Rock shear test device for water immersion environment and use method of rock shear test device

Abstract

The invention relates to a rock shear test device for an immersion environment and a use method thereof, and the test device comprises a base which is provided with a first guide rail extending along a first direction; the lower box body is arranged on the first guide rail and used for moving relative to the base in the first direction, and the lower box body is of a concave structure with an upward opening; the upper box body is arranged to be of a concave structure opposite to the opening of the lower box body, the upper box body is arranged above the lower box body in a buckled mode, the upper box body and the lower box body are used for defining a cavity penetrating in the first direction so as to contain a rock sample, and at least part of the top wall of the upper box body is arranged to be a water guide grid; and the water soaking assembly is arranged above the upper box body and is used for injecting flowing water into the cavity through the water guide grid. According to the technical scheme, the test device can simulate the influence change of the shear force on the rock in the water immersion environment, is convenient to operate, optimizes the power output of the shear force, has a good sample infiltration effect, and is accurate and easy to obtain test data.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of rock shear testing technology, and more specifically, to a rock shear testing apparatus for use in a water immersion environment and its method of use. Background Technology

[0002] Rock shear resistance is an important parameter for studying rock mass stability. Commonly used shear test methods are mainly carried out under dry conditions, which cannot simulate the long-term erosion and softening effect of groundwater on rock structural surfaces.

[0003] In related technologies, rock shearing devices simulating immersion environments suffer from uneven water flow distribution, leading to phenomena such as water splashing and insufficient sample wetting, making it impossible to observe the lateral macroscopic deformation of the sample in real time. Furthermore, existing rock shearing devices are structurally complex and inconvenient to operate, making immersion tests difficult to implement. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this disclosure is to provide a rock shear testing apparatus and its method of use for use in a submerged environment, so as to at least partially solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned related technologies.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, a first aspect of this disclosure provides a rock shear testing apparatus for a water-immersion environment, comprising: a base with a first guide rail extending along a first direction; a lower housing disposed on the first guide rail for moving relative to the base along the first direction, the lower housing being a concave structure with an upward opening; an upper housing disposed in a concave structure opposite to the opening of the lower housing, the upper housing being fastened above the lower housing for forming a cavity extending along the first direction to accommodate a rock sample, and the top wall of the upper housing being at least partially configured as a water-guiding mesh; and a water-immersion assembly disposed above the upper housing for injecting water into the cavity through the water-guiding mesh.

[0006] The upper box is provided with a second guide rail extending along a second direction above the top wall of the upper box. The upper box is configured to be able to move relative to the immersion component along the second direction via the second guide rail. The first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other in a horizontal plane.

[0007] Optionally, the immersion assembly includes a main body disposed on the second guide rail and a water storage cavity disposed inside the main body. A first channel is provided on the side wall of the main body for connecting the water storage cavity and the outside of the main body, and a water spray hole is provided at the bottom of the water storage cavity opposite to the water guiding grid for dispersing the water in the water storage cavity to the water guiding grid.

[0008] Optionally, the first channel is configured to be inclined in the height direction, and the port of the first channel communicating with the water storage cavity is located at a relatively low position, while the port of the first channel communicating with the outside of the main body is located at a relatively high position.

[0009] Optionally, both the inner wall of the upper box and the inner wall of the lower box are provided with water guide grooves, which extend along the height direction and are connected to the water guide grooves of the upper box and the lower box.

[0010] Optionally, the upper box has multiple water guide channels, which are respectively disposed on two opposite inner sidewalls of the upper box, and the lower box has the same number of water guide channels as the upper box.

[0011] Optionally, a water inlet extending through the height direction is provided in the middle of the bottom wall of the lower box, and the water inlet is simultaneously connected to each of the water guide channels of the lower box, for collecting the water flowing in the water guide channels to the water inlet and guiding it to the base.

[0012] Optionally, the base is configured as an upward-opening groove structure to receive the water flowing out of the water inlet, and the side wall of the base is provided with a second channel, which is connected to the water storage device.

