Respirator of tread cleaning device for revival high-speed motor train unit

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of motor train tread cleaning devices, and discloses a tread cleaning device breathing device for a revival number high-speed motor train unit, which comprises a shell detachably mounted on external equipment through a bottom screw hole, and further comprises a rear end cover fixedly connected with the tail part of the shell through a bolt, a front end cover is in threaded connection with the interior of a head port of the shell, and a pull rod used for conveying gas is fixedly installed on the rear end cover in a penetrating mode. According to the breathing device of the tread cleaning device for the reviving number high-speed motor train unit, the filtering protection structure of the piston rod is arranged, external sundries and chippings can be effectively prevented from making contact with the piston rod of the tread cleaning device to generate scratches, meanwhile, the filtering protection structure can be cleaned through exhaust, exhausted gas can effectively dissipate heat of a grinding block, and the service life of the grinding block is prolonged. Therefore, the risk of local deformation of the surface of the grinder is reduced, adverse effects on tread cleaning are prevented, and the device can automatically keep the distance between the grinder and the motor car tread.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of tread cleaning devices for high-speed trains, specifically a breathing device for a tread cleaning device used in Fuxing high-speed trains. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of my country's high-speed railway network, high-speed trains, with their high speed, safety, and comfort, have become the mainstream mode of transportation. The operational safety of high-speed trains is directly related to the safety of people's lives and property, and the wheel-rail relationship is one of the core factors affecting train operation safety. In the wheel-rail system, the condition of the wheel tread (i.e., the road surface in contact with the rail) is crucial. During train operation, especially in rainy, snowy, wet, or leafy seasons, a thin layer of contaminants, such as oil, water film, oxide film, or third media (dust, leaf sap, etc.), can easily form between the wheel tread and the rail due to slippage or emergency braking. This layer significantly reduces the adhesion coefficient (i.e., friction) between the wheel and rail, leading to a series of safety problems. Furthermore, as the operating speed of high-speed trains increases, the wear and vibration conditions between the wheels and rails intensify, leading to non-circular wheel wear (wheel polygonal shape), which in turn causes abnormal vehicle vibration, noise, and the risk of loosening, detachment, and cracking of bogie components. Therefore, it is necessary to maintain the high-speed train tread using tread cleaning devices. However, existing tread cleaning devices still have some problems: In commercially available tread cleaning devices, the piston rod is prone to scratches from external debris and debris, leading to overall leakage of the tread cleaning device. Furthermore, the device has difficulty in effectively dissipating heat from the grinding wheel, and prolonged high temperatures may cause localized deformation of the grinding wheel surface, thus adversely affecting tread cleaning.

[0003] To address the aforementioned issues, there is an urgent need for innovative design based on the existing tread cleaning device. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a breathing device for the tread cleaning device of the Fuxing high-speed train, in order to solve the following problems of existing tread cleaning devices mentioned in the background art: In the tread cleaning devices on the market, the piston rod is easily scratched by external debris and debris, which leads to the piston rod of the tread cleaning device being scratched during operation, resulting in the overall leakage of the tread cleaning device. In addition, the device is difficult to effectively dissipate heat from the grinding wheel, and long-term high temperature may cause local deformation of the grinding wheel surface, which will have an adverse effect on tread cleaning.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a breathing device for a tread cleaning device of a Fuxing high-speed train, comprising: The housing, which can be detachably installed on external equipment via a bottom screw hole, further includes: a rear end cover fixedly connected to the tail of the housing by bolts, and a front end cover internally threaded to the head end of the housing; a pull rod for conveying gas is fixedly and continuously installed on the rear end cover; a stopper rod is coaxially arranged on the outer side of the pull rod; one end of the stopper rod is located near the rear end cover, and the other end of the stopper rod is fixedly connected to a filter exhaust mechanism; a dust cover mounting ring is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the front end cover; and a stopper rod is coaxially fitted on the inner wall of the front end cover.

