Alignment auxiliary device for milling key groove of rotating shaft

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of machining, in particular to a centering auxiliary device for a rotary shaft milling key groove. A left positioning plate and a right positioning plate are arranged at the lower end of a left rod and the lower end of a right rod which are vertically arranged beside the milling cutter rod respectively, and the left positioning plate and the right positioning plate form a V shape with a downward flaring. The intersecting line of the extending faces of the left positioning plate and the right positioning plate is located in the horizontal direction, and the angle bisection face of the V-shaped angle formed by the left positioning plate and the right positioning plate is coplanar with the rod core of the milling cutter rod. According to the invention, the centering adjustment efficiency and precision of the milling cutter arbor and the spindle core of the rotating shaft of the to-be-milled key slot are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of machining, and more specifically to an auxiliary device for centering keyways in shaft milling. Background Technology

[0002] Keyed connections are an important way to transmit torque, and the machining accuracy of the keyway on the shaft is a key point in keyed connections.

[0003] The document titled "Universal Adjustable Keyway Alignment Device" (Document No. CN203141129U, hereinafter referred to as Document 1) discloses an alignment device consisting of a sliding base, an adjusting slider, a replaceable alignment element, and a locking assembly. The device uses the sliding base as the mounting base and adjusts the position by moving the slider in multiple dimensions in the horizontal and vertical directions on the base. Then, it replaces the dedicated alignment element that matches the diameter of the shaft to be processed to achieve precise positioning. Although it has a certain degree of universality due to the replaceable element, the overall structure is highly disassembled, including multiple independent components such as the base, slider, and alignment element. When batch processing shaft parts of different specifications, it is necessary to frequently disassemble and replace the alignment element and readjust the slider position. The operation steps are cumbersome, which greatly limits the production efficiency.

[0004] The document titled "A Centering Device for Keyway Milling" (Document No. CN211072768U, hereinafter referred to as Document 2) discloses a centering device consisting of a fixed bracket, a V-shaped positioning block, a rotating dial, and a detection needle. In use, the shaft to be machined is first placed in the V-shaped positioning block for initial positioning. Then, the dial is rotated to drive the needle to contact the milling cutter and the surface of the shaft. The center offset data of the two are read according to the dial scale. The operator needs to calculate the actual offset according to the scale and then manually adjust the position of the milling cutter or the shaft. The calibration is repeated until the needle shows centering. This process not only requires the operator to have skilled reading and conversion skills, but also the centering accuracy depends entirely on the standardization of manual operation. In mass production, the accuracy stability is easily affected by human operation differences.

[0005] The document titled "A Centering Device and Method for Keyway Milling" (Document No. CN118875369A, hereinafter referred to as Document 3) discloses a high-precision centering device consisting of a centering tool holder, a rotating bracket, a teaching and detection component, and a mounting base. The centering tool holder is used to connect to the machine tool spindle, the rotating bracket can rotate around the axis of the tool holder, and the teaching component includes a contact bearing and a dial indicator. The bearing contacts the surface of the shaft to be machined. When the bracket is rotated, the dial indicator detects the offset between the center of the shaft and the milling cutter in real time. Although it can achieve micron-level centering accuracy through detection data, the device includes multiple functional components such as spindle connection, rotary transmission, and precision detection. The coaxiality requirements of the assembly of each component are extremely high. Moreover, after centering, the entire centering device must be removed before the milling cutter is replaced and installed for machining, which increases the process connection time, makes the machining process redundant, and is difficult to adapt to continuous production scenarios.

[0006] The technologies disclosed in the aforementioned documents 1, 2, and 3 either rely on complex adjustment components, require manual testing and calibration, or have problems such as cumbersome processes and limited adaptability, making it difficult to simultaneously meet the actual production needs of high precision, high efficiency, and ease of operation in centering. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide an auxiliary device for centering keyways in shaft milling, so as to improve the centering accuracy and efficiency of keyways, thereby improving the machining accuracy and efficiency of keyways.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0009] A spindle keyway centering auxiliary device includes a left rod and a right rod arranged vertically beside a milling cutter rod, with a left positioning plate and a right positioning plate at their lower ends, respectively. The left and right positioning plates form a V-shape with the opening facing downwards. When the upper ends of the left and right rods are detachably connected to the milling cutter rod via openable bayonet joints, the intersection line of the extended surfaces of the left and right positioning plates is located in the horizontal direction, and the angle bisector of the V-shaped angle formed by the left and right positioning plates is coplanar with the core of the milling cutter rod.

