Battery management system, battery device including the same, and charging control method

Abstract

The battery management system wakes up based on a first control signal provided from the AC charger or the DC charger in response to a connection between the vehicle and the AC charger or the DC charger. In addition, the battery management system: determines a connection state between the vehicle and the AC charger or the DC charger based on a voltage of a second control signal determined according to a connection between the vehicle and the AC charger or a voltage of a third control signal determined according to a connection between the vehicle and the DC charger; and performing charging by selecting an AC charging mode or a DC charging mode based on the voltage of the second control signal and the voltage of the third control signal.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application claims priority to and the benefit of Korean Patent Application No. 10-2023-0102320, filed on August 4, 2023, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

[0003] The present disclosure relates to a battery management system, a battery apparatus including the same, and a charging control method. BACKGROUND

[0004] Rechargeable batteries are being used as an energy source for vehicles. Batteries are provided in the form of a battery pack, and a battery management system (BMS) is used to manage the battery pack. Various chargers are used to charge the battery pack installed in a vehicle. The battery management system that manages the battery pack is required to perform charging control of various chargers instead of an electronic control unit (ECU) of a vehicle or an on-board charger (OBC). SUMMARY

[0005] [TECHNICAL PROBLEM]

[0006] Some embodiments can provide a battery management system, a battery apparatus including the same, and a charging control method for performing charging control of various chargers.

[0007] [TECHNICAL SOLUTION]

[0008] According to some embodiments, a battery apparatus configured to be installed on a vehicle can include a battery module and a battery management system. The battery management system can be configured to, in response to connection between the vehicle and an alternating current (AC) charger or a direct current (DC) charger, wake up based on a first control signal provided by the AC charger or the DC charger; determine a connection state between the AC charger or the DC charger and the vehicle based on a voltage of a second control signal determined according to the connection between the AC charger and the vehicle or a voltage of a third control signal determined according to the connection between the DC charger and the vehicle; and select an AC charging mode or a DC charging mode to perform charging based on the voltage of the second control signal and the voltage of the third control signal.

[0009] According to some embodiments, a battery management system of a battery device configured to be mounted on a vehicle can include a connector, a first control circuit, and a processor. The connector can be configured to be connected to an AC charger or a DC charger and receive a first control signal provided by the AC charger or the DC charger in response to the connection of the AC charger or the DC charger. The first control circuit can be connected to the connector and configured to determine a voltage of a second control signal based on a connection between the AC charger and the vehicle and determine a voltage of a third control signal based on a connection between the DC charger and the vehicle. The processor can be configured to wake up the battery management system in response to the first control signal from the connector, determine a connection state between the AC charger or the DC charger and the vehicle based on the voltage of the second control signal or the voltage of the third control signal, and select an AC charging mode or a DC charging mode to perform charging based on the voltage of the second control signal and the voltage of the third control signal.

[0010] According to some embodiments, a charging control method in a battery management system can include receiving a predetermined voltage in response to a connection between a vehicle equipped with the battery management system and a charger, waking up in response to the predetermined voltage, selecting an AC charging mode or a DC charging mode based on a voltage of a control signal determined according to the connection between the charger and the vehicle, and determining a connection state between the charger and the vehicle based on the voltage of the control signal. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0011] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a charging system according to an embodiment.

[0012] Figure 2 FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a battery device according to an embodiment.

[0013] Figure 3 FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of a battery management system according to an embodiment.

[0014] Figure 4 FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating an example of an AC charging control method in a battery management system according to an embodiment.

[0015] Figure 5 FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a DC charging control method in a battery management system according to an embodiment.

[0016] Figure 6 FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of an operation timing for AC charging of a battery management system according to an embodiment.

[0017] Figure 7 FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of an operation timing for DC charging of a battery management system according to an embodiment.

[0018] Figure 8 This is a diagram illustrating an example of a battery device according to one embodiment.

[0019] Figure 9 and Figure 10 These are figures illustrating an example of insulation resistance measurement in a battery device according to one embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0020] In the following detailed description, only certain embodiments of the invention are shown and described by way of illustration. As those skilled in the art will recognize, the described embodiments can be modified in various ways without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the drawings and written description should be regarded as illustrative in nature and not restrictive. Throughout the specification, the same reference numerals denote the same elements.

[0021] When a component is described as "connected" to another component, it should be understood that the component can be directly connected to the other component or connected to the other component through a third component. On the other hand, when a component is described as "directly connected" to another component, it should be understood that the component is connected to the other component without being connected through a third component.

[0022] As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless an explicit expression such as “a” or “single” is used.

[0023] In the flowchart described with reference to the accompanying drawings, the order of operations or steps may be changed, multiple operations or steps may be combined, certain operations or steps may be split, and specific operations or steps may not be performed.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a diagram illustrating an example of a charging system according to one embodiment.

[0025] refer to Figure 1 The charging system 100 may include a vehicle 110, an AC charger 120, and a DC charger 130.

[0026] AC charger 120 can supply AC power to vehicle 110 to charge battery module 111b of vehicle 110. DC charger 130 can supply DC power to vehicle 110 to charge battery module 111b of vehicle 110. In some embodiments, AC charger 120 may include a control device to control AC charging. In some embodiments, DC charger 130 may include an off-board charger to control DC charging, and the off-board charger may include an AC-DC converter that converts AC power to DC power to provide DC power and a DC-DC converter that converts DC power to DC power.

[0027] Vehicle 110 may include a battery device 111 and an on-board charger (OBC) 112. The battery device 111 may be referred to as a battery pack. The battery device 111 may include battery modules 111b and a battery management system 111a that manages the operation of the battery modules 111b. Battery modules 111b may include multiple battery cells. These battery cells may be rechargeable battery cells. In some embodiments, the battery device 111 may include multiple battery modules 111b connected in series and / or parallel. Battery modules 111b may be referred to as a battery pack excluding the battery management system 111a. Vehicle 110 may also include an electronic control unit (ECU) 113 that controls one or more electrical systems in vehicle 110, including the battery management system 111a.