[0013] Optionally, the rock shear test apparatus further includes side plates disposed on both sides of the opening of the cavity, one side of the side plate being hinged to the bottom wall of the lower box, and the side plates being configured to rotate relative to the bottom wall of the lower box to close the opening of the cavity in a first direction.

[0014] Optionally, the side plate is provided with a plurality of speckle holes, which are configured to be arranged in a dot matrix on the surface of the side plate.

[0015] Optionally, the side plate includes a fixed plate and a telescopic plate, one side of the fixed plate is hinged to the bottom wall, and the opposite side is movably connected to the telescopic plate to change the area of ​​the side plate.

[0016] Optionally, the side plate further includes: an annular retaining ring disposed on the side of the side plate facing the cavity; a gasket disposed in the annular retaining ring, the gasket being detachably connected to the annular retaining ring; and a limiting block disposed on the edge of the annular retaining ring for positioning the gasket.

[0017] The gasket has an adhesive layer on its surface, which is used to bond the gasket to the side wall of the rock sample when the side plate closes the cavity.

[0018] A second aspect of this disclosure provides a method of using a rock shear testing apparatus, including:

[0019] A rock sample is placed in the cavity formed by the lower and upper boxes. The side plate is rotated to close the cavity and the gasket is bonded to the rock sample. Speckle marks are sprayed onto the rock sample through the speckle holes of the side plate. The side plate is rotated to open the cavity, and the acoustic emission probe is magnetically connected to the gasket on the side wall of the rock sample. The rock shear test device is moved to a preset position along a first direction, and water is introduced into the water storage cavity through the first channel. The flow rate of the water is controlled so that it is distributed to the surface of the rock sample through the water spray hole and the water guiding grid in sequence. Shear stresses in opposite directions are applied to the side walls of the upper and lower boxes along a second direction to shear the rock sample. The changes in the speckle marks are recorded, and the deformation parameters of the rock sample are obtained through the acoustic emission probe. The water is introduced into the base through the water inlet and collected through the second channel.

[0020] Through the above technical solution, this rock shear testing device can simulate the changes in rock under shear force in a water immersion environment. When the rock sample is placed in the cavity between the upper and lower boxes, the device can be moved to a preset position via the first guide rail, making it easy to move. When shear forces in opposite directions are applied to the sidewalls of the upper and lower boxes respectively, the upper box can move relative to the water immersion component via the second guide rail, reducing the resistance of horizontal friction and optimizing the power output of the shear force. At the same time, the water immersion component continuously introduces uniformly distributed water into the surface of the rock sample, meeting the conditions for simulating the water immersion environment, resulting in good sample wetting effect and accurate and easily obtainable test data.

[0021] Other features and advantages of this disclosure will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the present disclosure and form part of the specification. They are used together with the following detailed description to explain the present disclosure, but do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a rock shear testing apparatus for use in a submerged environment, according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a rock shear testing apparatus for use in a submerged environment, according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a rock shear testing apparatus for use in a submerged environment, according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a side cross-sectional view of a rock shear testing apparatus for a submerged environment, according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0027] Figure 5 It is based on Figure 2 Enlarged view of section A.

[0028] Figure 6 This is a flowchart illustrating a method of using a rock shear testing apparatus for a submerged environment, according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0029] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures

[0030] 1-Base, 11-First guide rail, 12-Second channel, 2-Lower box, 21-Water inlet, 3-Upper box, 31-Water guiding grid, 32-Second guide rail, 4-Side plate, 41-Spot hole, 42-Fixing plate, 43-Telescopic plate, 44-Annular retaining ring, 45-Gasket, 451-Adhesive layer, 46-Limiting block, 5-Immersion assembly, 51-Main body, 52-Water storage chamber, 53-First channel, 54-Water spray hole, 6-Water guiding groove, 7-Rock sample. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The specific embodiments of this disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit this disclosure.