[0010] In the above technical solution, the left and right rods are detachably connected to the milling cutter rod via opening and closing bayonet joints at the upper ends. The intersection line of the extended surfaces of the left and right positioning plates at the lower ends of the left and right rods is horizontal, and the angle bisector of the V-shaped angle formed by the left and right positioning plates is coplanar with the core of the milling cutter rod. The shaft of the keyway to be milled is adjusted to be close to and fixed with the left and right positioning plates using the left and right positioning plates as references. At this time, the core of the shaft of the keyway to be milled and the core of the milling cutter rod are in a coplanar and perpendicular positional relationship. When the milling cutter rod moves along the parallel direction of the core of the shaft of the keyway to be milled, a keyway that meets the design accuracy can be machined. This invention improves the adjustment efficiency of the alignment between the core of the shaft of the milling cutter rod and the core of the keyway to be milled. Attached Figure Description

[0011] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0012] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Sectional view of AA;

[0013] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0014] First, it should be noted that the definition of upper and lower positions in this application is based on the premise that the milling cutter bar 1 is arranged vertically and the keyway shaft is placed horizontally on the worktable.

[0015] like Figure 1 , 2The pivot milling keyway centering auxiliary device shown in Figure 3 has a left positioning plate 11 and a right positioning plate 21 at the lower ends of the left rod 10 and right rod 20, which are vertically arranged beside the milling cutter rod 1. The left positioning plate 11 and right positioning plate 21 form a V-shape with the opening facing downward. When the upper end of the left rod 10 and right rod 20 is detachably connected to the milling cutter rod 1 with the opening and closing bayonet, the intersection line of the extended surfaces of the left positioning plate 11 and right positioning plate 21 is located in the horizontal direction, and the angle bisector of the V-shaped angle formed by the left positioning plate 11 and right positioning plate 21 is coplanar with the core of the milling cutter rod 1.

[0016] The above technical solution uses the milling cutter shank 1 as a reference to determine the positional relationship between the left positioning plate 11, the right positioning plate 21, and the core of the milling cutter shank 1. Specifically, it utilizes the opening and closing latches at the upper ends of the left rod 10 and the right rod 20 to connect to the milling cutter shank 1. This ensures that the intersection of the extended surfaces of the left positioning plate 11 and the right positioning plate 21 is horizontal, and simultaneously ensures that the angle bisector of the V-shaped angle formed by the left positioning plate 11 and the right positioning plate 21 is coplanar with the core of the milling cutter shank 1. The positional relationship of the left positioning plate 11 and the right positioning plate 21 is thus determined. The V-shaped angular area of ​​the positioning plate 21 serves as a positioning reference to adjust the position of the pivot of the keyway to be milled. When the pivot of the keyway to be milled is aligned with the left positioning plate 11 and the right positioning plate 21, the pivot of the keyway to be milled is coplanar with the bisector of the V-shaped angle formed by the left positioning plate 11 and the right positioning plate 21. At this time, the pivot of the keyway to be milled is also necessarily coplanar and perpendicular to the pivot of the milling cutter 1. The pivot of the keyway to be milled is constrained and fixed at this position using a clamp, and the milling cutter 1 can then begin the keyway milling operation. It should be noted that after the pivot of the keyway to be milled is constrained and fixed, the centering device can be removed. That is, the detachable connection between the opening and closing bayonet at the upper end of the left rod 10 and the right rod 20 and the milling cutter 1 facilitates the disassembly and assembly of the centering device.

[0017] Preferably, the side plates where the V-shaped region is formed by the left positioning plate 11 and the right positioning plate 21 are mirror-symmetrically arranged planes or curved surfaces with the same curvature. In this scheme, the planes are easily and efficiently machined. Choosing a curved surface scheme offers advantages for large-sized shafts of different specifications, because even when the extension dimensions of the curved surfaces of the left positioning plate 11 and the right positioning plate 21 are small, the position calibration of the shaft 2 to be milled for the keyway can still be achieved. However, machining curved surfaces is slightly more difficult than machining planes.

