Lightning arrester monitoring transmission test method and system

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of lightning arrester related tests, and particularly relates to a lightning arrester monitoring transmission test method and system. Comprising the following steps: before the converter valve lightning arrester is put into operation, providing excitation for simulating impact on the lightning arrester for the lightning arrester; the excitation current is determined according to the type of a pre-configured lightning arrester; determining a first function item which is obtained according to a waveform distortion rate score, a signal-to-noise ratio score and a transmission quality score and is used for reflecting the health condition of the lightning arrester detection device according to a result obtained by sequentially superimposing disturbance and filtering processing on action pulses corresponding to the action of the lightning arrester under excitation; and superposing the first function item with a second function item used for reflecting the health condition of the lightning arrester body to obtain a health score function value of the lightning arrester so as to determine the health degrees of the lightning arrester and the detection device thereof.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of surge arrester testing, specifically relating to a method and system for monitoring and transmitting surge arresters. Background Technology

[0002] Surge arresters play a crucial overvoltage protection role in UHVDC converter valve towers. Their nonlinear resistance characteristics allow for rapid response to abnormal overvoltage conditions in the converter valves, effectively protecting the valve tower insulation system by limiting residual voltage amplitude and dissipating energy to the ground. For example, commonly used zinc oxide surge arresters, with their excellent volt-ampere characteristics, can control overvoltages within the equipment's tolerance range, significantly improving the operational reliability of the converter station.

[0003] On-site surge arrester testing is divided into two phases: converter station system commissioning and preliminary engineering commissioning. Preliminary engineering commissioning is generally required before system commissioning to ensure the safety and efficiency of surge arrester testing during system commissioning. In the preliminary engineering commissioning phase, surge arrester testing mainly involves monitoring-driven testing. Traditional monitoring-driven testing methods rely heavily on equipment, requiring manual adjustment of the excitation magnitude using specific equipment on the valve tower side and monitoring for surge arrester activation on the valve control side (the entire monitoring process is almost entirely manual). This presents challenges such as difficulty in quantifying and observing the testing process and data, low integration and intelligence levels of the testing equipment, and the consistency between the configured detection parameters during testing and the actual operating parameters. This often leads to signals being misinterpreted as noise and filtered out, resulting in a high failure rate for monitoring-driven testing.

[0004] Later, a station control system was proposed that could be used to assess the health status of surge arresters. However, the basis for assessing the health status of surge arresters was only the number of surge arrester actions. It could not quantify the performance degradation of the monitoring link (i.e., an important factor affecting the health status of surge arresters), nor could it predict the progressive failure of surge arresters and detection devices through signal feature analysis. This resulted in a single dimension of health assessment and the accumulation of hidden failure risks. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method and system for monitoring and testing surge arresters, which solves the problems in the prior art that the performance degradation of the monitoring link cannot be quantitatively characterized, and the progressive failure of surge arresters and testing devices cannot be predicted, resulting in a single dimension of health assessment and the accumulation of hidden failure risks.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a method for monitoring and testing a surge arrester, the method comprising: providing an excitation to the surge arrester to simulate the impact experienced by the surge arrester before the surge arrester is put into operation; the excitation current is determined according to the type of surge arrester pre-configured.

[0007] Based on the result of sequentially superimposing disturbances and filtering the action pulses corresponding to the operation of the surge arrester under the excitation, a first function term is determined, which is obtained from waveform distortion rate score, signal-to-noise ratio score, and transmission quality score, to reflect the health status of the surge arrester detection device; the action pulses are generated by the surge arrester detection device according to the operation status of the surge arrester.

[0008] The waveform distortion rate score is determined based on the waveform distortion rate of the action pulse corresponding to the operation of the surge arrester under the excitation compared with the standard waveform.

[0009] The signal-to-noise ratio score is determined based on the signal-to-noise ratio of the peak value of the waveform of the action pulse corresponding to the operation of the surge arrester under the excitation to the background noise.

[0010] The transmission quality score is determined based on the high-frequency attenuation rate and noise margin; the high-frequency attenuation rate is determined based on the ratio of the center frequencies of the main lobe and the side lobes of the action pulse after superimposed perturbation in the frequency domain.

[0011] The first function term is superimposed with the second function term, which reflects the health status of the surge arrester itself, to obtain the surge arrester health score function value, thereby determining the health status of the surge arrester and its detection device.

[0012] Beneficial Effects: This invention provides a novel method for monitoring and testing surge arresters. Before the surge arrester of a converter valve is put into operation, an excitation is provided to the arrester to trigger its action, and the arrester's detection device generates an action pulse. This action pulse is then superimposed with a perturbation and filtered. The action pulse carries parameter information used to construct the arrester's health scoring function. This parameter information includes: the actual waveform of the action pulse, the peak value of the actual waveform, background noise, noise margin, and the center frequencies of the main lobe and side lobes of the action pulse after superimposed perturbation in the frequency domain waveform.

[0013] One term in the surge arrester health scoring function combines waveform distortion rate score, signal-to-noise ratio score, and transmission quality score. The waveform distortion rate score characterizes the difference between the actual waveform and the standard waveform, indicating the degree of waveform distortion. The signal-to-noise ratio score indicates how easily the actual waveform can be distinguished from background noise. The transmission quality score characterizes the ability of the link (i.e., the signal transmission link between the surge arrester body and the surge arrester detection device) to maintain signal integrity under simulated harsh environments (strong electromagnetic interference, vibration, temperature changes). Since waveform distortion rate, signal-to-noise ratio, and transmission quality are all factors affecting the performance of the monitoring link, this term reflects the performance degradation of the monitoring link. The other term in the surge arrester health scoring function primarily reflects the health status of the surge arrester body. Therefore, the overall scoring function (i.e., the surge arrester health scoring function) can comprehensively assess the health of the surge arrester signal transmission link and the health of the surge arrester body, thereby effectively avoiding situations where the health assessment dimension is singular and the risk of hidden failures accumulates.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes: after each excitation to the surge arrester to simulate the impact it receives, determining the pulse width growth rate of the result based on the result of sequentially superimposing disturbances and filtering the action pulses corresponding to the surge arrester's action under the excitation; if the pulse width growth rate of the current result increases or remains unchanged compared to the pulse width growth rate of the previous result, then the growth step size of the next excitation is maintained; otherwise, the growth step size of the next excitation is decreased; the pulse width growth rate of the current result is obtained by dividing the pulse width growth value of the current result compared to the previous result by the growth step size of the current excitation compared to the previous excitation.