[0006] Preferably, a mounting plate is slidably connected to the outer wall of the pull rod near the rear end cover, and the outer wall of the mounting plate is coaxially fixedly connected to the inner wall of the plug rod. A return spring is sleeved on the outer side of the pull rod, and the two ends of the return spring are respectively fixedly connected to the mounting plate and the air pressure plug seat. When the return spring returns to its original position, it can push the mounting plate to move. The end of the pull rod away from the mounting plate is fixedly inserted through the air pressure plug seat, and the side wall of the air pressure plug seat is fitted against the inner wall of the plug rod to play a sealing role, so that the return spring can push the mounting plate to move.

[0007] Preferably, a through air passage is provided at the internal axis of the pull rod, and the air outlet of the air passage is located at the end of the air pressure plug seat away from the return spring, and the air inlet of the air passage is located inside the rear end cover. The high-pressure gas delivered inside the pull rod drives the plug rod to move. A threaded mounting cylinder is inserted into the top of the housing, and a control rod is slidably provided through the inner wall of the mounting cylinder. A connecting cover is coaxially fixedly connected to the top of the control rod, and the connecting cover is slidably sleeved on the top of the mounting cylinder, so that the connecting cover can drive the control rod to move.

[0008] Preferably, a pressure spring is fixedly connected between the bottom of the control rod and the top inner wall of the mounting cylinder. A toothed rod is coaxially fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the control rod. The rod body slides through the mounting cylinder and the housing. A one-way rack is provided directly below the teeth of the toothed rod, forming a one-way limiting structure. The cross-section of the one-way rack is arc-shaped. The one-way rack is slidably embedded in the mounting groove opened on the side wall of the stopper rod. The axis of the one-way rack is parallel to the axis of the stopper rod. The top of the one-way rack is in contact with the inner wall of the housing. The end of the one-way rack does not contact the inner wall of the stopper rod, so that the pressure spring can push the one-way rack to move.

[0009] Preferably, a support frame is fixedly installed on the top of the side of the housing near the front end cover. A vertically arranged cylinder is fixedly connected to the top of the support frame, and a horizontal guide frame is fixedly connected to the moving end of the cylinder. The cylinder drives the guide frame to move directionally on the support frame. The guide frame has a "+" shaped structure and is slidably embedded in the vertical groove of the support frame. A pull frame is inserted into the inner wall of the guide frame, and the branch head at the end of the pull frame passes through the through groove at the bottom of the guide frame, so that the guide frame can move on the support frame.

[0010] Preferably, the filtration and exhaust mechanism includes a loading head, with a dust cover coaxially fixedly connected to the end of the loading head away from the front end cover. The dust cover is fitted over the outside of the plug rod for protection. One side of the loading head is fixedly connected to the end of the plug rod, and the other side of the loading head is inserted into the mounting sleeve of the grinding element. The loading head and the mounting sleeve of the grinding element are detachably installed by bolts. A control cylinder is fixedly embedded in the inner wall of the loading head, and a branch of the pulling frame slides through the control cylinder and the top of the loading head. A rubber sleeve is fixedly connected between the side wall of the branch of the pulling frame and the outer wall of the loading head, allowing the pulling frame to move on the loading head.

[0011] Preferably, the air inlet pipe of the control cylinder and the inner wall air chamber of the plug rod are connected. A sealing plug is fitted to the bottom of the inner wall of the control cylinder and is located between the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe of the control cylinder. The top of the sealing plug is coaxially fixedly connected to the end of the branch head of the pulling frame, and a three-way hole is opened on the side of the sealing plug near the air outlet pipe. A return pipe is provided below the control cylinder, and both ends of the return pipe are fixedly connected to the loading head, so that the sealing plug can move inside the control cylinder.

[0012] Preferably, the bottom of the loading head is provided with a breathing duct, and one side port of the breathing duct is located inside the dust cover, while the other side of the breathing duct is connected to the return pipe. A connector is provided on the side of the breathing duct, and the port of the connector is connected to the breathing duct. A filter screen and a filter element are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the connector. The filter screen is made of resin material, and the filter element is made of stainless steel material, so that the airflow in the breathing duct can enter the connector.

