Flow-state filling material based on synergistic modification of oil sludge residue loaded water glass and preparation method of flow-state filling material

Abstract

The invention provides a flow state filling material based on synergistic modification of oil sludge slag loaded water glass and a preparation method thereof, the material is composed of muck, oil sludge slag, cement, blast furnace slag, water glass and water, and the water glass is pre-loaded in pores of the oil sludge slag to form composite powder and then mixed with other components. The preparation method comprises the following steps: compounding a water glass solution and the oil sludge residues according to a specific ratio, and drying to obtain water glass-loaded powder C; and mixing the powder C, the powder A consisting of cement and slag and the muck, and finally adding quantitative water for stirring and forming. According to the preparation method disclosed by the invention, the porous structure of the oil sludge residues is utilized to load the water glass, so that the negative influence of direct addition of the water glass on the fluidity is effectively relieved while the advantage of enhancing the strength of the material by the water glass is exerted, and the prepared flow-state filling material has good fluidity and relatively high early strength; and efficient resource utilization of various solid wastes such as the muck and the oil sludge residues is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of filling material preparation technology, and more specifically, to a fluidized filling material based on the synergistic modification of oil sludge with water glass and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid advancement of urbanization and industrialization in my country, various construction sites generate a large amount of construction waste. Traditional methods of waste disposal, such as simple backfilling or dumping, not only occupy a large amount of land resources but also fail to meet the current policy orientation of green and sustainable development. Therefore, promoting the high-value-added resource utilization of construction waste and realizing "turning waste into treasure" has become an important research direction in the industry. Currently, the main ways to utilize construction waste include preparing blocks, artificial aggregates, and solidified soil. However, the engineering properties of construction waste vary significantly by region. Especially in the southeastern coastal areas of China, construction waste generally has the characteristics of high moisture content and high clay content. Existing resource utilization methods usually require pre-dehydration treatment of the raw construction waste before mixing it with cementitious solid powder. This process is complex and increases disposal costs. At the same time, the high viscosity of the construction waste also makes it difficult to mix it evenly with cementitious solid powder during the mixing process, thus affecting the homogeneity and mechanical properties of the final product.

[0003] The use of fluidized bed filling materials, typically composed of slag, cementitious materials, auxiliary materials, and water, is considered an effective way to directly realize the resource utilization of slag without dehydration, which can greatly simplify the process. In this system, the high moisture content of the slag itself is beneficial to improving the workability of the mixture to a certain extent, but its inherent high viscosity still poses a serious challenge to achieving uniform dispersion of each component and overall stability of the material, which urgently needs to be studied and optimized. For fluidized bed fill materials, the core performance indicators mainly include fluidity and unconfined compressive strength. Fluidity generally needs to be controlled between 150 mm and 400 mm to meet the requirements of construction and pouring, while unconfined compressive strength usually needs to be higher than 0.4 MPa to meet the load-bearing requirements of engineering design. However, improving fluidity often requires increasing water content, but excessively high water content leads to increased material porosity, resulting in a significant decrease in strength. To compensate for the strength loss, the conventional approach in existing technologies is to increase the amount of cementitious material, but this directly increases material costs. Therefore, how to maintain sufficient mechanical properties while ensuring good fluidity has become the core contradiction in the research and development of new fluidized bed fill materials. In addition, improving the early strength of the material to shorten the construction cycle is also a key issue of concern in practical engineering applications.

[0004] In existing technologies, commonly used cementitious systems include cement-based or cement-slag composite systems. When the mechanical properties of the material are insufficient to meet requirements, alkaline activators such as water glass are usually added. These activators stimulate the latent activity of the slag and accelerate the cementitious hydration reaction process, thereby significantly improving the material's strength, especially in the early stages. However, the introduction of water glass drastically reduces the fluidity of the mixture and deteriorates its dispersion uniformity, adversely affecting construction quality and material stability.