[0015] The upper limit threshold of the current excitation is determined based on the pulse width growth rate of each result and the value of the excitation provided to the surge arrester each time.

[0016] Furthermore, the method for determining the second function term used to reflect the health status of the surge arrester includes:

[0017] Based on the nonlinear saturated growth model, the impact of the number of actions on the score is determined according to the current number of actions of the surge arrester, the maximum number of actions set, the attenuation coefficient, and the acceleration factor used to characterize the later deterioration rate.

[0018] Based on the energy cumulative damage model that introduces the Weibull distribution to describe the nonlinear effect of energy stress, the cumulative energy impact score is determined according to the cumulative operating energy of the surge arrester, the reference energy threshold, and the Weibull shape parameters.

[0019] The eigenvector of the reference waveform is determined based on the rise time, fall time, peak pulse, waveform distortion rate, and signal-to-noise ratio of the reference waveform. The eigenvector of the actual waveform of the action pulse is determined based on the rise time, fall time, peak pulse, waveform distortion rate, and signal-to-noise ratio of the actual waveform of the action pulse. The difference between the eigenvector of the reference waveform and the eigenvector of the actual waveform of the action pulse is calculated using Mahalanobis distance, and the waveform distortion impact score is determined based on the difference.

[0020] The second function term is determined by superimposing the effects of the number of actions, cumulative energy, and waveform distortion on the score.

[0021] Furthermore, it also includes: after the converter valve surge arrester is put into operation, determining the first function term based on the result of filtering the action pulse corresponding to the action of the surge arrester under the excitation;

[0022] The first function term is superimposed with the second function term, which reflects the health status of the surge arrester itself, to obtain the surge arrester health score function value, thereby determining the health status of the surge arrester and its detection device.

[0023] Furthermore, the method for obtaining the result of sequentially superimposing disturbances on the action pulses corresponding to the operation of the surge arrester under the excitation and then filtering them includes:

[0024] The surge arrester detection device generates a corresponding optical signal based on the surge arrester's operation under the excitation. This optical signal is then used as the corresponding optical signal of the surge arrester under the excitation. The optical signal is then subjected to sequential perturbation and filtering. Based on the filtering result, it is determined whether the optical signal was generated by the surge arrester detection device when the surge arrester is triggered. If so, the result of sequentially superimposing perturbations and filtering the optical signal is used as the result of sequentially superimposing perturbations and filtering the action pulse corresponding to the surge arrester's operation under the excitation.

[0025] The present invention also provides a system for monitoring and testing surge arresters, the system comprising: a high-voltage discharge module, a waveform capture and recording module, a surge arrester action counting and storage module, a surge arrester health determination module, and an optical signal disturbance module;

[0026] The high-voltage discharge module is used to connect to the surge arrester under test and provide excitation to the surge arrester to simulate the impact it is subjected to before the converter valve surge arrester is put into operation; the waveform capture and recording module is used to capture the action pulses generated by the surge arrester's detection device according to the surge arrester's operation.

[0027] The optical signal disturbance module is used to sequentially superimpose disturbances on the action pulses corresponding to the action of the surge arrester under the excitation;

[0028] The waveform capture and recording module is also used to filter the action pulses corresponding to the action of the surge arrester under the excitation.

[0029] The surge arrester action counting and storage module is used to store the result of the surge arrester action pulse corresponding to the action pulse under the excitation being superimposed with disturbance and filtered;

[0030] The surge arrester health assessment module is used to determine the first function term based on the action pulse corresponding to the surge arrester's action under the excitation and the result of filtering after sequential superposition of disturbances and the action pulse of the surge arrester under the excitation, and based on waveform distortion rate score, signal-to-noise ratio score and transmission quality score.

[0031] The waveform distortion rate score is determined based on the waveform distortion rate of the action pulse corresponding to the operation of the surge arrester under the excitation compared with the standard waveform.

[0032] The signal-to-noise ratio score is determined based on the signal-to-noise ratio of the peak value of the waveform of the action pulse corresponding to the operation of the surge arrester under the excitation to the background noise.

[0033] The transmission quality score is determined based on the high-frequency attenuation rate and noise margin; the high-frequency attenuation rate is determined based on the ratio of the center frequencies of the main lobe and the side lobes of the action pulse after superimposed perturbation in the frequency domain.

[0034] The first function term is superimposed with the second function term, which reflects the health status of the surge arrester itself, to obtain the surge arrester health score function value, thereby determining the health status of the surge arrester and its detection device.

[0035] Furthermore, it also includes: after each excitation to the surge arrester to simulate the impact it receives, determining the pulse width growth rate of the result based on the result of sequentially superimposing disturbances and filtering the action pulses corresponding to the surge arrester's action under the excitation; if the pulse width growth rate of the current result increases or remains unchanged compared to the pulse width growth rate of the previous result, then the growth step size of the next excitation is maintained; otherwise, the growth step size of the next excitation is decreased; the pulse width growth rate of the current result is obtained by dividing the pulse width growth value of the current result compared to the previous result by the growth step size of the current excitation compared to the previous excitation.

[0036] The upper limit threshold of the current excitation is determined based on the pulse width growth rate of each result and the value of the excitation provided to the surge arrester each time.

[0037] Furthermore, the method for determining the second function term used to reflect the health status of the surge arrester includes:

[0038] Based on the nonlinear saturated growth model, the impact of the number of actions on the score is determined according to the current number of actions of the surge arrester, the maximum number of actions set, the attenuation coefficient, and the acceleration factor used to characterize the later deterioration rate.

[0039] Based on the energy cumulative damage model that introduces the Weibull distribution to describe the nonlinear effect of energy stress, the cumulative energy impact score is determined according to the cumulative operating energy of the surge arrester, the reference energy threshold, and the Weibull shape parameters.

[0040] The eigenvector of the reference waveform is determined based on the rise time, fall time, peak pulse, waveform distortion rate, and signal-to-noise ratio of the reference waveform. The eigenvector of the actual waveform of the action pulse is determined based on the rise time, fall time, peak pulse, waveform distortion rate, and signal-to-noise ratio of the actual waveform of the action pulse. The difference between the eigenvector of the reference waveform and the eigenvector of the actual waveform of the action pulse is calculated using Mahalanobis distance, and the waveform distortion impact score is determined based on the difference.

[0041] The second function term is determined by superimposing the effects of the number of actions, cumulative energy, and waveform distortion on the score.

