Plant rapid breeding system and method based on optical detection

Abstract

The invention relates to a plant rapid breeding system and method based on optical detection. The system comprises an optical monitoring unit and a processing unit, and the optical monitoring unit is at least provided with a first monitoring part used for acquiring optical information of a first morphological characteristic of a plant and a second monitoring part used for acquiring optical information of a second morphological characteristic of the plant. The first monitoring part is started at least in response to a processing result obtained by the processing unit based on the monitoring data of the second monitoring part, and the processing result at least represents that the growth node of any cultivated plant enters a harvesting period. The method at least comprises the following steps: carrying out optical information acquisition on part of morphological characteristics of a plant by utilizing one or one group of monitoring parts; optical information collection is carried out on the other part of morphological characteristics of the plant through the other monitoring part or the other group of monitoring parts, and the other part of morphological characteristics at least comprise the harvesting tissue of the plant, so that the harvesting time and the harvesting scheme of the harvesting tissue of the plant are estimated and determined.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of plant rapid propagation, and particularly relates to a plant rapid propagation system and method based on optical detection. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the development of science and technology, agricultural production is rapidly changing the traditional farming mode. Modern industrial technology has gradually penetrated into agricultural production, and agricultural technology is gradually developing towards knowledge and information. Especially with the improvement of industrialization level, modern facility agriculture has emerged, rapidly rising in the world, and gradually forming a capital and technology-intensive high-tech industry, becoming one of the most dynamic industries in the world today.

[0003] Modern facility agriculture can usually at least use optical detection to capture the growth state of plants, for example: CN108346142A discloses a plant growth state recognition method based on plant illumination images, comprising: extracting the depth information of the collected plant long-time continuous change images and the illumination information of the plant, combining the soil characteristic information, obtaining the plant coordinate and standardizing the plant coordinate data of the plant, constructing a conditional random field model based on the plant organ cluster, training with training samples to obtain a plant organ change state training recognition model, and finally diagnosing and detecting the plant growth state change trend according to the sample characteristics of the target plant to be recognized by using the recognition model.

[0004] CN101865846A discloses a plant chlorophyll fluorescence online detection device, which comprises a first rectangular light source, a second rectangular light source, a line light source, a CCD camera, a filter and a conveying belt. The first rectangular light source and the second rectangular light source project rectangular illumination spots, respectively as modulated measuring light and non-modulated actinic light, and the line light source projects a long strip-shaped illumination spot as saturated pulse light. The saturated pulse light is scanned in the rectangular light spot. The CCD camera records the fluorescence change image in the rectangular light spot through the filter. The whole measuring device is moved above the plants to measure the distribution of plant chlorophyll fluorescence in a large area.

[0005] The prior art has some methods for judging the growth state of crops and other plants based on computer vision technology, but they are all technologies for monitoring the second morphological characteristics of plants to obtain the growth state, wherein the first morphological characteristics of plants can refer to morphological characteristics that usually grow underground or in a culture medium or in a hydroponic environment, such as roots, underground stems, etc.; the second morphological characteristics of plants can refer to morphological characteristics that usually grow above ground or outside the culture medium or outside the hydroponic environment, such as aboveground stems, leaves, etc. Monitoring only the second morphological characteristics can indeed determine the growth stage and growth nodes of plants, but it is difficult to determine the growth state of the first morphological characteristics, especially for plants whose harvested tissues belong to the first morphological characteristics. More attention is paid to the growth state of the first morphological characteristics and the harvested tissues. It is inaccurate to continue to infer the growth state of the first morphological characteristics by the second morphological characteristics after entering the harvesting period, which can cause premature or late harvesting of the harvested tissues and thus cause waste due to substandard quality. Usually, the first morphological characteristics are not directly monitored for a long time because they obtain invalid data for a long period of time during plant growth, which causes redundant data and increases the computational load. Therefore, the prior art cannot achieve the purpose of switching to the optimal monitoring scheme based on different growth nodes of plants to achieve accurate monitoring of the growth state of plants, accurate prediction of the harvesting time of harvested tissues, and reasonable formulation of the harvesting scheme of harvested tissues.

[0006] Moreover, the current cultivation equipment and corresponding detection system only consider being applied to the conventional plant planting link to obtain the maximum economic benefit at the moment with the relatively minimum production and operation cost, but for the research of accelerating breeding, the economic value of the planted object itself should not be considered, and more importantly, the fastest maturation limit of various plants should be explored, and the value brought by shortening the breeding cycle far exceeds the economic value of the planted object itself.

[0007] In addition, on the one hand, there are differences in the understanding of those skilled in the art; on the other hand, a large number of literatures and patents have been studied by the applicant when making the present application, but all the details and contents have not been listed in detail due to the limited space, which does not mean that the present application does not have these characteristics of the prior art. On the contrary, the present application already has all the characteristics of the prior art, and the applicant reserves the right to add related prior art in the background art. SUMMARY

[0008] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present application provides a plant rapid breeding system and method based on optical detection to solve at least part of the above technical problems. The technical solution of the present application is particularly suitable for breeding equipment, because breeding can be carried out regardless of the economic value of the planted object, and more importantly, the limit of the fastest maturation of various plants is explored, and the value brought by the shortening of the breeding cycle far exceeds the economic value of the planted object itself. In particular, the present application researches on switching different monitoring schemes for breeding plants at corresponding growth nodes to realize accurate monitoring of plant growth state, accurate prediction of harvesting time of harvested tissues, and harvesting scheme of harvested tissues, which is an attempt to pursue higher, faster and stronger breeding technology and can provide technical support for subsequent deep space space breeding. For example, potatoes are one of the conventional crop varieties selected in deep space space breeding, and the plant rapid breeding system and method of the present application can better realize the cultivation and harvesting of potatoes and avoid wasting high-cost aerospace resources.

