Method for repairing spillway

Abstract

The invention discloses a spillway repairing method which comprises the following steps: defect detection: determining the position of a defect by aerial photography of an unmanned aerial vehicle, and acquiring image data; generating a topographic map: processing the collected image data to generate a three-dimensional live-action image of the spillway, and generating the topographic map, thereby obtaining a spillway current situation curved surface line type; defect positioning: performing defect positioning according to comparison between the current curved surface line type and the original spillway curve; defect grade evaluation: performing defect grade evaluation according to the defect wear severity; and performing construction repair: selecting a corresponding repair mode according to the defect grade, and performing construction to finish repair. According to the method, firstly, unmanned aerial vehicle aerial photography data processing is adopted for defect positioning, after defects are graded, accurate repairing is conducted according to the levels and needs, the overhaul efficiency can be improved, and meanwhile the temporary construction facility consumption is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a method for repairing spillways, belonging to the field of water conservancy facility operation and maintenance technology. Background Technology

[0002] As a flood discharge facility in water conservancy projects, the bottom plate of the spillway is generally worn down by cavitation, scouring and impact of hard objects caused by high-speed water flow. In severe cases, problems such as cratering, scouring, erosion and exposed steel bars may occur. Therefore, regular inspection and maintenance are required to ensure the integrity and linearity of the flow surface, thereby ensuring the flow performance.

[0003] For large hydropower stations or pumped storage power stations, the spillway is quite large, typically reaching a height of hundreds of meters, a length of hundreds or even kilometers, and a width of tens of meters. The spillway is usually located in the middle of the river channel. During maintenance, it is often necessary to use floating platforms or other water-based work platforms to install ground anchors on the bottom plate of the spillway, which are then connected to scaffolding poles. A stepped scaffolding is then erected from the bottom to the top of the spillway, following the slope of the bottom plate. After manually cleaning the weak layers of the base surface, wear-resistant epoxy mortar and other repair materials are applied. The amount of scaffolding erected is large, the construction is cumbersome and labor-intensive, especially on steep slope sections. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for repairing spillways, which can quickly locate and analyze damaged parts of the spillway, thereby improving repair efficiency.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a spillway repair method, comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1. Defect Detection: Determining the location of defects using drone aerial photography and collecting image data;

[0007] S2. Generate topographic map: After processing the collected image data, generate a three-dimensional real-scene image of the spillway and generate a topographic map, thereby obtaining the current curved surface shape of the spillway.

[0008] S3. Defect location: Defects are located by comparing the current curved surface shape with the original spillway curve;

[0009] S4. Defect Level Assessment: Defect levels are assessed based on the severity of wear.

[0010] S5. Construction and Repair: Select the corresponding repair method according to the defect level, carry out construction, and complete the repair.

[0011] In one of the aforementioned spillway repair methods, the flight path of the UAV during aerial photography is set to the spillway curve, and the flight altitude is set according to the spillway width that can be covered during photography.

[0012] In one of the aforementioned spillway repair methods, the UAV conducts two sorties to collect data for each spillway. If the parameters deviate significantly before and after the two sorties, a third sortie is performed to collect and correct the data.

[0013] In one of the aforementioned spillway repair methods, the defect levels include:

[0014] A1. Serious defects, including exposed ribs, as well as large-sized dents and grooves;

[0015] A2. Medium-sized defects, including medium-sized craters, grooves, and deep cracks;

[0016] A3. General defects, including small grooves and surface and shallow cracks.

[0017] The aforementioned spillway repair method includes the following repair methods corresponding to the defect level:

[0018] B1. When repairing severely defective areas as described in A1, first clean the base surface within a certain range around the defect before proceeding with the repair.

[0019] B2. For medium-sized defects as described in A2, only a small area of ​​the base surface needs to be cleaned before repair.

[0020] B3. For defects like those in A3, repair can be performed directly without cleaning the base surface.

[0021] In the aforementioned spillway repair method, step B1 involves a large-area repair approach, and the construction process is as follows:

[0022] B11. Remove the base layer until fresh, intact concrete is exposed;

[0023] B12. Rust removal from exposed reinforcing bars;

[0024] B13. Install reinforcing bars, insert the reinforcing bars into the original concrete, and install the steel mesh on top of the reinforcing bars;

[0025] B14. Backfill with polymer cement mortar to complete the repair.

