Unmanned aerial vehicle fire extinguishing bomb directional fire extinguishing control system
By combining a laser rangefinder and a CPU processing unit, the flight time of the fire extinguishing projectile is calculated and the detonation timing is precisely controlled, solving the problem of the fire extinguishing projectile deviating from the target in traditional systems and achieving a highly efficient directional fire extinguishing effect.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511610369.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-11-05
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-13
AI Technical Summary
Traditional drone-based fire extinguishing bomb directional fire suppression control systems cannot adjust the detonation timing of fire extinguishing bombs according to the real-time fire scene environment, resulting in poor fire extinguishing effect. In addition, they rely heavily on GPS positioning or drone visual recognition, which leads to large ranging errors and fire extinguishing bombs deviating from the target area.
A laser rangefinder is used to measure the straight-line distance between the drone and the fire source. The data is transmitted to the CPU processing unit in real time. The flight time of the fire extinguishing bomb is calculated by combining the drone's flight parameters. The time fuse module receives the flight time data and starts a countdown. The electric detonator module triggers ignition after the countdown ends, achieving precise and directional fire extinguishing.
It achieves comprehensive intelligent adaptation to the fire scene environment, accurately delivers fire extinguishing bombs to the target area, eliminates bomb delivery deviations caused by environmental changes, ensures concentrated coverage of the fire source by the fire extinguishing agent, and improves fire extinguishing efficiency and accuracy.
Smart Images
Figure CN121513383A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of drone fire suppression control systems, and particularly relates to a drone fire suppression bomb directional fire suppression control system. Background Technology
[0002] Drone-borne fire extinguishing bombs are an innovative firefighting method that combines drone technology with explosive fire extinguishing devices. The core principle is to use drones to carry fire extinguishing bombs and release the extinguishing agent in a targeted manner to the core area of the fire source using high-altitude projection or precise positioning technology, so as to achieve rapid and efficient fire suppression.
[0003] In existing technologies, traditional drone-based fire extinguishing bomb directional fire suppression control systems typically employ fixed time-delay fuses or simple pressure triggers. These systems cannot adjust the detonation timing of the fire extinguishing bombs according to the real-time fire environment. In forest fires, if the drone's deployment altitude is adjusted due to terrain changes, traditional time-delay fuses may cause the fire extinguishing bombs to explode too early or too late due to errors in flight time calculations. Furthermore, these systems often rely on GPS positioning or drone visual recognition, which results in significant ranging errors and can easily cause the fire extinguishing bombs to deviate from the target area, reducing the fire suppression effect. Summary of the Invention
[0004] This invention provides a directional fire extinguishing control system for drone fire extinguishing bombs, which aims to solve the problem that traditional drone fire extinguishing bomb directional fire extinguishing control systems, which typically use fixed delay fuses or simple pressure triggers, cannot adjust the detonation timing of the fire extinguishing bombs according to the real-time fire scene environment.
[0005] The present invention is implemented as follows: a directional fire extinguishing control system for a drone fire extinguishing bomb, comprising a time fuse module, a CPU processing unit, a laser rangefinder, and an electric detonator module, characterized in that: the time fuse module is disposed at the rear of the explosive charge chamber of the bomb body, the laser rangefinder is disposed on the surface of the bomb launcher, the CPU processing unit is disposed on the bomb launcher, and the electric detonator module is disposed inside the bomb body;
[0006] The laser rangefinder emits laser pulses and receives reflected signals to accurately measure the straight-line distance between the drone and the fire source. The distance data is transmitted to the CPU processing unit in real time as the basis for flight time calculation.
[0007] The CPU processing unit is used to receive the target distance data measured by the laser rangefinder and calculate the flight time of the fire extinguishing bomb by combining it with the UAV flight parameters;
[0008] The time fuse module, as the timing control core of the fire extinguishing bomb, receives flight time data from the CPU processing unit and starts the countdown.
[0009] The electric detonator module receives the ignition signal from the time fuse module. After the countdown ends, it triggers ignition to detonate the explosive charge in the explosive compartment, thereby achieving targeted fire suppression.
[0010] Preferably, the time fuse module has a high-precision timing error of ≤ millisecond level to ensure that the fire extinguishing bomb detonates accurately at the target location.
[0011] Preferably, the time fuse module is equipped with a dual-verification security mechanism to prevent accidental detonation.
[0012] Preferably, the CPU processing unit uses an ARM Cortex-M7 processor to dynamically calculate the UAV's flight parameters in order to cope with the dynamic fire environment.
[0013] Preferably, the CPU processing unit is provided with a shielding layer to ensure signal transmission stability.
