Laser fuse multi-material forming device

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of laser fuse wire forming, and discloses a laser fuse wire multi-material forming device which comprises an optical fiber, a lens group and a fuse wire head, the lens group is used for guiding and transmitting laser to the optical fiber, the lens group is arranged at the emergent end of the optical fiber and used for collimating and focusing the laser and forming high-energy-density focusing light spots on a substrate, and the fuse wire head is arranged at the emergent end of the optical fiber. The fuse head is installed on the outer side of the lens set and used for conveying wires to a focusing light spot area, and the wire feeding adjusting head is installed on the outer side of the fuse head and used for conducting fine adjustment and guiding on the wires. Through cooperative arrangement of the optical fiber, the lens group and the fuse head, a core system for high-power laser fuse forming is constructed, synchronous or on-demand conveying of various materials is achieved through integration of the multiple wire feeding adjusting heads, and therefore integrated preparation of composite material components can be completed, in addition, through the adoption of the wire feeding pipe with the position capable of being flexibly adjusted, the production efficiency is improved, and the production cost is reduced. And the stability and precision of the wire feeding process are effectively improved, so that preparation of high-precision components is completed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of laser filament forming, and in particular to a laser filament multi-material forming apparatus. Background Technology

[0002] Laser filament forming technology is an important branch of directional energy deposition additive manufacturing. It uses metal wire as raw material, melts the wire with a high-energy laser to form a molten pool, and builds up the material layer by layer. It has the advantages of high material utilization and fast deposition rate.

[0003] However, laser filament forming technology has significant drawbacks: On the one hand, industry demands increasingly stringent performance requirements for components, which cannot be met by a single homogeneous material. Traditional single-filament equipment cannot mix multiple materials during the manufacturing process, fundamentally eliminating its ability to manufacture composite material components. On the other hand, the introduction of high-power lasers to achieve high-efficiency and high-melting-point material forming enhances the fluidity of the molten pool, placing higher demands on the stability of multi-filament coordinated transport and the precise control of the molten pool. Existing single-filament systems and their control methods are difficult to directly adapt, limiting the realization of its technological potential. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the existing laser filament forming technology is difficult to prepare composite material components, and the stability of filament delivery is difficult to meet the requirements under high power laser.

[0005] The above-mentioned technical problems are solved by the following technical solution: This invention proposes a laser filament multi-material forming device, which includes, Optical fibers are used to guide and transmit laser light to the mirror assembly; The mirror assembly is disposed at the output end of the optical fiber and is used to collimate and focus the laser to form a high-energy-density focused spot on the substrate. A fuse head, which is installed on the outside of the lens assembly, is used to deliver filament to the focusing spot area; A wire feeding adjustment head is installed on the outside of the wire feeding head and is used for fine adjustment and guidance of the wire.