[0032] In this disclosure, unless otherwise stated, directional terms such as "upper," "lower," "top," and "bottom" generally refer to the upper and lower, top and bottom of the relevant components in actual use, as shown in the reference. Figure 4 The top and bottom of the drawing represent the upper and lower parts of the rock shear test apparatus, and the height of the drawing represents the height direction of the rock shear test apparatus. "Inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer parts of the relevant components relative to the actual contour. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., used in this disclosure are for distinguishing one element from another and do not indicate sequence or importance.

[0033] The first aspect of this disclosure provides a rock shear testing apparatus for use in a submerged environment, with reference to... Figures 1 to 5The rock shear testing apparatus includes a base 1, a lower box 2, an upper box 3, and a water immersion component 5. The base 1 is provided with a first guide rail 11 extending along a first direction. The lower box 2 is positioned above the first guide rail 11 and is used to move relative to the base 1 along the first direction. The lower box 2 can be configured as a concave structure with an upward opening. The upper box 3 can be configured as a concave structure opposite to the opening of the lower box 2. The upper box 3 can be snapped onto the upper box 2 to form a cavity extending along the first direction to accommodate the rock sample 7. The top wall of the upper box 3 can be at least partially configured as a water-guiding mesh 31. The water immersion component 5 is positioned above the upper box 3 and is used to inject water into the cavity through the water-guiding mesh 31. Furthermore, a second guide rail 32 extending along a second direction is provided above the top wall of the upper box 3. The upper box 3 can move relative to the water immersion component 5 along the second direction via the second guide rail 32, and the first and second directions are perpendicular to each other in a horizontal plane.

[0034] In the above embodiment, the base 1 serves as the supporting foundation of the entire device and is provided with a first guide rail 11 extending along a first direction. The lower box 2 is mounted on the first guide rail 11 and can move freely relative to the base 1 along the first direction. The upper box 3 is structurally compatible with the lower box 2 and is also designed as a concave structure, with its opening direction opposite to that of the lower box 2. When the upper box 3 is fastened above the lower box 2, the two can close together to form a cavity that runs through along the first direction. This cavity is the placement area for the rock sample 7, which can stably clamp and limit the rock sample 7, preventing the sample from shifting during the test. At the same time, the first guide rail 11 provides guidance for the movement of the lower box 2, making it easy to push and pull the test device with the rock sample 7 installed along the first direction to a preset position for shearing test, or to move the test device to a position where the rock sample 7 can be easily removed after the test, making the installation and disassembly of the rock sample 7 simple and convenient.

[0035] Meanwhile, the immersion component 5 is positioned above the upper box 3, and at least part of the top wall of the upper box 3 is configured as a water-guiding mesh 31. The immersion component 5 can inject water into the cavity through the water-guiding mesh 31, providing continuous and stable immersion conditions for the rock sample 7. The water-guiding mesh 31 adopts a mesh-like hollow structure, which can not only ensure the smooth passage of water, but also play a certain role in dispersing the water output from the immersion component 5, so that the water flow acts more evenly on the surface of the rock sample 7.

[0036] It should be noted that a second guide rail 32 extending along the second direction is also provided above the top wall of the upper box 3. The upper box 3 can move relative to the immersion component 5 along the second direction via the second guide rail 32. When the test device is in the preset test position, the test device is pressed and fixed in the height direction, and the top wall of the immersion component 5 is subjected to downward normal stress. At this time, shear forces in opposite directions can be applied to the side walls of the upper box 3 and the lower box 2 respectively to achieve transverse shearing of the rock sample 7. Since the shear force on the upper box 3 is in the same direction as the second direction, the upper box 3 can move relative to the immersion component 5 along the second direction via the second guide rail 32. This avoids the immersion component 5 from generating friction in the second direction when it moves with the upper box 3, thus reducing the output burden of the shear force, reducing power output, improving the efficiency of the shear test, and increasing the service life of the device.

[0037] Through the above technical solution, this rock shear testing device can simulate the changes in rock under shear force in a water immersion environment. When the rock sample 7 is placed in the cavity between the upper box 3 and the lower box 2, the device can be pushed to a preset position via the first guide rail 11, making movement convenient. When shear forces in opposite directions are applied to the sidewalls of the upper box 3 and the lower box 2 respectively, the upper box 3 can move relative to the water immersion component 5 via the second guide rail 32, reducing the resistance of horizontal friction and optimizing the power output of the shear force. At the same time, the water immersion component 5 continuously introduces uniformly distributed flowing water to the surface of the rock sample 7, meeting the conditions for simulating the water immersion environment, resulting in good sample wetting effect and accurate and easy-to-obtain test data.

