Distributed microgrid energy coordination control system and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a distributed micro-grid energy coordination control system and method. The system comprises a strategy layer, an equipment abstraction layer, an equipment aggregation layer and an equipment driving layer. The strategy layer is used for generating a total regulation and control instruction for equipment types according to user requirements; the equipment abstraction layer is used for providing a unified standardized access interface for different types of equipment, and the strategy layer issues a total regulation and control instruction only by calling the standardized access interface of the equipment abstraction layer; the device aggregation layer is used for aggregating a plurality of devices of the same type into a logic device, receiving a total regulation and control instruction and decomposing the total regulation and control instruction into sub-control instructions for single devices; and the equipment driving layer is used for adapting to equipment of different manufacturers and models, executing the sub-control instruction, collecting equipment data and shielding operation details of the equipment. Compared with the prior art, decoupling of a control strategy and hardware equipment is realized through a layered cooperation mechanism, and strategy configuration and maintenance work is simplified.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of microgrid control technology, and in particular to a distributed microgrid energy coordination control system and method. Background Technology

[0002] As the core of local dispatching in enterprise microgrid solutions, the microgrid energy coordinator can intelligently dispatch power generation equipment, energy storage equipment, and load equipment in the microgrid according to user needs, performing flexible adjustments to implement strategies such as anti-reverse flow, demand control, renewable energy consumption, and peak-valley arbitrage, thereby saving electricity costs for enterprises. In recent years, with the development of the photovoltaic and energy storage industries and the popularization of the microgrid concept, coordinator controllers have been increasingly widely used in enterprise microgrids. Currently, microgrid coordinator controllers mainly use physical links such as Ethernet and RS485, and connect to protection equipment, energy storage equipment, inverter equipment, and various adjustable load equipment through protocols such as Modbus, IEC61850, IEC103, and IEC104. Strategies are used to comprehensively dispatch all equipment. The disadvantage of this method is that the manufacturers and models of equipment selected in different enterprise microgrids are inconsistent, as are the control methods, equipment types, and quantities. Therefore, the strategies for each microgrid application scenario need to be configured individually, taking into account equipment access, user needs, and anomaly handling, resulting in a huge workload. Furthermore, the interface and computing power of a single microgrid energy coordinator controller are limited, making it impossible to control large enterprise microgrids.

[0003] A search revealed Chinese Patent Publication No. CN102801790A, which discloses a microgrid energy management system based on IEC61850 and a multi-agent method. This system constructs a three-layer structure: distributed power / load control unit agents, a microgrid central control unit agent, and a distribution network control unit agent. It utilizes the IEC61850 information model as a unified reference for inter-agent communication and maps it to the ontology elements of the agent communication language ACL, achieving interconnection and collaborative control among agents in the microgrid system. Simultaneously, a hybrid simulated annealing genetic algorithm is introduced to optimize the microgrid operation strategy through a dynamic game process, improving the system's distributed computing capabilities and energy efficiency management level. However, this system relies on a centralized decision-making framework, resulting in complex inter-agent communication and negotiation mechanisms. Furthermore, it does not fully consider the access challenges arising from heterogeneous device interfaces and diverse protocols, leading to insufficient scalability and limited real-time performance in practical large-scale microgrid applications.

[0004] Chinese Patent Publication No. CN120567947A discloses an IoT device collaborative management system based on intelligent edge computing. This system achieves standardized device modeling and resource pooling management through a device abstraction layer, supports multi-protocol adaptation and intelligent routing through a converged communication layer, employs microservices and event-driven mechanisms for flexible business orchestration and intelligent decision-making through a business logic layer, and adaptively selects upgrade strategies based on network conditions through a firmware upgrade layer. This enables full lifecycle management and collaborative control of IoT devices. However, this system primarily targets general IoT device management scenarios and is not optimized for the high real-time and high-reliability energy dispatching requirements of microgrids. It also lacks deep support for power system-specific protocols, limiting its direct applicability in the microgrid field.

[0005] Therefore, how to easily configure control strategies in microgrid environments with heterogeneous equipment and varying scales is a technical problem that needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art by providing a distributed microgrid energy coordination control system and method.