[0026] In the aforementioned spillway repair method, in step B2, if the medium-sized defect is a crater or channel of medium size, then the repair method in steps B11-B14 is used for repair; if the medium-sized defect is a deep crack, then chemical grouting is used for repair. The construction process of the chemical grouting method is as follows:

[0027] B21. Hole Layout: Drill holes according to design requirements to ensure accurate hole positions;

[0028] B22. Grouting and sealing: Chisel a V-shaped groove along the crack to perform surface grouting to prevent the grout from being lost during pressure grouting;

[0029] B23. Piping Installation: Install piping according to requirements;

[0030] B24. Water / Air Pressure Test: Conduct a water / air pressure test before grouting to check the sealing of the hole;

[0031] B25. Prepare the slurry: Prepare a suitable slurry according to the actual material design;

[0032] B26. Grouting: Inject chemical grout into the hole, ensuring uniform distribution of the grout;

[0033] B27. Flushing the pipeline: After grouting is completed, the grouting pipeline should be flushed.

[0034] B28. Sealing: Finally, seal the holes to ensure the grouting effect lasts.

[0035] In the aforementioned spillway repair method, step B3 employs a surface coating method for repair, and its construction process is as follows:

[0036] B31. Chiseling: Remove a layer of concrete from the cleaned defective area to form a uniform chiseling texture.

[0037] B32. Cleaning: Clean up the large amount of debris generated after roughening;

[0038] B33. Drying: Dry the roughened area;

[0039] B34. Repair: Apply repair material to complete the repair.

[0040] The aforementioned spillway repair method also includes the construction of a construction device. Before the construction repair in step S5, each spillway is divided into zones, including zone 1 to zone n, according to the location of the defect. The width of each zone is set as a multiple of the width of the construction device. The construction device erection zone and specific location are determined according to the defect location. For each zone, the construction device is erected as needed using a top-down installation method, and then the corresponding repair method is adopted according to the defect level.

[0041] The aforementioned method for repairing a spillway includes a construction device comprising a ground anchor 1, a column 2, and a crossbar 3. The ground anchor 1 is fixed along the surface of the spillway, the column 2 is fixed on the ground anchor 1, and a sleeve connector 4 is fixedly installed on the column 2. The crossbar 3 is installed between adjacent columns 2 through two sleeve connectors 4 at the same level, and scaffold boards are laid on the crossbar 3.

[0042] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0043] (1) This invention uses UAV aerial photography data processing for defect location, which can quickly locate and analyze the damaged parts of the spillway, thereby improving repair efficiency.

[0044] (2) This invention achieves precise repair according to level and need by classifying defects and repairing them according to the defect level of the damaged parts after the defects are classified. Compared with the traditional comprehensive repair, the repair cost is reduced.

[0045] (3) The present invention can locate and accurately repair the damaged parts of the spillway, and can directly build construction equipment on the damaged parts, effectively reducing the amount of manpower and scaffolding erection and reducing operation and maintenance costs. Attached Figure Description

[0046] Figure 1 This is a side view of the spillway maintenance section of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 2 This is a top view schematic diagram of the spillway maintenance area of ​​the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the scaffolding erection scheme for steep slope sections according to the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the ground anchor and column of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the column and crossbar installation structure of the present invention.

[0048] Attached reference numerals: 1-ground anchor, 2-post, 3-horizontal bar, 4-sleeve connector.

[0049] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0050] Embodiment 1 of the present invention:

[0051] A method for repairing a spillway includes the following steps:

[0052] S1. Defect Detection: The location of defects is determined by drone aerial photography, and image data is collected. When the drone is taking aerial photos, the flight path is set to the spillway curve, and the flight altitude is set according to the coverage of a single-width spillway. The drone takes two flights to collect data for each spillway. If the parameters deviate significantly before and after the two flights, a third flight is taken to collect data for correction.

[0053] S2. Generate topographic map: After processing the collected image data, generate a three-dimensional real-scene image of the spillway, and then use CAD or Southern CASS software to generate a topographic map, thereby obtaining the current curved surface shape of the spillway.

[0054] S3. Defect location: Defects are located by comparing the current curved surface shape with the original spillway curve;

[0055] S4. Defect Level Assessment: Defect levels are assessed based on the severity of wear.

[0056] S5. Construction and Repair: Select the corresponding repair method according to the defect level, carry out construction, and complete the repair.

[0057] In this invention, the defect level assessment in step S4 includes three levels, as detailed below:

[0058] A1. Serious defects, including exposed ribs, as well as large-sized dents and grooves;

[0059] A2. Medium-sized defects, including medium-sized craters, grooves, and deep cracks;

[0060] A3. General defects, including small grooves and surface and shallow cracks.

[0061] The repair methods for each of the three defect levels mentioned above are as follows:

[0062] B1. When repairing severely defective areas as described in A1, first clean the base surface within a certain range around the defect, and then repair it using a large-area repair method. The construction process is as follows:

[0063] B11. Remove the base layer until fresh, intact concrete is exposed;

[0064] B12. Rust removal from exposed reinforcing bars;

[0065] B13. Install reinforcing bars, insert the reinforcing bars into the original concrete, and install the steel mesh on top of the reinforcing bars;

[0066] B14. Backfill with polymer cement mortar to complete the repair.