[0038] Reference Figures 1 to 4 The water immersion component 5 may include a main body 51 disposed on the second guide rail 32 and a water storage cavity 52 disposed inside the main body 51. A first channel 53 may be opened on the side wall of the main body 51 to connect the water storage cavity 52 and the outside of the main body 51. A water spraying hole 54 may be opened at the bottom of the water storage cavity 52, which is opposite to the water guiding grid 31 in the height direction, to disperse the water in the water storage cavity 52 to the water guiding grid 31.

[0039] In the above embodiment, the main body 51 is mounted on the second guide rail 32 and its position can be adjusted synchronously with the movement of the upper box 3 to ensure that it always corresponds to the water-guiding grid 31 of the upper box 3. The water storage cavity 52 opened inside the main body 51 is used to temporarily store the water required for the test. The side wall of the main body 51 has a first channel 53. One end of the channel is connected to the water storage cavity 52, and the other end extends to the outside of the main body 51, which can be connected to an external water supply device to facilitate the replenishment of water into the water storage cavity 52. ​​The bottom of the water storage cavity 52 has multiple water spray holes 54. The position of the water spray holes 54 corresponds to the water-guiding grid 31 of the upper box 3, and the pore size and distribution density can be designed according to the area of ​​the water-guiding grid 31 so that the water in the water storage cavity 52 can be dispersed into a uniform water flow and sprayed onto the water-guiding grid 31. Then, the water is smoothly guided into the cavity containing the rock sample 7 through the water-guiding grid 31, avoiding uneven water immersion of the sample due to excessive or insufficient local water flow, which would affect the accuracy of the test results. It should be noted that a water pump may be installed in the water supply equipment to pump the water required for the test from the water supply equipment through the first channel 53 to the water storage chamber 52, so as to facilitate the adjustment of the water supply speed and flow rate to meet the test requirements for the immersion environment.

[0040] Reference Figure 4 The first channel 53 can be inclined in the height direction. The port of the first channel 53 communicating with the water storage chamber 52 can be located at a relatively low position, while the port of the first channel 53 communicating with the outside of the main body 51 can be located at a relatively high position. In this embodiment, the first channel 53 is inclined in the height direction, with its port communicating with the water storage chamber 52 located at a relatively low position, and its port communicating with the outside of the main body 51 located at a relatively high position. This inclined channel facilitates the smooth flow of external water supply into the water storage chamber 52, avoiding problems of poor water supply. It also effectively prevents water in the water storage chamber 52 from flowing back to the external water supply equipment through the first channel 53, ensuring the stability and reliability of the water supply process. Furthermore, it facilitates the cleaning of residual water in the water storage chamber 52 after the test.

[0041] Reference Figures 1 to 4 Both the inner wall of the upper box 3 and the inner wall of the lower box 2 can be provided with water guiding grooves 6. The water guiding grooves 6 can extend along the height direction, and the water guiding grooves 6 of the upper box 3 can communicate with the water guiding grooves 6 of the lower box 2. In this embodiment, the water guiding grooves 6 extend along the height direction, and when the upper box 3 and the lower box 2 are fastened together, the water guiding grooves 6 of the upper box 3 and the lower box 2 can be completely connected to form a through second channel 12. The extension direction of the water guiding grooves 6 is consistent with the height direction of the cavity, which can quickly collect the water flowing in the cavity and guide the water flow to the bottom area of ​​the lower box 2 through the vertically connected structure, providing a guarantee for subsequent water collection and drainage, ensuring that the water level in the cavity is kept within a preset range during the test, and achieving stable immersion environment control.

