Expressway tunnel fire station

Abstract

The expressway tunnel fire station comprises tunnels arranged in the longitudinal direction and separated from the two transverse sides, a rapid transfer channel, a wounded person protection room and an electric switch system, the rapid transfer channel is arranged between the tunnels on the two sides in the transverse direction in a communicating mode, a channel opening is formed in the communicating position, and the wounded person protection room is located on the side face of the rapid transfer channel; the electric switch system closes or opens each channel opening and has a fireproof and smoke-proof function when closed, and the rapid transfer channel is provided with a smoke sensor, a wind speed sensor and a jet fan close to each channel opening. By adopting the scheme, the invention provides the highway tunnel fire station which assists evacuees in quickly keeping away from danger and protects injured people.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of highway safety facilities, in particular to a highway tunnel fire station. BACKGROUND

[0002] The essence of a tunnel is a linear passage formed in a natural barrier (such as a mountain, a river, or under a city building) by artificial excavation or construction, and its core function is to overcome geographical barriers, shorten spatial distances, or achieve specific functions (such as drainage, ventilation, transportation, etc.). A highway tunnel is a special tunnel designed for the safe and efficient passage of motor vehicles in a highway environment, and it is an important type of traffic tunnel. It not only needs to meet the technical standards of highways, but also needs to address issues such as ventilation, lighting, and safety in light of the special nature of high-speed driving. Once a highway tunnel catches fire due to a traffic accident, it will cause more special problems due to its "closed" and "narrow" characteristics, such as: ① The evacuation path is long and single-direction, and during the evacuation process, the visibility will be limited and the psychological panic will be caused by the smoke, resulting in low evacuation efficiency; ② In traffic accidents, there will inevitably be injured personnel who are not suitable for long-distance movement; ③ Although the tunnel is generally equipped with an exhaust system, it cannot completely remove the smoke and reduce the impact of smoke on personnel evacuation. SUMMARY

[0003] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present application is to provide a highway tunnel fire station that assists in quickly evacuating personnel away from danger and protects injured personnel.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following technical solution: a tunnel is provided along the longitudinal direction and separated from the two sides in the transverse direction, a rapid transfer channel, an injured personnel protection room, and an electric switch system are further provided, the rapid transfer channel is provided between the two tunnels in the transverse direction and connected, and a channel opening is formed at the connection, the injured personnel protection room is located on the side of the rapid transfer channel, the electric switch system closes or opens each channel opening and has a fire and smoke prevention function when closed, the rapid transfer channel is provided with a smoke sensor, a wind speed sensor, and a jet fan near each channel opening, after the electric switch system opens the channel opening, the jet fan on the side away from the fire is started, the wind speed of the channel opening on the side of the fire is maintained at a critical wind speed according to the data detected by the wind speed sensor on the side of the fire, a wind barrier is formed to block the smoke from entering the rapid transfer channel, when the smoke sensor on the side of the fire detects that the smoke enters the rapid transfer channel, the jet fan on the side of the fire is intermittently started to form an air wave that pushes the smoke out of the rapid transfer channel until the smoke completely exits the rapid transfer channel.

[0005] By adopting the above technical scheme, after the highway management center discovers a fire caused by a traffic accident in a tunnel through monitoring, the electric switch system of one or more nearby rapid transfer passages is remotely controlled to start, the passage openings at both ends of the rapid transfer passage are opened, the evacuees can pass through the rapid transfer passage to reach the tunnel on the non-fire side and leave along the tunnel on the non-fire side, at the same time, the jet fans far from the fire side in the rapid transfer passage start, and the wind speed of the passage opening on the fire side is maintained at a critical wind speed according to the data detected by the wind speed sensor on the fire side, a wind barrier that blocks the smoke from entering the rapid transfer passage is formed, the smoke sensor on the fire side can discover small smoke groups in time and control the jet fans on the fire side to start intermittently, an air wave that pushes the smoke out of the rapid transfer passage is formed, until the smoke completely exits the rapid transfer passage, in addition, the wounded who are difficult to move a long distance can be moved a short distance to the wounded protection room with the assistance of the on-site personnel. The above structure has the following advantages: ① A plurality of fire stations can be equipped at equal intervals in a long-distance highway tunnel, when a fire occurs, the evacuees can pass through the rapid transfer passage to reach the tunnel on the non-fire side from the tunnel on the fire side, avoiding the vision limitation and psychological panic caused by the thick smoke when evacuating along the tunnel on the fire side, and affecting the evacuation efficiency; ② The rapid transfer passage is provided with a wounded protection room for temporarily accommodating the wounded, the wounded can be moved a small distance to the wounded protection room with the assistance of the on-site personnel, and can wait for rescue safely, avoiding the inconvenience caused by long-distance movement of the wounded; ③ The wind barrier formed by the jet fans effectively prevents the smoke from entering the rapid transfer passage and the tunnel on the non-fire side with the evacuees, making the evacuation path environment cleaner and the vision clearer, increasing the evacuation efficiency and safety, secondly, the wind barrier is at a critical wind speed, effectively reducing the possibility of aggravating the fire by introducing excessive air into the tunnel on the fire side; then, the wounded protection room can also be kept in a clean environment, which is conducive to the wounded waiting for rescue; in addition, the airflow blown by the jet fans far from the fire side is gradually uniformized in distribution and flow rate during the process of passing through the rapid transfer passage, so the jet fans far from the fire side are selected to form and maintain the wind barrier, thereby ensuring the effect of the wind barrier; ④ The air wave formed by the jet fans can quickly handle a small amount of smoke entering the rapid transfer passage, which is conducive to maintaining a clean environment, secondly, considering the introduction of excessive air into the tunnel on the fire side, the jet fans near the fire side are selected to produce the air wave, which is closer to the smoke leakage point and can quickly produce more concentrated airflow to push the smoke out, thereby ensuring the pushing effect; ⑤ If it is confirmed that the evacuees have completely left the tunnel on the fire side, the electric switch system can be controlled to start and close the passage opening on the fire side, completely isolating the smoke and fire.