[0013] Preferably, a heat dissipation block is fixedly embedded on the inner wall of the grinding stone, and a heat dissipation channel is formed on the side wall of the heat dissipation block, and the heat dissipation channel is located inside the grinding stone. A first air channel and a second air channel are formed on the upper and lower sides of the heat dissipation block, respectively. The upper end of the heat dissipation channel and the air outlet pipe of the control cylinder are respectively connected to the two sides of the first air channel, and the upper end of the return pipe and the lower end of the heat dissipation channel are respectively connected to the two sides of the second air channel, so that the hot air in the heat dissipation block can flow into the return pipe.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The breathing device of the Fuxing high-speed train tread cleaning device has a filter and protection structure with a piston rod, which can effectively prevent external debris and debris from contacting the piston rod of the tread cleaner and causing scratches. At the same time, it can clean the filter and protection structure through exhaust gas, and the exhaust gas can effectively dissipate heat from the grinding wheel, thereby reducing the risk of local deformation of the grinding wheel surface and preventing adverse effects on tread cleaning. The device can automatically maintain the distance between the grinding wheel and the tread of the train. The specific details are as follows: 1. A dust cover is coaxially fixed to the end of the loading head, away from the front cover. A breathing channel is provided at the bottom of the loading head. One side of the breathing channel is inside the dust cover, and the other side of the breathing channel is connected to the return pipe. A connecting joint is provided on the side of the breathing channel, and the port of the connecting joint is connected to the breathing channel. A filter screen and a filter element are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the connecting joint. When the stopper moves, the dust cover can isolate the stopper from the external environment, thereby preventing debris from contacting the stopper. At the same time, the filter screen and filter element can filter the gas entering and leaving the breathing channel. The breathing airflow inside the dust cover has a certain cooling effect on the entire device. 2. The air inlet pipe of the control cylinder is connected to the air chamber inside the piston rod. A sealing plug is fitted to the bottom of the inner wall of the control cylinder, and the sealing plug is located between the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe of the control cylinder. A return pipe is set below the control cylinder, and both ends of the return pipe are fixedly connected to the loading head. A heat sink is fixedly embedded on the inner wall of the grinding stone. A heat dissipation channel is opened on the side wall of the heat sink. A first air channel and a second air channel are opened on the upper and lower sides of the heat sink, respectively. The upper end of the heat dissipation channel and the air outlet pipe of the control cylinder are connected to the two sides of the first air channel, respectively. The upper end of the return pipe and the lower end of the heat dissipation channel are connected to the two sides of the second air channel, respectively. When the sealing plug moves upward, the high-pressure gas in the piston rod will pass through the first air channel, the heat dissipation channel and the second air channel in sequence, thereby carrying away the heat on the grinding stone. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall external structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the plug rod mounting structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the rear cover mounting structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the support frame installation structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the dust cover installation structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the tie rod installation structure of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the unidirectional rack and pinion mounting structure of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the loading head mounting structure of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the control cylinder mounting structure of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the heat sink mounting structure of the present invention.

[0016] In the diagram: 1. Housing; 2. Plug rod; 3. Pull rod; 4. Mounting plate; 5. Pneumatic plug seat; 6. Return spring; 7. Rear end cover; 8. One-way rack; 9. Gear; 10. Pressure spring; 11. Mounting cylinder; 12. Control rod; 13. Connecting cover; 14. Support frame; 15. Cylinder; 16. Guide frame; 17. Pulling frame; 18. Rubber sleeve; 19. Filter exhaust mechanism; 1901. Loading head; 1902. Control cylinder; 1903. Sealing plug; 1904. T-hole; 1905. Breathing passage; 1906. Connecting joint; 1907. Filter screen; 1908. Filter element; 1909. Return pipe; 20. Dust cover; 21. Grinding stone; 22. Heat sink; 23. First air passage; 24. Heat sink; 25. Second air passage; 26. Front end cover. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] Please see Figures 1-10 This invention provides a technical solution: a breathing device for a tread cleaning device used in a Fuxing high-speed train, comprising: The housing 1, which can be detachably installed on external equipment through the bottom screw hole, also includes: a rear end cover 7 fixedly connected to the tail of the housing 1 by bolts, and a front end cover 26 internally threaded to the head port of the housing 1; a pull rod 3 for conveying gas is fixedly installed through the rear end cover 7; a stop rod 2 is coaxially arranged on the outer side of the pull rod 3; one end of the stop rod 2 is located close to the rear end cover 7; and the other end of the stop rod 2 is fixedly connected to a filter exhaust mechanism 19; a dust cover 20 mounting ring is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the front end cover 26; and the stop rod 2 is coaxially fitted on the inner wall of the front end cover 26.