[0005] On the other hand, oil sludge, as a difficult-to-treat byproduct generated during industrial production, also faces technological bottlenecks in its resource utilization. Existing research attempts to use oil sludge as an admixture or filler in the preparation of building materials, but due to its low cementitious activity, large-scale incorporation often leads to significant deterioration in the strength of the products, severely limiting the high-volume resource utilization of oil sludge. However, it is worth noting that oil sludge shows potential application value in fluidized bed material systems. Studies have shown that adding relatively coarse-grained particles to soft, cohesive soil helps improve the workability of the system. Oil sludge generally has a larger particle size than soft clay soil. Its incorporation is expected to optimize particle size distribution, improve fluidity, and potentially reduce the water requirement to achieve the same workability, thus creating conditions for improving mechanical properties while ensuring fluidity. In addition, the porous structure of oil sludge itself theoretically provides the possibility of loading components such as water glass, which can enhance strength but negatively affect fluidity. If this structural characteristic can be utilized to fix water glass in the pores of oil sludge, it is expected to fully leverage the strength-enhancing advantages of water glass while minimizing its adverse effects on the fluidity of fresh mixtures, achieving a synergistic effect of "maximizing strengths and minimizing weaknesses". However, existing technologies have not yet provided an effective solution for realizing the above concept and preparing a fluidized filling material with both high fluidity and high strength. Summary of the Invention

[0006] One of the technical problems to be solved by the present invention is to provide a fluidized filler material based on the synergistic modification of oil sludge with water glass, so as to solve the problems in the prior art where the direct addition of water glass leads to a significant decrease in the fluidity of the fluidized filler material and the strength is still insufficient after incorporating oil sludge.

[0007] To overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a fluidized filler material based on the synergistic modification of oil sludge with water glass. The material is composed of solid components, water glass, and water. The mass of water is 70%-80% of the total mass of the solid components. The solid components include the following components in parts by mass: 50-80 parts of slag, 10-30 parts of oil sludge, and 10-20 parts of cementitious material powder, and the sum of the mass parts of each component is 100 parts. The amount of water glass is calculated based on sodium silicate solids and accounts for 1%-3% of the total mass of the solid components.

[0008] This application discloses a fluidized bed material based on the synergistic modification of water glass with oil sludge. Compared with existing technologies, this fluidized bed material has the following advantages: Instead of using water glass and oil sludge as independent, directly added components in existing technologies, this invention utilizes the porous structure of oil sludge as a carrier. Water glass is pre-loaded into its pores to form a composite functional powder before mixing. The coarse-particle characteristics of the oil sludge act as a physical regulating unit, effectively improving the dispersibility of the cementitious solid powder in the viscous slag, thereby increasing the initial fluidity of the system and reducing water demand. Simultaneously, its porous structure is used to physically fix and slowly release the highly alkaline water glass solution, which easily affects the fluidity of the slurry. In this fluidized bed material, the composite structure of oil sludge and water glass reduces the negative impact of water glass on fluidity in the initial mixing stage. During subsequent settling and hardening processes, water glass can be slowly released from the pores of the oil sludge, continuously stimulating slag activity and fully leveraging its strength-enhancing effect. This invention successfully solves the core contradiction in the background art of how to maintain high strength while ensuring high fluidity, and provides a fluid filling material with excellent workability and mechanical properties, realizing the high-value-added resource utilization of two solid wastes: slag and oil sludge.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the cementitious solid powder is composed of cement and granulated blast furnace slag powder, and the mass of both the cement and the granulated blast furnace slag powder is 5-10 parts.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, in the above-mentioned technical solution of the present invention, cement, as the main cementitious component, provides initial strength, while granulated blast furnace slag powder is activated in an alkaline environment and participates in secondary hydration reaction, continuously enhancing the material density and later strength. By further controlling the components of the two to be 5%-10% of the total mass of solid components, it is ensured that the total amount of cementitious material is within an economically reasonable range, and the strength development process of the material is optimized through the synergistic hydration effect of the two components, avoiding the problems of insufficient long-term strength growth or excessively low early strength of a single cement system or a single slag system.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the slag is clay with a dry basis moisture content of less than 80%.

[0012] Compared with existing technologies, the above technical solution has better applicability to engineering waste soil with a higher moisture content (but not higher than 80%) because the designed fluid filling material has a moisture content of no more than 80%. The resource utilization process can eliminate the pre-dehydration process of the waste soil, reducing construction energy consumption and treatment costs.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the water glass is an industrial-grade sodium silicate solution with a modulus of 3.5 ± 0.25.

[0014] Compared with existing technologies, the above technical solution can provide a suitable alkaline activation environment and achieve better strength development.

[0015] Another technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a fluidized filler material based on the synergistic modification of water glass loaded with oil sludge, so as to solve the problems of fluidity loss caused by direct addition of water glass and insufficient strength after incorporation of oil sludge in the prior art, as well as the problems of poor uniformity and unstable performance when multiple solid wastes are co-processed.