[0006] The application is further provided with: the longitudinal section of the rapid transfer channel comprises a semicircular wall on the top and vertical walls on both sides below the semicircular wall, two jet fans are vertically arranged and combined into a jet fan group, and two jet fan groups are symmetrically arranged on the longitudinal sides of the semicircular wall.

[0007] By adopting the above technical scheme, the rapid transfer channel composed of the semicircular wall and the vertical walls on both sides has better stability, and the two groups of jet fan groups symmetrically arranged on both sides combine to form an air flow generation matrix covering the rapid transfer channel, thereby ensuring the wind barrier and air wave effects.

[0008] The application is further provided with: each jet fan is respectively provided with a flow guide cylinder at the transverse ends, and the height of the flow guide cylinder gradually decreases away from the jet fan.

[0009] By adopting the above technical scheme, the air flow generated by the jet fan can be blown to a lower position under the guidance of the flow guide cylinder, thereby improving the installation height of the jet fan and avoiding hindering evacuation.

[0010] The application is further provided with: the semicircular wall and the vertical walls on both sides are respectively provided with sensor seats, and the smoke sensor and the wind speed sensor are respectively installed in each sensor seat.

[0011] By adopting the above technical scheme, the multiple sensor seats form a sensing matrix covering the rapid transfer channel, so that more comprehensive and accurate data can be obtained to better assist the work of the jet fan.

[0012] The application is further provided with: the wounded protection room is respectively and symmetrically provided with a fresh air duct in communication with each side tunnel, each fresh air duct is respectively provided with a fire damper for controlling the communication or disconnection of the fresh air duct and the tunnel and a fresh air fan for guiding fresh air from the tunnel into the wounded protection room.

[0013] By adopting the above technical scheme, when the injured person is transferred to the wounded protection room, the fresh air duct will be in communication with the tunnel on the non-fire side, and the air in the tunnel on the non-fire side will be introduced into the wounded protection room through the fresh air fan, so that the injured person waiting for rescue has a better air environment.

[0014] The application is further provided with: the wounded protection room is provided with a first aid supply rack for storing first aid supplies and a plurality of stretcher cars with lifting function, and the wall of the wounded protection room is provided with a video intercom.

[0015] By adopting the technical scheme, multiple stretchers with lifting function are prepared, the on-site personnel can assist the injured person to move to the injured person protection room and wait for the arrival of the ambulance, during which the medical staff in the first-aid center can guide the on-site personnel through the visual intercom, and the first-aid supplies on the first-aid supply rack are used to simply treat the injured person, thereby gaining valuable time for subsequent treatment.

[0016] The application is further provided that the rapid transfer channel is provided with a fire-fighting equipment room on the side, and a plurality of fire-fighting equipment cabinets for storing fire-fighting equipment are arranged in the fire-fighting equipment room.

[0017] By adopting the technical scheme, the fire-fighting equipment room is added, so that the fire-fighting personnel who arrive at the scene first can supplement fire-fighting equipment from the scene, greatly enhancing the fire-fighting capability, and at the same time, the fire-fighting equipment (such as gas masks) can be provided for the evacuated personnel, ensuring the safe evacuation of personnel.

