Rapid evaluation and optimization decision-making method for heat storage scheme

Abstract

The invention provides a rapid evaluation and optimization decision-making method for a heat storage scheme. The method comprises the following steps: establishing a heat storage material thermophysical property database; a corresponding heat storage device form is selected; primarily screening a heat storage material based on a temperature matching principle; based on constraint conditions of volume limitation of the heat storage scheme, structural parameters of the heat storage device and the mass of heat exchange fluid and heat storage materials are calculated; heat storage device transient simulation models are established for solid sensible heat storage, liquid sensible heat storage and phase change latent heat storage respectively; according to the transient simulation model of the heat storage device, the change trend of key parameters of each heat storage device in the heat storage process is calculated; calculating performance evaluation indexes of the heat storage device; performing normalization processing on the performance evaluation index of each heat storage device; according to a specific application scene demand, determining a weight factor of the performance evaluation index; and weighting and sequencing the performance evaluation indexes to obtain a heat storage scheme decision with the highest score. The method has the technical effect that the optimal heat storage scheme decision can be quickly and efficiently obtained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of thermal energy storage technology, specifically relating to a method for rapid evaluation and optimal decision-making of thermal energy storage schemes. Background Technology

[0002] Thermal energy storage technology is a key energy regulation method. By storing excess heat energy during periods of low heat demand and releasing it on demand during periods of high demand, it can effectively alleviate the mismatch between supply and demand of heat energy in terms of space, time, and intensity, thereby significantly improving the overall efficiency and economy of the energy system. From a technical principle perspective, thermal energy storage can be mainly divided into three categories: sensible heat storage, latent heat storage, and thermochemical storage. Sensible heat storage relies on changes in the temperature of the medium to store energy; latent heat storage utilizes phase change materials to absorb or release latent heat during phase transitions; and thermochemical storage is based on reversible chemical reactions to achieve energy storage and release. Due to the diverse selection of materials (such as water, molten salt, heat transfer oil, paraffin wax, rock, and metal hydrides), hundreds of specific thermal storage schemes have emerged, each with significant differences in their applicability and performance characteristics.

[0003] In practical applications, the performance evaluation of traditional thermal storage solutions largely relies on experimental testing or three-dimensional numerical simulations. While these methods offer high accuracy, they are time-consuming, costly, and computationally resource-intensive, making them unsuitable for rapid comparison and optimization of multiple solutions on a large scale. Therefore, in current engineering practice, the selection of thermal storage solutions still largely depends on the experience and judgment of technical personnel. While this approach offers some flexibility, it is highly subjective and uncertain. Therefore, there is an urgent need to establish rapid and efficient methods for evaluating and optimizing thermal storage solutions to support the scientific and optimal selection of solutions for specific application scenarios. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art, and to provide a new technical solution for rapid evaluation and optimal decision-making of thermal storage schemes.

[0005] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a method for rapid evaluation and optimization of thermal storage schemes is provided, comprising the following steps: Step S1: Establish a database of thermal properties of thermal storage materials; Step S2: Select the appropriate heat storage device type for solid sensible heat storage, liquid sensible heat storage, and phase change latent heat storage respectively; Step S3: Based on the operating temperature range of the thermal storage materials in the thermal property database, the thermal storage materials are initially screened according to the temperature matching principle. Step S4: Based on the constraints of the volume limitation of the thermal storage scheme, calculate the structural parameters of the thermal storage device and the mass of the heat exchange fluid and thermal storage material; Step S5: Establish transient simulation models of thermal storage devices for solid-state sensible heat storage, liquid-state sensible heat storage, and phase change latent heat storage respectively; Step S6: Based on the transient simulation model of the thermal storage device, calculate the changing trends of key parameters of each thermal storage device during the thermal storage process; Step S7: Calculate the performance evaluation index of the thermal storage device based on the structural parameters of the thermal storage device, the mass of the heat exchange fluid and thermal storage material, the changing trend of key parameters of each thermal storage device during the thermal storage process, and the thermal storage time. Step S8: Normalize the performance evaluation indicators of each thermal storage device. Step S9: Determine the weighting factors of performance evaluation indicators based on the specific application scenario requirements; Step S10: After weighting and sorting the performance evaluation indicators, the thermal storage scheme with the highest score is selected as the optimal thermal storage scheme.