[0016] To overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, this invention provides a method for preparing a fluidized bed material based on the synergistic modification of oil sludge with water glass, comprising the following steps: S1: Preparation of cementitious powder A: Cement and granulated blast furnace slag powder are mixed and stirred to obtain powder A; Preparation of C powder loaded with water glass: Water glass and water are mixed to prepare solution B, and then oil sludge is mixed with solution B, stirred and dried to obtain C powder; S2: Mixing and molding: Mix the C powder, A powder and slag evenly, then add water and stir to obtain the fluidized filling material.

[0017] This application discloses a method for preparing a fluidized bed material based on the synergistic modification of oil sludge with water glass. Compared with existing technologies, this method has the following advantages: The preparation method of this invention replaces the simple one-time mixing of water glass, oil sludge, and other components with cementitious solid powder and slag in existing technologies with a step-by-step pretreatment and final composite process. In step S1, cement and granulated blast furnace slag powder are pre-mixed to prepare powder A, achieving uniform distribution of the cementitious components and laying the foundation for subsequent hydration reactions. Furthermore, water glass is prepared into solution B and then mixed with oil sludge and dried to prepare powder C, utilizing the porous structure of the oil sludge. This method achieves effective loading of water glass, transforming it from a traditional direct additive into a slow-release functional component. Ultimately, by controlling stirring, the water glass loaded in the oil sludge is gradually released at appropriate stages, ensuring excellent fluidity of the mixture and providing ample assurance for subsequent strength development. This solves the technical problem of a sharp decrease in fluidity caused by the direct addition of water glass in traditional methods, while also bringing the benefit of increased strength from direct incorporation into oil sludge. It successfully achieves the optimal balance between high fluidity and high strength, providing a new technical approach for the synergistic resource utilization of various solid wastes.

[0018] In one possible implementation, in step S1, the mass of water used to prepare solution B is 30%-50% of the mass of the oil sludge. This ensures that the solution can evenly submerge the oil sludge to achieve uniform loading, while avoiding excessive water content that would lead to excessive energy consumption for drying.

[0019] In one possible implementation, in step S1, the mixing and stirring time is 2-5 minutes; the stirring and drying conditions are: after stirring the mixture of oil sludge and solution B for 2-5 minutes, it is dried at a temperature of 60-110°C for 24-48 hours.

[0020] Compared with existing technologies, the above technical solution ensures the product quality of C powder by controlling the process parameters of the above composite process, and the sufficient stirring time ensures the deep penetration and uniform distribution of B solution in the pores of oil sludge. The appropriate drying temperature and time can efficiently remove moisture and form a stable solid composite structure without decomposing and deactivating the water glass components.

[0021] In one possible implementation, the stirring time in step S2 is 2-5 minutes.

[0022] Compared with existing technologies, the above technical solution can achieve a macroscopically uniform distribution of components such as C powder, A powder, slag and water by mixing for 2-5 minutes. Excessive mixing time will increase construction energy consumption. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a method for preparing a fluidized filler material based on the synergistic modification of oil sludge with water glass, as described in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0024] First, those skilled in the art should understand that these embodiments are merely used to explain the technical principles of the embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the embodiments of this application. Those skilled in the art can make adjustments as needed to adapt to specific application scenarios.

[0025] This invention provides a fluidized filler material based on the synergistic modification of oil sludge with water glass. The material is composed of solid components, water glass, and water. The water accounts for 70%-80% of the total mass of the solid components. The solid components, in 100 parts by mass, include: slag: 50-80 parts; oil sludge: 10-30 parts; cementitious material powder: 10-20 parts; and water glass, calculated as sodium silicate solids: 1-3 parts.

[0026] As a preferred embodiment, the cementitious solid powder is composed of cement and granulated blast furnace slag powder, and the mass of both cement and granulated blast furnace slag powder is 5-10 parts.

[0027] As a preferred embodiment, the slag is clay, and the moisture content of the clay is less than 80%.

[0028] As a preferred embodiment, the water glass is a sodium silicate solution with a silicate modulus of 3.5 ± 0.25.

[0029] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the aforementioned fluidized bed material, comprising the following steps: S1: Preparation of cementitious powder A: Cement and granulated blast furnace slag powder are mixed and stirred to obtain powder A; Preparation of C powder loaded with water glass: Water glass and water are mixed to prepare solution B, and then oil sludge is mixed with solution B, stirred and dried to obtain C powder; S2: Mixing and molding: Mix the C powder, A powder and slag evenly, then add water and stir to obtain the fluidized filling material.

