A rotation angle measuring device suitable for low-cycle reciprocating pure torsion test

Abstract

The application provides a rotation angle measuring device suitable for low-cycle reciprocating pure torsion test, and relates to the technical field of structural seismic test measurement, and comprises a tension system rotation angle measuring device and a component rotation angle measuring device. The tension system rotation angle measuring device comprises a first rotating mechanism, an extension mechanism and a second rotating mechanism. The first rotating mechanism comprises a first cylindrical coupling installed along the Z direction and a first torsion sensor. The second rotating mechanism comprises a first cup-shaped connecting piece installed along the Z direction. The component rotation angle measuring device comprises a three-way sliding rail mechanism and a third rotating mechanism. The third rotating mechanism comprises a second cylindrical coupling installed along the Z direction, a second torsion sensor and a second cup-shaped connecting piece installed along the Y direction. The measuring device can accurately measure the pure rotation angle of the tension system in the XOY horizontal plane and the pure rotation angle of the measured component in the XOY plane.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of structural seismic testing and measurement technology, and in particular to an angle measuring device suitable for low-cycle reciprocating pure torsion tests. Background Technology

[0002] Low-cycle reciprocating pure torsion tests (also known as quasi-static tests) are a widely used experimental method in structural seismic research. In patent CN119413618B, entitled "A Loading Device Suitable for Low-Cycle Reciprocating Pure Torsion Tests," to apply pure torque, it is necessary to accurately measure the rotation angles of the tension systems on both sides in the XOY horizontal plane (coordinate system defined as follows: X-axis perpendicular to the reaction wall, Y-axis parallel to the reaction wall, Z-axis vertical). Simultaneously, to analyze the deformation mechanism of the test model under pure torsional loading, it is also necessary to obtain the rotation angles of the main components of the test model (such as columns and beams). The measurement of these rotation angles typically relies on torsion sensors.

[0003] Currently, commonly used gyroscope-type torsion sensors are suitable for dynamic angle measurement. They acquire angle information based on dynamic calculation and filtering algorithms, requiring the measured object to have a relatively significant rotational speed. However, the loading process in quasi-static tests of building structures is extremely slow, belonging to a quasi-static process. Under such conditions, gyroscope sensors exhibit significant measurement errors and cannot meet accuracy requirements. Therefore, mechanical torsion sensors are often used in practice. These sensors directly measure the physical rotation angle through a shaft-driven gear mechanism. Mechanical sensors must be strictly installed within the plane to be measured (for example, when measuring the torsion angle in the XOY plane, the sensor must be placed horizontally) and should not be significantly tilted, otherwise, measurement deviations will occur.

[0004] In actual experiments, the tensioning system (including hinged components such as hand-operated hoists, force measuring rods, and wire ropes) not only rotates as a whole in the XOY plane during the application of a torque, but its internal components may also rotate. In addition, one end of the system is anchored to a reaction wall with a fixed spatial position, and the other end is connected to a track group that can rotate with the test model. As the test model will be vertically lifted under the action of torque, the end of the tensioning system connected to the test model will be raised accordingly, causing the entire system to tilt; at the same time, as the test model rotates, the distance between the two ends of the tensioning system will also change. Therefore, the tensioning system will undergo a variety of deformation behaviors during the experiment: (1) torsion of the components themselves; (2) rotation in the XOY horizontal plane; (3) overall tilting caused by the lifting of one end; (4) change in the distance between the two ends.

[0005] On the other hand, the main components in the experimental model (taking the column as an example) not only undergo self-torsion under torque, but also spatial rotation and rigid body displacement. Taking the column as an example, its column head undergoes complex motion in space, and each measuring point exhibits translation in the X, Y, and Z directions, as well as rotation in the XOY, XOZ, and YOZ planes, demonstrating six-degree-of-freedom deformation characteristics.

[0006] This demonstrates that the tested object exhibits multi-degree-of-freedom spatial motion during the experiment, while mechanical torsion sensors can only measure pure torsional angles within its own plane. If the sensor is directly mounted on the specimen, the rotational components within the target plane cannot be accurately extracted. Therefore, there is an urgent need to design a dedicated measuring device that can adapt to complex deformation conditions, does not affect the mechanical behavior of the tested object, and can accurately measure pure rotation angles within the XOY horizontal plane, thus filling the measurement gap in existing technologies under such experimental conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The present invention aims to at least partially solve one of the technical problems in the related art.