[0006] Optionally, in step S2, the liquid sensible heat storage adopts a dual-tank heat storage structure; the solid sensible heat storage and the phase change latent heat storage both adopt a packed bed structure.

[0007] Optionally, in the thermal property database of thermal storage materials, the thermal property data of the thermal storage materials includes the operating temperature range of the thermal storage materials. T lower ~ T upper Melting point of phase change materials T m Phase change enthalpy of phase change materials ΔH ,density r Specific heat capacity c p Thermal conductivity l and dynamic viscosity n .

[0008] Optionally, in step S3, the liquid sensible heat storage adopts an indirect heat exchange method, while the solid sensible heat storage and the phase change latent heat storage both adopt a direct heat exchange method.

[0009] Optionally, in step S5, the calculation formula for the transient simulation model of the liquid sensible heat storage device is as follows: ; In the above formula, This refers to the mass flow rate of the liquid sensible heat storage material. and These are the enthalpy values ​​of the heat storage materials in the high-temperature tank and the low-temperature tank, respectively. The mass flow rate of the heat exchange fluid. and These are the inlet and outlet enthalpy values ​​of the heat exchange fluid, respectively.

[0010] Optionally, in step S5, the calculation formula for the transient simulation model of the solid-state sensible heat storage device is as follows: ; ; In the above formula, Porosity r f The density of the heat exchange fluid, c p,f The specific heat capacity of the heat exchange fluid. The temperature of the heat exchange fluid. The sign of the partial derivative. The mass flow rate of the heat exchange fluid. t For time, A The cross-sectional area of ​​the thermal storage tank. x For the height of the thermal storage tank, k f The thermal conductivity of the heat transfer fluid is denoted as . T s,s This refers to the temperature of solid-state sensible heat storage materials. h v The convective heat transfer coefficient between the thermal storage unit and the heat exchange fluid. h w The convective heat transfer coefficient between the thermal storage tank and the environment. R out The outer radius of the thermal storage tank, R in The inner radius of the thermal storage tank, For ambient temperature, Density of solid sensible heat storage material Specific heat capacity of solid-state sensible heat storage materials r The radial distance of the thermal storage unit. k s,s is the thermal conductivity of a solid-state sensible heat storage material.

[0011] Optionally, in step S5, the calculation formula for the transient simulation model of the phase change latent heat storage device is as follows: ; ; ; In the above formula, Porosity r f The density of the heat exchange fluid, c p,f The specific heat capacity of the heat exchange fluid. The temperature of the heat exchange fluid. The sign of the partial derivative. The mass flow rate of the heat exchange fluid. AThe cross-sectional area of ​​the thermal storage tank. x For the height of the thermal storage tank, k f The thermal conductivity of the heat transfer fluid is denoted as . h v The convective heat transfer coefficient between the thermal storage unit and the heat exchange fluid. h w The convective heat transfer coefficient between the thermal storage tank and the environment. R out The outer radius of the thermal storage tank, R in The inner radius of the thermal storage tank, For ambient temperature, T shell Temperature of the shell material. r The radial distance of the thermal storage unit. k sheell The thermal conductivity of the shell material is... Density of the shell material c p,shell T represents the specific heat capacity of the shell material. l K represents the temperature of the latent heat storage material for phase change. l The thermal conductivity of the latent heat storage material for phase change is... Density of latent heat storage material for phase change c p,l This refers to the specific heat capacity of the latent heat storage material for phase change.

[0012] Optionally, in step S7, for liquid sensible heat storage, the performance evaluation indicators of the heat storage device include heat storage rate, heat storage efficiency, mass energy density and volumetric energy density.

[0013] Optionally, in step S7, for solid-state sensible heat storage, the performance evaluation indicators of the heat storage device include heat storage rate, heat storage efficiency, mass energy density, and volumetric energy density.

[0014] Optionally, in step S7, for phase change latent heat storage, the performance evaluation indicators of the heat storage device include heat storage rate, heat storage efficiency, mass energy density and volumetric energy density.

[0015] One technical advantage of this invention is that: In the embodiments of this application, the rapid evaluation and optimization decision-making method for thermal storage schemes is reasonably designed. It can make scientific and optimal selection of thermal storage schemes for specific application scenarios and obtain the optimal thermal storage scheme decision quickly and efficiently. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a rapid evaluation and optimization decision-making method for a thermal storage scheme according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of a dual-tank thermal storage structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a packed bed thermal storage structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0017] Various exemplary embodiments of the present application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present application.