[0007] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: According to a first aspect of the present invention, a distributed microgrid energy coordination and control system is provided, the system comprising a strategy layer, a device abstraction layer, a device aggregation layer, and a device drive layer; The strategy layer is used to generate general control instructions for device types based on user needs; The device abstraction layer is communicatively connected to the strategy layer, and is used to establish a standardized device model for each device type, and to provide the strategy layer with a general interface to access the device type, and to receive and forward the general control instructions issued by the strategy layer. The device aggregation layer is communicatively connected to the device abstraction layer and is used to aggregate multiple devices of the same type into a logical device, receive the overall control command, and decompose it into sub-control commands for individual devices. The device driver layer is communicatively connected to the device aggregation layer, and is used to adapt to devices from different manufacturers and models, execute the sub-control commands, and collect device data.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution, the device polymerization layer is further used for: Aggregate data from all devices within its respective device type; When executing the decomposition of the overall control command and data aggregation, devices in abnormal states are automatically removed.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution, the standardized access interface provided by the device abstraction layer includes a data access interface for acquiring aggregated device data and a control command interface for issuing overall control commands; the device driver layer includes driver modules corresponding to different types of devices.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution, the system can be cascaded and expanded, and the cascaded expansion structure includes a core coordinating controller and at least one sub-coordinating controller; The core coordination controller includes the policy layer, device abstraction layer, device aggregation layer, and device driver layer; The sub-coordination controller includes a device abstraction layer, a device aggregation layer, and a device driver layer; The policy layer of the core coordinating controller accesses the device abstraction layer of the sub-coordinating controller through its device abstraction layer, and controls the sub-coordinating controller and its subordinate devices as a single logical device.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution, the overall control command issued by the core coordination controller is forwarded by the device abstraction layer of the sub-coordination controller, then decomposed by the device aggregation layer of the sub-coordination controller, and sent to its subordinate device driver layer for execution.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution, the standardized access interface provided by the device abstraction layer of the sub-coordination controller is of the same type as the standardized access interface provided by the device abstraction layer of the core coordination controller.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution, the device driver layer is also used for device anomaly detection and handling.

[0014] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a method for coordinated energy control of a distributed microgrid is provided, the method comprising: The strategy layer generates overall control commands based on device type according to user needs; The device abstraction layer receives and forwards the overall control command from the policy layer; The device aggregation layer receives the overall control command from the device abstraction layer and decomposes the overall control command into sub-control commands for individual devices; The device driver layer executes the sub-control instructions, wherein the device driver layer is compatible with devices from different manufacturers and models and shields their operational details.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution, the decomposition of the overall control command specifically includes: The device aggregation layer receives overall control commands for a specific device type. Based on the real-time status and working capacity of each physical device in this equipment type, the overall control command is decomposed to obtain sub-control commands assigned to each device.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution, the strategy layer adjusts the overall control command in real time based on the data of the devices aggregated by the device aggregation layer.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: 1. This invention constrains the interaction path between control strategies and hardware devices through a collaborative mechanism of strategy layer, device abstraction layer, device aggregation layer and device driver layer. The strategy layer only accesses the device through the standardized interface of the device abstraction layer, thereby decoupling the control strategy from the hardware device. This allows strategy development to focus only on user needs and logic, without having to deal with complex device access and exception issues, thus simplifying strategy configuration and maintenance.

[0018] 2. This invention enables unified management and scheduling of similar devices through a device aggregation layer. It can automatically aggregate data, decompose instructions, and eliminate abnormal devices, thereby improving the efficiency and accuracy of system control and enhancing the reliability of system operation.

[0019] 3. This invention provides a standardized interface through the device abstraction layer and shields device differences through the device driver layer, solving the heterogeneity problem of connecting multiple manufacturers and models of devices in microgrids and reducing integration costs and complexity.

[0020] 4. This invention enables the core coordinating controller to treat the sub-coordinating controllers and their subordinate devices as a single logical device through a cascaded control mechanism, thereby simplifying the formulation of upper-level strategies and realizing the horizontal expansion of the control scale of the microgrid system. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the software architecture of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cascading mechanism of the present invention; Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] Example 1: This invention provides a distributed microgrid energy coordination control system, such as... Figure 1 The diagram shows the hierarchical software architecture of the system, which is logically divided into a strategy layer, a device abstraction layer, a device aggregation layer, and a device driver layer. The layers communicate with each other through predefined interfaces.