[0008] Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to provide a rotation angle measurement device suitable for low-cycle reciprocating pure torsion tests. This device can effectively isolate the influence of non-torsional degrees of freedom, accurately measure the pure rotation angle of the tension system and test model components in the XOY plane, and at the same time, it does not interfere with the actual deformation behavior of the test object. This solves the problem in the prior art that, during low-cycle reciprocating pure torsion tests, due to the complex spatial motion (including multi-directional translation and rotation) of the structure or tension system, conventional torsion sensors cannot accurately and stably measure the pure rotation angle in the XOY horizontal plane.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention proposes an angle measuring device suitable for low-cycle reciprocating pure torsion tests, including a tension system angle measuring device and a component angle measuring device;

[0010] The traction system rotation angle measuring device includes a first rotating mechanism, a telescopic mechanism, and a second rotating mechanism. The first rotating mechanism and the second rotating mechanism are respectively connected to both ends of the telescopic mechanism. The first rotating mechanism includes a first cylindrical coupling and a first torsion sensor installed along the Z direction. The first cylindrical coupling is used to connect the traction system, and the first torsion sensor is used to measure the rotation angle of the traction system. The second rotating mechanism includes a first cup-shaped connector installed along the Z direction. The first cup-shaped connector is used to connect one end of the track assembly.

[0011] The component rotation measuring device includes a three-way slide rail mechanism and a third rotation mechanism. The bottom surface of the three-way slide rail mechanism is parallel to the bottom surface of the component being measured. The third rotation mechanism includes a second cylindrical coupling installed along the Z direction, a second torsion sensor, and a second cup-shaped connector installed along the Y direction. The second cylindrical coupling is connected to the three-way slide rail mechanism, the second cup-shaped connector is used to connect the component being measured, and the second torsion sensor is used to measure the rotation angle of the component being measured.

[0012] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the telescopic mechanism includes an inner rod and an outer rod, the inner rod being slidably disposed inside the outer rod, one end of the inner rod being connected to the first rotating mechanism, and one end of the outer rod being connected to the second rotating mechanism.

[0013] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the telescopic mechanism further includes an angle steel and a plurality of one-way bearings, wherein the one-way bearings are disposed between the outer rod and the inner rod to reduce sliding friction; the angle steel is disposed on the outer side of the outer rod.

[0014] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the first rotating mechanism further includes a first corner bracket, a first rotating connector, a π-shaped plate, a first misaligned connecting plate, and a clamp; the π-shaped plate is connected to a first mounting piece of the first corner bracket; the first rotating connector passes through the π-shaped plate and is connected to the inner rod; the first torsion sensor is mounted on a second mounting piece of the first corner bracket, and its rotating shaft is connected to the upper end of the first cylindrical coupling; the lower end of the first cylindrical coupling is connected to one side of the first misaligned connecting plate by bolts, and the other side of the first misaligned connecting plate is connected to the clamp, the clamp being used to connect the traction system.

[0015] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the second rotating mechanism further includes a second corner bracket, a second rotating connector, a second misaligned connecting plate, and a lateral clamping plate; the second rotating connector connects the first mounting piece of the second corner bracket and the outer rod; the second mounting piece of the second corner bracket is rotatably connected to the top end of the first cup-shaped connector; the bottom end of the first cup-shaped connector is connected to one end of the second misaligned connecting plate, and the other end of the second misaligned connecting plate is connected to the lateral clamping plate, the lateral clamping plate being used to connect one end of the track assembly.

[0016] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the three-way slide rail mechanism includes a base plate, a Y-direction slide rail fixing plate, a Y-direction slider fixing plate, an X-direction slide rail fixing plate, an X-direction slider fixing plate, a Z-direction slide rail fixing plate, and a Z-direction slider fixing plate; the Y-direction slide rail fixing plates are installed on both sides of the base plate along the Y direction, and the Y-direction slider fixing plates are slidably engaged with the Y-direction slide rail fixing plates along the Y direction; the X-direction slide rail fixing plates are disposed on the Y-direction slider fixing plates, and the X-direction slider fixing plates are slidably engaged with the X-direction slide rail fixing plates along the X direction; the Z-direction slide rail fixing plates are disposed on the X-direction slider fixing plates, and the Z-direction slider fixing plates are slidably engaged with the Z-direction slide rail fixing plates along the Z direction; one end of the second cylindrical coupling is connected to the Z-direction slider fixing plate via a screw.