[0006] In a preferred embodiment of the laser filament multi-material forming device of the present invention: the lens group includes a fixed base disposed at the fiber optic output end, a through groove opened inside the fixed base, a cover plate fixedly connected to the outside of the fixed base, a gas channel opened inside the fixed base, and a collimating protection lens group, a collimating lens group, a focusing lens group, and a focusing protection lens group disposed inside the fixed base. One end of the gas channel is connected to the gas conveying equipment, and the other end of the gas channel is connected to the through groove; The collimating protection lens group, the collimating lens group, the focusing lens group, and the focusing protection lens group are arranged sequentially along the direction from the optical fiber to the fuse head.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment of the laser filament multi-material forming device of the present invention: the collimation protection lens assembly includes a collimation protection lens mounting base bolted to the inside of the fixed base, a collimation protection lens disposed inside the collimation protection lens mounting base, and a collimation protection lens retaining ring disposed outside the collimation protection lens; The collimator assembly includes a collimator mounting base bolted inside the fixed base, a collimator baffle bolted outside the collimator mounting base, and a collimator disposed between the collimator mounting base and the collimator baffle. The focusing lens assembly includes a focusing lens mounting base bolted inside the fixed base, a focusing lens baffle bolted outside the focusing lens mounting base, and a focusing lens disposed between the focusing lens mounting base and the focusing lens baffle. The focusing protection lens assembly includes a focusing protection lens mounting base inserted into the fixed base, a focusing protection lens baffle bolted to the outside of the focusing protection lens mounting base, and a focusing protection lens disposed between the focusing protection lens mounting base and the focusing protection lens baffle. The central axes of the optical fiber, the through slot, the collimating protection mirror, the collimating mirror, the focusing mirror, and the focusing protection mirror are coincident.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment of the laser filament multi-material forming device of the present invention: the filament head includes a filament head component bolted to the outside of the fixed base, a filament head middle component bolted to the outside of the filament head component, and a filament head lower component bolted to the outside of the filament head middle component. The fuse head component, the fuse head middle component, and the fuse head lower component are provided with through holes, and the central axis of the through holes coincides with the central axis of the through groove.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the laser filament multi-material forming device of the present invention: the wire feeding adjustment head includes a threaded groove and a tapered groove formed inside the component of the filament head, a wire feeding head threadedly connected inside the threaded groove, an elastic clip fixedly connected to the outside of the wire feeding head, a wire feeding tube disposed inside the wire feeding head, and a wire material disposed inside the wire feeding tube. The elastic clip is disposed inside the conical groove, and at least two elastic clips are disposed therein, with a gap between two adjacent elastic clips.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the laser filament multi-material forming apparatus of the present invention, a protective component is also included; The protective components include a collimating lens dust layer baffle and a focusing lens dust layer baffle threaded to the outside of the fixed base, and a focusing protective lens dust layer baffle hinged to the outside of the fixed base.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the laser filament multi-material forming apparatus of the present invention, a first cooling component is also included; The first cooling component includes a U-shaped water trough inside the fixed base, a U-shaped water trough sealing plate bolted to the outside of the fixed base, a U-shaped water trough inlet and a U-shaped water trough outlet connecting the U-shaped water trough, an annular water trough inside the fixed base, an annular water trough sealing plate bolted to the outside of the fixed base, and an annular water trough inlet and an annular water trough outlet connecting the annular water trough.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the laser filament multi-material forming apparatus of the present invention, a second cooling component is also included; The second cooling component includes a first cylindrical water tank inside the component on the fuse head, a second cylindrical water tank inside the component in the fuse head, a circular water tank inside the component below the fuse head, and a cylindrical water tank inlet and a cylindrical water tank outlet connecting the first cylindrical water tank. The first cylindrical water tank, the second cylindrical water tank, and the circular water tank are connected.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the laser filament multi-material forming apparatus of the present invention, a monitoring component is also included; The monitoring component includes a back plate fixedly connected to the outside of the mounting base, a connecting arm with a ball joint connected to the outside of the back plate, and a camera adapted to be installed on the outside of the connecting arm.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: by coordinating the optical fiber, mirror assembly and filament head, a core system for high-power laser filament forming is constructed. By integrating multiple wire feeding adjustment heads, the synchronous or on-demand feeding of various materials is realized, thereby enabling the integrated fabrication of composite material components. In addition, by adopting a filament feeding tube with flexibly adjustable position, the stability and accuracy of the wire feeding process are effectively improved, so as to facilitate the fabrication of high-precision components. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings described below only relate to some embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0016] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention is shown; Figure 2A cross-sectional schematic diagram of the mirror assembly of the present invention is shown; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the lens assembly deployment of the present invention is shown; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the protective component of the present invention is shown; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the fixed base of the present invention is shown. Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the fuse head of the present invention is shown; Figure 7 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of the wire feeding adjustment head of the present invention is shown; Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the wire feeding adjustment head of the present invention is shown; Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the second cooling component of the present invention is shown; Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the fuse head of the present invention is shown; Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the laser collimation and focusing path of the present invention is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0018] The terminology used in this invention refers to those general terms currently widely used in the art in consideration of the functionality of the invention; however, these terms may vary according to the intent of those skilled in the art, precedent, or new techniques. Furthermore, specific terms may be chosen independently, and in such cases, their detailed meanings will be described in the detailed description of the invention. Therefore, the terminology used in this specification should not be construed as simple names, but rather based on the meaning of the terms and the overall description of the invention.