[0030] As a preferred embodiment, in step S1, the mass of the water glass, in terms of solids, is 1-3% of the mass of the solid components of the filling material.

[0031] As a preferred embodiment, in step S1, the mass of the water used to prepare solution B is 30%-50% of the oil sludge.

[0032] As a preferred embodiment, in step S1, the mixing and stirring time is 2-5 minutes; the stirring and drying conditions are as follows: after stirring the mixture of oil sludge and solution B for 2-5 minutes, it is dried at a temperature of 60-110℃ for 24-48 hours.

[0033] As a preferred embodiment, in step S2, the stirring time is 2-5 minutes.

[0034] The present invention provides a method for preparing a fluidized bed material based on the synergistic modification of water glass with oil sludge. By synergistically treating various solid wastes such as slag, oil sludge, and blast furnace slag, the prepared fluidized bed material has a high content of solid waste (with a high proportion of oil sludge), which significantly reduces the dependence on natural sand and gravel resources and demonstrates outstanding environmental benefits. Furthermore, the physical properties of oil sludge are utilized to effectively improve the dispersion uniformity of cementitious solid powder in soft clay soil, significantly enhancing the overall stability of the composite material. By innovatively utilizing the porous structure of oil sludge to load water glass, the negative impact of direct addition of water glass on the material's fluidity is effectively mitigated, while fully leveraging its enhancing effect of stimulating cementitious activity. This successfully achieves the effect of improving the mechanical properties while ensuring excellent material fluidity, ultimately producing a high-quality bed material with all properties meeting engineering requirements.

[0035] The following provides more detailed embodiments, using specific data, to further elaborate on the technical solution of the present invention: Example 1 This embodiment provides a fluidized bed material based on the synergistic modification of oil sludge with water glass and its preparation method. The solid components of the fluidized bed material, by mass parts, include: 65 parts of slag, 20 parts of oil sludge, 7.5 parts of cement, and 7.5 parts of granulated blast furnace slag powder; in addition, water glass, calculated as sodium silicate solids, accounts for 2% of the mass of the above solid components; the amount of water added is controlled according to the final total water-to-solid mass ratio of 0.75, and the moisture content of the slag is included in the total water volume.

[0036] Its preparation method includes the following steps: S1: Preparation of cementitious powder A: Mix 7.5 parts of cement with 7.5 parts of granulated blast furnace slag powder and stir at low speed for more than 2 minutes until uniform to obtain powder A; Water glass with a modulus of 3.5 was mixed with water at 40% of the mass of the oil sludge; the oil sludge was then compounded with solution B, stirred for 2 minutes, and dried at 105°C for 24 hours to obtain powder C. S2: Mixing and molding: Mix the C powder, A powder, slag (by dry weight), and the measured water for 2 minutes to obtain the target fluid filling material.

[0037] The material was tested for performance, and its flowability was 247 mm. The unconfined compressive strength at 3 days was 0.42 MPa, at 7 days it was 1.13 MPa, and at 28 days it was 1.35 MPa.

[0038] Example 2 This embodiment provides a fluidized filler material based on the synergistic modification of oil sludge with water glass. This embodiment is used to verify the effect of oil sludge content: The solid components of the fluidized filling material, by mass, include: 75 parts of slag, 10 parts of oil sludge, 7.5 parts of cement, and 7.5 parts of granulated blast furnace slag powder; in addition, water glass, calculated as sodium silicate solids, accounts for 2% of the mass of the above solid components; the amount of water added is controlled according to a final water-to-solid mass ratio of 0.75, and the moisture content of the slag is included in the total water volume. The preparation method is the same as in Example 1.

[0039] The prepared fluidized fill material had a flowability of 200 mm, an unconfined compressive strength of 0.39 MPa at 3 days, 0.61 MPa at 7 days, and 1.11 MPa at 28 days.

[0040] Example 3 This embodiment provides a fluidized filler material based on the synergistic modification of oil sludge with water glass. This embodiment is used to verify the effect of oil sludge content: The solid components of the fluidized bed material, by mass, include: 55 parts slag, 30 parts oil sludge, 7.5 parts cement, and 7.5 parts granulated blast furnace slag powder; in addition, water glass, calculated as sodium silicate solids, accounts for 2% of the mass of the above solid components; the amount of water added is controlled according to a final water-to-solid mass ratio of 0.75, and the moisture content of the slag is included in the total water content. Its preparation method is the same as in Example 1.