[0014] Preferably, the laser rangefinder has a measurement accuracy of centimeters and an error of ±5cm to support high-precision bomb throwing.
[0015] Preferably, the laser rangefinder has a measurement cycle of ≤0.1 seconds, which is suitable for high-speed flight scenarios of UAVs.
[0016] Preferably, the electric detonator module is equipped with a circuit breaker to prevent accidental triggering before bombing.
[0017] Preferably, the bomb rack is equipped with a data cable, and the rear end of the bomb body is equipped with an interface for connecting to the data cable. After the signal is received, the bomb is automatically released. After the bomb is released, the bomb body is affected by gravity and the interface is disengaged from the data cable connection to release the bomb.
[0018] Beneficial effects
[0019] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The directional fire extinguishing control system for drone fire extinguishing bombs of this invention uses a laser rangefinder to emit laser pulses and receive reflected signals, accurately measuring the straight-line distance between the drone and the fire source. This distance data is transmitted in real-time to a CPU processing unit. The CPU processing unit receives the target distance data measured by the laser rangefinder and calculates the flight time of the fire extinguishing bomb based on the drone's flight parameters. A time fuse module receives the flight time data from the CPU processing unit and starts a countdown. An electric detonator module receives the ignition signal from the time fuse module. After the countdown ends, ignition is triggered, detonating the explosive charge in the explosive magazine, thus achieving directional fire extinguishing. The directional fire extinguishing control system for drone fire extinguishing bombs, composed of the time fuse module, CPU processing unit, laser rangefinder, and electric detonator module, achieves comprehensive intelligent adaptation to the fire environment. Laser ranging and dynamic calculation technologies enable the fire extinguishing bombs to be accurately delivered to the target area, eliminating the bombing deviation caused by environmental changes in traditional systems and ensuring that the extinguishing agent accurately covers the fire source. Attached Figure Description
[0020] Figure 1 This is a structural block diagram of the directional fire extinguishing control system for the UAV fire extinguishing bomb of the present invention. Detailed Implementation
[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.
[0022] Please see Figure 1 The present invention provides a technical solution: a directional fire extinguishing control system for a drone fire extinguishing bomb, comprising a time fuse module, a CPU processing unit, a laser rangefinder, and an electric detonator module, characterized in that: the time fuse module is disposed at the rear of the explosive charge chamber of the bomb body, the laser rangefinder is disposed on the surface of the bomb launcher, the CPU processing unit is disposed on the bomb launcher, and the electric detonator module is disposed inside the bomb body.
[0023] The laser rangefinder emits laser pulses and receives reflected signals to accurately measure the straight-line distance between the drone and the fire source. The distance data is transmitted to the CPU processing unit in real time as the basis for flight time calculation.
[0024] The CPU processing unit receives target distance data measured by the laser rangefinder and calculates the flight time of the fire extinguishing bomb by combining it with the UAV's flight parameters.
[0025] The time fuse module, as the timing control core of the fire extinguishing bomb, receives flight time data from the CPU processing unit and starts the countdown.
[0026] The electric detonator module receives the ignition signal from the time fuse module. After the countdown ends, it triggers ignition, detonating the explosive charge in the explosive compartment to achieve directional fire suppression.
[0027] The UAV fire extinguishing bomb directional fire extinguishing control system, composed of a time fuse module, a CPU processing unit, a laser rangefinder, and an electric detonator module, achieves comprehensive intelligent adaptation to the fire scene environment. Laser ranging and dynamic calculation technology enable the fire extinguishing bomb to be accurately delivered to the target area, eliminating the bomb delivery deviation caused by environmental changes in traditional systems and ensuring that the fire extinguishing agent covers the fire source in a concentrated and accurate manner.
[0028] The modular integrated architecture greatly simplifies the system structure, significantly improves the ability to resist vibration and electromagnetic interference, and ensures stable operation in complex environments; real-time status feedback and closed-loop control form an intelligent combat chain of bombing, verification and correction.
[0029] The efficiency of a single firefighting mission is improved, while the low-power design extends the drone's flight time, supporting long-term continuous operations. Ultimately, this forms a highly efficient firefighting capability covering all scenarios, including precise window breaking in high-rise buildings, dynamic tracking of forest fires, and safe infiltration into dangerous areas.
[0030] Furthermore, the time fuse module has a high-precision timing error of ≤ millisecond level, ensuring that the fire extinguishing bomb detonates accurately at the target location.
[0031] In this embodiment, the time fuse module uses a quartz crystal oscillator and a temperature compensation circuit to ensure a timing error of ≤0.5 milliseconds and adapt to extreme environments ranging from -40℃ to +85℃.
[0032] Furthermore, the time fuse module is equipped with a dual-verification security mechanism to prevent accidental detonation.