[0009] The present application discloses a plant rapid breeding system based on optical detection, comprising: an optical monitoring unit for acquiring optical information of first and second morphological characteristics of plants; a processing unit for analyzing and processing the optical information acquired by the optical monitoring unit to obtain the growth state of the plants.

[0010] Preferably, the optical monitoring unit is at least provided with a first monitoring part for acquiring optical information of the first morphological characteristics of the plants and a second monitoring part for acquiring optical information of the second morphological characteristics of the plants, and the first monitoring part is at least activated in response to a processing result obtained by the processing unit based on the monitoring data of the second monitoring part, wherein the processing result at least represents that the growth node of any plant being cultivated enters the harvesting period.

[0011] Such an arrangement can enable the first monitoring part to be activated only when the second monitoring part collects any plant entering the harvesting period, and to conduct targeted monitoring for the part of the plants that have entered the harvesting period, rather than global monitoring, thereby avoiding the increase in computational load caused by redundant monitoring data, and in particular, the data acquired by the first monitoring part for the plants that have not entered the harvesting period can cause invalid occupation of the computational capacity of the processing unit. Through the above technical solution, the harvesting site of any plant entering the harvesting period can be timely monitored, the growth state of the first morphological characteristics of the corresponding plant can be acquired, the best adjustment opportunity of the cultivation environment and the best harvesting opportunity of the harvesting site can be avoided, and the reasonable formulation of the harvesting scheme can be realized.

[0012] According to a preferred embodiment, the processing unit is capable of determining the growth node of the cultivated plant based on the monitoring data of the second monitoring unit, and the first monitoring unit is enabled to acquire optical information with time label and / or position label from the harvested tissue of the plant when the plant is determined to enter the specified growth node, wherein the harvested tissue of the plant belongs to the first morphological feature.

[0013] The specified growth node can be set as a harvesting period, which is the period from the beginning of the development of the harvested tissue of the plant to the harvesting of the harvested tissue of the plant when the harvesting standard is reached. Moreover, the present application can be particularly suitable for plants whose harvested tissue belongs to the first morphological feature, so as to accurately determine the growth node of each plant entering the harvesting period, and to start the first monitoring unit for detecting the first morphological feature, so that the first monitoring unit can be used for targeted monitoring of the part of the plants that have entered the harvesting period.

[0014] According to a preferred embodiment, the processing unit is capable of periodically and / or in response to the result of analyzing the monitoring data of the second monitoring unit and obtaining the abnormal growth parameter related to the second morphological feature of the plant, to start the calibration detection program, wherein the calibration detection program is capable of at least improving the collection accuracy and / or increasing the monitoring parameters compared with the normal monitoring process of the second monitoring unit.

[0015] The calibration detection program can be automatically completed and / or manually completed by the staff. The automatically completed calibration detection program can obtain data information with higher collection accuracy than the second monitoring unit to achieve calibration, and the staff can enter the calibration information into the processing unit after manually completing the related calibration experiment to achieve calibration. The calibration detection program can be used for high-precision collection of the chlorophyll state of the leaf, and the collection of the carotenoid can be simultaneously completed to achieve multi-element calibration when the chlorophyll state of the leaf is collected, and the collection of the carotenoid can be preferably completed by manual experiment.

[0016] According to a preferred embodiment, the processing unit is capable of adjusting the cultivation environment of the plant based on the monitoring data obtained by the second monitoring unit and / or the calibration data obtained by the calibration detection program, wherein the wavelength and / or the proportion of the light source of the light source unit can be adjusted according to the chlorophyll state and / or the carotenoid state of the cultivated plant at the current growth node.

[0017] The adjustment process can be realized by the processing unit generating corresponding control signals to the light source unit, and the light source unit can adjust the light parameters in response to the received control signals, so that the cultivated plant can grow and develop under the light conditions meeting the growth requirements.

[0018] According to a preferred embodiment, the processing unit is capable of obtaining the external contour of the whole or part of the first morphological feature of the plant by the optical information obtained by the first monitoring unit, and extracting the information of the harvested tissue and / or the suspected harvested tissue from the external contour according to the preset model, wherein the harvested tissue at least has a distinguishing feature compared with other tissues in the external contour that can be captured by the processing unit.

[0019] The optical information obtained by the first monitoring unit for characterizing the growth parameters of the first morphological feature of the plant is at least capable of being sent to the processing unit in the form of image information, and the processing unit is capable of identifying the growth of the harvested tissue in the first morphological feature of the plant by extracting and identifying the received image information, so as to estimate and determine the harvesting time and harvesting scheme of each plant in the cultivation box where the first monitoring unit is located.

[0020] According to a preferred embodiment, the processing unit is capable of performing secondary identification on the suspected harvested tissue when identifying the harvested tissue, wherein the suspected harvested tissue is a morphological feature tissue that is found by the processing unit when analyzing the extracted optical information provided by the first monitoring unit and is not completely matched with the preset model and is given a suspected label.