[0042] Furthermore, it also includes: after the converter valve surge arrester is put into operation, determining the first function term based on the result of filtering the action pulse corresponding to the action of the surge arrester under the excitation;

[0043] The first function term is superimposed with the second function term, which reflects the health status of the surge arrester itself, to obtain the surge arrester health score function value, thereby determining the health status of the surge arrester and its detection device.

[0044] Furthermore, the method for obtaining the result of sequentially superimposing disturbances on the action pulses corresponding to the operation of the surge arrester under the excitation and then filtering them includes:

[0045] The surge arrester detection device generates a corresponding optical signal based on the surge arrester's operation under the excitation. This optical signal is then used as the corresponding optical signal of the surge arrester under the excitation. The optical signal is then subjected to sequential perturbation and filtering. Based on the filtering result, it is determined whether the optical signal was generated by the surge arrester detection device when the surge arrester is triggered. If so, the result of sequentially superimposing perturbations and filtering the optical signal is used as the result of sequentially superimposing perturbations and filtering the action pulse corresponding to the surge arrester's operation under the excitation.

[0046] The system for monitoring and driving the surge arrester of the present invention has the same beneficial effects as the method for monitoring and driving the surge arrester described above. Attached Figure Description

[0047] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the surge arrester monitoring and transmission test method in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the determination of the health status of the surge arrester and its testing device under actual operating conditions in an embodiment of the surge arrester monitoring and transmission test method of the present invention.

[0049] Figure 3 This is a system architecture diagram of the surge arrester monitoring and transmission test in the system implementation of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0050] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0051] Methods and Implementation of Lightning Arrester Monitoring Transmission Test

[0052] This embodiment provides a technical solution for a method of monitoring and testing surge arresters. The main idea of ​​this solution is as follows: before the surge arrester of the converter valve is put into operation (i.e., the test stage), the surge arrester is first simulated under actual operating conditions and subjected to impact. Then, by analyzing the action pulses generated by the surge arrester's detection device, the health status (i.e., damage and aging) of the surge arrester and the signal transmission link between the surge arrester and the detection device is evaluated from multiple dimensions, thereby predicting the progressive failure of the surge arrester and the detection device.

[0053] In this embodiment, the method includes: providing an excitation to the surge arrester to simulate the impact it receives before the converter valve surge arrester is put into operation; the excitation current is determined according to the pre-configured type of surge arrester. By applying this excitation, the functional integrity of the surge arrester can be verified; that is, if the surge arrester is not activated when the excitation is applied, it proves that the surge arrester is damaged and needs to be replaced.

[0054] Based on the action pulse corresponding to the operation of the surge arrester under excitation and the result of filtering after sequential superposition of disturbances, the first function term used to reflect the health status of the surge arrester detection device is determined according to waveform distortion rate score, signal-to-noise ratio score and transmission quality score; the action pulse is generated by the surge arrester detection device according to the operation status of the surge arrester.

[0055] The waveform distortion rate score is determined by comparing the waveform distortion rate of the action pulse corresponding to the operation of the surge arrester under excitation (i.e., the pulse waveform directly output by the surge arrester without any processing) with the standard waveform.

[0056] The signal-to-noise ratio score is determined based on the signal-to-noise ratio of the peak value of the waveform of the action pulse corresponding to the operation of the surge arrester under excitation to the background noise.

[0057] The transmission quality score is determined based on the high-frequency attenuation rate and noise margin; the high-frequency attenuation rate is determined based on the ratio of the center frequencies of the main lobe and the side lobes of the action pulse after superimposed perturbation in the frequency domain.

[0058] The first function term is superimposed with the second function term, which reflects the health status of the surge arrester itself, to obtain the surge arrester health score function value, thereby determining the health status of the surge arrester and its detection device.

[0059] like Figure 1 As shown, in a specific embodiment, a maintenance mode is included; this maintenance mode is used to perform transmission tests on the surge arrester and its testing device before the converter valve surge arrester is put into operation.

[0060] In maintenance mode, firstly, connect the high-voltage discharge interface to the lower sensor assembly of the surge arrester using appropriate wires. Then, connect the detection device of the valve tower surge arrester (i.e., the surge arrester) to the module or equipment used for capturing and recording pulse waveforms using optical fiber. Finally, power on and initialize the device. Configure the surge arrester type in the background, and then adaptively match the output current (i.e., the excitation current) according to the surge arrester type; the matched output current differs for different surge arrester types. Apply an excitation (i.e., an excitation used to simulate the impact on the surge arrester) to trigger its operation. When the surge arrester operates, if the surge arrester's detection device is functioning normally, the detection device can detect the surge arrester's operation and output the original action pulse (i.e., the action pulse directly output by the detection device without any processing). After monitoring the original action pulse, disturbances (such as strong electromagnetic interference, vibration, temperature changes, etc.) can be sequentially superimposed on it. The purpose of superimposing disturbances is to simulate the complex electromagnetic environment and extreme working conditions in the field to verify the reliability of the surge arrester and its detection device under such conditions. When superimposing disturbances, random disturbances of different intensities can be adaptively generated based on the received action pulse parameters.

[0061] After obtaining the motion pulse with superimposed perturbation, it is identified and effectively captured. Simultaneously, the perturbation signal carried by the motion pulse is filtered out. The result obtained after filtering is the original motion pulse with perturbation superimposed and filtered. In a specific embodiment, after obtaining this result, high-speed waveform recording and storage are performed. The stored waveform (i.e., the waveform corresponding to the result) can be used for subsequent waveform analysis.

[0062] Specifically, a dynamic, quantitative, and multi-source information-integrating health assessment system is constructed using optical waveform signal characteristics (obtained through waveform analysis), surge arrester energy calculation, and surge arrester operation frequency. This assessment system quantifies the health of two parts: the surge arrester body and the link (i.e., the communication link between the surge arrester body and its detection device). In fact, the link's health reflects the health of the surge arrester body and its detection device's receiving and transmitting functions; therefore, in this embodiment, the health to be assessed is the health of the surge arrester body and its detection device. After obtaining the assessment results of both, the degree of wear and tear on the surge arrester body and its detection device can be determined based on the health, thus facilitating the decision on whether to replace them. In a specific embodiment, the surge arrester body and its detection device can be replaced during annual maintenance.