[0033] In this embodiment, a separate security chip performs CRC verification on the flight time data transmitted by the CPU. If the data is abnormal, the fuse is locked. Before dropping the bomb, the encrypted authorization code sent by the UAV must be received. After matching, the electronic isolation of the fuse is released to prevent false triggering caused by signal interference. In addition, the built-in pressure sensor monitors the altitude change in real time and corrects the timing parameters to ensure the accuracy of high-altitude bombing.
[0034] Furthermore, the CPU processing unit uses an ARM Cortex-M7 processor to dynamically calculate the drone's flight parameters in order to cope with dynamic fire scene environments.
[0035] In this embodiment, the ARM Cortex-M7 processor performs multi-parameter dynamic calculations. The input data consists of laser rangefinder values, UAV real-time speed (IMU data), wind speed and direction (external sensor), and projectile rotation rate (gyroscope). The output control consists of flight time compensation values, bombing angle correction, and electric detonator ignition timing.
[0036] Furthermore, a shielding layer is provided on the CPU processing unit to ensure the stability of signal transmission.
[0037] In this embodiment, the shielding layer is composed of copper foil wrapping and conductive adhesive filling, shielding electromagnetic interference (EMI) intensity ≥20dB, the CPU processing unit dynamically adjusts the clock frequency (50-200MHz), enters sleep mode when the task is idle, and power consumption is reduced by 60%.
[0038] Furthermore, the laser rangefinder has a measurement accuracy of centimeters and an error of ±5cm to support high-precision bomb throwing.
[0039] In this embodiment, the laser rangefinder emits a 1550nm infrared laser and calculates the distance using the Time-of-Flight (ToF) method, with a peak power ≤5mW.
[0040] Furthermore, the laser rangefinder has a measurement cycle of ≤0.1 seconds, making it suitable for high-speed drone flight scenarios.
[0041] In this embodiment, the measurement cycle is ≤80ms, which supports the UAV flying at a speed of 15m / s. Waveform analysis is used to distinguish between the primary target (fire source) and secondary reflections (trees, buildings), prioritizing the locking of high heat areas. Furthermore, adaptive threshold adjustment is adopted for smoke and rain / fog environments to ensure the success rate of ranging.
[0042] Furthermore, the electric detonator module is equipped with a circuit breaker to prevent accidental triggering before bombing.
[0043] In this embodiment, the circuit breaker is kept open by an electromagnet before the bomb is dropped, and is only engaged after receiving the CPU ignition command to physically connect the propellant magazine. An optocoupler relay can also be set to isolate the control signal to prevent accidental triggering by static electricity or electromagnetic pulse (EMP). The electric detonator module includes a main detonator and a backup detonator, which are independently powered. The main detonator and the backup detonator automatically switch when either path fails to ensure the success rate of ignition.
[0044] Furthermore, the bomb rack is equipped with a data cable, and the rear end of the bomb body is equipped with an interface that connects to the data cable. After the signal is received, the bomb is automatically released. After the bomb is released, the bomb body is affected by gravity and the interface is disengaged from the data cable connection to release the bomb.
[0045] Pre-drop preparation stage: After the laser rangefinder starts and the drone arrives over the fire, it scans the target area at a frequency of 10Hz to generate a two-dimensional map of distance and heat. The CPU pre-calculates the initial flight time and drop angle based on the ranging data, the drone's attitude (pitch angle ±30°), and the expected landing speed (5-20m / s). The time fuse module completes a self-test, the circuit breaker is disconnected, and the drone is waiting to send an encrypted authorization code.
[0046] During the bombing execution phase: During the drone's flight, the CPU receives new ranging data every 200ms and updates the flight time through the Kalman filter algorithm. If the wind speed changes suddenly (such as gusts ≥5m / s), the bombing angle is automatically adjusted to compensate for lateral displacement.
[0047] Precise bombing settlement: After the data wiring of the bomb rack and the interface of the bomb body complete the signal transmission, the electromagnet releases the circuit breaker, the bomb body separates from the drone, and at the moment of separation, the laser rangefinder performs the final distance calibration, and the CPU writes the final flight time into the time fuse module.
[0048] Post-drop verification phase: Detonation status feedback. After the electric detonator module is ignited, it sends a success or failure signal to the drone via radio frequency (RF). If it fails to detonate on the first attempt, the CPU locates the fault (such as a detonator open circuit) based on the feedback data, adjusts the parameters, and then automatically drops the bomb.
[0049] If the fire spreads, the remaining ammunition should be prioritized for delivery to new hotspots to achieve dynamic fire coverage.