[0018] The embodiments of this application will now be described in detail. Examples of these embodiments are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0019] According to a first aspect of the invention, see Figure 1 This paper provides a method for rapid evaluation and optimal decision-making of thermal storage schemes, including the following steps: Step S1: Establish a database of thermal properties of thermal storage materials; For example, thermophysical property data of common thermal storage materials can be obtained through literature review or actual measurement.

[0020] Step S2 involves selecting the appropriate heat storage device type for solid-state sensible heat storage, liquid-state sensible heat storage, and phase change latent heat storage.

[0021] Step S3: Based on the operating temperature range of the thermal storage materials in the thermal property database, the thermal storage materials are initially screened according to the temperature matching principle.

[0022] Step S4: Based on the constraints of the volume limitation of the thermal storage scheme, calculate the structural parameters of the thermal storage device and the mass of the heat exchange fluid and thermal storage material.

[0023] Step S5: Establish transient simulation models of the thermal storage devices for solid-state sensible heat storage, liquid-state sensible heat storage, and phase change latent heat storage.

[0024] Step S6: Based on the transient simulation model of the thermal storage device, calculate the changing trends of key parameters of each thermal storage device during the thermal storage process.

[0025] Step S7: Calculate the performance evaluation index of the thermal storage device based on the structural parameters of the thermal storage device, the mass of the heat exchange fluid and thermal storage material, the changing trend of key parameters of each thermal storage device during the thermal storage process, and the thermal storage time.

[0026] Step S8: Normalize the performance evaluation indicators of each thermal storage device.

[0027] Step S9: Determine the weighting factors of performance evaluation indicators based on the specific application scenario requirements. This includes considering factors such as the known type, flow rate, and temperature of the heat exchange fluid, and the volume limitations of the thermal storage scheme.

[0028] Step S10: After weighting and sorting the performance evaluation indicators, the thermal storage scheme with the highest score is selected as the optimal thermal storage scheme.

[0029] In the embodiments of this application, the rapid evaluation and optimization decision-making method for thermal storage schemes is reasonably designed. It can make scientific and optimal selection of thermal storage schemes for specific application scenarios and obtain the optimal thermal storage scheme decision quickly and efficiently.

[0030] In one specific implementation, for a particular application scenario, i.e., the thermophysical parameters of the heat exchange fluid are known, including density... r f Specific heat capacity c p,f Thermal conductivity k f Dynamic viscosity n f mass flow rate ,temperature Volume limitations of thermal storage solutions V tot .

[0031] Optionally, see Figure 2 and Figure 3 In step S2, the liquid sensible heat storage adopts a dual-tank heat storage structure; the solid sensible heat storage and the phase change latent heat storage both adopt a packed bed structure.

[0032] Optionally, in the thermal property database of thermal storage materials, the thermal property data of the thermal storage materials includes the operating temperature range of the thermal storage materials. T lower ~ T upper Melting point of phase change materials T m Phase change enthalpy of phase change materials ΔH ,density r Specific heat capacity c p Thermal conductivity l and dynamic viscosity n .

[0033] In the above embodiments, the setting of the thermal property database of thermal storage materials is relatively reasonable, which helps to accurately calculate the performance evaluation index of thermal storage device based on the thermal property database of thermal storage materials.

[0034] Optionally, in step S3, the liquid sensible heat storage adopts an indirect heat exchange method. T hot (High-temperature tank) = - (Upper end difference), among which Determined by technical personnel; both solid-state sensible heat storage and phase change latent heat storage employ direct heat exchange, and the temperature of the heat exchange fluid should always remain within the operating temperature range of the storage material, i.e. T lower < < T upper This allows all types of thermal storage to have a reasonable heat exchange method.

[0035] Optionally, in step S5, the calculation formula for the transient simulation model of the liquid sensible heat storage device is as follows: ; In the above formula, This refers to the mass flow rate of the liquid sensible heat storage material. and These are the enthalpy values ​​of the heat storage materials in the high-temperature tank and the low-temperature tank, respectively. The mass flow rate of the heat exchange fluid. and These are the inlet and outlet enthalpy values ​​of the heat exchange fluid, respectively.

[0036] In the above embodiments, the calculation formula of the transient simulation model of the liquid sensible heat storage device is relatively reasonable.