[0018] The application is further provided that the rapid transfer channel is provided with a power supply control room on the side, and a control cabinet and an emergency power supply cabinet are arranged in the power supply control room.

[0019] By adopting the technical scheme, after the fire occurs, each electrical equipment is switched to be powered by the emergency power supply cabinet, ensuring the smooth rescue, and the control cabinet is uniformly controlled, facilitating on-site rapid adjustment.

[0020] The application is further provided that the light system includes lighting lamps and directional lamps, the lighting lamps are arranged on the top of each part of the rapid transfer channel, and the directional lamps are arranged on the tunnel wall and point to the channel opening.

[0021] By adopting the technical scheme, each space in the rapid transfer channel is fully illuminated by the lighting lamps, ensuring the safe and rapid movement of personnel between each space, and at the same time, the evacuation personnel are guided to quickly enter the rapid transfer channel by the directional lamps, effectively improving the evacuation efficiency in the tunnel.

[0022] The application is further provided that the electric switch system is an electric fireproof roller shutter door, the electric fireproof roller shutter door includes a door machine, guide rails and a door body, the door machine is located above the door body and is used for winding and unwinding the door body, the guide rails are located on both sides of the door body and are used for guiding the door body to rise and fall, the rapid transfer channel is provided with a door machine bin for installing the door machine above the channel opening, and the rapid transfer channel is provided with guide rail grooves for fixing the guide rails on the longitudinal sides below the door machine bin.

[0023] By adopting the above technical scheme, the door machine bin is used for mounting the door machine, the influence of fire on the door machine is reduced, so that stable operation of the door machine is ensured, and meanwhile, the guide rail is mounted by the guide rail groove, the deformation and corrosion possibility of the guide rail are reduced, and the service life is prolonged. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 is a closing state diagram of the embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 2 is an opening state diagram of the embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 3 is an internal layout diagram of the embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 4 is a partial sectional view of the embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 5 is a flowchart of the embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The technical solutions of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0030] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" are only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0031] As shown in Figure 1 Figure 4 The present application discloses a highway tunnel fire station, which comprises tunnels arranged longitudinally and separated from the two lateral sides, wherein a represents the position of the tunnel, b represents the wall between the two tunnels, Figure 1 , Figure 2 the arrow represents the direction of vehicle travel, Figure 3 ​The middle dotted line represents the profile of the rapid transfer channel 1, which also includes the rapid transfer channel 1, the wounded protection room 2 and the electric switch system. The rapid transfer channel 1 is arranged between the two side tunnels in a transverse and interconnected manner and forms a channel opening 11 at the connection. The wounded protection room 2 is located on the side of the rapid transfer channel 1. The electric switch system closes or opens each channel opening 11 and has a fire and smoke prevention function when closed. The rapid transfer channel 1 is provided with a smoke sensor 12, a wind speed sensor 13 and a jet fan 14 near each channel opening 11. The jet fan 14 is a bidirectional fan that can provide airflow in different directions by forward and reverse rotation. After the electric switch system opens the channel opening 11, the jet fan 14 on the side far from the fire is started. According to the data detected by the wind speed sensor 13 on the fire side, the wind speed of the channel opening 11 on the fire side is maintained at a critical wind speed, which is generally selected to be 1-2 m / s. A wind barrier is formed to prevent smoke from entering the rapid transfer channel 1. When the smoke sensor 12 on the fire side detects that the smoke enters the rapid transfer channel 1, the jet fan 14 on the fire side is intermittently started to form an air wave to push the smoke out of the rapid transfer channel 1 until the smoke completely exits the rapid transfer channel 1. Figure 2 the state is restored toFigure 1 Smoke and fire are completely isolated.

[0032] The longitudinal section of the rapid transfer channel 1 includes a semicircular wall above and vertical walls on both sides below the semicircular wall, two jet fans 14 are vertically arranged and combined into a jet fan group c, and the two jet fan groups c are symmetrically arranged on the longitudinal sides of the semicircular wall. The rapid transfer channel 1 composed of the semicircular wall and the vertical walls on both sides has better stability, and the two groups of jet fan groups c symmetrically arranged on both sides combine to form an air flow generation matrix covering the rapid transfer channel 1, ensuring the wind barrier and air wave effects.

[0033] Each jet fan 14 is provided with a flow guide cylinder 141 at the transverse ends, and the height of the flow guide cylinder 141 gradually decreases away from the jet fan 14. The air flow generated by the jet fan 14 can be blown to a lower position under the guidance of the flow guide cylinder 141, thereby increasing the installation height of the jet fan 14 and avoiding hindering evacuation.