[0021] This arrangement is to identify the formation reason of the suspected harvested tissue, which may be formed based on various factors, wherein the first factor may be the irregular growth of the harvested tissue due to the influence of the growth environment, and thus cannot be completely matched with the preset model when obtaining the image information; the second factor may be the image superposition of multiple harvested tissues due to the influence of the image collection position and / or angle of the first monitoring unit, and thus cannot be completely matched with the preset model when obtaining the image information.

[0022] According to a preferred embodiment, the processing unit is capable of analyzing the formation reason of the optical information of the suspected harvested tissue when performing secondary identification or before performing secondary identification, wherein the formation reason is judged based on the deduction process of one or more harvested tissues by dynamically demonstrating the optical information of the same position label in time sequence according to the time label.

[0023] The processing unit is capable of preferentially analyzing the formation reason of the image information of the suspected harvested tissue, wherein the formation reason is judged based on the deduction process by dynamically demonstrating the image information of the same position label in time sequence according to the time label, and judging whether the suspected harvested tissue can be obtained through reasonable deduction of the harvested tissue. Based on the judgment of the formation reason of the suspected harvested tissue, the accuracy of the circumscription of the external contour is improved.

[0024] According to a preferred embodiment, the processing unit can number all the harvested tissues of any plant, and different numbered harvested tissues can be given labels related to the harvesting standards, wherein the suspected harvested tissues given suspected labels due to the image superposition of multiple harvested tissues can be determined by the processing unit to determine the number and order of superposition of the harvested tissues in the optical information by boundary division to sequentially circumscribe the external contours of each harvested tissue, and number based on the circumscribed external contours.

[0025] Such an arrangement can enable the harvested tissues meeting the harvesting standards to be given qualified labels, indicating that the harvested tissues can be harvested at least at the next harvesting node, i.e. the qualified labels can be associated with the number corresponding to the harvested tissues meeting the harvesting standards. The post-positioned harvested tissues in the multiple harvested tissues with superposition order can be determined whether they meet the harvesting standards based on their circumscribed contours.

[0026] According to a preferred embodiment, the processing unit can generate harvesting instructions when the harvesting interval time is reached and / or the preset number of qualified labels is reached, wherein the harvesting interval time and the preset number of qualified labels can be determined according to the historical growth data of the plants of the species or the plants of the species close relatives.

[0027] The harvesting work is at least targeted harvesting based on the number corresponding to the qualified labels, wherein the targeted harvesting means that the harvested tissues meeting the harvesting standards can be determined based on the number corresponding to the qualified labels, which not only avoids the problem of inaccurate manual visual inspection, but also avoids the problem of waste of productivity caused by relying only on the setting of the harvesting interval time, i.e. the waste of productivity refers to that if the harvesting is started when the harvesting interval time is reached, but after the whole process of harvesting inspection, it is found that only a very small number of harvested tissues meet the requirements, the input-output ratio is low, and the input of labor and material costs is greatly wasted.

[0028] The present application also discloses a rapid plant breeding method based on optical detection, which can include the following steps: Optical information of part of the morphological characteristics of the plant is collected by one or a group of monitoring units to determine the growth node and growth state of the plant; When the growth node of any plant to be bred enters the harvesting period, optical information of relatively another part of the morphological characteristics of the plant is collected by another one or another group of monitoring units, wherein the other part of the morphological characteristics at least includes the harvested tissues of the plant, to estimate and determine the harvesting time and harvesting scheme of the harvested tissues of the plant.

[0029] The first monitoring part can be started only when the second monitoring part collects any plant entering the harvest period, and the first monitoring part can monitor the plants entering the harvest period, instead of global monitoring, so as to avoid the heavy calculation load caused by redundant monitoring data, and the data obtained by the first monitoring part for the plants not entering the harvest period can cause invalid occupation of the calculation capacity of the processing unit. Through the above technical solution, the harvesting part of any plant entering the harvest period can be monitored in time, the growth state of the first morphological feature of the corresponding plant is obtained, the best adjustment time of the cultivation environment and the best harvesting time of the harvesting part are avoided, and the reasonable formulation of the harvesting scheme is realized. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 is a hardware connection diagram of the plant rapid breeding system provided by the present application; Figure 2 is an exploded view of the structure of the cultivation box provided by the present application; Figure 3 is a partial structure schematic diagram of the internal display planting plate of the cultivation box provided by the present application; Figure 4 is a partial structure schematic diagram of the internal hidden planting plate of the cultivation box provided by the present application; Figure 5 is a top side structure schematic diagram of the internal cultivation box provided by the present application; Figure 6 is a data transmission and processing schematic diagram of the plant rapid breeding system provided by the present application; Figure 7 is a structure schematic diagram of the second monitoring part and its related accessories provided by the present application; Figure 8 is a structure schematic diagram of the first monitoring part and its related accessories provided by the present application.