[0063] To reflect the health status of the surge arrester body and its testing device, this embodiment proposes a surge arrester health scoring function containing two function terms, wherein the first function term is used to reflect the health status of the surge arrester testing device; and the second function term is used to reflect the health status of the surge arrester body.

[0064] Specifically, an overall health measurement model is constructed, which includes a surge arrester health scoring function. This model can quantify the overall health of the surge arrester and its detection device. The model includes a quantitative model for the health of the surge arrester's detection device (this model includes a first function term). ) and the surge arrester's physical health quantification model (which includes a second function term) ).

[0065]

[0066] in, , These are all weighting coefficients, reflecting the emphasis on the reliability of the entity and the link, respectively.

[0067] In this embodiment, the first function term Second function term The methods for determining them are as follows:

[0068] 1) First function term The test device used to reflect the health of the surge arrester is also equivalent to reflecting the health of the surge arrester's signal transmission link. It is mainly determined by waveform distortion rate score, signal-to-noise ratio score, and transmission quality score.

[0069] First function term The specific representation is as follows:

[0070]

[0071] In the above formula, Score the signal-to-noise ratio; Score the waveform distortion rate; Rate the transmission quality; , , The weighting coefficients for the signal-to-noise ratio score, waveform distortion rate score, and transmission quality score can all be flexibly configured.

[0072] Signal-to-noise ratio score The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is determined based on the peak value of the actual waveform of the action pulse and the background noise; the SNR characterizes the difference between the actual waveform and the background noise. For example, with other parameters remaining constant, the weighting coefficient... It is a positive value, and the signal-to-noise ratio score Depending on its independent variable (i.e., signal-to-noise ratio) As the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) increases, a higher SNR score indicates a greater difference between the actual waveform and the background noise, making them easier to distinguish and reflecting higher waveform quality. Therefore, in this case, a higher SNR score indicates better health of the surge arrester detection device.

[0073] Waveform distortion rate score The waveform distortion rate is determined based on the waveform distortion rate between the actual waveform of the action pulse and the standard waveform; the waveform distortion rate characterizes the difference between the actual waveform and the standard waveform. For example, with other parameters remaining constant, the weighting coefficient... The value is positive, and the waveform distortion rate score is... Depending on its independent variable (i.e., waveform distortion rate) When the waveform distortion rate increases, a higher waveform distortion rate score indicates greater waveform distortion, which in turn reflects poorer waveform quality. Therefore, in this case, a higher waveform distortion rate score indicates a worse health status of the surge arrester testing device.

[0074] Transmission quality score This is a robustness score calculated based on adaptive optical signal perturbation test results. The score reflects the link's ability to maintain signal integrity under simulated harsh environments (strong electromagnetic interference, vibration, temperature changes), and is a quantitative value indicating the stability of signal characteristics during perturbation testing. For example, with other parameters remaining constant, the weighting coefficients... It is a positive value, and the transmission quality score is... Depending on its independent variable (i.e., transmission quality) When the signal strength increases, a higher transmission quality score indicates a better ability to maintain signal stability during disturbance testing. Therefore, in this case, a higher transmission quality score indicates a better health status of the surge arrester testing device.

[0075] In this embodiment, the method for determining the second function term reflecting the health status of the surge arrester includes:

[0076] Based on the nonlinear saturated growth model, the impact of the number of actions on the score is determined according to the current number of actions of the surge arrester, the maximum number of actions set, the attenuation coefficient, and the acceleration factor used to characterize the later deterioration rate.

[0077] Based on the energy cumulative damage model that introduces the Weibull distribution to describe the nonlinear effect of energy stress, the cumulative energy impact score is determined according to the cumulative operating energy of the surge arrester, the reference energy threshold, and the Weibull shape parameters.

[0078] The eigenvectors of the reference waveform are determined based on the rise time, fall time, peak pulse, waveform distortion rate, and signal-to-noise ratio of the reference waveform. The eigenvectors of the actual waveform of the action pulse are determined based on the rise time, fall time, peak pulse, waveform distortion rate, and signal-to-noise ratio of the actual waveform. The difference between the eigenvectors of the reference waveform and the eigenvectors of the actual waveform of the action pulse is calculated using Mahalanobis distance, and the waveform distortion impact score is determined based on the difference.

[0079] The second function term is determined by superimposing the effects of the number of actions, cumulative energy, and waveform distortion on the score.

[0080] 2) Second function term The rating is used to reflect the health of the surge arrester itself, and is mainly determined based on three rating items: the impact of the number of operations, the impact of cumulative energy, and the impact of waveform distortion.

[0081] Second function term The specific representation is as follows:

[0082]

[0083] In the above formula, The number of actions affects the score; Score for cumulative energy impact; The score is given for the impact of waveform distortion.

[0084] Specifically, the number of actions affects the score. A nonlinear saturated growth model is employed, based on the current number of operations of the surge arrester, the set maximum number of operations, the attenuation coefficient, and an acceleration factor used to characterize the later deterioration rate, to reflect the attenuation effect of the number of operations on the lifespan. In one specific embodiment, the number of operations affects the score. It can be expressed by the following formula:

[0085]

[0086] in, This represents the current number of times the surge arrester has operated. Set the maximum number of operations for the surge arrester; The attenuation coefficient can be fitted using historical data; It is an acceleration factor used to characterize the rate of degradation in the later stages.

[0087] Based on the parameters above, it can be explained how the number of times this action is performed affects the score. This considers the number of surge arrester operations as a factor affecting the health of the surge arrester itself, and the degree to which its impact on health is quantified. As can be seen from the above formula, in this embodiment, with other parameters remaining constant and the weighting coefficients... When the value is positive, the higher the number of actions affects the score, the worse the health of the surge arrester itself.

[0088] Cumulative Energy Impact Score Based on the energy accumulation damage model, a Weibull distribution is introduced to describe the nonlinear effect of energy stress, determined according to the cumulative operating energy of the surge arrester, the reference energy threshold, and the Weibull shape parameters. In a specific embodiment, the cumulative energy impact score is... It can be expressed by the following formula:

[0089]

[0090] in, This refers to the cumulative operating energy of the surge arrester; The reference energy threshold for surge arresters is typically taken as 80% of the energy withstand value. For Weibull shape parameters, >1 indicates that damage accelerates with accumulated energy.

[0091] Based on the above parameters, explain the impact of this cumulative energy on the score. This considers the cumulative energy of the surge arrester (i.e., the cumulative energy of the surge arrester under excitation) as a factor affecting the health of the surge arrester itself, and the degree of its influence on health is quantified. As can be seen from the above formula, in this embodiment, with other parameters unchanged and the weighting coefficients... When the value is positive, the higher the cumulative energy impact score, the worse the health of the surge arrester itself.