[0017] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the third rotating mechanism further includes a third corner code, a fourth corner code, and a third rotating connector; the other end of the second cylindrical coupling is connected to the rotating shaft of the second torsion sensor, and the second cylindrical coupling is mounted on the first mounting plate of the third corner code; the second mounting plate of the third corner code is rotatably connected to the first mounting plate of the fourth corner code through the third rotating connector; the second mounting plate of the fourth corner code is rotatably connected to one end of the second cup-shaped connector, and the other end of the second cup-shaped connector is used to connect the measured component.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0019] 1. The rotation angle measuring device for low-cycle reciprocating pure torsion test according to the present invention, by setting a rotation angle measuring device for the tension system to move synchronously with the tension system and releasing the constraint on its deformation, can accurately measure the pure rotation angle of the tension system in the XOY horizontal plane; the rotation angle measuring device of the present invention, by setting a component rotation angle measuring device, can fully release the translational and rotational constraints on the tested component, adapt to the six-degree-of-freedom complex deformation that may exist in the tested component, and can accurately measure the pure rotation angle of the tested component in the XOY plane.

[0020] 2. The measuring device of this invention, through its ingenious mechanical and structural design, achieves accurate and stable measurement of pure rotation angles in the XOY plane under complex multi-degree-of-freedom deformation conditions. This measuring device can fully release constraints in non-measurement directions, avoiding interference with the actual deformation of the measured component, and significantly improves the accuracy and reliability of rotation angle measurement in low-cycle reciprocating pure torsion tests, providing effective technical support for the study of structural torsional performance.

[0021] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the following detailed description of preferred embodiments. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout the drawings. Wherein:

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the traction system rotation measuring device in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first rotating mechanism in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second rotating mechanism in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the telescopic mechanism in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the component rotation measuring device in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 6 This is a first schematic diagram of a portion of the structure of the third rotating mechanism in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 7 This is a second schematic diagram of a portion of the structure of the third rotating mechanism in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the application of an angle measuring device suitable for low-cycle reciprocating pure torsion tests on a test model in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 9 yes Figure 8 A magnified view of a portion of point A in the middle.

[0032] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0033] 1-First cylindrical coupling, 2-First torsion sensor, 3-First angle bracket, 4-First rotary connector, 5-Inner rod, 6-Outer rod, 7-One-way bearing, 8-Angle steel, 9-First cup-shaped connector, 10-Second angle bracket, 11-Second rotary connector, 12-π-shaped plate, 13-First misaligned connecting plate, 14-Clamp, 15-Second misaligned connecting plate, 16-Side clamp, 18-Second cylindrical coupling, 19-Second torsion sensor, 20-Third angle bracket, 21-Fourth angle bracket, 22-Third rotary connector Components, 23-Second cup-shaped connector, 31-Y-direction slide rail fixing plate, 32-Y-direction slider fixing plate, 33-X-direction slide rail fixing plate, 34-X-direction slider fixing plate, 35-Z-direction slide rail fixing plate, 36-Z-direction slider fixing plate, 40-Tension system, 41-Hand chain hoist, 42-Turn screw, 50-Reaction wall, 60-Counterweight block, 70-Measured component, 80-Slide rail assembly, 81-Connecting rod, 82-Connecting seat, 90-Support frame, 100-Tension system rotation angle measuring device, 200-Component rotation angle measuring device. Detailed Implementation

[0034] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the invention, and should not be construed as limiting the invention. Rather, embodiments of the invention include all variations, modifications, and equivalents falling within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

[0035] The following is for reference. Figures 1 to 8 This describes an angle measuring device for a low-cycle reciprocating pure torsion test according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] According to an embodiment of the present invention, an angle measuring device suitable for low-cycle reciprocating pure torsion tests includes a tension system angle measuring device 100 and a component angle measuring device 200.

