Electric vehicle battery compartment capable of automatically cutting off power in collision

Abstract

The collision self-power-off electric vehicle battery compartment comprises a battery compartment body and a battery compartment body mounting rack, and the battery compartment body is used for storing a battery and is provided with a power line which is detachably connected with the battery to introduce power to a motor; the battery compartment body mounting frame comprises two longitudinal beams, two cross beams for connecting the two longitudinal beams together and a longitudinal sliding rod connected between the two cross beams, the battery compartment body is connected to the longitudinal sliding rod in a sliding manner, the two sides of the battery compartment body are fixed together with the two longitudinal beams, a collision power-off switch is arranged in the battery compartment body, and the battery compartment body is connected with the battery compartment body through the collision power-off switch. And the collision power-off switch is used for stopping power supply of the battery when the battery compartment body mounting rack is collided in front-back and left-right directions. According to the collision self-power-off electric vehicle battery bin, the battery can stop power supply when collision occurs on any one of the front side, the rear side, the left side and the right side, and the problem that fire disasters are likely to be caused when electric appliance short circuits are generated due to the fact that a power source is not switched off after an existing vehicle collides is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of new energy vehicle chassis technology, and in particular to an electric vehicle battery compartment with automatic power disconnection upon collision. Background Technology

[0002] New energy vehicles typically use batteries as their power source. The batteries are located on the upper side of the vehicle's chassis and can also serve as a counterweight to improve the vehicle's operational stability.

[0003] For example, Chinese patent document CN2024112283912, published on November 12, 2024, discloses a chassis assembly for an electric commercial vehicle. In this assembly, a mid-frame connects the front and rear frames, with the front frame located in front of the mid-frame and the rear frame in front of it. The mid-frame and rear frame are at the same vertical height, while the front frame is lower than the mid-frame. The electric commercial vehicle includes a cab, which is fixedly mounted on the front frame. The power battery pack is fixedly mounted on the mid-frame and located below it. This configuration, with the main frame adopting a stepped structure that is lower at the front and higher at the rear, and the cab mounted on the front frame while the power battery pack is mounted on the bottom of the mid-frame, effectively lowers the vehicle's center of gravity, reduces the risk of rollover, and improves safety performance.

[0004] The shortcomings of existing technology are that when new energy vehicles are subjected to a large impact in a car accident, the batteries become connected, and due to short circuits, they are prone to fire, making them more difficult to rescue than traditional gasoline vehicles. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to provide an electric vehicle battery compartment that automatically cuts off power when a collision occurs on any side (front, rear, left, or right), thus solving the problem that existing vehicles, when the power supply remains on after a collision, can easily cause fires due to electrical short circuits.

[0006] The above technical problems are solved by the following technical solution: a collision-triggered power-off battery compartment for electric vehicles, comprising a battery compartment body for storing batteries and having a power cable detachably connected to the batteries to supply power to the motor. The battery compartment body mounting frame includes two longitudinal beams, two crossbeams connecting the two longitudinal beams, and a longitudinal slide bar connecting the two crossbeams. The battery compartment body is slidably connected to the longitudinal slide bar. Both sides of the battery compartment body are fixed to the two longitudinal beams. A collision-triggered power-off switch is provided inside the battery compartment body. This switch is used to stop the battery from supplying power when the battery compartment body mounting frame is subjected to a collision in the front, rear, left, or right directions. In use, the battery compartment body mounting frame is connected to the vehicle frame. When any collision occurs in the front, rear, left, or right directions causing the deformation of the battery compartment body mounting frame to exceed a set amount, the battery compartment body will cut off the battery power supply, thereby preventing a short circuit and battery combustion caused by the collision.