[0042] Reference Figures 1 to 4 The upper box 3 can have multiple water guide channels 6, which can be respectively arranged on two opposite inner sidewalls of the upper box 3. The number of water guide channels 6 in the lower box 2 can be the same as that in the upper box 3. In this embodiment, to improve drainage efficiency and uniformity, the water guide channels 6 are designed with a large number and symmetrical distribution. Specifically, the upper box 3 has multiple water guide channels 6, which are respectively arranged on two opposite inner sidewalls of the upper box 3. This symmetrical distribution allows water from different areas within the cavity to be collected quickly, avoiding local water accumulation. The number of water guide channels 6 in the lower box 2 is consistent with that in the upper box 3, and their positions correspond one-to-one. This ensures that when the upper box 3 and the lower box 2 are fastened together, the upper and lower water guide channels 6 can be precisely connected and communicated, preventing blockage of the second channel 12 due to positional deviation, further improving the reliability of the drainage system.

[0043] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 4 A water collection port 21, extending through the vertical direction, can be provided in the middle of the bottom wall of the lower box 2. This water collection port 21 can simultaneously communicate with each water guide channel 6 of the lower box 2, collecting the water flowing from the water guide channels 6 to the water collection port 21 for introduction into the base 1. In this embodiment, to achieve centralized treatment of the water discharged from the water guide channels 6, a water collection port 21 can be provided in the middle of the bottom wall of the lower box 2. The water collection port 21 is extended through the vertical direction to facilitate the flow of water into the base 1. The surface of the base 1 can be provided with multiple guide channels, which are simultaneously connected to each water guide channel 6 of the lower box 2, to centrally collect the water discharged from all the water guide channels 6 to the water collection port 21, and then introduce it into the base 1 through the water collection port 21. The water inlet 21 is located in the middle of the bottom wall of the lower box 2, which can maximize the coverage of the drainage range of all water guide channels 6, and can also use gravity to make the water flow naturally collect without the need for additional power, simplifying the device structure, and also avoiding water residue at the bottom of the lower box 2.

[0044] Reference Figures 1 to 4The base 1 can be configured as an upward-opening trough-shaped structure to receive the water flowing out from the water inlet 21. A second channel 12 can be provided on the side wall of the base 1 for communication with a water storage device. In this embodiment, the base 1 is configured as a trough-shaped structure, forming an internal space capable of completely receiving the water flowing out from the water inlet 21, preventing direct discharge of water onto the test bench and causing pollution. To achieve water recycling or centralized treatment, a second channel 12 is provided on the side wall of the base 1, which communicates with an external water storage device to form a complete water circulation system. During the test, the water received by the base 1 can flow into the water storage device through the second channel 12. After filtration and other treatments, it can be recycled back into the water storage chamber 52 of the immersion component 5, saving water resources and making the test environment cleaner and more orderly.

[0045] Reference Figures 1 to 5 The rock shear test apparatus may further include side plates 4, which can be disposed on both sides of the opening of the cavity. One side of the side plate 4 can be hinged to the bottom wall of the lower housing 2, and the side plate 4 can rotate relative to the bottom wall of the lower housing 2 to close the opening of the cavity in a first direction. In this embodiment, the side plate 4 is disposed on both sides of the opening of the cavity, that is, at both ends of the opening along the first direction, and one side of it is hinged to the bottom wall of the lower housing 2. This connection method allows the side plate 4 to rotate freely relative to the bottom wall of the lower housing 2. The test detection equipment or observation marks can be set on the side plate 4 to obtain the data changes of the rock sample 7 in the shear test. It should be noted that the above-mentioned detection equipment or observation marks can be referred to in the detailed description below.

[0046] Reference Figures 1 to 5 The side plate 4 may be provided with multiple speckle holes 41, which can be arranged in a lattice on the surface of the side plate 4. In this embodiment, to facilitate the observation of the deformation of the rock sample 7 during the test, multiple speckle holes 41 are provided on the side plate 4. These speckle holes 41 are distributed on the surface of the side plate 4 in a lattice arrangement, and the density of the lattice arrangement can be adjusted according to the observation accuracy requirements. Before the test, speckle marks can be sprayed onto the surface of the rock sample 7 through the speckle holes 41. During the test, the observation equipment can collect the changes of the speckle marks in real time, and then analyze the deformation data of the rock sample 7 to increase the reliability and accuracy of the data. This disclosure does not specifically limit the type of observation equipment; high-speed cameras or other sensors can be used, which will not be elaborated here.