[0019] Reference Figures 1-11 This embodiment provides a laser filament multi-material forming apparatus, including, Fiber 1 is used to guide and transmit the laser to mirror group 2; The mirror group 2 is set at the output end of the optical fiber 1 and is used to collimate and focus the laser to form a high energy density focused spot on the substrate. Fuse head 3 is installed on the outside of lens group 2 and is used to deliver filament to the focusing spot area; The wire feeding adjustment head 4 is installed on the outside of the wire feeding head 3 and is used for fine adjustment and guidance of the wire.

[0020] In use, the laser emits a laser beam and transmits it to the mirror group 2 via optical fiber 1. The mirror group 2 collimates and focuses the laser beam, thereby forming a high-energy-density focused spot on the substrate. The filament head 3 delivers the filament to the focused spot area, where the filament is melted by the laser to complete the subsequent forming work. When the filament head 3 delivers the filament, the filament passes through the wire feeding adjustment head 4, which can fine-tune and guide the filament, thereby improving the processing accuracy.

[0021] As one embodiment provided in this application, such as Figures 1-4 and Figure 11 The lens assembly 2 includes a fixed base 21 disposed at the output end of the optical fiber 1, a through groove 22 opened inside the fixed base 21, a cover plate 23 fixedly connected to the outside of the fixed base 21, a gas channel 24 opened inside the fixed base 21, and a collimating protection lens assembly 25, a collimating lens assembly 26, a focusing lens assembly 27 and a focusing protection lens assembly 28 disposed inside the fixed base 21. One end of the gas channel 24 is connected to the gas transmission equipment, and the other end of the gas channel 24 is connected to the through slot 22; The gas transmission equipment transports argon gas; Collimation protection lens group 25, collimation lens group 26, focusing lens group 27 and focusing protection lens group 28 are arranged sequentially along the direction from fiber 1 to fuse head 3.

[0022] After the laser is transmitted through fiber optic 1 and enters the lens group 2, it first passes through the collimation protection lens group 25. When it reaches the collimation lens group 26, it will be collimated by the collimation lens group 26. When the collimated laser continues to be emitted to the focusing lens group 27, it will be focused by the focusing lens group 27. Thus, after passing through the focusing protection lens group 28, it is focused on a single point, namely the focused spot.

[0023] It is worth noting that molten metal reacts readily with oxygen in the air at high temperatures to generate oxide inclusions. These inclusions can severely damage the compactness, mechanical properties, and corrosion resistance of the formed parts. Furthermore, during high-power laser processing, a large amount of metal vapor and high-heat spatter will be generated as contaminants. These contaminants can easily adhere to the surfaces of optical components such as the focusing protective lens group 28 and the focusing lens group 27, leading to lens contamination and overheating damage.

[0024] During the process of the laser passing through the mirror group 2, the gas supply device continuously delivers argon gas into the through slot 22 through the gas channel 24. The argon gas can pass through the collimating mirror group 26, the focusing mirror group 27 and the focusing protection mirror group 28 and fill the through slot 22. The argon gas will also enter the fuse head 3 through the through slot 22 and leak out from the bottom of the fuse head 3.

[0025] Argon, as an inert gas, can effectively drive away and isolate the air in the processing area, ensuring that the molten metal maintains the purity of its chemical composition. The introduced argon gas flow can also blow away and block contaminants such as metal vapor and high-temperature splashes, thereby avoiding lens contamination and overheating damage, ensuring the long-term stability of laser beam quality and the service life of the optical system.