[0031] LIST OF REFERENCE NUMERALS 100: optical monitoring unit; 110: first monitoring part; 111: protection component; 120: second monitoring part; 121: CCD camera; 130: transmission mechanism; 200: processing unit; 300: cultivation unit; 310: cultivation box; 311: planting plate; 312: main side; 313: side; 314: planting hole; 315: planting basket; 316: side wall; 317: lifting mechanism; 318: clamp; 320: light source part; 330: atomizing nozzle; 400: mist culture area; N: first direction. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

[0033] Example 1 Now whether it is cultivated vegetables, food or fruit trees, it is advocated to carry out virus-free cultivation. Because many crops will be infected with viral diseases, for example, potato, sweet potato, strawberry, grape, Chinese cabbage, rice, pepper, tobacco, tomato and other common crops are prone to viral diseases. When the crops are infected with viral diseases, they will appear symptoms such as discoloration, deformity, necrosis, etc. For example, potato or other crops with similar characteristics or close to potato species use tubers for asexual reproduction. The tubers, as the "seeds" of the next generation, are infected with viruses and cannot remove the viruses in their bodies. Under the continuous invasion and accumulation of viruses, the plant virus will increase year by year, causing the variety to degenerate, the yield to decrease, and the quality to deteriorate. Among them, the phenomenon that the plant becomes smaller year by year, the leaf curling and curling, the leaf color is uneven, the stem is short and weak, the tuber is deformed and cracked, and the yield is decreased year by year, indicates that the potato has been infected with viruses and degenerated. At present, the most harmful potato viruses known are X virus, Y virus, A virus, etc. They mainly infect solanaceous plants and can be transmitted by aphids and juice rubbing. Therefore, some crops can remove the viruses in their bodies after a series of virus-free measures to improve yield and quality. For example, the stem tip meristem cells of potato seedlings divide rapidly, and the growth rate of the growth point is much faster than the proliferation rate of the virus. This time difference in growth forms a virus-free zone in the stem tip. Virus-free seedlings can be obtained by culturing the stem tip meristem, and virus-free seed potatoes can be obtained by rapid propagation of virus-free seedlings, so as to restore the physiological function and production characteristics of the potato variety itself, and prevent the degeneration of the potato, so as to achieve the traits and yield of the variety at the beginning of breeding and cultivation.

[0034] Preferably, the process of rapidly propagating virus-free seedlings to obtain virus-free seed potatoes is usually carried out in a greenhouse to precisely adjust various control parameters of the cultivation process, which can at least include environmental parameters such as light, temperature, humidity, oxygen / carbon dioxide concentration, nutrient solution related parameters, etc. Further, the above-mentioned control parameters are at least adjusted based on the overall growth state of the plant to improve the plant growth efficiency and quality, and then the harvesting time and / or harvesting scheme are determined by judging the growth state of the harvested tissue of the plant. Illustratively, for the cultivation of potato virus-free seedlings, the harvested tissue is virus-free seed potatoes. Because the seed potato is small in size and usually weighs about 1-10 grams, it is also commonly referred to as micro-potato. The production of micro-potato is not limited by season, and it is convenient to store and transport, which can effectively improve the speed of virus-free seed potato propagation and achieve the purpose of shortening the propagation cycle.

[0035] According to a preferred embodiment, as Figure 1As shown, the present application discloses a kind of plant rapid propagation system based on optical detection, also can be a kind of plant growth monitoring system, it includes optical monitoring unit 100 and processing unit 200, the optical monitoring unit 100 can gather the growth state of the harvested tissue of plant, wherein, the processing unit 200 can be based on the historical growth data of this kind or the state data of at least three different growth periods of plant of this kind close relative, the harvest time of plant is predicted.Further, for potato seed potato cultivation, its growth node at least includes seedling period, growth period and harvest period.Preferably, the plant rapid propagation system of the present application is especially suitable for potato or the crop with similar traits or close relative of potato, and the plant involved in the embodiment will preferably be potato.

[0036] Preferably, as Figure 1 As shown, the plant for which plant rapid propagation is performed can be cultivated in cultivation unit 300, so that the optical information of cultivated plant obtained by optical monitoring unit 100 from a preset angle can be sent to processing unit 200, wherein the cultivation unit 300 can be integrated in the plant rapid propagation system or independently arranged.

[0037] Preferably, the cultivation device integrated in the plant rapid propagation system can be provided with one or more cultivation boxes 310, and a plurality of cultivation boxes 310 can be arranged side by side. Figures 2-5 As shown, the planting plate 311 arranged on the cultivation box 310 is provided with planting holes 314, and a planting basket 315 for preventing the plant from passing through the planting hole 314 completely can be arranged at the planting hole 314 of the planting plate 311, and the gap of the planting basket 315 is arranged in a manner that ensures that the first morphological feature of the plant can pass through but the second morphological feature of the plant cannot pass through. Further, the first morphological feature of the plant can refer to morphological features that usually grow underground or in culture medium or in a hydroponic environment, such as roots, underground stems, etc., and the second morphological feature of the plant can refer to morphological features that usually grow above ground or outside the culture medium or outside the hydroponic environment, such as aboveground stems, leaves, etc. For example, for potato seed potato, the first morphological features can include roots, stolons, tubers, etc., and the second morphological features can include aboveground stems, leaves, etc., wherein the tuber in the first morphological features of potato is the harvested tissue.

[0038] Preferably, as Figure 2As shown, the planting plate 311 configured in the incubator 310 can generally have a main side 312 and a side 313 with different lengths, wherein the side with relatively longer length can be set as the main side 312, and the side with relatively shorter length can be set as the side 313. Further, the planting holes 314 opened on the planting plate 311 can be assigned with corresponding opening coordinates based on their relative positions on the main side 312 and the side 313, wherein the planting holes 314 on the planting plate 311 can be opened in a manner that at least any two adjacent planting holes 314 between two fixed holes have a center-to-center distance substantially equal to a preset distance determined according to the plant variety, so as to avoid the situation that the first morphological characteristics of the adjacent plants are intertwined with each other due to the too close distance, and also to facilitate the optical information collection of the optical monitoring unit 100.