[0047] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2The side plate 4 may include a fixed plate 42 and a telescopic plate 43. One side of the fixed plate 42 can be hinged to the bottom wall, and the opposite side can be movably connected to the telescopic plate 43 to change the area of ​​the side plate 4. In this embodiment, one side of the fixed plate 42 is hinged to the bottom wall of the lower housing 2 to ensure that the side plate 4 can rotate as a whole. The opposite side of the fixed plate 42 is movably connected to the telescopic plate 43, for example, by a sliding rail and slider structure or a nested structure. By adjusting the extension length of the telescopic plate 43 relative to the fixed plate 42, the overall area of ​​the side plate 4 can be changed, so that the side plate 4 can adapt to rock samples 7 of different sizes, achieve effective closure of cavity openings of different specifications, and improve the versatility and adaptability of the device.

[0048] Reference Figures 1 to 5 The side plate 4 may further include an annular retaining ring 44, a gasket 45, and a limiting block 46. The annular retaining ring 44 may be disposed on the side of the side plate 4 facing the cavity. The gasket 45 may be disposed within the annular retaining ring 44 and detachably connected to it. A limiting block 46 may be provided along the edge of the annular retaining ring 44 to position the gasket 45. Three limiting blocks 46 may be provided, evenly spaced along the edge of the annular retaining ring 44, to improve the limiting protection of the positioning gasket 45. Simultaneously, an adhesive layer 451 may be provided on the surface of the gasket 45 to bond the gasket 45 to the side wall of the rock sample 7 when the cavity of the side plate 4 is closed.

[0049] In the above embodiments, to facilitate the installation of detection components such as acoustic emission probes, the side plate 4 is also provided with an annular retaining ring 44, a gasket 45, and a limiting block 46 (corresponding to claim 11). The annular retaining ring 44 is fixedly disposed on the side of the side plate 4 facing the cavity, and its inner diameter is adapted to the outer diameter of the gasket 45, for accommodating and installing the gasket 45. The limiting block 46 is disposed on the edge of the annular retaining ring 44, which can position the installation position of the gasket 45, ensuring that the gasket 45 is accurately installed in the preset position and avoiding displacement during use. An adhesive layer 451 is provided on the surface of the gasket 45. When the side plate 4 closes the cavity, the adhesive layer 451 can be tightly bonded to the side wall of the rock sample 7, so that the gasket 45 and the rock sample 7 form a stable connection. After rotating the side plate 4 to open the cavity, the acoustic emission probe can be magnetically attracted to the surface of the gasket 45, improving the coupling effect with the rock sample 7, ensuring accurate transmission of detection signals, facilitating replacement and maintenance, and reducing test costs.

[0050] A second aspect of this disclosure provides a method for using a rock shear testing apparatus, comprising the following steps:

[0051] Step S100: Place the rock sample 7 in the cavity formed by the lower box 2 and the upper box 3, rotate the side plate 4 to close the cavity and attach the gasket 45 to the rock sample 7.

[0052] Step S200: Spray speckle markings onto the rock sample 7 through speckle holes 41 in the side plate 4.

[0053] Step S300: Rotate the side plate 4 to open the cavity and magnetically connect the acoustic emission probe to the gasket 45 on the side wall of the rock sample 7.

[0054] In step S400, the rock shear test device is moved to a preset position along the first direction, and water is introduced into the water storage chamber 52 through the first channel 53. The flow rate of the water is controlled so that it is diverted to the surface of the rock sample 7 through the water spray hole 54 and the water guiding grid 31 in sequence.

[0055] In step S500, shear stresses in opposite directions are applied to the sidewalls of the upper box 3 and the lower box 2 along the second direction to shear the rock sample 7, the changes in the speckle markings are recorded, and the deformation parameters of the rock sample 7 are obtained through an acoustic emission probe.

