Nuclear fusion reactor vacuum chamber, manufacturing method thereof and Tokamak device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of nuclear fusion devices, in particular to a nuclear fusion reactor vacuum chamber, a manufacturing method of the nuclear fusion reactor vacuum chamber and a Tokamak device, the nuclear fusion reactor vacuum chamber comprises an inner shell, a polar rib plate, a neckband plate, a penetrating type connecting block and a plurality of outer shell plates, a containing cavity is formed in the inner shell, and a penetrating window penetrating to the containing cavity is formed in the outer side wall of the inner shell; the collar plate is arranged on the outer side wall of the inner shell and surrounds the penetrating window, the penetrating type connecting piece penetrates through the inner shell and protrudes out of the outer side wall of the inner shell, the polar rib plate is arranged on the outer side wall of the inner shell, the inner shell and at least two of the collar plate, the polar rib plate and the penetrating type connecting piece define a plurality of outer grooves, and the outer shell plates cover the outer grooves respectively. And the groove wall is connected with the outer groove. In conclusion, the nuclear fusion reactor vacuum chamber can have extremely high strength, the welding amount is small, welding deformation can be easily controlled, and therefore the manufacturing process of the nuclear fusion reactor vacuum chamber is simple and convenient, and the manufacturing efficiency is high.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of nuclear fusion devices, in particular to a nuclear fusion reactor vacuum chamber, a manufacturing method thereof and a tokamak device. BACKGROUND

[0002] The vacuum chamber is the largest toroidal nuclear safety component closest to the reactor core in a magnetic confinement nuclear fusion device, which provides a high-quality vacuum environment and the first safety barrier for the stable operation of high-temperature plasma, surrounds the internal components (the blanket structure and the divertor) and provides reliable support for them.

[0003] Traditional tokamak devices (such as EAST, JT-60SA, KSATA, JET) usually use a vacuum chamber with a shell in-lay ring welding structure. Since these devices have low fusion power and small nuclear heat load, the internal components are mostly limiters rather than blanket structures, and the mass is relatively light, so the load requirement of the in-lay ring is relatively limited, and the strength of the vacuum chamber is not high. In the future, in addition to bearing the blanket structure and the divertor, the future commercial nuclear fusion reactor may also face extreme conditions such as plasma disruption (MD) and vertical displacement events (VDE). The internal components will bring a high instantaneous thermal and electromagnetic load impact of up to 100,000 tons under electromagnetic failure state. These huge impact forces will be transmitted to the vacuum chamber through the connecting structure. Therefore, the vacuum chamber used for the future commercial nuclear fusion reactor needs to have extremely high strength, and the vacuum chamber used in the traditional tokamak device is not suitable for the future commercial nuclear fusion reactor.

[0004] At present, in order to cope with such a high-strength requirement scenario, a vacuum chamber including many small module structures is designed, one small module corresponds to a plurality of "Housing" connecting structures and a plurality of reinforcing rib plates, which need to be welded a large number of times during manufacturing, resulting in a very complex and lengthy manufacturing process, and the huge amount of welding makes it difficult to control the welding deformation, so that the manufacturing process of such a vacuum chamber is more troublesome and the manufacturing efficiency is low. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide a nuclear fusion reactor vacuum chamber and a manufacturing method thereof, and a tokamak device, to solve the technical problems of the current high-strength nuclear fusion reactor vacuum chamber manufacturing being troublesome and having low manufacturing efficiency.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present application provides a nuclear fusion reactor vacuum chamber, comprising an inner shell, a poloidal rib plate, a collar plate, a through-type connecting block, and a plurality of outer shell plates, the inner shell is internally provided with a containing cavity, the outer sidewall of the inner shell is provided with a through window penetrating into the containing cavity, the collar plate is arranged on the outer sidewall of the inner shell and surrounds the through window, the through-type connecting block penetrates through the inner shell and protrudes from the outer sidewall of the inner shell, part of the through-type connecting block extends into the containing cavity, the poloidal rib plate is arranged on the outer sidewall of the inner shell, the extension direction of the through-type connecting block and the extension direction of the poloidal rib plate have a first included angle, the first included angle is > 0°, the inner shell, the collar plate, the poloidal rib plate and the through-type connecting block at least two of them enclose a plurality of outer grooves, and a plurality of outer shell plates are respectively arranged on each outer groove and connected to the groove wall of the outer groove.