[0007] Preferably, the bottom wall of the battery compartment body is provided with a longitudinal clearance groove. The collision power-off switch includes a vertical insert, two transverse push rods with one end fixed to one of the two longitudinal beams, and two fixed rods with one end fixed to one of the two longitudinal sliding rods. The other ends of the two fixed rods are hinged to the lower ends of the two swing rods through longitudinal hinge pins. The upper ends of the swing rods are located in the longitudinal clearance groove, and the lower ends of the two swing rods are located between the two transverse push rods. Aligned with the horizontal push rod, the inner side of the swing arm is provided with a conductive plate for introducing electricity to the motor. Two conductive plates are provided on the vertical insertion post, connected to the power line of the battery compartment body. The swing arm clamps the vertical insertion post, and the conductive plates of the two swing arms abut against the conductive plates of the two insertion posts in a one-to-one correspondence. When the horizontal push rod moves towards the swing arm, it drives the swing arm to swing around the longitudinal hinge axis, causing the conductive plates of the swing arm to separate from the conductive plates of the insertion posts. When a longitudinal collision occurs, the longitudinal slide bar moves longitudinally relative to the battery compartment body, thereby disengaging the swing arm from the vertical insertion post and achieving power disconnection; when a lateral collision occurs, the horizontal push rod drives the swing arm to open, thereby disengaging the swing arm from the vertical insertion post and achieving power disconnection. This provides a specific technical solution for a collision-based power-off switch.

[0008] Preferably, the rocker arm and the drive rocker arm are aligned with a rocker arm closing spring about a longitudinal hinge axis, which prevents the vertical insertion pin from inserting longitudinally between the two rocker arms when they are in the closed state under the action of the spring. This allows the two rocker arms to automatically close after longitudinal movement and separation due to a collision, preventing the vertical insertion pin from re-inserting between the rocker arms after a secondary reverse collision, thus further improving safety during collisions.

[0009] Preferably, the battery compartment body includes a base and a housing detachably connected to the base. During use, the battery is installed in the housing. The clearance groove is located on the base, and the vertical insertion post is connected to the housing. When the two swing arms are in the closed state, the vertical insertion post can be inserted between the two swing arms. This improves the ease of repositioning the vertical insertion post between the swing arms.

[0010] Preferably, the swing arm has an inverted step, and the vertical insertion post has a hook. When the cabin is connected to the base and the vertical insertion post is located between the two swing arms, the hook engages with the inverted step to prevent the vertical insertion post from being pulled out from between the swing arms. This improves the reliability of the electrical connection between the vertical insertion post and the swing arm during vibration.

[0011] Preferably, the vertical insertion post is retractably connected to the lower surface of the cabin. The cabin is provided with an insertion post extension holding structure to maintain the vertical insertion post in the extended state. An insertion post retraction spring is provided between the base and the vertical insertion post to drive the vertical insertion post to retract into the cabin. This ensures that when a lateral collision occurs and the swing arm and the vertical insertion post disengage, the vertical insertion post is ejected by the insertion post retraction spring, preventing the vertical insertion post from automatically re-inserting between the swing arms after the swing arm closes. This improves the reliability of preventing electrical fires after a collision.

[0012] Preferably, the structure maintaining the extended state of the insert includes a pin, a horizontal through hole in the cabin, and a blocking hole in the vertical insert. When the pin passes through both the horizontal through hole and the blocking hole, the vertical insert remains in the extended state, with the outer end of the pin extending beyond the outer surface of the cabin. When the vertical insert is inserted between the swing arms and the pin is pulled out, the vertical insert automatically retracts after a collision causes it to break, thus reliably preventing secondary closure.

[0013] Preferably, the cabin body is provided with a vertical sliding hole, and the upper end of the vertical insertion post is provided with a sliding post that slides through the vertical sliding hole. The upper end of the vertical sliding hole is provided with a large-diameter section, and a positioning step is formed between the large-diameter section and the vertical sliding hole. The upper end of the sliding post is provided with an outward flange. When the outward flange is hooked onto the positioning step, the blocking hole is aligned with the horizontal through hole. This allows for easy alignment of the horizontal through hole with the blocking hole.

[0014] Preferably, the conductive sheet of the insertion post is connected to the conductive core located inside the vertical insertion post. The conductive core is exposed on the upper end face of the sliding post, and the power input wire of the battery compartment body extends into the large-diameter section and is welded to the portion of the conductive core exposed on the end face of the sliding post. This avoids interference from the wires with the movement of the vertical insertion post.

[0015] Preferably, the inner side of the longitudinal beam is provided with a support plate, and several connecting lugs overlapping the support plate are provided on both lateral sides of the battery compartment body. Each connecting lug has a laterally extending connecting groove that extends through the upper and lower surfaces of the connecting lug. Battery compartment body fixing bolts pass through the connecting grooves and are threaded onto the support plate, fixing the connecting lug to the support plate. In the event of a lateral collision and lateral deformation of the longitudinal beam, the support plate can generate a relative lateral displacement equivalent to the connecting lugs, thereby preventing the battery compartment body from being crushed. This improves safety.