[0041] The fluidity of the prepared fill material was 290 mm, the unconfined compressive strength was 0.47 MPa after 3 days, 0.84 MPa after 7 days, and 1.30 MPa after 28 days.

[0042] Example 4 This embodiment provides a fluidized filler material based on the synergistic modification of oil sludge with water glass. This embodiment is used to verify the effect of water glass content: The solid components of the fluidized bed material, by mass, include: 65 parts slag, 20 parts oil sludge, 7.5 parts cement, and 7.5 parts granulated blast furnace slag powder; in addition, water glass, calculated as sodium silicate solids, accounts for 1% of the above solid components by mass; the amount of water added is controlled according to a final water-to-solid mass ratio of 0.75, and the moisture content of the slag is included in the total water content. Its preparation method is the same as in Example 1.

[0043] The prepared fluidized fill material has a flowability of 250 mm, an unconfined compressive strength of 0.41 MPa at 3 days, an unconfined compressive strength of 1.00 MPa at 7 days, and an unconfined compressive strength of 1.31 MPa at 28 days.

[0044] Example 5 This embodiment provides a fluidized filler material based on the synergistic modification of oil sludge with water glass. This embodiment is used to verify the effect of water glass content: The solid components of the fluidized bed material, by mass, include: 65 parts slag, 20 parts oil sludge, 7.5 parts cement, and 7.5 parts granulated blast furnace slag powder; in addition, water glass, calculated as sodium silicate solids, accounts for 3% of the above solid components by mass; the amount of water added is controlled according to a final water-to-solid mass ratio of 0.75, and the moisture content of the slag is included in the total water content. Its preparation method is the same as in Example 1.

[0045] The fluidity of the prepared fill material was 185 mm, the unconfined compressive strength was 0.51 MPa after 3 days, 0.96 MPa after 7 days, and 1.35 MPa after 28 days.

[0046] Example 6 This embodiment provides a fluidized filler material based on the synergistic modification of oil sludge with water glass. This embodiment is used to verify the effect of the amount of solid powder in the cementitious material: The solid components of the fluidized bed material, by mass, include: 68.82 parts of slag, 21.18 parts of oil sludge, 5 parts of cement, and 5 parts of granulated blast furnace slag powder; in addition, water glass, calculated as sodium silicate solids, accounts for 2% of the mass of the above solid components; the amount of water added is controlled according to a final water-to-solid mass ratio of 0.75, and the moisture content of the slag is included in the total water content. Its preparation method is the same as in Example 1.

[0047] The fluidity of the prepared fill material was 190 mm, the unconfined compressive strength at 3 days was 0.16 MPa, the unconfined compressive strength at 7 days was 0.31 MPa, and the unconfined compressive strength at 28 days was 0.58 MPa.

[0048] Example 7 This embodiment provides a fluidized filler material based on the synergistic modification of oil sludge with water glass. This embodiment is used to verify the effect of the amount of solid powder in the cementitious material: The solid components of the fluidized bed material, by mass parts, include: 61.18 parts of slag, 18.82 parts of oil sludge, 10 parts of cement, and 10 parts of granulated blast furnace slag powder; in addition, water glass, calculated as sodium silicate solids, accounts for 2% of the mass of the above solid components; the amount of water added is controlled according to a final water-to-solid mass ratio of 0.75, and the moisture content of the slag is included in the total water volume. Its preparation method is the same as in Example 1.

[0049] The fluidity of the prepared fill material was 150 mm, the unconfined compressive strength was 0.63 MPa after 3 days, 1.31 MPa after 7 days, and 1.93 MPa after 28 days.

[0050] Example 8 This embodiment provides a fluidized filler material based on the synergistic modification of oil sludge with water glass. This embodiment is used to verify the effect of moisture content: The solid components of the fluidized bed material, by mass, include: 65 parts slag, 20 parts oil sludge, 7.5 parts cement, and 7.5 parts granulated blast furnace slag powder; in addition, water glass, calculated as sodium silicate solids, accounts for 2% of the mass of the above solid components; the amount of water added is controlled according to a final water-to-solid mass ratio of 0.7, and the moisture content of the slag is included in the total water content. Its preparation method is the same as in Example 1.