[0037] The traction system rotation angle measuring device 100 includes a first rotating mechanism, a telescopic mechanism, and a second rotating mechanism, which are respectively connected to both ends of the telescopic mechanism. Specifically, the first and second rotating mechanisms are hinged to both ends of the telescopic mechanism, allowing the telescopic mechanism to swing freely in the vertical plane. The telescopic mechanism can freely extend and retract axially. The first rotating mechanism includes a first cylindrical coupling 1 and a first torsion sensor 2 installed along the Z direction. The first cylindrical coupling 1 is used to connect the traction system 40. The first cylindrical coupling 1 can be connected to the traction system 40 in a direct or indirect manner. The first torsion sensor 2 is used to measure the rotation angle of the traction system 40. The second rotating mechanism includes a first cup-shaped connector 9 installed along the Z direction, which is used to connect one end of the track assembly 80. The traction system 40 is a dedicated reciprocating torsional loading mechanism, the specific structure of which can be referred to in the patent application with publication number CN119413618B, and will not be repeated here. The Z direction is the vertical direction, and one end of the traction system 40 is connected to the reaction wall 50. Figure 8 As shown, the traction system 40 includes a hand-operated hoist 41, which inputs pure torque to the test model by pulling the hand-operated hoists 41 at both ends of the traction system 40. The telescopic mechanism can take the form of a linear slide rail, a sleeve-type telescopic structure, etc.

[0038] The rotation angle measuring device 100 of the tension system is arranged at the same vertical (Z direction) projection position as the tension system 40 (only the height is different) to ensure consistent measurement reference. The first torsion sensor 2 has a rotating shaft, which serves as a transmission component for the rotation angle input, transmitting the dynamic torsional load of the tension system 40 to the first torsion sensor 2. The rotating shaft of the first torsion sensor 2 is rotatably connected to the tension system 40 through a first cylindrical coupling 1, enabling the rotation angle measuring device 100 of the tension system 40 to rotate with the tension system 40. The first torsion sensor 2 can also be connected to a display, which can display the rotation angle in real time. The track assembly 80 includes a connecting rod 81 and a connecting seat 82, which are fixedly connected. The connecting seat 82 is fixed to the counterweight 60 along the Y direction. The counterweight 60 presses on the top of the component 70 being measured to simulate vertical loads, such as simulating the weight of the roof truss on the brackets of an ancient building in an application scenario. The specific composition of the orbital group 80 can be found in the patent application with publication number CN119413618B, and will not be repeated here.

[0039] The component rotation measuring device 200 includes a three-way slide rail mechanism and a third rotation mechanism. The bottom surface of the three-way slide rail mechanism is parallel to the bottom surface of the component being measured 70. The third rotation mechanism is used to release the rotation of the component rotation measuring device 200 in the XOY, XOZ, and YOZ planes. The three-way slide rail mechanism is a combination of guide and sliding mechanisms capable of achieving independent linear motion in three mutually perpendicular directions (X, Y, and Z axes). The specific type is selected according to actual needs. The bottom surface refers to the mounting reference surface. Figure 5-7 As shown, the third rotation mechanism includes a second cylindrical coupling 18 mounted along the Z direction, a second torsion sensor 19, and a second cup-shaped connector 23 mounted along the Y direction. The second cylindrical coupling 18 is connected to a three-way slide rail mechanism, the second cup-shaped connector 23 is used to connect the measured component 70, and the second torsion sensor 19 is used to measure the rotation angle of the measured component 70. The three-way slide rail mechanism is used to realize the free translation of the component rotation angle measuring device 200 along the X, Y, and Z directions. The X, Y, and Z directions are mutually orthogonal coordinate axis directions, defined as follows: the X-axis is perpendicular to the reaction wall 50, the Y-axis is parallel to the reaction wall 50, and the Z-axis is vertical. The second torsion sensor 19 also has a rotation axis, which serves as a transmission component for the rotation angle input, transmitting the dynamic torsional load of the measured component 70 to the second torsion sensor 19. The second torsion sensor 19 is also connected to a display, which can display the rotation angle in real time. The specific type and quantity of the component 70 to be tested are set according to actual needs and are not restricted. For example, the component 70 to be tested is a column and the quantity is 4.