[0016] Preferably, both sides of the two crossbeams are provided with vertically penetrating bent guide grooves, and the connection points of the two longitudinal sliding rods with the crossbeams are located between two laterally distributed bent guide grooves on the same crossbeam. This improves the reliability of the swing rod and the vertical insert detaching during longitudinal collisions.

[0017] With the above solution, when the new energy vehicle is subjected to a large impact force from the front, rear, left, or right, the new energy vehicle can be completely powered off when the impact force is transmitted to the battery compartment. This avoids the problem of fire caused by short circuits in the new energy vehicle and improves the rescue efficiency and safety of the new energy vehicle in the event of a car accident. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a top view of the present invention with the cabin removed; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A top view of a partially enlarged schematic diagram at point B; Figure 3 yes Figure 1 C-C sectional view; Figure 4 for Figure 3 A magnified view of a portion of point D.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Battery compartment body 2. Power cord 3. Longitudinal beam 6. Crossbeam 7. Longitudinal slide bar 8. Support plate 12. Connecting ear 13. Connecting groove 14. Battery compartment body fixing bolt 15. Base support 16. Cabin 17. Longitudinal clearance groove 18. Vertical insertion post 19. Transverse push rod 20. Fixing rod 21. Longitudinal hinge 37. Swing rod 22. Swing rod part conductive plate 23. Insertion post part conductive plate 24. Swing rod closing spring 25. Hook 26. Insertion post extension state maintenance structure 27. Insertion post retraction spring 28. Pin 29. Horizontal through hole 30. Blocking hole 31. Slide bar 32. Large diameter section 33. Outward flange 34. Conductive core 35. Bending guide groove 36. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0021] The terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, used in the specification and claims of this invention are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such as a method or product that includes a series of technical features, not necessarily limited to those technical features explicitly listed, but may also include other technical features that may be included in the method or product but not explicitly listed.

[0022] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the technical features defined by terms such as "first" and "second" which have a sequential concept are only used to clearly describe the defined technical features and to clearly distinguish the defined technical features from other technical features, and do not represent that they are named in this way in actual implementation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0023] See Figures 1 to 4 A collision-triggered power-off battery compartment for electric vehicles includes a battery compartment body 2 and a battery compartment body mounting frame. The battery compartment body stores the battery and has a power cable 3 detachably connected to the battery to supply power to the motor. The battery compartment body mounting frame includes two longitudinal beams 6, two transverse beams 7 connecting the two longitudinal beams, and a longitudinal slide bar 8 connecting the two transverse beams. The two sides of the battery compartment body are fixed to the two longitudinal beams. Specifically, the inner side of the longitudinal beams has a support plate 12, and the transverse sides of the battery compartment body have several connecting ears 13 that overlap the support plate. The connecting ears have transversely extending connecting grooves 14 that penetrate the upper and lower surfaces of the connecting ears. Battery compartment body fixing bolts 15 pass through the connecting grooves and are threaded onto the support plate to fix the connecting ears to the connecting plate. The battery compartment body has a collision-triggered power-off switch, which is used to stop the battery from supplying power to the electric vehicle when the frame is subjected to a collision in the front, rear, left, or right directions.

[0024] The battery compartment body includes a base 16 and a housing 17 detachably connected to the base. The battery is installed inside the housing during use. A longitudinal clearance groove 18 is provided on the bottom wall of the battery compartment body. The collision power-off switch includes a vertical insert 19, two transverse push rods 20 with one end fixed to each of two longitudinal beams, and two fixing rods 21 with one end fixed to each of two longitudinal sliding rods. The other ends of the two fixing rods are hinged to the lower ends of two swing rods 22 via longitudinal hinge pins 37. The upper ends of the swing rods are located within the longitudinal clearance grooves, and the lower ends of the two swing rods are located between and aligned with the transverse push rods. The inner side of the swing rods has a conductive plate 23 for introducing electricity to the motor. The vertical insert has two conductive plates 24 connected to the power line of the battery compartment body. The vertical insert is connected to the housing, and when the two swing rods are in the closed state, the vertical insert can be inserted between the two swing rods. The swing arms clamp the vertical plug, and the conductive plates on the swing arm sections of the two swing arms abut against the conductive plates on the plug sections one-to-one. When the fixed rod moves toward the swing arms, it drives the swing arms to swing around the longitudinal hinge axis, causing the conductive plates on the swing arm sections to separate from the conductive plates on the plug sections. When a longitudinal collision occurs, the longitudinal sliding rod moves longitudinally relative to the battery compartment body, thereby disengaging the swing arms from the vertical plugs and cutting off the power; when a lateral collision occurs, the lateral push rod drives the swing arms to open, thereby disengaging the swing arms from the vertical plugs and cutting off the power.