[0018] Preferably, the opening and closing latches at the upper ends of the left rod 10 and right rod 20 include a left V-shaped latch plate 12 and a right V-shaped latch plate 22 connected to the upper ends of the left rod 10 and right rod 20. The left V-shaped latch plate 12 and right V-shaped latch plate 22 have externally placed left V-shaped latch plate flanges 13 and 23 at the opening side edges. When the left V-shaped latch plate flanges 13 and 23 on the same side are connected by bolts 30 and nuts 40, the left V-shaped latch plate 12 and right V-shaped latch plate 22 form a vertically penetrating constraint area with opposite openings, surrounding the rod wall of the milling cutter rod 1. For example... Figure 3 As shown, the above-mentioned opening and closing bayonet scheme is composed of a left V-shaped bayonet plate 12 and a right V-shaped bayonet plate 22. The V-shaped bayonet plate is easy to process and its accuracy can easily meet the design requirements.

[0019] When the left V-shaped clamping plate 12 and the right V-shaped clamping plate 22 form an open, vertically connected constraint area surrounding the wall of the milling cutter shank 1, the angle bisectors of the left V-shaped clamping plate 12 and the right V-shaped clamping plate 22, and the coplanar plane of the core of the milling cutter shank 1, are perpendicular or orthogonal to the angle bisectors of the V-shaped angle formed by the left positioning plate 11 and the right positioning plate 21. The angle bisectors of the left V-shaped clamping plate 12 and the right V-shaped clamping plate 22, and the coplanar plane of the core of the milling cutter shank 1, and the angle bisectors of the V-shaped angle formed by the left positioning plate 11 and the right positioning plate 21, can be either perpendicular or orthogonal. This provides redundancy for selecting whether the keyway shaft 2 to be milled is arranged longitudinally or laterally on the worktable, and whether the milling cutter shank 1 travels longitudinally or laterally, facilitating the operator's assembly and disassembly operations when connecting the left V-shaped clamping plate 12 and the right V-shaped clamping plate 12 to the milling cutter shank 1.

[0020] like Figure 3 As shown, the left rod 10 includes a first left rod 10a and a second left rod 10b extending in the same direction, and the right rod 20 includes a first right rod 20a and a second right rod 20b extending in the same direction. The upper ends of the first left rod 10a and the second left rod 10b are respectively connected to the two left V-shaped clamping plate flanges 13, and the upper ends of the first right rod 20a and the second right rod 20b are respectively connected to the two right V-shaped clamping plate flanges 23. The left rod 10 is configured with a first left rod 10a and a second left rod 10b arranged in parallel. The spacing between the first left rod 10a and the second left rod 10b facilitates the arrangement of them at a distance from the milling cutter rod 1. It also allows for the placement of the first left positioning plate 11a and the second left positioning plate 11b at the lower ends of the first left rod 10a and the second left rod 10b, respectively. The lower ends of the first right rod 20a and the second right rod 20b are respectively provided with the first right positioning plate 21a and the second right positioning plate 21b. The intersection line of the coplanar plane of the first left positioning plate 11a and the second left positioning plate 11b and the coplanar plane of the first right positioning plate 21a and the second right positioning plate 21b is located in the horizontal direction. The angle bisector of the V-shaped angle formed by the coplanar plane of the first left positioning plate 11a and the second left positioning plate 11b and the coplanar plane of the first right positioning plate 21a and the second right positioning plate 21b is coplanar with the core of the milling cutter rod 1.

[0021] The first left positioning plate 11a, the second left positioning plate 11b, the first right positioning plate 21a, and the second right positioning plate 21b are arranged at intervals along the axial length of the rotating shaft 2 to be milled, which can improve the positioning accuracy of the rotating shaft 2 to be milled. The above solution also significantly reduces the amount of material and weight of the components, and facilitates disassembly and assembly operations.

[0022] The first left rod 10a, the second left rod 10b, the left V-shaped clamping plate 12, the left V-shaped clamping plate flange 13, the first left positioning plate 11a, and the second left positioning plate 11b do not need to be independently processed and formed before being connected. In actual processing, the plates can be laid out into concave shapes, and then bent and holes can be made. The most important thing to ensure during processing is the surface accuracy and positional accuracy of the left V-shaped clamping plate 12, the first left positioning plate 11a, and the second left positioning plate 11b. Correspondingly, the processing schemes for the first right positioning plate 21a, the second right positioning plate 21b, and their related parts are the same.