[0040] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 8 As shown, the working principle of the traction system rotation measuring device 100 in this embodiment of the invention is as follows: Through the first and second rotation mechanisms, it can rotate freely in the XOY and XOZ planes, avoiding constraints on the rotation of the traction system 40 in the two planes. In other words, the traction system 40 can rotate freely in both directions without structural interference or limitations. After the traction system 40 is subjected to torque input from the hand-operated hoist 41, the distance between its two ends will change. The telescopic mechanism adapts to the change in the distance between the two ends of the traction system 40. The telescopic mechanism can rotate in the XOZ plane, releasing the vertical constraint caused by the lifting of the test model. The first torsion sensor 2 only measures the pure rotation angle of the traction system 40 in the XOY plane. The first rotation mechanism, the telescopic mechanism, and the second rotation mechanism are all designed to ensure that the traction system rotation measuring device 100 does not restrict the deformation of the traction system 40. Since the rotating shaft in the first torsion sensor 2 is installed in the first cylindrical coupling 1 that rotates only in the XOY plane, the first torsion sensor 2 can measure the rotation angle of the traction system 40 in the XOY plane.

[0041] Combination Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 8 As shown, the working principle of the component rotation angle measuring device 200 in this embodiment of the invention is as follows: The component rotation angle measuring device 200 can freely translate along the X, Y, and Z directions, releasing the constraint on the translational displacement of the measured component 70. The third rotation mechanism enables the component rotation angle measuring device 200 to freely rotate in the XOY, XOZ, and YOZ planes, releasing the constraint on the rotational freedom of the measured component 70. The second torsion sensor 19 is installed in the XOY horizontal plane of the three-way slide rail mechanism and transmits rotation through the vertically set (along the Z direction) second cylindrical coupling 18, thereby ensuring that only the pure torsional angle of the measured component 70 in the XOY plane is measured.

[0042] In some embodiments, combined with Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the telescopic mechanism includes an inner rod 5 and an outer rod 6. The inner rod 5 is slidably disposed within the outer rod 6. One end of the inner rod 5 is connected to a first rotating mechanism, and one end of the outer rod 6 is connected to a second rotating mechanism. The inner rod 5 and the outer rod 6 are axially movable relative to each other, forming axial telescopic movement. In one example, the telescopic mechanism also includes an angle steel 8 and multiple one-way bearings 7. The one-way bearings 7 are disposed between the outer rod 6 and the inner rod 5 to reduce friction and facilitate axial telescopic movement between them. The number of one-way bearings 7 is selected according to actual needs; in this example, there are three one-way bearings 7. The angle steel 8 is disposed on the outside of the outer rod 6. The angle steel 8 prevents the outer rod 6 and the inner rod 5 from sagging and provides stable support. The angle steel 8 is made of aluminum alloy, which achieves lightweight design and sufficient support strength.

[0043] In some embodiments, combined with Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 8 As shown, the first rotating mechanism also includes a first angle bracket 3, a first rotating connector 4, a π-shaped plate 12, a first misaligned connecting plate 13, and a clamp 14. The π-shaped plate 12 is connected to the first mounting piece of the first angle bracket 3. The first rotating connector 4 passes through the π-shaped plate 12 and the inner rod 5, allowing the inner rod 5 and the π-shaped plate 12 to be rotatably connected. The specific type of the first rotating connector 4 is selected according to actual needs; for example, the first rotating connector 4 is a pin. The first torsion sensor 2 is mounted on the second mounting piece of the first angle bracket 3, and its rotating shaft is connected to the upper end of the first cylindrical coupling 1. It can be understood that the first mounting piece and the second mounting piece of the first angle bracket 3 are perpendicular. The second mounting piece of the first angle bracket 3 is located in the XOY plane. The lower end of the first cylindrical coupling 1 is connected to one side of the first misaligned connecting plate 13 by bolts, and the other side of the first misaligned connecting plate 13 is connected to the clamp 14, which is used to connect the tension system 40. The clamp 14 is fixedly connected to both sides of the tension system 40, and the specific connection position is selected according to actual needs. Figure 9As shown, in one example, the tension system 40 includes turnbuckles 42 for connection to the reaction wall 50, with clamps 14 connected to the ends of the turnbuckles 42. The first cylindrical coupling 1, the rotating shaft of the first torsion sensor 2, the first angle bracket 3, and the π-shaped plate 12 move synchronously with the tension system 40. A first misaligned connecting plate 13 is used to compensate for spatial positional deviations between the first cylindrical coupling 1 and the clamps 14.