[0037] For example, for liquid sensible heat storage, the tank diameter for: ,in, V tot Due to volume limitations of the thermal storage scheme. Tank height. for: The quality of thermal storage materials for: ,in, d This is the residual coefficient. The density of liquid sensible heat storage material, V tot Due to volume limitations of thermal storage solutions.

[0038] For solid-state sensible thermal storage, the tank diameter for: ,in, Vtot Due to volume limitations of the thermal storage solution, d This is a margin factor. Effective tank height. for The quality of thermal storage materials for: ,in, V tot Due to volume limitations of the thermal storage solution, d This is the residual coefficient. Density of solid sensible heat storage material; mass of heat transfer fluid for: ,in, Porosity r f The density of the heat exchange fluid, V tot Due to volume limitations of the thermal storage solution, d This is the margin coefficient.

[0039] For phase change sensible heat storage, the tank diameter for: ,in, V tot Due to volume limitations of the thermal storage solution, d This is a margin factor. Effective tank height. for The quality of thermal storage materials for: ,in, Porosity The volume ratio of the hollow region of the thermal storage unit. The proportion of phase change material in the volume of the hollow region of the thermal storage unit. V tot Due to volume limitations of the thermal storage solution, d This is the residual coefficient. Density of the latent heat storage material for phase change. Mass of the shell material. for: ,in, Porosity The volume ratio of the hollow region of the thermal storage unit. d This is the residual coefficient. V tot Due to volume limitations of the thermal storage solution, Let be the density of the shell material. The mass of the heat exchange fluid in the tank is: ,in, Porosity d This is the residual coefficient. V tot Due to volume limitations of the thermal storage solution, r f The density of the heat exchange fluid.

[0040] Optionally, in step S5, the calculation formula for the transient simulation model of the solid-state sensible heat storage device is as follows: ; ; In the above formula, Porosity r f The density of the heat exchange fluid, c p,f The specific heat capacity of the heat exchange fluid. The temperature of the heat exchange fluid. The sign of the partial derivative. The mass flow rate of the heat exchange fluid. t For time, A The cross-sectional area of ​​the thermal storage tank. x For the height of the thermal storage tank, k f The thermal conductivity of the heat transfer fluid is denoted as . T s,s This refers to the temperature of solid-state sensible heat storage materials. h v The convective heat transfer coefficient between the thermal storage unit and the heat exchange fluid. h w The convective heat transfer coefficient between the thermal storage tank and the environment. R out The outer radius of the thermal storage tank, R in The inner radius of the thermal storage tank, For ambient temperature, Density of solid sensible heat storage material Specific heat capacity of solid-state sensible heat storage materials r The radial distance of the thermal storage unit. k s,s is the thermal conductivity of a solid-state sensible heat storage material.

[0041] In the above embodiments, the calculation formula of the transient simulation model of the solid sensible heat storage device is relatively reasonable.

[0042] Optionally, in step S5, the calculation formula for the transient simulation model of the phase change latent heat storage device is as follows: ; ; ; In the above formula, Porosity r f The density of the heat exchange fluid, c p,fThe specific heat capacity of the heat exchange fluid. The temperature of the heat exchange fluid. The sign of the partial derivative. The mass flow rate of the heat exchange fluid. A The cross-sectional area of ​​the thermal storage tank. x For the height of the thermal storage tank, k f The thermal conductivity of the heat transfer fluid is denoted as . h v The convective heat transfer coefficient between the thermal storage unit and the heat exchange fluid. h w The convective heat transfer coefficient between the thermal storage tank and the environment. R out The outer radius of the thermal storage tank, R in The inner radius of the thermal storage tank, For ambient temperature, T shell Temperature of the shell material. r The radial distance of the thermal storage unit. k sheell The thermal conductivity of the shell material is... Density of the shell material c p,shell T represents the specific heat capacity of the shell material. l K represents the temperature of the latent heat storage material for phase change. l The thermal conductivity of the latent heat storage material for phase change is... Density of latent heat storage material for phase change c p,l This refers to the specific heat capacity of the latent heat storage material for phase change.

[0043] In the above embodiments, the calculation formula of the transient simulation model of the phase change latent heat storage device is relatively reasonable.

[0044] In step S6, for liquid sensible heat storage, the volume change of the heat storage material in the high-temperature tank and the low-temperature tank over time is as follows: .

[0045] In the formula, t For time, This refers to the volume of the heat storage material inside the high-temperature tank. This refers to the volume of the heat storage material inside the cryogenic tank.

