A method for creating boreholes in a segmented mining process to break up ore bodies

Abstract

This invention discloses a method for drilling blast holes in fractured ore bodies during segmented mining. The steps include: designing the upward blast hole parameters for the current segment; constructing downward grouting holes with the same upward blast hole parameters in the drilling roadway of the previous segment; injecting a rapidly solidifying liquid reagent into the grouting holes using a high-pressure grouting pump; and solidifying the fractured ore body near the downward grouting holes by mixing with the seepage and diffusion of the liquid reagent to form a grouting-reinforced section. The bottom of the grouting-reinforced section of the fractured ore body is then roughened within the current segment's drilling roadway. Finally, based on the designed upward blast hole parameters, a secondary drilling process is performed in the current segment's drilling roadway to create the upward blast holes. This invention effectively reinforces the fractured ore body through downward grouting holes. Combined with the secondary drilling and roughening processes, it significantly improves the drilling quality of blast holes in steeply inclined, thin, fractured ore bodies, successfully solving the problems of grout flow waste and roof instability. This significantly improves mining production efficiency while ensuring the safety of mining operations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mining technology, and more specifically to a method for creating boreholes in a segmented mining process to break up ore bodies. Background Technology

[0002] In current mining technology, there are two main existing technical solutions to the problem of borehole collapse and blockage in fractured ore bodies: The first is grouting reinforcement, which uses grout to bond the surrounding rock mass and improve stability. However, this method faces difficulties in sealing the borehole opening, often resulting in grout leakage and waste. Especially in segmented mining processes of steeply inclined fractured thin ore bodies, gravity causes uneven penetration of the grout in long boreholes, and the risk of borehole collapse still exists at the bottom. The second is casing protection technology, which relies on the strength of the casing itself to maintain borehole wall stability. However, the intervention of the casing hinders the propagation of blasting shock waves in the rock mass, significantly affecting the final blasting quality. Furthermore, the complex casing construction process negatively impacts mine production efficiency, making it impossible to simultaneously achieve borehole quality, construction efficiency, and safety. This invention proposes a new solution to address these problems. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To overcome at least one of the aforementioned drawbacks, this invention provides a method for creating boreholes in a segmented mining process for crushing ore bodies. The objective of this invention can be achieved by employing the following technical solution:

[0004] This application provides a method for drilling blast holes in a segmented mining process for crushing ore bodies, the steps of which include:

[0005] Design the upward borehole parameters for this section;

[0006] Construct downward grouting holes with the same parameters as the upward blast holes in the upper middle section of the rock drilling tunnel;

[0007] A high-pressure grouting pump injects a rapidly solidifying liquid reagent into the grouting hole. The crushed ore body near the grouting hole mixes and solidifies with the liquid reagent after seepage and diffusion to form the grouting reinforcement section.

[0008] In the middle section of the rock drilling tunnel, the bottom of the broken ore body in the grouting reinforcement section is roughened.

[0009] Based on the designed upward blast hole parameters, secondary drilling of upward blast holes is carried out in the rock drilling tunnel of this section.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the upward borehole parameters include borehole position coordinates, borehole length, and borehole inclination angle.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the length of the downward grouting hole is 0.5m-1.5m shorter than the length of the upward blast hole. A roof and a section to be pried are formed between the downward grouting hole and the rock drilling roadway in this middle section. The roof includes a stable and solidified broken ore body, and the section to be pried includes an unstable and solidified broken ore body and is located below the roof.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the grouting hole is located in the upper middle section of the rock drilling tunnel, and the position coordinates and inclination angle of the grouting hole correspond to the design parameters of the upward blast hole.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the curing time and curing intensity of the rapidly curing liquid reagent are determined based on the grouting pressure, the ore body fracture condition, and the segment height parameters. The rapidly curing liquid reagent can seep to the top of the drilling tunnel in this section before it is fully cured.

[0014] In one possible implementation, a sealing device is installed at the orifice during the grouting process to seal the orifice.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the prying process of the portion to be pryed is carried out using a prying trolley until the roof of the rock-drilling tunnel in this middle section is completely exposed and the stable and solidified broken ore body is exposed.

[0016] In one possible implementation, the secondary drilling of the upward blast hole is carried out during the upward blast hole construction in the grouting reinforcement section.

[0017] In one possible implementation, the method is applicable to segmented mining conditions of steeply inclined, fractured thin ore bodies.

