040] Through the precise coordination of the above structures, workpieces with uneven allowance distribution are automatically screened out, ensuring stable input quality for the fine grinding process. At the same time, the expensive electronic scanning is replaced by pure mechanical and pneumatic principles, which greatly reduces system complexity and maintenance costs. Furthermore, intuitive decision guidance is provided by spraying the marking plate 53 with differentiated color spraying on the deviation area, providing a basis for subsequent repairs and significantly improving the efficiency and accuracy of subsequent processing.

[0041] like Figures 5 to 10 As shown, the residual detection feedback component 4 includes a moving detection component and a rotating component 5. The moving detection component includes a support rod 41, the bottom end of which is connected to the integrated plate 3, and a connecting plate 42 is installed at the top end of the support rod 41. A first electric push rod 43 is installed at one end of the connecting plate 42, a fixing plate 44 is installed at the output end of the first electric push rod 43, a second electric push rod 45 is installed at one end of the fixing plate 44, and a detection motor 46 is installed at the output end of the second electric push rod 45. The output end of the detection motor 46 is connected to the rotating component 5.

[0042] The rotating assembly 5 includes an integrated feedback plate 51, a rotating rod 52 fixedly connected to the bottom end of the integrated feedback plate 51, and a spray marking plate 53 fixedly connected to one end of the integrated feedback plate 51. A color sensor is installed inside the integrated feedback plate 51. Multiple evenly distributed limiting holes are opened on the spray marking plate 53. Limiting airbags are installed on the inner wall of the limiting holes, and a measuring rod 6 is slidably connected inside the limiting holes. Multiple extrusion strips connected to the measuring rod 6 are installed on the inner wall of the limiting holes. An air pump is installed inside the integrated feedback plate 51, and the output end of the air pump is connected to the limiting airbag. A bracket 47 is installed at the top of the integrated plate 51, and a standard plate 48 is installed at one end of the bracket 47. The standard plate 48 is located below the measuring rod 6.

[0043] The measuring rod 6 consists of an upper detection cavity and a lower detection cavity. Laser lights are installed on the inner walls of both the upper and lower detection cavities, and a damping telescopic rod 61 is installed at the top of the laser lights.

[0044] A feedback cylinder 8 is provided at the top of the measuring rod 6. The feedback cylinder 8 is installed at the bottom of the integrated feedback plate 51, and a transparent cover 81 is installed at the top of the feedback cylinder 8. The feedback cylinder 8 is composed of an upper feedback cavity and a lower feedback cavity, and a scattering block is installed on the inner wall of the feedback cylinder 8. A fixed half ring 82 is installed in both the upper and lower feedback cavities. A light-transmitting hole 85 is opened on the fixed half ring 82. A baffle plate is slidably connected to the light-transmitting hole 85. A sealing rod is installed at one end of the baffle plate. A sealing cylinder is opened on the fixed half ring 82 and slidably connected to the sealing rod.

[0045] The damping telescopic rod 61 located in the upper feedback cavity is surrounded by an upper abutment block 63. The fixed semi-ring 82 located in the upper feedback cavity is equipped with an upper airbag 84 at its bottom end. The damping telescopic rod 61 located in the lower feedback cavity is surrounded by a lower abutment block 62. The fixed semi-ring 82 located in the lower feedback cavity is equipped with a lower airbag 83 at its top end. The sealing cylinder is connected to both the lower airbag 83 and the upper airbag 84.

[0046] In the grinding station of the workbench 1, an online pre-inspection device is integrated, consisting of a transmission component 2 and a pair of residual detection feedback components 4. The grinding workpiece 19 is carried and conveyed by the evenly distributed placement blocks 22 on the transmission table 21, and passes through two inspection stations in sequence. Only after screening is completed can it enter the precision grinding process.

[0047] Each margin detection feedback component 4 includes a moving detection component and a rotating component 5. The moving detection component is responsible for performing the spatial positioning of the rotating component 5, while the support rod 41 provides a support base. The first electric push rod 43 drives the end component to move horizontally, realizing the switching of the rotating component 5 between the calibration position of the standard plate 48 and the workpiece detection position. The second electric actuator 45 drives the detection motor 46 and the rotating assembly 5 to move vertically up and down, so as to perform the action of contacting and disengaging between the rotating assembly 5 and the grinding workpiece 19. The detection motor 46 provides rotational power for the rotating assembly 5 to scan the grinding workpiece 19.