[0026] As one embodiment provided in this application, such as Figures 1-4 and Figure 11 The collimation protection lens assembly 25 includes a collimation protection lens mounting base 251 bolted inside the fixing base 21, a collimation protection lens 252 disposed inside the collimation protection lens mounting base 251, and a collimation protection lens retaining ring 253 disposed outside the collimation protection lens 252. Among them, the optical fiber 1 is set inside the mounting cylinder, the mounting cylinder is bolted to the outside of the fixing base 21, and the mounting cylinder contacts the collimation protection mirror retaining ring 253 to press the collimation protection mirror retaining ring 253. The collimator assembly 26 includes a collimator mounting base 261 bolted inside the fixing base 21, a collimator baffle 263 bolted to the outside of the collimator mounting base 261, and a collimator 262 disposed between the collimator mounting base 261 and the collimator baffle 263. The focusing lens assembly 27 includes a focusing lens mounting base 271 bolted inside the fixing base 21, a focusing lens baffle 273 bolted to the outside of the focusing lens mounting base 271, and a focusing lens 272 disposed between the focusing lens mounting base 271 and the focusing lens baffle 273. The focusing protection lens assembly 28 includes a focusing protection lens mounting base 281 inserted into the fixed base 21, a focusing protection lens baffle 283 bolted to the outside of the focusing protection lens mounting base 281, and a focusing protection lens 282 disposed between the focusing protection lens mounting base 281 and the focusing protection lens baffle 283. The central axes of fiber optic 1, through slot 22, collimation protection lens 252, collimation lens 262, focusing lens 272, and focusing protection lens 282 coincide; In this embodiment, the diameter D of the optical fiber 1 is set to 1 mm, the focal length of the collimating lens 262 is f1, the focal length of the focusing lens 272 is f2, f2 / f1=4, and the diameter of the focused spot is d. According to optical principles, the diameter d of the focused spot is related to the focal length f2 of the focusing lens 272, the focal length f1 of the collimating lens 262, and the diameter D of the optical fiber 1. d / D=f2 / f1. Therefore, a focused spot with a diameter of 4 mm and extremely high energy density will be formed on the forming platform.

[0027] It is worth noting that, compared to the collimating protection lens 252, collimating lens 262, and focusing lens 272, the focusing protection lens 282 is closest to the focused spot and is most susceptible to contamination and high-temperature damage. Installing the focusing lens mounting base 271 inside the fixing base 21 via a plug-in connection method is more convenient than bolt connections or welding connections, making it easier to disassemble and install the focusing lens mounting base 271, thus facilitating the replacement of the focusing protection lens 282.

[0028] The process of collimation and focusing of the laser through lens group 2 can be found in the appendix. Figure 11 The collimation protection lens 252 and the focusing protection lens 282 can be used to protect the collimation lens 262 and the focusing lens 272.

[0029] As one embodiment provided in this application, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figures 6-10 The fuse head 3 includes a fuse head component 31 bolted to the outside of the fixing base 21, a fuse head middle component 32 bolted to the outside of the fuse head component 31, and a fuse head lower component 33 bolted to the outside of the fuse head middle component 32. The fuse head component 31, the fuse head middle component 32, and the fuse head lower component 33 are provided with through holes, and the central axis of the through holes coincides with the central axis of the through groove 22.

[0030] The wire feeding adjustment head 4 includes a threaded groove 41 and a tapered groove 42 formed inside the component 32 of the wire feeding head, a wire feeding head 43 threadedly connected inside the threaded groove 41, an elastic clip 44 fixedly connected to the outside of the wire feeding head 43, a wire feeding tube 45 disposed inside the wire feeding head 43, and a wire 46 disposed inside the wire feeding tube 45. The elastic clip 44 is disposed inside the conical groove 42, and at least two elastic clips 44 are provided, with a gap between two adjacent elastic clips 44. The wire feeding tube 45 and the elastic clamp 44 are made of copper. As attached Figure 1 As shown, at least two wire feeding adjustment heads 4 are provided, and each wire feeding adjustment head 4 is provided with wire 46 inside. The wire 46 inside each wire feeding adjustment head 4 can be selected from different materials in order to complete the preparation of composite material components.