[0007] Optionally, a plurality of through-type connecting blocks are included, the through-type connecting blocks are divided into a first connecting block, a second connecting block and a third connecting block arranged in sequence and spaced from top to bottom, the first connecting block and the third connecting block extend inwardly into the containing cavity, the first connecting block is used for arranging a guide rail, the second connecting block is used for positioning and fixing a blanket structure, and the third connecting block is used for supporting the blanket structure.

[0008] Optionally, one end of the first connecting block towards the containing cavity is provided with a first connecting part, the top surface of the first connecting part is used for arranging a guide rail, and the bottom surface of the first connecting part is provided with a avoiding part, the distance between the avoiding part and the first connecting part in the upward and downward direction gradually decreases from the direction close to the inner shell to the direction away from the inner shell.

[0009] Optionally, the end surface of one end of the second connecting block towards the containing cavity is provided with a mounting groove, the groove wall of the mounting groove is provided with a mounting inclined surface, the groove bottom of the mounting groove is provided with a mounting hole, and the hole wall of the mounting hole is provided with a thread.

[0010] Optionally, the mounting inclined surface extends to the groove bottom of the mounting groove, and has a spacing between the mounting inclined surface and the groove opening of the mounting groove, the depth of the mounting inclined surface is h, the width of the bottom of the mounting inclined surface in the upward and downward direction is f, the inclination angle of the mounting inclined surface is j, and the distance from the bottom of the mounting inclined surface to the groove opening of the mounting groove is i, and the height of the second connecting block is g, wherein h≤f≤1 / 3i≤1 / 4g, j≥100°.

[0011] Optionally, one end of the third connecting block towards the containing cavity is provided with a third connecting part, the top surface of the third connecting part is provided with a receiving groove, and the groove wall of the receiving groove is provided with a receiving inclined surface.

[0012] Optionally, the inclination angle of the receiving inclined surface is a, the depth of the receiving groove is b, the width of the bottom of the receiving groove is d, the height of the third connecting part in the up-down direction is c, and the distance of the third connecting part protruding from the accommodating cavity is e, wherein b≤d≤1 / 3c≤1 / 4e, and a≥100°.

[0013] Optionally, the plurality of collar plates are divided into a first surrounding plate, a second surrounding plate and a third surrounding plate, the inner shell is provided with a plurality of through windows, the through windows are divided into first windows, second windows and third windows arranged in sequence and spaced from top to bottom, the first surrounding plate is arranged around the first window, the second surrounding plate is arranged around the second window, and the third surrounding plate is arranged around the third window, one side or both sides of the first window along the width direction is provided with the first connecting block, one side or both sides of the second window along the width direction is provided with the second connecting block, and the third connecting block is arranged between the second window and the second window, and the outer shell is provided with a plurality of through connecting blocks on both sides relative to the depth direction. Part of the polar rib plates are arranged between and connected to the first connecting block and the second connecting block, part of the polar rib plates are arranged between and connected to the first surrounding plate and the second surrounding plate, part of the polar rib plates are arranged between and connected to the first surrounding plate and the second connecting block, part of the polar rib plates are arranged between and connected to the second connecting block and the third connecting block, part of the polar rib plates are arranged between and connected to the second surrounding plate and the third connecting block, part of the polar rib plates are arranged between and connected to the third surrounding plate and the third connecting block, part of the polar rib plates are arranged above the first connecting block on both sides along the depth direction and connected to the two first connecting blocks, and part of the polar rib plates are arranged below the third connecting block on both sides along the depth direction and connected to the two third connecting blocks.

[0014] The application also relates to a manufacturing method of a nuclear fusion reactor vacuum chamber, comprising the following steps: S1, combining each inner shell, collar plate and through connecting block together to form a ring-shaped component, and connecting them together by welding; S2, welding each polar rib plate on the outer side wall of the inner shell to form a plurality of outer grooves; S3, arranging an outer shell plate cover on the outer grooves, and welding the outer shell plate to the groove wall of the outer grooves.