[0024] The strategy layer loads and executes user-configured energy management strategies based on user needs, including anti-backflow, demand control, dynamic capacity expansion, renewable energy consumption, and peak-valley arbitrage. This layer does not directly control all devices, but obtains global data and issues overall control commands by calling the standardized interface provided by the device abstraction layer.

[0025] The device abstraction layer communicates with the policy layer and is the only channel for the policy layer to access devices. This layer establishes a unified and standardized data model and operation interface for each type of device, and receives and forwards the general control instructions issued by the policy layer.

[0026] The device aggregation layer is communicatively connected to the device abstraction layer. This layer is responsible for the logical management of multiple devices of the same type. Specifically, it includes: aggregating the data of multiple devices belonging to the same type into global data for that type of device; decomposing the general control instructions issued by the device abstraction layer into specific control instructions for individual devices based on the real-time operating parameters and status of each device; and removing abnormal devices when providing access services.

[0027] The device driver layer communicates and interacts directly with the physical devices on site. This layer shields the operational details of devices from different manufacturers and models, provides unified control modeling, and performs device anomaly detection and handling.

[0028] like Figure 2 As shown, the system supports a cascaded deployment mode. The device abstraction layer provides a remote call interface, the device driver layer provides remote device invocation, and the upper-level coordinating controller can access the general operation interface of the lower-level coordinating controller's device abstraction layer. Services are provided by the device aggregation layer of the lower-level coordinating controller, forming a cascaded structure. A core coordinating controller can act as an upper-level management node for one or more sub-coordinating controllers. The policy layer of the core coordinating controller remotely calls the standardized interface provided by the controller's device abstraction layer via the network. Under this architecture, the sub-coordinating controllers and all their subordinate devices are regarded as a unified logical device by the core coordinating controller.

[0029] The system of this invention adopts a four-layer architecture consisting of a strategy layer, a device abstraction layer, a device aggregation layer, and a device driver layer. By abstracting and aggregating devices, it shields the differences between underlying devices and supports cascading expansion. This achieves the separation of control strategies and hardware devices, as well as the horizontal expansion of system access and processing capabilities, thereby improving the flexibility, reliability, and device access capabilities of microgrid coordinated control.

[0030] Example 2: The distributed microgrid energy coordination control method of the present invention specifically includes: Step S1: The strategy layer generates a general control command based on the device type according to user requirements; Step S2: The device abstraction layer receives and forwards the overall control command from the policy layer; Step S3: The device aggregation layer receives the overall control instruction from the device abstraction layer and decomposes the overall control instruction into sub-control instructions for individual devices; Step S4: The device driver layer executes the sub-control instructions. The device driver layer is compatible with devices from different manufacturers and models and shields their operational details.

[0031] This invention achieves unified scheduling of typed devices through a standardized distributed coordination control method, and forms closed-loop control by combining real-time data feedback, supporting cascaded execution across controllers, effectively simplifying strategy development and optimizing system operation.

[0032] The following section uses the photovoltaic-storage anti-reverse current strategy as an example to illustrate the method in detail: Step S101: The strategy layer periodically accesses the meter driver through the general interface of the device abstraction layer to obtain the incoming cabinet power, and accesses the general interfaces of the two types of equipment, energy storage and inverter. The energy storage device aggregator and the inverter device aggregator aggregate the equipment data to provide the total energy storage SOC, total energy storage power, and total inverter power. When the strategy layer detects that the incoming cabinet power is less than the threshold and the total energy storage SOC has reached the upper limit, it needs to execute the curtailment strategy: the device abstraction layer issues the instruction to set the total target power of the energy storage system to 0kW and the total target power of the photovoltaic inverter to 50kW. Step S201: The strategy layer issues the above instructions by calling the interface provided by the device abstraction layer for the energy storage converter and photovoltaic inverter device types. After receiving the instructions, the device abstraction layer routes them to the energy storage device aggregation layer and the photovoltaic inverter device aggregation layer respectively. Step S301: The energy storage device aggregation layer receives an instruction with a total power of 0kW, decomposes it into a shutdown or standby sub-instruction sent to each energy storage converter it manages; the photovoltaic inverter device aggregation layer receives an instruction with a total power of 50kW, queries the current maximum power output and status of each inverter, and decomposes the total target of 50kW into specific power setting values ​​allocated to each inverter according to the capacity ratio. Step S401: The device drive layer corresponding to each energy storage converter and photovoltaic inverter receives its respective sub-control commands. The drive layer converts these commands into device-specific protocol messages and sends them to the physical devices for execution. At the same time, each drive layer continuously collects device operation data, which is then aggregated by the aggregation layer and reported to the strategy layer for monitoring the command execution effect and triggering the next round of control cycle.