[0019] A through-air passage is provided at the internal axis of the pull rod 3, and the air outlet of the air passage is located at the end of the air pressure plug seat 5 away from the return spring 6. The air inlet of the air passage is located inside the rear cover 7. The high-pressure gas delivered in the pull rod 3 pushes the plug rod 2 to move. A threaded mounting cylinder 11 is inserted into the top of the housing 1. A control rod 12 is slidably installed through the inner wall of the mounting cylinder 11. A connecting cover 13 is coaxially fixedly connected to the top of the control rod 12, and the connecting cover 13 is slidably sleeved on the top of the mounting cylinder 11, so that the gas in the rear cover 7 can enter the pull rod 3. A mounting plate 4 is slidably connected to the outer wall of the pull rod 3 near the rear cover 7, and the outer wall of the mounting plate 4 is coaxially fixedly connected to the inner wall of the plug rod 2. A return spring 6 is sleeved on the outer side of the pull rod 3, and the two ends of the return spring 6 are respectively fixedly connected to the mounting plate 4 and the air pressure plug seat 5. When the return spring 6 returns to its original position, it can push the mounting plate 4 to move. The end of the pull rod 3 away from the mounting plate 4 is fixedly installed through the air pressure plug seat 5, and the gas... The side wall of the pressure plug seat 5 is fitted against the inner wall of the plug rod 2 to provide a sealing function. When high-pressure gas is introduced into the pull rod 3, the mounting plate 4 will drive the plug rod 2 to move, and the mounting plate 4 will compress the return spring 6. A pressure spring 10 is fixedly connected between the bottom of the control rod 12 and the top inner wall of the mounting cylinder 11. A toothed rod 9 is coaxially fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the control rod 12. The rod body of the toothed rod 9 slides through the mounting cylinder 11 and the housing 1, and a one-way rack is provided directly below the teeth of the toothed rod 9. 8. The two form a one-way limiting structure, and the cross-section of the one-way rack 8 is an arc-shaped structure. The one-way rack 8 is slidably embedded in the mounting groove opened on the side wall of the stopper rod 2, and the axis of the one-way rack 8 is parallel to the axis of the stopper rod 2. The top of the one-way rack 8 is attached to the inner wall of the housing 1, and the end of the one-way rack 8 does not contact the inner wall of the stopper rod 2. At this time, the pressure spring 10 can apply pressure to the control rod 12, and the rack 9 can perform one-way limiting on the one-way rack 8 on the stopper rod 2.