[0015] The application also relates to a tokamak device comprising a divertor, a blanket structure and the aforementioned nuclear fusion reactor vacuum chamber, wherein the divertor and the blanket structure are arranged in the accommodating cavity, and the blanket structure is connected to the through-type connecting block Compared with the prior art, the nuclear fusion reactor vacuum chamber and the manufacturing method thereof and the tokamak device have the following beneficial effects: In the nuclear fusion reactor vacuum chamber, the through-type connecting block penetrates the inner shell outwardly and extends, and a first included angle between an extension direction of the through-type connecting block and an extension direction of the polar rib plate arranged on the outer side wall of the inner shell is greater than 0°. In combination with the collar plate arranged around the through window, the outer side wall of the inner shell can be used as a groove bottom, and any two of the side wall of the through-type connecting block, the side wall of the polar rib plate and the side wall of the collar plate can be used as groove walls to form an outer groove. The outer side wall of the inner shell can also be used as a groove bottom, and the three of the side wall of the through-type connecting block, the side wall of the polar rib plate and the side wall of the collar plate can be used as groove walls to form an outer groove. The outer side wall of the inner shell forms a multi-format outer groove structure. Further, the outer shell plate is correspondingly covered on the outer groove and connected to the groove walls, and finally forms a frame-panel composite bearing structure. The structure can disperse the impact force to the overall frame composed of the through-type connecting block, the polar rib plate, the collar plate and the outer shell plate, greatly improves the impact resistance and overall rigidity of the vacuum chamber, and meets the strength requirements of future commercial nuclear fusion reactors. Further, when manufacturing the vacuum chamber, only the inner shell, the collar plate and the through-type connecting block are combined and welded first, then the polar rib plate is welded, and finally the outer shell plate is covered and welded. The number of welding times is relatively small, the total amount of welding is small, the welding deformation can be easily controlled, the manufacturing process is significantly simplified, and the manufacturing efficiency is improved. In addition, part of the through-type connecting block extends into the accommodating cavity, and can support, guide, position and fix the internal components. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the tokamak device.

[0017] Figure 2 It is a top view of the tokamak device.

[0018] Figure 3 It is Figure 2 A-A sectional view.

[0019] Figure 4 It is a sectional view of the tokamak device at the first connecting block.

[0020] Figure 5 It is a sectional view of the tokamak device at the second connecting block.

[0021] Figure 6 It is a sectional view of the tokamak device at the third connecting block.

[0022] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of the nuclear fusion reactor vacuum chamber after step S1 of the manufacturing method of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of the nuclear fusion reactor vacuum chamber after step S2 of the manufacturing method of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the structure of the nuclear fusion reactor vacuum chamber after step S3 of the manufacturing method of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 10 This is a flowchart of the manufacturing method of the present invention.

[0026] Reference numerals: 1. Vacuum chamber of nuclear fusion reactor; 11. Inner shell; 111. Receiving cavity; 112. Through window; 1121. First window; 1122. Second window; 1123. Third window; 12. Polar rib; 13. Collar plate; 131. First enclosure plate; 132. Second enclosure plate; 133. Third enclosure plate; 14. Through-type connecting block; 141. First connecting block; 1411. First connecting part; 1412. Clearance part; 142. Second connecting block; 1421. Mounting groove; 1422. Mounting slope; 1423. Mounting hole; 143. Third connecting block; 1431. Third connecting part; 1432. Receiving groove; 1433. Receiving slope; 15. Outer shell plate; 16. Outer groove; 2. Cladding structure; 21. Connecting end; 3. Divertor; 4. Guide rail. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0028] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "circumferential", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0029] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0030] Referring to Figures 1 to 9, a nuclear fusion reactor vacuum chamber 1 of the present invention includes an inner shell 11, a polar rib 12, a collar plate 13, a through-type connecting block 14, and a plurality of outer shell plates 15. The inner shell 11 has a receiving cavity 111, and the outer side wall of the inner shell 11 has a through window 112 extending into the receiving cavity 111. The collar plate 13 is disposed on the outer side wall of the inner shell 11 and surrounds the through window 112. The through-type connecting block extends through the inner shell 11 and protrudes from the outer side of the inner shell 11. The inner shell 11 is provided with a wall, and part of the through-type connector extends into the receiving cavity 111. The polar rib 12 is provided on the outer side wall of the inner shell 11. The extension direction of the through-type connector and the extension direction of the polar rib 12 have a first included angle, the first included angle > 0°. The inner shell 11, the collar plate 13, the polar rib 12 and the through-type connector form a plurality of outer grooves 16. A plurality of outer shell plates 15 are respectively covered on each of the outer grooves 16 and connected to the groove wall of the outer groove 16.