[0044] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 8 As shown, the second rotating mechanism also includes a second angle bracket 10, a second rotating connector 11, a second misaligned connecting plate 15, and a lateral clamping plate 16. The second rotating connector 11 rotatably connects the first mounting piece of the second angle bracket 10 and the outer rod 6. The second mounting piece of the second angle bracket 10 is rotatably connected to the top end of the first cup-shaped connector 9. It is understood that the first and second mounting pieces of the second angle bracket 10 are perpendicular. Specifically, the first cup-shaped connector 9 has a rotating shaft at its center, which is connected to the second mounting piece of the second angle bracket 10. The specific type of the second rotating connector 11 is selected according to actual needs; for example, the second rotating connector 11 is a pin. The second mounting piece of the second angle bracket 10 is located in the XOY plane. The bottom end of the first cup-shaped connector 9 is connected to one end of the second misaligned connecting plate 15, and the other end of the second misaligned connecting plate 15 is connected to the lateral clamping plate 16, which is used to connect one end of the track assembly 80. In one example, the lateral clamping plate 16 is connected to the end of the connecting rod 81.

[0045] When the measured component 70 is subjected to torque, the tension system 40 undergoes the following deformations: rotation in the XOY plane and XOZ plane, and displacement in the X direction. Therefore, for the tension system rotation angle measuring device 100 to be installed on the tension system 40, it must not impede these deformations. Thus, the constraints on the tension system 40 in these directions are released through the first rotation mechanism, the second rotation mechanism, and the telescopic mechanism. Based on this, by placing the first torsion sensor 2 on the plane where only the XOY plane rotates, the rotation angle of the XOY plane can be measured. In the tension system rotation angle measuring device 100, the components that release the constraints of the XOY plane are the first cylindrical coupling 1 and the first cup-shaped connector 9. The components that release the constraints of the XOZ plane are the first rotary connector 4 and the second rotary connector 11. The component that releases the displacement in the X direction is the telescopic mechanism.

[0046] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5As shown, the three-way slide rail mechanism includes a base plate, a Y-axis slide rail fixing plate 31, a Y-axis slider fixing plate 32, an X-axis slide rail fixing plate 33, an X-axis slider fixing plate 34, a Z-axis slide rail fixing plate 35, and a Z-axis slider fixing plate 36. The Y-axis slide rail fixing plate 31 is mounted on both sides of the base plate along the Y direction, and the Y-axis slider fixing plate 32 slides in cooperation with the Y-axis slide rail fixing plate 31 along the Y direction. The X-axis slide rail fixing plate 33 is mounted on the Y-axis slider fixing plate 32, and the X-axis slider fixing plate 34 slides in cooperation with the X-axis slide rail fixing plate 33 along the X direction. The Z-axis slide rail fixing plate 35 is fixed to one side of the X-axis slider fixing plate 34, and the Z-axis slider fixing plate 36 slides in cooperation with the Z-axis slide rail fixing plate 35 along the Z direction. The upper end of the second cylindrical coupling 18 is fixedly connected to the Z-axis slider fixing plate 36 via a screw. The second cylindrical coupling 18 and the Z-axis slider fixing plate 36 move synchronously.

[0047] Combination Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the third rotating mechanism also includes a third angle bracket 20, a fourth angle bracket 21, and a third rotating connector 22. The lower end of the second cylindrical coupling 18 is connected to the rotating shaft of the second torsion sensor 19, and the second cylindrical coupling 18 is mounted on the first mounting plate of the third angle bracket 20. The first mounting plate of the third angle bracket 20 is located in the XOY plane. The second mounting plate of the third angle bracket 20 is rotatably connected to the first mounting plate of the fourth angle bracket 21 via the third rotating connector 22. The specific type of the third rotating connector 22 is selected according to actual needs; for example, the third rotating connector 22 is a pin. The first mounting plate of the fourth angle bracket 21 and the second mounting plate of the third angle bracket 20 are located in the same plane. The second mounting plate of the fourth angle bracket 21 is rotatably connected to one end of the second cup-shaped connector 23, and the other end of the second cup-shaped connector 23 is used to connect the measured component 70. Specifically, the second cup-shaped connector 23 has a rotating shaft at its center, which is connected to the second mounting plate of the fourth angle bracket 21.