[0048] The rotating assembly 5 has an integrated feedback plate 51 as its main body. Multiple measuring rods 6 are installed through limiting holes on the spray marking plate 53. Limiting airbags are used to lock their positions, and extrusion strips provide constant downward contact pressure.

[0049] Each measuring rod 6 is equipped with a laser lamp inside, and its top damping telescopic rod 61 extends into the feedback cylinder 8.

[0050] The feedback cylinder 8 is divided into an upper feedback chamber and a lower feedback chamber, and each chamber is equipped with a fixed semi-ring 82 and an upper airbag 84 or a lower airbag 83.

[0051] The upper abutment block 63 or the lower abutment block 62 installed on the damping telescopic rod 61 correspond to the upper airbag 84 and the lower airbag 83, respectively.

[0052] The color sensor inside the integrated feedback board 51 monitors the light signal inside the cavity through the transparent cover 81.

[0053] In the precision machining of spherical grinding, if the workpiece is not inspected before processing, and the allowance is unevenly distributed, it will cause the grinding force to fluctuate drastically, making it impossible to form a stable and accurate spherical surface, or even damaging the grinding tool.

[0054] The purpose of the inspection is to obtain a semi-finished product with a geometric shape close to the target, uniform allowance, and uniform material, so as to make the finishing process stable, controllable, and efficient. To address this issue, the following solutions are proposed: The workpiece 19 is transferred through multiple placement blocks 22 on the transmission table 21 in the transmission assembly 2. A pair of margin detection feedback components 4 are provided on the integrated plate 3 on one side of the transmission table 21, so that the workpiece 19 is first detected by the pair of margin detection feedback components 4. After the detection is completed, the workpiece 19 is processed by the grinding assembly and drive assembly on the worktable 1.

[0055] When the grinding workpiece 19 on the placement block 22 is transferred to a margin detection feedback component 4 on the side away from the worktable 1, the moving detection component and the rotating component 5 on the margin detection feedback component 4 are activated. The first electric push rod 43 is activated first in the moving detection component, so that the first electric push rod 43 can drive the fixed plate 44, the second electric push rod 45, the detection motor 46 and the rotating component 5 to move closer to the standard plate 48 installed on the bracket 47.

[0056] Simultaneously, the second electric actuator 45 is activated, which drives the detection motor 46 and the rotating assembly 5 to move downward, thereby causing the rotating rod 52 at the bottom of the integrated feedback plate 51 on the rotating assembly 5 to abut against the standard plate 48.

[0057] The multiple measuring rods 6 overcome the downward pressure from the extrusion strip and abut against the outer end of the standard plate 48. Since the curve of the standard plate 48 is consistent with the curve of the grinding workpiece 19 under standard conditions, the initial position of the multiple measuring rods 6 is calibrated in this way. Then, the measuring rods 6 rotate and contact the grinding workpiece 19, and the feedback obtained during the rotation indicates whether there is a certain amount of positive deviation material or negative deviation material, thereby determining whether the allowance of the grinding workpiece 19 is uniform.

[0058] After multiple measuring rods 6 have come into contact with the standard plate 48, the air pump in the integrated feedback plate 51 is activated. The activation of the air pump causes the limiting airbag installed on the inner wall of the limiting hole to expand, thereby fixing the multiple measuring rods 6 that have completed positioning.

[0059] Then, the detection motor 46 and the first electric push rod 43 are started, thereby driving the positioning measuring rod 6 to move to the upper side of the grinding workpiece 19, so that the rotating rod 52 installed at the lower end of the integrated feedback plate 51 is located at the geometric center of the grinding workpiece 19. Then, the second electric push rod 45 is started to move downward, so that the rotating rod 52 abuts against the geometric center of the grinding workpiece 19.

[0060] Disconnect the power switch of the air pump to release the limiting airbag from restricting the multiple measuring rods 6, and then start the detection motor 46 to drive the integrated feedback board 51 to rotate, thereby allowing the multiple measuring rods 6 to slide against the inner wall of the grinding workpiece 19.

[0061] Its extrusion bar provides a certain downward pressure to the measuring rod 6, thereby ensuring that the measuring rod 6 is in complete contact with the inner wall of the grinding workpiece 19 and reducing the influence of external factors such as vibration.