[0031] During use, after the laser passes through the lens group 2, it passes through the through holes inside the fuse head component 31, the fuse head middle component 32 and the fuse head lower component 33, and reaches the bottom of the fuse head lower component 33, thereby forming a focused spot. The melting of the wire is completed at the focused spot.

[0032] During the wire feeding process, the wire 46 can be transported by an external wire feeding device. After passing through the wire feeding tube 45, the wire 46 reaches the position of the focused spot. By setting multiple wire feeding adjustment heads 4, and the wires 46 of different materials inside the wire feeding adjustment heads 4 are transported in a coordinated manner or on demand, the preparation of composite material components can be completed.

[0033] It is worth noting that, as shown in the attached document... Figure 7 As shown, by controlling the distance between the end of the wire feeding tube 45 and the focusing spot, the length of the wire 46 exposed after passing through the wire feeding tube 45 can be controlled. If high precision is required, or the wire 46 is relatively soft and will sag and bend under its own weight, the operator can adjust the position of the wire feeding tube 45 to solve the problem. Specifically, the wire feeding tube 45 is adjusted to be closer to the focusing spot, thereby effectively reducing the shaking and sag of the wire 46 during the processing, and thus effectively improving the processing accuracy.

[0034] However, if the wire feed tube 45 is too close to the focusing spot, the splashed molten metal will be more likely to adhere to the outside of the wire feed tube 45, causing the wire feed tube 45 to become blocked. Therefore, when adjusting the wire feed tube 45, it should also be avoided to get too close.

[0035] When installing, if the wire feed tube is 45, as shown in the attached document. Figure 7 As shown, after inserting the wire feeding tube 45 into the wire feeding head 43 and passing through the elastic clamp 44, the wire feeding head 43 is threaded into the threaded groove 41. At this time, the elastic clamp 44 will gradually insert into the depth of the tapered groove 42. During this process, under the pressure of the tapered groove 42, the elastic clamp 44 will gradually move closer to the wire feeding tube 45, thereby completing the clamping and fixing of the wire feeding tube 45, so as to ensure that the wire feeding tube 45 will not cause a decrease in machining accuracy due to shaking during the machining process.

[0036] When adjusting the position of the wire feeding tube 45, the operator can rotate the wire feeding head 43 to move it away from the component 32 in the wire feeding head, thereby causing the elastic clamp 44 to move away from the conical groove 42. After moving away from the conical groove 42, the elastic clamp 44 will no longer clamp the wire feeding tube 45 under its own rebound force, thus adjusting the position of the wire feeding tube 45 inside the wire feeding head 43. After adjustment, it can be reinstalled.

[0037] Both the wire feeding tube 45 and the elastic clamp 44 are made of copper. Copper's excellent thermal conductivity can quickly conduct and dissipate the high heat of the laser, thereby significantly reducing the temperature of the wire feeding tube 45 and the elastic clamp 44. This effectively prevents the wire 46 from softening, melting, or sticking to the wire feeding tube 45 due to heat during the feeding process, ensuring the continuity and stability of the wire feeding process. At the same time, the elastic clamp 44 utilizes the moderate elasticity and plasticity of copper to achieve reliable clamping and prevent the wire feeding tube 45 from shaking. Its good thermal conductivity also prevents the formation of local heat accumulation points due to clamping contact, further ensuring the accuracy and reliability of multi-wire collaborative feeding in high-power laser environments.