[0025] A swing arm closing spring 25, with the swing arm and drive swing arm aligned with the vertical insertion post along a longitudinal hinge axis, prevents the vertical insertion post from being inserted longitudinally between the two swing arms when they are in the closed state under the action of the spring. The swing arms have inverted steps, and the vertical insertion post has hooks 26. When the cabin is connected to the base and the vertical insertion post is located between the two swing arms, the hooks engage with the inverted steps, preventing the vertical insertion post from being pulled out from between the swing arms. The vertical insertion post is retractably connected to the lower surface of the cabin, and the cabin has an insertion post extension state maintaining structure 27 that keeps the vertical insertion post in the extended state. An insertion post retraction spring 28, which drives the vertical insertion post to retract into the cabin, is located between the base and the vertical insertion post. The structure maintaining the extended position of the insertion post includes a pin 29, a horizontal through hole 30 in the housing, and a blocking hole 31 in the vertical insertion post. When the pin is simultaneously inserted into both the horizontal through hole and the blocking hole, the vertical insertion post remains in the extended position, with the outer end of the pin extending beyond the outer surface of the housing. A vertical sliding hole is provided inside the housing. A sliding post 32, which slides through the vertical sliding hole, is located at the upper end of the vertical insertion post. A large-diameter section 33 is located at the upper end of the vertical sliding hole, forming a positioning step between the large-diameter section and the vertical sliding hole. An outwardly flanged edge 34 is located at the upper end of the sliding post. When the outwardly flanged edge is engaged with the positioning step, the blocking hole aligns with the horizontal through hole. The conductive sheet of the insertion post is connected to the conductive core 35 located inside the vertical insertion post. The conductive core is exposed on the upper end face of the sliding post. The power input wire of the battery compartment extends into the large-diameter section and is welded to the portion of the conductive core exposed on the end face of the sliding post. Both sides of the two crossbeams are provided with vertically penetrating bending guide grooves 36, and the connection points of the two longitudinal sliding rods with the crossbeams are located between two horizontally distributed bending guide grooves on the same crossbeam.

Claims

1. A collision-triggered self-power-off battery compartment for an electric vehicle, comprising a battery compartment body, the battery compartment body being used to store a battery and having a power line detachably connected to the battery for supplying power to the motor, characterized in that, It also includes a battery compartment mounting frame, which comprises two longitudinal beams, two transverse beams connecting the two longitudinal beams, and a longitudinal slide rod connecting the two transverse beams. The battery compartment body is slidably connected to the longitudinal slide rod. The two sides of the battery compartment body are fixed to the two longitudinal beams. A collision power-off switch is provided inside the battery compartment body. The collision power-off switch is used to stop the battery from supplying power when the battery compartment mounting frame is subjected to a collision in the front-back or left-right direction. A longitudinal clearance groove is provided on the bottom wall of the battery compartment body. The collision power-off switch includes a vertical insert, two transverse push rods with one end fixed to the two longitudinal beams respectively, and two transverse slide rods with one end fixed to the two longitudinal slide rods respectively. The fixed rods have their other ends hinged to the lower ends of two swing rods via longitudinal hinge shafts. The upper ends of the swing rods are located within the longitudinal clearance grooves, and the lower ends of the two swing rods are located between and aligned with the two transverse push rods. The inner side of each swing rod has a conductive plate for introducing electricity to the motor. Two conductive plates are provided on the vertical insertion post, connected to the power lines of the battery compartment body. The swing rods clamp the vertical insertion post, and the conductive plates of the two swing rods abut against the conductive plates of the two insertion posts. When the transverse push rod moves towards the swing rod, it drives the swing rod to swing about the longitudinal hinge shaft, causing the conductive plates of the swing rod to separate from the conductive plates of the insertion posts. In the event of a longitudinal collision, the longitudinal slide bar moves longitudinally relative to the battery compartment body, causing the swing rod to disengage from the vertical insertion post and thus disconnecting the power. In the event of a transverse collision, the transverse push rod drives the swing rod to open, causing the swing rod to disengage from the vertical insertion post and thus disconnecting the power.