[0031] In the above technical solution, in the vacuum chamber 1 of the nuclear fusion reactor of the present invention, the through-type connecting block 14 extends outward through the inner shell 11 and is arranged with a first included angle greater than 0° between its extension direction and the extension direction of the polar stiffener provided on the outer wall of the inner shell 11. With the collar plate 13 arranged around the through window 112, the outer wall of the inner shell 11 can be used as the bottom of the groove, and any two of the side walls of the through-type connecting block 14, the polar stiffener, and the collar plate 13 can be used as the groove walls to form an outer groove 16. Alternatively, the outer wall of the inner shell 11 can be used as the bottom of the groove, and the side walls of the through-type connecting block 14, the polar stiffener, and the collar plate 13 can be used as the groove walls to form an outer groove 16. A multi-format outer groove 16 structure is formed by enclosing the outer wall of the inner shell 11. Furthermore, the outer shell plate 15 is fitted onto the outer groove 16 and connected to its wall, ultimately forming a frame-panel composite load-bearing structure. This structure can disperse impact force to the overall frame composed of the through-type connecting block 14, the polar stiffener 12, the collar plate 13, and the outer shell plate 15, significantly improving the impact resistance and overall rigidity of the vacuum chamber to meet the strength requirements of future commercial nuclear fusion reactors. Moreover, in manufacturing this vacuum chamber, only the inner shell 11, collar plate 13, and through-type connecting block 14 need to be welded together first, then the polar stiffener 12 needs to be welded, and finally the outer shell plate 15 needs to be fitted and welded. The number of welding operations is relatively small, the total amount of welding is small, and welding deformation can be easily controlled, significantly simplifying the manufacturing process and improving manufacturing efficiency. In addition, some of the through-type connecting blocks 14 extend into the receiving cavity 111, which can support, guide, position, and fix the internal components.

[0032] The through-type connecting block 14 can extend along the width direction, the polar ribs are arranged around the inner shell 11, and some polar plates extend along the vertical direction.

[0033] Preferably, the first included angle is 90°.

[0034] Furthermore, it includes multiple through-type connecting blocks 14, which are divided into a first connecting block 141, a second connecting block 142, and a third connecting block 143 arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The first connecting block 141 and the third connecting block 143 extend inward into the receiving cavity 111. The first connecting block 141 is used to set the guide rail 4, the second connecting block 142 is used to position and fix the cladding structure 2, and the third connecting block 143 is used to support the cladding structure 2.

[0035] This design allows for specialized functions of connecting blocks at different heights, avoiding structural complexity and stress concentration issues caused by a single connecting block simultaneously serving as the mounting guide rail 4, positioning, and support. Furthermore, the sequential arrangement of the first connecting block 141, the second connecting block 142, and the third connecting block 143 from top to bottom facilitates the assembly and disassembly of the cladding structure 2. Specifically, the cladding structure 2 is first hoisted into the receiving cavity 111 through the upward-through window 112. Then, the cladding structure 2 is pushed close to the cavity wall of the receiving cavity 111 and placed on the top surface of the third connecting block 143, aligning with the guide rail 4 on the first connecting block 141. Next, the cladding structure 2 is pushed along the guide rail 4 to move it to the connecting structure on the second connecting block 142 corresponding to the cladding structure 2. Finally, the connecting piece is installed to fix the cladding structure 2 to the second connecting block 142, thus achieving the installation and fixation of the cladding structure 2. The disassembly steps are reversed.

[0036] Furthermore, the end of the first connecting block 141 facing the receiving cavity 111 is provided as a first connecting part 1411. The top surface of the first connecting part 1411 is used to provide a guide rail 4, and the bottom surface of the first connecting part 1411 is provided with a clearance part 1412. The distance between the clearance part 1412 and the first connecting part 1411 in the vertical direction gradually decreases from the direction close to the inner shell 11 to the direction far away from the inner shell 11.

[0037] The avoidance part 1412 is used to avoid other components in the cladding structure 2 and the receiving cavity 111 to avoid interference, provide sufficient space for the layout of internal components, and improve structural compatibility.

[0038] Furthermore, the end face of the second connecting block 142 facing the receiving cavity 111 is provided with a mounting groove 1421, the groove wall of the mounting groove 1421 is provided with a mounting inclined surface 1422, the bottom of the mounting groove 1421 is provided with a mounting hole 1423, and the wall of the mounting hole 1423 is provided with threads.