[0038] As one embodiment provided in this application, such as Figures 1-4 It also includes protective component 5; The protective component 5 includes a collimating lens dust layer baffle 51 and a focusing lens dust layer baffle 52 that are threaded to the outside of the fixed base 21, and a focusing protective lens dust layer baffle 53 that is hinged to the outside of the fixed base 21. Among them, the collimating lens baffle 51 covers the outside of the collimating lens 262, the focusing lens baffle 52 covers the outside of the focusing lens 272, and the focusing protection lens baffle 53 covers the outside of the focusing protection lens 282 and is in contact with the focusing protection lens mounting base 281.

[0039] As attached Figure 1 and attached Figure 4 As shown, by setting the collimating lens dust layer baffle 51, the focusing lens dust layer baffle 52, and the focusing protection lens dust layer baffle 53, the optical path can be effectively prevented from being blocked due to external dust entering the optical path inside the mounting base 21.

[0040] In addition, as attached Figure 4 As shown, one end of the focusing protection lens dust layer baffle 53 is hinged to the fixing base 21, and the other end can be bolted to the outside of the fixing base 21. The focusing protection lens dust layer baffle 53 also contacts the focusing protection lens mounting base 281. Thus, when the focusing protection lens dust layer baffle 53 is bolted to the outside of the fixing base 21, it can block the focusing protection lens mounting base 281, prevent the focusing protection lens mounting base 281 from shifting, and ensure the stability of the optical path.

[0041] In addition, since the focusing protection lens 282 is easily damaged and needs to be replaced frequently, when the focusing protection lens 282 needs to be replaced, since one end of the focusing protection lens dust cover 53 is hinged to the fixing base 21, it is only necessary to remove the bolts at the other end of the focusing protection lens dust cover 53 to open the focusing protection lens dust cover 53, which makes it easy to replace the focusing protection lens 282.

[0042] As one embodiment provided in this application, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 5 It also includes a first cooling component 6; The first cooling component 6 includes a U-shaped water tank 61 formed inside the fixed base 21, a U-shaped water tank sealing plate 62 bolted to the outside of the fixed base 21, a U-shaped water tank inlet 63 and a U-shaped water tank outlet 64 connecting the U-shaped water tank 61, an annular water tank 65 formed inside the fixed base 21, an annular water tank sealing plate 66 bolted to the outside of the fixed base 21, and an annular water tank inlet 67 and an annular water tank outlet 68 connecting the annular water tank 65. A sealing gasket is provided between the U-shaped water tank sealing plate 62 and the annular water tank sealing plate 66 and the fixed base 21.

[0043] During operation, the mirror assembly 2 will continuously heat up due to the influence of the high-power laser. Therefore, it is necessary to continuously inject water into the U-shaped water tank inlet 63 and the annular water tank inlet 67. After the water flows into the U-shaped water tank 61 and the annular water tank 65, it can absorb some of the heat of the mirror assembly 2. When it flows out from the U-shaped water tank outlet 64 and the annular water tank outlet 68, it carries away the heat, thereby completing the cooling of the mirror assembly 2 and ensuring that the mirror assembly 2 will not overheat and be damaged.

[0044] As one embodiment provided in this application, such as Figure 1 , Figure 6 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 It also includes a second cooling component 7; The second cooling component 7 includes a first cylindrical water tank 71 opened inside the fuse head component 31, a second cylindrical water tank 72 opened inside the fuse head middle component 32, a circular water tank 73 opened inside the fuse head lower component 33, and a cylindrical water tank inlet 74 and a cylindrical water tank outlet 75 connecting the first cylindrical water tank 71. The first cylindrical water tank 71, the second cylindrical water tank 72, and the circular water tank 73 are connected; A sealing gasket is provided at the connection between the first cylindrical water tank 71 and the second cylindrical water tank 72, and a sealing gasket is also provided at the connection between the second cylindrical water tank 72 and the circular water tank 73.