[0051] The fluidity of the prepared fill material was 203 mm, the unconfined compressive strength at 3 days was 0.48 MPa, the unconfined compressive strength at 7 days was 0.83 MPa, and the unconfined compressive strength at 28 days was 1.49 MPa.

[0052] Example 9 This embodiment provides a fluidized bed material based on the synergistic modification of oil sludge with water glass. This embodiment is used to verify the effect of moisture content. The solid components of the fluidized bed material, by mass parts, include: 65 parts of slag, 20 parts of oil sludge, 7.5 parts of cement, and 7.5 parts of granulated blast furnace slag powder; in addition, water glass, calculated as sodium silicate solids, accounts for 2% of the mass of the above solid components; the amount of water added is controlled according to the final total water-to-solid mass ratio of 0.8, and the moisture content of the slag is included in the total water content. Its preparation method is the same as in Example 1.

[0053] The fluidity of the prepared fill material was 285 mm, the unconfined compressive strength was 0.36 MPa after 3 days, 0.62 MPa after 7 days, and 1.03 MPa after 28 days.

[0054] To verify the importance and synergy of each formulation in this invention, comparative examples are provided below, in conjunction with data: Comparative Example 1 This comparative example provides a conventional fluidized bed material for comparative verification of the synergistic modification effect of oil sludge and water glass. The solid components of the fluidized bed material, by mass parts, include: 85 parts of slag, 0 parts of oil sludge, 7.5 parts of cement, and 7.5 parts of granulated blast furnace slag powder; in addition, water glass, calculated as sodium silicate solids, is 0% of the above solid components; the amount of water added is controlled according to a final water-to-solid mass ratio of 0.75, and the moisture content of the slag is included in the total water volume.

[0055] Its preparation method includes the following steps: S1: Preparation of cementitious powder A: Mix 7.5 parts of cement with 7.5 parts of granulated blast furnace slag powder and stir at low speed for more than 2 minutes until uniform to obtain powder A; This comparative example does not prepare C powder; S2: Mixing and molding: Mix the A powder with 85 parts of slag (by dry weight) and the measured water for 2 minutes to obtain the target fluid filling material.

[0056] The fluidity of the prepared fill material was 155 mm, the unconfined compressive strength was 0.23 MPa after 3 days, 0.48 MPa after 7 days, and 0.88 MPa after 28 days.

[0057] Comparative Example 1, under the condition of maintaining the same water-to-solid ratio as the Example, did not incorporate any oil sludge or water glass. The test results showed that the material flowability was only 155 mm, and the strength after 3 to 28 days was significantly lower than that of the Examples of the Present Invention. This indicates that under the traditional ratio, even with the same amount of water, the system still cannot balance flowability and strength, highlighting the necessity of the synergistic modification of oil sludge and water glass in the Present Invention.

[0058] Comparative Example 2 This comparative example provides a conventional fluidized bed material for comparative verification of the synergistic modification effect of oil sludge and water glass. The solid components of the fluidized bed material, by mass parts, include: 85 parts slag, 0 parts oil sludge, 7.5 parts cement, and 7.5 parts granulated blast furnace slag powder; in addition, water glass, calculated as sodium silicate solids, is 0% of the above solid components; the amount of water added is controlled according to a final water-to-solid mass ratio of 0.9, and the moisture content of the slag is included in the total water volume.

[0059] Its preparation method includes the following steps: S1: Preparation of cementitious powder A: Mix 7.5 parts of cement with 7.5 parts of granulated blast furnace slag powder and stir at low speed for more than 2 minutes until uniform to obtain powder A; This comparative example does not prepare C powder; S2: Mixing and molding: Mix the A powder with 85 parts of slag (by dry weight) and the measured water for 2 minutes to obtain the target fluid filling material.

[0060] The fluidity of the prepared fill material was 242 mm, the unconfined compressive strength was 0.15 MPa after 3 days, 0.29 MPa after 7 days, and 0.51 MPa after 28 days.

[0061] Comparative Example 2 increased the water-to-solid ratio to 0.9, thereby improving the fluidity to 242 mm, which is close to that of Example 1 (247 mm). This was intended to verify whether simply increasing the water content could achieve a similar fluidity. The results showed that the strength of Comparative Example 2 decreased significantly at each stage, with a 3-day strength of only 0.15 MPa and a 28-day strength of only 0.51 MPa, far lower than that of Example 1. This demonstrates that while simply increasing the water content can improve fluidity, it severely sacrifices mechanical properties, further confirming the advantages of this invention in achieving a high fluidity-high strength synergy through water glass loaded onto oil sludge.