[0018] The beneficial technical effects of the present invention are as follows: According to the present disclosure, the method for forming blast holes in the fractured ore body in the segmented mining process effectively reinforces the fractured ore body through downward grouting holes. Combined with secondary drilling and roughening processes, it significantly improves the quality of blast hole formation in steeply inclined fractured thin ore bodies, successfully solves the problems of grout outflow and waste and roof instability, and greatly improves mining production efficiency while ensuring the safety of mining operations. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The following are given by way of example and without limitation in the accompanying drawings:

[0020] Figure 1 This diagram illustrates the structure of the downward grouting hole in the upper middle section of the rock drilling tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This diagram illustrates the structure for roughening the rock drilling tunnel in this embodiment of the invention.

[0022] Figure 3The present invention provides a schematic diagram of the structure for constructing upward blast holes in the middle section of the rock drilling tunnel.

[0023] In the diagram: 1. Upper middle section drilling tunnel; 2. Ore body; 3. Downward grouting hole; 4. Grouting reinforcement section; 5. This middle section drilling tunnel; 6. Upward blast hole; 7. Roof; 8. Section to be pried open. Detailed Implementation

[0024] In the following detailed disclosure, these embodiments are fully described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In order to enable those skilled in the art to understand and clarify the technical solution of the present invention more clearly, the embodiments described below are not limited thereto. The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings.

[0025] In this invention, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance; the term "multiple" refers to two or more unless otherwise explicitly defined. The terms "install," "connect," "link," and "fix" should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connect" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; "link" can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0026] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," "rear," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or unit referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0027] This application provides a method for creating blast holes in a segmented mining process to break up the ore body, such as... Figures 1-3 As shown, the steps include:

[0028] Design parameters for the upward blast hole in the middle section of this section;

[0029] In the upper middle section of the rock drilling tunnel 1, construct the downward grouting hole 3 with the same parameters as the upward blast hole 6;

[0030] A high-pressure grouting pump injects a rapidly solidifying liquid reagent into the grouting hole. The broken ore body 2 near the grouting hole 3 mixes and solidifies with the seepage and diffusion of the liquid reagent to form the grouting reinforcement part 4.

[0031] In the middle section of the rock drilling tunnel 5, the bottom of the crushed ore body of the grouting reinforcement section 4 is roughened.

[0032] Based on the designed parameters of the upward blast hole 6, the secondary drilling of the upward blast hole 6 was carried out in the rock drilling tunnel 5 of this middle section.

[0033] The segmented mining process provided in this embodiment, which involves creating boreholes in the ore body 2, involves constructing downward grouting holes 3 with parameters identical to those of upward boreholes 6 from the upper intermediate drilling roadway 1. High-pressure grouting combined with a rapidly solidifying liquid reagent effectively solves the problem of uneven penetration caused by gravity in traditional grouting processes. This allows the rapidly solidifying liquid reagent to precisely seep into the target area and form a stable grouting reinforcement section 4. Then, the grouting reinforcement of the roof 7 is thoroughly removed through a roughening process in the intermediate drilling roadway 5, significantly improving the safety of mining operations. Finally, a secondary borehole formation process for upward boreholes 6 is implemented based on the grouting reinforcement section 4. This avoids interference with blasting effects from casing construction, ensures the quality of borehole formation, and solves long-standing technical problems in mining operations such as borehole collapse and blockage. It also significantly reduces material waste and construction complexity, providing reliable technical support for efficient mining under complex geological conditions.

[0034] In one possible implementation, the upward borehole parameters include borehole position coordinates, borehole length, and borehole inclination angle.

[0035] Specifically, by precisely designing the parameters of the upward blast hole 6 (including position coordinates, length and inclination angle), the downward grouting hole 3 is constructed to perfectly match the parameters of the upward blast hole 6. The position coordinates and inclination angle of the grouting hole are consistent with the parameters of the upward blast hole 6, ensuring that the grout can accurately penetrate into the target fractured ore body 2 area and form a uniform and stable grouting reinforcement part 4.

[0036] In one possible implementation, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the length of the downward grouting hole 3 is 0.5m-1.5m shorter than the length of the upward blast hole 6. The downward grouting hole forms a roof 7 and a section 8 to be pried between it and the rock drilling roadway in this middle section. The roof 7 includes a stable and solidified broken ore body, and the section 8 to be pried includes an unstable and solidified broken ore body and is located below the roof 7.

[0037] The length of the grouting hole 3 is 0.5m-1.5m shorter than that of the upward blast hole 6. This ensures that the rapid solidification liquid reagent can accurately penetrate into the target fractured ore body area and form a uniform and stable reinforcement layer. Under its own weight, the rapid solidification liquid reagent can further diffuse and solidify into the fractured ore body below the grouting hole 3. A layered structure is formed between the grouting hole 3 and the drilling roadway in this section, consisting of a roof (stable and solidified ore body) and the part to be pried (unsolidified ore body). By prying the part to be pried 8, the ore body is prevented from breaking and falling into the drilling roadway 5 in this section due to the construction of the upward blast hole 6. The roof 7 of this roadway is preserved as a safety barrier, providing a clear working interface for subsequent prying treatment. This effectively solves the problem of easy collapse and blockage of the upward blast holes in steeply inclined thin ore bodies, significantly improves the hole formation quality and blasting effect, and improves mining efficiency while ensuring operational safety.