[0056] In step S600, water is introduced into the base 1 through the water inlet 21 and collected through the second channel 12.

[0057] Based on the above steps, this application provides the following detailed description of the method of using the test apparatus:

[0058] First, the prepared rock sample 7 is placed in the cavity formed by the lower box 2 and the upper box 3. The position of the sample is adjusted so that it is in the center of the cavity to ensure uniform force. Then, the side plates 4 on both sides of the lower box 2 are rotated so that the side plates 4 fit against the open end face of the cavity, closing the cavity in the first direction. The side plates 4 form an axial limit for the rock sample 7, and the gasket 45 can be adhered to the side wall surface of the rock sample 7. Next, speckle markings are evenly sprayed onto the surface of the rock sample 7 through the speckle holes 41 on the side plates 4. During the spraying process, the distance between the nozzle and the sample surface is kept stable to ensure the clarity and uniformity of the speckle markings, preparing for subsequent deformation observation. Then, the side plates 4 are rotated to open the cavity, and the acoustic emission probe is connected to the gasket 45 on the side wall of the rock sample 7 by magnetic attraction. The magnetic connection facilitates quick installation and disassembly and ensures a tight fit between the probe and the gasket 45.

[0059] Next, the lower box 2 is pushed along the first direction, causing it to move the entire sample assembly to the preset test position, which corresponds to the shear force application mechanism and observation equipment. Then, water is introduced into the water storage chamber 52 through the first channel 53 of the immersion assembly 5. The flow rate of the water is adjusted according to the test requirements. After the water is dispersed through the water spraying holes 54 at the bottom of the water storage chamber 52, it is evenly distributed to the surface of the rock sample 7 through the water guiding grid 31 of the upper box 3, so that the sample is in the preset immersion environment.

[0060] Then, the shear force application mechanism is activated, and shear stresses in opposite directions are applied to the side walls of the upper box 3 and the lower box 2 along the second direction. The shear stress is transmitted to the rock sample 7 through the box, causing the sample to undergo shear deformation. During this process, the changes in speckle markings are recorded in real time by the observation equipment, and the deformation parameters and acoustic emission signals of the rock sample 7 are continuously acquired by the acoustic emission probe to ensure the integrity and real-time nature of the data.

[0061] Finally, the water in the cavity flows into the water guide channel 6 on the inner side wall of the upper box 3 and the lower box 2 under the action of gravity. It is collected in the water guide channel 6 and then collected in the water inlet 21 on the bottom wall of the lower box 2. The water is then guided into the trough structure of the base 1 through the water inlet 21. The water in the base 1 flows into the water storage device through the second channel 12 on the side wall, realizing the recycling or centralized treatment of the water. After the test, the water supply system and the shear force application mechanism are turned off to complete the entire test process.

[0062] The preferred embodiments of this disclosure have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this disclosure is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments. Within the scope of the technical concept of this disclosure, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of this disclosure, and these simple modifications all fall within the protection scope of this disclosure.

[0063] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, this disclosure will not describe the various possible combinations separately.

[0064] Furthermore, various different embodiments of this disclosure can be combined in any way, as long as they do not violate the spirit of this disclosure, they should also be regarded as the content disclosed in this disclosure.

Claims

1. A rock shear test apparatus for use in a submerged environment, characterised in that, The rock shear test device comprises: a base provided with a first guide rail extending in a first direction; a lower box body arranged on the first guide rail and configured to move relative to the base along the first direction, the lower box body being arranged as a concave structure with an upward opening; an upper box body arranged as a concave structure opposite to the opening of the lower box body, the upper box body being arranged above the lower box body and configured to form a cavity along the first direction together with the lower box body to accommodate a rock sample, and a top wall of the upper box body being at least partially arranged as a water guide grid; a water immersion assembly arranged above the upper box body and configured to inject flowing water into the cavity through the water guide grid, wherein a second guide rail extending in a second direction is arranged above the top wall of the upper box body, the upper box body being configured to move relative to the water immersion assembly along the second direction through the second guide rail, and wherein the first direction and the second direction are arranged perpendicular to each other in a horizontal plane. The water immersion assembly comprises a main body arranged on the second guide rail and a water storage cavity arranged inside the main body, a side wall of the main body being provided with a first channel for connecting the water storage cavity and the outside of the main body, and a bottom of the water storage cavity being provided with a water spraying hole opposite to the water guide grid for dispersing the flowing water in the water storage cavity to the water guide grid.