[0039] The mounting groove 1421 is used to limit the connection end 21 of the cladding structure 2 to prevent the cladding structure 2 from shifting radially or circumferentially along the connection end 21 after assembly, thereby improving connection stability. The mounting ramp 1422 can guide the mounting end of the cladding structure 2 to quickly align with the installation position, thereby reducing the difficulty of assembly alignment and improving installation efficiency. The threaded hole facilitates the detachable connection between the cladding structure 2 and the connecting block through bolts, which is convenient for later maintenance and replacement.

[0040] Furthermore, the mounting inclined surface 1422 extends to the bottom of the mounting groove 1421 and has a gap between it and the opening of the mounting groove 1421. The depth of the mounting inclined surface 1422 is set as h, the width of the bottom of the mounting inclined surface 1422 in the vertical direction is set as f, the inclination angle of the mounting inclined surface 1422 is set as j, the distance from the bottom of the mounting inclined surface 1422 to the opening of the mounting groove 1421 is set as i, and the height of the second connecting block 142 is g, where h≤f≤1 / 3i≤1 / 4g, and j≥100°.

[0041] Among them, the obtuse angle design with angle j≥100° can avoid local stress concentration caused by the slope angle being too small, prevent the slope from cracking under extreme working conditions, and provide a certain strength while having an assembly guiding function; in addition, in the size ratio h≤f≤1 / 3i≤1 / 4g, by limiting the ratio of the slope depth h, bottom width f and overall height g of the connecting block, it is ensured that the second connecting block 142 has sufficient wall thickness at all points to support the bolt preload and impact load when the cladding structure 2 is fixed, and to avoid insufficient strength and rigidity of the second connecting block 142 due to excessive wall thickness.

[0042] Furthermore, the end of the third connecting block 143 facing the receiving cavity 111 is provided as a third connecting part 1431, the top surface of the third connecting part 1431 is provided with a receiving groove 1432, and the groove wall of the receiving groove 1432 is provided with a receiving inclined surface 1433.

[0043] The receiving groove 1432 can limit the cladding structure 2, preventing the cladding structure 2 from moving along the width direction of the receiving groove 1432, thereby improving the support stability and ensuring the safety of the cladding structure 2; the receiving inclined surface 1433 can guide the cladding structure 2 to be placed smoothly in the receiving groove 1432, avoiding component damage caused by hard contact, and simplifying the support assembly steps.

[0044] Furthermore, the inclination angle of the receiving inclined surface 1433 is set as a, the depth of the receiving groove 1432 is set as b, the width of the bottom of the receiving groove 1432 is set as d, the height of the third connecting part 1431 in the vertical direction is set as c, and the distance by which the third connecting part 1431 protrudes from the receiving cavity 111 is e, wherein b≤d≤1 / 3c≤1 / 4e, and a≥100°.

[0045] Among them, the obtuse-angled inclined surface 1433 with an angle a ≥ 100° can effectively increase the contact area between the bottom of the cladding and the inclined surface, dispersing the weight of the cladding and the impact load under extreme working conditions to the wall and bottom of the receiving groove 1432, avoiding excessive local pressure that could lead to deformation of the groove wall or slippage of the cladding structure 2; in addition, in the size ratio b ≤ d ≤ 1 / 3c ≤ 1 / 4e, by limiting the ratio of the depth b of the receiving groove 1432, the width d of the groove bottom, the height c of the third connecting part 1431 and the protrusion distance e, it is ensured that the main structure of the third connecting part 1431 has sufficient wall thickness to cope with the supporting load, and preventing the connecting part from being weakened to insufficient strength due to the excessive depth of the groove, thus leading to breakage.