[0039] Preferably, the underground tissues of the plants passing through the planting basket 315 can enter the substantially sealed mist culture area 400 of the incubator 310, and the nutrient solution can be dispersed in the mist culture area 400 in a manner with adjustable atomization parameters through the atomizing nozzle 330 and at least absorbed by the roots of the plants when the roots contact the nutrient solution, wherein the atomization parameters can at least include an atomized particle spray angle, an atomized particle spray speed, an atomized particle size, an atomization working time, an atomization interval time, etc.

[0040] Preferably, the planting plate 311 of the incubator 310 can at least move along a first direction N or the opposite direction thereof, wherein the first direction N in the present application can be a vertically upward direction. Further, when the planting plate 311 of the incubator 310 moves along the first direction N or the opposite direction thereof, the first morphological characteristics of the plants can enter or exit the mist culture area 400, wherein at least when the harvested tissues of the plants belong to the first morphological characteristics, the planting plate 311 can be driven to move along the first direction N, so that the first morphological characteristics of the plants “disengaged” from the mist culture area 400 can display their harvested tissues, thereby facilitating the collection of the harvested tissues. Preferably, a plurality of lifting mechanisms 317 connected with the planting plate 311 can be arranged on the side wall 316 of the incubator 310, wherein the lifting mechanisms 317 can drive the clamps 318 to move along the first direction N or the opposite direction thereof, so as to drive the planting plate 311 clamped on the clamps 318 to move synchronously, as shown. Figure 4

[0041] Preferably, as shown in Figure 5 ​As shown, the light source part 320 is arranged on at least part of the area of the planting plate 311 of the incubator 310 along the first direction N, wherein the light source part 320 is capable of providing light source required for the growth of the plants grown on the planting plate 311 in the form of at least a plurality of LED light source combinations. Preferably, the light source part 320 is at least capable of being arranged with a blue light source (440~460nm), a red light source (650~670nm) and / or a far-red light source (720~740nm), wherein when the light source part 320 activates the above three light sources in a certain ratio, the chlorophyll and carotenoid of the plants grown will be improved, and the initial ratio of the light source part 320 activating the above three light sources can be set to 2:7:1. Preferably, the light illumination parameters of the light source part 320 can be regulated by the processing unit 200, wherein when the light source part 320 is arranged with a plurality of LED light sources, the ratio of different LED light sources can be set in an adjustable manner, and the adjustment scheme can be determined by the processing unit 200 based on the plant growth state obtained by analyzing the growth parameters acquired by the optical monitoring unit 100. Further, the adjustment trend of the processing unit 200 on the adjustment scheme is at least determined based on the different growth periods of the plants and their growth states in the corresponding growth periods, wherein the ratio of the red light source and / or the far-red light source can be appropriately increased at least in the seedling stage and the growth period to promote the formation of stolons, and the ratio of the red light source and / or the far-red light source can be appropriately reduced at least in the harvesting period to promote the formation of tubers, thereby improving the yield of seed potatoes.

[0042] Preferably, as shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7 The optical monitoring unit 100 can be arranged with a first monitoring part 110 for acquiring growth parameters related to the first morphological characteristics of the plants to obtain the plant growth state after processing; the optical monitoring unit 100 can be arranged with a second monitoring part 120 for acquiring growth parameters related to the second morphological characteristics of the plants to obtain the plant growth state after processing, wherein the first monitoring part 110 and the second monitoring part 120 can both acquire growth parameters of the corresponding morphological characteristics based on optical acquisition principles. Preferably, the first monitoring part 110 and the second monitoring part 120 can adopt different optical acquisition methods based on the environment they are in and / or the targets they acquire and / or the growth parameters they acquire.

[0043] Preferably, the second monitoring part 120 can monitor the whole process or part of the process of plant growth, wherein when the second monitoring part 120 only monitors part of the process of seed potato cultivation, it can at least perform acquisition operations in the seedling stage and / or the growth period. Preferably, the second monitoring part 120 can at least acquire relevant growth parameters of the second morphological characteristics, such as chlorophyll, wherein the growth state of the plants can be monitored by detecting the state of chlorophyll in the plants, and the state of chlorophyll can be obtained by the second monitoring part 120 using the method of chlorophyll fluorescence measurement. Preferably, asFigure 5 As shown, the second monitoring unit 120 is disposed on the first direction N of the planting plate 311 in such a way that it can move on the transmission mechanism 130, that is, it can move above the plant.

[0044] Preferably, such as Figure 7 As shown, the second monitoring unit 120 may be equipped with a CCD camera 121 on the transmission mechanism 130. A filter is provided on the side of the CCD camera 121 facing the plant. Multiple light sources that move along with the CCD camera 121 on the transmission mechanism 130 may be provided on both sides of the filter. These light sources may include a first light source, a second light source, and a third light source. The first and second light sources can project overlapping and aligned rectangular illumination spots in the opposite direction of the first direction N of the CCD camera 121. The third light source can project elongated illumination spots, with the elongated illumination spots having equal widths within the rectangular illumination spots. Preferably, the first and second light sources can be rectangular light sources, and the third light source can be a linear light source. Further, saturated pulsed light scans within the rectangular light spots, allowing the CCD camera 121 to record fluorescence changes within the rectangular light spots through the filter. This allows the second monitoring unit 120, which moves and measures in the first direction N of the cultivation unit 300, to acquire a large area of ​​plant chlorophyll fluorescence distribution.