[0034] The semicircular wall and the vertical walls on both sides are respectively provided with sensor seats 15, and the smoke sensor 12 and the wind speed sensor 13 are respectively installed in each sensor seat 15. The multiple sensor seats 15 form a sensing matrix covering the rapid transfer channel 1, which can obtain more comprehensive and accurate data and better assist the work of the jet fan 14.

[0035] The wounded protection room 2 is provided with fresh air ducts 21 communicating with each side tunnel, each fresh air duct 21 is provided with a fire damper 22 controlling the communication or cut-off of the fresh air duct 21 with the tunnel and a fresh air fan 23 guiding fresh air from the tunnel into the wounded protection room 2. When the injured person is transferred to the wounded protection room 2, the fresh air duct 21 will be communicated with the tunnel on the non-fire side, and the air in the tunnel on the non-fire side will be introduced into the wounded protection room 2 through the fresh air fan 23, ensuring that the injured person waiting for rescue has a better air environment.

[0036] The wounded protection room 2 is provided with a first aid supply rack 24 for storing first aid supplies and a plurality of stretcher cars 25 with lifting function, and the wall of the wounded protection room 2 is provided with a video intercom 26. A plurality of stretcher cars 25 with lifting function are prepared to facilitate the on-site personnel to assist the injured person to be transferred to the wounded protection room 2 and wait for the arrival of the ambulance. During this period, the medical staff at the first aid center can guide the on-site personnel through the video intercom, and use the first aid supplies on the first aid supply rack 24 to perform simple treatment on the injured person, thereby gaining valuable time for subsequent treatment.

[0037] The quick transfer passage 1 is provided with a fire-fighting equipment room 3 on the side, and a plurality of fire-fighting equipment cabinets 31 for storing fire-fighting equipment are arranged in the fire-fighting equipment room 3. The fire-fighting equipment room 3 is additionally provided, so that the fire-fighting personnel who first arrive at the scene can supplement the fire-fighting equipment from the scene, greatly enhancing the fire-fighting capability, and at the same time, the fire-fighting equipment (such as gas masks) can be provided for the evacuees to ensure the safe evacuation of personnel.

[0038] The quick transfer passage 1 is provided with a power supply control room 4 on the side, and a control cabinet 41 and an emergency power supply cabinet 42 are arranged in the power supply control room 4. After the fire occurs, each electrical equipment is switched to be powered by the emergency power supply cabinet 42 to ensure the smooth rescue, and is uniformly controlled by the control cabinet 41 to facilitate on-site quick adjustment.

[0039] The light system includes lighting lamps 5 and directional lamps 6. The lighting lamps 5 are arranged on the top of the quick transfer passage 1 respectively, and the directional lamps 6 are arranged on the tunnel wall and point to the passage opening 11. The space in the quick transfer passage 1 is fully illuminated by the lighting lamps 5 to ensure the safe and quick movement of personnel between spaces, and at the same time, the evacuation personnel are guided by the directional lamps 6 to quickly enter the quick transfer passage 1, effectively improving the evacuation efficiency in the tunnel.

[0040] The electric switch system is an electric fireproof rolling shutter door 7, which includes a door machine 71, guide rails 72 and a door body 73. The door machine 71 is located above the door body 73 and is used for winding and unwinding the door body 73. The guide rails 72 are located on both sides of the door body 73 and are used for guiding the door body 73 to rise and fall. The door machine 71 is arranged in the door machine bin 16 above the quick transfer passage 1 near the passage opening 11. The guide rails 72 are arranged in the guide rail grooves 17 on the longitudinal sides below the door machine bin 16. The door machine 71 is arranged in the door machine bin 16 to reduce the influence of fire on the door machine 71, thereby ensuring the stable operation of the door machine 71. At the same time, the guide rails 72 are arranged in the guide rail grooves 17 to reduce the deformation and corrosion of the guide rails 72 and prolong the service life.