[0062] When there is a positive or negative deviation in the allowance of the workpiece 19 being ground, the measuring rod 6 in contact with it will move up and down. At this time, the laser lamp inside the measuring rod 6 will also move up and down. When the laser lamp does not move, the light source generated by the laser lamp will penetrate the light-transmitting hole 85 opened on the fixed half ring 82, and then be scattered out through the heat sink, so that it can be observed by the transparent cover 81 installed on the feedback cylinder 8.

[0063] Since the feedback cylinder 8 is composed of an upper feedback cavity and a lower feedback cavity, these two cavities correspond to whether there is a positive or negative allowance deviation on the workpiece 19 being ground.

[0064] When there is a negative deviation, the measuring rod 6 will move downward and slide relative to the feedback cylinder 8, causing the laser lamp to drive the damping telescopic rod 61 to move downward, causing the lower abutment block 62 and the upper abutment block 63 on the pair of damping telescopic rods 61 to move downward.

[0065] When the upper abutment block 63 moves downward, it will not compress the upper airbag 84, but when the lower abutment block 62 moves downward, it will compress the lower airbag 83, causing the gas in the lower airbag 83 to enter the sealing cylinder. This causes the sealing rod in the sealing cylinder to move the baffle plate, thereby blocking its light-transmitting hole 85 and darkening the light in the lower feedback cavity.

[0066] The upper feedback cavity remains unaffected. Meanwhile, the light sources of the two laser lights can be set to be different, so that the allowance of the workpiece 19 being ground at that location has a negative deviation and appears irregular. The light signal here will be captured by the color sensor installed on the integrated feedback board 51, thereby controlling the nozzle on the spray marking board 53 to spray at that location as a mark.

[0067] Conversely, when there is a positive deviation, the damping telescopic rod 61 moves upward, causing the upper abutment block 63 on the damping telescopic rod 61 to squeeze the upper airbag 84, while the lower abutment block 62 moves upward and does not squeeze the lower airbag 83. This is captured by the color sensor installed on the integrated feedback board 51, which controls the nozzle on the spray marking plate 53 to spray paint on that area as a marker. The color spray here can distinguish the recessed areas, making them visible to personnel later.

[0068] When the surface of the workpiece 19 being ground is within acceptable limits, or when there is a certain positive or negative deviation, causing the baffle plate to not completely block the light and the color sensor to not capture a completely dark state, this can be considered as a certain threshold range. In such cases, if the deviation is within the threshold range, no marking will be made.

[0069] It should be noted that, in order to ensure the accuracy of signal detection, the transparent cover 81 installed at the top of the feedback cylinder 8 has a partition embedded inside it. This partition physically divides the observation area of ​​the transparent cover 81 into two independent parts, corresponding to the upper feedback cavity and the lower feedback cavity respectively, thereby effectively preventing crosstalk between the scattered light in the two cavities.

[0070] Meanwhile, the laser lights installed in the upper and lower detection cavities are set to emit two light sources of different colors that are easy to distinguish spectrally, such as red and green. This allows the color sensor in the integrated feedback board 51 to clearly and accurately identify whether the light signal comes from the upper or lower cavity through the transparent cover 81, and thus reliably determine whether there is a positive or negative deviation on the workpiece surface, providing a solid foundation for subsequent accurate marking.

[0071] After completion, another allowance detection feedback component 4 close to the worktable 1 will be moved. Because there is a large error in the distance between multiple measuring rods 6, two allowance detection feedback components 4 are set up. The purpose is to make the measuring rods 6 on the two allowance detection feedback components 4 evenly contact the surface of the grinding workpiece 19, thereby reducing the error caused by the distance between the measuring rods 6.

[0072] The above description is merely an example and illustration of the structure of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described, or use similar methods to replace them, as long as they do not deviate from the structure of the invention or exceed the scope defined in the claims, all of which should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A semi-automatic spherical grinding machine, characterized in that, include: A workbench (1) is provided in the workbench (1), and a grinding workpiece (19) is provided in the grinding workpiece (19). The clamping assembly is used to realize the forward rotation and clamping of the grinding workpiece (19). A grinding assembly is disposed on the upper side of the grinding workpiece (19), and a grinding head (17) is disposed on the grinding assembly. The grinding assembly is used to drive the grinding head (17) to rotate in the opposite direction. The driving component is used to drive the grinding component to perform periodic reverse circular motion and cooperate with the grinding component to drive the grinding head (17) to rotate to grind the workpiece (19).