[0050] In high-rise building firefighting, the laser wavelength is adapted to the reflection characteristics of glass curtain walls, the ranging error is ≤3cm, the CPU calculates the influence of gravitational acceleration and corrects the descent time to ensure that the laser can still accurately break windows when dropped from a height of 100 meters.
[0051] In forest fire fighting, laser rangefinders using a 1550nm wavelength have a 3-fold increased ability to penetrate light smoke, with a ranging distance of up to 200 meters. They can penetrate the tree canopy and, combined with DEM (Digital Elevation Model) data, dynamically adjust the bomb dropping height to prevent premature explosions in mountainous areas.
[0052] In hazardous areas of chemical plants, the electric detonator module uses intrinsically safe circuitry, with all energy limited to below 0.2mJ, meeting the ATEX Zone 2 explosion-proof standard. It receives commands from the command center via an encrypted link, ensuring that detonation is triggered only at a safe distance.
[0053] The working principle and usage process of this invention: After installation, the laser rangefinder emits laser pulses and receives reflected signals to accurately measure the straight-line distance between the drone and the fire source. The distance data is transmitted to the CPU processing unit in real time. The CPU processing unit receives the target distance data measured by the laser rangefinder and calculates the flight time of the fire extinguishing bomb by combining it with the drone's flight parameters. The time fuse module receives the flight time data from the CPU processing unit and starts a countdown. The electric detonator module receives the ignition signal from the time fuse module. After the countdown ends, ignition is triggered, detonating the explosive charge in the explosive magazine to achieve targeted fire extinguishing. The drone fire extinguishing bomb targeted fire extinguishing control system, composed of the time fuse module, CPU processing unit, laser rangefinder, and electric detonator module, achieves comprehensive intelligent adaptation to the fire environment. Laser ranging and dynamic calculation technology enable the fire extinguishing bomb to be accurately delivered to the target area, eliminating the bomb delivery deviation caused by environmental changes in traditional systems and ensuring that the fire extinguishing agent covers the fire source in a concentrated and accurate manner.
[0054] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A directional fire extinguishing control system for unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) fire extinguishing bombs, comprising a time fuse module, a CPU processing unit, a laser rangefinder, and an electric detonator module, characterized in that: The time fuse module is located at the rear of the projectile's propellant magazine, the laser rangefinder is located on the surface of the bomb launcher, the CPU processing unit is located on the bomb launcher, and the electric detonator module is located inside the projectile. The laser rangefinder emits laser pulses and receives reflected signals to accurately measure the straight-line distance between the drone and the fire source. The distance data is transmitted to the CPU processing unit in real time as the basis for flight time calculation. The CPU processing unit is used to receive the target distance data measured by the laser rangefinder and calculate the flight time of the fire extinguishing bomb by combining it with the UAV flight parameters; The time fuse module, as the timing control core of the fire extinguishing bomb, receives flight time data from the CPU processing unit and starts the countdown. The electric detonator module receives the ignition signal from the time fuse module. After the countdown ends, it triggers ignition to detonate the explosive charge in the explosive compartment, thereby achieving targeted fire suppression.
2. The directional fire suppression control system for unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) fire extinguishing bombs as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The time fuse module has a high-precision timing error of ≤ millisecond level, ensuring that the fire extinguishing bomb detonates accurately at the target location.
3. The directional fire suppression control system for unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) fire extinguishing bombs as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The time fuse module is equipped with a dual-verification security mechanism to prevent accidental detonation.
4. The directional fire suppression control system for unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) fire extinguishing bombs as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The CPU processing unit uses an ARM Cortex-M7 processor to dynamically calculate the drone's flight parameters in order to cope with dynamic fire scene environments.
5. The directional fire suppression control system for unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) fire-extinguishing bombs as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The CPU processing unit is equipped with a shielding layer to ensure signal transmission stability.
6. The directional fire suppression control system for unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) fire extinguishing bombs as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The laser rangefinder has a measurement accuracy of centimeters and an error of ±5cm to support high-precision bomb throwing.
7. The directional fire suppression control system for unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) fire-extinguishing bombs as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The laser rangefinder has a measurement cycle of ≤0.1 seconds, making it suitable for high-speed drone flight scenarios.
8. The directional fire suppression control system for unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) fire extinguishing bombs as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The electric detonator module is equipped with a circuit breaker to prevent accidental triggering before bombing.
9. A directional fire suppression control system for unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) fire-extinguishing bombs as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The bomb rack is equipped with a data cable, and the rear end of the bomb body is equipped with an interface that connects to the data cable. After the signal is received, the bomb is automatically released. After the bomb is released, the bomb body is affected by gravity and the interface is disengaged from the data cable connection to release the bomb.