[0045] Preferably, the processing unit 200 can periodically and / or respond to anomalies in growth parameters related to the second morphological characteristics of the plant after analyzing and processing the monitoring data acquired by the second monitoring unit 120. This calibration detection program can be automated and / or manually performed by personnel. An automated calibration detection program can acquire data with higher acquisition precision than that of the second monitoring unit 120 for calibration. Manual calibration, after completing the relevant calibration experiments, allows personnel to input the calibration information into the processing unit 200 for calibration. Preferably, the calibration detection program can at least be used for high-precision acquisition of chlorophyll status in leaves. When acquiring chlorophyll status, carotenoid acquisition can be performed simultaneously to achieve multivariate calibration. Carotenoid acquisition is preferably performed manually.

[0046] Furthermore, the processing unit 200 can adjust the plant cultivation environment based on the monitoring data acquired by the second monitoring unit 120 and / or the calibration data acquired by the calibration detection program. The adjustment process can be achieved at least by the processing unit 200 generating corresponding control signals to the atomizing nozzle 330, the light source unit 320 and / or other environmental components. The atomizing nozzle 330 can adjust the atomization parameters in response to the received control signals, and the light source unit 320 can adjust the light parameters in response to the received control signals.

[0047] Preferably, the processing unit 200 is at least able to determine the current growth status of the plant based on the monitoring data obtained by the second monitoring unit 120, and thus determine the growth stage of the plant. The processing unit 200 is at least able to activate the first monitoring unit 110 set in the cultivation box 310 where the plant is located when it determines that any plant growth node has entered the harvest period, so as to obtain the growth parameters corresponding to the first morphological characteristics of the plant growing in the cultivation box 310. That is, the first monitoring unit 110 is activated at least in response to the processing result obtained by the processing unit 200 based on the monitoring data of the second monitoring unit 120.

[0048] Preferably, such as Figure 8 As shown, one or more first monitoring units 110 with protective components 111 can be configured within any cultivation box 310. The protective components 111 cover the first monitoring unit 110 in a manner that allows optical signals to pass through but prevents the passage of physical substances (e.g., atomized nutrient solution). The protective components 111 can be, for example, a sealed cover made of at least partially transparent material. Further, based on the way the planting holes 314 are opened on the planting plate 311, the first monitoring unit 110 can be located on the box wall within the cultivation box 310 on the same side as the main side 312 of the planting plate 311. The first monitoring unit 110 can movably collect optical information of the plants cultivated in its current cultivation box 310, and the direction of movement is at least parallel to the extension direction of the main side 312 or at least has a component vector parallel to the extension direction of the main side 312. Preferably, the first monitoring unit 110 can also be moved in one or more directions within the cultivation box 310 via a transmission mechanism 130.

[0049] Furthermore, the optical information of growth parameters used to characterize the first morphological characteristics of the plant, acquired by the first monitoring unit 110, can be transmitted to the processing unit 200 at least as image information. The processing unit 200 extracts and identifies the received image information to at least determine the growth status of the harvestable tissue in the first morphological characteristics of the plant, thereby estimating and determining the harvesting time and harvesting plan for each plant in the incubator 310 where the first monitoring unit 110 is located. Preferably, the processing unit 200 can acquire all or part of the external contour of the first morphological characteristics of the plant through image information, and can extract information on the harvestable tissue and / or suspected harvestable tissue from the external contour according to a preset model. In the first morphological characteristics of the plant, the external contour of the harvestable tissue usually has obvious distinguishing features from other tissues. For example, the tuber of the potato seed tuber, which is the harvestable tissue, is obviously different from the stolons and roots, which are other tissues, in order to facilitate the extraction and identification by the processing unit 200.

[0050] Preferably, the first monitoring unit 110 is activated at least when any plant in the cultivation box 310 enters the harvesting period, and the first monitoring unit 110 activated is capable of recording the position tag and time tag of the harvested tissue. Further, based on the arrangement of the planting holes 314 on the planting plate 311, the position tag recorded by the first monitoring unit 110 can correspond to a unique plant, and the time tag can correspond to a unique time sequence point.

[0051] Preferably, the processing unit 200 is capable of performing secondary identification on the suspected harvested tissue at least when identifying the harvested tissue, wherein the suspected harvested tissue is a morphological feature tissue that does not completely match the preset model when the processing unit 200 analyzes the extracted image information, and the suspected harvested tissue is capable of being assigned a label. Further, the suspected harvested tissue can be formed based on various factors, wherein the first factor can be the irregular growth of the harvested tissue due to the influence of the growth environment, and thus the image information obtained cannot completely match the preset model; the second factor can be the image superposition of multiple harvested tissues due to the influence of the image collection position and / or angle of the first monitoring unit 110, and thus the image information obtained cannot completely match the preset model.