[0067] B2. For medium-sized defects as described in A2, only a small area of ​​the base surface needs to be cleaned before repair. If the medium-sized defect is a medium-sized crater or groove, the repair method described in steps B11-B14 should be used. If the medium-sized defect is a deep crack, chemical grouting should be used for repair. The construction process of chemical grouting is as follows:

[0068] B21. Hole Layout: Drill holes according to design requirements to ensure accurate hole positions;

[0069] B22. Grouting and sealing: Chisel a V-shaped groove along the crack to perform surface grouting to prevent the grout from being lost during pressure grouting;

[0070] B23. Piping Installation: Install piping according to requirements;

[0071] B24. Water / Air Pressure Test: Conduct a water / air pressure test before grouting to check the sealing of the hole;

[0072] B25. Prepare the slurry: Prepare a suitable slurry according to the actual material design;

[0073] B26. Grouting: Inject chemical grout into the hole, ensuring uniform distribution of the grout;

[0074] B27. Flushing the pipeline: After grouting is completed, the grouting pipeline should be flushed.

[0075] B28. Sealing: Finally, seal the holes to ensure the grouting effect lasts.

[0076] B3. For defects like those in A3, repair can be carried out directly without cleaning the base surface. The repair method uses surface coating, and the construction process is as follows:

[0077] B31. Chiseling: Remove a layer of concrete from the cleaned defective area to form a uniform chiseling texture.

[0078] B32. Cleaning: Clean up the large amount of debris generated after roughening;

[0079] B33. Drying: Dry the roughened area;

[0080] B34. Repair: Apply repair material to complete the repair.

[0081] This invention uses drone aerial photography and data processing software to quickly locate and analyze damaged parts of spillways, improving repair efficiency. It can also classify and repair damaged parts according to their defect level, reducing repair costs compared to traditional comprehensive repair.

[0082] Embodiment 2 of the present invention:

[0083] The present invention provides a method for repairing spillways, wherein prior to the construction and repair in step S5, a step of setting up a construction device is also included, as detailed below:

[0084] First, based on the location of the defect, each spillway is divided into zones, including zone 1 to zone n, and the width of each zone is set as a multiple of the width of the construction device.

[0085] Then, based on the defect location, the construction equipment erection zones and specific locations are determined. For each zone, the construction equipment is erected as needed using a top-down installation method.

[0086] Finally, appropriate repair methods are adopted according to the defect level.

[0087] This invention locates and analyzes the damaged parts of the spillway, classifies and repairs them according to their defect levels, and constructs construction devices for the damaged parts, thereby reducing the amount of manpower and scaffolding erected and lowering operation and maintenance costs.

[0088] Embodiment 3 of the present invention:

[0089] A construction device for a spillway repair method is provided, wherein the construction device adopts a scaffold structure, specifically including a ground anchor 1, a column 2, and a horizontal bar 3. The ground anchor 1 is fixed to the surface of the spillway, the column 2 is fixed to the ground anchor 1, and a sleeve connector 4 is fixedly installed on the column 2. The horizontal bar 3 is set between adjacent columns 2 through two sleeve connectors 4 at the same level, and scaffold boards are laid on the horizontal bar 3.

[0090] Specifically, the column 2 and the crossbar 3 are connected by a sleeve connector 4 pre-welded to the column 2. The outer diameter of the sleeve connector 4 is smaller than the inner diameter of the crossbar 3, and there is a gap between the two ends of the crossbar 3 and the column 2.

[0091] During installation, the construction device of this invention first sets up a top-fixed ground anchor 1 at the top of the corresponding steep slope section of the spillway. Construction workers connect safety ropes through the top-fixed ground anchor 1 and descend to the height requiring repair to carry out the installation.

[0092] First, install the ground anchor 1 of the high-position column 2. Then, install the high-position column 2 on the already installed ground anchor 1. Next, connect one end of the horizontal bar 3 to the sleeve connector 4 at the bottom of the high-position column 2. Then, connect the other end of the horizontal bar 3 to the top of another column 2. Next, install the ground anchor 1 at the low position. Finally, fix the other column 2 to the ground anchor 1 at the low position. The above process is carried out from bottom to top until the construction requirements are met. In addition, horizontal bars 3 with transverse connections are installed in the vertical direction of the spillway. The columns 2 are also connected in the same way until the construction device in the vertical direction of the spillway meets the construction requirements, and the overall scaffolding is erected.