[0020] A support frame 14 is fixedly mounted on the top of the housing 1 near the front cover 26. A vertically arranged cylinder 15 is fixedly connected to the top of the support frame 14, and a horizontal guide frame 16 is fixedly connected to the moving end of the cylinder 15. The cylinder 15 drives the guide frame 16 to move directionally on the support frame 14. The guide frame 16 has a "+" shaped structure and is slidably embedded in the vertical groove of the support frame 14. A pulling frame 17 is inserted into the inner wall of the guide frame 16, and the branch head at the end of the pulling frame 17 passes through the through groove at the bottom of the guide frame 16, so that the cylinder 15 can drive the pulling frame 17 to move upward through the guide frame 16. The filter exhaust mechanism 19 includes a loading head 1901. A dust cover 20 is coaxially fixedly connected to the end of the loading head 1901 away from the front end cover 26, and the dust cover 20 is sleeved on the outside of the stopper rod 2 for protection. One side of the loading head 1901 is fixedly connected to the end of the stopper rod 2, and the other side of the loading head 1901 is inserted into the mounting sleeve of the grinding tool 21. The loading head 1901 and the mounting sleeve of the grinding tool 21 are detachably installed by bolts. A control cylinder 1902 is fixedly embedded in the inner wall of the loading head 1901, and the top of the control cylinder 1902 and the loading head 1901 are slidably connected by a branch head of the pulling frame 17. The side wall of the branch head of the pulling frame 17 and the outer wall of the loading head 1901 are fixedly connected by a... Rubber sleeve 18, at this time the pulling frame 17 will move on the loading head 1901. Since the air inlet pipe of the control cylinder 1902 and the inner wall air chamber of the plug rod 2 are connected, a sealing plug 1903 is attached to the bottom of the inner wall of the control cylinder 1902, and the sealing plug 1903 is located between the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe of the control cylinder 1902. The top of the sealing plug 1903 is coaxially fixedly connected to the end of the branch head of the pulling frame 17, and a three-way hole 1904 is opened on the side of the sealing plug 1903 near the air outlet pipe. A return pipe 1909 is provided below the control cylinder 1902, and both ends of the return pipe 1909 are fixedly connected to the loading head 1901. At this time, the pulling frame 17 will drive the sealing plug. 1903 moves synchronously, allowing the gas in the stopper 2 to enter the control cylinder 1902. A heat sink 22 is fixedly embedded on the inner wall of the grinding tool 21. A heat sink 24 is opened on the side wall of the heat sink 22, and the heat sink 24 is located inside the grinding tool 21. A first air passage 23 and a second air passage 25 are opened on the upper and lower sides of the heat sink 22, respectively. The upper end of the heat sink 24 and the air outlet pipe of the control cylinder 1902 are connected to the two sides of the first air passage 23, respectively. The upper end of the return pipe 1909 and the lower end of the heat sink 24 are connected to the two sides of the second air passage 25, respectively. The gas in the control cylinder 1902 can enter the heat sink 22, and the airflow is used to dissipate heat from the grinding tool 21.

[0021] The bottom of the loading head 1901 is provided with a breathing duct 1905, and one side port of the breathing duct 1905 is located inside the dust cover 20. The other side of the breathing duct 1905 is connected to the return pipe 1909. A connector 1906 is provided on the side of the breathing duct 1905. The port of the connector 1906 is connected to the breathing duct 1905. A filter screen 1907 and a filter element 1908 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the connector 1906. The filter screen 1907 is made of resin material, and the filter element 1908 is made of stainless steel material. Outside air can enter the dust cover 20 through the connector 1906, and the filter screen 1907 and the filter element 1908 can filter the outside air.