[0045] As attached Figure 9As shown, during operation, the fuse head 3 will continuously heat up due to the influence of the high-power laser. Therefore, it is necessary to continuously inject water into the cylindrical water tank inlet 74. The water flows through the cylindrical water tank inlet 74 into the first cylindrical water tank 71 on the left, then into the second cylindrical water tank 72 on the left, and then into the circular water tank 73. The water flows in the circular water tank 73 to the second cylindrical water tank 72 on the right, then into the first cylindrical water tank 71 on the right, and finally flows out from the cylindrical water tank outlet 75. During the water flow, it will absorb some of the heat of the fuse head 3, and after flowing out from the cylindrical water tank outlet 75, it will cool down the fuse head 3, thereby ensuring that the fuse head 3 melts the wire 46 in advance due to overheating.

[0046] In summary, a core system for high-power laser filament forming was constructed through the coordinated arrangement of optical fiber 1, mirror group 2, and filament head 3. By integrating multiple wire feeding adjustment heads 4, the synchronous or on-demand feeding of various materials was achieved, thereby enabling the integrated fabrication of composite material components. In addition, by adopting a filament feeding tube 45 with flexibly adjustable position, the stability and accuracy of the wire feeding process were effectively improved, so as to facilitate the fabrication of high-precision components.

[0047] As one embodiment provided in this application, such as Figure 1 It also includes monitoring component 8; The monitoring component 8 includes a back plate 81 fixedly connected to the outside of the mounting base 21, a connecting arm 82 with a ball joint connected to the outside of the back plate 81, and a camera 83 adapted to be installed on the outside of the connecting arm 82.

[0048] By setting up camera 83, the focused spot area can be monitored in real time, so that staff can promptly detect and stop the machine in case of an accident, thus preventing serious accidents.

[0049] Finally, it should be noted that the methods and devices described in detail above are merely embodiments, and those skilled in the art can modify these embodiments in different ways as long as they do not depart from the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser-fused multi-material forming apparatus, characterized by: Including, optical fiber (1) for guiding and transmitting laser to mirror group (2); the mirror group (2) is arranged at the exit end of the optical fiber (1), for collimating and focusing laser, forming high energy density focused spot on substrate; fuse head (3), the fuse head (3) is installed outside the mirror group (2), for conveying wire to the focused spot area; wire feeding adjusting head (4), the wire feeding adjusting head (4) is installed outside the fuse head (3), for fine adjustment and guide of wire.

2. The laser fuse multi-material forming apparatus of claim 1, wherein: The mirror group (2) includes a fixing seat (21) arranged at the exit end of the optical fiber (1), a through slot (22) opened in the fixing seat (21), a cover plate (23) fixedly connected outside the fixing seat (21), a gas passage (24) opened in the fixing seat (21), and a collimation protection mirror group (25), a collimation mirror group (26), a focusing mirror group (27) and a focusing protection mirror group (28) arranged in the fixing seat (21); one end of the gas passage (24) is connected with gas supply equipment, and the other end of the gas passage (24) is communicated with the through slot (22); the collimation protection mirror group (25), the collimation mirror group (26), the focusing mirror group (27) and the focusing protection mirror group (28) are sequentially arranged along the direction from the optical fiber (1) to the fuse head (3).