[0048] When a torque is applied to the measured component 70, it will undergo translational motion in the X, Y, and Z directions, as well as rotation in the XOY, XOZ, and YOZ planes. Therefore, for the component rotation measuring device 200 to be installed on the measured component 70, it needs to release its own constraints on the measured component 70 in the aforementioned directions. Based on this, placing the second torsion sensor 19 on the plane where only the XOY plane rotates allows for the measurement of the rotation angle in the XOY plane. In the component rotation measuring device 200, the component that releases the constraints in the X, Y, and Z directions is a three-way slide rail mechanism. The component that releases the XOY plane constraint is the second cylindrical coupling 18. The component that releases the XOZ plane constraint is the second cup-shaped connector 23. The component that releases the YOZ plane constraint is the third rotary connector 22.

[0049] The center of the second cup-shaped connector 23 is perpendicular to the XOZ plane, thus allowing the component rotation measuring device 200 to swing freely within the XOZ plane along with the component 70 being measured. As can be seen from the above, the component rotation measuring device 200 moves entirely with the component 70 being measured. The third rotation mechanism allows the component rotation measuring device 200 to rotate freely with the component 70 in the XOY, XOZ, and YOZ planes. The three-way slide rail mechanism can freely translate with the component 70 in the X, Y, and Z directions without applying additional constraint forces, thereby avoiding interference with the actual deformation behavior of the component 70 being measured.

[0050] like Figure 8 As shown in one example, in order to restore the appearance of the ancient building as much as possible, a support frame 90 is also provided at the bottom of the component being tested 70.

[0051] In summary, the device of this invention addresses the problem that existing torsion sensors cannot accurately measure the pure rotation angle in the XOY horizontal plane during quasi-static structural tests due to the complex deformation of the specimen with multiple degrees of freedom. It proposes measurement schemes specifically for the tension system 40 and the tested component 70. The tension system rotation angle measuring device 100, through the first cylindrical coupling 1, telescopic mechanism, first cup-shaped connector 9, first angle bracket 3, and first rotary connector 4, releases the constraints of the tension system 40 in the directions of horizontal rotation, vertical tilt, and length change. Furthermore, by placing the first torsion sensor 2 on the second mounting plate of the first angle bracket 3, it ensures that the first torsion sensor 2 only measures rotation in the XOY plane. The component rotation angle measuring device 200, through the three-way slide rail mechanism and the third rotation mechanism, fully decouples the six degrees of freedom deformation of the tested component 70, enabling the second torsion sensor 19 to stably measure the pure rotation angle in the XOY plane even under translational and rotational movements in multiple directions. The measuring device of this invention can effectively adapt to the complex deformation conditions in quasi-static tests, accurately obtain the rotation angle data of the structure and tension system 40 under pure torsion, and significantly improve the reliability and accuracy of test measurements.

[0052] It should be noted that in the description of this invention, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Furthermore, in the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0053] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0054] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0055] In the description of this invention, the terms "left," "right," "front," "rear," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0056] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0057] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rotation angle measuring device for a low-cycle reciprocating pure torsion test, characterized by comprising: The tension system angle measuring device (100) and the component angle measuring device (200) are included. The tension system angle measuring device (100) includes a first rotating mechanism, an extension mechanism and a second rotating mechanism, the first rotating mechanism and the second rotating mechanism are connected at two ends of the extension mechanism respectively, the first rotating mechanism includes a first cylindrical coupling (1) installed along the Z direction and a first torsion sensor (2), the first cylindrical coupling (1) is used for connecting a tension system (40), the first torsion sensor (2) is used for measuring the angle of the tension system (40); the second rotating mechanism includes a first cup-shaped connector (9) installed along the Z direction, the first cup-shaped connector (9) is used for connecting one end of a track group (80). The component angle measuring device (200) includes a three-way slide rail mechanism and a third rotating mechanism, the bottom surface of the three-way slide rail mechanism is parallel to the bottom surface of a measured component (70), the third rotating mechanism includes a second cylindrical coupling (18) installed along the Z direction, a second torsion sensor (19) and a second cup-shaped connector (23) installed along the Y direction, the second cylindrical coupling (18) is connected with the three-way slide rail mechanism, the second cup-shaped connector (23) is used for connecting the measured component (70), and the second torsion sensor (19) is used for measuring the angle of the measured component (70).