[0028] When vehicle 110 is connected to AC charger 120 for charging, AC charger 120 can supply AC power to vehicle 110. OBC 112 may include an AC / DC converter that converts the AC power supplied by AC charger 120 into DC power. The battery management system of battery device 111 can use the DC power transmitted through OBC 112 to control the charging of battery module 111b.

[0029] When vehicle 110 is connected to DC charger 130 for charging, DC charger 130 can supply DC power to vehicle 110. Battery management system 111a of battery device 111 can use the DC power supplied by DC charger 130 to control the charging of battery module 111b.

[0030] Figure 2 This is a diagram illustrating an example of a battery device according to one embodiment.

[0031] refer to Figure 2 The battery device 200 may include a battery module 210, a positive switch 221, a negative switch 222, and a battery management system 230.

[0032] Battery module 210 may include multiple battery cells. In some embodiments, battery device 200 may include multiple battery modules 210 connected in series and / or in parallel.

[0033] Positive switch 221 can be connected between the positive terminal of battery module 210 and the positive link terminal DC(+) of battery device 200, and negative switch 222 can be connected between the negative terminal of battery module 210 and the negative link terminal DC(-) of battery device 200. Switches 221 and 222 can be charging control switches, controlled by battery management system 230 to control the charging path between battery module 210 and charger 20. When battery device 200 is being charged, positive link terminal DC(+) and negative link terminal DC(-) can be connected to charger 20. When positive switch 221 and negative switch 222 are closed under the control of battery management system 230, power (e.g., charging current) can be supplied from charger 20 to battery module 210 to charge battery module 210. Closing the switches can be represented as "on", and opening the switches can be represented as "off". In some embodiments, switches 221 and 222 can both be configured as relays.

[0034] In some embodiments, the charger 20 may be connected to the battery module 210 without using the link terminals DC(+) and DC(-) of the battery device 200 and the switches 221 and 222. In this case, the charging path between the battery module 210 and the charger 20 can be controlled by the charging control switch on the charger 20.

[0035] Figure 3 This is a diagram illustrating an example of a battery management system according to one embodiment.

[0036] refer to Figure 3 The battery management system 300 may include a connector 310 and a processor 320. The battery management system 300 can support AC charging when the AC charger 31 is connected to the vehicle 30 equipped with a battery device, and supports DC charging when the DC charger 32 is connected to the vehicle 30.

[0037] Connector 310 can be used to connect AC charger 31 to battery management system 300 and DC charger 32 to battery management system 300. In some embodiments, connector 310 can be connected to OBC 33 mounted on vehicle 30 for AC charging of AC charger 31. Processor 320 can control AC charging when AC charger 31 is connected to vehicle 30 and can control DC charging when DC charger 32 is connected to vehicle 30. In some embodiments, processor 320 can be processing circuitry, such as microcontroller unit (MCU).

[0038] In some embodiments, when the AC charger 31 is connected to the vehicle 30, a control signal DC1 with a predetermined voltage can be received from the control device 31a of the AC charger 31. The connector 310 can provide a wake-up signal WK_ACC corresponding to the control signal DC1 to the processor 320. In some embodiments, the control signal DC1 from the AC charger 31 can be transmitted to the OBC 33, and the OBC 33 can transmit the control signal DC1 or a signal corresponding to the control signal DC1 to the connector 310. In some embodiments, the battery management system 300 may further include an analog-to-digital converter, and the wake-up signal WK_ACC transmitted from the connector 310 can be converted by the analog-to-digital converter into a digital signal ADC_WK_ACC and provided to the processor 320. The processor 320 can wake up in response to the wake-up signal ADC_WK_ACC, and then wake up the battery management system 300.

[0039] In some embodiments, when the DC charger 32 is connected to the vehicle 30, the connector 310 can receive a control signal DC2 with a predetermined voltage from the off-board charger 32a of the DC charger 32. The connector 310 can provide a wake-up signal WK_DCC corresponding to the control signal DC2 to the processor 320. In some embodiments, the wake-up signal WK_DCC transmitted from the connector 310 can be converted into a digital signal ADC_WK_DCC by an analog-to-digital converter and provided to the processor 320. The processor 320 can wake up in response to the wake-up signal ADC_WK_DCC and then wake up the battery management system 300.

[0040] In some embodiments, the battery management system 300 may further include a voltage supply circuit 330. The voltage supply circuit 330 may supply various operating voltages used by the battery management system 300. In some embodiments, the voltage supply circuit 330 may supply a first operating voltage Vs1 (e.g., 12V) for the internal circuitry of the battery management system 300 and a second operating voltage Vs2 (e.g., 5V) for the operation of the processor 320. In some embodiments, the voltage supply circuit 330 may include a DC-DC converter 331 and power management circuitry (e.g., a power management integrated circuit (PMIC) 332). The DC-DC converter 331 may include, for example, a buck converter, and the PMIC 332 may include a regulator, such as a low-dropout regulator (LDO).

[0041] DC-DC converter 331 can receive an auxiliary voltage from auxiliary battery 34 of vehicle 30 via connector 310 and generate a first operating voltage Vs1 based on the auxiliary voltage. PMIC 332 can receive the first operating voltage Vs1 and generate a second operating voltage Vs2 lower than the first operating voltage Vs1 based on the first operating voltage Vs1. In some embodiments, wake-up signals WK_ACC and WK_DCC can be provided to voltage supply circuit 330 to enable voltage supply circuit 330, such as DC-DC converter 331. In some embodiments, diode D1 for blocking current in the opposite direction can be connected between the wake-up signal (WK_ACC) output port of connector 310 and the enable port of voltage supply circuit 330 (e.g., DC-DC converter 331), and diode D2 for blocking current in the opposite direction can be connected between the wake-up signal (WK_DCC) output port of connector 310 and the enable port of voltage supply circuit 330 (e.g., DC-DC converter 331).