[0092] Waveform distortion affects score This is primarily determined based on Mahalanobis distance, combined with the normalized difference vector and the feature covariance matrix. In one specific embodiment, waveform distortion affects the score. It can be expressed by the following formula:

[0093]

[0094] in, This is the normalized difference vector; The feature covariance matrix, calculated based on historical health data, reflects the correlation between features. After each maintenance mode test, iterative optimization can be performed using new data. The above formula expresses the meaning that the difference between the feature vector of the reference waveform and the feature vector of the actual waveform of the action pulse is the Mahalanobis distance. In this embodiment, this difference is directly used as the waveform distortion impact score. In other embodiments, the waveform distortion impact score can also be determined after processing the difference. As can be seen from the above formula, in this embodiment, with other parameters remaining unchanged and the weighting coefficients... When the value is positive, waveform distortion affects the score. The higher the value, the worse the health of the surge arrester itself.

[0095] Specifically, the characteristic vector of the aforementioned reference waveform is represented as follows: based on the rise time, fall time, pulse peak value, waveform distortion rate, and signal-to-noise ratio of the reference waveform, the characteristic vector of the reference waveform can be represented; its expression is shown below:

[0096]

[0097] In the above formula, The feature vector of the reference waveform; The rise time of the reference waveform; The fall time of the reference waveform; The peak value of the reference waveform; The waveform distortion rate of the reference waveform; The signal-to-noise ratio of the reference waveform.

[0098] Similarly, the feature vector of the actual waveform of the action pulse can be represented as follows: Based on the rise time, fall time, pulse peak value, waveform distortion rate, and signal-to-noise ratio of the actual waveform of the action pulse, the feature vector of the actual waveform of the action pulse can be represented; its expression is as follows:

[0099]

[0100] In the above formula, The feature vector of the actual waveform of the action pulse; The rise time of the actual waveform of the action pulse; The fall time of the actual waveform of the action pulse; The peak value of the actual waveform of the action pulse; The waveform distortion rate of the actual waveform of the action pulse; This represents the signal-to-noise ratio of the actual waveform of the action pulse.

[0101] By combining the expressions for the eigenvectors of the reference waveform and the eigenvectors of the actual waveform of the action pulse, the normalized difference vector can be obtained as follows:

[0102]

[0103] in, This is the normalized difference vector; other parameters have been explained and will not be repeated here. It is important to note the vector corresponding to the waveform distortion rate. It is not a normalized vector.

[0104] The normalized difference vector is calculated based on the above formula. Then, the difference between the eigenvector of the reference waveform and the eigenvector of the actual waveform of the action pulse can be calculated; this difference is expressed as the Mahalanobis distance. The waveform distortion impact score can then be calculated based on this difference. In other words, the waveform distortion affects the score. The actual meaning is: to quantify the overall degradation by constructing Mahalanobis distance by fusing multiple waveform features.

[0105] In this embodiment, the method further includes: after each excitation to the surge arrester to simulate the impact it receives, determining the pulse width growth rate of the result based on the result of sequentially superimposing disturbances and filtering the action pulses corresponding to the surge arrester's action under the excitation; if the pulse width growth rate of the current result is increased or unchanged compared to the pulse width growth rate of the previous result, the growth step size of the next excitation is maintained; otherwise, the growth step size of the next excitation is decreased; the pulse width growth rate of the current result is obtained by dividing the pulse width growth value of the current result compared to the previous result by the growth step size of the current excitation compared to the previous excitation.

[0106] The upper limit threshold of the current excitation is determined based on the pulse width growth rate of each result and the value of the excitation provided to the surge arrester each time.

[0107] In this embodiment, a reference value for current excitation can be provided to the surge arrester based on the set database and prior knowledge of historical tests, and then the upper limit threshold of current excitation can be determined.

[0108] The method for determining the upper limit threshold of current excitation is as follows: After each excitation, disturbance, and filtering process is applied to the surge arrester, a processed result (i.e., a processed action pulse) is generated. For each excitation, the growth step size of the next excitation is determined by comparing the pulse width growth rate of the current excitation result with the pulse width growth rate of the previous excitation result (the pulse width growth rate may increase, remain unchanged, or decrease). Specifically, if the pulse width growth rate increases or remains unchanged, the growth step size of the next excitation is maintained; if the pulse width growth rate decreases, the growth step size of the next excitation is decreased, and so on. The growth step size becomes smaller as the value approaches the upper limit threshold, thus determining the upper limit threshold of current excitation. In a specific embodiment, when the pulse width growth rate is detected to be 0 for a set number of consecutive times, the excitation value applied to the surge arrester when the growth rate is 0 is taken as the upper limit threshold; this set number of times is greater than or equal to 2, preferably 3. This adaptive current rise strategy based on prior knowledge can quickly locate the surge arrester action threshold while preventing overshoot; moreover, this strategy makes the test process highly intelligent, avoiding the problem of repeatedly manually adjusting the current trigger in traditional tests.

[0109] It should be noted that the upper limit threshold (i.e., the upper limit threshold of current excitation) of surge arresters of different types and manufacturers usually varies. Therefore, different models of surge arresters need to be matched with different reference values ​​before the upper limit threshold is determined. For unfamiliar models of surge arresters, a wide-range slow scanning strategy can be used to determine their upper limit threshold, while adaptively optimizing the current rise step size and speed.

[0110] In this embodiment, the method for obtaining the result of sequentially superimposing disturbances on the action pulses corresponding to the operation of the surge arrester under excitation and then filtering them includes:

[0111] The surge arrester detection device generates a corresponding optical signal based on the surge arrester's operation under excitation. This optical signal is then subjected to sequential perturbation and filtering. Based on the filtering result, it is determined whether the optical signal was generated by the surge arrester detection device when the surge arrester is triggered. If so, the result of sequentially superimposing perturbation and filtering the optical signal is taken as the result of sequentially superimposing perturbation and filtering the action pulse corresponding to the surge arrester's operation under excitation.