2. The semi-automatic spherical surface grinding machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The drive assembly includes a servo motor (11) mounted on a workbench (1). The servo motor (11) is connected to a transmission plate (12) via an eccentric shaft. A rotating block (13) is rotatably connected to one end of the transmission plate (12). An abutment rod is installed on the inner wall of the workbench (1). The abutment rod is slidably connected to the rotating block (13). A gripping rod (14) is fixedly connected to one end of the rotating block (13).

3. The semi-automatic spherical surface grinding machine as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The grinding assembly includes a grinding motor (15), which is mounted on a gripping rod (14), and a rotating rod (16) is mounted on the output end of the grinding motor (15). The rotating rod (16) matches the rotating groove opened on the grinding head (17). The clamping and rotating assembly includes a rotating fixed table (18) installed in the worktable (1), and the grinding workpiece (19) is mounted on the rotating fixed table (18).

4. The semi-automatic spherical surface grinding machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a transmission component (2) disposed on one side of the workbench (1), an integrated plate (3) disposed on one side of the transmission component (2), a margin detection feedback component (4) disposed on the integrated plate (3), and one end of the integrated plate (3) is connected to the workbench (1). The transmission component (2) is used to transport the grinding workpiece (19), and the margin detection feedback component (4) is used to detect the margin of the grinding workpiece (19).

5. The semi-automatic spherical surface grinding machine as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The transmission component (2) includes a transmission table (21), which is located on one side of the workbench (1), and multiple evenly distributed placement blocks (22) are installed on the transmission table (21).

6. The semi-automatic spherical surface grinding machine as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The remaining quantity detection feedback component (4) includes a moving detection component and a rotating component (5). The moving detection component includes a support rod (41). The bottom end of the support rod (41) is connected to the integrated plate (3), and a connecting plate (42) is installed at the top end of the support rod (41). A first electric push rod (43) is installed at one end of the connecting plate (42). A fixing plate (44) is installed at the output end of the first electric push rod (43). A second electric push rod (45) is installed at one end of the fixing plate (44). A detection motor (46) is installed at the output end of the second electric push rod (45). The output end of the detection motor (46) is connected to the rotating component (5).

7. The semi-automatic spherical surface grinding machine as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The rotating assembly (5) includes an integrated feedback plate (51), a rotating rod (52) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the integrated feedback plate (51), and a spray marking plate (53) is fixedly connected to one end of the integrated feedback plate (51). A color sensor is installed inside the integrated feedback plate (51). Multiple evenly distributed limiting holes are opened on the spray marking plate (53). A limiting airbag is installed on the inner wall of the limiting hole, and a measuring rod (6) is slidably connected inside the limiting hole. Multiple extrusion strips connected to the measuring rod (6) are installed on the inner wall of the limiting hole. An air pump is installed inside the integrated feedback plate (51), and the output end of the air pump is connected to the limiting airbag. A bracket (47) is installed at the top of the integrated plate (3), and a standard plate (48) is installed at one end of the bracket (47). The standard plate (48) is set on the lower side of the measuring rod (6).

8. The semi-automatic spherical surface grinding machine as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The measuring rod (6) is composed of an upper detection cavity and a lower detection cavity. Laser lamps are installed on the inner walls of both the upper and lower detection cavities, and a damping telescopic rod (61) is installed at the top of the laser lamp.

9. The semi-automatic spherical surface grinding machine as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The top of the measuring rod (6) is provided with a feedback cylinder (8), which is installed at the bottom of the integrated feedback plate (51). A transparent cover (81) is installed at the top of the feedback cylinder (8). The feedback cylinder (8) is composed of an upper feedback cavity and a lower feedback cavity. A scattering block is installed on the inner wall of the feedback cylinder (8). A fixed half ring (82) is installed in both the upper and lower feedback cavities. A light-transmitting hole (85) is opened in the upper part of the fixed half ring (82). A baffle plate is slidably connected to the light-transmitting hole (85). A sealing rod is installed at one end of the baffle plate. A sealing cylinder is slidably connected to the sealing rod on the fixed half ring (82).

10. The semi-automatic spherical surface grinding machine as described in claim 9, characterized in that, An upper abutment block (63) is installed around the damping telescopic rod (61) located in the upper feedback cavity. An upper airbag (84) is installed at the bottom end of the fixed half ring (82) located in the upper feedback cavity. A lower abutment block (62) is installed around the damping telescopic rod (61) located in the lower feedback cavity. A lower airbag (83) is installed at the top end of the fixed half ring (82) located in the lower feedback cavity. The sealing cylinder is connected to the lower airbag (83) and the upper airbag (84).

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