[0042] In some embodiments, connector 310 may receive a control signal CC1 for connection confirmation from control device 31a of AC charger 31. This control signal CC1 may be referred to as the connection confirmation (CC) signal CC1. The CC signal CC1 may be determined based on the connection between AC charger 31 and vehicle 30. In some embodiments, the CC signal CC1 may be determined based on a resistor (not shown) in control device 31a of AC charger 31 for transmitting the CC signal CC1 and a resistor R1 in battery management system 300. The resistor in control device 31a for transmitting the CC signal CC1 may be determined based on the connection status between vehicle 30 and AC charger 31. Resistor R1 may be connected between the line supplying the first operating voltage Vs1 and the CC signal (CC1) output port of connector 310. Therefore, the voltage of the first operating voltage Vs1 after being divided by the resistor in control device 31a and the resistor R1 in battery management system 300 can be determined as the CC signal CC1. Processor 320 may determine the connection status (e.g., whether fully connected) between AC charger 31 and vehicle 30 based on the voltage of CC signal CC1. In some embodiments, the analog-to-digital converter in the battery management system 300 can convert the CC signal CC1 into a digital signal ADC_ACCon and transmit it to the processor 320.

[0043] In some embodiments, connector 310 may receive a control signal CC2 for connection confirmation from the off-board charger 32a of DC charger 32. This control signal CC2 may be referred to as the connection confirmation (CC) signal CC2. The CC signal CC2 may be determined based on the connection between DC charger 32 and vehicle 30. In some embodiments, the CC signal CC2 may be determined by a resistor (not shown) in the off-board charger 32a of DC charger 32 for transmitting the CC signal CC2 and a resistor R2 in the battery management system 300. The resistor in the off-board charger 32a for transmitting the CC signal CC2 may be determined based on the connection status between vehicle 30 and DC charger 32. Resistor R2 may be connected between the line supplying the first operating voltage Vs1 and the CC signal (CC2) output port of connector 310. Therefore, the voltage of the first operating voltage Vs1 after being divided by the resistor in the off-board charger 32a and the resistor R2 in the battery management system 300 can be determined as the CC signal CC2. Processor 320 may determine the connection status (e.g., whether fully connected) between DC charger 32 and vehicle 30 based on the voltage of the CC signal CC2. In some embodiments, the analog-to-digital converter in the battery management system 300 can convert the CC signal CC2 into a digital signal ADC_DCCon and transmit it to the processor 320.

[0044] In some embodiments, the control circuit including resistors R1 and R2 may be referred to as a connection confirmation circuit. This connection confirmation circuit may be connected to connector 310. The connection confirmation circuit may determine the voltage of CC signal CC1 based on the connection between AC charger 31 and vehicle 30, and determine the voltage of CC signal CC2 based on the connection between DC charger 32 and vehicle 30.

[0045] In some embodiments, connector 310 may receive a pulse width modulation (PWM) signal from AC charger 31 as a control signal and transmit the PWM signal to processor 320. The PWM signal may be referred to as a control boot (CP) signal. In some embodiments, an analog-to-digital converter of battery management system 300 may convert the PWM signal into a digital signal and provide it to processor 320. Processor 320 may determine whether AC charger 31 is ready to charge by measuring the PWM signal.

[0046] In some embodiments, the battery management system 300 may further include a PWM control circuit 340. The PWM control circuit 340 may be referred to as a "control boot circuit". The PWM control circuit 340 can transmit a PWM signal received from the AC charger 31 via the connector 310 to the processor 320, and can reduce the voltage level of the PWM signal during AC charging and transmit it to the processor 320.

[0047] In some embodiments, the PWM control circuit 340 may include resistors R3 and R4 connected in series between the PWM signal output port and the ground terminal of connector 310, and resistor R5 and switch S1 connected in series between the PWM signal output port and the ground terminal. In some embodiments, the PWM control circuit 340 may also include a diode D3 for blocking current flowing to the PWM signal output port. Before AC charging, switch S1 may be turned off, so that the voltage after voltage division by resistors R3, R4 and the AC charger 31 may be provided as a PWM signal to processor 320. Processor 320 may determine the duty cycle and / or frequency of the PWM signal based on the PWM signal output at the junction of resistors R3 and R4. During AC charging, switch S1 may be turned on in response to a control signal CTRL_CP from processor 320, so that a PWM signal with a voltage level lower than the voltage level before AC charging may be provided to processor 320. In some embodiments, the PWM control circuit 340 may also include resistors R6 and R7 connected in series between the PWM signal output port and the ground terminal of connector 310. The voltage after voltage division by resistors R6, R7 and AC charger 31 can be provided as a PWM signal to processor 320. Processor 320 can determine the voltage level of the PWM signal based on the voltage ADC converted by the analog-to-digital converter from the PWM signal output from the junction of resistors R6 and R7.

[0048] In some embodiments, when the AC charger 31 is ready to charge, the processor 320 can output a control signal CTRL_ACC to turn on the charging control switch, which controls the battery module of the battery device (e.g., Figure 2 The charging path between the battery module 210 of the battery device and the terminal for transmitting charging current from the control device 31a of the AC charger 31. In some embodiments, switch S2 can be turned on in response to control signal CTRL_ACC, so that a control signal with a first operating voltage Vs1 can be transmitted to the charging control switch via connector 310. Furthermore, when the DC charger 32 is ready to charge, processor 320 can output control signal CTRL_DCC to turn on the charging control switch to control the charging path between the battery module 210 of the battery device and the terminal for transmitting charging current from the off-board charger 32a of the DC charger 32. In some embodiments, switch S3 can be turned on in response to control signal CTRL_DCC, so that a control signal with a first operating voltage Vs1 can be transmitted to the charging control switch via connector 310.

[0049] In some embodiments, the battery management system 300 may further include a transceiver 350. In some embodiments, the transceiver 350 may be a CAN transceiver for controller local area network (CAN) communication. The processor 320 may communicate with the off-board charger 32a of the DC charger 32 via the transceiver 350 and the connector 310. For example, the processor 320 may communicate with the connector 310 via the transceiver 350 using differential CAN signals CAN-H_DC and CAN-L_DC, and the connector 310 may communicate with the off-board charger 32a of the DC charger 32 using differential CAN signals CAN-H_DCC and CAN-L_DCC.

[0050] In some embodiments, the off-vehicle charger 32a of the DC charger 32 can be grounded (GND) via connector 310.