[0112] Specifically, the result of superimposing disturbances onto the action pulse corresponding to the surge arrester's action under excitation, followed by filtering, exists as an optical signal. This optical signal is typically generated by the surge arrester detection device when it detects the surge arrester's trigger action, and the parameter information it carries can be used to construct the surge arrester's health scoring function. However, under actual operating conditions, this optical signal may not necessarily be generated when the surge arrester detection device detects the surge arrester's trigger action; other influencing factors (such as surge arrester faults) may also cause the optical signal to be generated. Therefore, it is necessary to determine whether the optical signal was generated when the surge arrester detection device detected the surge arrester's trigger action based on the filtered result. If the determination result is yes, the process continues to the next step according to normal procedures. In a specific embodiment, if the determination result is no, the process does not continue, and a surge arrester fault is reported. In other embodiments, the processing method can be flexibly set according to actual needs.

[0113] In this embodiment, the method also includes a part of determining the health status after the converter valve surge arrester is put into operation, specifically: determining the first function term based on the result of filtering the action pulse corresponding to the action of the surge arrester under excitation;

[0114] The first function term is superimposed with the second function term, which reflects the health status of the surge arrester itself, to obtain the surge arrester health score function value, thereby determining the health status of the surge arrester and its detection device.

[0115] like Figure 2 As shown, the part of determining the health status of the converter valve surge arrester after it is put into operation can be summarized as the operating mode. In this operating mode, the health status determination is performed after the converter valve surge arrester is put into operation. It should be noted that if the operating mode is activated, it is assumed that the surge arrester and its testing device have passed the transmission test and are ready for use. In other words, this operating mode determines the health status of the surge arrester and its testing device under actual operating conditions (not the simulated operating conditions of the maintenance mode).

[0116] In addition, under the above operating mode, the detection device of the valve tower surge arrester is first connected to the module or equipment for capturing and recording pulse waveforms using optical fiber, and then the device is powered on and initialized. The internal processing logic and related parameters of the waveform capture and recording module are automatically adjusted in the background, including the specific filtering method and the judgment time of the action pulse. The operating mode and the maintenance mode use the same health detection strategy, but since this mode operates under actual operating conditions, there is no need to simulate the surge excitation experienced by the surge arrester; it is only necessary to wait for the actual excitation to act on the surge arrester.

[0117] System Implementation Method for Monitoring Transmission Test of Lightning Arrester

[0118] This embodiment provides a technical solution for a system for monitoring and testing surge arresters. The system includes: a high-voltage discharge module, a waveform capture and recording module, a surge arrester action counting and storage module, a surge arrester health determination module, and an optical signal disturbance module.

[0119] The high-voltage discharge module is used to connect to the surge arrester under test and to provide the surge arrester with an excitation to simulate the impact it is subjected to before the converter valve surge arrester is put into operation.

[0120] The waveform capture and recording module is used to capture the action pulses generated by the surge arrester's detection device based on the surge arrester's operating status.

[0121] The optical signal disturbance module is used to sequentially superimpose disturbances on the action pulses corresponding to the operation of the surge arrester under excitation;

[0122] The waveform capture and recording module is also used to filter the action pulses corresponding to the operation of the surge arrester under excitation.

[0123] The surge arrester action counting and storage module is used to store the result of the surge arrester action pulse corresponding to the action pulse under excitation being superimposed with disturbance and filtered;

[0124] The surge arrester health assessment module is used to determine the first function term based on the result of sequentially superimposing disturbances on the action pulses corresponding to the surge arrester's action under excitation and performing filtering. This is done by calculating the waveform distortion rate score, signal-to-noise ratio score, and transmission quality score.

[0125] The waveform distortion rate score is determined based on the waveform distortion rate of the actual waveform of the action pulse compared to the standard waveform;

[0126] The signal-to-noise ratio score is determined based on the signal-to-noise ratio between the peak value of the actual waveform of the action pulse and the background noise.

[0127] The transmission quality score is determined based on the high-frequency attenuation rate and noise margin; the high-frequency attenuation rate is determined based on the ratio of the center frequencies of the main lobe and the side lobes of the action pulse after superimposed perturbation in the frequency domain.

[0128] The first function term is superimposed with the second function term, which reflects the health status of the surge arrester itself, to obtain the surge arrester health score function value, thereby determining the health status of the surge arrester and its detection device.

[0129] like Figure 3 As shown, in a specific embodiment, a system for monitoring and testing a surge arrester includes: a high-voltage discharge module, a waveform capture and recording module, a surge arrester action counting and storage module, a surge arrester health determination module, and an optical signal disturbance module.

[0130] The functions and working methods of the above five modules are as follows:

[0131] a) High-voltage discharge module;

[0132] like Figure 3 As shown, this module is connected to the surge arrester under test. Its main function is to provide excitation to the surge arrester to simulate the impact it experiences before the converter valve surge arrester is put into operation. In this embodiment, a controllable adaptive high-voltage discharge module is selected, which can quickly and stably provide operating current to the valve tower surge arrester and drive the valve tower surge arrester detection device to output an optical signal. This module has a built-in database storing the upper limit threshold of surge arresters of different types and manufacturers. Based on the database and prior knowledge of historical tests, it can intelligently provide a reference value for the current excitation of the surge arrester, so as to quickly determine the upper limit threshold of the current excitation.

[0133] b) Waveform capture and recording module;

[0134] like Figure 3 As shown, this module is connected to the surge arrester detection device. The communication method is one-way downlink communication, and the communication content is the surge arrester's action pulse. One function of this module is to capture the action pulse generated by the surge arrester detection device based on the surge arrester's operation. Another function is to filter the action pulse corresponding to the surge arrester's operation under excitation. The waveform capture and recording module selected in this embodiment has high-speed recording capability, enabling high-speed recording of the filtered signal. This, combined with the high-voltage discharge module, achieves adaptive current control and surge arrester action signal capture. Based on the high-speed recording data, a secondary analysis of the surge arrester and its detection device's functional integrity and health can be performed. In summary, this module can effectively identify action pulses in complex electromagnetic environments and solves the problem of unquantifiable test data in traditional surge arrester transmission tests, further providing a reliable data foundation for surge arrester health detection. Both the high-voltage discharge module and this module use bidirectional fiber optic communication to achieve isolation between strong and weak currents. Uplink communication mainly transmits the maximum current threshold enable signal, while downlink communication mainly transmits the prior data to be updated within the high-voltage discharge module and the captured waveform feedback signal. This module can identify and effectively capture weak light signals, and its built-in filtering device can filter out disturbing signals.

[0135] c) Adaptive optical signal disturbance module (i.e., optical signal disturbance module);

[0136] like Figure 3 As shown, the main function of this module is to sequentially superimpose the actions corresponding to the surge arrester's operation under excitation.