[0062] Comparative Example 3 This comparative example provides a conventional fluidized bed material to verify the necessity of a specific process involving water glass loaded onto oil sludge. The solid components of the fluidized bed material, by mass parts, include: 65 parts slag, 20 parts oil sludge, 7.5 parts cement, and 7.5 parts granulated blast furnace slag powder; in addition, water glass, calculated as sodium silicate solids, accounts for 2% of the above solid components by mass; the amount of water added is controlled according to a final water-to-solid mass ratio of 0.75, and the moisture content of the slag and water glass is included in the total water volume.

[0063] Its preparation method includes the following steps: S1: Preparation of cementitious powder A: Mix 7.5 parts of cement with 7.5 parts of granulated blast furnace slag powder and stir at low speed for more than 2 minutes until uniform to obtain powder A; This comparative example does not prepare C powder; S2: Mixing and molding: 2% (calculated as sodium silicate solid) of water glass (based on the mass of solid components, i.e. slag, oil sludge, cement, and granulated blast furnace slag powder) is directly dissolved in the measured water. Then, the aqueous solution is added to the solid mixture, i.e., the A powder and 20 parts of oil sludge and 65 parts of slag, and stirred for 2 minutes to finally obtain the comparative material.

[0064] The fluidity of the prepared fill material was 175 mm, and it could not solidify and form strength within 7 days.

[0065] Comparative Example 3 used the exact same raw material ratio as Example 1, but instead of loading water glass onto the sludge, it was directly dissolved in the mixing water and added to the system. The test results showed that the material fluidity dropped to 175 mm and it could not solidify and form strength within 7 days. This proved that if glass is added directly, it will significantly deteriorate the fluidity of the slurry and seriously hinder the setting process. This confirms the necessity of loading and slow-release through the pores of the sludge, effectively avoiding the immediate negative impact of water glass on the construction performance.

[0066] Comparative Example 4 This comparative example provides a conventional fluidized bed material for comparative verification of the key role of water glass in the system. The solid components of the fluidized bed material, by mass parts, include: 65 parts of slag, 20 parts of oil sludge, 7.5 parts of cement, and 7.5 parts of granulated blast furnace slag powder; in addition, water glass, calculated as sodium silicate solids, accounts for 0% of the above solid components by mass; the amount of water added is controlled according to a final water-to-solid mass ratio of 0.75, and the moisture content of the slag is included in the total water volume.

[0067] Its preparation method includes the following steps: S1: Preparation of cementitious powder A: Mix 7.5 parts of cement with 7.5 parts of granulated blast furnace slag powder and stir at low speed for more than 2 minutes until uniform to obtain powder A; S2: Mixing and molding: Mix the slag, oil sludge, A powder and the measured water for 2 minutes to obtain the target fluid filling material.

[0068] The fluidity of the prepared fill material was 325 mm, the unconfined compressive strength was 0.37 MPa after 3 days, 0.61 MPa after 7 days, and 0.90 MPa after 28 days.

[0069] Comparative Example 4 retained the oil sludge in the system but did not add water glass. The material flowability reached 325 mm, significantly higher than that of Example 1, indicating that the incorporation of oil sludge does indeed help improve the flowability of the system; however, its strength at all ages was low, with a 3-day strength of 0.37 MPa and a 28-day strength of only 0.90 MPa, significantly lower than that of Example 1. This demonstrates that without the introduction of water glass, although oil sludge can improve workability, the activity activation of the cementing system is insufficient, and the strength development is limited, further highlighting the key activating role of water glass in improving early and long-term strength.

[0070] Comparative Example 5 This comparative example provides a conventional fluidized bed material for comparative verification of the key role of oil sludge in the system. The solid components of the fluidized bed material, by mass parts, include: 85 parts slag, 0 parts oil sludge, 7.5 parts cement, and 7.5 parts granulated blast furnace slag powder; in addition, water glass, calculated as sodium silicate solids, accounts for 2% of the above solid components by mass; the amount of water added is controlled according to a final water-to-solid mass ratio of 0.75, and the moisture content of the slag and water glass is included in the total water volume.