[0051] As described above, the battery management system 300 can be activated based on control signals DC1 or DC2 provided by the charger in response to the connection between the vehicle 30 and the charger 31 or 32. It determines the full connection between the charger 31 or 32 and the vehicle 30 based on the voltage of control signal CC1 determined according to the connection between the AC charger 31 and the vehicle 30, or the voltage of control signal CC2 determined according to the connection between the DC charger 32 and the vehicle 30. Furthermore, it selects either an AC charging mode or a DC charging mode for charging based on the voltages of control signals CC1 and CC2. Therefore, the battery management system 300 can selectively support both AC and DC charging depending on the type of charger connected to the vehicle 30.

[0052] refer to Figures 3 to 5 This describes the methods for controlling AC charging and DC charging in a battery management system.

[0053] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating an example of an AC charging control method in a battery management system according to one embodiment.

[0054] refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 When the AC charger 31 is connected to the vehicle 30, the battery management system 300 can perform AC charging. When the AC charger 31 is connected to the vehicle 30, the processor 320 of the battery management system 300 can wake up the battery management system 300 in response to the connection between the AC charger 31 and the vehicle 30 (S410 and S420).

[0055] In some embodiments, when the AC charger 31 is connected to the vehicle 30, the vehicle can detect a predetermined voltage. In some embodiments, when the AC charger 31 is connected to the vehicle 30, the OBC 33 can, in response to a predetermined signal DC1 from the AC charger 31, send a wake-up signal WK_ACC corresponding to the predetermined signal DC1 to the processor 320 of the battery management system 300 via the connector 310 (S410). In some other embodiments, when the AC charger 31 is connected to the vehicle 30, the processor 320 can receive the predetermined signal DC1 from the AC charger 31 as the wake-up signal WK_ACC via the connector 310 (S410). In some embodiments, the predetermined signal DC1 may correspond to a predetermined voltage transmitted when the AC charger 31 is connected to the vehicle 30, such as 12V. In some embodiments, the analog-to-digital converter of the battery management system 300 can convert the wake-up signal WK_ACC output from the connector 310 into a digital wake-up signal ADC_WK_ACC and transmit it to the processor 320. The processor 320 can wake up the battery management system 300 in response to the wake-up signal ADC_WK_ACC (S420).

[0056] In some embodiments, a wake-up signal WK_ACC can be transmitted to the voltage supply circuit 330 to enable the voltage supply circuit 330 (e.g., DC-DC converter 331). Therefore, operating voltages Vs1 and Vs2 can be supplied from the voltage supply circuit 330 to the internal circuitry of the battery management system 300.

[0057] Next, the processor 320 can determine the connection status between the AC charger 31 and the vehicle 30 based on the CC signal CC1 (S430). In some embodiments, when the AC charger 31 is not connected to the vehicle 30, the port in the connector 310 for transmitting the CC signal CC1 is in a floating state, so that the CC signal CC1 can have a first operating voltage Vs1 (e.g., 12V) supplied from the voltage supply circuit 330. If the AC charger 31 is not fully connected (or partially connected) to the vehicle 30, the voltage of the first operating voltage Vs1 after resistor R1 and the voltage divided by the resistor due to the partial connection of the AC charger 31 (e.g., 9V) can be output as the CC signal CC1. When the AC charger 31 is fully connected to the vehicle 30, the voltage of the first operating voltage Vs1 after resistor R1 and the voltage divided by the resistor of the AC charger 31 (e.g., 3V) can be output as the CC signal CC1. Therefore, the processor 320 can determine whether the AC charger 31 is fully connected to the vehicle 30 based on the voltage of the CC signal CC1 (S430). In some embodiments, the analog-to-digital converter of the battery management system 300 can convert the CC signal CC1 into a digital signal ADC_ACCon and transmit it to the processor 320. In some embodiments, when the voltage of the CC signal CC1 decreases from the first operating voltage Vs1, the processor 320 can determine that the AC charger 31 is connected to the vehicle 30 and can execute the process for AC charging.

[0058] When the AC charger 31 is fully connected to the vehicle 30, the processor 320 can receive the PWM signal from the AC charger 31 as a control boot signal CP and can check the PWM signal (S440). In some embodiments, the processor 320 can determine whether the AC charger 31 is ready to charge by measuring the PWM signal (S440). In some embodiments, if the AC charger 31 is not ready to charge, the AC charger 31 does not output a PWM signal, so the processor 320 can determine whether the AC charger 31 is ready to charge by measuring whether a PWM signal is output from the AC charger 31. In some embodiments, the processor 320 can determine the duty cycle and / or frequency of the PWM signal based on the PWM signal output at the junction of resistors R3 and R4 in the PWM control circuit 340. In some embodiments, the processor 320 can determine the voltage level of the PWM signal based on the PWM signal output at the junction of resistors R6 and R7 in the PWM control circuit 340.

[0059] When the AC charger 31 is ready, the processor 320 can turn on the charging control switch (S450), which controls the battery module of the battery device (e.g., Figure 2The charging path between terminal 210 (in the AC charger 31) and terminal 31a (from the control device 31a of the AC charger 31) for transmitting charging current. In some embodiments, the charging control switch may be implemented as a relay. In some embodiments, the charging control switch may include a battery module (e.g., for controlling the battery device) Figure 2 210 in the middle) and the link terminal of the battery device (e.g. Figure 2 The switch connecting the DC(+) and DC(-) terminals (e.g.) Figure 2 (S21 and 222 in the original text). In some embodiments, the processor 320 can turn on the charging control switch by outputting a control signal CTRL_ACC with a predetermined level. In some embodiments, the processor 320 can perform vehicle wake-up (S450) before turning on the charging control switch. After turning on the charging control switch, the battery device can perform AC charging (S460). After turning on the charging control switch, the charging current from the AC charger 31 can be supplied to the battery module 210 to charge the battery module 210.

[0060] In some embodiments, the processor 320 may provide a control signal CTRL_CP to the PWM control circuit 340 to turn on switch S1 for AC charging. Then, a PWM signal with a voltage level lower than the PWM signal provided as a control guide signal before AC charging may be provided to the processor 320.