[0041] Cooperation Figure 5 Brief introduction of the working process of the fire station (the arrow represents the evacuation path):

[0042] The following side tunnel is a fire tunnel (d), after the highway management center discovers a fire caused by a traffic accident in the tunnel through monitoring, remotely controls the electric switch system of one or more nearby rapid transfer channels 1 to start, opens the channel port 11 at both ends of the rapid transfer channel 1, the pointing lamp 6 (k) guides the evacuation personnel to quickly enter the rapid transfer channel 1, the lighting lamp 5 fully illuminates the space in the rapid transfer channel 1, and the evacuation personnel can pass through the rapid transfer channel to reach the non-fire side tunnel (e), leave along the non-fire side tunnel (e), at the same time, the jet fan 14 (f) in the rapid transfer channel away from the fire side starts, and according to the data detected by the wind speed sensor 13 (g) on the fire side, the wind speed of the channel port (h) on the fire side is maintained at a critical wind speed, forming a wind barrier to block smoke from entering the rapid transfer channel, if the smoke sensor 12 (g) on the fire side finds that there is smoke leakage, the jet fan 14 (i) on the fire side is intermittently started to form an air wave to push the smoke out of the rapid transfer channel 1 until the smoke completely exits the rapid transfer channel 1, in addition, for the wounded who are difficult to move long distances, the staff on the scene can push the stretcher 25 out of the wounded protection room 2 (j) to assist the wounded to move a short distance to the wounded protection room 2, and the wounded waits for rescue in the wounded protection room 2, the fresh air duct 21 (l) is connected with the non-fire side tunnel (e) by opening the windproof fire method 22 (m), and the fresh air fan 23 (n) introduces the air in the non-fire side tunnel into the wounded protection room 2, if it is confirmed that the evacuation personnel completely leave the fire side tunnel (d), the electric switch system can be controlled to start to close the channel port (h) on the fire side, completely isolating the smoke and fire.

Claims

1. A highway tunnel fire station, comprising a tunnel arranged longitudinally and separated from both transverse sides, characterized in that: It also includes a rapid transfer passage, a casualty protection room, and an electric switch system. The rapid transfer passage is arranged laterally and interconnected between the two tunnels, forming a passage opening at the connection point. The casualty protection room is located on the side of the rapid transfer passage. The electric switch system has fire and smoke prevention functions when closing or opening each passage opening. Smoke sensors, wind speed sensors, and jet fans are respectively installed near each passage opening of the rapid transfer passage. After the electric switch system opens the passage opening, the jet fan away from the fire side starts. Based on the data detected by the wind speed sensor on the fire side, the wind speed at the passage opening on the fire side is maintained at a critical wind speed, forming a wind barrier to prevent smoke from entering the rapid transfer passage. When the smoke sensor on the fire side detects smoke entering the rapid transfer passage, the jet fan on the fire side starts intermittently, forming an air wave that pushes the smoke out of the rapid transfer passage until the smoke completely exits the rapid transfer passage.

2. The highway tunnel fire station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The longitudinal section of the rapid transfer channel includes a semi-circular wall at the top and vertical walls on both sides below the semi-circular wall. The two jet fans are arranged vertically to form a jet fan unit, and the two jet fan units are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the longitudinal direction of the semi-circular wall.

3. The highway tunnel fire station according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each of the jet fans is provided with a guide tube at both ends of its lateral direction, and the height of the guide tube gradually decreases as it moves away from the jet fan.

4. The highway tunnel fire station according to claim 2, characterized in that: Sensor mounts are provided on the vertical walls in the middle and on both sides of the semi-circular wall, and the smoke sensor and wind speed sensor are respectively installed on each sensor mount.

5. The highway tunnel fire station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The casualty protection room is connected to each side tunnel by a fresh air duct. Each fresh air duct is equipped with a fireproof damper to control the connection or disconnection between the fresh air duct and the tunnel, and a fresh air fan to guide fresh air from the tunnel into the casualty protection room.

6. The highway tunnel fire station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wounded personnel protection room is equipped with a first aid supply rack for storing first aid supplies and multiple stretcher carts with lifting functions. The walls of the wounded personnel protection room are equipped with video intercoms.

7. The highway tunnel fire station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rapid transfer passage is equipped with a fire equipment room on its side, which contains multiple fire equipment cabinets for storing fire equipment.

8. The highway tunnel fire station according to claim 1, characterized in that: A power supply control room is located on the side of the rapid transfer channel, and the power supply control room is equipped with a control cabinet and an emergency power supply cabinet.

9. The highway tunnel fire station according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a lighting system, which includes lighting fixtures and directional lights. The lighting fixtures are respectively installed on the top of each part of the rapid transfer channel, and the directional lights are respectively installed on the tunnel wall and point towards the channel entrance.

10. The highway tunnel fire station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electric switching system is an electric fireproof roller shutter door. The electric fireproof roller shutter door includes a door operator, guide rails, and a door body. The door operator is located above the door body and is used to raise and lower the door body. The guide rails are located on both sides of the door body and are used to guide the door body to rise and fall. The quick transfer channel is provided with a door operator compartment for installing the door operator near the upper part of the channel opening. The quick transfer channel is provided with guide rail grooves for fixing the guide rails on both longitudinal sides below the door operator compartment.

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