[0052] Preferably, the processing unit 200 is capable of preferentially analyzing the image information of the suspected harvested tissue to form a cause, wherein the suspected harvested tissue can be judged whether it can be derived from the harvested tissue through dynamic demonstration of the image information of the same position tag in time sequence after sorting by time tag, and the cause can be judged based on the derivation process. Generally, if the image information of the suspected harvested tissue can be derived from only one harvested tissue, it can be judged as a suspected harvested tissue formed by the first factor; if the image information of the suspected harvested tissue is derived from multiple harvested tissues, it can be judged as a suspected harvested tissue formed by at least the second factor, and it can also be affected by the first factor. Further, in the case of multiple factors affecting together, the processing unit 200 is capable of performing secondary identification on the suspected harvested tissue in a manner of improving the collection accuracy of the first monitoring unit 110, so as to determine the actual contour of the harvested tissue in the image information through boundary division at least when the first monitoring unit 110 obtains the external contour of each tissue of the first morphological feature, thereby judging the influence degree of the first factor and the second factor. Preferably, for the determination of the second factor, the processing unit 200 determines the superposition number and superposition order of the harvested tissues in the image information, and is capable of sequentially circumscribing the external contour of each harvested tissue in the order from front to back, wherein the external contour of the feature part in the rear position can be circumscribed based on the regular structure of the harvested tissue (preset model) and the local contour of the unobstructed part, and the rear position is a position that is farther away from the first monitoring unit 110 than the current position based on the order of the superposition order.

[0053] Preferably, the processing unit 200 is capable of assigning a disqualification label to the harvesting organization that exceeds the harvesting standard when the suspected harvesting organization is formed by the first factor, so as to avoid being mis-harvested and mixed into the qualified products in the harvesting stage, wherein when the number of harvesting organizations that exceed the harvesting standard exceeds a set threshold, the processing unit 200 is capable of optimizing the cultivation environment of the cultivation unit 300 at least by adjusting the atomization parameters, illumination parameters and / or other environmental parameters.

[0054] Preferably, the processing unit 200 can number all the harvesting organizations of any plant, and the numbering method can be set according to the initial forming time based on the time label and / or the relative position relationship based on the position label, wherein the harvesting organization that meets the harvesting standard can be assigned a qualification label, indicating that the harvesting organization can be harvested at least at the next harvesting node, i.e. the qualification label can be associated with the number corresponding to the harvesting organization that meets the harvesting standard. Further, the harvesting organization that is post-positioned in the plurality of harvesting organizations with superimposed sequences can be judged whether it meets the harvesting standard based on the contour circled.

[0055] Preferably, when the harvesting interval time is reached and / or the preset number of qualification labels is reached, the processing unit 200 is capable of generating a harvesting instruction, wherein the harvesting instruction can be sent to the user terminal to remind the user to manually complete the harvesting work, or can be sent to the harvesting unit to drive the harvesting unit to automatically complete the harvesting work. Preferably, the harvesting interval time and the preset number of qualification labels can be determined according to the historical growth data of the plant of the species or the plant close to the species. Further, the harvesting work is at least targeted harvesting based on the number corresponding to the qualification label, wherein the targeted harvesting means that the harvesting organization that meets the harvesting standard can be determined based on the number corresponding to the qualification label, which not only avoids the problem of inaccurate manual visual inspection, but also avoids the problem of waste of productivity caused by relying only on the setting of the harvesting interval time, wherein the waste of productivity refers to that if the harvesting is started when the harvesting interval time is reached, but after the whole process of harvesting inspection, it is found that only a very small number of harvesting organizations meet the requirements, the input-output ratio is low, and the cost of labor and material input is greatly wasted.

[0056] Preferably, the checking unit can check the harvesting organization with the qualified label during the harvesting process, especially during the automatic harvesting process by using the harvesting unit. Further, during the harvesting process, the planting plate 311 can be lifted along the first direction N to expose the first morphological characteristics of the plants to the external environment. Since only a single direction quantitative movement is performed, the harvesting organization with the qualified label can be found according to the label marking of the processing unit 200 to complete the targeted harvesting. Preferably, the checking unit can complete the checking in a way of physical contact checking and / or optical non-contact checking. The optical non-contact checking can be performed by using at least one first checking unit with the same image acquisition direction as the first monitoring unit 110 and at least one second checking unit with different image acquisition direction from the first monitoring unit 110 to realize multi-angle and multi-direction image acquisition, thereby avoiding misjudgment of the qualified label.

[0057] Further, after the current round of harvesting is completed, the planting plate 311 can be lowered along the opposite direction of the first direction N to return the first morphological characteristics of the plants to the hydroponic environment. Since there can be multiple harvesting organizations in the first morphological characteristics of the plants and the growth and development degree of all the harvesting organizations is not the same, when any plant is harvested, there is usually a case that only part of the harvesting organizations are harvested. Therefore, the processing unit 200 can at least start the first monitoring unit 110 to scan the current remaining harvesting organizations after completing a round of harvesting work to determine whether there is any deviation from the prepared harvesting plan, for example, the harvesting organization with the qualified label is not harvested, or the harvesting organization without the qualified label is harvested, etc. Further, for the case that the harvesting organization is harvested in the previous sequence harvesting round and is not implemented, the processing unit 200 can re-assign a timeout label. For the harvesting organization with the timeout label, the qualified or unqualified label is re-assigned after the growth state is separately evaluated before the subsequent sequence harvesting round. The occurrence of this case can be caused by harvesting omission or inaccuracy when the external contour of the feature part of the post-position is predicted and circled during the image coincidence superposition. The processing unit 200 can reduce the deviation caused by the prediction based on machine learning.

[0058] Embodiment 2 This embodiment is a further improvement of embodiment 1, and the repeated contents will not be described again.

[0059] The application also discloses a rapid plant breeding method based on optical detection, which can include the following steps: optical information of part of the morphological characteristics of the plants is collected by using one or a group of monitoring units to determine the growth nodes and growth states of the plants; When the growth node of any of the cultivated plants is determined to enter the harvesting period, the relative other part morphological feature of the plant, which at least contains the harvesting tissue of the plant, is optically information collected by the relative other monitoring unit or set of monitoring units, so as to estimate and determine the harvesting time and harvesting scheme of the harvesting tissue of the plant.