3. The laser fuse multi-material forming apparatus of claim 2, wherein: The collimation protection mirror group (25) includes a collimation protection mirror mounting seat (251) screw-connected in the fixing seat (21), a collimation protection mirror (252) arranged in the collimation protection mirror mounting seat (251), and a collimation protection mirror baffle (253) arranged outside the collimation protection mirror (252); The collimation mirror group (26) includes a collimation mirror mounting seat (261) screw-connected in the fixing seat (21), a collimation mirror baffle (263) screw-connected outside the collimation mirror mounting seat (261), and a collimation mirror (262) arranged between the collimation mirror mounting seat (261) and the collimation mirror baffle (263); The focusing mirror group (27) includes a focusing mirror mounting seat (271) screw-connected in the fixing seat (21), a focusing mirror baffle (273) screw-connected outside the focusing mirror mounting seat (271), and a focusing mirror (272) arranged between the focusing mirror mounting seat (271) and the focusing mirror baffle (273); The focusing protection mirror group (28) includes a focusing protection mirror mounting seat (281) inserted in the fixing seat (21), a focusing protection mirror baffle (283) screw-connected outside the focusing protection mirror mounting seat (281), and a focusing protection mirror (282) arranged between the focusing protection mirror mounting seat (281) and the focusing protection mirror baffle (283); The central axes of the optical fiber (1), the through slot (22), the collimation protection mirror (252), the collimation mirror (262), the focusing mirror (272) and the focusing protection mirror (282) coincide.

4. The laser fuse multi-material forming apparatus of claim 3, wherein: The fuse head (3) comprises a fuse head upper part (31) bolted outside the fixed seat (21), a fuse head middle part (32) bolted outside the fuse head upper part (31), and a fuse head lower part (33) bolted outside the fuse head middle part (32); The fuse head upper part (31), the fuse head middle part (32) and the fuse head lower part (33) are internally provided with through holes, and the central axes of the through holes coincide with the central axis of the through groove (22).

5. The laser fuse multi-material forming apparatus of claim 4, wherein: The wire feeding adjusting head (4) comprises a threaded groove (41) and a taper groove (42) internally provided in the fuse head middle part (32), a wire feeding head (43) threadedly connected inside the threaded groove (41), an elastic clamping piece (44) fixedly connected outside the wire feeding head (43), a wire feeding pipe (45) provided inside the wire feeding head (43), and a wire material (46) provided inside the wire feeding pipe (45); The elastic clamping piece (44) is provided inside the taper groove (42), and at least two elastic clamping pieces (44) are provided, and there is a gap between the adjacent two elastic clamping pieces (44).

6. The laser fuse multi-material forming apparatus of claim 4 or 5, wherein: It also comprises a protection component (5); The protection component (5) comprises a collimating mirror ash baffle (51) and a focusing mirror ash baffle (52) threadedly connected outside the fixed seat (21), and a focusing protection mirror ash baffle (53) hingedly connected outside the fixed seat (21).

7. The laser fuse multi-material forming apparatus of claim 6, wherein: It also comprises a first cooling component (6); The first cooling component (6) comprises a U-shaped water tank (61) internally provided in the fixed seat (21), a U-shaped water tank sealing plate (62) bolted outside the fixed seat (21), a U-shaped water tank water inlet (63) and a U-shaped water tank water outlet (64) communicating with the U-shaped water tank (61), an annular water tank (65) internally provided in the fixed seat (21), an annular water tank sealing plate (66) bolted outside the fixed seat (21), and an annular water tank water inlet (67) and an annular water tank water outlet (68) communicating with the annular water tank (65).

8. The laser fuse multi-material forming apparatus of claim 7, wherein: It also comprises a second cooling component (7); The second cooling component (7) comprises a first cylindrical water tank (71) internally provided in the fuse head upper part (31), a second cylindrical water tank (72) internally provided in the fuse head middle part (32), a circular water tank (73) internally provided in the fuse head lower part (33), and a cylindrical water tank water inlet (74) and a cylindrical water tank water outlet (75) communicating with the first cylindrical water tank (71); The first cylindrical water tank (71), the second cylindrical water tank (72) and the circular water tank (73) are communicated.

9. The laser fuse multi-material forming apparatus of claim 7 or 8, wherein: It also comprises a monitoring component (8); The monitoring component (8) comprises a back plate (81) fixedly connected outside the fixed seat (21), a connecting arm (82) ball-jointedly connected outside the back plate (81), and a camera (83) adaptively installed outside the connecting arm (82).

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