[0046] Furthermore, it also includes multiple collar plates 13 and multiple polar ribs 12. The collar plates 13 are divided into a first surrounding plate 131, a second surrounding plate 132 and a third surrounding plate 133. The inner shell 11 is provided with multiple through windows 112. The through windows 112 are divided into a first window 1121, a second window 1122 and a third window 1123 arranged at intervals from top to bottom. The first surrounding plate 131 is arranged around the first window 1121, the second surrounding plate 132 is arranged around the second window 1122, and the third surrounding plate 133 is arranged around the third window 1123. The first window 1121 is provided with a first connecting block 141 on one or both sides along the width direction, the second window 1122 is provided with a second connecting block 142 on one or both sides along the width direction, and the third connecting block 143 is located between the second window 1122 and the second window 1122. Some of the polar ribs 12 are disposed between the first connecting block 141 and the second connecting block 142, and connected to the first connecting block 141 and the second connecting block 142; some of the polar ribs 12 are disposed between the first window 1121 and the second window 1122, and connected to the first enclosure panel 131 and the second enclosure panel 132; and some of the polar ribs 12 are disposed between the first window 1121 and the second connecting block 142, and connected to the first enclosure panel 131 and the second connecting block 142. Some of the polar ribs 12 are disposed between the second connecting block 142 and the third connecting block 143, and connected to the second connecting block 142 and the third connecting block 143; some of the polar ribs 12 are disposed between the second window 1122 and the third connecting block 143, and connected to the second enclosure 132 and the third connecting block 143; some of the polar ribs 12 are disposed between the third window 1123 and the third connecting block 143, and connected to the third enclosure 133 and the third connecting block 143.

[0047] Among them, multiple polar stiffeners 12, multiple collar plates 13, and multiple through-type connecting blocks 14 form a three-dimensional support network, which can quickly disperse local loads to the overall structure, avoid local stress concentration, and further improve the overall stiffness and impact resistance of the vacuum chamber.

[0048] Furthermore, the outer shell is provided with a plurality of through-type connecting blocks 14 on both sides relative to the depth direction; some of the polar ribs 12 are provided above the first connecting blocks 141 on both sides along the depth direction and are connected to the two first connecting blocks 141, and some of the polar ribs 12 are provided below the third connecting blocks 143 on both sides along the depth direction and are connected to the two third connecting blocks 143.

[0049] Among them, the ribs connected in the depth direction form a transverse reinforcement beam, which further optimizes the overall stress structure, supplements the support strength in the depth direction of the vacuum chamber, avoids the deformation caused by insufficient stiffness in the depth direction of traditional structures, enables the vacuum chamber to cope with extreme loads in multiple directions, makes the structural strength more balanced, and improves the structural stability and service life of the vacuum chamber in long-term operation.

[0050] Reference Figures 7 to 10 This embodiment also relates to a method for manufacturing the aforementioned nuclear fusion reactor vacuum chamber 1, comprising the following steps: S1. The inner shells 11, collar plate 13 and through connecting block 14 are assembled together to form a ring-shaped component and connected together by welding. S2. Weld each polarity stiffener to the outer wall of the inner shell 11 and form multiple outer grooves 16. S3. Place the outer shell plate 15 on the outer groove 16 and weld the outer shell plate 15 to the groove wall of the outer groove 16.

[0051] This method, which first forms a ring-shaped main body and then welds the reinforcing ribs and finally the cover panel, reduces the number of welding operations (eliminating the need to weld multiple small modules), simplifies the manufacturing process, and improves production efficiency. Furthermore, by welding the main structure first and then performing detailed welding, deformation of the main body caused by welding small parts first can be avoided, reducing the difficulty of controlling welding deformation, ensuring the precision of the final product, and improving the manufacturing qualification rate.

[0052] Reference Figures 1 to 9 This embodiment also relates to a tokamak device, including a divertor 3, a blanket structure 2, and the aforementioned nuclear fusion reactor vacuum chamber 1. The divertor 3 and the blanket structure 2 are disposed in the receiving cavity 111, and the blanket structure 2 is connected to the through-type connecting block 14.

[0053] The top surface of the first connecting block 141 may be provided with a guide rail 4. The cladding structure 2 is slidably connected to the first connecting block 141, detachably connected to the second connecting block 142, and abuts against the third connecting block 143.

[0054] Furthermore, fixed setting and fixed connection refer to the fixed relative positional relationship of two components, including but not limited to fixing by connectors, fixing by welding, fixing by adhesive, fixing by integral molding, and fixing by snap-fit ​​connection.

[0055] Furthermore, detachable connection and detachable setting refer to the ability of two components to be repeatedly assembled and disassembled without damage or severe deformation, including but not limited to fixing by connectors or fixing by snap-fit ​​connections.

[0056] Furthermore, sliding connection and sliding setting refer to the connection between two connected components, where one component can slide along a fixed trajectory on the other component, including but not limited to connection by sliding a slider into a groove, or connection by inserting a slider into a hole whose size and profile match the slider.