2. The electric vehicle battery compartment with self-disconnecting power upon collision as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The rocker arm and the drive rocker arm are aligned with the vertical insertion post by a rocker arm closing spring with the longitudinal hinge axis as the axis. When the two rocker arms are in the closed state under the action of the spring, they can prevent the vertical insertion post from being inserted longitudinally between the two rocker arms.

3. The electric vehicle battery compartment with automatic power disconnection upon collision as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The battery compartment body includes a base and a compartment detachably connected to the base. When in use, the battery is installed in the compartment. The clearance groove is provided on the base. The vertical insertion post is connected to the compartment. When the two swing arms are in the closed state, the vertical insertion post can be inserted between the two swing arms.

4. The electric vehicle battery compartment with automatic power disconnection upon collision as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The swing arm is provided with an inverted step, and the vertical insertion post is provided with a hook. When the cabin is connected to the base and the vertical insertion post is located between the two swing arms, the hook is engaged with the inverted step to prevent the vertical insertion post from being pulled out from between the swing arms.

5. The electric vehicle battery compartment with self-disconnecting power upon collision as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The vertical insert is retractably connected to the lower surface of the cabin. The cabin is equipped with an insert extension holding structure to keep the vertical insert in the extended state. A insert retraction spring is provided between the base and the vertical insert to drive the vertical insert to retract into the cabin. When a lateral collision occurs and the swing arm and the vertical insert separate, the vertical insert is ejected by the insert retraction spring, thus preventing the vertical insert from automatically inserting itself back into the swing arm after the swing arm is closed.

6. The electric vehicle battery compartment with self-disconnecting power upon collision as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The structure for maintaining the extended state of the insertion post includes a pin, a horizontal through hole in the cabin, and a blocking hole in the vertical insertion post. When the pin is simultaneously inserted into the horizontal through hole and the blocking hole, the vertical insertion post is maintained in the extended state, and the outer end of the pin extends out of the outer surface of the cabin.

7. The electric vehicle battery compartment with self-disconnecting power upon collision as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The cabin body is provided with a vertical sliding hole, and the upper end of the vertical insertion post is provided with a sliding post that slides through the vertical sliding hole. The upper end of the vertical sliding hole is provided with a large diameter section, and a positioning step is formed between the large diameter section and the vertical sliding hole. The upper end of the sliding post is provided with an outward flange. When the outward flange is hooked onto the positioning step, the blocking hole is aligned with the horizontal through hole.

8. The electric vehicle battery compartment with self-disconnecting power upon collision as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The conductive sheet of the insertion post is connected to the conductive core located inside the vertical insertion post. The conductive core is exposed on the upper end face of the slide post. The power lead wire of the battery compartment body extends into the large diameter section and is welded to the part of the conductive core exposed on the end face of the slide post.

9. The electric vehicle battery compartment with automatic power disconnection upon collision according to claim 1, 2, or 3, characterized in that, The inner side of the longitudinal beam is provided with a support plate. Both sides of the battery compartment body are provided with several connecting ears that overlap the support plate. The connecting ears are provided with transversely extending connecting grooves. The connecting grooves penetrate the upper and lower surfaces of the connecting ears. The battery compartment body fixing bolts pass through the connecting grooves and are threaded onto the support plate to fix the connecting ears to the connecting plate.

10. The electric vehicle battery compartment with automatic power disconnection upon collision according to claim 1, 2, or 3, characterized in that, Both of the two crossbeams are provided with vertically penetrating bending guide grooves on both the front and rear sides. The connection points of the two longitudinal sliding rods with the crossbeams are located between two horizontally distributed bending guide grooves on the same crossbeam.

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