2. The angular displacement measuring device for low cycle reversed pure torsion test according to claim 1, wherein The extension mechanism includes an inner rod (5) and an outer rod (6), the inner rod (5) is slidably arranged in the outer rod (6), one end of the inner rod (5) is connected with the first rotating mechanism, and one end of the outer rod (6) is connected with the second rotating mechanism.

3. The angular displacement measuring device for low-cycle, reversed pure torsion testing according to claim 2, characterized in that The extension mechanism further includes an angle steel (8) and a plurality of one-way bearings (7), the one-way bearings (7) are arranged between the outer rod (6) and the inner rod (5) and are used for reducing sliding friction, and the angle steel (8) is arranged outside the outer rod (6).

4. The angular displacement measuring device for low-cycle, reversed pure torsion testing according to claim 2, characterized in that The first rotating mechanism further includes a first corner code (3), a first rotary connector (4), a π-shaped plate (12), a first misalignment connecting plate (13) and a clamp (14), the π-shaped plate (12) is connected with a first mounting piece of the first corner code (3), the first rotary connector (4) penetrates through the π-shaped plate (12) and is connected with the inner rod (5), the first torsion sensor (2) is mounted on a second mounting piece of the first corner code (3), a rotating shaft of the first torsion sensor (2) is connected with an upper end of the first cylindrical coupling (1), a lower end of the first cylindrical coupling (1) is connected with one side of the first misalignment connecting plate (13) through a bolt, the other side of the first misalignment connecting plate (13) is connected with the clamp (14), and the clamp (14) is used for connecting the tension system (40).

5. The angular displacement measuring device for low-cycle, reversed pure torsion testing according to claim 2, characterized in that The second rotating mechanism further comprises a second corner code (10), a second rotating connecting piece (11), a second staggered connecting plate (15) and a lateral clamping plate (16); the second rotating connecting piece (11) connects the first mounting sheet of the second corner code (10) and the outer rod (6); the second mounting sheet of the second corner code (10) is rotatably connected with the top end of the first cup-shaped connecting piece (9); the bottom end of the first cup-shaped connecting piece (9) is connected with one end of the second staggered connecting plate (15), the other end of the second staggered connecting plate (15) is connected with the lateral clamping plate (16), and the lateral clamping plate (16) is used for connecting one end of the track group (80).

6. The angular displacement measuring device for low-cycle, reversed pure torsion testing according to claim 1, characterized in that The three-way sliding rail mechanism comprises a bottom plate, a Y-direction sliding rail fixing plate (31), a Y-direction sliding block fixing plate (32), an X-direction sliding rail fixing plate (33), an X-direction sliding block fixing plate (34), a Z-direction sliding rail fixing plate (35) and a Z-direction sliding block fixing plate (36); the Y-direction sliding rail fixing plate (31) is installed on both sides of the bottom plate along the Y direction, the Y-direction sliding block fixing plate (32) is in sliding fit with the Y-direction sliding rail fixing plate (31) along the Y direction; the X-direction sliding rail fixing plate (33) is arranged on the Y-direction sliding block fixing plate (32), the X-direction sliding block fixing plate (34) is in sliding fit with the X-direction sliding rail fixing plate (33) along the X direction; the Z-direction sliding rail fixing plate (35) is arranged on the X-direction sliding block fixing plate (34), and the Z-direction sliding block fixing plate (36) is in sliding fit with the Z-direction sliding rail fixing plate (35) along the Z direction; one end of the second cylindrical shaft coupling (18) is connected with the Z-direction sliding block fixing plate (36) through a screw rod.

7. The angular displacement measuring device for low-cycle, reversed pure torsion testing according to claim 6, characterized in that The third rotating mechanism further comprises a third corner code (20), a fourth corner code (21) and a third rotating connecting piece (22); the other end of the second cylindrical shaft coupling (18) is connected with the rotating shaft of the second torsion sensor (19), and the second cylindrical shaft coupling (18) is installed on the first mounting sheet of the third corner code (20); the second mounting sheet of the third corner code (20) is rotatably connected with the first mounting sheet of the fourth corner code (21) through the third rotating connecting piece (22); the second mounting sheet of the fourth corner code (21) is rotatably connected with one end of the second cup-shaped connecting piece (23), and the other end of the second cup-shaped connecting piece (23) is used for connecting the measured component (70).

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