[0046] For solid-state sensible thermal storage: the temperature changes of the heat exchange fluid and storage material inside the storage tank over time are as follows: .

[0047] In the formula, The temperature of the heat exchange fluid. The temperature is the solid-state sensible heat storage material temperature.

[0048] For phase change latent heat storage: the temperature changes of the heat exchange fluid, shell material, and storage material inside the storage tank over time are as follows: .

[0049] In the formula, T represents the temperature of the heat exchange fluid. shell T represents the temperature of the shell material. l The temperature is the temperature of the latent heat storage material for phase change.

[0050] Optionally, in step S7, for liquid sensible heat storage, the performance evaluation indicators of the heat storage device include heat storage rate, heat storage efficiency, mass energy density, and volumetric energy density. This helps to accurately define the performance evaluation indicators of the heat storage device for liquid sensible heat storage, thereby facilitating the decision-making process for the heat storage scheme with the highest score.

[0051] In one specific implementation, the formula for calculating the heat storage rate for liquid sensible heat storage is as follows: ; ; In the formula, t ini and t end These represent the start and end times of thermal storage, respectively. This refers to the mass flow rate of the liquid sensible heat storage material. and These are the enthalpy values ​​of the heat storage materials in the high-temperature tank and the low-temperature tank, respectively. To store heat in liquid sensible heat storage The heat storage rate of liquid sensible heat storage.

[0052] The formula for calculating thermal storage efficiency is as follows: ; In the formula, To store heat in liquid sensible heat storage t ini and t end These represent the start and end times of thermal storage, respectively. To improve the thermal efficiency of liquid sensible heat storage. The mass flow rate of the heat exchange fluid. The inlet enthalpy of the heat exchange fluid. The enthalpy of the heat exchange fluid is given at the reference temperature (15.2℃).

[0053] The formula for calculating mass energy density is as follows: .

[0054] In the formula, For liquid sensible heat storage mass energy density, To store heat in liquid sensible heat storage The quality of liquid sensible heat storage materials.

[0055] The formula for calculating volumetric energy density is as follows: .

[0056] In the formula, The volumetric energy density of liquid sensible heat storage. To store heat in liquid sensible heat storage Due to volume limitations of thermal storage solutions.

[0057] Optionally, in step S7, for solid-state sensible heat storage, the performance evaluation indicators of the heat storage device include heat storage rate, heat storage efficiency, mass energy density, and volumetric energy density. This helps to accurately define the performance evaluation indicators of the heat storage device for solid-state sensible heat storage, thereby facilitating the decision-making process for the heat storage scheme with the highest score.

[0058] In one specific implementation, the formula for calculating the heat storage rate for solid-state sensible heat storage is as follows: ; ; In the formula, t ini and t end These represent the start and end times of thermal storage, respectively. Specific heat capacity of solid-state sensible heat storage materials For the quality of solid-state sensible heat storage materials, The specific heat capacity of the heat exchange fluid. For the mass of the heat exchange fluid, For storing heat in solid-state sensible heat storage, The heat storage rate of solid-state sensible heat storage.

[0059] The formula for calculating thermal storage efficiency is as follows: ; In the formula, t ini and t end These represent the start and end times of thermal storage, respectively. To improve the thermal efficiency of solid-state sensible heat storage, For storing heat in solid-state sensible heat storage, The mass flow rate of the heat exchange fluid. The inlet enthalpy of the heat exchange fluid. The enthalpy of the heat exchange fluid is given at the reference temperature (15.2℃).

[0060] The formula for calculating mass energy density is as follows: .

[0061] In the formula, For solid-state sensible thermal storage mass energy density, For storing heat in solid-state sensible heat storage, For the quality of solid-state sensible heat storage materials, The mass of the heat exchange fluid.

[0062] The formula for calculating volumetric energy density is as follows: .

[0063] In the formula, For solid-state sensible thermal storage volumetric energy density, For storing heat in solid-state sensible heat storage, Due to volume limitations of thermal storage solutions.

[0064] Optionally, in step S7, for phase change latent heat storage, the performance evaluation indicators of the thermal storage device include the storage rate, storage efficiency, mass energy density, and volumetric energy density. This helps to accurately define the performance evaluation indicators of the thermal storage device for phase change latent heat storage, thereby facilitating the decision-making of the thermal storage scheme with the highest score.