[0023] At least one tapered locating pin 50 is provided between the left V-shaped clamping plate flange 13 and the right V-shaped clamping plate flange 23 on the same side. In the examples shown in 2 and 3, the small hole on the inner side is a pin hole that mates with the tapered locating pin 50, and the large hole on the outer side is a bolt connection hole. By providing two tapered locating pins 50, it is ensured that the angle bisectors of the left V-shaped clamping plate 12 and the right V-shaped clamping plate 22 are coplanar and simultaneously coplanar with the core of the milling cutter rod 1, thus ensuring positioning accuracy.

Claims

1. A pivot milling keyway centering auxiliary device, characterized in that: The lower ends of the left rod (10) and right rod (20) arranged vertically on the side of the milling cutter rod (1) are respectively a left positioning plate (11) and a right positioning plate (21). The left positioning plate (11) and right positioning plate (21) form a V-shape with the opening facing downward. When the upper end of the left rod (10) and right rod (20) is connected to the milling cutter rod (1) in a detachable manner with the opening and closing bayonet, the intersection line of the extension surfaces of the left positioning plate (11) and right positioning plate (21) is located in the horizontal direction, and the angle bisector of the V-shaped angle formed by the left positioning plate (11) and right positioning plate (21) is coplanar with the core of the milling cutter rod (1).

2. The spindle milling keyway alignment auxiliary device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side plates of the V-shaped area formed by the left positioning plate (11) and the right positioning plate (21) are either planes or curved surfaces with the same curvature arranged in a mirror symmetrical manner.

3. The spindle milling keyway alignment auxiliary device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The opening and closing type of the upper end of the left rod (10) and the right rod (20) includes a left V-shaped clamping plate (12) and a right V-shaped clamping plate (22) connected to the upper end of the left rod (10) and the right rod (20). The left V-shaped clamping plate (12) and the right V-shaped clamping plate (22) have external left V-shaped clamping plate flanges (13) and right V-shaped clamping plate flanges (23) at the opening side of the left V-shaped clamping plate (13) and the right V-shaped clamping plate flanges (23) on the same side. When the left V-shaped clamping plate flanges (13) and the right V-shaped clamping plate flanges (23) on the same side are connected by bolts (30) and nuts (40), the left V-shaped clamping plate (12) and the right V-shaped clamping plate (12) form a constraint area with the opening opposite each other and extending vertically, which surrounds the rod wall of the milling cutter rod (1).

4. The spindle milling keyway alignment auxiliary device according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the left V-shaped clamping plate (12) and the right V-shaped clamping plate (22) form an open, vertically connected constraint area on the wall of the milling cutter rod (1), the angle bisectors of the left V-shaped clamping plate (12) and the right V-shaped clamping plate (22), the coplanar plane of the core of the milling cutter rod (1), and the angle bisectors of the V-shaped angle formed by the left positioning plate (11) and the right positioning plate (21) are perpendicular or orthogonal to the angle bisectors of the V-shaped angle formed by the left positioning plate (11) and the right positioning plate (21).

5. The spindle milling keyway alignment auxiliary device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left rod (10) includes a first left rod (10a) and a second left rod (10b) extending in the same direction. The right rod (20) includes a first right rod (20a) and a second right rod (20b) extending in the same direction. The upper ends of the first left rod (10a) and the second left rod (10b) are respectively connected to the two left V-shaped plate flanges (13), and the upper ends of the first right rod (20a) and the second right rod (20b) are respectively connected to the two right V-shaped plate flanges (23).

6. The spindle milling keyway alignment auxiliary device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The lower ends of the first left rod (10a) and the second left rod (10b) are respectively provided with the first left positioning plate (11a) and the second left positioning plate (11b), and the lower ends of the first right rod (20a) and the second right rod (20b) are respectively provided with the first right positioning plate (21a) and the second right positioning plate (21b). The line of intersection between the coplanar plane of the first left positioning plate (11a) and the coplanar plane of the first right positioning plate (21a) and the coplanar plane of the second right positioning plate (21b) is located in the horizontal direction, and the angle bisector of the V-shaped angle formed by the coplanar plane of the first left positioning plate (11a) and the second left positioning plate (11b) and the coplanar plane of the first right positioning plate (21a) and the second right positioning plate (21b) is coplanar with the core of the milling cutter rod (1).

7. The spindle milling keyway alignment auxiliary device according to claim 3, characterized in that: At least one tapered positioning pin (50) is provided between the left V-shaped plate flange (13) and the right V-shaped plate flange (23) on the same side.

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