[0038] In one possible implementation, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the grouting hole is located in the upper middle section of the rock drilling tunnel 1, and the location coordinates and inclination angle of the grouting hole correspond to the design parameters of the upward blast hole 6.

[0039] The grouting hole is located in the upper section of the rock drilling tunnel 1. By drilling downwards, the rapidly solidifying liquid reagent can flow into the gaps of the broken ore body 2, avoiding waste from grout leakage and improving the uniformity of penetration. It also solves the problem of difficulty in plugging the upward grouting hole. The location coordinates and inclination angle of the grouting hole correspond completely with the parameters of the upward blast hole 6 designed in this section, ensuring that the grouting reinforcement part 4 can accurately cover the broken ore body 2 around the upward blast hole 6, providing stable support for subsequent secondary drilling.

[0040] In one possible implementation, the curing time and curing intensity of the rapidly curing liquid reagent are determined based on the grouting pressure, the fracture condition of the ore body 2, and the segment height parameters. The rapidly curing liquid reagent can seep to the top of the rock drilling tunnel 5 in this middle section before it is fully cured.

[0041] The curing time and curing intensity of the rapid-curing liquid reagent need to be comprehensively determined based on three key parameters: grouting pressure, the fracture condition of ore body 2, and segment height. This ensures that the reagent can fully infiltrate to the top of the rock drilling roadway 5 in this section before it is fully cured, thereby effectively reinforcing the fractured ore body 2 and forming a stable support layer.

[0042] Understandably, the rapidly curing liquid reagent seeps to the top of the roadway before it is fully cured, which can fill the cracks in the broken ore body to form a structurally stable roof 7, while providing a safe working face for subsequent prying treatment and preventing the roof 7 from collapsing.

[0043] In one possible implementation, a sealing device is installed at the borehole opening during the grouting process to seal the opening. The sealing device fits tightly against the borehole wall, can withstand the grouting pressure, prevents grout leakage, and ensures that the rapidly solidifying liquid reagent can smoothly seep into the fractured ore body 2 before complete solidification, thus ensuring the reinforcement effect.

[0044] In one possible implementation, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the prying treatment of the part to be pryed is carried out by prying trolley operation until the roof 7 of the rock drilling roadway 5 in this middle section is completely exposed and the stable and solidified broken ore body 2 is exposed.

[0045] First, the broken ore body 2 is reinforced by grouting, which enhances the mechanical properties of the broken ore body 2 below the grouting hole 3 before it is pried open. In the subsequent prying operation, the solidified roof 7 can withstand greater stress, avoiding the risk of collapse caused by the instability of the roof 7. The integrity of the roof 7 rock mass is improved. When the prying trolley is used, there is no need to frequently deal with local collapse problems. It can concentrate on cleaning up loose rocks, which improves the efficiency of the operation. The prying trolley is used until the roof 7 is completely exposed and the stable and solidified broken ore body 2 is fully exposed.

[0046] This application combines grouting reinforcement with mechanized prying. The rapidly solidifying liquid reagent ensures effective diffusion of the grout within the fractured rock mass. The prying trolley precisely cleans the loose ore in the pryed section 8 until a stable roof 7 is exposed. This reinforcement-before-operation approach achieves a dual improvement in safety and efficiency, fundamentally improving the stability of the roof 7 in the mining of a steeply inclined, fractured, thin ore body 2, laying a solid foundation for safe and efficient mining.

[0047] In one possible implementation, such as Figure 3 As shown, the secondary drilling of upward blast hole 6 is carried out in the grouting reinforcement section 4. Through downward grouting holes 3 and a rapid-curing liquid reagent, the fractured ore body 2 is reinforced by grouting, significantly enhancing the stability of the surrounding rock and providing a solid working surface for the secondary drilling. The stability of the roof 7 in the reinforced area is improved, allowing workers to safely carry out the upward blast hole 6 construction after clearing loose rocks with a prying trolley, reducing the risk of roof 7 collapse. After reinforcement is completed, secondary drilling is carried out in the reinforced area, reducing construction interruptions caused by complex geological conditions, thereby ensuring the drilling quality and construction safety of the upward blast holes.