[0057] Furthermore, the connectors include, but are not limited to, fasteners, straps, ropes, pneumatic connectors, hydraulic connectors, flanges, Velcro, and buttons.

[0058] In summary, the embodiments of the present invention provide a nuclear fusion reactor vacuum chamber 1 and its manufacturing method, as well as a tokamak device, the technical effects of which are as follows: In the vacuum chamber 1 of the nuclear fusion reactor of the present invention, a through-type connecting block 14 extends outward through the inner shell 11 and is arranged such that its extension direction has a first included angle greater than 0° with the extension direction of the polar rib plate disposed on the outer wall of the inner shell 11. In conjunction with the collar plate 13 arranged around the through-window 112, an outer groove 16 can be formed by using the outer wall of the inner shell 11 as the groove bottom and any two of the side walls of the through-type connecting block 14, the polar rib plate, and the collar plate 13 as groove walls. Alternatively, the outer wall of the inner shell 11 can be used as the groove bottom, and the side walls of the through-type connecting block 14, the polar rib plate, and the collar plate 13 can be used as groove walls to form the outer groove 16. This creates a multi-format outer groove 16 structure enclosed on the outer wall of the inner shell 11. The outer shell 15 is then fitted onto the outer groove 16 and connected to its wall, ultimately forming a frame-panel composite load-bearing structure. This structure can disperse the impact force to the overall frame composed of the through-type connecting block 14, the polar stiffener 12, the collar plate 13, and the outer shell 15, significantly improving the impact resistance and overall rigidity of the vacuum chamber to meet the strength requirements of future commercial nuclear fusion reactors. Furthermore, in manufacturing this vacuum chamber, it is only necessary to first weld the inner shell 11, the collar plate 13, and the through-type connecting block 14, then weld the polar stiffener 12, and finally fit and weld the outer shell 15. The number of welding operations is relatively small, the total amount of welding is small, and welding deformation can be easily controlled, significantly simplifying the manufacturing process and improving manufacturing efficiency. In addition, some of the through-type connecting blocks 14 extend into the receiving cavity 111, which can support, guide, position, and fix the internal components.

[0059] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and substitutions should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vacuum chamber (1) for a nuclear fusion reactor, characterized in that, The system includes an inner shell (11), a polar rib (12), a collar plate (13), a through-type connecting block (14), and multiple outer shell plates (15). The inner shell (11) has a receiving cavity (111). The outer wall of the inner shell (11) has a through window (112) extending into the receiving cavity (111). The collar plate (13) is located on the outer wall of the inner shell (11) and surrounds the through window (112). The through-type connecting block extends through the inner shell (11) and protrudes from the outer wall of the inner shell (11). Part of the… A through-type connector extends into the receiving cavity (111), and a polar rib (12) is disposed on the outer side wall of the inner shell (11). The extension direction of the through-type connector and the extension direction of the polar rib (12) have a first included angle, the first included angle being greater than 0°. The inner shell (11) and at least two of the collar plate (13), the polar rib (12) and the through-type connector form a plurality of outer grooves (16). A plurality of outer shell plates (15) are respectively disposed on each of the outer grooves (16) and connected to the groove wall of the outer groove (16).

2. The nuclear fusion reactor vacuum chamber (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The device includes multiple through-type connecting blocks (14), which are divided into a first connecting block (141), a second connecting block (142), and a third connecting block (143) arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The first connecting block (141) and the third connecting block (143) extend into the receiving cavity (111). The first connecting block (141) is used to set the guide rail (4), the second connecting block (142) is used to position and fix the cladding structure (2), and the third connecting block (143) is used to support the cladding structure (2).

3. The nuclear fusion reactor vacuum chamber (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that, The end of the first connecting block (141) facing the receiving cavity (111) is designated as the first connecting part (1411). The top surface of the first connecting part (1411) is used to set the guide rail (4). The bottom surface of the first connecting part (1411) is provided with a clearance part (1412). The distance between the clearance part (1412) and the first connecting part (1411) in the vertical direction gradually decreases from the direction close to the inner shell (11) to the direction far away from the inner shell (11).