[0060] Preferably, the above one or set of monitoring units can be the second monitoring unit 120, and the above relative other monitoring unit or set of monitoring units can be the first monitoring unit 110. Further, the judgment of the growth node and growth state of the plant can be completed by the processing unit 200; and the estimation and determination of the harvesting time and harvesting scheme of the harvesting tissue of the plant can be completed by the processing unit 200.

[0061] It should be noted that the above specific embodiments are exemplary, and those skilled in the art can think of various solutions under the inspiration of the disclosure of the present application, and these solutions also belong to the disclosed range of the present application and fall within the protection scope of the present application. Those skilled in the art should understand that the specification and drawings of the present application are illustrative and do not constitute a limitation on the claims. The protection scope of the present application is defined by the claims and their equivalents. The specification of the present application contains multiple inventive concepts, such as "preferably", "according to one preferred embodiment" or "optionally", which all indicate that the corresponding paragraph discloses an independent concept, and the applicant reserves the right to file a divisional application according to each inventive concept.

Claims

1. A rapid plant propagation system based on optical detection, comprising: An optical monitoring unit (100) is used to acquire optical information about the first and second morphological characteristics of the plant. The processing unit (200) is used to analyze and process the optical information acquired by the optical monitoring unit (100) to obtain the growth status of the plant. Its features are, The optical monitoring unit (100) is configured with at least a first monitoring unit (110) for acquiring optical information of the first morphological characteristics of the plant and a second monitoring unit (120) for acquiring optical information of the second morphological characteristics of the plant. The first monitoring unit (110) is activated at least in response to the processing result obtained by the processing unit (200) based on the monitoring data of the second monitoring unit (120), wherein the processing result at least indicates that the growth node of any cultivated plant has entered the harvest period.

2. The plant rapid propagation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The processing unit (200) is at least able to determine the growth node of the cultivated plant based on the monitoring data of the second monitoring unit (120). When it is determined that the cultivated plant has entered the specified growth node, the first monitoring unit (110) obtains optical information with time tags and / or location tags from the harvested tissue of the plant, wherein the harvested tissue of the plant belongs to its first morphological characteristics.

3. The plant rapid propagation system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The processing unit (200) is at least periodically and / or responsively initiating a calibration detection procedure when it analyzes and processes the monitoring data of the second monitoring unit (120) and obtains results of abnormal growth parameters related to the second morphological characteristics of the plant. The calibration detection procedure is at least able to improve the acquisition accuracy and / or increase the monitoring parameters compared to the conventional monitoring process of the second monitoring unit (120).

4. The plant rapid propagation system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The processing unit (200) can adjust the cultivation environment of the plant based on the monitoring data obtained by the second monitoring unit (120) and / or the calibration data obtained by the calibration detection program. Specifically, it can adjust the light source wavelength and / or light source ratio of the light source unit (320) according to the chlorophyll state and / or carotenoid state of the cultivated plant at the current growth node.

5. The plant rapid propagation system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The processing unit (200) can obtain the entire or partial external contour of the first morphological feature of the plant through the optical information obtained by the first monitoring unit (110), and extract information on harvestable tissues and / or suspected harvestable tissues from the external contours according to a preset model. In the first morphological feature of the plant, the harvestable tissues have at least distinguishable features that can be captured by the processing unit (200) compared with the external contours of other tissues.

6. The plant rapid propagation system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, When identifying harvested tissue, the processing unit (200) can at least perform secondary identification of suspected harvested tissue. The suspected harvested tissue is a morphological feature tissue that is not completely matched with the preset model and is assigned a suspected label when the processing unit (200) analyzes and extracts the optical information provided by the first monitoring unit (110).

7. The plant rapid propagation system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The processing unit (200) can analyze the formation cause of the optical information of the suspected harvesting organization during or before the secondary identification. The optical information of the same location tag is sorted in time series by time tag and then dynamically demonstrated to determine the formation cause based on the deduction process of the suspected harvesting organization from one or more harvesting organizations.

8. The plant rapid propagation system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The processing unit (200) can number all harvested tissues of any plant. Harvested tissues with different numbers can be assigned tags related to harvesting standards. Among them, suspected harvested tissues that are assigned suspected tags due to the superposition of images of multiple harvested tissues can be determined by the processing unit (200) through boundary division to determine the number and order of harvested tissue superposition in optical information, so as to delineate the outer contour of each harvested tissue in sequence, and number them based on the delineated outer contour.

9. The plant rapid propagation system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The processing unit (200) can generate a harvesting instruction when the harvesting interval time and / or the preset number of qualified labels are reached, wherein the harvesting interval time and the preset number of qualified labels can be determined based on the historical growth data of the species or plants closely related to the species.

10. A method for rapid plant propagation based on optical detection, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Using one or a group of monitoring units to collect optical information on some morphological characteristics of plants in order to determine the growth nodes and growth status of plants; When the growth node of any cultivated plant is determined to be ready for harvest, optical information is collected on a different part of the plant’s morphological characteristics using a different monitoring unit or a different set of monitoring units. This other part of the morphological characteristics includes at least the plant’s harvestable tissues, in order to estimate and determine the harvesting time and harvesting plan for the plant’s harvestable tissues.

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