[0022] Working principle: When using the breathing device of the tread cleaning device on the Fuxing high-speed train, first refer to... Figures 1-10 The user installs the device on an external device through the mounting screw holes at the bottom of the housing 1. When cleaning the train tread surface is required, the external air pressure pipe sends high-pressure gas into the pull rod 3 through the rear end cover 7. The gas in the pull rod 3 enters the end of the stopper rod 2. At this time, the stopper rod 2 will move under the push of the air pressure, which will drive the mounting plate 4 to move. The mounting plate 4 will compress the return spring 6. At the same time, the stopper rod 2 will drive the grinding disc 21 towards the power tread surface for cleaning operation through the loading head 1901. 1 will pull one end of the dust cover 20 to move synchronously. Since the inner wall of the stopper rod 2 does not contact the end of the one-way rack 8, and the teeth of the rack 9 are pressed tightly on the one-way rack 8, the stopper rod 2 will drive the one-way rack 8 to move after a certain distance. The one-way rack 8 will limit the movement of the one-way rack 8 in one direction. When the grinding tool 21 is cleaned and the stopper rod 2 is reset and moved, the stopper rod 2 will be limited by the one-way rack 8 after moving a certain distance, so that the distance between the grinding tool 21 and the tread of the train is kept constant. During the movement of the stopper rod 2, the dust cover 20 moves synchronously, protecting the stopper rod 2 from damage caused by external debris. At this time, the gas inside the dust cover 20 can freely enter and exit through the breathing duct 1905 and the connector 1906, improving the overall heat dissipation of the device. The filter screen 1907 and filter element 1908 inside the connector 1906 filter the passing gas. During the process of the stopper rod 2 returning to its original position, the device controls the cylinder 15 to start. The cylinder 15 will drive the pulling frame 17 upward through the guide frame 16. At this time, the pulling frame 17 will drive the sealing plug 1903 upward, causing the sealing plug 1903 to no longer... The airflow channel inside the sealed control cylinder 1902 is opened. At this time, the gas in the plug rod 2 will flow into the first air passage 23 at the top of the heat sink 22 through the control cylinder 1902. At this time, the return spring 6 can push the plug rod 2 to move back to its original position through the mounting plate 4. The gas in the first air passage 23 will flow into the second air passage 25 through the heat sink 24. The airflow in the heat sink 24 can accelerate the heat dissipation of the grinding wheel 21. The gas in the second air passage 25 will be discharged through the connector 1906. The discharged gas can clean the connector 1906. When the plug rod 2 needs to be completely returned to its original position, the control rod 12 is pulled upward through the connecting cover 13. The toothed rod 9 at the bottom of the control rod 12 no longer limits the one-way rack 8 in one direction.

[0023] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more; the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," "front end," "rear end," "head," "tail," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0024] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0025] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A breathing device for a tread cleaning system on a Fuxing high-speed train, comprising: The housing (1) is detachably mounted on an external device via a bottom screw hole, characterized in that it further includes: a rear end cover (7) is fixedly connected to the tail of the housing (1) by bolts, and a front end cover (26) is internally threaded to the head port of the housing (1); a pull rod (3) for conveying gas is fixedly installed through the rear end cover (7); a stop rod (2) is coaxially arranged on the outer side of the pull rod (3); one end of the stop rod (2) is located close to the rear end cover (7); and a filter exhaust mechanism (19) is fixedly connected to the other end of the stop rod (2); a mounting ring of a dust cover (20) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the front end cover (26); and a stop rod (2) is coaxially fitted on the inner wall of the front end cover (26).

2. The breathing device of the tread cleaning device for Fuxing high-speed train according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pull rod (3) is slidably connected to the outer wall of the side near the rear end cover (7), and the outer wall of the mounting plate (4) is coaxially fixedly connected to the inner wall of the plug rod (2). The pull rod (3) is sleeved with a return spring (6), and the two ends of the return spring (6) are respectively fixedly connected to the mounting plate (4) and the air pressure plug seat (5). When the return spring (6) is reset, it can push the mounting plate (4) to move. The end of the pull rod (3) away from the mounting plate (4) is fixedly inserted through the air pressure plug seat (5), and the side wall of the air pressure plug seat (5) is attached to the inner wall of the plug rod (2) to play a sealing role.

3. The breathing device of the tread cleaning device for Fuxing high-speed train according to claim 2, characterized in that: A through air passage is provided at the internal axis of the pull rod (3), and the air outlet of the air passage is located at the end of the air pressure plug seat (5) away from the return spring (6), and the air inlet of the air passage is located inside the rear cover (7). The high pressure gas delivered in the pull rod (3) pushes the plug rod (2) to move. A threaded mounting cylinder (11) is inserted into the top of the housing (1). A control rod (12) is slidably provided through the inner wall of the mounting cylinder (11). A connecting cover (13) is coaxially fixedly connected to the top of the control rod (12), and the connecting cover (13) is slidably sleeved on the top of the mounting cylinder (11).