[0033] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, and these modifications or substitutions should all be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A distributed microgrid energy coordination control system, characterized in that, include: Strategy layer, device abstraction layer, device aggregation layer, and device driver layer; The strategy layer is used to generate general control instructions for device types based on user needs; The device abstraction layer is communicatively connected to the policy layer and is used to provide a unified standardized access interface for different types of devices. The policy layer issues the general control command only by calling the standardized access interface of the device abstraction layer. The device aggregation layer is communicatively connected to the device abstraction layer, and is used to aggregate multiple devices of the same type into a logical device, receive the overall control command, and decompose the overall control command into sub-control commands for individual devices. The device driver layer is communicatively connected to the device aggregation layer, and is used to adapt to devices from different manufacturers and models, execute the sub-control commands, and collect device data.

2. The distributed microgrid energy coordination control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The polymer layer of the device is also used for: Aggregate data from all devices within its respective device type; When executing the decomposition of the overall control command and data aggregation, devices in abnormal states are automatically removed.

3. The distributed microgrid energy coordination control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The standardized access interfaces provided by the device abstraction layer include a data access interface for obtaining aggregated device data and a control command interface for issuing overall control commands; the device driver layer contains driver modules corresponding to different types of devices.

4. A distributed microgrid energy coordination control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The system is cascaded and expandable, and the cascaded expansion structure includes a core coordinating controller and at least one sub-coordinating controller; The core coordination controller includes the policy layer, device abstraction layer, device aggregation layer, and device driver layer; The sub-coordination controller includes a device abstraction layer, a device aggregation layer, and a device driver layer; The policy layer of the core coordinating controller accesses the device abstraction layer of the sub-coordinating controller through its device abstraction layer, and controls the sub-coordinating controller and its subordinate devices as a single logical device.

5. A distributed microgrid energy coordination control system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The overall control command issued by the core coordinating controller is forwarded by the device abstraction layer of the sub-coordinating controller, then decomposed by the device aggregation layer of the sub-coordinating controller, and sent to its subordinate device driver layer for execution.

6. A distributed microgrid energy coordination control system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The standardized access interface provided by the device abstraction layer of the sub-coordinator is of the same type as the standardized access interface provided by the device abstraction layer of the core coordinator.

7. A distributed microgrid energy coordination control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The device driver layer is also used for device anomaly detection and handling.

8. A distributed microgrid energy coordination control method based on any one of the systems described in claims 1-7, characterized in that, The method includes: The strategy layer generates overall control commands based on device type according to user needs; The device abstraction layer receives and forwards the overall control command from the policy layer; The device aggregation layer receives the overall control command from the device abstraction layer and decomposes the overall control command into sub-control commands for individual devices; The device driver layer executes the sub-control instructions, wherein the device driver layer is compatible with devices from different manufacturers and models and shields their operational details.

9. A distributed microgrid energy coordination control method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The decomposition of the overall control command specifically includes: The device aggregation layer receives overall control commands for a specific device type. Based on the real-time status and working capacity of each physical device in this equipment type, the overall control command is decomposed to obtain sub-control commands assigned to each device.

10. A distributed microgrid energy coordination control method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The strategy layer adjusts the overall control command in real time based on the data from the devices aggregated by the device aggregation layer.

Images