[0137] Disturbance. In this embodiment, the module can adaptively generate random disturbances of varying intensities based on the received optical signal parameters. This, in conjunction with the controllable adaptive high-voltage discharge module, enables closed-loop dynamic optimization of the discharge device's built-in database and output current parameters, thereby assisting in verifying the reliability of the test device under complex electromagnetic environments and extreme operating conditions. Furthermore, this module employs LVDS bidirectional differential communication with the waveform capture and recording module. Uplink communication transmits the captured raw action pulses, while downlink communication transmits the action pulses superimposed with disturbances, which are then transmitted to the waveform capture and recording module for filtering. The module also communicates bidirectionally with the backend (i.e., the backend monitoring the transmission test device, responsible for overall control of the entire transmission test system), outputting data to be visualized uplink and transmitting control parameters for the module downlink.

[0138] d) Surge arrester operation counting and storage module;

[0139] like Figure 3 As shown, the main function of this module is to store the result of superimposing disturbances onto the action pulses corresponding to the surge arrester's operation under excitation, followed by filtering. This module communicates unidirectionally with the waveform capture and recording module, transmitting the filtered surge arrester action pulses. It also communicates bidirectionally with the backend, transmitting the surge arrester action count value uplink and primarily transmitting online setting modifications downlink. The surge arrester action counting and storage module identifies the superimposed disturbances and filtered optical signals, writing the count values ​​into a configuration file. Simultaneously, the count values ​​are transmitted to the backend for synchronization via the IEC61850 protocol. In the event of a fault in the surge arrester testing device, the count values ​​can be retrieved from the backend for setting updates. This achieves the unification of local and remote surge arrester counts, enabling remote monitoring of surge arrester action counts and improving maintenance convenience.

[0140] e) Surge arrester health assessment module;

[0141] like Figure 3As shown, the main function of this module is as follows: based on the result of sequentially superimposing disturbances and filtering the action pulses corresponding to the surge arrester's action under excitation, a first function term is obtained based on waveform distortion rate score, signal-to-noise ratio score, and transmission quality score; then, the first function term is superimposed with a second function term reflecting the health status of the surge arrester itself to obtain the surge arrester health score function value, thereby determining the health of the surge arrester and its detection device. This module uses multi-level quantized data to determine the health of the entire monitoring link. In operation mode, combined with the surge arrester action counting and waveform recording module, the number of surge arrester actions, the waveform of the action optical signal, and the action energy are comprehensively considered to determine the health of the surge arrester and its detection device from two dimensions (i.e., the surge arrester body dimension and the link dimension). In addition, in maintenance mode, it can automatically record the characteristic change trend of the optical signal under different intensities of current, plot the optical pulse health curve based on multiple detection data, and simultaneously record the action pulses of multi-valve tower surge arresters and their detection devices for consistency comparison. This module enables a more accurate assessment of the health status of surge arresters and their signal transmission links, providing a two-dimensional evaluation of surge arrester damage and aging. This addresses the problem that traditional surge arrester health testing methods, which rely solely on the number of operations, cannot accurately predict the lifespan of surge arresters and their links.

[0142] It should be understood that the above-described specific embodiments of the present invention are merely illustrative or explanatory of the principles of the present invention, and do not constitute a limitation thereof.

Claims

1. A method of monitoring a switching test of a surge arrester, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: Before the thyristor arrester is put into operation, an excitation for simulating the impact on the arrester is provided to the arrester; the current of the excitation is determined according to the type of the arrester pre-configured; According to the action pulse corresponding to the action of the arrester under the excitation and the result of the filtering processing of the sequentially superimposed disturbance, a first function item for reflecting the health condition of the detection device of the arrester is determined according to the waveform distortion rate score, the signal-to-noise ratio score and the transmission quality score; the action pulse is generated by the detection device of the arrester according to the action of the arrester; The waveform distortion rate score is determined according to the waveform distortion rate of the waveform of the action pulse corresponding to the action of the arrester under the excitation compared with the standard waveform; The signal-to-noise ratio score is determined according to the signal-to-noise ratio of the pulse peak value of the waveform of the action pulse corresponding to the action of the arrester under the excitation and the background noise; The transmission quality score is determined according to the high-frequency attenuation rate and the noise tolerance; the high-frequency attenuation rate is determined according to the ratio of the center frequencies of the main lobe and the side lobe of the action pulse after the superimposed disturbance in the frequency domain; The first function item is superimposed with a second function item for reflecting the health condition of the arrester body to obtain an arrester health score function value, so as to determine the health degree of the arrester and its detection device.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the surge arrester monitoring method is characterized by, Further comprising: After each time the excitation for simulating the impact on the arrester is provided to the arrester, the pulse width growth rate of the result of the filtering processing of the sequentially superimposed disturbance of the action pulse corresponding to the action of the arrester under the excitation is determined; if the pulse width growth rate of the result of this time is increased or unchanged compared with the pulse width growth rate of the result of the last time, the growth step of the excitation of the next time is kept, otherwise the growth step of the excitation of the next time is reduced; the pulse width growth rate of the result of this time is obtained according to the pulse width growth value of the result of this time divided by the growth step of the excitation of this time compared with the growth step of the excitation of the last time; According to the pulse width growth rate of each result and the value of the excitation provided to the arrester each time, an upper threshold value of the current excitation is determined.

3. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the operation of the arrester is monitored by a drive test. The determination method of the second function item for reflecting the health condition of the arrester body comprises: Based on a nonlinear saturation growth model, a action frequency influence score is determined according to the current action frequency of the arrester, the set maximum action frequency, the attenuation coefficient and the acceleration factor for representing the late deterioration speed; Based on an energy accumulation damage model introducing the nonlinear effect of Weibull distribution to describe energy stress, a cumulative energy influence score is determined according to the cumulative action energy of the arrester, the reference energy threshold and the Weibull shape parameter; A feature vector of the reference waveform is determined according to the rise time, the fall time, the pulse peak value, the waveform distortion rate and the signal-to-noise ratio of the reference waveform; a feature vector of the actual waveform of the action pulse is determined according to the rise time, the fall time, the pulse peak value, the waveform distortion rate and the signal-to-noise ratio of the actual waveform of the action pulse; the difference between the feature vector of the reference waveform and the feature vector of the actual waveform of the action pulse is calculated by using the Mahalanobis distance, and a waveform distortion influence score is determined according to the difference; The second function item is determined by superimposing the action frequency influence score, the cumulative energy influence score and the waveform distortion influence score.

4. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the operation of the surge arrester is monitored by a drive test. Further comprising: determining the first function item according to a result of filtering the action pulse corresponding to the action of the surge arrester under the excitation after the action pulse is sequentially superimposed with the disturbance and filtered; superimposing the first function item and a second function item reflecting the health condition of the surge arrester body to obtain a surge arrester health score function value, so as to determine the health degree of the surge arrester and the detection device thereof.

5. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the surge arrester monitoring method is characterized by, The manner of obtaining the result of filtering the action pulse corresponding to the action of the surge arrester under the excitation after the action pulse is sequentially superimposed with the disturbance includes: generating, by the surge arrester detection device, a corresponding optical signal as the optical signal corresponding to the action of the surge arrester under the excitation according to the action of the surge arrester under the excitation; sequentially superimposing the disturbance on the optical signal, filtering the optical signal, and determining whether the optical signal is generated by the surge arrester detection device under the action of the surge arrester according to the result of filtering; if yes, taking the result of filtering the optical signal after the optical signal is sequentially superimposed with the disturbance as the result of filtering the action pulse corresponding to the action of the surge arrester under the excitation after the action pulse is sequentially superimposed with the disturbance.

6. A system for monitoring a switching test of a surge arrester, characterized in that including: a high-voltage discharge module, a waveform capture and recording module, a surge arrester action counting and storage module, a surge arrester health degree determination module, and an optical signal disturbance module; the high-voltage discharge module is used to be connected with the surge arrester to be detected, and provides an excitation simulating an impact on the surge arrester to the surge arrester before the converter valve surge arrester is put into operation; the optical signal disturbance module is used to sequentially superimpose the disturbance on the action pulse corresponding to the action of the surge arrester under the excitation; the waveform capture and recording module is further used to filter the action pulse corresponding to the action of the surge arrester under the excitation; the surge arrester action counting and storage module is used to store the result of filtering the action pulse corresponding to the action of the surge arrester under the excitation after the action pulse is sequentially superimposed with the disturbance; the surge arrester health degree determination module is used to determine the first function item according to the waveform distortion rate score, the signal-to-noise ratio score, and the transmission quality score according to the action pulse corresponding to the action of the surge arrester under the excitation and the result of filtering the action pulse after the action pulse is sequentially superimposed with the disturbance and filtered; the waveform distortion rate score is determined according to a waveform distortion rate of a waveform of the action pulse corresponding to the action of the surge arrester under the excitation compared with a standard waveform; the signal-to-noise ratio score is determined according to a signal-to-noise ratio of a pulse peak value of the waveform of the action pulse corresponding to the action of the surge arrester under the excitation and background noise; the transmission quality score is determined according to a high-frequency attenuation rate and a noise margin; the high-frequency attenuation rate is determined according to a ratio of center frequencies of a main lobe and a side lobe of the action pulse after the disturbance is superimposed in a frequency domain; superimposing the first function item and a second function item reflecting the health condition of the surge arrester body to obtain a surge arrester health score function value, so as to determine the health degree of the surge arrester and the detection device thereof.

7. The system for monitoring a surge arrester of claim 6, wherein, further including: After each time the surge arrester is provided with the excitation for simulating the impact on the surge arrester, the result of the filtering processing of the disturbance superimposed on the action pulse corresponding to the action of the surge arrester under the excitation is determined, and the pulse width growth rate of the result is determined; if the pulse width growth rate of the result of this time is increased or unchanged compared with the pulse width growth rate of the result of last time, the growth step of the excitation of next time is kept, otherwise, the growth step of the excitation of next time is reduced; the pulse width growth rate of the result of this time is obtained according to the pulse width growth value of the result of this time divided by the growth step of the excitation of this time compared with the growth step of the excitation of last time; According to the pulse width growth rate of each result and the value of the excitation provided to the surge arrester each time, the upper threshold of the current excitation is determined.

8. The system for monitoring a surge arrester of claim 6 or 7, wherein, The determination manner of the second function item for reflecting the health condition of the surge arrester body includes: Based on a nonlinear saturation growth model, the action frequency influence score is determined according to the current action frequency of the surge arrester, the set maximum action frequency, the attenuation coefficient and the acceleration factor for representing the late deterioration speed; Based on an energy accumulation damage model introducing Weibull distribution to describe the nonlinear effect of energy stress, the cumulative energy influence score is determined according to the cumulative action energy of the surge arrester, the reference energy threshold and the Weibull shape parameter; The feature vector of the reference waveform is determined according to the rise time, the fall time, the pulse peak value, the waveform distortion rate and the signal-to-noise ratio of the reference waveform; the feature vector of the actual waveform of the action pulse is determined according to the rise time, the fall time, the pulse peak value, the waveform distortion rate and the signal-to-noise ratio of the actual waveform of the action pulse; the difference between the feature vectors of the reference waveform and the actual waveform of the action pulse is calculated by using Mahalanobis distance, and the waveform distortion influence score is determined according to the difference; The second function item is determined by superimposing the action frequency influence score, the cumulative energy influence score and the waveform distortion influence score.

9. The system for monitoring a surge test of a surge arrester according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that, Further comprising: After the converter valve surge arrester is put into operation, the first function item is determined according to the result of the filtering processing of the disturbance superimposed on the action pulse corresponding to the action of the surge arrester under the excitation; The first function item and the second function item for reflecting the health condition of the surge arrester body are superimposed to obtain the health score function value of the surge arrester, so as to determine the health degree of the surge arrester and the detection device thereof.

10. The system for monitoring a surge arrester of claim 6 or 7, wherein, The manner of obtaining the result of the filtering processing of the disturbance superimposed on the action pulse corresponding to the action of the surge arrester under the excitation includes: The corresponding light signal of the surge arrester under the excitation is generated as the corresponding light signal of the surge arrester under the excitation by the surge arrester detection device according to the action of the surge arrester under the excitation; the light signal is sequentially superimposed with the disturbance and subjected to the filtering processing, and whether the light signal is generated by the surge arrester detection device in the case that the surge arrester triggers the action is judged according to the result of the filtering processing; if yes, the result of the filtering processing of the light signal sequentially superimposed with the disturbance is taken as the result of the filtering processing of the disturbance superimposed on the action pulse corresponding to the action of the surge arrester under the excitation.

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