4. The nuclear fusion reactor vacuum chamber (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second connecting block (142) has an installation groove (1421) on one end face facing the receiving cavity (111), the groove wall of the installation groove (1421) has an installation inclined surface (1422), the bottom of the installation groove (1421) has an installation hole (1423), and the wall of the installation hole (1423) has a thread.

5. The nuclear fusion reactor vacuum chamber (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that, The mounting inclined surface (1422) extends to the bottom of the mounting groove (1421) and has a gap between it and the opening of the mounting groove (1421). The depth of the mounting inclined surface (1422) is set as h, the width of the bottom of the mounting inclined surface (1422) in the vertical direction is set as f, the inclination angle of the mounting inclined surface (1422) is set as j, the distance from the bottom of the mounting inclined surface (1422) to the opening of the mounting groove (1421) is set as i, and the height of the second connecting block (142) is g, where h≤f≤1 / 3i≤1 / 4g, and j≥100°.

6. The nuclear fusion reactor vacuum chamber (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that, The third connecting block (143) is provided with a third connecting part (1431) at one end facing the receiving cavity (111). The top surface of the third connecting part (1431) is provided with a receiving groove (1432), and the groove wall of the receiving groove (1432) is provided with a receiving inclined surface (1433).

7. The nuclear fusion reactor vacuum chamber (1) according to claim 5, characterized in that, The inclination angle of the receiving slope (1433) is set as a, the depth of the receiving groove (1432) is set as b, the width of the bottom of the receiving groove (1432) is set as d, the height of the third connecting part (1431) in the vertical direction is set as c, and the distance by which the third connecting part (1431) protrudes from the receiving cavity (111) is e, where b≤d≤1 / 3c≤1 / 4e, and a≥100°.

8. The nuclear fusion reactor vacuum chamber (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes multiple collar plates (13) and multiple polar ribs (12). The collar plates (13) are divided into a first surrounding plate (131), a second surrounding plate (132), and a third surrounding plate (133). The inner shell (11) is provided with multiple through windows (112). The through windows (112) are divided into a first window (1121), a second window (1122), and a third window (1123) arranged at intervals from top to bottom. The first surrounding plate (131) is arranged around the first window (1121), and the second surrounding plate (132) is arranged around the first window (1121). A second window (1122) is provided, and a third enclosure (133) is provided around the third window (1123). The first window (1121) has a first connecting block (141) on one or both sides along the width direction, and the second window (1122) has a second connecting block (142) on one or both sides along the width direction. The third connecting block (143) is provided between the second window (1122) and the second window (1122). The outer shell has a plurality of through connecting blocks (14) on both sides relative to the depth direction. Some of the polar ribs (12) are disposed between the first connecting block (141) and the second connecting block (142) and connected to the first connecting block (141) and the second connecting block (142). Some of the polar ribs (12) are disposed between the first window (1121) and the second window (1122) and connected to the first enclosure (131) and the second enclosure (132). Some of the polar ribs (12) are disposed between the first window (1121) and the second connecting block (142) and connected to the first enclosure (131) and the second connecting block (142). Some of the polar ribs (12) are disposed between the second connecting block (142) and the third connecting block (143) and connected to the second connecting block (142). The third connecting block (143) has a portion of the polar ribs (12) located between the second window (1122) and the third connecting block (143), and connected to the second enclosure (132) and the third connecting block (143). A portion of the polar ribs (12) are located between the third window (1123) and the third connecting block (143), and connected to the third enclosure (133) and the third connecting block (143). A portion of the polar ribs (12) are located above the first connecting blocks (141) on both sides along the depth direction, and connected to these two first connecting blocks (141). A portion of the polar ribs (12) are located below the third connecting blocks (143) on both sides along the depth direction, and connected to these two third connecting blocks (143).

9. A method for manufacturing a vacuum chamber (1) for a nuclear fusion reactor, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. The inner shells (11), collar plate (13) and through connecting block (14) are combined together to form a ring-shaped component and connected together by welding. S2. Weld each polar stiffener to the outer wall of the inner shell (11) and form multiple outer grooves (16). S3. Place the outer shell plate (15) on the outer groove (16) and weld the outer shell plate (15) to the groove wall of the outer groove (16).

10. A tokamak device, characterized in that, Includes a divertor (3), a cladding structure (2), and a nuclear fusion reactor vacuum chamber (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the divertor (3) and the cladding structure (2) are disposed in the receiving cavity (111), and the cladding structure (2) is connected to the through-type connecting block (14).

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