[0061] Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating an example of a DC charging control method in a battery management system according to one embodiment.

[0062] refer to Figure 3 and Figure 5 In some embodiments, the battery management system 300 can perform DC charging when the DC charger 32 is connected to the vehicle 30. When the DC charger 32 is connected to the vehicle 30, the processor 320 of the battery management system 300 can wake up the battery management system 300 in response to the connection between the DC charger 32 and the vehicle 30 (S510 and S520).

[0063] In some embodiments, when the DC charger 32 is connected to the vehicle 30, a predetermined signal DC2 from the DC charger 32 can be sent as a wake-up signal WK_DCC to the processor 320 of the battery management system 300 via the connector 310 (S510). In some embodiments, the predetermined signal DC2 may correspond to a predetermined voltage, such as 12V, transmitted when the DC charger 32 is connected to the vehicle 30. In some embodiments, the analog-to-digital converter of the battery management system 300 can convert the wake-up signal WK_DCC output from the connector 310 into a digital wake-up signal ADC_WK_DCC and transmit it to the processor 320. The processor 320 can wake up the battery management system 300 in response to the wake-up signal ADC_WK_DCC (S520). In some embodiments, the wake-up signal WK_DCC can be transmitted to the voltage supply circuit 330 to enable the voltage supply circuit 330, such as the DC-DC converter 331.

[0064] Next, the processor 320 can determine the connection status between the DC charger 32 and the vehicle 30 based on the CC signal CC2 (S530). In some embodiments, when the DC charger 32 is not connected to the vehicle 30, the port in the connector 310 for transmitting the CC signal CC2 is in a floating state, so that the CC signal CC2 can have a first operating voltage (e.g., 12V) supplied from the voltage supply circuit 330. If the DC charger 32 is not fully connected to the vehicle 30, the voltage of the first operating voltage Vs1 after resistor R2 and the voltage divided by the resistor due to the half-connection of the DC charger 32 (e.g., 9V) can be output as the CC signal CC2. When the DC charger 32 is fully connected to the vehicle 30, the voltage of the first operating voltage Vs1 after resistor R2 and the voltage divided by the resistor of the DC charger 32 (e.g., 3V) can be output as the CC signal CC2. Therefore, the processor 320 can determine whether the DC charger 32 is fully connected to the vehicle 30 based on the voltage of the CC signal CC2 (S530). In some embodiments, the analog-to-digital converter of the battery management system 300 can convert the CC signal CC2 into a digital signal ADC_DCCon and transmit it to the processor 320. In some embodiments, when the voltage of the CC signal CC2 decreases from the first operating voltage Vs1, the processor 320 can determine that the DC charger 32 is connected to the vehicle 30 and can execute the process for DC charging.

[0065] Furthermore, the processor 320 can communicate with the DC charger 32 (S540). In some embodiments, the processor 320 can communicate with the DC charger 32 to determine whether the DC charger 32 is ready to charge (S540). In some embodiments, the battery management system 300 may also include a transceiver 350, and the processor 320 can communicate with the DC charger 32 via the transceiver 350 and the connector 310.

[0066] In addition, the processor 320 can check the insulation status of the battery device (e.g., the status of the insulation resistor) (S550). In some embodiments, the processor 320 can also check for faults in the operation defined for DC charging in the battery management system 300 (S550). In some embodiments, the checks for insulation status and faults in operation can also be performed for AC charging.

[0067] After inspecting the battery device, the processor 320 can activate the charging control switch (S560), which controls the battery module of the battery device (e.g., ...). Figure 2 The charging path between the battery module 210 of the battery device and the terminal for transmitting charging current from the off-board charger 32a of the DC charger 32. In some embodiments, the charging control switch may be implemented as a relay. In some embodiments, the charging control switch may include a switch that controls the connection between the off-board charger 32a of the DC charger 32 and the external link terminal of the DC charger 32. In some embodiments, the charging control switch may include a switch that controls the connection between the battery module 210 of the battery device and the link terminal of the battery device (e.g., the battery module 210 of the battery device) and the external link terminal of the battery device (e.g., the battery module 210 of the battery device). Figure 2 The switch connecting the DC(+) and DC(-) terminals (e.g.) Figure 2 (Referring to 221 and 222 in the original text). In some embodiments, the processor 320 can turn on the charging control switch by outputting a control signal CTRL_DCC with a predetermined level. In some embodiments, the battery management system 300 can provide a control signal for turning on the charging control switch to the DC charger 32 via connector 310.

[0068] In response to the switching on, the battery device can perform DC charging (S570). In response to the switching on, charging current from DC charger 32 can be supplied to battery module 210 to charge battery module 210.

[0069] As described above, the battery management system 300 can be woken up in response to the connection between the vehicle 30 and the AC charger 31 or DC charger 32, based on a control signal (or a first control signal) DC1 or DC2 provided by the AC charger 31 or DC charger 32. Furthermore, the battery management system 300 can determine the connection state between the AC charger 31 or DC charger 32 and the vehicle 30 based on the voltage of a control signal (or a second control signal) CC1 determined according to the connection between the AC charger 31 and the vehicle 30, or the voltage of a control signal (or a third control signal) CC2 determined according to the connection between the DC charger 32 and the vehicle 30, and perform charging by selecting an AC charging mode or a DC charging mode based on the voltages of control signal CC1 and control signal CC2.

[0070] In some embodiments, control signal CC1 can change from a first voltage (e.g., 12V) to a second voltage (e.g., 9V) when vehicle 30 is not fully connected to AC charger 31, and can change from the second voltage (e.g., 9V) to a third voltage (e.g., 3V) when vehicle 30 is fully connected to AC charger 31. Furthermore, control signal CC2 can maintain the first voltage while AC charger 31 is connected to vehicle 30. Therefore, battery management system 300 can determine that AC charger 31 is connected and select AC charging mode based on the voltages of control signal CC1 and control signal CC2.