[0065] In one specific implementation, the formula for calculating the heat storage rate for phase change latent heat storage is as follows: ; ; In the formula, t ini and t end These represent the start and end times of thermal storage, respectively. The specific heat capacity of the latent heat storage material for phase change. For the quality of latent heat storage materials for phase change, The phase change enthalpy of latent heat storage materials. The specific heat capacity of the shell material. For the quality of the shell material, The specific heat capacity of the heat exchange fluid. For the mass of the heat exchange fluid, To store heat for latent heat of phase change, The heat storage rate for latent heat storage due to phase change.

[0066] The formula for calculating thermal storage efficiency is as follows: ; In the formula, t ini and t end These represent the start and end times of thermal storage, respectively. To improve the heat storage efficiency of latent heat storage for phase change, To store heat for latent heat of phase change, The mass flow rate of the heat exchange fluid. The inlet enthalpy of the heat exchange fluid. The enthalpy of the heat exchange fluid is given at the reference temperature (15.2℃).

[0067] The formula for calculating mass energy density is as follows: .

[0068] In the formula, The mass energy density stored as latent heat of phase change. To store heat for latent heat of phase change, For the quality of latent heat storage materials for phase change, For the quality of the shell material, The mass of the heat exchange fluid.

[0069] The formula for calculating volumetric energy density is as follows: .

[0070] In the formula, The volumetric energy density of the latent heat of phase change storage. To store heat for latent heat of phase change, Due to volume limitations of thermal storage solutions.

[0071] In step S8, the performance evaluation indicators of each thermal storage device are normalized using the following formula: ; ; ; .

[0072] In the formula, P For the heat storage rate, For heat storage efficiency, For mass energy density, Volumetric energy density, subscript i Indicates the first i There are several thermal storage schemes, where max represents the maximum value among all thermal storage schemes.

[0073] For example, in step S9, the weighting factors of the performance evaluation index are determined as shown in Table 1.

[0074] Table 1 shows the weighting factors for performance evaluation indicators.

[0075] Furthermore, in step S10, the performance evaluation indicators are weighted and ranked, and the thermal storage scheme with the highest score is determined using the following formula: .

[0076] Example 1 Using the rapid evaluation and optimization decision-making method for thermal storage schemes proposed in this invention, a thermal storage scheme is optimized for high-temperature flue gas with a temperature of 640℃ and a flow rate of 100kg / s, with the volume of the thermal storage scheme limited to 300m³. 3 The optimal results are shown in Table 2. Ternary molten salt received the highest score, therefore, the optimal thermal storage solution is ternary molten salt liquid sensible heat storage. The entire thermal storage solution optimization process took no more than 10 minutes, demonstrating that this invention can quickly and scientifically provide the optimal thermal storage solution decision for specific application scenarios.

[0077] Table 2 shows the results of the thermal storage scheme optimization using this application.

[0078] It is understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary implementations used to illustrate the principles of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for rapid evaluation and optimal decision-making of thermal storage schemes, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S1: Establish a database of thermal properties of thermal storage materials; Step S2: Select the appropriate heat storage device type for solid sensible heat storage, liquid sensible heat storage, and phase change latent heat storage respectively; Step S3: Based on the operating temperature range of the thermal storage materials in the thermal property database, the thermal storage materials are initially screened according to the temperature matching principle. Step S4: Based on the constraints of the volume limitation of the thermal storage scheme, calculate the structural parameters of the thermal storage device and the mass of the heat exchange fluid and thermal storage material; Step S5: Establish transient simulation models of thermal storage devices for solid-state sensible heat storage, liquid-state sensible heat storage, and phase change latent heat storage respectively; Step S6: Based on the transient simulation model of the thermal storage device, calculate the changing trends of key parameters of each thermal storage device during the thermal storage process; Step S7: Calculate the performance evaluation index of the thermal storage device based on the structural parameters of the thermal storage device, the mass of the heat exchange fluid and thermal storage material, the changing trend of key parameters of each thermal storage device during the thermal storage process, and the thermal storage time. Step S8: Normalize the performance evaluation indicators of each thermal storage device. Step S9: Determine the weighting factors of performance evaluation indicators based on the specific application scenario requirements; Step S10: After weighting and sorting the performance evaluation indicators, the thermal storage scheme with the highest score is selected as the optimal thermal storage scheme.

2. The rapid evaluation and optimization decision-making method for thermal storage schemes according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the liquid sensible heat storage adopts a dual-tank heat storage structure; the solid sensible heat storage and the phase change latent heat storage both adopt a packed bed structure.