[0048] In one possible implementation, this method is applicable to the segmented mining process conditions of steeply inclined, fractured, thin ore bodies 2. In steeply inclined ore bodies 2, traditional grouting is prone to uneven grout infiltration due to gravity. However, this application uses downward grouting holes 3 (constructed downwards from the upper middle section of the drilling roadway 1) to allow the grout to naturally seep to the target area under the assistance of gravity, ensuring that the reinforcement layer covers the entire section of the upward blast hole 6. After grouting reinforcement, the shear resistance of the roof 7 is improved, which can effectively cope with the sliding stress generated by the self-weight of the steeply inclined ore body 2 and prevent the roof 7 from collapsing during the construction of the upward blast hole 6. The length of the grouting hole 6 is designed to control the grout penetration range and avoid excessive reinforcement that could damage the structure of the ore body 2. At the same time, it ensures that the roof 7 area of ​​the thin ore body 2 is effectively reinforced. The upward blasting hole 6 (constructed from the middle section of the rock drilling roadway 5) is constructed in the grouting reinforced part 4 after grouting. This can prevent the collapse of the broken ore body 2, ensure the forming accuracy of the upward blasting hole, and provide reliable conditions for subsequent blasting. It effectively solves the problems of roof 7 instability and difficulty in forming upward blasting holes faced by steeply inclined broken thin ore body 2 in segmented mining, and improves safety and economy.

[0049] Among them, the grouting reinforcement was completed in the upper middle section of the drilling roadway 1, which reserved time for the construction of the upward blast holes in the middle section of the drilling roadway 5. After the secondary hole was formed, blasting was carried out directly, reducing process interference. Through grouting reinforcement and prying treatment, the risk of roof 7 falling during segmented mining was significantly reduced. At the same time, the mechanized prying trolley operation shortened the roof 7 treatment time and improved the overall mining efficiency.

[0050] In the description of this specification, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "specific embodiment," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0051] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0052] In view of the detailed description above, these and other changes can be made to these embodiments, and this written description includes embodiments of the best mode that disclose the invention. The patent scope of the invention is defined by the claims, which are not limited by this disclosure. The scope of protection of the invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the invention disclosed herein, based on the technical solutions and concepts of the invention, are within the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims

1. A method for creating boreholes in a segmented mining process for crushing ore bodies, characterized by the following steps: include: Design the upward borehole parameters for this section; Construct downward grouting holes with the same parameters as the upward blast holes in the upper middle section of the rock drilling tunnel; A high-pressure grouting pump injects a rapidly solidifying liquid reagent into the grouting hole. The crushed ore body near the grouting hole mixes and solidifies with the liquid reagent after seepage and diffusion to form the grouting reinforcement section. In the middle section of the rock drilling tunnel, the bottom of the broken ore body in the grouting reinforcement section is roughened. Based on the designed upward blast hole parameters, secondary drilling of upward blast holes is carried out in the rock drilling tunnel of this middle section. The length of the downward grouting hole is 0.5m-1.5m shorter than the length of the upward blast hole. The downward grouting hole and the rock drilling roadway in this section form a roof and a section to be pried. The roof includes a stable and solidified broken ore body, and the section to be pried includes an unstable and solidified broken ore body and is located below the roof.

2. The method for creating boreholes in a segmented mining process for crushing ore bodies according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upward borehole parameters include borehole position coordinates, borehole length, and borehole inclination angle.

3. The method for creating boreholes in a segmented mining process for crushing ore bodies according to claim 1, characterized in that, The grouting hole is located in the upper middle section of the rock drilling tunnel, and the position coordinates and inclination angle of the grouting hole correspond to the design parameters of the upward blast hole.

4. The method for creating boreholes in a segmented mining process for crushing ore bodies according to claim 1, characterized in that, The curing time and curing intensity of the rapidly curing liquid reagent are determined based on the grouting pressure, the fracture condition of the ore body, and the segment height parameters. The rapidly curing liquid reagent can seep to the top of the drilling tunnel in this section before it is fully cured.

5. The method for creating boreholes in a segmented mining process for crushing ore bodies according to claim 1, characterized in that, During the grouting process, a sealing device is installed at the orifice to seal the orifice.

6. The method for creating boreholes in a segmented mining process for crushing ore bodies according to claim 1, characterized in that, The prying process of the section to be pryed is carried out using a prying trolley until the roof of the rock drilling tunnel in this section is completely exposed and the stable and solidified broken ore body is exposed.

7. The method for creating boreholes in a segmented mining process for crushing ore bodies according to claim 1, characterized in that, The secondary drilling of the upward blast hole is carried out during the upward blast hole construction in the grouting reinforcement section.

8. The method for creating boreholes in a segmented mining process for crushing ore bodies according to claim 1, characterized in that, This method is applicable to segmented mining conditions of steeply inclined, fractured, thin ore bodies.

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