[0071] In some embodiments, control signal CC2 can change from a first voltage (e.g., 12V) to a second voltage (e.g., 9V) when vehicle 30 is not fully connected to DC charger 32, and can change from the second voltage (e.g., 9V) to a third voltage (e.g., 3V) when vehicle 30 is fully connected to DC charger 32. Furthermore, control signal CC1 can maintain the first voltage while DC charger 32 is connected to vehicle 30. Therefore, battery management system 300 can determine that DC charger 31 is connected and select a DC charging mode based on the voltages of control signal CC1 and control signal CC2.

[0072] In some embodiments, the charging control method of the battery management system 300 may include: receiving a predetermined voltage DC1 or DC2 in response to a connection between the vehicle 30 and the charger 31 or 32; waking up in response to the predetermined voltage; selecting an AC charging mode or a DC charging mode based on the voltage of control signals CC1 and / or CC2 determined according to the connection between the charger 31 or 32 and the vehicle 30; and determining the connection state between the charger 31 or 32 and the vehicle 30 based on the voltage of the control signals CC1 and / or CC2.

[0073] Figure 6 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the operating timing of a battery management system for AC charging according to one embodiment, and Figure 7 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the operating timing of a battery management system for DC charging according to one embodiment.

[0074] refer to Figure 6When the AC charger is connected to the vehicle, the wake-up signal WKUP sent to the processor of the battery management system can become a predetermined voltage (e.g., high level). Therefore, the battery management system can wake up from its dormant state. In some embodiments, the processor can check whether the charging control switch is functioning correctly for charging. For example, the processor can temporarily turn on the charging control switch. With the operating voltage supplied due to the wake-up of the battery management system, the CC signals CC1, CC2, and control boot signal CP supplied to the processor can also become the operating voltage (e.g., 12V). In response to the connection between the AC charger and the vehicle, the CC signal CC1 can change from the operating voltage (e.g., 12V) to a first predetermined voltage (e.g., 9V) lower than that operating voltage. As the AC charger is fully connected to the vehicle, the CC signal CC1 can change from the first predetermined voltage (e.g., 9V) to a second predetermined voltage (e.g., 3V) lower than the first predetermined voltage.

[0075] By detecting that the voltage of the CC signal CC1 is a second predetermined voltage, the processor can determine that the AC charger is fully connected to the vehicle. In this case, since the AC charger is connected, the CC signal CC2 for the DC charger can maintain an operating voltage of 12V. Therefore, the processor can determine whether to execute the AC charging mode based on the voltages of the CC signals CC1 and CC2, choosing between AC charging mode and DC charging mode. Furthermore, with the AC charger fully connected to the vehicle, a PWM signal can be provided from the AC charger to the processor of the battery management system as a CP signal. The CP signal can have a voltage level, such as the operating voltage (12V). The processor can determine AC charging readiness by measuring the CP signal. In some embodiments, the processor can check the communication status between the AC charger and the battery management system and / or for faults in the operation defined for charging before performing AC charging.

[0076] The processor can turn on the charging control switch for AC charging, thereby supplying charging current from the AC charger to the battery module of the battery device. In some embodiments, the processor can provide a CP control signal (PWM control signal) with a predetermined voltage (e.g., a high level) to the PWM control circuit to reduce the voltage level of the CP signal provided by the AC charger (e.g., the voltage level of the CP signal can be reduced to 6V).

[0077] The processor can terminate the charging process after AC charging is complete. To terminate the charging process, the processor can disconnect the charging control switch. In some embodiments, the processor can increase the voltage level of the CP signal by blocking the CP control signal (e.g., by making the CP control signal low). As AC charging is complete, the AC charger can be disconnected from the vehicle, allowing the CC signal CC1 to rise from 3V to 9V, and then from 9V to 12V. With the AC charger completely disconnected, the battery management system enters a sleep state, and the CC signals CC1, CC2, and CP signal can return to 0V.

[0078] refer to Figure 7 When the DC charger is connected to the vehicle, the wake-up signal WKUP sent to the processor of the battery management system can become a predetermined voltage (e.g., high level). Therefore, the battery management system can wake up from its dormant state. In some embodiments, the processor can check whether the charging control switch is functioning correctly for charging. For example, the processor can temporarily turn on the charging control switch. As the operating voltage is supplied due to the wake-up of the battery management system, the CC signals CC1 and CC2 supplied to the processor can also become the operating voltage (e.g., 12V). In response to the connection between the DC charger and the vehicle, the CC signal CC2 can change from the operating voltage (e.g., 12V) to a first predetermined voltage (e.g., 9V) lower than that operating voltage. As the DC charger is fully connected to the vehicle, the CC signal CC2 can change from the first predetermined voltage (e.g., 9V) to a second predetermined voltage (e.g., 3V) lower than the first predetermined voltage.

[0079] By detecting that the voltage of the CC signal CC2 is a second predetermined voltage, the processor can determine that the DC charger is fully connected to the vehicle. In this case, since the DC charger is connected, the CC signal CC1 for the AC charger can maintain an operating voltage of 12V. Therefore, the processor can determine whether to execute the DC charging mode based on the voltages of the CC signals CC1 and CC2, choosing between AC charging mode and DC charging mode. In some embodiments, the processor can check the insulation status of the battery device. In this case, the processor can check the insulation status by periodically cycling the switching on and off of switches in the insulation circuit. In some embodiments, the processor can check the communication status between the DC charger and the battery management system and / or for faults in the operation defined for charging before performing DC charging.

[0080] The processor can activate a charging control switch for DC charging, thereby supplying charging current from the DC charger to the battery module of the battery device. In some embodiments, to reliably check the insulation status during charging, the processor can set the switch's on / off cycle (measurement cycle) to be shorter than the switch's on / off cycle (measurement cycle) before charging.

[0081] The processor can terminate the charging process after DC charging is complete. To terminate the charging process, the processor can disconnect the charging control switch. In some embodiments, the processor can again set the on / off cycle of the switch in the isolation circuit to be longer. As DC charging is complete, the DC charger can be disconnected from the vehicle, allowing the CC signal CC2 to rise from 3V to 9V, and then from 9V to 12V. With the DC charger completely disconnected, the battery management system can enter a sleep state, and the CC signals CC1 and CC2 can return to 0V.