4. The breathing device of the tread cleaning device for Fuxing high-speed train according to claim 3, characterized in that: A pressure spring (10) is fixedly connected between the bottom of the control rod (12) and the top inner wall of the mounting cylinder (11). A rack (9) is coaxially fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the control rod (12). The rack (9) slides through the mounting cylinder (11) and the housing (1). A one-way rack (8) is provided directly below the teeth of the rack (9). The two form a one-way limiting structure. The cross section of the one-way rack (8) is an arc-shaped structure. The one-way rack (8) is slidably embedded in the mounting groove opened on the side wall of the stopper rod (2). The axis of the one-way rack (8) is parallel to the axis of the stopper rod (2). The top of the one-way rack (8) is attached to the inner wall of the housing (1). The end of the one-way rack (8) does not contact the inner wall of the stopper rod (2).

5. The breathing device of the tread cleaning device for Fuxing high-speed train according to claim 1, characterized in that: A support frame (14) is fixedly installed on the top of the side of the housing (1) near the front cover (26). A vertically arranged cylinder (15) is fixedly connected to the top of the support frame (14), and a horizontal guide frame (16) is fixedly connected to the moving end of the cylinder (15). The cylinder (15) drives the guide frame (16) to move in a direction on the support frame (14). The guide frame (16) has a "+" shaped structure and is slidably embedded in the vertical groove of the support frame (14). A pull frame (17) is inserted into the inner wall of the guide frame (16), and the branch head at the end of the pull frame (17) passes through the through groove at the bottom of the guide frame (16).

6. The breathing device of the tread cleaning device for Fuxing high-speed train according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter exhaust mechanism (19) includes a loading head (1901). The end of the loading head (1901) is coaxially fixedly connected to a dust cover (20) away from the front end cover (26). The dust cover (20) is sleeved on the outside of the plug rod (2) for protection. One side of the loading head (1901) is fixedly connected to the end of the plug rod (2), and the other side of the loading head (1901) is inserted into the mounting sleeve of the grinding tool (21). The loading head (1901) and the mounting sleeve of the grinding tool (21) are detachably installed by bolts. A control cylinder (1902) is fixedly embedded on the inner wall of the loading head (1901). The top of the control cylinder (1902) and the loading head (1901) are slidably connected through the branch head of the pull frame (17). A rubber sleeve (18) is fixedly connected between the side wall of the branch head of the pull frame (17) and the outer wall of the loading head (1901).

7. The breathing device of the tread cleaning device for Fuxing high-speed train according to claim 6, characterized in that: The air inlet pipe of the control cylinder (1902) is connected to the air chamber of the inner wall of the plug rod (2). A sealing plug (1903) is attached to the bottom of the inner wall of the control cylinder (1902), and the sealing plug (1903) is located between the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe of the control cylinder (1902). The top of the sealing plug (1903) is coaxially fixedly connected to the end of the branch head of the pull frame (17), and a three-way hole (1904) is opened on the side of the sealing plug (1903) near the air outlet pipe. A return pipe (1909) is provided below the control cylinder (1902), and both ends of the return pipe (1909) are fixedly connected to the loading head (1901).

8. The breathing device of the tread cleaning device for Fuxing high-speed train according to claim 7, characterized in that: The bottom of the loading head (1901) is provided with a breathing channel (1905), and one side port of the breathing channel (1905) is inside the dust cover (20), and the other side of the breathing channel (1905) is connected to the return pipe (1909). A connector (1906) is provided on the side of the breathing channel (1905), and the port of the connector (1906) is connected to the breathing channel (1905). A filter screen (1907) and a filter element (1908) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the connector (1906). The filter screen (1907) is made of resin material, and the filter element (1908) is made of stainless steel material.

9. The breathing device of the tread cleaning device for the Fuxing high-speed train according to claim 8, characterized in that: A heat sink (22) is fixedly embedded on the inner wall of the grinding tool (21). A heat sink channel (24) is opened on the side wall of the heat sink (22), and the heat sink channel (24) is located inside the grinding tool (21). A first air channel (23) and a second air channel (25) are opened on the upper and lower sides of the heat sink (22). The upper end of the heat sink channel (24) and the air outlet pipe of the control cylinder (1902) are respectively connected to the two sides of the first air channel (23). The upper end of the return pipe (1909) and the lower end of the heat sink channel (24) are respectively connected to the two sides of the second air channel (25).

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