2. The rock shear test apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The first channel is arranged inclined in a height direction, and a port of the first channel connected to the water storage cavity is arranged at a relatively low position, and a port of the first channel connected to the outside of the main body is arranged at a relatively high position.

3. The rock shear test apparatus of claim 2, wherein, An inner side wall of the upper box body and an inner side wall of the lower box body are both provided with a water guide groove, the water guide groove extending in the height direction, and the water guide groove of the upper box body being connected to the water guide groove of the lower box body.

4. The rock shear test apparatus of claim 1, wherein The number of the water guide grooves of the upper box body is multiple, and the multiple water guide grooves are arranged on the opposite two inner side walls of the upper box body, and the number of the water guide grooves of the lower box body is configured to be the same as the number of the water guide grooves of the upper box body.

5. The rock shear test apparatus of claim 4, wherein, A middle part of a bottom wall of the lower box body is provided with a water collecting port penetrating in the height direction, and the water collecting port is connected to each of the water guide grooves of the lower box body at the same time for collecting the flowing water in the water guide grooves to the water collecting port to be introduced into the base.

6. The rock shear test apparatus of claim 5, wherein, The base is arranged as a groove structure with an upward opening for receiving the flowing water discharged from the water collecting port, and a side wall of the base is provided with a second channel connected to a water storage device.

7. The rock shear test apparatus of claim 6, wherein, The rock shear test device further comprises a side plate arranged on both sides of the opening of the cavity, one side of the side plate being hinged to the bottom wall of the lower box body, and the side plate being configured to rotate relative to the bottom wall of the lower box body to close the opening of the cavity in the first direction.

8. The rock shear test apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The side plate is provided with multiple speckle holes, and the multiple speckle holes are arranged in a dot matrix on the surface of the side plate.

9. The rock shear test apparatus of claim 8, wherein, The side plate comprises a fixed plate and a telescopic plate, one side of the fixed plate being hinged to the bottom wall, and the opposite side being movably connected to the telescopic plate for changing the area of the side plate.

10. The rock shear test apparatus of claim 8, wherein, The side plate further comprises:

11. The rock shear test apparatus of claim 8, wherein, an annular clasp arranged on one side of the side plate facing the cavity. ​ A gasket is arranged in the annular collar, and the gasket is detachably connected with the annular collar; and A limiting block is arranged at the edge of the annular collar, and is used for positioning the gasket, Wherein, the surface of the gasket is provided with an adhesive layer, which is used for bonding the gasket with the sidewall of the rock sample when the side plate closes the cavity.

12. A method of using a rock shear test apparatus for use in a rock shear test apparatus for a submerged environment as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 11, characterised by, Comprise: Placing the rock sample in the cavity formed by the lower box body and the upper box body, rotating the side plate to close the cavity and bond the gasket to the rock sample; Spraying speckle marks on the rock sample from the speckle hole of the side plate; Rotating the side plate to open the cavity, and magnetically connecting the acoustic emission probe with the gasket on the sidewall of the rock sample; Moving the rock shear test device to a preset position along a first direction, introducing flowing water into the water storage cavity through a first channel, controlling the flow rate of the flowing water to be shunted to the surface of the rock sample through the water spraying hole and the water guide grid in sequence; Applying shear stress in opposite directions to the sidewalls of the upper box body and the lower box body respectively to shear the rock sample along a second direction, recording the change of the speckle marks, and obtaining the deformation parameters of the rock sample through the acoustic emission probe; And Introducing the flowing water into the base through the water collecting port, and collecting the flowing water through a second channel.

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