3. The rapid evaluation and optimization decision-making method for thermal storage schemes according to claim 2, characterized in that, The thermal property database for thermal storage materials includes the operating temperature range of the materials. T lower ~ T upper Melting point of phase change materials T m Phase change enthalpy of phase change materials ΔH ,density ρ Specific heat capacity c p Thermal conductivity λ and dynamic viscosity ν .

4. The rapid evaluation and optimization decision-making method for thermal storage schemes according to claim 3, characterized in that, In step S3, liquid sensible heat storage adopts an indirect heat exchange method, while solid sensible heat storage and phase change latent heat storage both adopt a direct heat exchange method.

5. The rapid evaluation and optimization decision-making method for thermal storage schemes according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S5, the calculation formula for the transient simulation model of the liquid sensible heat storage device is as follows: ； In the above formula, This refers to the mass flow rate of the liquid sensible heat storage material. and These are the enthalpy values ​​of the heat storage materials in the high-temperature tank and the low-temperature tank, respectively. The mass flow rate of the heat exchange fluid. and These are the inlet and outlet enthalpy values ​​of the heat exchange fluid, respectively.

6. The rapid evaluation and optimization decision-making method for thermal storage schemes according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step S5, the calculation formula for the transient simulation model of the solid-state sensible heat storage device is as follows: ； ； In the above formula, Porosity ρ f The density of the heat exchange fluid, c p,f The specific heat capacity of the heat exchange fluid. The temperature of the heat exchange fluid. The sign of the partial derivative. The mass flow rate of the heat exchange fluid. t For time, A The cross-sectional area of ​​the thermal storage tank. x For the height of the thermal storage tank, k f The thermal conductivity of the heat transfer fluid is denoted as . T s,s This refers to the temperature of solid-state sensible heat storage materials. h v The convective heat transfer coefficient between the thermal storage unit and the heat exchange fluid. h w The convective heat transfer coefficient between the thermal storage tank and the environment. R out The outer radius of the thermal storage tank, R in The inner radius of the thermal storage tank, For ambient temperature, Density of solid sensible heat storage material Specific heat capacity of solid-state sensible heat storage materials r The radial distance of the thermal storage unit. k s,s is the thermal conductivity of a solid-state sensible heat storage material.

7. The rapid evaluation and optimization decision-making method for thermal storage schemes according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step S5, the calculation formula for the transient simulation model of the phase change latent heat storage device is as follows: ； ； ； In the above formula, Porosity ρ f The density of the heat exchange fluid, c p,f The specific heat capacity of the heat exchange fluid. The temperature of the heat exchange fluid. The sign of the partial derivative. The mass flow rate of the heat exchange fluid. A The cross-sectional area of ​​the thermal storage tank. x For the height of the thermal storage tank, k f The thermal conductivity of the heat transfer fluid is denoted as . h v The convective heat transfer coefficient between the thermal storage unit and the heat exchange fluid. h w The convective heat transfer coefficient between the thermal storage tank and the environment. R out The outer radius of the thermal storage tank, R in The inner radius of the thermal storage tank, For ambient temperature, T shell Temperature of the shell material. r The radial distance of the thermal storage unit. k sheell The thermal conductivity of the shell material is... Density of the shell material c p,shell T represents the specific heat capacity of the shell material. l K represents the temperature of the latent heat storage material for phase change. l The thermal conductivity of the latent heat storage material for phase change is... Density of latent heat storage material for phase change c p,l This refers to the specific heat capacity of the latent heat storage material for phase change.

8. The rapid evaluation and optimization decision-making method for thermal storage schemes according to claim 7, characterized in that, In step S7, for liquid sensible heat storage, the performance evaluation indicators of the heat storage device include heat storage rate, heat storage efficiency, mass energy density and volume energy density.

9. The rapid evaluation and optimization decision-making method for thermal storage schemes according to claim 8, characterized in that, In step S7, for solid-state sensible heat storage, the performance evaluation indicators of the heat storage device include heat storage rate, heat storage efficiency, mass energy density, and volumetric energy density.

10. The rapid evaluation and optimization decision-making method for thermal storage schemes according to claim 9, characterized in that, In step S7, for phase change latent heat storage, the performance evaluation indicators of the heat storage device include heat storage rate, heat storage efficiency, mass energy density and volumetric energy density.

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