[0082] Figure 8 This is a diagram illustrating an example of a battery device according to one embodiment, and Figure 9 and Figure 10 These are figures illustrating an example of insulation resistance measurement in a battery device according to one embodiment.

[0083] refer to Figure 8 The battery device 800 may include a battery module 810, switches 821 and 822, and an insulation resistance measurement circuit 830.

[0084] In some embodiments, the insulation resistance measurement circuit 830 may include a resistor R11, a switch SW1, and a resistor R12 connected in series between the positive terminal and the ground terminal of the battery module 810, and a DC voltage source Vdc, a resistor R13, a switch SW2, and a resistor R14 connected in series between the ground terminal and the negative terminal of the battery module 810. The ground terminal may be, for example, the chassis of a vehicle. The insulation resistance measurement circuit 830 may have a first insulation resistance measurement terminal IR1 in the path formed by resistors R11, R12, and switch SW1. When switch SW1 is turned on, the voltage divided by resistors R11 and R12 can be measured at the first insulation resistance measurement terminal IR1. For example, the junction of resistors R11 and R12 may be configured as the first insulation resistance measurement terminal IR1. The insulation resistance measurement circuit 830 may have a second insulation resistance measurement terminal IR2 in the path formed by resistors R13, R14, and switch SW2. When switch SW2 is turned on, the voltage after voltage division by resistors R13 and R14 can be measured at the second insulation resistance measurement terminal IR2. For example, the junction of resistors R13 and R14 can be configured as the second insulation resistance measurement terminal IR2. In some embodiments, since resistors R13 and R14 are connected between the negative terminal of battery module 810 and the ground terminal, a DC voltage source Vdc can be provided, making the voltage at the second insulation resistance measurement terminal IR2 a positive voltage.

[0085] In some embodiments, the insulation resistance measurement circuit 830 may be formed in the area of ​​the battery management system.

[0086] In some embodiments, the insulation resistor R21 of the battery device 800 may be formed between the positive terminal and the ground terminal of the battery module 810, and the insulation resistor R22 of the battery device 800 may be formed between the negative terminal and the ground terminal of the battery module 810. Furthermore, the insulation resistor R31 of the vehicle may be formed between the positive link terminal DC(+) of the battery module 810 and the ground terminal, and the insulation resistor R32 of the vehicle may be formed between the negative link terminal DC(-) of the battery module 810 and the ground terminal.

[0087] The processor (not shown) of the battery device 800 can control the operation of switches SW1 and SW2, and can measure insulation resistors R21 and R22 based on the voltage of the battery module 810, the voltage at the first insulation resistance measurement terminal IR1, and the voltage at the second insulation resistance measurement terminal IR2. In some embodiments, the battery device 800 can convert the voltages at the first insulation resistance measurement terminal IR1 and the second insulation resistance measurement terminal IR2 into digital signals and transmit these digital signals to the processor.

[0088] refer to Figure 8 and Figure 9 During the charging connection phase where the charger is connected and / or the charging ready phase where the charger is ready to charge, the processor can measure the insulation resistance of the battery device 800 in the first measurement cycle T1.

[0089] The processor can disconnect switch SW2 and turn on switch SW1 during a portion T11 of the first measurement cycle T1 (e.g., the cycle corresponding to the first half of the first measurement cycle). By turning on switch SW1, a current path can be formed between the positive terminal of battery module 810 and the ground terminal via resistors R11 and R12. Since insulation resistor R21 is formed between the positive terminal of battery module 810 and the ground terminal, a circuit consisting of the group of resistors R11 and R12 connected in parallel with insulation resistor R21 can be formed between the positive terminal of battery module 810 and the ground terminal. Furthermore, an insulation resistor R22 can be formed between the ground terminal and the negative terminal of battery module 810. In this state, the processor can detect the voltage at the first insulation resistance measurement terminal IR1.

[0090] Next, the processor can disconnect switch SW1 and turn on switch SW2 during another portion T12 of the first measurement cycle T1 (e.g., the cycle corresponding to the latter half of the first measurement cycle). By turning on switch SW2, a current path can be formed between the ground terminal and the negative terminal of the battery module 810 via the voltage source VdC and resistors R13 and R14. Since the insulation resistor R22 is formed between the ground terminal and the negative terminal of the battery module 810, a circuit consisting of the group of resistors R13 and R14 connected in parallel with the insulation resistor R22 can be formed between the ground terminal and the negative terminal of the battery module 810. Furthermore, an insulation resistor R21 can be formed between the positive terminal of the battery module 810 and the ground terminal. In this state, the processor can detect the voltage at the second insulation resistance measurement terminal IR2.

[0091] The processor can measure the resistance of insulation resistors R21 and R22 based on the voltage at the first insulation resistance measurement terminal IR1, the voltage at the second insulation resistance measurement terminal IR2, the voltage of the battery module 810, and the resistances of resistors R11, R12, R13, and R14. The processor can measure the resistance of insulation resistors R21 and R22 by repeating the first measurement cycle T1, and can check whether insulation resistors R21 and R22 are broken down based on the resistances measured in each first measurement cycle T1 or by comparing the resistances measured in each first measurement cycle T1.

[0092] refer to Figure 8 and Figure 10 During the charging phase at the beginning of charging, the processor can measure the insulation resistance of the battery device 800 in a second measurement cycle T2, which is shorter than the first measurement cycle T1.

[0093] The processor can detect the voltage at the first insulation resistance measuring terminal IR1 after turning off switch SW2 and turning on switch SW1 during a portion T21 of the second measurement cycle T2 (e.g., the cycle corresponding to the first half of the second measurement cycle). Next, the processor can detect the voltage at the second insulation resistance measuring terminal IR2 after turning off switch SW1 and turning on switch SW2 during another portion T22 of the second measurement cycle T2 (e.g., the cycle corresponding to the second half of the second measurement cycle).