[0093] The working principle of one embodiment of the present invention is as follows: The present invention first uses drone aerial photography data processing to locate defects and collect image data. The defect level is assessed according to the severity of wear. By classifying the defects, repairs can be carried out accurately according to the level and as needed, which can improve maintenance efficiency and reduce the consumption of temporary construction facilities. This solves the problems of long repair time, large amount of temporary construction facilities, and high cost of existing spillway repairs.

Claims

1. A method for repairing a spillway, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Defect Detection: Determining the location of defects using drone aerial photography and collecting image data; S2. Generate topographic map: After processing the collected image data, generate a three-dimensional real-scene image of the spillway and generate a topographic map, thereby obtaining the current curved surface shape of the spillway. S3. Defect location: Defects are located by comparing the current curved surface shape with the original spillway curve; S4. Defect Level Assessment: Defect levels are assessed based on the severity of wear. S5. Construction and Repair: Select the corresponding repair method according to the defect level, carry out construction, and complete the repair.

2. The spillway repair method according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the drone takes aerial photos, the flight path is set to the spillway curve, and the flight altitude is set according to the spillway width that can be covered during the shooting.

3. The method for repairing a spillway according to claim 2, characterized in that, The drone takes two flights to collect data for each spillway. If there is a large deviation in parameters between the two flights, a third flight is taken to collect data for correction.

4. The method for repairing a spillway according to claim 1, characterized in that, The defect levels include: A1. Serious defects, including exposed ribs, as well as large-sized dents and grooves; A2. Medium-sized defects, including medium-sized craters, grooves, and deep cracks; A3. General defects, including small grooves and surface and shallow cracks.

5. A method for repairing a spillway according to claim 4, characterized in that, The repair methods corresponding to the defect levels include: B1. When repairing severely defective areas as described in A1, first clean the base surface within a certain range around the defect before proceeding with the repair. B2. For medium-sized defects as described in A2, only a small area of ​​the base surface needs to be cleaned before repair. B3. For defects like those in A3, repair can be performed directly without cleaning the base surface.

6. A method for repairing a spillway according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step B1, a large-area repair method is used for repair, and the construction process is as follows: B11. Remove the base layer until fresh, intact concrete is exposed; B12. Rust removal from exposed reinforcing bars; B13. Install reinforcing bars, insert the reinforcing bars into the original concrete, and install the steel mesh on top of the reinforcing bars; B14. Backfill with polymer cement mortar to complete the repair.

7. A method for repairing a spillway according to claim 6, characterized in that, In the repair method of step B2, if the medium-sized defect is a crater or groove of medium size, then the repair method of steps B11-B14 is used for repair. If the medium-sized defect is a deep crack, then chemical grouting is used for repair. The construction process of chemical grouting is as follows: B21. Hole Layout: Drill holes according to design requirements to ensure accurate hole positions; B22. Grouting and sealing: Chisel a V-shaped groove along the crack to perform surface grouting to prevent the grout from being lost during pressure grouting; B23. Piping Installation: Install piping according to requirements; B24. Water / Air Pressure Test: Conduct a water / air pressure test before grouting to check the sealing of the hole; B25. Prepare the slurry: Prepare a suitable slurry according to the actual material design; B26. Grouting: Inject chemical grout into the hole, ensuring uniform distribution of the grout; B27. Flushing the pipeline: After grouting is completed, the grouting pipeline should be flushed. B28. Sealing: Finally, seal the holes to ensure the grouting effect lasts.

8. A method for repairing a spillway according to claim 7, characterized in that, The repair method in step B3 uses a surface coating method, and its construction process is as follows: B31. Chiseling: Remove a layer of concrete from the cleaned defective area to form a uniform chiseling texture. B32. Cleaning: Clean up the large amount of debris generated after roughening; B33. Drying: Dry the roughened area; B34. Repair: Apply repair material to complete the repair.

9. A method for repairing a spillway according to claims 1-8, characterized in that, It also includes setting up construction equipment. Before the construction and repair in step S5, each spillway is divided into zones according to the location of the defect, including zone 1 to zone n. The width of each zone is set as a multiple of the width of the construction equipment. The construction equipment erection zone and specific location are determined according to the defect location. For each zone, the construction equipment is erected as needed using a top-down installation method, and then the corresponding repair method is adopted according to the defect level.

10. A method for repairing a spillway according to claim 9, characterized in that, The construction device includes a ground anchor (1), a column (2), and a crossbar (3). The ground anchor (1) is fixed along the surface of the spillway. The column (2) is fixed on the ground anchor (1). A sleeve connector (4) is fixed on the column (2). The crossbar (3) is set between adjacent columns (2) through two sleeve connectors (4) at the same level. Scaffold boards are laid on the crossbar (3).

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