[0071] Its preparation method includes the following steps: S1: Preparation of cementitious powder A: Mix 7.5 parts of cement with 7.5 parts of granulated blast furnace slag powder and stir at low speed for more than 2 minutes until uniform to obtain powder A; S2: Dissolve 2% (calculated as sodium silicate solid) of water glass (based on the mass of solid components, i.e. slag, cement, and granulated blast furnace slag powder) directly in the measured water, and then add the aqueous solution to the solid mixture, i.e., the A powder and 85 parts of slag, and stir for 2 minutes to obtain the comparative material.

[0072] The fluidity of the prepared fill material is 95 mm, and it cannot solidify and form strength within 7 days.

[0073] In Comparative Example 5, water glass was directly added to the slag system, causing the slurry to instantly lose its fluidity, making it impossible to form a uniform mixture that achieves the required fluidity, and resulting in the material failing to solidify. This further illustrates that in a viscous slag-cementing material system, water glass must be loaded and slowly released through the pores of the oil sludge to avoid system instability caused by its instantaneous reaction, thereby further verifying the important role of oil sludge as a water glass carrier in this invention.

[0074] In summary, through a systematic comparative analysis of the embodiments and comparative examples, it can be seen that the technical solution of the present invention forms an organic whole through the synergistic design of each step and parameter: In the component compounding stage, its porous open structure is fully utilized, and the load ratio and process conditions are controlled to ensure the efficient compounding of components. In the preparation process stage, a step-by-step process of first preparing composite powder and then mixing the whole is adopted. By controlling parameters such as stirring time (2-5 minutes), the ideal dispersion state of each component is achieved, avoiding energy waste caused by excessive stirring time. This series of interconnected technical measures work together. The porous structure of the oil sludge not only alleviates the negative impact of water glass on fluidity through physical barrier in the mixing stage, but also continuously stimulates the activity of slag through a slow-release mechanism in the hardening stage. The optimized ratio of the cementitious system provides a guarantee for the basic strength. This multi-level synergistic effect successfully solves the technical contradiction of the trade-off between fluidity and strength in traditional fluidized filling materials, and at the same time realizes the efficient resource utilization of solid wastes such as slag and oil sludge, demonstrating significant technical advantages and environmental benefits.

[0075] In the description of this application, the references to terms such as "an embodiment," "some embodiments," "in this embodiment," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0076] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A fluidized bed material based on the synergistic modification of oil sludge with water glass, characterized in that, The material is composed of solid components, water glass, and water. The water accounts for 70%-80% of the total mass of the solid components. The solid components include the following components by mass: 50-80 parts of slag, 10-30 parts of oil sludge, and 10-20 parts of cementitious material powder, with the sum of the mass of each component being 100 parts. The amount of water glass used is based on sodium silicate solids and accounts for 1%-3% of the total mass of the solid components.

2. The fluidized bed material based on the synergistic modification of oil sludge with water glass according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cementitious material is composed of cement and granulated blast furnace slag powder, and the mass of both cement and granulated blast furnace slag powder is 5-10 parts.

3. The fluidized bed material based on the synergistic modification of oil sludge with water glass according to claim 1, characterized in that, The slag is clay, and its dry basis moisture content is less than 80%.

4. The fluidized bed material based on the synergistic modification of oil sludge with water glass according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water glass is a sodium silicate solution with a silicate modulus of 3.5 ± 0.

25.

5. A method for preparing the fluidized bed material as described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Preparation of cementitious powder A: Cement and granulated blast furnace slag powder are mixed and stirred to obtain powder A; Preparation of C powder loaded with water glass: Water glass and water are mixed to prepare solution B, and then oil sludge is mixed with solution B, stirred and dried to obtain C powder; S2: Mixing and molding: Mix and stir the slag, water, C powder and A powder evenly to obtain the fluid filling material.

6. The method for preparing the fluidized bed material according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step S1, the water glass solid content is 1-3% of the solid component of the filling material.

7. The method for preparing the fluidized bed material according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step S1, the mass of water required to prepare solution B is 30%-50% of the mass of the oil sludge.

8. The method for preparing the fluidized bed material according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step S1, the mixing and stirring time is 2-5 minutes; the stirring and drying conditions are as follows: after stirring the mixture of oil sludge and solution B for 2-5 minutes, it is dried at a temperature of 60-110℃ for 24-48 hours.

9. The method for preparing the fluidized bed material according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step S2, the stirring time is 2-5 minutes.

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