[0094] The processor can measure the resistance of insulation resistors R21 and R22 based on the voltage at the first insulation resistance measurement terminal IR1, the voltage at the second insulation resistance measurement terminal IR2, the voltage of the battery module 810, and the resistances of resistors R11, R12, R13, and R14. The processor can measure the resistance of insulation resistors R21 and R22 by repeating the second measurement cycle T2, and can check whether insulation resistors R21 and R22 are broken down based on the resistances measured in each second measurement cycle T2 or by comparing the resistances measured in each second measurement cycle T2.

[0095] As described above, by setting the insulation resistance measurement cycle during battery module charging to be shorter than the insulation resistance measurement cycle before battery module charging, the processor can reliably check whether the insulation resistor is broken down during battery module charging.

[0096] Although the invention has been described in conjunction with embodiments currently considered practical, it should be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Rather, it is intended to cover various variations and equivalent arrangements included within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A battery device configured for installation in a vehicle, the battery device comprising: Battery module; and Battery management system, the battery management system being configured to: The device is activated in response to a connection between the vehicle and an AC or DC charger, based on a first control signal provided by the AC or DC charger. The connection state between the AC charger or the DC charger and the vehicle is determined based on the voltage of a second control signal determined according to the connection between the AC charger and the vehicle, or the voltage of a third control signal determined according to the connection between the DC charger and the vehicle. The AC charging mode or DC charging mode is selected based on the voltage of the second control signal and the voltage of the third control signal to perform charging.

2. The battery device according to claim 1, wherein, The second control signal is configured to change from a first voltage to a second voltage when the vehicle is not fully connected to the AC charger, and to change from the second voltage to a third voltage when the vehicle is fully connected to the AC charger. The third control signal is configured to maintain the first voltage when the AC charger is connected to the vehicle.

3. The battery device according to claim 2, wherein, The battery management system is also configured to receive the first control signal from the AC charger via an on-board charger installed on the vehicle.

4. The battery device according to claim 2, wherein, The battery management system is also configured to determine whether the AC charger is ready to charge by measuring the pulse width modulation signal provided by the AC charger.

5. The battery device according to claim 4, wherein, The battery management system is also configured to output a fourth control signal during AC charging to regulate the voltage level of the pulse width modulation signal.

6. The battery device according to claim 1, wherein, The third control signal is configured to change from a first voltage to a second voltage when the vehicle is not fully connected to the DC charger, and to change from the second voltage to a third voltage when the vehicle is fully connected to the DC charger. The second control signal is configured to maintain the first voltage when the DC charger is connected to the vehicle.

7. The battery device according to claim 6, wherein, The battery management system is also configured to communicate with the DC charger before performing DC charging.

8. The battery device according to claim 6, wherein, The battery management system is also configured to check the insulation status of the battery device before performing DC charging.

9. The battery device according to claim 8, wherein, The battery management system is also configured to: After the DC charger is connected to the vehicle and before charging of the battery module is performed, the insulation resistance is measured in a first measurement cycle; and During the charging of the battery module, the insulation resistance is measured in a second measurement cycle that is shorter than the first measurement cycle.

10. The battery device according to claim 6, wherein, The battery management system is also configured to provide control signals to the DC charger for controlling the switch to perform DC charging.

11. The battery device according to claim 6, wherein, The battery management system is also configured to check the operation of the battery device before performing DC charging.

12. A battery management system configured for installation in a battery device in a vehicle, the battery management system comprising: A connector configured to connect to an AC charger or a DC charger, and to receive a first control signal provided by the AC charger or the DC charger in response to the connection of the AC charger or the DC charger; A first control circuit, connected to the connector, is configured to determine the voltage of a second control signal based on the connection between the AC charger and the vehicle, and to determine the voltage of a third control signal based on the connection between the DC charger and the vehicle. as well as The processor is configured to wake up the battery management system in response to a first control signal from the connector, determine the connection status between the AC charger or the DC charger and the vehicle based on the voltage of the second control signal or the voltage of the third control signal, and select an AC charging mode or a DC charging mode to perform charging based on the voltage of the second control signal and the voltage of the third control signal.

13. The battery management system according to claim 12, wherein, The processor is also configured to select the AC charging mode when the voltage of the second control signal changes while the voltage of the third control signal remains constant.

14. The battery management system according to claim 12, wherein, The processor is also configured to select the DC charging mode when the voltage of the third control signal changes while the voltage of the second control signal remains constant.

15. The battery management system according to claim 12, wherein, The first control circuit includes: A first resistor is connected between the first output port of the connector for outputting the second control signal and the line for supplying the operating voltage; and The second resistor is connected between the second output port of the connector for outputting the third control signal and the line for supplying the operating voltage.

16. The battery management system according to claim 12, further comprising a second control circuit, in, The connector is also configured to receive a pulse-width modulated signal provided by the AC charger. The second control circuit includes a first resistor and a second resistor connected in series between the output port of the connector for outputting the pulse width modulation signal and the ground terminal. The processor is further configured to determine whether the AC charger is ready to charge by measuring the pulse width modulation signal based on the voltage at the junction of the first resistor and the second resistor.

17. The battery management system according to claim 16, wherein, The second control circuit also includes a switch and a third resistor connected in series between the output port and the ground terminal, and The processor is also configured to turn on the switch while performing AC charging using the AC charger.

18. The battery management system according to claim 12, wherein, The processor is also configured to: After the DC charger is connected to the vehicle and before DC charging is performed, the insulation resistance is measured in a first measurement cycle, and While performing the DC charging, the insulation resistance is measured in a second measurement cycle shorter than the first measurement cycle.

19. A charging control method in a battery management system, the charging control method comprising: Receives a predetermined voltage in response to the connection between the vehicle equipped with the battery management system and the charger; Wake up in response to the predetermined voltage; The AC charging mode or DC charging mode is selected based on the voltage of the control signal determined according to the connection between the charger and the vehicle. as well as The connection status between the charger and the vehicle is determined based on the voltage of the control signal.

20. The charging control method according to claim 19, wherein, The control signals include: A first control signal, the voltage of which changes when the AC charger is connected to the vehicle as the charger; and The voltage of the second control signal changes when the DC charger is connected to the vehicle as the charger.

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